Section VII The senators shall 'be chosen in districts, to be • forrded by. the . legislature; [but do 'to, "hall be so formed AS to.enti *le it . to.ele:et'rhore , than, two senators, unless • the number of taxable Inhabitants in any.eity ror county : shall, at any time, be -such as to en • title it to:,elect more than two, but nn city or 'county shall be entitled to elect more than four togsg.ayjien -a - djdtri t- shal t-he, tom - 'Osed twd or more. counties; they shall beta Ang;•.neither the. city . of Philadelphia rior any county shall be divided - in forming a district. 'Section VIII: 'No potoonShall be a senator, wh.o.shallnothave attahred ° the, age of twenty-.. five , years and have -beeii-iifeiti r ieii. - Sfidi.inhah , itant of. the state four- years nest before-his leatien,- and thejasf year thereot:aninliabitant 'Si the district.for..%vhiCh he shall be 4 chosjw, Unless he shall have been-absent on the pub & business of. the United - ;States - o't this State; land no pers,on elected as- ' aforesaid, shall hold laid ofliceafter' he ahall..liaVe - removed ' fiam such district.] " . . Sc l ction . IX. [The squalors . whe may-bee-. - . lea& sat the first general - election after 'the a-- •doptiw of the, - amendipentsto .the constitp;•: divided,bY by: intothree classes. The seats of the..seriators , of.. the .first class 'halls be vacated •-at the expiration. of the. first year; of the second class at the . exiiiration Of thesec ' --.ondyear; and of the third-class at We . eicpira;, tion. of the third. year; so that thereaftettene - third of the•whole nu nther of senators may be chosen_ every yeaj:. - The senators elected .be . fore' the athernlmentS.te the - constitution shall • • be adopted, shall hull - their offices during the terms for which they shall - respectively . have _been elected, • Section X. The GeneralAs'serribl-y shall ,meet . _. on the first Tuesday of . .ran4arn in everyy- year, unless sooner-convened, by the Governor. _. ,_ Section XI. Each houSe;shall - chOose its - Speaker'and other officers; and,,the Senate - Aall also choose a Speaker pro .tempore, when the Speaker shall exercis,ethe office of Goernor. Section Each hOuse:shall jndge'of-the qualifications of its.meMbe'rs. Contested tions: shall be determined by a committee to•be •Seiected, formed and regulated.hrsuch - Manner - as shall be directed - by laW., .A majority of each houSe.shaiLccmstitute a quorum to do bu ---siness; buta-smallerimn — tber - rita - Y — a - djourrt - from = darni'd iTyrTandtnia - r l be- authorized ,by law to .compel -the attendance of absent meMbers, in such thanber an(Lunder 'such - penalties . as may provided... • . - . Section XIII„EaCh house -may determin the rules.of its • preeeedlOgi, - punish, its mien • !' hers= for disorderly behaviour, and with the concurrence ,of two-thirds, expel a meMber, biWribt a - second_tinie, for the same"cause; _,.and.ShalLhoye T allother'fioArdnr-n - eccssaryL-for: .a..hranch of the legiSlature of a free State., Section, XIV .[The. legislature . shall hot have power to traet of marr'ant in any case where, by law, the 'courts - of this commonwealth are or. may hereafter be e powered to decree a divorce.] ; Section XV. 'ach house shall keep. a jour- nal of its 'proceedings, and publish them week ly,-except-such parts as may reqetire..secrecy: •and the yeas and .nays of the members on any question shall at the deSire of any two of them, , • 'be entered on the journals.. Section XVI. The doors :of each house and • df eMinnittees 'M. the whole shall be open, un-1 to be-kept Secret.' • Section X r4e . ither lib Use shall, -with out the consent of the, otlier . adjourn- for more thaTi three days, nor at any 'Other place than that in whieli the 11:vo houses shall be Sitting. Section XVIII. The Senators and represen . tatives, shall receive a compensation for their 'services to be ascertained by laW, and paid.ont of the treasury of the eotnn l onweal O i. They. s'.tall — in alt casts -'2ceept----treason ; felcinta bre.ach or surety_ df the peace_', he . prtvtleged • .from arrest during their attendance at' the ses sion-of -their 'respective houses, and in going . to-and rettlining from the same:' . .-And_fur,..any ipeech' or debate iii either' !tense, they 'shall not be questioned in any 'Other plaCe. 7 . SeCtion XIX. No'Scriator or repregeritative *hall, during the time for-which - be: shall haVe been-plected„be_appointed_ta_any_ civil_ofAce tinder this:'ConiritonWealth which shall have been created,'or the emoluments of whichshalt • have been increased during such time and.,nd ..Member Of Congress or lotner person holding . any 'ofilee r (exCept of attorney at law and in the . militia) under the - United States or. this dom, ---mOnWeajth r shail-lao-a-ntember-og : either--heuse. during -his deritintlande in 'Congress or in of . flee. 'Section XX..-When vacancies happen in el - ther.bOuse the Speaker shall issue writs, of e lection to fill such vacancies. . • • Section XXI. All bills for raising revenue :ehajt; originate in the house of tepresentativO, --- but--tbe.Senate may propose anaendthente as in - other -Section XXdh , Na • sb all raw n fkom the ti-eaaurY. but in consequence of ap • ,propriatioris madeby law. • SectiOn'XXl - If. 'Every-bill which'shall have - passed both houses shall he, presented to the Governor. If he approVe he shall sign it; but shall - not 7 approVe_he shall return . his objections to the hou,apinwirhich it shall have iigioatod r -who,shall-enep-his-- , objection - r - air • large upon their journals and .proceed to' re- , ' coasider it. If, after re-consideration, two thirds Of . that house shall 'agree to pass the bill, it shall be seat with •the objections to the other hdine_by . Which•tikewise.it shall burs-consid ered, and ; if approved by; two-thirds of . that 40ime'-it•_shall be- a laWi - Adut•in - .duch cases, the' ,votes of both houses 'shall be deterinined by • 'yeas and nays, and the panhes"of the, persons v_oting for or against . the bill shalt be entered ; the journals of each houaerespectively.. If any bill . .ahall not he ieturned„by GoVer .. : nor within ten' days (Sundays excpted) after it. shall have been presentd,Ttolbimia,shalli.be, law in like manner..a n i irlie-ilidlaigned it, uit 7 . less -the, General-:'Assembly:b.3r'thetr:•adjoUrn `.nietit; prevent jta:retui,n - ,•,in„whieWeas9 . 4,shail o be alaw,unlesa, sent . back 'Warn . th'ree 'days • afte their..pest Meeting: . • - - . - .-Sec • •• n.X.XPV;,,F,,very,orde?; resolotion 'Or .• vote to . V 5 Ich'•the concurrence of • both houses may benec ssaey (excel:it - pa - a lineation of ad journment) presented to :the .Cl;:Orer.: . nor; and before I. shall take effect; be approved by him, or being disapproved, shall be repass ed:by two-thirds of bolt houses accordnfg to 'the 'rules and limitations prescribed in case of a bill. -• • _ Section .XXV. [NO corporate bOdy..shall be hereafter created, reneWed 'or extended, With,banking,or discounting privilegesovith onsi -mon.ths_previotis. public notice of_ the ,intended pplicatienSur the satitirt- . 4 sirehirrarr.7 as shall preserib:pd by law.: NO shall any zliarte - r i for the purpose aforesaid, be °granted 'for • a._ longer period..thatiiyVenty : years, and 'every such -charter Shall Contain -a clause re semi ng-te-the Aegislatb re--Abe-pp wer---to ; alter:,, revoke or- annul the same' whenever their opinion it .may )e...injurious:to the citizens of the commonwealth., in such manner, honiever that--AD injustice. shall he 'done : to the corpora tors,: hereafter enacted., Shall create, renew or extend the Charter . or more Than One corporat ARTICLE 11. - Section I, The . supteine Executive . power'' of title Commonwealth shall be vested in a Governor. • Section 11. The Governor shall be chosen on the sec , on Tuesday of October, by the citizens of the. Corn-. montvealth; at . the places , where they shall respectiVely• vote - for representatives.• The returns of b very elec-. 'Lion for Governor- shall be sealed - up and tranemittedto the seat of government; directed to the Speaker of' the' Senate, who shall open and publish them irr i the pres-. . once of themembers „ of both houses of the legislature. The person having the highest ['timber of votes spell be Governor. ' But. if two or niore shall be equal and highestin votes, one of them elfall be chosen - GOvbi; nor by the joint vote of the memtiers . of botlt-houses.. Contested elections shill be determined by a Commit tee to. be.selehted from-both hotisea of: the legislature; and for Med "and • regulated in such . manner as shall be - directed ityjaw... • . SeCtion 111. 'l'he — Governor shall hold his offCe 'du ring three years from the third Tuesday of January next ensuing• his election,. and shall not iso capable.of holding it longer than sice'in any.tertit of nineyears..._ . • Section IV. - He shall be at least thirty years of age; and have l:Jeri-a citizen` arid an inhabitant of this State fteve— • • . n .yeare .next.beforkbis election; unless he ehdll havp been 'absent on the public burilnesVcif the United States or of thiS State.- • - - • --Section V. No member of Congress or persen hold *ng-art-y - -office-und'er-tlie-theited-Statetr-or-thist.State-s-hal . exercise the office of, Governor: _ Section VI. The Governor shalFat Mated times re= ceivefor his services, a comPensation, which shall lie ,neithetincreased nor diminishe.d.4uring-the . period foil ohiolf No' sha7l- ...Section VII. commander-in-chief or the army:and navy of thli commonikealth, and'of: the nal- . litia, eicept . when- they.shall be called into the actual service of the United-,States. ' • - . - Section VIII 7 He shall_ ppoint a Seeretal.y the-Coat .monwca Ith during pleasure s and he shall mot: dilate and by and with the advice - and consent (I the Senate - afifiaint all judicial (Si cers _cpurts..if.record, unleis otherwise provided for,in,.this Constitution. He shall have power, lu fill . all vacancies that may happen in such judicial nifi cers,during therecess 1 the Senate, by grantin - OomMts; slims which shall expire at the end, (y• their next session: Provided,' that in acting on executive nominations the Senate shall sit .with open doors, and in confirming or re jecting,•the nominations of the Governor, the vote-shall be t aken by yeas and nays. Section IX. He shall have power to remit.fines and ..forfeitures - and grant reprieves, and pardons except in case of impeachment. Section X. He mayLreqeire information in writina, ficidt7tlmeffiortfiniike=excstitive department u fibn-any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices. • ~Section XL Ho shall from time to time, give -to the general Asinirthly-information of the state of the Com monwealth., and recommend to their consideration such measures as he Shall judge expedient. Section XII. lle-may on extraordinarylbccasione, convene the General Assembly; and'in case of disa greement bet Ween the iwo housee, with 'reelect to the . time--er- adjournment,--ifiljiitifiV- them at stich time as lie shall think proper; not exceeditig - four months.. - --Section,Xlll—ife_shall•taken-ctiie that the..latvi_be •faithfully 'executeth • Section XIV". In case of the death or resignation of the Governor, or his removal from oirze, the Speaker Of the Senate shall dtralse the's:dice of GovernoN.un til another G over dor shall be duly qualified; but insuch case another Governor shall be Chosen at the next aunual ( elettion,cf representatives; unless such death; resignation or-removal,-sball occur-within- Mree-caiendar-nsonths-int , mediately preceding'sticis next Annual election; in,which case a Governor shall be chosen al the second Succeeding oilieral election V - representatives. And if the trial Of a 'contested election shall continuo longer than Until the thiid Monday's? \ Jantsar# next entitling lice "election of Governor; the Governor of the-last year or the Speaker . 'of-the-Sonate-Whirrhay-be-in--thtr'eirercise-of-theatx eCutive authority, shall cOntititie therein until the de termination of such contested election, and until a Gov ether shall he .4is/ii qualified as aforesaids , • , Section XV..., 7he -.Seetelary sl the Commonwecsa,- shall keep a fair register of all the official acts and pro ceedings of the Governor, and-shall whedrequir l ed, lay the same and all papers, minutes , and ,vouchers relative 'thereto, before either branch of the legislature, and' -shall-_perform-such-other - Auties - as shall be 'enjoined him by law. ARTItLR 111. Seetiiin 1.. In elections by the'cilizens everywhitefree •Tan of the age qt twenty one years, hacitm .res:ded in this State one year, and in the election district where he V iers trii'vote ten daysiitiMediately ireceding such election, at d .within two-years paid a- Slate or County tax, which shall have been asiessed-ittlasttete election, shalten)Vizen - of :the United States Who had previouqy been a qualified voter of this Slate and removed therefrom and returned, and 'whikshall have resided in Ike election'eNstrict, and paid taxes as aforesaid shall be entitlid to vote after residing in the Slate .six months, Provided, that white freemen; citizens of, the United States, bet Ween-the ages of twenty ,9neand l wenly-ltim.yearsond haVing resided in the Slate one „year, and,in the election district ten aforesaid, shall afuraid, shall be entitled to vole, - altkough they quilt not have paid taxes. . . .Section 11. 1111 @call - 4s shall he bt ballpt, except Allele by persens in their representative capacities,Who shall:Note viva-vooe.• • BCetion,lll. _Electors' shell lit all car, except -trea son,l o elonyuldideach or surety . of itie peace, be priy ileged ,froui arrest, during their,attendance cin eledtions, nd-in going to an.treiurniag from - them. # ~. . _ • . . °'/iII.TICLE, IV. Section I. Tho Hoven of . RepreseataitVeiiliall have the sole power ofirmpea - ching. ' ' , Sedtion 1 . impeacludents' Omit he tried by the Senate; whewsitting, for thatpurpose, tit's Senators shall bo - upon oath or affirmation. No•person shall be 'con victed without the concurrence of thirds 'of the members present. ." .Seetionlll. Tho Governor, and all other civil officers Under Thief Cotttmontvealtli shall be liable impeach - - ment for any misdemeanor in office; But judgment, in such cases,,shall not extehd further than to removal from office, .and disqualification .to hold any office of honour, trust• or profit, Sunder this Commonwealth: Tlie. party, whether convicted or!ac4uitted, shall never- IlfeleiV be Hal ighmentacoordingio ARTICLE: V. . , Section ..t.:_Thejtidicial power oi this Cortyndit • - wealth,shallbe vested in a Supreme Court Lin Courts_ of 'Oyer and TerminerandPOenerei Eleliveryvin.a Court of Common .Pleae,• Orphans' : Courti Register's Court,-and doqrt,of quarter Sessionsirof the Peace, fo reedit ethinty; in Justices of the Peaces and in such other. Carts 4 ,.as the 'legislature May from ulna, to time •establish • • . . Seddon - IL: The judges if tife.Saprenit tour!, 11' the several Coups if Common. Pleas, and of such other Cointe if 'Record as are or shall be established by laiv,lliall be nominated by the . Gotertwr,•and by and with the con_ stilt if the Senate appoiTed and commissioned -by him. The judges.of the'Supreme Cbart sheilthalet their iffices for the term of fifteen years if they thall So long Behave themselves ivell. The piidol judges if the several Courtsif Com mon; Pleas tin of such other Courts of Ilecoierat'itre or shall be estabhsheri by law; and all other judges required to.be - learned in :the laW, shall hold their offices for the feria if teq years if they shall so long behave themselves well. The disqeiate judges of the Could, 1 — Common Pleas shall hold dig offices for the tern of five years• f:f thew shall so long behave themselves well. •13u1 for any r,eatonuble cause which shall not , Ite:Rifficienttround:of impeachment, the Governor may remove any if . them on the addiest of two-thirds of each branch if the legislature. - The judges . olthe Supreme Court and the prlsrdegts of the several Courts .of Common Pleat „shall at :stated times receive fur theikAervices an atiegUate compinsation to be fixed by Tato;Which'sAall not - be diminisheit.during their J. continuance in office, but they shall receive, no fees or perqUisites . if tiffice, nor hold any oilier office of prollti'un _ der this Commonwealth. i . . Section 111. : Urrlil glhirwise clirecte, by law, the Couils4f .(!in-nnion Pleas shall continue as at present el , I«blislicd.' Nut mare than five - counties sliall qt any time beineladed;in ont judicial diStriet - organized far said cuurta., . - . . _ Scallop IV. The jurisdicgon of the Supremo Court 4-11-all-;e-xtentl-err2tlirr"-StatfilLand-the--judies-ttrerecik shall-by virtue-of thejrofficesf.be-justicesolOyer-and l'ermirter, and, General Jail Delivery r in, the - several . - counties. , _ . , . Section V. The, judges- of 'the, Court of Corrinton Planer, in each county, , shall by,vrtue of . ..their offiCes; bd)ustices of Oyer and -Terniiner.and _General_jail:de for•the trial of capital ard - offpnders•there in ; any two of the said judges, the - president being one, shall:beTa.quortt4but they .shall hold ._a _court. of. oyer.and county, when the. judges of thk . Supreme court, or any of_them, shall be sitting in the same county.'. : The.party .accusedots well as the riemmenwealth, may, uhdor such regula tions as shall be prescribed by law, remove the tnent and proceeding,s or a transcript thereof; into - the Supreme Seetien VI. Tlio Supreme Court, -and the several courts of common pleas, shall,'beside the powers hereto fore usually exercised by titein k have the power of a court of Chancery, so 'fat ati relates to •thp perpetuat ing of teStimony, the obtaining of eirldence.from places not within the State,' and the care, of the persons and estates of . ..those who are non compotes mentia: -And the lgtslattrre shall vest in the said Courts such other . powers to grant relief in equity, is shall be foetid no -cessarr--andirrayi-frorn-time--tcrtimc,-enlargiror:-diminr-•• iili-th9SO-pawers_ar_v.e.st_theralu_such other_couctii_as_ they shall judge proper, fur the due administration of justice. Section VII, The judges of the conrt,ofcoinnion ileaS of each counlY, any two jof whom shall be a quorum, shall compose the court of Quartet Sessions of the peace, and orpans'court thereof; 'and the register of wills together with the said judges, or any two of them, shallteompase the register's court of each cotin- Section tTIII. The, judges of the cours of common pleas shall Within-:their:respectire -Counties haio-the 'like powers with th:e judges of the Supreme Court, to issue writs of certiorari to thejustices of the peacb, and to cause their proceedings to be brought before then; and the like right and justice to be done. _ . -Sectionl . X. The president or the court in eabh cir cuit within sucheirCuit,and the judges of the court of common Ouse within theirrespective . counties, dhall lie-Tu,sticet-cirtlie-peace,--se-far-airrelates-to--Criteinal matters. Section X. -A register's office, for the probate of wills and granting letters of administration, and an office for the recording of deeds; iall be kept in each . coUnty. • Seytion Xl. The style of, all precess shall be , •The commormeettluoLnkoste,ykania,._ l __AlLpistateviiettEl. shall be cartieci on in the naive and by the , authority of the CoMmontvealth of Pennsylvania, land concluded,. “agaitist the peace and-dignity of the same N- . Vl. . Section I. Sheriffs and coroners:shall, at the - dunes and places of election of represeqtatives,_ be chosen by the citizens of each county. Oni person shall be chosen for each office, who shall be commissioned by the. Cloy- - urnor. -- :They.shell hol d , th e ir Offleeslor three years, if 1 they shall so long behave themselves well,-,and until 'a - surceetorbp-du I y-tinal i fiertrbut-no - pers on - sh al I - be twice-chosen or appointed sheriff, in any term - of six years. ,Vacancies in either of the Said offices 'shall* -filled-by-an-appointment, to he made by the Governor; to continue until the next•generalelection, pna,tintila successor shall be arisen and qualified as.aforesaid. ~. Sectien I‘. The freemen ofthis nofonwealth shall' - b - e - armeilior§amzed - arid , ' .diseijili d fiiCits defence, when and in duck , manner as may be directed.bY law. Those who conscientiously scruple to bear arms, shall not he compelled to.do,so, but shall pay .an equivalent . . ;for. personal se rvice. . . ... —. :[Section 111. Prothonotviries of the Suprenie Court shall be' opiviii tpd by the said .Court for the term of three , yeari : 1 if they,, so long- bellovtoheMselves, well., _.eroMonotaries, Old clerks of the severe:bathos-courts, Recorders of deeds,. ' and Registet i of wills; shall at th r elifizei - and - Wilies _of. election of representatives,,be elected .by the qualified ekc tors of each county, or the districts: over itiltich the jurisdic.' lion 'of said courts extends,.and shall be commissioned by 'tire, Governor... They shall hold their offices fur three Oars, if they' shall so.long bibitvethentselves well, and anti! their successors shcill be:duly qualified.' The legislature skall provide by law, the number iitifersoni in eachtounty Whic shill hold said (Sleet!y and hunt' many . andlwhich 11- said_ offices shall be held by One, rson: ~- Vacancies in'any of the saictiffices shall be Me . appointments to be made 11:g the Governor, to continue un (1 Me fiat :general ete.'ion, and .until.successors. shall be elecied and quail*, as Ore- Sec,titniJ clerks of. the peace lila oFPfians''o§urts; reiiiiiiere of deedo, registeye of "wille, gmenti an Lan =lll =ZEE . , ... and sheriffs, shall keep their offices in the county town of the county -in which Alley, respectively, shall be officers, unless .when the . Governor shall, for special reasons, dispense therewith, for any term not exceeding five yeardafter the . County shall.have been erected. Seption,Y. All comtniaelone_shilVbe in_ the-name and by the authority of the. Commonwealth ef,t'entisyl vatila, and besealed With. the State seal, ind eigned . Iby thii - • - • tie Salim \ ;rare reastiref shall ;r3 ekctcd an- nually,py. - joint - vizb -. Dt both' branches - 4" - . the le gisliture. Section Vielsriistices of the peace or aldermen' Shall be eledted in . the 'several- wards, beroughs..• and tovintshipii,at, the time of the election of conetablea by . - the - qualifiad -- Votera - thereof. - itesuch-ltuthher he directed by la*, and shall be commissioned . by the Governor kora teria of five years; but no township, ward or borough shall elect more that* two justices of the peace or aldermen without the - consent of a majority of the qualificd,electore ikithittbtiehiotkinablp, Ward or 'Section VIII. [All officer's *hail election ar 'appoint; meta te not provided fof in this boiistitutiori, shall be elected or appointed "is shall be directed by law.. No person shall, be , appointed to - any o ffi ce - within any .coiinty who shall not have habit a claim and an irt= habitant therein one year next befori3 hib aFipointmerits if the'coaniy shall hatre been - so londereated ; but if it shall atit have been •so long. erected, then within the Ihnits of the county or'cOunties out of which ii' shall have been taken. No member or Ccingrobs froth this state, or any: persbn holding . or exercising any office or _appoiattaelit_of trust or profit under the United States, Shall at the-same time hOld 'or exercise- any office in 'this slate, to which-a salary is, or fee's or perquibileb ars,liy law,. annexed ; and the legislature may. b.Y . law declare what State offices are incouppatible., Nomem• bet oflllie'Sehate oe of the house of representatives shall bo'appcinted by-the Governor to any office durilig the termloi.Whielt-he shall have been elected.] • 'See'tion IX. [All ,oltiiers for - of years shall Tw hold their °ee for th'e Mime iespectively specified,' only on the condition-that they so long behave theirf.. selves well ; .- and - shall bb removed oh conviction of misbehaviour in office or of any infamous crime.] _ Section - X. [Any.person who shall; after the atkop - - tlen.of . tlie.,atnendments.proposed •bs , title Convention, to the ConSlitUtion, fighta - duel or bend a 'challenge for that 'purpose - , or be aider or abettor in lighting , a duel; shill be deprived of the right of-holding any office ,of honor or Profit" in this State, 'anrd shapes punished oillervviso in such nsanner_asitt,_outtaY by la%v; but the executive titayremit the said offence. and till its tlisqualificitions.] - - ARTICCE. Section legislatue ..as soon Con= veniently may be, „provide ,by law,for the, establish= ment of Schools throughout the State, in Mich diandor that tile poatirimay - be taught-gratis. - Section 11. - The arts and - sciences shall be promoted in one or more seminaries of learning. _Sec The lipid's Privileges immunities and . 9 --- eitates of :religious &moieties:and corporate bodiea, shall iemain as.if the colistitittibit - of.thiiState - had - tiot been, altered or amended. Section IV. [Tie legislature Shall not invent any corporate bod - r Individuals with the privilege.=of taking prlVate pro ertyjor publib use, without iequir ing such corporation or individual to, make compensa tion. hi the owners of said property, or give adequat e securiy therefor, before such property titian lib taken.) - ATITICLE VIII. Memberi of the General Assetnbly- v and alt 73facerit, executive and judicial, shall-be bound by-oatli or af firmation, to support the constitution of this Common wealth, and to perform the duties of their respective - Offices with fidelity: ---- "l`haOtirgenetal - grazti - ari - d - essential - ?titiciiilics - ot liberAy and No governmeiff-ibiYl;-6-16tiipis-ed-and unalterably established, WE - DECLARE,. THAT -Section 1. All men are born equally free: and inde pendeet, and' have certain inherent and indefeasible rights,. among Mitch are those of enjoying and de fending life ; and potties:nog and protecting' property and reputation, and of ,pursuing their own -happiness. , Section 11. All_power is inherent in the pbople, and ilLtlik_gov_ernments_ariqoundedlon.:_theit=authorityi and instituted for their peace, safety and happiness; For .the-advaltbeinent of these ends, -they-•have,!at all times; an unalienaLle and indefeasible' ilght to alter; it. form or abOlish their government, in such manner as they may think prnper. ,Se'ction 111. All men hate a natural and Indefeasible right to Wombip Mt - nighty Hod, according to the die tates of their own consciences; no man can, of right, be licoMpelled to attend, erect, ot.sapport any place bf -worship,or-to-maintainany- m inistry-against-- his -con; Bent; no human authority can, in any case whatever, control or interfere With the rights of censeiencet and no prefe;renee shall ever be';givett; by raw, to any re ligious.establishments or modes of woishiir. • Section iv. No pers'on who acknowledges th'e being of a God and a figure slate of remark's and_punish - Men% shall on account of his religions sentiments be disqualified to hold any office or place of trust or profit under this Commonwealth. Sectioh _V. .Elections shall be free and equal. Section Vi. Trial by pry shall - be - as'heretofore, 4 ln4. the right thereof remain' inviolate. • . Seciion VII. The printing presses shall be free to every peraon wito undertakes to examine the proceed. ings of the legislature, or any branch of government: And no law shall ever be made to restrain•the right theree of. Theiree communicatiudv of thoughts and opinions is one the invaluable rights-of man ; and every oil .zen may freely speak, write and print on any subject, being responsible for the abuse of that liberty. In proseclitions for the publication of papers investigating the oQicial conduct of 'officers; or men in public capac ity, or where the matter , published-is proper for public information, the truth thereof may be'given in evidence: had tirall indictments - for libels the-jury-ekall-have-a right, to determine the law and the facla, under the di- - rection of the court, as in other cases. , . Section VIII. The people shall be 'secure in their persons, houses, papers and possessions,_from unrea sonable searches and seizures. And' do warrant to rte ' any' place, or to' seize any pedon or things, , shall issue, 'tkout4leseribing thou as nearly _ as may .• be, nor:with° tro hie tabs° Supported by oath Oraffirma loin. • PeedOn,lX—.ln_ all:eriminalpreseentions, the accus ed-bath. a right to be heard byhirnself and . his counsel, to the:nature and cause of . the:' a ccusation, a tainst to meet the-witnesses fce to face , have compulsory process ., for obtaining.Avitnesses in his' fa vour, aufl,•in prosecutions by . intlict6Mut or information; a speedy:public: trial, -by \ an iMpartial jury of the vi-, cinagei he cannot be Compelled togivotVidencetigeinst, himself, nor. can he be, deprived 'of his lifeOilierty, or propertY,. , unless by the judgment of his goers or the law of - the laud. • • . ,tieciien X. No person for any, hicliclage of .4ciiei ho preeeedeA ag,aint;reriiiiinally - by, ififorrnatieii, except ifi cases arming In tbeiland - 7oiriaval, forces, or, initiiia -.when in-actual ervice ui time •• of ivar or public danger, or by leave of the court, for oppres sion and : misdemeanour in of f ice. No person shall, for the same offence, be tiwce put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall any man 3 e property be taken or applied to.publiis use, without the' consent of his representa tives; and. Without just eorripensatiCit being made. Section XI., All •ctilitta be •opett, every man for an injury'done. him in his lands; geode; per ,/ son'ot• reputation nhall 114,10 rettiedtby the Co. *AM of law,,and right and justice-adiniriisterod, witliolit sale,*denlitl dela l y. 'Suite why broughl."-againat the cortnnotitVea t n buc k yoanne.h ; in. such courts, and In Ouch da,ns an tholaiielature may lavvdireCt; 9ectidn,,l4l. g , • No power of ebapedilingNetivb Obeli be etereiseic - uniiii by the ligialature;`or its, Section.Xlll: • Exceitsive bail shall not be re(intied, nor excessive floes impose 4 not erliel,Tunislntiente in; dieted. iL.• •iiitioit kik. All priaoher shall be.ig y f u - allable b' o • ~ ~ ficient,sure(ies, unfesti for :capital offeneek .when the proof Is evident or presumption great; add the piivilbie of the writ or, habeas 'corpus shall not, he sUspeiied, 'Allege when; in eases of rebellion or invasion, the pub lic safety ritair,retiiiire it: Section-iiV. •fsio' emiittilsalch of bye app! terminer or gaol deliverY shall-besieseed. „: - .. Section XVI: The persoii of a (later, Where there-is 1 nOtSStrong prbautriptiOn of fraud, Shall not be continu ed i'n,prisciiii after delivering tip his estate for toe ben; eilt of hia - cradltorsi in Ditch manner :as shall be' pm!' scribed bY laW.' : '•• . • ' . • , . • Section XVI. kclix-posr-facto. latvoior latv impaiting 'contracts 'shall be .mittle. •.. gectioll XVIII. No -Person thall"be ettalnlod of Onion or felony, by the legialature. TSeetlon XIX. No hitaltider-zhall - i , orlt corrnptiOn„Sot Woed, nor except during the life •of the &fender, .fir feiture of estate to tho - CoiiinionWealth ; the estate of such peilons-aa 'shall destroy iber, ewn lives , shall de- - sbend vest : as in .ca4e . naitiral (Math; and if any person shall be killed by casualty, there. Shall be• no ferfeiture by 'reason thereof: SectioP XX the Cltiietit; haVe. a right, Ina pea-. Ceablei mannor,,te assemble together, for their corn cape good, and to apply to those 19vested with the powers 'of government •for redress of grietancee,-ei other properpurpotes; by petition, Odress'or remon atrance.. • Section XXI. The right of citizens to beat arms, in defence of themselves end the State; shall not be quelftioned..- _ peace, be kept up-without the consent of the legisla iffre;.artil cases, arid . at, all aims, twin strict euborclinatibri to the Oa POttreri • . Section XXIII.. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in-anY hotise -witho'ut the eonsent'of-the ownbt,•nor in time-oP tear; but in a. minter to be pre: , scrilied"by raw. • • . . Section .X.XIV. The legislature shall not grant any title.uf nobility of hereditary distinction, nor . Create any .office -the appointment to which shall be feta len . : ger tertnthau during - good bei;aviour. - jC.XV; . Emigration .from the State - shall not be prohibited; - Section XXVI. To- junta against transgressions of .the-high-powers_whicli_we_bave_delegated,AVE_bEr , CLARE, that everything in this article iii-eicekted out of the general powera of government, and shall for ever - terrain 1111;qt:duet ARTICLE X. amendmela or amendments to this Constitution May be proposed in the Senate or House of Represen tatives, and if the seme,shall be agreed to by a majori ty of the members ellicted.to each House, such prepo sedirriendment opaniendfnents shall be entered on their journals, With de yeas andoays taken thereon, and the Secretary-of-I he-C om mo n weal it-shall-cause-the -same -to-be published_threa_monilts_before_the,,nexf_eleetioe, Inat-least-onenewspaper-,in-every--countyLitr-which-a newspaper sltall.be published.; and if in the legislature nest-afterwards chosen such proposed amendment or amendments shall be- agreed to by a majority of the members elected to each , house, the Secretary of the Commonwealth shall cause the same again-to be pub lished in manner aforesaid, and such proposed amend ment, or afuendments shall be submitted to the people in such manner and at such time, at least three mounts, after being so agreed to by the two houses as the legis latureshall preseribet and if the people shall approve and ratify Such amendthent or amendments by a makri iy of the qualified votersOf this State voting thereon, such amendment or amendments sfialrbecome a part Of the constitution; but nn amendment or amendments shall be, submitted to the people oftener than once in ,Ave years; _Provided, that if more than One amend ment be submitted, they shall be submitted in such man ner and form, that the people may vote for or against each atuendinent . separatelY and itistinctly.) SCHEDULE. , That rio-inconvertionceirMy'arise from the alterations and amendments, in the - Constitution of thia Commori 7 wealth, and in ordei to earl the aame into-complete operation, it is herehy declared and ordained, That _Bection:L.llll_lasye_of_thittscatuton.weelthiefiktltilki the time when the said alterations and 'aroVments in the said constitution shall take effect, and not inconsis tent therewith, . and„all 'rights, actione,.-protectitionei claims and contractt%aa welt of indtalduals as bodies env orate, shall diritintie—its-if-the said- alteizitlent and mapdrnente had not beCit fiiailc. Section 11. •The alterations andiliiikiliments in the said constitution -shall take cited from the first Amy of January, eighteen huridred and thirty-nine. Section 111. The clauses, sections and 4rticles 'of the said constitution, which- remain unaltered, shall con tinue to be construed-and haye,effect- as the said con stitution had not been -amended. 49ection'IV. The General Assembly which shall con vene in December, .eighteen hundred and thirty-eight, ohs!l continuo its session, as heretofore, notwithstanding the piovislon in the eleventh section of the firin;,sitiele, find shall at all times be regarded'as.'the Opt . General Asseinbliunder the amended constitution. ., Sect:en V.- The Governor_who_ahall_he_elected T in October eighteen, hundred - and thirty eight, shall be in augurated on the third Tuesilay in January; eighteen hundred and thirtpnine, to 'which time the present exe cutive term is hereby extended. Section VI.. The coninikaions of. the Judges of the Supreme Court, who may ho in . offici3 on the first day of January next shall expite in the following inand'er Thacoriamission which hears the wriest date shall expire: on the first day of January, Anna, Domini olettimtiarul.. night hundred and-forty-two.; the commission- next dated shall expire on the first day- , of January; Anne Domini, uneihousand eight hundred and forty-five; the coMmis- Dion next dated shall expire on the first day . of January. intio Voroini,onti thOusand eight hundred and forty-eight; the commission .neit dated shall expire on the first day of January Anno Daulini, one thousand eight hundred and fiftponevand thricommiSsicai last dint@ 'shall eipire on Alio first day of 'Jinitary,Anno.Dornini one thousand eight - I:dared anit.-and-fitlyofour. Section VII. The comtniasions of the President judg es of the several judical diStrictstnid of the associate law judges -of the-first judicardlstrict shall expiie.as felloWs : The' coin Inisaio . ns of , one halt of. those who shall have held their eifice...Jen y'ears or more at , , the 'adoption of the d aincunienti to the constitn'hllxpire the utio, sa .e . • • • tw only- severith-day' of rebr tiary one thousand eight ban.; nail dred''and thirty-nine; the commissions of the othei half or anise who shall have held their offices "ten yerini .ot more at the adoption of the amendments to the constitui • tiori, Shall expire on the tweitti-seventh day of February one thousand eight hundred end 'forty-two ; the first, half td eltibracethose whose commissions shall bear the old , eat date. The eedlinissione of all the remaining judges • who shall not have held their offices for ten years at the adoption or the athendmehts to the conitltinion shall,ex irki.on-Hre 0.0 1 ty-psvv.fith-dpr uf-FelituarrnerWefter — . - , ,thb end.of trill years from the date of. their cOmtnissidna. tiVttion TILL The Recorders of the seVerel Mayor'l C`Ourik - end Other criminal consult . ) this. Comnienwealth, shall be dppotnted for the.aamo time, end - in:the .saati .thtintibi, it the - pi . eaident judges of 'the setterailudlcal dirtrictd riff ihnsb - n - o* - iii - office, - the eomiiiiiihaTli ; ih data shuil expire on the`tiventy-seventh day 111Teb: ruary one th - Onsand eight hundred end forty-one, and'the • , otherS • every two years thereafter aCeottlingid their la. spectlVa dales: , Those °Weld in date.'eipiritig Section iii : " The legbilature at its firptsessindunder Hie amended divide the . Other associate judges bf the State into, font The cfinitnitisions of those of the •first class ehoil expire birth° twenty. et.vrinth day Pebibery; eighteen hundred slid forty -1 , of thbse ell the . second chars on; the twenty-seventle day of Febivary eighteen hundred and- forty-one 1. of , those .of • the third clefs on the- twenty-saventit day of rebruary -- eighteen hundred and - lefty-two; and of those of the fourth . class On the twenty'-seventh- day, of February eighteen ' hundred 'and foily-three. tit°, said ,chisseefroin the,first to the fourth shall be arranged according to the seniori- , ty of the ednitiliseldni Of the several judges. . Secticin X. `iiibilionotariers, clerks of the several court; (eicepiof the Supreme reebrdefs of Aleede - - - snd registers Of wills, Shall be fiiet elected tinder the a- • mended Constitution-, at the 'election of teinesentatives in the year, inkliteen hubilied dud thirty-n4On such man- ,•• her aft dilly be pres -- ittilre - d by lair..:. • , Section,kt. The, appointing piferet, shall remain as hetotofore,and . all officers in rho appointment of the , ex.. • ecutive.depnrtment shall Continue In the exercise of the dutiei of their- respective ciffiees until the legislature shall piss bail ' !Snit as triay.he required by the ' Lion of the sixth article of the amended - constitution, and until appointittent's shall tie made under.such laws; un less their criiiiiiiissione Shall be superseded by new apn_ pointmenis, or shall Stoner expire by their own limits den., or the said:" offices shall becothe vacant by death or resignailed, end inch lima._ shall lielenaited by__the„firet. - legislature under the amended constitution. Section, XII. The filet election for aldermen and jut'. ties' of the peace shall be held in the year eighteen bun. dred and forty, - at the time fixed for, the , election of con., 'tables. The legislature at its 'first session under the amended'constittom shall - pravide — fortise - tald ideation andforsubsequent similartlections... The aldermen and justices--ortho-peate-now-in-commisideni_or_wheintay ht. thii Iftletim bo'appointed, shall..continue to discharge .the duties - of tle 4 r tespective offices. until fifteen , day! after the _day which shall he fixed by_ law for the issuing of new commiasfons, at the eipiration of winch time, their , commissions shallxxpire. In testimony that the foregoing is the .amended tution of Pentisyyunia, as agreed to in convention,., We-the-officers-- and- tnembers tbe-Converition • Int've hi: Marto signed our names at Philadelphia, • the iwonty.second day ofsPebibary, Anne tlornini one thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight r and • of the Independence of the United Stiatel of A - minim' the siity-second:- _ _JOH,N SERGEANT) President.in, Daniel Agnew, George chamhers, Wm. Ayres, '. John Chandler, M.' W. Bald Win, • Jos.. RI Chandler, Ephraim Banks, Ch. Chauncey; John Barclay, - Nathaniel Clapp, . • Japobliarndolar, James Clarke; J Chas. A. Barnitz, john Clarke, Andrew Pedfordi Wllilani Mike, Thos S. hell, - J. Cline, lamed Connell Riddle, • Lindley C'oates, -Lebheue Sarni. C. - tog. Chia. • Jeremiah Brown; Walter Craig,-. William. Brown, Richd. M. Crain, Pierce Butler, .Geo. T. Crawford, Samuel Carey; Cornelius Crum, • John Cummin, Benjn. Martin, • Thomas S. Cunningham, John . J. •M'Cahen, William Cutil, - . E. T. M'PoWell, 'Wm. Partinglon,____ Itimes-W-Sherry, Mark Darrell) , M.Meredith, ' Harmer Denny, . ' James Merrill, : JOhnThickey, Joshua Dickerson, Wm. L.' Miller," Jacob -4 0- James Montgomery, Jas. Ronagan, Christian Meyers, J. lefilefinell, , • D. Nevin, Joseph M. Doran, ' -Wm.' Overfield, James Donlop, Hiram Payne, Thomas Earle, , Matthias' Penn, D. M. Farrelly, James Porter, ' • Robt. James Mudisori sPorter, Walter FOrtitard, Saml. A. purviace, John Fonlkrud, ' E. O. Reigart, Joseph Fty, Jr. A. H. Read, , • • Johnller, - " Geo. W_Ritei WilHaar Gearhart, z .11,. Gould Rogers,.- . David Gihnore, Samuel Royer, Virgil 4~renell, James M. Russell, William L. Harris,' • Daniel Saeger, ' Thomai Hastings,' John Moriu Soott a '. Ezra S. Hayhurst, Tobias Sellers, "W m. Hays, G'. Saltier, Helffeastein, Geo. . M. Henderson, Henry &hear:, - Wm. Hedderson, George Shilleto, Wm. Mister, ThomasH. Sill William High, Geo. Smith, Joe. Hopkinion, Win.Emyth, "" John Hoopt, jiseph Sniv Jabez Hyde, ' Jno. B. Ste ger, Charles Jared Ingeteoll, Jacob Stickel, Phe. Jenks, - Ebenezer W. Sturdevant, George - M. Kolar, Thamas,Triggart; Jars Keekedy, • MorganJ. Viola* • Aaron Keri, „ James Todd, • Konigmacher, Thomair Weaver, Jacob Krebs, Jacob B. Weidman, H. G. Long, R. G. White, 'T David Lyons, Geo. W. Woodward, Alex. Magee, . R. Young. Joel K. ' • ' treat,) S. Stroca. Secretary.. G. L. Fstiss, ) Ass istant . LL • J.. Wltsms,S -SECRETARY'S OFFICE, HARRISBIntift FEIRUARY I certify diet the'teregcting is air exact , and literal copy of “the _Constitation the. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as amended by:the. Convention of 'one thousand' eight hundred and thirty-seven-Airitty.43ight,” deposited in this Office on ther 266 - day, otFelitatiri; 18118;the amendments being in tiind brackets, and the retained por t ion - of the presenr,;Corratiiirl4'in manleiter. TriO. Ir. nutlltto*Os.. jl eey of tllO 000 . Mprch,.l9th,`l.6:B,--,16.E EEII uz:...,,:
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