VOL. XXXXI. | Great Muslin Underwear Sale I Continued for Another Week, From Monday, Feb. *ll, to Satnrdaj, Feb. 13th. | ——THE MODERN STORE- 1 BIGGER BARGAINS THAN EVER New Spring Good* Arriving Dally New Dress Goods, Silks, Wash Goods, Embroideries, g Laces, Stock Collars, etc. -1 EISLEK-MARDOkF COMPANY,§ 5 SOOTH *AI« STSEET .1 r)QI $ JB PHoiEi ;people's \ Cu\ Send in Your Mail Orders. £ jp iDsrovricE BOX I S OPPOSITE HOTEL ARLINGTON. , BUTLRR. HV ©©©©»©«©©®©©©©©©©©®®®®®®®S § GREEN & YOUNG'S;! 8 THIRD GREAT SEMI-ANNUAL « 1 SALE I O Starts Jan. 23. at 9 o'clock in the Morning. 0 © Every heavy garment in our store must be sold, „ O regardless of cost. This is the store that is a little " © over one year old and has made a wonderful record for 8 Itself. We have but two sales a year—one at this g time, and the other in August —and when we say sale © we mean an honest sacrifice of wearing apparel for © men and boys. We do not have much room in this g © small space to tell you about this wonderful sale, but g © will quote you a few prices:— 0 © Men's heavy dewed lined underwear, worth 50c. sale price. 20t\ (I One lot cf boy-' h«avy winter underwear, worth y, sal< price. 10 „ U One lot of men's heavy working coats, worth fl 33 ana *1 w. **»« 0 ft OoetoTof boy*' kner pants suite, size* from H) 16. at i regular price, ft X One lot of m» u's and boys' suit*. worth ptUXf 7 - © © One lot men's and boys' overcoats, worth |C to |7 sale price, fa ft All ."Wo overnll». »9c. * Jc X All 50c working shirts. 390. (| x We have bargains all through the store. © © Remember the datt) and come early before the good number* are V §all picked out v „ Green » young, § 9 One-price Clothiers and Hatters, 9 0 118 South /Wain Street. 0 — I February Prices AT Bickers. Men's «ray Felt Boots and heavy Woodyear-filove over?. fl 25 {ten* extra heavy Pfpodjrear-Oloye Piffecfions 7- Mqp'# firei qnalitK rubber*........... ............... • W BW first qnalit/ robbers ?•> ladies' fine grade robbers. 00 LEATHER GOODS. BttSiSSSSSi: m& I Little gent's fine lace shoes, tipped, latest 5ty1e....... " 1 lot Men's 94 fine patent leather, vici and box calf shoes i WJ Men's heavy sole and tap working shoes 1 00 Men's fine slippers, regular price, $1 w LADIES' FINE SHOES. Ladles' |1 23 warm lined Congress shoes #0 Ladies' $1 50 warm-lined lace shoes ™ One lot Misses' 91 25 fine shoes - 4 $ 3 One lot Misses' fine Kangaroo-calf $1 75 shoes. 1 One lot Ladies' good every day shoes reduced to »j> Ladiea'sl 25 fine felt slippers reduced t0... « Children's fine shoes, wedge heel, sizes 4 to 8 «► Infant's fine shoes' sites 0 to 4 . ™ Ladies' $1 fine Jersey legging reduced to ine little thing (let .i picture of your family am! h'-me made at your first op portunity. We the best at $6.00 per dozen Bxioinches and guarantee them permanent. Let us know in time to go out. The Butler Dye Works Dj t ing, Cleaning, Pressing. R. FISHER | Wm. Foster, j | Architect, j j Plan of all kind of buildings k X tarnished on short notice. £ € Office in Berg Building, 7 J Butler, Pa. v. HUGH L. CONNELLY, Wholesale Dealer in FTne Whiskies Fyr Medicinal Purposes, iell Phof»e 278 People's Phone 578. 316 East Jefferson Street. BUTLER, PA Wm. Wuerthele, Billiard and Pool Tables. Bar Fix tures, Offlcee Desks, Chairs, Tables, Partitions, Bookcases, etc. Turning of Billiard and Pool Balls. Bowling Alley Equipments. 418 Diamond Above Smithfield St.) Pittsburg, Pa. IH-03-Gm REMOVAL. We have removed our Marble and Granite shops from corner of Main and Olav streets to No. N. SJaja street "(J. 1 re^ence); where we will be pleased to meet our customers with figures that-are fight OB Monuments & Headstones of all kinds and are also prepared to give best figures on Iron Fence, Flower Vases as we secured ooleagepv/ train Hie ytewa'ft Jro» Works of Cin cinnati, Ohio, for this town and vicinity. P. n. Secliler Do You Buy Medicines ? Certainly You Do. Then joy want the best for tfo£ least money. That Is our motto. Come and see us when i:i need ol anything in the Drug Line and we are sure you will call again. We carry a full line of Drugs, Chemicals, Toiltt Articles, etc. | Purvis' Pharmacy 8. G, PUPYJB; Pit ft Both Phones. 213 S. Main St. Butler Pa. Butler, Fa. Drying preparations simply devt:- opdry catarrh; they dry up the secret-.oi.s, which adhere to the membrane and decom pose, causing a far more serious trouble than the ordinary form of catarrh. Avoid all dry ing inhalants, fumes, smokes and snuUs and use that -which cleanses, soothes and hf-nla Ely's Cream Balm is such a remedy and will cure catarrh or cold in the head easily and pleasantly. A trial size will be mailed for 10 cents. All druggists sell the | 50c. size. Ely Brothers, 5G Warren St., K.Y. | The Balm cures without pain, does not irritate or cause sneezing. It spreads itself j over an irritated and angry surface, reliev ing immediately the painful inflammation, j With Ely's Cream Balm you are armed , against Nasal Catarrh and Hay Fever. Cross Poor man ! He can't help it. It's his liver. He needs a liver pill. Ayer's Pills. | ! Want your moustache or tcard a ] beautiful brtnra or rich black ? Use | Buckingham's Bye ; 50ctf. of dru££is?sor X. ° Hail & Co., N»»h\:2.V. *■; jTFor Rheumatism, | Cold in Chest, | Sore Muscles, | Stiff Joints. I USE Ifgur-fold i LINIMENT. jS "IN use OVER FIFTY YEARS." Indigestion, j I Dyspepsia j I cao be cared by ' Ytnot Try it and if it j doesn't help you we will pay back your I money. Johnston's PHARMACY, 106 N. Main St. CORCENTS, " PitVd'U'K. Pa Don't Know That? That Stem's Creamery and Milk depot at the rear of 417 South 1 Main street is in operation? If IS! • if yot} want good Mej bj PEARSON B. NAee. Temunone No. 21 . BUTLER, PA., THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 1904. : VOICE AND ! : VIOLIN | ♦ :By to. tS V. Hrnej J ♦ t ♦ ♦ Copyright, 1900. by T. C. McClure ♦ Herman Muller was thrifty, very Bhy, very musical and very much In love. The fact that he was very shy and very much In love disturbed him greatly, and tho fact that he was very musical disturbed other people, par ticularly the people In the house where he boarded. This house was in a very quiet part of Brooklyn, and from it Herman went to his work in New York every morning and returned in the evening. During business hours, from 0 to 5, he was Herman Muller, head bookkeeper for the importing firm of Drummond & Hart. After business hours he was "that moon eyed Dutch man who plays the fiddle." Herman had tried one boarding house after another, but never had he found one where violin playing at night was encouraged either by land lady or the other boarders. Finally he had moved into this house and. In desperation, resolved to brave all the unkind remarks. The quiet part of the city suited him, and really the other boarders were not as entirely unrea sonable as some others he had known. Opening on to his room was a small fire escape balcony, and he had secured permission to sit on this in the even ings and play his violin softly. The softness was stipulated by the con cessionnaires. It was very cold on the balcony in winter time, but he was al ways cheered up by the society of his beloved "fiddle" and the knowledge that spring was coming. And it was in the spring that he fell in love —not once, but twice. Now, it was grateful to his Teutonically senti mental soul to fall in love, but it is dif ficult even for a German musician to love two women at once with whole sotiled enthusiasm. Yet he was not ex actly in love with two women—he was In love with a woman and with a voice. The woman was the new stenogra pher in the office of Drummond & Hart. Slender, brunette and dainty, she was In every respect antithetical to the big. BE WORK*!) PIB WAV At-ONO FROM TUB ¥M(K IWOAVE. blond, untidy looking fellow who so ad mired her at first sight. But Herman was a handsome fellow despite the careless manner in which he dressed, and the new stenographer often glanced at him approvingly when she knew he was looking the other way. Mr. Drummond, the senior partner In the firm, introduced Herman tq the new stenographer. JJe knew {jermau's repytatKin fur hiiyr U»ts *ywi seemed t« him worth all the voices In the world. But In the evening The Voice again accompanied his violin playing, and for an hour ho was near to forgetting Miss Dumont This went on nil through the Hiring, nnd Herman began to lose l»t»u- Wont, tiw often met her on his way home in the evening and knew that she lived somewhere close, but he could never eeped cautiously around it. He saw a girl leaning out of a win dow. and he instantly darted bnck. The girl was Ili'len Dumont. lie had not known she lived so close to liiai. and he hoped she had not seen him. lie re solved to wait where he was until the girl with The Voice should come back to her window. lie had to wait only a few momenta before lie heard The Voice humming the refrain of the waltz song which he had been playing a few min utes before. Again peeping cautiously around the wall, he again saw only Helen Dumont. She saw him and laughed that sweet, silvery laugh he had heard before. It struck him suddenly and very forcibly that he was a foot, a big Ger man, musical, sentimental fool. The owner of the voice was Helen Dumont. Therefore he must be twice as much in love with Helen as he had thought it possible to love a woman. Very quiet ly he made his way back to his own balcony and picked up his violin again. If, stupid fool that he was. he could not speak for himself, he could make his instrument speak for him. The Voice was silent, but he did not care. He knew that she must understand. As a finale he played a composition of his own only in time to escape epithets hurled at him from half a dozen near by houses. And, once having told his love with the violin, he had less difficulty than lie anticipated when he caTled on Hel en Dumont the following evening and proposed in due form. Mr. and Mrs. Herman Muller live In one of New York's prettiest suburbs, In a cottage where violin music and sing ing can disturb no neighbors. The wife is Just as happy us a wonmn can be who takes vast pride in her husband's talent and stupidity. She is even prouder of his stupidity than of his talent. Herman—well, he has never got over fulling In love with his wife twice, a thiug possible only to stupid ity like this. He HarWg« oa the Trauscaspluu rail way line. A thousand men huve beeu engaged day and night for weeks past coiktttructiug dams to protect this town and keep back the river In Its old bed, and the cost of the work has already amounted to many thousands of dol lars. A l>rtrlAv.«l Mat, Abftnt four years ago, according to the I'rescott (Ariz.) Courier, Charles Erwln paid a visit to the petrified for est of Arizona and while there left a large sombrero under the natural bridge near the falls and in such a po sition that the water dripped on it One side of the rim was up iu the crown, and TVere worked u cord the'letters "C. E." In this Inee the hat remained until about a month ago, when Mr. and Mrs. George ItufTner were visiting the pJftCC. win gave tbeui a description of the lo- Cfttiuw of his "plant," and thither they went and found the hat A complete petrification of the chapeau had taken place. It was absolutely stone. Mrs. Kuffner brought it home with her and now has it, regarding It as one pf choice curios of her Nothlnit Done. "You know, they say money talks," suggested the woman with the sub scription paper, cheerfully. "Well. I never v;aa :\ny Iwml ! tfavaWßi replied the close I fiateti millionaire.— Syracuse Herald. "Quick as thought" is not very quick. ' While a light wave would travel | around the equator In a ai-cond a uervu | wave {tidlSVi Uut about 100 feet a sec ond. TERROR OF THE SEAS UNCLE SAM S FIRST STEAM WARSHIP, THE DEMOLOGOS. Fulton's Masterpiece That Startled Englnnd, but W«« Sever In a Flslit—lie.- Peaceful Career Ended In an t'Bfortsnate Tragedy. In these days of naval activity fill over the world, wheu each new scheme in marine architecture is perfected ouly to be surpassed by some newer inven tion. it is seldom recalled that the first steam battleship the world ever saw was built by an American for America. The story of the Demologos is an all but forgotten Incident in naval annals, yet she was the wonder of 1. r day and her career, before her my - : ious and tragic passing. quite i Vturesque enough to warrant the retching. Planned by Robert Fulton, built by order of James Madison, the Demolo gos appears in histcry in ISI4. Those were days when the good folk of the towns along the Atlantic seaboard walked In fear of attack from English ships and slept lightly through trou bled dreams. Our fleet of privateers had borne themselves gallantly and well at sea, but the coast lay unpro tected. President Madison and his ad visers at Washington were quite as much concerned over this as the fish ermen of Maine and Delaware, and then came Fulton with his proposal of a "floating battery." The strange little craft of his sugges tion corresponds most nearly perhaps to what we of today might call an un protected gunboat for coast and harbor service, but she had "freak" features. In addition to the boilers that were to supply steam for the first time to a fighting ship she was to be fitted with furnaces In which her shot might be heated before firing. In addition to her twenty-six thirty-two pounders she was to carry four guns, two forward and two aft, which it was planned should be hung over bow or stern, as the case might be, with the idea of discharging heavy shot into the side of an enemy well below the water line. She was to l>e fitted with pumps and pipes through which large quantities of water might be spouted upon the decks and into the ports of her adversary. "She will be the most formidable fighting ship ever constructed," wrote Mr. Fulton in con clusion. The scoffers laughed, and the ob jectors argued, but James Madison ap proved and worked to such good pur pose that on March 14, 1814, the houses of congress appropriated $220,000 to build the craft. Fulton was named engineer, and before June had passed the keel had been laid in the New York yards of Adam & Noah Brown. On Oct. 29 she was launched, the focus of a national celebration, with thousands gathered along the river fronts and upon the shipping that filled New York bay to cheer, not the Fulton the First, as the president had suggested the vessel be christened, but the De mologos, or "defender of the people," a name chosen by the designer himself, who turned to the classics as well as to the elements for his inspirations. She was a mighty craft. The boiler, over which the doubters shook their heads in fear, was 22 feet long by 12 wide and 8 deep. Her 2:475 tons were to be driven by a water wheel sixteen feet In diameter. She was 150 feet over all, 50 feet beam, and her greatest depth was 20 feet. This is how the commission intrusted by President Madison with her con struction described the Demologos: "She Is a vessel resting upon two keels, separated from end to end by a canal fifteen feet wide and sixty-six long. One section contains the caldrons of copper to prepare her steam. The vast cylinder of iron, with its piston, levers and wheels, occupies the other. The great water wheel revolves in the space between. She Is propelled by her en ginery aionv. "The main, or gun, deck supports her armament and is protected by a bul wark four feet ten Inches thick of sol id timber. This is pierced by portholes to enable lier 32 pounders to fire redhot shot. Her upper, or spar, deck is plain." Small wonder that England was ter rified! One of the London Journals whose agent In New York had gath ered his information through many devious channels gave this account of the Demologos under the line "Terror of the Seas:" "Length on deck, 300 feet; breadth, 200 feet; thickness of sides, 13 feet, of alternate oak planks and cork wood; carriiM torty-two guns, four of which are 100 pounders, the quarter deck and forecastle guns being 44 pounders. Fur ther to annoy on enemy attempting to board her, she can discharge 100 gal lons of boiling water a minute and by mechanism brandish WX) cutlasses with the utmost regularity over her gun wulett: works also on an equal num ber of Iron pikes of great length, dash ing them from her sides with prodi gious force and withdrawing them ev ery quarter of a minute." But this marvelous and dreaded ves sel never faced an English foe. She made her trial trips, three of them, !a tho summer of 1815, establishing a "record" of fifty-three miles In eigtt hours without her armament and e? five and a half miles att hour whe.n fully fitted. then, Just as si/e might cut for herself a place In history with her redhot shot and boil ing water and "submarine" guns, peace with ENglaud was declared. The good Demologos was never l W Into commission. What had a coun n at peace with all the world to do w so formidable a craft? She Is cid»iv<' 4 ed, they said at Washjftsnuv and i can be got fyr s*u-vice at sfe notice. Boud liur over to the new no • y-tud at Brooklyn. And so the "ter pf the seas" crossed the bay and stea ed up the East river and was anchoi off the flat 'hat lay abreast of the n fon in those days, when river and hsr tov improvement committees vyeye •Lings not j'et imagined. there for fourteen years sb?. watvhed the chang ing seasuui. her protected wheel, unoil nl, asleep in its well, her water unboil ed and her shot unlieated, yet not whol ly useless, for she was the rece\yUi|f •hip. The vuuiw en a June evening In IH2U. came suddenly, mysteriously, tragically. There were visitors aboard, examining, perhaps, those four famous "submarine" guns of which «uch ruiglity things had been when there came 11 and the Do. inologOA \uy ruined and blackened Wtt'vk, with twenty five d.-'ad upon the decka that had never before t.>-.'n stain ed with blood. This much the official reports tell, though they thn no light on the cause of the catastrophe. And ■o closed 111 tn peaceful Mf tho world's ttrst steam bat tleship.—Warwick James I'rito iu New York Mail and Express. NAPOLEON'S DOWNFALL. ftont** I'ufMinr Dflniilona About the llntlle of Waterloo. Three of the commonest delusions about Waterloo are: First.—That Napoleon h;iil the fines, ami J he over comma udetl. Nothing i more fais»>. Tlie meu mistrusted their officers, the officers mistrusted the fu ture. Every department was hopeless ly short of capable leaders, and as for the marshals whom he had relied on for his former triumphs he now lacked Massena, I.annes, L»avout, Marmont. Murat, Berthier, to take but six. As for the Old Guard of Austerliti, Jena end Wagram, it had died In Russia, and especially at Vllna, while those of his men who were not "Maria Louises" had either been cowed in Prussian fortresses or Russian prisons or bro ken at Vittoria or after Lelpsic. His cavalry was undisciplined and badly led. Its horses untrained and half starved. Second.—That Wellington, as he de clared, had an "infamous army," the worst he ever commanded. It is true that the Americans can lay unction to their souls from the fact that the best regiments we had at Waterloo were those they had Jnst so severely re pulsed at New Orleans. Henceforth their pride in Waterloo is that "des vainqueurs des vainqueurs du monde." Yet men of the rifle brigade, of the King's Own and of the Forty-fourth regiment were not troops that even Wellington could Justly decry. It Is true that of his 08,000 troops only 24,- 000 were English, but the German le gion, the Hanoverians and the Bruns wickers were as good. Third.—That, as Sir William Frnser considered, Wellington, unassured of Blucher's aid, wonld have declined the battle. Whether Wellington could have declined battle without losing Brussels or the campaign is a problem for ex perts, but he had certainly no right to count on Blucher for the 18th. Wel lington had half promised to help Blucher at Llgny, but found himself unable to do so, though pinned by an Inferior general and a smaller army than his own. After Llgny, Wellington might hope for a juncture with Blu cher. but he could not reasonably expect sufficient of the Prussian army to ex tricate him. Blucher himself was like ly enough to turn up—in fact. Napoleon told Gourgaud that this cerveau brule would have rushed to Wellington, If only with two battalions.—Henry Fol jambe Hull in Spectator. A Medical Incident In "RonoU." Is it not surprising that George Eliot, with nil her knowledge of the inner most workings of the human mind, should have lost her way when denling with the morbid changes of mind and brain? Tito's father, Baldassare, bad been a great scholar, but after a long Illness his memory upon recovery be came a perfect blank; he could recall nothing of his scholarship, though he had not forgotten who he was. With all this, Baldnssare Is not represented as having lost his reason. He remem bers his past life, but he can no longer read or write or recnll any of his scholarship for which he had been so distinguished. It was not amnesia nor agraphia with which he was afflicted. It was a form of cerebral disease known only to the eminent novelist- British Medical Journal. A Matter of Opinion. Time was—and this, too, in modern ages—when no one was considered a scholar unless he could discourse in Greek, and In one age of the world red eyes were In the highest type of beau ty. In China now the greatest beauty Is the one with the smallest feet. In I'eru a lady is not considered dressed unless her face Is hidden. A dozen different doctors will maintain conflict ing opinions touching both diagnosis and remedy in a sick patient. A story Is told of a certain artisan who was de signing so simple a thing as an ax helve. Seven different people who pro fessed to know what was the correct thlpg advised him to make It In seven different ways. He followed no one's advice, but made a perfect helve —this according to his own opinion. Ex change. The Size of the Moon. As seen by different persons, the size of the moon varies from that of a cart wheel to a silver dollar. To many it seems about a foot In diameter, from which Professor Young concludes that to the average man the distance of the surface of the sky is about 110 feet It is certain that artists usually represent the moon much too large In size In their paintings. Occasionally they represent It in evening scenes with the horns turned downward instead of upward, whereas they must always point away from the su::. The true angular size of the m.-.on is about half a degree, so that If can always be concealed behind n lead pencil held at arm's length. GAMES OP CHILDREN SURVIVALS, AS A RULE, OF ANCIENT RITES AND CUSTOMS. "London Bridge" POMMUI »n R*- eeedlnffly SlnUler Significance, and ••Hopscotch" Originated In the Old Myth of the Mlnotaur*a Labyrinth. It Is a fact that English boys and girls In tboir plays and pastime® are the unconscious keepers of the archaic archives of our forbears. Children are Instinctive conservatives. They play the old games and repeat the old rhymes century after century with lit tle If any variation. "Blind man's buff." for example, a survival of tUo rites peculiar to the worship ttf Odin, the sightless deity, is pUural today exactly as it was played 2,000 years ago. So, too, is "tag," which was original ly a fragment of a sacred pantomime or miracle play, portraying the old, old story of Diana and her nymphs. In "London bridge is broken down" we are treated to the eutlre ritual of the foundation sacrifice, that widespread liideoUH custom which decreed that a living child must be sacrificed to the god of the structure ere it could be ex pected to stand firm. First, it will be remembered, the chil dren urge alteruaUve ipeasures. "Lon don IU"MB*> broken down!" cry the leaders, standing with uplifted hands clasped so as to form an arch, beneath which the other little players race as If in dreud. "Build it Ul> with brleks and mortar," is tt\o *eply. v ßricks and mortar will moid nwny." "liulld it up with penny loaves, with Kukl und silver, set a man to watch all day, set n dog to bark all night," tvnd the rest of it. Then, lastly, the hauda are unclasped, the "urcli" falUk eatchlng one of the players, preferably a little girl, In its uiock descent, after which all the chil dren shout in unison: "Hurrah! Hur rah! Now 'twill last for aye and a day, with a fair lady," An allied *«uie Is called "threading the needle." A chain of children pass under nn arch formed by the uplifted Joined bauds of two other children, one being eventually taken lurteoner In the usual way. SusfHix children say this "makes the wheat grow." »encb chil li i;vu cry in unison while racing under the arch: ouU. outs! May tha No. G. good God prosper you!" Here we get a relic of the immola tion of the meriah. or sacred sacri ficial victim, to the com god of the an cients, a custom once everywhere prev alent, and continued until quite lately at Benin city, in India, and elsewhere. "Hopscotch" is an old frame. Its gfrm was almost certainly the labyrinth and the well ulgh universal myth of the Minotaur. Afterward. 011 the introduc tion of Christianity, the labyrinth was abandoned, to be replaced by the ground plan of the basilica, the earliest Christian church. The players divided it In seven parts, a 9 they believed heaven to be divided, and placed paradise in the position of the altar, the inner sanctum of their earthly church. The whole game came then to represent the progress of the soul from earth to heaven through va rious intermediate states, the name given to the last "court" being invaria bly "paradise" or its equivalent. Well worship, one of the earliest and most widespread of religious cults, is symbolized in many games, notably in the one where the children sing: Draw a patl cf water For a lady's daughter. The seesaw movement of the players at the beginning of this ancient and Btill popular game is intended to repre sent the raising of the water from the well. Next is announced the arrival of the devotee, "my lady's daughter," collecting flowers for decking the well (shrine), making a cake for presenta tion to the god (or goddess) of the well, offerings of jewelry, and so on. It can be by no mere chance that a game played by rustic village children today duplicates step by step each detail of the ritual of the primitive well wor shipers. It Is the same with almost all the genuine old children's games. Every where can be traced degenerate, frag mentary survivals of the social life, ceremonies and religious practices of our early ancestors. "Here we go round the mulberry bush," for Instance, is a survival of tree worship. "Cat cradle," played prac tically by all savage and civilized peo ples the world over, has its hidden significance of horrid rites. It is a com monplace, the important part played in black magic by string, cords and knots. But It is the so called matrimonial games that throw the most lurid light on the social manners and customs of our prehistoric savage forefathers. "Here we come gathering nuts in May" symbolizes that earliest form of Kxual union, marriage by capture. In is game, as played to this very day en many a British village green, there enters absolutely no element of love or courtship. The object of each malo child Is to obtain possession of a fe male child by brute strength, and l:o always tries his luck or his skill "on n cold and frosty morning," of course. In those dim, faraway days there were no roads. Across the frozen mo rasses Into the wildest recesses of the swampy "forest primeval" he could under such atmospheric conditions benr his bride In safety. "Kiss in the ring" brings us down to a far later date. The evolution of mar riage has reached the point at which choice or se ,o ~t'~iu bee iu<« the domi nant factor, althootfu . T3 is still the pretense of away tlio fclgnnl resistance to capture and Us concomi tant betrothal. Still more modern is the game known as "knights from Spain," In which one lid stands out pre-eminently from the •tbers. "I am a gentleman come from Spain; I've come to court your daughter Jane," chants the child suitor, to which the "mother" of the assembled girls makes reply: "My daughter Jane Is yet too young To listen to your forward tongue." There Is much more In the same style, but It ends up with the chorus, sung „ by both 6ides (all the children) in uui son: "Let her be young or let her be old It's for her beauty she must be sold." Ilerc we get, of course, marriage by purchase, which everywhere supersed ed In course of time marriage by cap ture and which is not even yet by any means entirely extinct. The worldwide custom which decreed that the bride should make and bake some dainty for her spouse on the wed ding eve Is daintily symbolized in the favorite old Kentish singing game: (Polly) made a pudding so nice and sweet. And (Johnnie) got his knife and cut It round so neat. Saying. "Taste, love, taste, love, don't say nay. For tomorrow-morrow-morrow Is our wedding day." Our bought wedding cake is of course an unsentimental survival of this pret ty custom. But perhaps the most Interesting from the ethnologist's point of view of all children's games is that where the players sing the old familiar refrain, commencing: Sallle, Sallle, water, Sprinkle In the pan, Cry Sallle, cry Sallle, For a young man. Here "water" is not the surname to Sallle, but actual water, as the con text, "sprinkle In the pan," plainly shows. It is a relic of water worship, which everywhere has to do with love, marriage and children. "Cry" does not mean to weep, but to "cry" aloud her wish (for a young man), as the town "crier" to this day "cries" things or as children "cry" forfeits. Note that it Is the girl now that makes known her need of a husband. The game Is, in fact, a survival of the matrlarchate of our remote pre-Celtic progenitors, thnt strange, little under stood custom which gave to the women the privilege of wooing, of ruling, of inheriting, and relegated man to an al together subordinate iwsltion in the communal homestead.—Pearson's Week ly. FOREIGN FACTS. In Bombay and Calcutta cripples and lepers are still allowed to stand in rows In the streets begging alms. If the present rate of slaughter be continued elks threaten to become ex tinct lu Sweden, this season's bag al ready totaling 3,000. Something like three-fourths of ti»c annual expenditure of tlie Turkish gov ernment lias of recent years been for arms unil munitions of war. On the boundary between Spain and Portugal automobiles going at a furi ous speed and refusing to stop have come Into use for smuggling purposes. The Austrian emperor the other day gave a golden chain to a widow at Itraunau whose twelve musical sons, after serving lu the army, have formed a military family band. Refore the gambling establishments at Ilomburg were closed, in 1872, the annual number of visitors was iJI,OOO. Tills number fell at once to 10,000 and Is at present about 12,000. The Irrigation commission appointed by Lord I'urzon has unanimously rec ommended the expenditure of £29,000,- (HMt In damming the rivers of southern India in order to reclaim deserts uud end the famine.