VOX, XXXI
DON'T Want
A Wheel?
Just as good time now, as any,
to think of buying, to compare pri
ces and merits. We pin our best
faith to the CLE\ ELAND and
the PHOENIX.
A wheal should ba
Easy
Running,
Looking, V jj/r Jg
Full y
Guaranteed. Ladies Phoenix.
We l:\ave r\ow
ar\d will have
ii\ Sprii^.
J. E. FORSYTHE.
GREAT UUTER Sit
OF
OVERCOATS, - SUITS,
Underwear, Shirts, Hats, Caps, Hosiery, Ties, Gloves,
Mittens, Cardigan Jackets, Sweaters, Trunks, Valises,
Telescopes, Watches, Chains, Charms, Rings, Pins,
Suspenders, Handkerchiefs, Brushes. Purses, etc. This
NO CLEARANCE SALE
Of Summer Goods, but our regular stock of FALL
AND WINTER GOODS. We show you the lar
gest stock in Butler to select from and everything goes.
Don't miss this
"H'Grand + OpporttinLity.^
We are the pioneers of LOW PRICKS. We never
■ were, never can and never will be UNDERSOLD.
Bear this in mind, and don't make your purchases un
til you see us. We feel satisfied we can do you good.
D. A. HtCCK,
121 N. Main. St., Duffy's Block, Butler, Pa.
FALL FOOTWEAR.
CV.st voor ej« s in upotj the fiae dis
■T3 TVtV 1>1"J of tie newfst tttif! most elegant
\ yttvlL ttylee in Fcotwinr you hsveever look
' 'J ed up< n in Butler tbat we are now of
I eriuflr to the poblic
1 » --"1 HV tiro now prepared to s-erve nil
burets that wunt pood, suitable Foot
w< 8r h t prices never before offered in
this town, quslity considered. Th»-
HLM people of Bntler county know our
' w ' UD( ' P li,irar;,p '" if» stifficieot on any
—Jr j shoe we offer, as time has prcven.
~~lf you are looki- g for I.adies Shoes
see onr 75 ard 9fic. sl.2f> t- nd slso;t-K p ui:d look at 'he $2, $2 50 and $3,
as fine as silk, in 'Blocl eretts 'and I'titton, Nairow and Square Toe, all
widths.
IF YOU WANT MENS SHOES
You have K'rt to the rijflit plaen at liit, either in workiisf sh >es or fine
dress shoes. Fine linMat 85?, 90s, $1,51.25 a'id $1 50; vvait a moment and
»e» the $2 and $2 50 shoi in London, G1 >*»», Vale and St F<ouis toes
Nothing like thorn in Butler.
Well if you want SOHOOti SHORS for yo ir BOY"-? AND OIRLB,
Bee the «reat dispbty at 45c, 50c, 75c, $1 aud $1.25,
oy's and Youth's Ci:
If yoa arj looking f>•ih>n•th it y>i • !• v »-".h I ■)) -s *i.4 \ to
nvery inn, worn 10 aid child.
If roti I f>r a nn tbat i , it., -t. >•: i't M a >mq and
not in thn un ipar*, la fact if roa wii r . t » tr-v 1 ; \vi 'i i iMli tb' <, tirst
clws Sh ie House po at ouce to
HUSK ■ .TON'S.
Where the majority of tbe bast pe nile of Butler county do there buy
ng in foot weir 102 V. Maiu St. Butler, Pa, opposite Hotel Lowry.
*2A Summer Drivc
( ' OS€S a measur ' : °f ' ls pleasi;; ■; if the carriage is less IUA
J urious, easy running and handsome than it might be.
Fredonia Buggies
have nothing but good points. They're the handsomest vehicles you can
get —are as strong and secure as they're sightly.
Ask and insist that you see tlieni at your dealer's.
Made by FREDONIA MFG, CO., Youngstown, Ohio.
THE BUTLER CITIZEN.
Weak and Weary
Overcome by th° heat or extraordinary
exertion, the physical system, l>k* a ma
chine, needs to l>e renovated and repaired.
The blood needs to be puntied and invigor-
Hood's *«<•»«-.
£ parilla
ated and the nerve-s f V g j
and muscles strength- M vd
ened by Hood's Sarsa
. parilla, which creates 'WVWW
an appetite, removes that tired feeling
and gives sweet, sound, refreshing sleep.
Hood's Pills .
MARTHA WASHINGTON
COOK-BOOK
,i FREE!
[fPg;; 320 m-ci».
COOJJSS- i ILLUSTRATED.
i | * I O.V «* i!:c ! 1 Cook
r* I j ' ' il'*t recipe.-,
fi 11 J i r Imndy refer
IM
MAILED FREE,
In Exch .. ■_ fcr ?■') I.AEOE L.10.N
HEADS cut }ro:.i Cr v.'ra;jp«rf I
and a 2-cent ..! zcr .
I Write fo.-i; - . . 1 1 IV c j
har>> nuny vil-: j- it< Krtth Gaaao. I
rtc.. to Rtvo I-'. r. . * t II -u.o Card 1.1 'I I
every patUaso <•' Uo.*r (
mag s E s;
It is unnecessary j
to bore you with the
advertisement of our i
largest stock, best
facilities, biggest
busin ess,etc. \ou
know we have that.
The important an
nouncement is,
We will Positively save
you Money on your
Fall Clothes.
Our stock tables
are resplendent with
the ne\\< st patterns.
See them.
ALAND,
TAILOR.
C.
A business that keeps grow
ing through a season oi de
pression, such as the country
has experienced, is .an evi
dence that people realize they
save money by trading with
us. We know, and always
have known, the days of large
profits are past. Without
question we are giving more
for the money than last year.
Our stock is larger to select
from than last year.
'".ALL AND SEE US.
Colbert & Dale.
What You Need
Is a Dictionary! r
HERE IT IS!
One Webster Int. Dictionary,
sheep, with patent thumb its»i«x,
together with one Noye'a patent ad
justable dictionary hold' r nil com
plete for
We are the only firm in tbe
county able to wholcf-nle school KU;>
pliet* iu competition with large firrns
from Chicago and other cities We
noil for has than other firms here pay
for things.
J. H. DOUGLASS,
(WHOLESALE AND RETAIL )
1241 S. Main Street,
Near Postoffice.
1,. CJ. W1(!K
DKALKK INj
Rough and Worked Lumbf
OP ALL KINDS
Dour;,, Sash, B:u:ds. \ioui<Hr>;
Sningie- and Lrfti
Always in Stork.
MME. HAIR AND PLASTK.-.
Offlov oppoHite.l*. A, W. Depot,
BPTLER a
BUTLER LUMBEIi CGWPANY
Sbipp rs and dealers in
Buildin Materials
Rough and dressed Lumber of nil
kinds, Doors and Windows, und
Mouldings of all kinds.
H. E WICK, Manager.
Office und Yards,
kuat l.'unnlngham and >loiin)f%trfet*.
Great Discovery. t '"T««o r ,.
anil disfiguring growth* removed withorn
the knife and without pain.
Oar specific medicineM net only on th<>
diseased part* and ]i?rin3noml.v cure. N•>
fee until cured I»K. TAYLOR,
No. 320 Liberty Street, Pittsburg.
''.FTLEK. PA.. THURSDAY. OCTOBKE Tl">. IHI4.
THE DIAMOND MAKER.
Was He an Ingenious Monoma
niac or a Fraud?
RA OME business
( had detained
V me in Chancery
1 lane until nine
I 1 o'clock in the
evening, and
jj _ _ - \ thereafter, hav
,7 ing some ink
y ling of a head
ache, I was dis
'v/, inclined either
for entertain
ment or further
/ work. So much
Tjr of the sky as
' the high cliffs
of that narrow canyon of traffic left
visible spoke of a serene night, and I
determined to make ray way down to
the Embankment, and rest my eyes
and cool my head by watching' the
variegated lights upon the river. Be
yond comparison the night is the best
time for this place; a merciful darkness
hides the dirt of the waters, and the
lights of this transition age, red, glar
ing orange, gas yellow, and electric
white, are set in shadowy outlines of
every possible shade between gray and
deep purple. Through the arches of
Waterloo bridge a hundred points of
light mark the sweep of the Embank
ment, and above its parapet rise the
towers of Westminster, warm gray
against the starlight. The black river
goes by with only a rare ripple break
ing its silence and disturbing the re
flections of the lights that swim upon
its surface.
"A warm night," said a voice at my
side.
1 turned ray head and saw the pro
file of a man who was leaning over
the parapet beside me. It was a re
fined face, not unhandsome, though
pinched and pale enough, and the coat
collar turned up and pinned around
the throat marked his status in life as
sharply as a uniform. I felt I was
was committed to the price of a bed
and breakfast as I answered him.
I looked at him curiously. Would he
have anything to tell me worth the
money, or was he the common incapa
ble—incapable even of telling his own
story? There was a quality of intel
ligence in his forehead and eyes, and
a certain tremulousness in his nether
lip that decided me.
"Very warm," said I; "but not too
warm for us here."
"No," he said, still looking across
the water; "it is pleasant enough here
—just now.
"It. is good," he continued, after a
pause, "to find anything so restful as
this in London. After one has been
fretting about business all day, about
getting on, meeting obligations and
parrying dangers, ,1 do not know
what one would do if it were not for
6uch pacific corners." He spoke with
long pauses between the sentences.
"You must know a little of the irksome
labor of the world, or you would not
be here. But I doubt if you can be so
brain-weary and footsore as I am. . . .
Bah; Sometimes I doubt if the game
is worth the candle. I feel inclined to
throw the whole thing over—name,
wealth and position -and take some
modest trade. But I know if I aban
don my ambition —hardly as she uses
me—l should have nothing but remorse
left for the rest of my days."
He became silent. I looked at him
in astonishment. Ifeverlsawa man
liupelc-inly hard up it v\a:» Cti•' Mian ill
front of me. He was ragged and he
was dirty, unshaven and unkept; ho
looked as though he had been left in a
dust biu for a week. And he was talk
ing' to me of the irksome worries of a
large business. I almost laughed out
right. Either he was mad or playing
a sorry jest on his own poverty.
"If high aims and high positions,"
said I, "have their drawbacks of hard
work and anxiety, they have their
compensations. Influence, the power
of doing good, of assisting those weak
er and poorer thau ourselves; and
there i 3 even a eertain gratification in
display—"
My banter under the circumstance
was in very vile taste. I spoke on the
spur of the contrast of his appearance
and speech. I was sorry even while I
was speaking.
He turned a haggard but very com
posed face upon me. Said he: "I for-
Ji l
"I WILL HELL. IT TO YOU FOR ONE IIL'.N
--DBED POUNDS."
get myself. Of course you would not
understand."
He measured me for a moment. "No
doubt it is very absurd. You will not
believe me even when I tell you, so
that it is fairly safe to tell some one. I
really have a big business in hand, a
very big business. But there aro
troubles just now. The fact is—l make
diamonds."
"I suppose," said I, "you are out of
work just at present?"
"I am sick of being disbelieved," he
said impatiently, and suddenly unbut
toning his wretched coat he pulled
out a little canvas bag that was hang
ing by a cord round his neck. From
this he produced a brown pebble.
"I wonder if you know enough to
know what that is?" He handed it
to me.
Now, a year or so ago, J had occu
pied my leisure in taking a London
science degree, so that 1 have a smat
tering of physics and mineralogy.
The thing was not unlike an uncutdia
mond of the darker sort, though far
too large, being almost as big as the
top of my thumb. I took it and saw
it had the form of a regular octahe
dron, with the curved faces peeuliar
to the most precious of minerals. I
took out my penknife and tried to
scratch it—vainly. Leaning forward
toward the gas lamp I tried the thing
on my watch glass, and scored a white
line across that with the greatest
case.
I looked at my interlocutor with ris
ing curiosity.
"It certainly is rather like a dia
mond. IJut, if so, it is a queen of dia
monds. Where did you get it?"
"1 tell you I made it," he said. "Give
it back to me."
He replaced it hastily and buttoned
his jacket.
"I will sell it to you for one hun
dred pounds," he suddenly whispered,
eagerly.
With that my suspicions returned.
The thing might, after all, be merely
a lump of that almost equally hard
substance, corundum, with an acci
dental rescmblaace in shape to the
diamond. Or, if it was a diamond,
how came be by it. and why should he
offer it at a hundred pounds?
"How did you get it?"
"I made it."
1 had heard somethi/ig of .Moissau,
yut I his Artificial diamynd#
were very small, i snoou my Dead.
"You seem to know something of
this kind of thing. I will teil you a
little about myseVf. Perhaps then
you may think better of the pur
chase." He turned round with his
back to the river and put his hands in
his pockets. lie sighed. "I know you
will not believe me."
"Diamonds," he began—and as he
spoke his voicf dropped its flavor of
the tramp and assumed something of
the easy tone of an educated man—
"are to be made by throwing carbon
out of combination in a suitable flu*
and under a suitable pressure; the
carbon crystallizes out. not as black
lead or charcoal powder, but as small
diamonds. So much has been known
to chemists for years, but no one has
yet hit upon exactly the right flux in
which to melt up the carbon or exact
ly the right pressure for the best r<»
suits. Consequently the diamonds
made by chemists are small and dark,
and worthless as jewels. Now I, you
know, have given my life to this prob
lem—given my life to it.
"I began to work at the conditions
of diamond making when 1 was seven
teea, and now 1 am thirty-two. It
seemed to me that it might take all
the thought and energies of a man for
ten years, or twenty years, but even if
it did, the game was still worth the
candle. Suppose one to have at last
hit the right trick, before the secret
got out and diamonds became as com
mon as coal, one might realize mil
lions. Millions:"'
He paused and looked for sympathy.
His eyes shone hungrily. "To think,"
said he, "that I am on the verge of it
all, and here!
"I had," he proceeded, "about one
thousand pounds when I was twenty
one, and this, I thought, eked out by
a little teaching, would keep my re
searches going. A year or two was
spent in study, at Berlin, chiefly, aud
then I continued on my own account.
The trouble was the secrecy. You see,
if once I had let out what 1 was doing,
other men might have been spurred on
by belief in the practicability of the
idea, aud I do not pretend to be such a
genius as to have been sure of coming
in first in a race for the discovery.
And you see it was important that if I
really meant t» make a pile people
should not know it was an artificial
process and capable of turning out
diamonds by the ton. So I had to
work all alone. At first I had a little
laboratory, but as my resources began
to run out, I had to conduct my exper
iments iu a wretched, unfurnished
room in Kentish town, where I slept
at last on a straw mattress on the floor
among all my apparatus. The money
simply flowed away. 1 grudged my
self everything except scientific ap
pliances. I tried to keep things going
by a little teaching, but lam not a
very good teacher, and I have no uni
versity degree, nor very much educa
tion except in chemistry, and I found
I had to give a lot of time and labor
for precious little money. But I got
nearer and nearer the thing. Three
years ago I settled the problem of the
composition of the flux, and got near
the pressure by putting this flux of
mine and a certain carbon composition
into a elosed-up gun barrel, filling up
with water, sealing tightly and heat
ing."
He paused.
"Rather risky," said I.
"Yes. It burst and smashed all my
windows and a lot of my apparatus;
but I got a kind of diamond
nevertheless. Following out the prob
lem of getting a big pressure upon the
molten mixture from which the things
were to crystallize. I hit upon some
researches of Daubree's at the Paris
I.,aboratoire des Poudres et Saltpetres
He exploded dynamite in a tightly
screwed steel cylinder, too strong to
burst, and found he could crush rocks
into a muck not unlike the South
African bed in which diamonds are
found. It was a tremendous strain on
my resources, but 1 got a steel cylin
der made for my purpose after his pat
tern. I put in all my stuff and my ex
plosives, built up a fire in my furnace,
put the whole concern in, and—went
out for a walk."
I could not help laughing at the mat
ter-of-fact manner. "Did you not
think it would blow up the house?
Were there other people in the place?"
"It was in the interest of science,"
he said, ultimately. "There was a
costermonger family on the floor be
low, a begging letter writer in the
room behind mine and two flower
women were upstairs. Perhaps it was
a bit thoughtless. But possibly some
of them were out.
"When 1 came back the thing was
just where I left it, among f.h while
hot coals The explosion hadn't burst
the case. And then 1 had a problem
to face. You know time is an impor
tant element in crystallization. If
you hurry the process the crystals are
small—it is only by prolonged stand
ing that they grow to any size. I re
solved to let this apparatus cool for
two years, letting the temperature go
down slowly during that time And I
was now quite out of money; and with
a big lire as well as my hunger to keep
going, 1 had scarcely a penny in the
world.
"I can hardly tell you all the shifts
I was put to while I was making the
diamonds. I have sold newspapers,
held horses, and opened cab doors.
For many weeks I addressed en
velopes. I had a place as assistant to
a man who owned a harrow and used
to call down on • side of a road bed
while he calle 1 down tho other Once
for a week I had absolutely nothing to
do, anil I begged What a week that
was. One day the lire was iroing out,
and I had eaten nothing all day, and a
little chap taking his girl out gave me
a sixpence to show oil Thank heaven
for vanity! Ilow the fish-chops smelt!
But I went and spent it all on coals,
and had the furnace bright red again,
and then Well, hunger makes a
fool of a man.
"At last, three week . ag >, I let tho
fire out. I too 1 , iny cylinder and un
screwed it while it was M ill so hot that
it punished my hands, and I scraped
out the crumbling, lava-like mass with
a chisel, and hammered it into a powder
_ —3B?— :r .
'J
MSt
W ! s
"Sr.RCUIST?" 8AII) HE.
upon an iron plate. And I found three
big diamonds and five small on<?S. As
I sat on the floor hammering, my door
opened and my neighbor, the begping
letter writer, came in. He was drunk,
as he usually is. "Nerchist,* said he.
'You're drunk, 1 said I. ' VStructive
scoundrel.' said he. 'Go to your
father,' said I, meaning the father of
lies. 'Never you mind.' said he, and
jfavc uie a cunning wink, and bic
:oughed, and leaned up against the
joor post and began to babble of how
be had been prying in my room, and
how he had gone to the police that
uyrning, and of how they had taken
lowu everything' he hu.l to say—
"stKnas a #e"in,' sail! he Then I sud
leuly realized I was in a hole Either
( should have to tell these police mv
little secret anil tfet the whole thin„-
t>lovrn upon, or be as an an
irchist. So I went up to my neighbor
ind took him by the cellar, and rolled
lim about a bit. aud then 1 gathered
.jp my diamonds and cleared out. The
;veninp papers called my den the
fventish town bomb factory. And now
t cannot part with the things for love
jr money."
"If I go in to respectable jewelers
they ask me to wait, and go and whis
>er to a clerk to fetch a policeman,
ind then I say I cannot wait. And I
found out a receiver of stolen goods,
ind he simply stuck to the one I gave
lim and told me to prosecute if I
wanted it back. I am going about
sow with several hundred thousand
>ounds' worth of diamonds around my
jeck, and without either food or shel
;er. You are the first person I have
,aken into my confidence. Hut I like
four face, and I am hard driven."
He looked into my eye.
"It would be madness," said I, "for
ne to buy a diamond under the circum
ttances. Besides, Ido not carry hun-
Ireds of pounds about in my pocket,
i'et I more than half believe your
itory. I will, if you like, do this—
;ome to my office to-morrow."
"You think lam a thief," he said,
leenly. "You will tell the police. I
am not coming into a trap."
"Somehow I am assured you are no
thief. Here is my card. Take that,
inyhow. You need not come to any
ippointment. Come when you wilL"
He took the card, and an earnest of
21 y good will.
"Think belter of it and come,"
taid I.
fie shook his head doubtfully. "1
jvill pay back your half crown with
nterest some day—such interest
is will amaze you," said he. "Anyhow
fou will keep the secret Don't fol
■ow roe."
Afterward I had two letters from
»im asking me to send bank notes —
lotes, not checks—to certain ad
lrcsses. I weighed the matter over,
ind took what 1 conceived to be the
visest course. Once he called on me
vhen I was out My urchin described
lira as a thin, dirt 3' and ragged man,
vith a dreadful cough. He left no
nessage. That was the fiuisli of him
10 far as my story goes. 1 wonder
tomeiimes what has become of hitn.
sYas he an ingenious monomaniac or
i fraudulent dealer in pebbles, or has
le really made diamonds, as he as
lerted? The latter is just sufficiently
•.redible to make me think at times
hat I have missed the most brilliant
>pportunity of my life He may, of
:ourse, be dead, and his diamonds
farcies dy thrown a>ide—one, 1 repeat,
ivas almost as bi-f as iny thumb. Or he
nay be still wandering about trying
jo sell the things. It is just possible
diat he may yet emerge upon society,
ind passing athwart my heavens in
:hc serene altitude sacred to the
wealthy and the well advertised, re
jroaeli me silently for my want of en
:eipri:e. 1 sometimes think I might
i • • 'iav • r five pound-*. Pall
COINS OF LITTLE USE.
The Gold Dollar li»<l No I'tlllty, Whit*
the Three-Cent I'lece Served » Purpose.
To one who has not given the sub
ject thought it would seem that tho
most useless coins ever issued by the
United Stutes were the nit-re*
cent pieces. They were small, as thin
as a sheet of tnanilla paper and before
they finally disappeared from circula
tion they came to be regarded as
nuisances.
Although there is much to be said
against the annoying little coins, says
the New York Herald, they were, as a
matter of fact, of far greater utility,
as far as circulation is concerned, than
another coin. This is the gold dollar,
which, experts at the sub-treasury say,
has never served any useful purpose.
Said Maurice Muhleman, cashier of
the sub-treasury, recently:
"From the mutilated condition of
the gold dollars sent here for redemp
tion it is positively shown that the
public do not regard them as coins.
Their only use appears to be for ban
gles, necklaces, watch charms, scarf
pins and the like. It is doubtful if one
in a thousand ever really passed in
circulation.
"With the three-cent silver piece, it
was different. When ilrst coined, the
country had nothing in the shape of a
coin between the huge copper cents
and half cents and the silver half
dime. The small coin was hailed as a
blessing, and became popular at once.
There was an excellent reason for its
issue also.
"Strange as it may seem, it was not
provided for by a coinage act, but by
an act revising the postal rates. Thia
law lowered the cost fo. transmitting
the unit of weight for letters from fiv(S
to three cents. 11 was deemed advisable
by congress thereupon to issue a coin
of corresponding denomination. The
coin was of great utility, and circulated
freelv until the advent of the nickel."
A Slight Oinlmlon.
"Pensill, our designer, made a had
break in that last design of a folding
bed he got out for us," said the furni
ture manufacturer
"What was the matter with it?"
"Well, he got the writing desk and
book case and piano and wardrobe and
refrigerator parts in all rh'ht, hut
when we got the blamed thing to
gether, we found he had left the bed
part out."—Truth.
Another lirlfjht Star.
Prison Missionary—l hope that you
will not go back to your old ways when
your term expires.
Burglar Itill—No need to. My pie
tur' has been printed in nil th' papers,
an' I'm famous.
"Alas! You aro not famous. You
aip notorious."
•It's all the same, financially speak
in'. I'll go on the stage."—N. Y.
Weekly.
Faatldloun.
Customer (examining samples o{
false teeth)— Will you kindly retire
from the room while I am looking
these over?
Dentist —Why do you object to my
being present?
Customer —You know it isn't eti
quette to be seen picking one's teeth
in the presence of others. Boston
News.
From n rrnfrftiilonttl StHii'lpolnt.
Young Mother (whose baby has been
weighed by the butcher) —And how
much does the little fellow weigh, Mr.
Bull winkle?
Butcher —Twenty pounds, mum.
Young Mother —Isn't he a splendid
specimen?
Butcher (dubiously)— Well, from my
p'ints of view, mum, he runs too much
to suet. —Tit-Bits.
The Ilruon for the Sllenoe.
"Is it true, as Squilters says, that
there's always a breathless silence in
tho room when ho makes a speech?"
"Yes—after he get- wanned up to it.
You see there's bound to he a little
noise at first, when ail tlie people are
getting out of the room."--Chicago
Record.
I'ri»pi»r«M| for Urn Wnrit.
"Now," said the physician who U
noted for his heavy charges, "I must
take your teipperatuiv
"All right," resp >.id I the patient iu
a tone of utter re ■.'nation "You've
got about everything else I own.
There's no reason why you shouldn't
take that, too."—Washington Star.
ABOUT SWEET CLOVER.
>'oxloai Weed In tho North, For»|t
riant In the South.
In a recent bulletin Prof. Goff de
scribes sweet elover as a noxious weed.
It is extremely common in many north
ern states, abounding in waste places,
along roadsides and to some extent in
fields. It is and tall, resembling
alfalfa somewhat, although much
coarser. The leaves are large and suc
culenL It is extremely fragrant when
in bloom and is an excellent honey
plant.
In most of the west and central west
as well as iu llie northern states it Is
regarded as a nuisance.but Prof. Tracy
finds that it is valuable for reclaiming
waste land, as it grows not only upon
rich soil, but thri*-»s on the poorest
kind of land. The large roots contain
a vast number of tubercles which aid
largely in enriching the soiL Prof.
Goff says: "The decay of all the large
roots not only supplies plant food but
aids in draining the land by forming
numerous narrow passages through
which the soil water ttnds au outlet"
In the south, however, this clover is
regarded as a useful forage plant. Al
though not eaten by cattle at first,
they soon learn to relish it If cut
earl3'it is there regarded as valuable
as cow pea, red clover or Japan clover
hay. Its great value there, however,
consists in its power to renovate the
soil, doing for tho south in this line
what red clover does for the north.
Prof. Goff. however, states that, ad
mitting it has useful qualities, the
sweet clover is a coarse, homely plant,
and where permitted to grow its tall
flower stalk is certainly offeusive to
the eye, and the annoyance it causes
would v. arrant its destruction. It
should not be allowed to bloom or ma
ture seed. This plant is easily got rid
of in cultivated fields, a single year
being sufficient to remove it if the
work is carefully done.—Prof. L. H.
Pammel, lowa Agricultural College.
THE HORSE NETTLE.
A Troublesome Weed aud Direction* for
Exterminating It.
The well-known horse nettle (Solan
um Carolinense) is apparently spread
ing in the northern states, though not
as fast as some of the annual ones.
Horse nettle is a native, from Con
necticut south to Florida and west to
Texas. I have seen it very abundant
in central Illinois and in southern and
central Missouri, occurring not only
along roadsides, but in the streets of
cities, on vacant lots and too often in
cultivated fields, where it docs great
injury to crops.
Its common name does not indicate
that this weed is closely related to the
cultivated potato, but the botanical
name of tho genus shows close rela
tionship. An examination of its flowers
will show that they much resemble
those of the potato, being bluish or
whitish in color. The berry, common
ly called the "seed," also resembles
that formed on the potato. The leaves
have large prickles on the midrib and
JUL
THE UOKSE NETTLE.
some of the large lateral ribs. They
are also slightly hairy. The stem is
beset with numerous stout prickles.
Many of the related plauts of this
genus are annuals, but horse nettle is
n deep-rooted perennial, its roots often
extending three feet or more into the
soil. This fact makes it a very tena
cious weed, very difficult to exter
minate. For this reason the weed
grows in dense patches, which are
carefully avoided by stock in pastures.
I would advise plowing the land at
this time, allowing none of the leaves
to appear. The plants should be kept
down the succeeding year. Plow the
ground again next summer. Sow
thickly with rye and keep watch of
the nettle, allowing none to grow.
Careful work for two seasons should
remove it.—Prof. L H. Paminel, Agri
cultural College, lowa.
Applying Anhru to th« S<»11.
The quantity of ashes that should
be applied to the acre must depend on
the soil and crops cultivated. Potatoes,
turnips and all roots—clover, lucern,
peas, beans and the grasses are great
exhausters of the salts, and they are
consequently much benefited by ashes.
They are used with decided advantage
for the above crops in connection with
bone dust; and for clover, peas and
roots, their effects are much enhanced
when mixed with gypsum. Light soils
should have a smaller, and rich lands
or clays a heavier, dressing. From 13
to 15 bushels per acre for the former
and 30 for the latter is not too much;
or, if they ure leached, the quantity
may bo increased one-half, as they act
with less energy.
Irrigation liy t'w of Windmill*.
Irrigation by the use of windmills U
receiving attention in ail sections.
There arc now eight journals devoted
to irrigation. As a remedy against
drought the storage of water for uso
when it is most needed will at sotno
day be a portion of the work of suo
cessful agriculturists. Necessity is in
ducing invention in the storage ol
water, and already large market gar
dens are being partially supplied by
windmills, though the rains aro de
pended upon for the larger share of
moisture during growth.
He stopped ot a small and elegant place,
Down by the sounding sea:
And later he said.
As he rubbed his head:
"You can't hardly tell by the size of the house,
What the size of the bills will be."
—Detroit Free Dress.
POI,ITIC*L ITEM.
J '
"lie ha:, about decided to run and is
In the hands of his friends." —<>ood
BowU.
M JK CTOCR >
CUTTER FOR ROOTS.
Althongh a ilomrmale Article It Pot
*«*»»•»«•* M any (ioo.l Total*.
Rural New Yorker thus describes a
homemade root cutter seen in the barn
of au ingenious young farmer:
Two pieces of 2 by 4 ash scantling
are nailed together in the form of an
X. Two of these X's are used for the
frame. Cleats nailed across the bot
tom hold the frame and serve for the
support of the box A, which is under the
cylinder to catch the cut roots. Tl»e
end pieces are V shaped and made of 3
inch plank, with a hole for the cylinder
to turn in. Inch boards, C C, are used
\ G
A HOMKMADE ROOT CUTTER.
to side up the hopper. The shaft is
made of a turned hard wood stick and
Is 0 inches in diameter. The cutters
are made of heavy band iron, which is
ground to an edge on one side. They
are shaped like a staple, and after the
ends are driven into the shaft are lJi
inches wide and 1 inches high.
There are 13 cutters placed in diagonal
rows, inches apart and the same
distance from the ends or sides. The
distance between the sides of the hop
per and cutters is about one-half inch.
There is no bottom to the hopper, the
cylinder occupying its place. The hop
per holds about one-half bushel, and
the roots can all be placed in at once.
A balance wheel would help in turn
ing-
FEEDING CALVES.
Practical Otrectlona for Raising the
Young; Creatures by the Pall.
Don't overfeed, especialy for the flr«t
ten days.
Don't expect the calves to thrive if
the pails are not washed every day and
occasionally .scalded.
Don't stop the new milk ration too
quickly or too abruptly; gradually
change to old milk, with linseed meal
porridge.
Don't forget a lump of chalk or clay
sod to lick when in stable, as an anti
dote to acidity; in a state of nature
they get to the soil directly, and con
sume more or less daily.
Don't neglect the feed box. Get
them started to eat as soon as pos
sible, and by keeping manger sweet
and clean encourage them to eat aa
much as possible. As with the palls,
so should the manger be scalded oo
casionallv.
Don't forget that the calf requires a
ration to grow bone and muscle as well
Don't expect corn to supply all that
the calf requires in shape of grain.
Remember it is food rich in nitrogen
ous elements that will supply that
which is most wanted, such as oats,
bran, p«as and linseed cake with
clover hay. „
Don't ever let it slip the memory or
practice that to be grown profitably
there must be no let up from day of
birth to the block; one day unproflta
bly spent, or in which there is no in
crease, will take the profit of three
days to simply pay for its keep that
day.—Live Stock Journal.
Th® Scleuoo of Feeding.
Iu artificial feeding of cattle the
flesli-forining and heat-producing elo
ments should bear a given relation
ship to each other, according to the
Beason. If a cow is not in milk she
may not need any more albuminoids
than in warm weather; but she will
need more heat-producing food. Hut
when she is In inilk she will require a
much larger proportion of album
inoids; so that to keep up the flow of
milk she must receive those kinds of
food in which albuminoids bear 4
larger proportion, as compared with
heat producing materials. These
kinds of food would be meal of va
rious kinds and grains generally, oil
cake, cotton cake and hoy cut a little
under ripe. Farmers' Voice.
Feeding Wheat to Hogg.
I have the following report of an ex
periment of feeding wheat to hogs,
says a Miamisburg corresponded of
the Northwestern Miller. Twenty-one
shoats were fed for a week on wheat.
The weight of the hogs when feeding
began was I.W'.H) pounds, and at the end
of the first week it was 3,345 pounds,
showing a gain of 355 pounds. The
amount of wheat fed was 12 bushels.
These liogs nre sold, to be delivered
September 15, at $4. «0 j>er 100 pounds.
This shows a gain of $10.56, or 81.38 per
bushel for wheat. This wheat is
soaked for 24 hours before being fed.
About half our crop is going to be fed
to stock, as there will be very little
corn.
KEEP the cultivator going and tho
surface of tho ground frequently
stirred in all the growing crops. This
not only keeps tho weeds at bay. but
also lets the heat into the soil, and
through that agency forces along the
growth. That "tillage is manure"
may not be quito true, yet it greatly
aids the growth of plants.
PURSLAIKE (purslcy) is hard to kill,
and has millions of seeds. It grows
very rapiJly, andean only be eradicat
ed by constant wai fare on it.
The March of Progress.
Stranger—l hear that the long feud
between tho Willinghamsandthe Clay
ridges has at last been amicably settled
forever.
Native —Yes, sail! What was tho use
in keeping it up when both families,
sail, bought complete outfits of bullet
proof clothing?— Puck.
A Paradox.
Though wo boast of modern progress as aloft
wo proudly soar,
Above untutored cannibals whose habits w«
deplore,
Yet In our dally papers any day you chance to
look
You may find this advertisement: "Wanted—
A girl to cook."
-Ida Goldsmith Morris. In Judge.
On the Koad to Karae.
Artist- I sold four pictures yester
day.
Friend—What are you going to do
with the money?
"I think I'll buy o frame for another
picture I'm working on." —Town Top
ics.
He Haw the Point.
"Now I see the point," said tho hap
less dog to the barbed wire fenco that
he ran against.
"Yes, I thought you would," said the
fence. "I tried to Impress it upon you."
—N. Y. World.
Good Cause.
Tho maiden smiled, as well she might.
For there beside her sat
A youth who owned In his own right
A sixteen-story flat.
> r o ! 2
MAN-EATERS OF THE PACIFIC,
Sharks That Arc the Dread of the Cali
fornia f'lsheruieu.
The true uian-eater bhark as taken
on the Pacific coast is known only as a
man-cater Tlie shovel-nosed sharks
arc sand sharks, too cowardly toattack
even a yellow dog. The thirty-four
foot shark, captured by some fisher
men, of the true man-eater variety
(careharodon carcharins). seemed brave
enough and savage enough to attack
anything within its reach. This mon
ster's mouth was wide, the teeth long
and sharp, with an inward incline.
The stomach would hold a full-grown
man easily and a good deal besides.
The tish became entangled in a net ofl
Point Lama. Two boats attacked the
vicious creature and finally succeeded
in punching an iron into vitals. Th«
elde of one bxit was stove in by a blow
forcible enough to knock one fisherman
overboard.
These sharks, says the New York
Tribune, have been known to attack a
small boat, upset it and eat the oars
man. A man-eater over forty-two feel
long has been reported below Sat:
Diego. The natives are said to live in
fear of this awful fish,which already hai
the record of having eaten six men. II
has been shot frequently. The water
about it has been discolored with blood.
Yet the shark still lives. The tiger
shark is as ferocious as the man-eater.
Another large shark hereabouts is the
basking shark. It is taken measuring
fifteen to forty feet in length. The
skin of one thirty-two feet long is at
Stanford University museum. It was
captured last March. This skin alone
weighs over fifteen hundred pounds,
while the shark's liver produced one
hundred and eighty gallons of oil.
These sharks, however, are sluggish,
lazy and do not bite people. Their
gill-rakers are on the whale model.
When entangled in a net they fre
quently suffocate, as the net restrict!
the gills.
California fishermen do not consider
five-foot sharks of much account when
from San Diego wharves black sea bass
are caught six to eight feet long,
weighing three hundred to five
hundred pounds. Such fish arc
common. They are taken on shark
hooks and clotheslines. When hooked
the fish is allowed to swim about thq
bay towing a two-inch plank. When
he is exhausted the line is hauled in
aud the fish killed with an ax.
COST OF THE CRIMEAN WAR.
John Hull l'tld hu Enormous Price to Keep
Russia Out of Turkey.
On July 12, 1850>, the Crimea was final
ly evacuated by the British forces after
the war of over two years, says Spare
Moments. All the remaining stores
and the establishments having been
embarked, a company of the Fiftieth
British regiment was posted outside
the town of Balaclava to receive the
Russian troops, and on their approach
marched in with tlio Russian guard,
which was composed of about fifty
mounted Cossacks and a similar num
ber of Cossack infantry. The usual
salute took place, the Russians placeq
sentinels where they wished, and tho
English troops marched on board 0.
M. S. Algiers. Gen. Sir William John
Codrfngton, chief in command of thci
forces in the Crimea, and who died in
1881, embarked with his personal staff
at the same time. During this war the
British lost 3,500 killed in action Ofj
died from their wounds; 4,244 of
cholera, and nearly 10,000 who suc
cumbed to other diseases, making |i
total of 23,744, of whom 270 were offi
cers, and besides these 2,873 w ere dis
abled. The loss of French alP.es was
estimated at 03,500 men, while the loss
of the Russians on the opposite 6ide
was reckoned as high as 500,000 men.
The war added to the British national
debt over 5200,000,000. Notwithstand
ing the enormous amount expended
Britain asked from Russia no pecunia
ry compensation, nor gained one inch
of lund; but the defeat of the Russians
kept them out of Constantinople and
inado the way to India and the east
clear. The memoirs of Earl Russell,
show that it would have secured for
the Turkish empire much internal ben
efit if the French hod been as disinter
ested as the British, and not required
in that case some territory for them
selves.
The Women ta Blame.
Prof. Poyl, the ethnologist, recently
described to the Asiatic society the
condition of the head-hunting Nagas
on the borders of Assam. Tho women
are to blame for the continuance QI
the practice; they taunt tho youugmen
who are not tattooed, and the latter go
out and cut off heads to exhibit tq
them, fully half of which aro those of
women and children. The area occur
pied by the tribe is not more than
twenty miles square, but in it during
the past forty years more than twelve
thousand murders have been commit
ted for the sako of these ghastly tro
finies.
She Wanted the Real Tiling.
Several years ago a celebrated tra
gedian was announced to play "Ham
let" at Windsor. When he came to the
soliloqm- he made an unusual pouso
after "To be—" The queen, believing
that he had forgotten Ills lines, instant
ly prompted—"or not to be. That is
the question." "By your leave, yotir
majesty," said the tragedian, put out
of courtly humor by the Interruption,
"that is not the question. The ques
tion is my method of interpretation."
''Never mind your method," returned
the queen, smilingly; "what we want
s Shakespeare."
Irresistible.
Book-canvassers should take courage
from a story told by an English lectur
er on "TWe Art of Bookbinding."
A mau of their profession had called
at a house whose occupant met him
with a growl.
"It's no use to inc. I never read."
"But there's your family," said the
canvasser.
"Ilaven't any family—nothing but a
cat."
"Well, you may want something to
tArow at the cat."
Tho book was purchased.
Not a Safe Juryman.
"I should like to be excused, youi
honor," said a man who had been sum
moned on the jury.
"What for?"
"I owe a man ten dollars and wish te
hunt him up and pay it."
"Do you mean to tell the court thai
you would hunt up a man to pay a bill
instead of waiting for him to hunt yon
up?"
"Yes, yotir honor."
"Y'ou aro excused. I don't want any
man on tho iiry that will lio likfl
that." —Bostoir Bulletin.
Unfortunate ll*ure or Speech.
"Gentlemen," said tho chairman oj
the anarchist meeting, "in my judg
ment the time has not yet come for ac
tion in this matter. If you resolve to
go ahead, gentlemen, I wash my bandi
in the whole bus—"
It was at this point the disturbance
took place, and when the police restored
order there was seen a large, jagged
holo In tho window back of the plat,
form, through which the chairman had
retired from the scene, head first.—Chi'
cuffo Tribune.
A I .ant Hesort.
Jltnaou (confidentially)— Say, do you
hear that young woman singing?
Policeman —1 should remark.
"Sho lives next door to me. Say!"
"Well, say it."
"I'll give you a box of tho best clgarj
ever smuggled if you'll rush into that
framxa and YVkttb VfilSff