VOL XXXI
WILL YOU BE ONE
TO READ THIS AD.
AND ACT PROMPTLY.
EVERY ITEM IS A LEADER.
MenVfeit boots And over* $1.85. I Boy's good oolid bout* *iK»« 1 to 5 95c.
Men'* gnod buckel arctie* 95 I Men'n n Tent tor felt boots $1.15 «nd $1.25,
—Mw'i good solid bo<>ts $1 50. I If en's pood solid working oboes 95.
Men's fine dress shoes lace or CoDgre.-s $1 25.
THE NEW SHOE STORE LEADING THEM ALL.
Ladies' kid button shoes tip or plain 95. | Ladies' good oil grain button $1 00.
Ladies' groin button shoes heel or spring 95 I Ladie»' kip lace shoes 95.
Hisses' kid bntton shoes spring heel 95: | Ladles' tine rubbers 25.
ALL RUBBER GOODS REDUCED
AT
THE NEW SHOE STORE.
215 S. Main Street, f U If IT T I'D
Opposite Arlington Hotel, U. L. iuILLDII.
Sweeping Reductions liave been Hade on all
Winter Clothing, Overcoats, Underwear, Cap, etc.
Our business has been very successful since our opening nine
months ago, leaving us a lot of odds and ends, which are ALL
NEW and which we are willing to sell at a sacrific rather than
carry them over.
Be sure and see us before you buy if you want to save money.
Wishing you all a Happy New Year.
We are Yours Respectfully,
DOUTHETT & GRAHAM.
Cor. Main & Cunningham Sts.
BUTLER, PA.
The 0. W. HARDMAN Art Company Limited.
GROUND FLOOR STUDIO.
Finest and most artistic photographs. Hand made portraits a
specialty. Picture and portrait frames. If conscientions work is of
any value to you have the same done here.
Beware of tramp artists and irresponsable parties and strangers
who are tramping through the county soliciting your orders.
Stndio, 118 North Main St, Butler, Pa.
BICKEL'S
SPECIAL I ANNOUNCMENT.
I have placed on our bargain counter a line of boots and shoes which
will be closed out at a sacrifice for the next thirty days.
Among this line will be found greater bargains
than have ever been offered.
Call and examine these gu.ids whether you wish tu buy or not
Ladies fine Dougola sh'iea regjUr price $3.50 now $2
2 7ft at 1 25
" Calf fb'wa $1 m 1 SO.
" o'l grain »»h tee $1 1 50
fine xpring heel 9" c- $1 25
" heel shoes 50 c-ots.
" school sboe» 75 C T « t" sl.
Men" Hand mad» hog toe b •<>•« $3.
plrtin '<>- t.-M.lr #2.50.
Mens fi.e r»lf hurt- at $2.
" tthoert at $1 5»
Boys fine c»K shoe* at $1 25 And manv other bargains.
Our line of HOLIDAY GOODS is more complete than ever before,
consisting of many new and pretty styles in SLIPPKR.S. Now
what is more appropriate for a fine present than a beautiful
pair of SLIPPERS, and by visiting our store you will
have the best assortment to select from and at
prices lower than any other store in the coun
ty. Be sure to call and examine our
goods before selecting a XMAS PRESENT.
Boston, Woonsocket, Goodvear, Glove, Bay State and Snag Pivot
Boots at Bickel's.
Mens first quality robber boot* 12 25
Boys " •' 150.
Mens knee boots $2 50
Mens Storm King boots $2.75.
Fireman robber boots («»itr* high) $3
Tooths robber boots $1 25
Cbilds " 100
Women* robher hoot* 1.00
Ladi«*t< finf specialty rubiwrn 40 war
" crcqoetti 25 cents.
Misses rob»>ers 25 cents.
Meue specialty rubber* 50 t-i 65 cunts.
Mens buckle Annie sl.lO.
Mens Alaskan 75 cents.
W omens buckle Arctics 75cents
Mens best felt boots $2
Wi; nave 100 pair mens high b »ot* (rubber > >t.-) V t 10 11, regu
lar price $3 50 *-hicb will b> $2 p-r pu<* d«j<-ing this snie.
When in need of footwear give me a call.
JOHN BICKEL.
128 SOUTH MAIN STREET BUTLER, PENN'A.
"A FAIR FACE MAY PROVE A FOUL BAR
GAIN." MARRY A PLAIN GIRL IF SHE USES
SAPOLIO
W wuHj I>r. Tali's ASTMMALEKE c<> ni... i.) i i'iam or ,
rVJU a d«*roy j < hc> spcciUc Miliaria powon In post-offlce address we mail 1
<iaa ! ' Mood. gives ft night a ffiv-.x t t.l-gp and <I.ICEM trial buttle ■■■» mb p
■■MH ajxd prove ■■ Uk L
M. MM H k ▼ j WW A n to you thatg VI bb
■ ■ 14 If Mil ASTHMALENE
't' you n-M not D'-T i«ct yo»u- buaaiue >= or sit -jj. .J '
ng t: L. t for brxitfa for fear of suiroea' v.. wl " an does cure asthma
*r. r n j fcv all drucgists. 0B TAfT BSC? » OiCINE CO., ROCHESTER. H. Y.
*tO'J \i OJ'lv di uii kiliii iioliC'
at the "Citizen Office.'
THE BUTLER CITIZEN.
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
G. Mi ZIMMERMAN.
raraiciAN AND SURUEON.
omce at No. «, S. Main street, over Frank
Co's Ut off Store. Butler. Fa.
Dr. N. M. HOOVER,
187 K. Waune St.. ofllce hours, lrt fo tt M. an'i
to 3 P. M.
SAMUEL M. BIPPUS.
Physician and Surgeon.
200 West Cunningham 9t.
L. BLACK,
PHYSICIAN AMD SUBUBON.
\-e w TVutaian BnUdlng. Butler. Pa.
, K. I.EAKK. M. U. J. K M.. •
specialties: jtpetialUts;
tij uajcolosi "nd Sur- Eye. K»r, Nose a •
gery. TtoroaU
DRS. LEAKE & MANN,
Butler, Pa.
J. J. DONALDSON, Dentist.
Butler, Penn'a.
Artitlclal Teetn in»erie»i on tne latest IU.
.r..»ed plan. Gold KUUUK a specialty, onicr
■ ver Scnaul's clotlunn Store.
V. ivicALPINE,
Dentist,
s now located in new and elesant rooms au
jolnlUK uts former oneb. All klnila ol
plates and moderen EOld work.
"Gas Administered."
DR. S. A. JOHNSTON.
DENTIST, - - BUTLER, PA.
Gold Ft lling Painless Extraction of Teeth
aud Artlßcial Teeth without Plates a specialty
Nitrous Oxide or Vitalized Air or Local
\ na-stUetles used.
Offlce over Millers Grocery east of Lowr>
House.
office closed Wednesdays au 1 Thursdays
IRA McJUNKIN.
Attorney at Law, Offlce at No. 17. Kast.rJeller
sou St , Butler, Pa,
W. C. FINDLEY,
Attorney at Law and Keal Estate Agent. Oi
sice rear of 1.. Z. Mitchell's omce on norf h sldt
ul iilamona. Butler. Pa.
H. H. GOUGHER.
\itoriicy-at-law. Office on necond l»oor <
oaersoD building, near Court House.. Butle/
J. W HUTCHISON,
ATTOKNEY AT LAW.
oflice ou second floor Jl the Iluselton oiuck,
iainond, Butler, l'a., Koom No. 1.
S. H. PIERSOL.
ATTOP.NKV AT LAW.
Office at No. 1(M West Diamond St.
A. T. BLACK.
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Room F„ Armory Building, Butler, Pa
COULTER & BAKER.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
Office In room 8., >rmory Building, Bullet
Pa.
H. Q. WALKER,
Attorney-at-Law—Office in Diamond Block
Butler, Pa.
J. M. PAINTER,
Attorney-at-Law.
Office—Between Pootoffice and Diamond, Bu
ler. Pa.
A. T. SCOTT,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW.
office at No. 8. South Diamond, Butler, Fa.
A. M. CHRISTLEY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
offlce second floor, Anderson B1 k, Main St.
near Court House. Butler. Pa.
NEWTON BLACK.
Att'y at Law—Offlce on South side ot Diamon
-utter. Pa.
C. F. L. McQUISTION,
EXGIXEEIt AND SURVEYOR,
Orrics MKAB DIAMOND . BUTI.BR, PA.
L McJUNKIN,
Insurance and Real Estate A g'l
17 EABT JEFFERSON ST.
HUTLER. - PA.
L. C- WICK
DSALKB IN
Rough and Worked Lumbet
OP ALL XIHDS
Doors, Sash, Blinds, Mouldings
Shingles and Lath
Always in Stock.
LIME. HAIR AND PLASTER
Offlce opposite P. <fc W. Depot,
BUTLBR
Plaining Mill
-AND
Lumber Yard
. L. PU KVifc. I . O. PI B V Its
S. 6. Purvis & Co.
MANUFACTURKBtt AND OBALBBB 19
Rough and Planed Lumber
OF BVCHY DKt>( KIPTION,
BHLNGLES, LATH
& SEWER PIPE.
Butler, Po.
[Copyright. iSt)}. by A. N Kellojg NewspaperCo
CHAPTER XXV.
BROKEN FETTERS
I As lie came forward, he seemed not
;to sec me nor Coralie. The judge
■ greeted him cordially, by name, and it
! was evident that they were old friends.
"When did yon arrive in tovrn?" ho
j asked.
"Within an honr. by rail from Vicks
! burg. I was on my way to Donaldson
ville and beyond, and was amazed to
learn on the street of the death of the
man I was going to see and the na
ture of the case you are investigating.
Here is a paper which I fancy will
be of great importance."
fie took a folded paper from a long
pocketbook and laid it before the
judge. While the latter was reading
it, Mr. Dorion stepped down and heart
ily greeted us. My lawyer had caught
the name and, leaning over, whis
pered:
"What's your evidence, sir?"
"Wait a moment." was the reply,
given with a peculiar smile. "I reckon
you'll be satisfied with it."
The judge finished reading the pa
per, and called to Mr. Dorion. They
had a brief whispered conversation.
Then the lawyers were called up to-
SLLJ A
MR. DORIOX HKAKTILY GREETED US.
gether and permitted to read the pa
per, the judge adding some comments
in a low voice. As they returned to
their seats, I saw Mr. Garnett's face
wreathed with smiles.
"You're safe," be whispered.
I looked at Conrad. The face of the
fiend never shone out more plainly in
a human countenance than in his, as
his lawyer communicated to him the
startling news.
"I have been made acquainted with
such additional and surprising disclos
ures," said the judge, in a voice which
the whole room heard, "as make it, in
™y judgment, both proper and nec
essary to end this case here, so far as
relates to the charge of abduction of a
slave. The gentleman who has just
come into court is the owner and occu
pant of the plantation in Mississippi
formerly occupied by the deceased.
Pierce Bostock. In a secret drawer of
an old bureau left in that house when
he returned to Louisiana; Mr. Dorion,
only a few days since, found this pa
per. It purports to be the last will
and testament of Pierce Bostock, exe
cuted by him December 9, 1853. It
frees and manumits the person de
scribed in it as 'my beloved daughter
Coralie, child of the late Louise Bou
fant,' and then proceeds to devise and
bequeath to her all his estate, real and
personal, wherever situated. lie names
his 'unworthy son, Conrad. 1 only to
declare that he has by hisunfilial con
duct and his long confirmed evil courses
forfeited all right to any part of the
testator's property more than he has
already received."
"That instrument has never been
established," Conrad's lawyer inter
rupted.
"I am aware of that; aud it cannot
be, in this court. But there is reason
to think that it can be legally estab
lished in the proper tribunal. Mr.
Dorion pronounces the signature of
Pierce Bostock genuine. There are
three witnesses, as the law of Missis
sippi requires—all of whom, strangely
enough, are also dead, as Mr. Dorion
informs me. But he pronounces all
these signatures genuine, and he says
that numerous witnesses in that vicin
ity will swear to them.
"If this instrument is the legal act
of the late Mr. Bostock, not only is
Coralie Bonfaut named in it a free
woman, but she is at this moment the
rightful owner of her father's immense
estate.
"Whether it will stand in law, or
not, I have no authority to decide.
Other courts must settle that question.
And it would be improper and absurd
for me to attempt to pass upon the
charge brought here against Dorr Jew
ett until this instrument has been
legally examined and-pronounced upon.
"I have examined it and considered
it far enough to see that a very strong
case can be made for its legality, with
all that would result from it. The
charge that is here made is premature,
to say the least; nor do 1 think that, in
any event, the defendant has been
guilty of anything more than a tech
nical violation of the statute. Ihj is
discharged; also the lady."
The judge smiled graciously upon us.
Mr Garnett capered about the bar, and
Mr. Dorion renewed his greetings,
mingled with congratulations. The
popular anger had now turned upon
Conrad Bostock. and he aud his friends
withdrew by a rear door, to escape be
ing hustled. The fickle multitude pro
posed to give me a triumphant ride on
their shoulders, and it was with some
difficulty that I escaped their attentions.
We sadly needed rest, quiet and the
company of friends after the tremen
dous excitement of the last few days;
and these we found at the hotel with
Mr. Dorion and his eldest daughter.
CHVPTfcK XX VL
I.AST WORDS.
That Pierce Bostock executed the
will aud article of manumission before
leaving Mississippi, that he secreted
it in his house, forgot to take it with
him. apparently forgot the fact that he
had done it, and never mentioned it to
anybody, were things that, to my mind,
were perfectly consistent with his con
dition of mind after the deed The
witnesses, Mr. Dorion said, were ob
scure white men of the vicinity It
was not necessary for them to know,
and they doubtless were not informed
as to the character of the instrument,
any more than that it was a last will and
testament. They were not men much
giveu to gossip, and Mr. Bostock could
easily satisfy theni not to mention the
circumstance. Ills extreme caution in
secreting the paper was a natural part
of the terror and dread of disclosures
about Coralie which possessed him
after the duel. That the will was his
deliberate act appeared when it was
seen that he. not being a lawyer, had
informed himself as to how to execute
it legally The proof was very strong
that his mind failed sadly after his re-
S£Zt{ tU i- a ayi tbo
HUTLER. PA.. FRIDAY. ,1 ANUAKY 12, 1894.
evening before he died, he was full of
anxiety to execute another paper, it is
Ewe u.i strange to me that he had
forgotten the one secreted in the old
Mississippi home.
This is my theory Hut I should add
that lawyers have argued long and
learnedly over this branch of the case,
and that judges have written opinions
sustaining it.
I take from my closet a Clc of the
New Orleans Daily Picayune for the
years ISSJMSO. In those feverish times
little else but heated politics and the
alarming condition of the nation was
seriously talked or read about, but
among the things of local interest most
often mentioned by the press of the
southern metropolis was the great suit
at law of Coralie .Jewett against Con
rad Bostock, involving the novel pre
liminary- question as to whether the
plaintiff was a free woman and en
titled to sue—and. after that, the title
to the La Fourche plantation, its slaves
and belongings and all other property
left bv the late Pierce Bostock.
Could man give higher proof than I
did of faith in the justice of his cause?
Before the suit v.-;: . begun I married
the woman who by the decision might
be declared a slave!
I have said that the law of Louisiana
was cruel to such as she. Let me
hasten to add that in the end it gave
her a full measure of justice.
The light was a bitter one and pro
longed for more than two years. The
defendant was in possession and was
ably represented. And brisk little Mr.
Garnett, on our side, had an oppor
tunity to become acquainted with the
"best lawyers of Louisiana."
The reader will not require me to
give the details of this great legal con
test. He can find them in the Missis
sippi and Louisiana reports of the time.
So large a public interest is rarely
excited in a civil cause. Sympathy was
largely in our favor, the exceptions
being of that class which could not
bear the thought that a woman born a
slave should become the owner of one
of the finest plantations in the state.
But Coralie's romantic story had won
the ardent people of that section to
her support, and frequent proffers of
material help in the struggle were
made to us. The generous friendship
of Mr. Dorion enabled us to thankfully
decline them.
In the last days of 1860 we were en
tirely successful. Courts and juries
were with us. Possession was given
to my wife the day before Christmas of
that year: and such a holiday carnival
as was given to our overjoyed and af
fectionate "people"' upon the occasion,
I think the whole state could not
elsewhere show. The Dorion family
cai-e down to enjoy the festivities.
Miss Celeste bringing Mr. Simon Bar
not along, whom she had given (as she
expressed it) the legal right to abuse
her.
Conrad Bostock disappeared; where,
it can only be conjectured. Rumors of
men shot in gambling affrays at Mat
amoras reached us in such a way that
we supposed him to be among them;
but his fate, or whether he is yet alive,
are matters of the greatest uncer
tainty.
The happiness of Coralie and I was
rudely broken by the fctorm of civil
war. To few was the situation more
painful than to me. Of northern
birth, attached to the union by habit
and early education, all my interests,
my ties and associations were at the
south. I did as ethers did. I "went
with my state." Heavily, indeed, was
the ruthless hand of war laid upon us.
Hostile parties met upon our lands,
buildings were destroyed, crops
trampled down, stock driven off.
Those years were years of desolation
and terror.
And all this, thank God, has passed
away. Peace smiles again; sectional
hate and passion are disappearing: the
union is supreme, and the old flag is
venerated at the south. Slavery has
perished, with all in it that was good,
and all that was bad. As I look upon
the new order of things, much that I
have written seems like a dream.
Here is our happy home, under the
florid sun, upon the teeming soil of
southern Louisiana. Yet I love to tell
my children of the glory of our whole
vast land. I love to take them up to
rocky New Hampshire, to show them
where their father lived and dreamed
in his youth, and to make them ac
quainted with the rugged character
and simple virtues of the people among
whom he was reared. I teach them at
least the spirit of the New England
poet's noble verse;
"The pine must whisper to the palm.
The north wind break the tropic calm.
Ami with the dreamy languor of the tine
The north's keen virtue blend, and strength to
beauty join."
[THE EXD.]
SLOT MACHINES.
One of the Mont Novel or Them In Ten
Thousand Year* Old.
Probably one of the latest appliances
of the principle governing the opera
tion of the slot machine is found in
the hot water fountains which have
been brought out in France, says Cas
sier's Magazine.
These fountains are put up in the
public street and afford the conven
ience of supplying at any hour of the
day or night a certain quantity of hot
water in return for a coin of certain
value, which is dropped into the slot
in the now so familiar way. The
dropping of the coin automatically
governs the flow of water from the
street mains through a small boiler,
heated by a series of gas jets, and sim
ilarly regulates the quantity of gas
which is admitted, and which is lighted
by means of a small, constantly main
tained ignited jet.
The French hot water machine
brings back to mind very strikingly
the apparatus designed more than two
thousand years ago by Hero, of Alex
andria, which furnishes one of many
similar illustrations of the extent to
which the ancients made use of what
are often supposed to be entirely mod
ern ideas.
Curiously enough. Hero's machine, it
may here be repeated, was operated by
a coin representing tlve drachmas.
The coin, in falling, st uck a lever,
opened a valve aud let out a small
(fuautity of holy water. When the
coin fell off the lever the valve was
closed.
Hero went still further, however, by
inventing an automatic bartender on
the coin-in-the-slot principle. This
was a vase containing three kinds of
liquor in different compartments, with
a faucet arranged so as to be opened
part of the way by one coin, stiil fur
ther yet by a larger or heavier coin,
and then still further by a still larger
or heavier coin.
The extent to which the faucet was
opened determined which chamber
should communicate with it. and hence
which of the three liquors should be
allowed to escape. This machine, ap
parvutjj,', has not yet been reinvented-
GEOGRAPHY OF CRIME.
Murdor a Product of Lack of Civ
ilization.
The Retraining InUurnce of Religion*
Sentiment-Countries Where tlie
Moat Mnrdeni Are
Committed.
Murder, geographically considered,
is the product of lack of civilization,
writes Prof. Oettinger in his "Moral
Statistics." Whenever a state of gov
ernment is in a state of disorganization
the people become demoralized, educa
tional and religious progress is at a
.standstill, and murder is bound to in
crease. It is essential to lay great
stress on the religious feeling of a
community, because comparatively few
murders occur in Turkey, a country
deranged and unsettled in its af
fairs, wherein a large proportion
of the people are lacking in civiliza
tion and culture. Hut the Islam faith
is productive of a certain religious
sentiment in these uneducated masses
which prevents murder, the greatest
crime against human and divine laws.
Compared with Turkey, Greece, once
the seat of civilization, but now de
moralized and degraded by Turkish in
fluence, without the prohibitive power
of the Mohammedan religion.manifests
the truth of this assertion by rolling up,
in a population of less than 3,000,000
people, 316 murders, and 473 felonious
assaults, an average of one killed or
maimed for every 2.800 souls. This
number overshadows demoralized Ire
land. where for a number of years the
most terrible agrarian crimes, mur
ders, arson, etc., have been committed,
the outcome of the atrocious feeling
between landowners and the peas
antry
Another country with a large per
centage is Spain, and an increase in
bloodshed goes hand in hand with its
gradual decline. A glance at the crim
inal statistics of the United States
demonstrates that murder reaches its
highest percentage among the unedu
cated class, who can neither write nor
read. In the state of Texas, for ex
ample, one murder occurs to every
eight thousand five hundred inhabi
tants. In Illinois this percentage is
considerably lowered, one murder be
ing quoted for every fifty thousand.
Germany of late years shows au in
crease of murder cases and assaults,
born out of socialistic tendencies. The
murder percentage of Great Britain is
comparatively small, with the excep
tion of London and Ireland, and per
sonal safety in England and Scotland
is commended on all sides. Even few
thefts are committed in the level por
tions. France, Sweden, Denmark, Bel
gium, Holland and Switzerland record
murder statistics similar to those of Ger
many. Xo substantial data can be
obtained about Russia, but the strik
ing increase in political murders, sig
nalized by the nihilistic and socialistic
era, needs no comment. No state in
the world rolls up more revolutionary
attacks and crimes at the present time
than Russia. During the year 1886-87,
the last authentic report that could be
obtained, three thousand persons were
deported to Siberia for life.
As with suicide and murder, it is with
theft,geographically speaking. Lack of
culture and civilization is synonymous
with increased theft and dishonesty,
not so much on account of the immoral
and depraved condition of the people as
because of lack of protection. Theft in
Sweden and Norway, in Denmark and
the extreme north is exceedingly rare.
The oriental and southeastern states
show an alarming amount of theft, and
next to America Turkey, Russia, the
Balkan states and Hungary contain
the most crooks.
Fraud'in all its-various denominations,
ranging from high-grade swindle in
its manifold phases down to small
shady transactions which hover be
tween dishonest practices and techni
cal evasions of the law, has its home
principally in the large cities of the
world. London is a perfect mecea for
swindlers, while throughout England,
with the exception of Londcn, busi
ness dealings are characterized by
sound principles of honesty. Compar
atively little fraud is practiced in the
northern and western states, as Swe
den, Norway, Denmark and Finland.
Holland, Belgium, France and Switzer
land rank favorably in this respect. In
Germany a striking decline is noticea
ble in fraudulent transactions. The
same conditions —lack of civilization
and education—which prevail with
other crimes pertain to fraud. Spain,
Italy, Greece, Turkey, and, above all,
Bussia lead the line.
HOW OLD OAK IS MADE.
The Froreu by Which Otmu Material It
Made to Look Aged.
You will have to go a long way be
fore you find a body of men more —
well, clever than those cabinet
makers who produce goods to satisfy
the desire of the public for furniture
made of old and fancy woods. They
can, says Waverly Magazine, trans
form white wood into all kinds of ex
otic woods by means of chemicals, and
a chemist would be surprised if he
were to have the run of one of those
factories for a day.
The manufacture of "old" oak is one
of their easiest processes. The boards,
moldings, panels or whatever pieces
are required are made of oak which
has just had time to dry sufficiently to
prevent excessive warping.
They are then placed in a dark room,
on the floor of which, and quite close
to the furniture to be "aged," are
placed several bowls, plates, and so
forth, of liquid ammonia; the room is
theu hermetically closed up and the
wood is left for a month or two, ac
cording to the age which is required.
The coloration will extend to a depth
of nearly a quarter of an inch if the
room is kept closed for a fa*v months.
That is why there is so much old oak
furniture about. Of cours«». a little re
flection would show that it could not
be genuine—the forests of the middle
ages would not hfcve furnished one
half of it; but people do not always re
flect.
SIGNED IN BLOOD.
Contract of Murderous Member** of a
Monniblnert' Association.
Charles T. Dazey, the author of "In
Old Kentucky," relates some interest
ing stories about the moonshiners of
Kentucky and Tennessee, with whom
he associated while visiting that sec
tion in search of material for his play.
"I became more or less intimate with
many of them," said he to a New York
Times reporter, "and learned of the
existence of a very strange sort of as
sociation having its headquarters in
one of the counties in southern Ken
tucky, bordering on Tennessee. The
object of the association was to pro
tect the members from the government
and to encourage the manufacture and
sale of illicit whisky. Whenever a mem
ber of the band was arrested by the
'revenooers,' as the revenue officers
are called, three or four others would
testify to an alibi. Each member was
bound by an oath signed in blood to
kill anyone who informed on another.
In this way they hoped to protect each
other from the raids of the deputy
marshals. The secret leaked out in
some way, and for a time—until the
band was effectually broken up—the
men, when captured, were taken to
Louisville for trial; but there's just as
much moonshining- done away back in
the fastnesses of the mountains as
ever "
ESQUIMAUX USE TOBACCO.
They M'.x tha \Vee<l with Flu* Cat Wood
to Make It Oo Farther.
Perhaps there is nothing more pecul
iar about the Esquimaux of Point Bar
row than their methods of using to
bacco, which, of course, they procure
from the whites. They know go od
from bad tot*cco, says the Washington
Star. When they get hold of a few
plugs of commissary tobacco from a
vessel of the United States nary they
show a marked appreciation of It. The
habit of chewing the weed seems to be
universal. Men, women and eTen un
wt'aned children keep a quid, often of
enormous size, constantly in the mouth.
' The juice is not spit out, but swallowed
! with the saliva, without producing any
j symptoms of nausea.
These people, for the sake of making
1 their tobacco go further, cut It up very
fine and mix it with finely chopped
wood, in the proportion of about two
| parts of tobacco to one of wood. Wil
low twigs are commonly used for this
purpose, possibly because they have a
slightly aromatic flavor. The mode of
smoking the weed thus prepared is
very odd- The smoker, after clearing
out the bowl of his pipe with a little
picker or bone, plucks from his deer
skin clothing in some conspicuous place
a small wad of hair. This he rams
down to the bottom of the bowl, the
purpose of it being to prevent the fine
tobacco from getting into the stem and
clogging it up. The pipe is then filled
with tobacco, of which it only holds a
very small quantity. The tobacco Is
then ignited and all of it is smoked
out in two or three strong whiffs. The
smoke is deeply inhaled and is allowed
to pass out slowly from the mouth and
nostrils.
The method of smoking would be
found exceedingly trying to any white
man. In fact it usually brings tears
to the eyes of the Esquimau, often pro
ducing giddiness and almost always a
violent fit of coughing. A native will
sometimes be almost prostrated from
the effects of a single pipeful. Theae
people carry their fondness for tobacco
so far that they will actually eat the
foul, oily refuse from the bottom of
the bowl, the smallest portion of
which would produce nausea in a civil
ized person. This habit has likewise
been observed in northern Siberia.
They also eat the tobacco ashes, per
haps for the sake of the potash they
contain.
COYOTES HUNTING.
Relieving Each Other In the Chase Altar
Fleet-Footed Jack Rabblta.
"Did you ever see a pack of coyotes
a-rustlin' for grub?" asked an old Cali
fornia miner of a reporter recently.
"I've lived on the desert for nigh onto
thirty years," he resumed, "and seed
many a queer sight, but coyotes a
rustlin' for grub beats them all. Them
animals are as well trained as any
body of soldiers ever was under Gineral
Grant. They elect a captain, whether
by drawing straws or by ballot I don't
recollect off-hand. Just at daylight a
reveille calls the pack together and
they come yelpin' and howlin' over the
desert like a lot of things possessed,
their appetites sharpened by the crisp
air and eager for their reg'lar diet of
jerked rabbit meat. The avant cour
iers sniff around among the sagebrush
and greasewood, while the rest of the
band form into a big circle, sometimes
spreadin' out on the plain over a radius
of two or three miles. The couriers
head a jack-rabbit in the circle and
the coyote nearest takes up the chase.
"You know a jack rabbit can run ten
times faster than a coyote, and when
the one in pursuit gets tuskered out
the next one takes up the chase, and
so on till the Jack falls down dead from
exhaustion. Then the whole pack leap
onto him. their jaws snappin' like
sheepblades in shearin' time. Then
when the jack is disposed of another
reville la sounded and the pack again
form into a circle, and the circus Is
kept up until every one of the yelpin',
yeller devils has satisfied his appetite,
sometimes killin' hundreds of jacks
and cottontails fur one meal, fur a
coyote can eat a jack as big as himself
and then looks as if he was clean
starved to death. I was clean through
the late unpleasantness with Gineral
Grant and I know what scientific gen
eralin' is, and them coyotes know as
much as any soldiers that ever lived
about army tactics. The commander
in chief is usually the oldest coyote in
the pack, and he sits on a knoll where
he can give orders to his lieutenants
and aids, and what they don't know
about ambuscades, maneuverin' and
field tactics ginerally ain't worth
knowin'."
WESTERN OPERATIC CRITICISM.
Slngeri Who Simply Loaf Away Their
Time.
The hustling western business man
had been to the opera, and was asked
what he thought of it, says the Chi
cago News.
"They're lazy," he replied, shortly.
"Who are lazy?" inquired the man
who had spoken to him.
"All of them," was the reply. "There
seems to be a lack of good business
management that results in a dead
waste of time."
"Who are you talking about?"
"The singers," he said, promptly.
"They just loaf and take their time
about everything. One of them took
nearly five minutes to get through a
two-syllable word, and the audience
applauded as if she had done well at
that. It's an outrage, sir, to waste
time that way. If they'd just get
some live business man to take hold of
the show he'd put some of those songs
through in half the time and finish the
whole show without missing a thing
an hour earlier than it's done now. I'll
bet if I was running it those big-s«>lar
ied singers wouldn't loaf on their jo.* > «
as they do now. And the fiddlers are
pretty near as bad. They just draw
the thing out as if they were afraid to
work, and the crowd doesn't seem to
catch onto the way it's bamboozled.
Why, we've got an old, broken-down
singing teacher out our way who can
put any one of those songs through in
anywhere from five to fifteen minutes'
better time."
When Obedience la Ea«y.
He—What a woman that Mrs. High
strung is! Does she ever obey anyone?
She —Oh, yes; she obeys her husband
Implicitly.
lie —Iler husband must be a very
strong-minded man, then.
She—Not at all. He simply tells her
to do exactly as she pleases, and she
obeys without a murmur. Boston
Globe.
Mnloted And Cholmondlej.
Tommy—Here's a queer word, nurse.
It's spelled m-u-l-c-t-e-d.
Nurse (gazing long and earnestly at
it) —I can't make it out, Tommy, un
less it's some new dood way of spellin'
mustard. I knowed a man in Oireland
once what spelled his name Charlie
Mandelay, but called it Chumly. May
be this is one of his spellin's.— Harper'*
Bazar.
Starboard and Fort.
The term starboard or port, when ap
plied to the wheel of the ship, is a con
undrum to a landsman which he bas
difficulty in getting through his hi ad. :
llow the turning of the wheel which
acts on the rudder brings about the de
sired result of starboard and port can
be illustrated by reference to » China
man. A starboard wheel thro» -s the
stem of a re-ssel to starboard, chang
ing the course of the bow to port and
vice versa. So with the Chinaman
when be turns his head to the left,
which is port, his pigtail swings to the
rifrht, wh ! -h is starboard. Opposite re
volts are obtained
CREAMERY BUTTER.
Inr It Is M*4< In a Motel thimbllii—l
Bow mtnj readers have seen a crram
ery In action, and know exactly how
batter i* made by the methixl which
has taken the place of that once in
vogue in every farmer's dairy? At
atowe. Vt, lia food specimen of these
"new-fangled" ways of treating cream,
and one who wiahes to spend a fore
noon in pleasant surrey of an interest
ing work would find himself repaid for
seeking ont this cool, clean buiMing in
a lovely town. First of all. unless the
creamery is a co-operative one, the
milk must be bought, and in any case
the farmers for miles around must
bring or send in the milk. Generally
all the milk that a farm produces is
sent. Sometimes Ate creamery uses
over four thousand pounds a day, a
"pound" of milk usually filling a
"scanty" pint
The milk la not paid for by measure,
for that would be most unjust. The
man who had Jersey cows would then
receive no more than the owner of ani
mals which are "larfre milkers," but
whose milk is of poor quality So the
rullk is tested by the use of acid, apd
paid for according to Ita percentage of
butter-making qnality
Early In the morning this new milk
is made to flow steadily into a receiver,
and there it oomes in contact with a
cylindrical vessel which Is whirling at
the rate of forty-four hundred revolu
tions a minute. This motion has the
effect of Keperating the cream from the
milk; as the milk is heavier, it falls to
the outside of the vessel, where it is
carried off through a pipe, and the
cream, being lighter, seeks the center,
exactly as the foam of a whirlpool is
always thrown to the middle of the
circle.
A metal rim, rising between the two
fluids, serves to keep them permanent
ly apart, and the cream, like the milk,
is carried off by a pipe of its own- It
flows into a large oblong tank In the
next room, and there, protected by a
thin cloth from dust and flies, it stands
for forty-eight hours, since butter has
a richer taste If the cream is allowed
to "ripen" a little.
The enormous churn which receives
the cream when it is ready for the sec
ond process is in shape exactly like
those used by many a farmer's wife,
and turns bodily with every revolution;
It is, however, moved by steam-power,
and not by "elbow-grease," and the
buttermilk is finally drained off through
the floor into enormous vats.
And when the butter has "come,"
what delight to see it worked! Great
yellow masses, usually about sixty
pounds in quantity, are spread, in a
broad circle, upon a round table. Im
mediately over this table are two
grooved, wooden rollers, and when the
table is set in motion by machinery it
slowly turns about under the rollers,
which are at the same time revolving.
Thus the buttermilk is quickly and ef
fectually pressed from the mass, and it
lies spread out, ready for salting.
As the table turns a woman shakes
over the butter fine salt from a sieve,
an ounce of salt to a pound of butter,
and when a few more revolutions of
the rollers have worked it in, the but
ter is made.
It is then rapidly packed into small
tabs, covered with a cloth and a thick
layer of salt, oria made into beautiful
ly regular pats. These pats, each
weighing a pound, marked with quar
ter-pound divisions, are wrapped up in
white paper and then placed in a very
ingenious receptacle, formed of thin
wood, made so aa to bend in the proper
places and form a little box.
When one views the cleanliness and
precision which go with this work,
done on so lai*ge a scale, he cannot help
being convinced that the creamery has
not destroyed the poetry which still
clings about the life of the dairy.
STANCHIONS AND TIES.
The Illustration Show* Haw Thajr Are
Built and Amnted.
A subscriber inquires how cows are
fastened by stanchions aod ties. In
the illustration stanchions are shown
at the left, open and shut They con
sist simply of twostrong strips, the one
firmly bolted or pinned, the other
hinged or pinned at the bottom and al
lowed to swing back far enough at the
top so the animal may remove Its head.
"If fa iv
I// II || Ij
When closed the movable strip is held
in place firmly by a pivot which ia
dropped down behind It at the top, or
by a loop of iron which is allowed to
fall down over the upper end of the
movable portion. At the right side of
the cut a method in common use for
tying stock is shown- Short partitions
support the floor where the cows stand
into stalls which contain two cows
each. At either side of this stall a
smooth pole is firmly established, and
on thia pole a large ring which can
easily slip up and down is connected
with a short chain which holds the cow
by a strap around her horns or neck.
The chain must be so short that the cow
cannot annoy her bedfellow. If the
cows are dehorned there will be no
need of partitions.—Farm Journal
A Satf-Socktar Cow.
The nuisance of having a cow with
thia vice is such as to make It almost
useless, and. unless the cow is a good
one, it »vould be better to make the
animal Litc> heef than to worry with it.
If the co\*. however, ia worth keeping
In spite of tbto bad habit, it m|y be
controlled ia thta way: The head if
fitted with a common headstall, having
a strong ring under lie jaws. A strap
is worn by the cow around the body
immediately behind the shoulders. A
A ring is fitted on this strap under the
brisket. A stout Mckory or oak rod,
having a snap hook at each end, is then
fastened to the riags and passed be
tween the fore toff* «> tl *« co *
can feed, but cannot reach her udder.
B# *s«»
Head of Firm— L'«ve you had any ex
perience with double' entry?
Prospective Bookkeeper I should
say so! I've been shipping clerk for
one of the largest hi I **** 8 111 e
trade-
Head of Firm—But you d.VIn t learn
anything about double e.itry. d ' ll
J Prospective Bookkeeper —CeT
rfr. When the goods were ship l '»ed 1
made one entry, and when they .▼ere
returned I made another. Ain't t
doutVe entry?— Cloak Review.
Oaoarosltr I'salf.
Struggling Pas tor-Nearly all the
congre fation have subscribed liberal
ly for the building fund, and I feel
sure thai I c*o al*o have your hearty
cooperation. How much will you—
Mrs. Leader— Let me see. Oh, I
am the cmly member who has a car
riage, I think!
"Yes. the rest a « pwor "
"Well, I will drive around and coi
laet the ■Bfrffnrip\fc»a."-'"» )c> * wt ' c ' g>^
mam
* —i ■
MO 2
CHEAP TREE GUARDS.
UteeUve tor PrtrratlKf IIIIWM Imjmf If t
Rabbits ami Mica.
It is astonishing how tnoch damage
two or three rabbits can do to a young
orchard in a single night Four year*
ago 1 had an orchard of seventy trees
planted, on open ground, between my
house and that of a neighbor. The
orchard was well cultivated, and the
ground kept entirely clear of all weed*
an-1 trash; and as my neighbor kept
two hunting dogs, which made It their
business to kill every rabbit that
ventured into that locality, thought It
entirely unnecessary to provide any
protection for the trees. Late in the
winter there came a light fall of snow,
accompanied by severe cold weather. I
looked over the orchard the following
morning, and not a track of any kind
was to be seen, but the second morn
ing I noticed a few rabbit tracks, and,
to my great surprise, I found that
H
no. a. no. t
FKOTEC TED TREK. WOVEN TUL EUAJUX
fully one-third of the trees had been
gnawed, four of them being completely
girdled. The tracks showed plainly
that the mischief had been done by
rabbits. My neighbor brought his
dogs, and we hunted the entire locality
over, but could find only two rabbits.
In the stomach of which we fonnd tree
bark. We followed their back tracks
and found that they had oome from a
swampy tract, six miles distant
I immediately bound up the wounds
on the trees with strips of cloth, and,
as soon as the ground thawed a little,
I took four-inch drain tiles, broke them
open lengthwise, and, removing the
cloth, inclosed each of the trees with
one of them, binding them together
with small wire. These tiles were
then filled with fine soil, and kept full
until the first of October, when they
were opened and the trees examined.
In every instance, the wounds were
entirely healed, the bark having grown
over them, and the trees were in a
healthy, thrifty condition In a few
cases roots had started out from the
edges of the healing wounds, but the
autumn drought had stopped their
growth. During the last three years,
I have tiled quite a large number of in
jured trees for neighbors and friends,
and in every instance they have healed
completely.
It is advisable, however, to adopt ef
fective measures for preventing injury
to trees by rabbits and mice, and thus
save much labor and anxiety. It can
be done easily, as follows: Take com
mon plastering laths and cut them in
halves; then with fine wire, weave five
to eight of the pieces together, at the
top and bottom, as shown in Fig. 1,
the same as wire and lath fence is
woven, and set them around the trees,
as seen in Fig. 3, giving the ends of
the wire a twist about each other, to"
hold them firmly in position. This
makes a very effective and cheap guard,
eighteen inches high, and one that will
last four or five years. If the laths are
dipped in crude petroleum, they will
last ten years, and prevent pigs and
sheep, as well as rabbits and mice,
from injuring the trees.—G. Frederick,
in American Agriculturist
THE FARM ORCHARD.
It Adda Mach to tha Attractlvaaeaa at
Cmatrj LUt.
If you own a piece of land, even if it
does not contain more than five acres,
plant a portion of it to fruit In a
small orchard it is a good plan to alter
nate apple and peach trees. In this
way you can plant trees much closer
together, as the peach trees will have
died before the apple trees are large
enough to interfere with them. Don't
plant apple trees closer than two rods
of each other. If you do you will find
you have made a mistake before they
are half-grown. Plums, apricots and
cherries may be planted twenty feet
apart It will be a long time before
tbey crowd each other. Standard pears
should have five feet more room eaeb
way. I don't favor planting dwarf
fruit trees. They bear early and die
early. This may be done in a new
country, where fruit is scarce and land
is cheap It is a good plan bo cultivate
a young orchard. Manure well Plant
small fruita (for the first five years) be
tween the rows, leaving it so you can
plow one way, especially where the
tract is small and land is dear.—Farm
ers' Voice.
Carlau Caaa •( Grafting.
The following note was made in
France in 1882: Mr. M. Carillet, of
Vlncennee, took up a young pear tree
and grafted it with roots In the air on
another tree. As the pear used as a
scion was on general quince roots, the
queer spectacle was presented of quince
roots in the air above two varieties of
the pear. Before the end of the first
season the quince roots threw out
leaves and short branches. The next
year the quince shoots grew to a
length of thirty inches. The nett spring
four varieties of pear were budded on
the quince shoots. So at present the
plant is made up as follows: The base
stock is on quince roots. On this is
another pear with its roots in the
air. On the quince root, or on shoots
coming from them, are four other vsr
rieties of the pear.
DEAD branches on fruit and other
trees are not only unsightly, but they
are a draft on the_ vitality of the tree.
A D«(TM Woraa.
"Well, Johnny, how are you? Do you
find dollars scarce, as everybody else
does?"
"I am worse off than that 1 even
find half dollars scarce."—Brooklyn
Life.
CLOSURE.
Lilr Whi^^lhd^ you have many
others duricg the summer*
fVrbe JJird—Many? Why, I had to
limit the proposal speeches to five
minuto®- —Puck.
KvtolalJuß Da jr.
Vices are tuonsiers of saoh hldeocs intan.
That to ba hated nood but to be »a«n;
Bui Been «» oft, we come bj to»n> accuraaS.