&.«■ ia $
BotleP t?oui]tij'o Court Hou^e.
Butler's beautiful Court House, dis
cernible from any part of the town, -
is comparatively a new building. The
old structure was totally destroyed by
fire in 1883 and for two and a half
years Wit hers poo n Institute was ;
utilized as a Court House.
The present edifice cost $150,000 and i
is an ornament to the county, as well
as a monument to the enterprise and
thrift of the inhabitants. Work was
begun on the present building in the
spring of 1886, and completed Septem
ber, 1886. The bnilding has a frontage ;
of 80 feet, 90 feet wide at the back, 120
feet deep, and 165 feet high. It is built
of Butler county stone, with Berea
stone trimmings.
The Register and Recorder, Sheriff,
Clerk of Courts, Treasurer, Prothono
tary and County Commissioners, alt 1
have their offices on the first floor, i
each department comprising a public
and private office and a fireproof vault,
with a general vault in the hall for val
uable papers.
On the second floor are the jury and
witness rooms, arbitration and ladies'
room, and a commodious court room.
The County Superintendent and the en
gineer have offices on the floor above.
The tower surmounting the building is
the finest point of observation, to view
the town. It contains a large clock
and a bell which strikes the hour of
day as time recedes and man knows it
no more.
Facing the Court House is a plot of
ground called the Diamond, which is a
part of the orignal five acres set aside
by the county for this purpose. Owing
to the large amount of business trans
acted in oil leases, etc., the county
officers are kept very busy and court
week always bringe a large concourse
of people to town.
The enabling act, passed by the Leg
islature March 12, 1800, authorized the
erection of a county from a portion of
Allegheny county, which then com
prised all the territory lying north
east of the Ohio and Allegheny
rivers The act under which the county
was organised for judicial purposes
was not passed until April 2, 1803. It
then became a part oi the Sixth Judi
cial district, which included Beaver,
Crawford, Mercer and Erie.
The present site was selected as a
county seat, a rude log court house
was erected, which served the purpose
until 1807, when a stone structure was
erected, of which the people were very
proud. In 1855 a larger house was
built at a cost of $40,000.
The first court In Butler county wrs
held in a log cabin, void of windows,
doors or fbrniture, on the Diamond,
near where the office of Clarence
Walker is now located. A few chairs
and benches were supplied by the pop
ulace, and a carpenter's bench served
as a desk for the jndge and attorneys.
This was quite a notable event, and
was attended by all the great lights of
the Pittsburg Bar.
The Circuit' Court, which existed
until 1833, was entirely separate from
the Court of Common Pleas. The first
case was entered in this court Septem
ber 17, 1804, bnt was not tried until
September, 1806. The first grand and
traverse jurors were called at this
term. The first business transacted in
the Orphans' Court was on May 14,
1804.
Jesse Moore, Esq., the first President
Jadge, was appointed in 1804. His
soooessors were : Samuel B. Roberts, in
1818; William Wilkison, in 1821;
Charles Shaler, in 1824; John Bredin,
1831. In 1861 Daniel Agnew was ap
pointed to a vacancy, and succeeded
himself by election for two terms. In
1863 he was elected a Judge of the
Supreme Court. Judge McGuffen was
appointed to succeed him as President
Judge, and was elected in 1864 In
1874 Charles McCandless was appointed
Assistant Law Judge. In the fall of
that year E. McJunkin and James
Bredin were elected; the former as
President Judge and the latter as asso
ciate, of the Seventeenth Judicial Dis
trict, composed of Butler and Law
rence counties. In 1884, Aaron L.
Hazen and John McMicbael, both of
Lawrence county, were elected to the
bench, and the lot of President Judge
fell to Judge Hazen.
EARLY 11HMBERS OF THE BAR
Gen. Ayres, who came West with
Washington's army in 1704, in the
capacity of a tailor, read law with
Judge Breckenrldge in Pittsburg and
came to Butler in 1804 as Prothono
tory.
John Gilmore, born in Bradford
county, educated at Washington, I'a.,
read law with the afterwards exiled
David Bradford, came to Butler in 1803,
to the Legislature and made
Speaker of the House. He was after
wards a member of Congress and State
Treasurer. He died in 1846.
John Purviance was one of the first
attorneys in the county, and was ad
mitted to the first court held in Butler.
He served as a Golonel in the war of
1812. He was for a long time attorney
for the Rapp Society at Harmony.
John Bred in, for twenty years I'resi
dent Judge, was among the ablest
members of this Bar. He was born in
Donegal county, Ireland, in 1794, and
died in 1867.
James Thompson, a native of Butler
county, was at one time a printer's
devil, and became a leader in his pro
fession and in politics. He went to
Erie, was sent to the Legislature, was
made Speaker of the House, was elect
ed to Congress, and finally became
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of
the State. S'lon after the expiration of
his term on the Bench, while making
an argument before the Court, he sank
to the floor exhausted and never re
covered.
Samuel Purviance, George W. Smith,
Charles C. Sullivan, SamuelA.Gilmore,
practicing in the thirties, were all men
of mark and ability. John Graham,
who died Just before the war, was
among the ablest, most reliable and
best equipped members in his day,
while John -Nelson Purviance and
Edward Bracken, both of whom died
a number of years ago, ranked high in
their profession.
It has been asserted that the Butler
County Bar, was, and has been the
strongest in- t\e State, in point
of the numerous intellectual giants
who nave, and are practicing here.
Judges, senators, congressmen, legis
lators, soldiers and politicians, who
have gained national renown and
fame, have graduated by the scores
from Butler county's law offices, and
have assisted in the mighty work of up
building and strengthening this grand
republic. Nor is there any diminution
in the members who swell the ranks of
the profession here.
Tho growing west has been an exten
sive field for Butler county boys, who
battled with adversity, and now hold
responsible positions and offices and
enjoy lucrative practices, which the
prowded condition of the bar of their
native county would not permit.
AARON L. HAZEN.
I
A History of the President Judge of L&w
--1 rence and Butler Counties.
His honor, Judge Aaron Lyle Hazen.
jis a descendant of the sturdy
! pioneers who quitted merry England
and made the American wilderness
I a garden. It is believed that Edward
Hazen, the progenitor of the family,
I emigrated from New Castle on the
!< Tyne, England, and settled at Rowley
Mass., in tho seventeenth century.
I The town records give evidence that
in 1649 he was a selectman, judge and
an extensive property owner and a
respected citizen, which is proven by
j the fact that he was permitted to have
j seven gates in the public park, tho
largest number permitted by law.
Nathaniel Hazen, a descendant of tho
above and great grandfather of the
judge, was born March 17, 1745, at
Lyme, Conn. He married Mary Bell,
Nov. 27, 1768, and moved to the beau
tiful Wyoming Valley in Penn
sylvania.
The horrible massacre, by the In
dians and English, of the white settlers,
in 1778, forced those remaining to flee
with their families to New Jersey.
Hazen, though a Continental soldier,
happened to be at home and rescued
his family from a cruel fate. When
peace was restored and England
recognized the rights of the Colonist,
he with his family, moved to Fort Pitt,
now Pittsburg. Finding the place
anything but a paradise, he selected a
home on Peters Creek in Washington
county, now traversed by the B. & O.
Railway. The whisky insurrection
disturbed the peace of the Bottlers and
many went further west to seek a
home. Hazon purchased a tract of 400
acres of land from the government in
1792 on Connoquenessing creek, in
Beaver county, long known aa"Hazen's
Delight." Here he erected his log
cabin and brought his family. His
wife died Dec. 20, 1834 and the old sol
dier and pioneer was laid to rest Nov.
3, 1836.
Nathan, born May 1, 1786, in Wash
ington county, was the tenth of thir
teen children, and the grandfather of
the subject of our sketch. He married
Levina Kirkendal May 28, 1805, who
j died Aug. 6, 1816. Her husband out
| lived her 20 years. Henry, the
! eldest of 12 children, of this union,
first Baw light, March 4,1806, in Beaver
' county. He learned the carpenter's
trade and taught school in winter. He
deserted his trade and settled on a
farm in Shenango township after mar
rying Sarah Warnock (daughter of
James Warnock, Esq , a native of
J County Down, Ireland, and Mary Gas
ton,a native of Washington county, Pa
March 21, 1833. Five boys were born
to them, of whom only two are alive;
Eli W. and Judge Ilazen. Ilenry
Hazen died Dec. 28, 1841, his wife
died April 25, 1885. Judge Hazen was
born Feb. 19, 1537, being the second
eldest of five children. Shenango
1 township, in which he was born, was
> then in Beaver county, buk wai in ado
a part of Lawrence county, March 12:
1549. Lawrence county was formed of
about equal parts of Beaver and Mer-1
cer counties by act of assembly of j
March 12, 1849. It was at the district
schools and Beaver Academy that the
Jndge learned the golden rule. He
graduated from the latter place in 195S
and entered Jefferson College, at Can-1
onsburg, Pa., from which place he
graduated in 1 SGI. The last year at
school was devoted to the study of
law. During vacation of that year
tort Sumpter was fired on and Judge
Hazen was among the first to enlist,
the 19th of April, IS6I, in the Twelfth
Infantry Vol. When his enlistment
expired he was refused admission to
the ranks, on account of a serious
deafness which had overtaken him
He was entered as paymaster's clerk
and served in the pay district of Cum
berland; however, the last year of the
war he was appointed receiving and
paying teller in the U. S. department
at Louisville, Ky. In September, 1865,
he was admitted to the bar in Law
rence county and gained practice and
favor. In 1870 and 1573 he was elected
two terms|as District Attorney, which
j office he filled with so much credit
! that he was nominated on the Repub
lican ticket of the .-eventeenth Judicial
> District as candidate for Judge, to
which office he was duly elected, al
though his Republican consort of But
ler county was defeated and Judge
John McMichael, a Democrat of Law
rence county, gained the goal.
Judge Hazen moved to Butler
j county, where he now occupies a beau
tiful mansion on North Main street.
Amelia J., daughter of Wm. Watson, of
New Castle, and Judge Hazenwere mar
ried in 1885. Three children were born
to them, one daughter and two sons,
but he who giveth and taketh, gather
ed their offsprings unto him and left
the kindly couple childless in advanc
ing years.
% -aS*
I |S§j| ; ,
r
SHERIFF WM. M. BROWN.
A. Sturdy Yeoman Who Is a Terror to Evil.
Doers la Butler County.
The subject of our sketch is a sturdy j
farmer, selected by the people of But- I
ler county to act in the capacity of :
Sheriff from 1890 till 1893.
Mr. Brown is a descendant of the old j
pioneer who settled at Brownsdale,
after having served with distinction
in the war of 1812. His son Joseph
married Miss Mary Marshall, whose!
family is one of tho most illustrious in
the State, being a daughter of James
and Jane Marshall, of this county.
Wm. M. Brown, the Sheriff, was
born June 12, 1832, in Forward town
ship, and served hi:} apprenticeship on
the farm at home, attending the dis
trict schools daring the winters. Ar
riving at maturity he took an active
interest in his surroundings and
served as Justice of the Peace four
years, and 16 years as School Director
in the township. 'Squire Brown was
elected to the office of Sheriff on the
Republican ticket, and has been a
credit to the party since his acceptance
of the trust.
His home life is a peaceful one,
where, surrounded by his wife and
seven children, his house overlooks
the most beautiful scenery in Butler
county. He is a member of the U. P.
Church, in which he takes an active
intorest.
■A "*l%
. - ,*)
v M ; \
BUTLER COUNT?B PROTHONOTARY.
A Highly Honored Gentleman, Who Serves
His Second Term It ;office.
John W. Brown, the ! Prothonotary,
is the only officer in the Court House
serving a second term. Though a
. Democrat in politics, he is so popular
with the masses that he was the only
candidate on the Democratic ticket
i electad.
Harrisville, this county, is his native
[ vil'age, where ho was born November
9, 1H43. Like a majority of the coun
try boys he had to content himself
with a common school education,
which was not of the best at that time.
He was a member of the Sixth Penn
, sylvania Heavy Artillery during the
[ war, and wai mustered out of service
I in 1865. Having acquired the trade of
, tanner and currier in Beaver Falls,
> Pa., he followed this vocation until
[ 1878. He acted as clerk in the Pro
i thonotary's office three years, and was
( elected Justice of the Peace of Butler
r borough in 18s5. In 1887 he was nom
i inated an<! elected to his present office
on the Democratic ticket. His wife,
Emma, is tho daughter of W. S. Bing
ham,of Centerville,and three daughters
and one son bless their homo at 617
Brown avenue. The eldest daughter,
Miss Jennie, is a teacher in the public
schools. Mr. Brown is a member of
the Presbyterian Church, and Presi
dent of the Armory Opera House Com
pany. The Prothonotary : s office has
been in good hands since his advent
into office, as the records will prove.
CLERK OF COURTB CRISWELL.
A Responsible Officer Honored by the
People for Past Services.
The people of Butler are not slow to
recognize true merit, hence Joseph
Criswell is attending to this import
ant office in a highly satisfactory man
ner. Tho old veteran first saw light
in Clinton township, Butler county.
Tho common schools of his boyhood
he attended as long as premitted.
When rebellion raised its standard
in the south, he deserted tho comforts
of home for tho horrors of battle and
fatigue of campaigns. August 18, 1861,
he enlisted in Company K. 102 nd Pa.
Vol., and served faithfully until mus- j
tered out of service at Pittsburg in ;
!
1864. Returning home he led a busy
life as a farmer.
Taking an active part in politics
under the standard of the Republican
party. His services were readily rec
ognized and in 1890 he was sworn in
office which has had his faithful and
undivided attention since. Mr, Cris
well is married and has a family of
six children, who reside on a farm two
and a half miles from Butler, in the
township of the same name.
Mr. Criswell is an active member of
A. G. Reed Post 105, G. A. R , and has
served as Dast Major of Encampment
No. 45, LTV. L. He is also a member
of Butler Lodge 272, F. and A.M., and
a supporter of the M. E. Church.
§\
1 ■
TREASURER J A3. 8. WILSON.
A Patriot and Staunch Republican, Who
Fills an Important Office
Butler oounty people have been
fortunate in selecting an active expert
accountant, and a genial gentleman,
for the position of Treasurer.
The subject of our sketch was born
in Butler borough, July 31, 1841. His
boyhood days were spent in acquiring
a common school education. He had
hardly outgrown his teens, ere war's
alarms, and the dark danger of the
disruption of our Union, called him
to arms in its defense, in Co. H., 78th
Pa. Vol, the 12th of October, 1861,
where he remained until mustered out
October 12, 1864, after having suffered
many privations in the Fourteenth
Army Corps, which did such effective
work under Gen. Thomas, the '"Rock
of Chickamauga."
Mr. Wilson has bean a professional
accountant all his life, and was
employed by the Wm. N. Whitly Mfg.
Co , of Pittsburg, for years.
Politically he has taken an active
part in the Republican ranks, and
worked continually for its welfare. In
the fall of 1891 he was elected by
a large majority of the votes of
the people, to the position of Treas
urer. The accurate manner he has
1 bandied the accounts has given
' universal satisfaction throughout the
' county. His residence is located at
1 Centerville borough, Slippery Rock
township, where he resides with his
wife and eight children. He takes
an active interest in the U. V. L., of
' which be is a member, and is an elder
in the Presbyterian church.
s
REGISTER AMD RECORDER DALE.
A Bright, Popular Young Man Who la
Destined to Hake Hli Mark.
David E. Dale, the Register and Re
corder of Butler county, Is the young
est office holder in the Court House.
! The people have not misplaced their
confidence, however, as his natural
talents and years of training have well
fitted him for the important position
he occupies. His cheerful counte
nance greets all who have business in
' his sanctum.
He was born in Slippery Rock town
ship, this county, April, 1862, where
his father, Rev. Abner Dale, presided
over the Reformed Church. Besides
enjoying the limited advantage of
schooling in Butler county, he spent a
year at Thiel College, Greenville, l'a.
M r. Dale is a member of the firm of Col
bert and Dale, of Butler, who have the
largest gent's furnishing store in the
county. Five years of Mr. Dale's life
has been spent us Deputy Register
and Recorder, which opened the way
for his election on the Republican
ticket in the fall of 1890.
His practical knowledge of the intri
cacies of his office has proven to the
public that he is a faithful and respon
sible servant. Mr. Dale married Miss
Mary, daughter of Albert Wick, of
Butler, Oct. 7, 1891, their home being
at 228 Fulton street. Being young,
wideawake and enterprising, Mr. Dale
has the interest of Butler always at
heart.
The County and City Surveyor.
C. F. L. McQulstion, the county
surveyor and city engineer, is a young
man to hold so important a position,
1 yet he gives universal satisfaction,
and planned all the grades for the
sewerage and paving which was com
pleted in Butler borough last year.
. Brady township, this county, was his
| birthplace, April 17, 1867. He attend
ed Grove City College, and received
instructions in engineering and con
struction from R. F. Hunter, of I'itts
j burg. Four years ago, he entered his
chosen profession, and has made an
unbounded success from the start.
His office is located at 316 South Main
street. Politically, he is a Republican,
and takes an active interest in party
work. He is married and has one
son. Though young in years, he bids
fair to make a name for himself In bis
S native county.
DEFRAUDING BANKS.
RAVINGS BANK FORGERIES AND HOW
THEY ARE DETECTED.
•
A Xew York Ireunwr Tall* About the
Difficultly* In Keeping Track of People
Who Try to Draw Monty from th« De
poaltorle* of the Poor.
Few people from the outside ever get
closer to the business secrets of saving*
banks than in the lines that file continu
ally before the little windows behind which
(Its the teller. If there are close mouthed
people la the world they are the men who
cpnduct the business of these depositories
of the earnings of the poor. From the pres
ident. back in some carpeted recess, to the
watcher at the front doors DO information
is ever volunteered by them, and answers
to questions of bewildered Inquirers ars
given right to the point and as short as
proverbial pie crust. I
Therefore, when a savings bank official
talks of his business he generally says some
thing the public knows nothing about.
"I will tell you something that will sur
prise you," said Treiisurer Quinlan, of the
Greenwich Savings bank, to a reporter re
cently, in a burst of confidence. "You
wouldn't think that scarcely a day passes
without attempts at forgery in a big city
savings bank like this. It is no sinecure
to b« paying teller in this or any other
savings bank in this city."
With that Mr. Quinlan tapped a bell and
a boy responded.
"Ask the women's teller to bring in some
Of those attempted forgerl<ia," said the
treasurer. The boy departed and pretty
soon the women's teller brought in a lot of
receipts and put them before Mr. Quinlan.
They were stuck on a file and the lot was
nearly a foot high.
"All these were filled out within a few
months," said Mr. Quinlan, "and this is
•nly the showing in the women's depart
ment. The difference in the signatures on
these receipts from the genuine signatures
kept by the bank is all that enables the
teller to 'spot' them as forgeries.
RJSOCEST FOBOERT,
"Sometimes ths signatures are close
enough to raise a doubt as to their genu
ineness. In most cases the applicants an- i
swer all the test questions, so you see a
paying teller has got to exercise consider
able judgment."
"Do you pioeecnte all these cases?"
"Oh my, no. Some of them are inno- j
cent attempts at forgery and some are
criminal."
The reporter confessed his ignorance of :
what was an "innocent" attempt at for
gery- .. .. ,
"An innocent attempt," said Mr. Quinlan,
"is where a person signs a receipt for, say,
Mary Jones, Innocently. 'How is this?'
the teller says. 'This Ls not the signature
of Mary Jones.' 'Oh, Mary Jones is my
sister,' is the reply. 'She sent me here to :
draw the money for her.'
"Then the teller tells the sister to go ,
back and get an order, or to tell Mary Jones
to come and draw the money herself. If It
is an innocent case the sister goes away
and does as she is directed. If there is any
crooked work the alleged sister storms and
fumes and insists, and the teller quietly
hands her over to the police and prosecutes. I
"Sometimes the guilty ones go away
without making any fuss. In every case, j
however, guilty or innocent, we make a
note of the circumstances in a book and
look out sharply that the proper person
gets the money on that acconnt thereafter.
Of course we keep the receipt with forged j
signature."
SEVERAL ACCOUNTS.
"Do you ever pay out to the wrong per- i
•onf"
"Seldom, indeed. Sometimes, however,
the shrewdest teller will get caught. One
young man went tip to Sing Sing yester
day for Ave years for extracting a small
mm from this bank on a forged signature.
Another young man is just about to be let
out of Elmira reformatory after serving a
sentence for the same offense.
"Nor is that the only dodge they try to
work." continued Mr. Quinlan. "I re
member when I was teller a good many
years ago a woman came to have the inter
est entered in her book. She handed up
her pass book, and it Btruck me that I had
entered interest in a pass book for the same
woman not long before.
" 'Madam,' I said, 'didn't I enter up in
terest for you last week?'
" 'No, sir,' she said.
" '1 am certain, madam, I must have
done so. Weren't you here a week agof "
" 'No, sir, I wasn't. Look at the book.
There is no interest entered there.'
"That was true, but I was sure I had
Been the woman only a short time before.
Well, I investigated and found that it was
the same woman, but another account. I
found she bad thirteen different accounts
with the bank. At that time one of the
bank'* rules was to pay 7 per cent, interest
on sums under $500; over that 6 per cent,
was paid on the whole mm. To get that
additional interest the woman had opened
np twelve 'trust accounts' all under SSOO in
addition to her own. I made her close up
all those trust accounts before she left the
bank."—New York Tribune.
An Early Fire Engine.
The earliest mention of fire extinguish
ing apparatus of any kind is found in the
building accounts of the city of Augs
burg, Germany, for the year 1518. In these
they are denominated "instruments for
flres" and "water syringes useful at fires." ]
Anthony Blatner, a goldsmith at Fried
burg, is credited with being the inventor
and manufacturer, he having at that time
become a citizen of Augsburg.
These syringes must have been of consid
erable size, as they are described as being
mounted on wheels and worked by levers.
Caspar Schott, a noted Jesuit, gives an ac
count of one built at Nuremberg, in 1657,
the largest squirting engine of which there
is any record. It was mounted on a sledge
ten feet long, four feet in width and drawn
by two horses. It had two working cylin
ders placed horizontally In the cistern,
whleh was eight feet long, four feet high
and two feet wide. Twenty-eight men were
required to work it, and it was capable of
throwing a jet of water one inch in diam
eter to a height of eighty feet.—Detroit
Free Press.
Negroes of Arkanwi Plantations.
The negro women of Arkansas are very
fond of their children and kind to them—
unwisely kind perhaps, as we Americans
are inclined to be. To all the other hard
ships of a woman's life here is added her
mourning for her little children, for the
careless life bears hard on them, especially
in overflow seasons.
Sometimes we are reminded of this In a
homely vet affecting way, as, when buying
some chickens and asking for more, I was
told by the little merchant:
"They aint no more, only but one old roost
er, and we don't aim to sell him, 'cause my
little brother that died he always claimed
hhn, and maw sayed she never would
sell him!" —Octave Thanet In Atlantic
lloetklf.
Hungarian Women.
In the Hungarian women we purposely
overlook any foibles that may exist, for,
without palaver, the Hungarian women
are among the most beautiful in the world.
They are not languishing, diaphanous crea
tures, composed of cobwebs and the odor of
musk, with- a sickly pallor or a hectic
flush in their cheeks. No; erect and
straight as a candle, hearty and vigorous
to the core, the rare pictures of good health
and abounding vitality. They are gifted
with small feet, full arms, plump hands,
with tapering fingers, and wear long braids.
The sun has spread a reddish golden tint
or a darker tone over the complexion.
The Hungarian woman is not a lieauty
of classical contour, nor does she perhaps
frequently present a riddle to the psycholo
gist, and ethereal poets will scarcely find a
theme in her for hypersentimental reveries.
She is rather the vigorous embodiment of
primeval womanhood. —Wilhelm 9inger in
Harper's.
Death News In a New York Paper.
Plain death excites but little attention.
It must be presented in some novel form
to claim particular notice in a community
where there is an average of a death every
ten minutes of each twenty-four hours.
Even deaths of a violent nature must pre
sent new phases or Involve people of im
portance to \ms worth much apace in the
New York newspapers.
Suicides have become so common and
uninteresting that it ls not unusual to see
four or five attempts In that line occupy
not more than as many Hues, each grouped
under a general head. So small and utter
ly Insignificant a thing is death in a great
city.—New York Herald.
A Curious Ta*.
Among the curious taxes levied on trades
people In Corea is one on sorceresses arriv
ing at the capital, where they had to pay
the board of revenue a certain number of
logs or sticks of wood, for what purpose it
Is not said, but certainly not to burn them
with later on, for they are an influen
tial claaa In the community. The tax Is no
longer levied.—Philadelphia ledger.
WORLDS FAIR TALK.
MR. WELLMAN WRITES OF HIS
VISIT TO CHICAGO.
n»e Congressmen Who Krcrntli \ Uitrd
the Metropolis of the Central West De
lighted—Chicago's Rapid Growth—lts
Business and Its Enthusiastic People.
[Special Correspondence.]
WASHINGTON, March 3.—Having been
out to Chicago to see the World's fair
grounds and buildings I have some gos
sip to tell you that is not particularly
related to affairs at the national capital.
Chicago is without question the most
: interesting city in the world. It is a
marvel in itself, a source of continual
amazement to its visitors, but in ii s
World's fair it has a different sort of
marvel, a distinct and quick creation,
typical of Chicago itself and yet as
1 broad and many sided as the world for
whose use and entertainment it is in- ■
tended.
I ft TO not going to describe to you the
World's fair grounds as they are today,
except to say that the progress made
there amazed and delighted all the sen
ators and representatives from Wash
ington who recently traveled to Chicago
to see them. Statesmen who went there
suspicions, distrustful, fearful that the
exposition was to be something local or
provincial; that its art and architecture
were to be Chicagoesque, or that things
were to be cheap and undignified, cauie
away full of enthusiastic admiration for
what has been done and confidence in
what remains to be performed.
Chicago is essentially a city of superla
tives. It is the city of "the greatest."
It has had the greatest growth known
among all the municipal communities of
the world. It is greater than any other
concrete city in area. It is greatest in
parks and in boulevards. It is greatest
in tributary railway mileage, one-fourth
j of all the railway tracks of tho world
meeting within its limits. It is greatest
jin grain, in live stock, in lumber. It is
greatest in number of vessels leaving
and arriving at its port. It has the
greatest hotels, the greatest auditorium,
the tallest buildings. It has tho great
i est newspapers in the world, is the great
est subscription book publishing center.
, and on the authority of Edwin Arnold
has the most perfect newspaper building
and plant on the globe.
These are only a few of the greatest
things which Chicago has, and while one
stands aghast at the great yta onopolies
and great fortunes which she is building
i up, it is comforting to reflect that she
| will also soon have two of the greatest
' libraries in America—the Newberry and
! the Crerar —and that in the Chicago
' university, which John D. Rockefeller
has just endowed with another million
dollars, she is building np with charac
j teristic energy ono of the greatest insti
| tutions of learning on this continent,
j By long odds the best of her greatest
things is Chicago's public spirit. For
! tunately indeed is she in possession of
this superlative. Famed throughout the
country is Chicago for her propensity to
brag. Who has not heard of Chicago
i "wind?" But when you go to that city
[ and see what Chicago "wind" really is
j you like it. It is genuine love for and
| pride in his city which leads the typical
1 Chicagoan to boast, wherever and when
ever he finds opportunity, of the great
ness and the achievements of the munic
ipality to which he owes allegiance sec
ond only to that which he owes to the
stars and stripes.
In Chicago public spirit is the rule and
not the exception. The men who have
nothing but their day's work to depend
upon join hands with the men who have
made their tens of millions in working
for Chicago. At Jackson park, when
tho visiting statesmen and journalists
were inspecting the World's fair prepa
rations I saw H. N. Higinbotham, the
financier of the firm of Marshall Field
& Co., which does an annual business of
$40,000,000 a year, and who is himself a
millionaire, walking sido by side and
arm in arm with Bob Nelson, the la
bor leader, who probably doesn't own a
thousand dollars in the world.
At the Commercial club's banquet
Philip D. Armour and Senator Peffer
sat side by side—one the twenty million
aire packer, the other the high priest of
the Farmers' Alliance. Chicago, you
see, is a city of contrasts as well as su
perlatives. This public spirit brings men
of all sorts and conditions together.
Where is there another city whose
millionaires, business and professional
men would give up their own affairs
month after month for the public good,
as the men of Chicago have been doing
since the World's fair work was started
In earnest? While in Chicago I was
much impressed by tho energy and !-elf
sacrifice of prominent men in the cause
which now lies near their hearts. A
hundred of the most successful men of
, tho city left their business to escort tho
visitors about in Jackson park. The
Commercial club, which is composed of
forty millionaires, gave the city's-guests
a magnificent banquet, and every one of
the millionaires was there. These are
the men who have built up Chicago.
Their work of planning and scheming
could not be laid asido altogether even
for the pleasures of the table, and I no
ticed many consultations going on in
quiet corners. About 1 o'clock in tho
morning, as the guests were dispersing,
| Mr. Fred Peck, that Chicago man of
matchless energy and public spirit who
built the famous Auditorium, said to
me:
"You don't know how hard we are
working out here. Tomorrow, for in
stance, I have three World's fair com
mittee meetings to attend. The first is
1 at 10 a.m. and will keep mo two hours.
I The second is at Ip. m., and if 1 get
, away at 3 I will be lucky. The third
, meets at 3 and will fill out tho after
noon. This is the way we are working
i for the fair and have been working for
[ a year and a half. Wo not only stib
-1 scribe our money, but give our time,.
without pay or hope of any other re
\ ward than tho satisfaction of having
I performed a public duty. Tho men of
I Chicago feel that their city's reputation
• is at stake in this matter, that tho honor
of tlie American republic has been com
muted to their rare, and they are strug
gling manfully under the burden of re
sponsibility. The men who are doing
the bulk of tho work are men who do
not expect to reap a dollar of benefit,
directly or indirectly, from the expoai
tion."
What would you expect a World's ex
position to bo in a city of such men a?
thene? Another superlative, anoth'i
"greatest on earth," of course. It is
with this feeling yon go down to Jack
son park to see what has been done
there. Your expectations are already
1 high. But in a moment, after a rapid
I survey of the scene, yon lift your hands
' in amazement while your brain in vain
! endeavors to evolve an adjective befitting
j the occasion.
At least that is tho way it was with
me, who am naturally enthusiastic; but
j it was so also with such cold blooded
| men as Senators Peffer, Shonp and Gal
! linger, and Representatives Enloe, Cool
idge, Jerry Simpson and scores of others,
i Tongue cannot tell nor pen descril>e the
F ! scene on the shores of Lako Michigan in
7 ! Jackson park. Even tho graphic art
1 ' fails, and pictures aro but suggestion?
I of the magnitude and magnificence then
u . I found. It out Chicagos Chicago—out
' superlatives the superlative.
I i lam not going to attempt to describe
e it, but I will hint at it. Imagine a
y square mile or more of ground whicl
' less than two years ago was for the most
part a swamp. Chicago passes over il
i the wand of her magic energy, and now
! you behold a dozen palaces rearing theii
j roofs toward the sky. The swamp it
s converted into a park. Lagoons atnl
wooded islands embellish tho landscaiie.
y Hundreds of miles "of sewers, watei
mains, gas pities, electric conduits an
' ! nut in—it is like creating a city in a
II IL.
night.
A police forco with a hundred patrol
j men is organized, a fire department with
! a half dozen fully equipped engine
hous s provided. Ten thousand met
work on gT ,i Is and buildings. Onl\
in. «.f the- ■ k : ' - lt palao.- is nearly com
pleted. and it is a character! .-tic of tssen
tially inodt ru. alert, adaptable Cliicag.
that t'..:- one is a silent tribute to this
woman'- . M a era—the Woman's build
ing. Other palaces are half done, one
quarter done or just begun. The flooi
of one is so vast that a dozen United
Stat-s Capitols could be set down upon
it—"larger," says Senator Peffer, "thac
the farm 1 used to till ia Indiana."'
In another is a steel arch larger than
any other erection of a similar kind ir
tho world. Crowning still another is tc
be a dome greater and grander tnan the
dome of the Capitol or St. Peter's. One
Ls to have a doorway of solid IH-caral
gold and r. c. i.ipaxiion door of solid
silver. At »v. ry step new wonders un
fold till the visitor, stopping to kick ,
some mud off his lxH>t> and assure him '
self he is not in fairyland, asks if these
stupendous plans can be carried out, il I
the giant buildings can ever be finished
' in time for the opening day.
In the Woman's building a map of the '
grout;.Ls is hung upon the wall. A big, j
strong man. muffled in a greatcoat, |
stands before it, pointer in hand, ex '
plaining to the visitors the landscape '
and architectural designs. He is Chief
Constructor Burnham, and in thLs forest
of palaces, this cluster of superlatives
upon which 10,000 men aro working,
there does not appear to be a stone, s
brick, a truss, a spike, a timber which
ho has not before liitu in his mind's eye.
Instinctively the audience conclude#
and whispers one to another, "There ia 1
a Chicago man; see how he grasps
everything; he is master of the situa |
tion.'' And when, a moment later, Mr.
Bnniliaiu modestly says all these build !
iugs will be ready for dedication next
October an<l for occupancy two or three :
months later, there is not a doubting j
Thomas within sound of his voice.
There is universal agreement that il
tliia masterful man, this typical Chi
cagoan, says so, 'tis so.
Best of all i> not the magnitude, noi
the matchless speed with which work is
driven, nor the gold door, uor the super
lative steel arch and gilded dome—big
things we exjiect of Chicago. The best
is the art and the beauty of every detail,
' every effect. Not only is Chicago build
ing on a va«t scale, but she is building
with an artistic sense, in form and color,
with dignity, with impressiveness, with
every structure and every integral part
thereof perfectly adaptable to the func
tion required of it. Art is old and Chi
cago is young; but Chicago was wise
enough to trust not to herself, but to
cull her architects from all parts of
America and her artists from all the
schools in the world.
If Jack on park in midwinter, with
buildings in embryo and mud, with the
lagoons mere morasses, with no color
yet applied and all decorative effects
still lacking, with a hundred minor
buildings not begun and an air of new
ness and confusion about everything
that i^—if tho World's fair of February,
1893, can capture the imaginations of
skeptical visitors, what will the World's
fair of l!r03 do, when tho palaces shine
; with color, with statues, with flags and
ornamentation; when innumerable less
i er structure picturesquely till out the
i background, when a great pier and ca
sino adorn the water's edge and steamers
and pleasure boats fill the bay, when the
! banks of the lagoons present a mass of
t green in vines and flowers and their
: waters teem with gondolas, and when
mankind gathers there to see what good,
useful and beautiful things man hath
, wrought in this world's workshop?
My hope is that you and I and all of
i us will be there to see.
Walter Wki.i.«an.
A Pell Sketch of Governor Jiorthen.
W. J. Northen, present governor of
Georgia, is ono of the most widely known
and popular men in the south. He is a
farmer by occupation, and takes great
! pride in rearing line cattle and raising
fine crops. For some years he contested
i with tho late Hon. Primus Jones the
I honor of "getting the first bale of cotton
!to market." Ho is in the prime of life,
. hale, vigorous and full of ideas. His
' pet hobby i'l the future of the new
j south, and lio believes in encouraging
; immigration.
- ■———
ROMAN ARCHITECTURE.
Domestic Betlgni Wlileh Preceded the
Era of Public Grandeur.
So great has been the destruction in
Koine of many palaces and public monu
ments, even within the first three centu
ries of our era and of course much more
so since, that it is very difficult even to
trace the plans of some of the more im
portant which were known to have ex
isted, though it is impossible to make ex
cavations anywhere in the sacred city
without coming upon strata after strata of
houses erected at various i>eriods. To
. study her domestic architecture, there-
I fore, we have to go to Pompeii, a second,
i or even a third rate city, perhaps, but
which, by a provision of nature, has been
preserved in great part down to our own
day.
It is true that all the roofs and vaults
are gone, and of the walls only from ten to
twelve feet remain, but with these and the
description of various authors it is possible
torecoustru t in our imagination the gen
eral appearance of the city before It was
overwhelmed by the last fatal eruption of
Vesuvius in the year A. 1). It, which buried
the city in a shower of ashes, pumice and
stone in a layer twelve to fourteen feet
deep. Of the temple and other public
building it is not worth speaking, as they
are of far less importance than those in
Rome and elsewhere, but of the private
houses and villas of the upper and lower
classes there exists an inexhaustible sup
ply, from which the following general ar
rangements can IK* summarized.
The more important houses were divided
into two parts, the public and the private
portion. Of the former an entrance vesti
bule led to the atrium, a large hall open in
the center to the sky, the covered portion
having a roof sometimes supported by
columns surrounding the impluvium (a
marble b.e.u under the compluvium, or
open space in the roof.) Round the atrium,
and lighted from it. were a series of cham
• bers, sleeping rooms for the male guests,
recesses lor conversation and the tablinum
or sitting room.
The private portion consisted of a peri
style around an open court, in which there
was a .small garden; the triclinium or din
ing room; t he pinacotheca or picture room;
the bibliotheca or library, and suites of
small chambers used as bedrooms. Be
side these there was generally a court sur
: rounded by the offices, tho kitchen, bake
> kouse and storerooms. All these rooms de
, rived their light from the internal courts,
the exterior of the block forming the house
being invariably occupied by shops. In
which sometimes the lord of the mansion
kept retainer , who sold the produce of his
farms and lands.
1 From the walls which still remain erect,
we find thai they were all richly decorated
, in color, painted in arabesque and occa
* sionally with landscapes, figure subject*
.' and wreath* of flowers; tho columns were
i; of marble or painted in imitation, and the
. 1 floors inlaid with mosaic or with small
J pieces of marble set in cement. The roofs,
being- all in wood have |>erinhed, but their
; coverings in tiles, with the various orna
ments on the ridges of the roofs, are still
' found in the excavations. Such portions
I of llerculaneuni—a town close by— as it has
1 been found pos- ible to excavate (the lava
which overwhelmed it being of great hard
ness) shows even liner work than at Pom
peii, and those remains which occasionally
are found in Rome show a far higher qual
ity of work than that found in either of
'! these cities.—Cassell's New Popular Edu
' j cator.
• I When Woman'* Work Wan Valuable.
In early Bible days richly embroidered
raiment was enuii > rated with the gold,
< | silver and other valuable property of a rich
man. In that primitive age Dame Fashion
j was not the fickle goddess she is at present.
.' and the "raiment' so frequently mentioned
i in the Holy Srriptures descended from fa
1 t ther to nun as a valuable part of tho inher
-1 : itance. Raiment wits often sent, with gold
1 j and gems as a present to dignitaries.
- It took, not months, but years to orna
ii \ ment some of these garments, and the gold
. i thread so lavishly used in embroidering
, them was real gold. Moses describes the
process of making the gold thread that
was used in irnamenting the tabernacle.
The habit of mak inn presents of rare needle
work is still common among eastern na
' tions who changed their customs so slowly,
fc —Woman's Work.
I
JOSEPH HARTMAN. Prk- J V. RITTS, Vici Pw
C. A. BAILEY. CiMin.
DIRECTORS.
Hon. Jos. IlHrtman. J. V. Ritts. C. D. Greenlee,
E. E. A drains, D. Osf>orne, Leslie H. Haxlett.
Hon. \V. S. Waldron. O. M. Russell, M. Finegan,
I. G. Smith. C. P. Collins, Henry McSweeney.
When you desire to open either a business or interest account, or to
transact any other hanking business, visit this hank and your intercut*
will receive prompt and courteous attention, together with m great
liberality as is consistent with safe hanking.
THE BDTLER CODNTY NATIONAL BANK,
OF BUTLER, PENN'A.
BJIASSETB,
Sole Owner and Manufacturer of the
Gordon & Hasselh Oil mil Gas fell Packtn.
ILL KINDS OF FISHING TOOLS FOB H
TELEPHONE Na
NO. 121 WEST WAYNE STREET.
BUTLER. PENN'A.
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Engines, Steam and Gas Pumps, and all Kinds of Machinery
Repaired. Engines and Gas Pumps For Sale
and To Let. Telephone No. 7.
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