VOL XXVIII Dry Goods AT LOWEST PRICES AT THE NEW STORE OF D. E. JACKSON. We are new comers, but have come to Ftay. VI e boy our goods at lowest cafh prices and as we sell for cash only. We are enabled to sell goods at the smallest possible margins. We could quote prices on clean, new goods, no trash, from all parts of our store, especially on the following goods. Dress Goods, White Goods, Prints, Ginghams, Shirtings, Mus lins, Lace Curtains and Curtain Poles, Corsets and Corset Waists, Ladiea', Children's and Gents' Under wear, Hosiery, Gloves and Mita, Kid Gloves, Ribbons, Silk and Velvet, Black and Colored Silks, Cloth Capes, Bead Wraps, Jerseys and Jersey Jackets, Table Liuens, Napkins. Towels, kc., »ur prices with what you have been paying and see if you can't save money by dealing with 08, John M. Arthurs. 333 SOCTII AIAIX SCKEET. 333 E. E. ABR AMS & CO Fire and Life IN SURANCE •*- Insurance Co. of North America, inoor , porated lift*, capita! S3,WHi,(XK) and other / atroiitj couuisnien represented. New York / Life Insurance Co. assets $00,000,000. Office ) >ew ilubeitou building near Court HOUM. THE BUTLER CITIZEN. PROFESSIONAL CARDS V. McALPINE, Dentist, Is now permanently located at 130 South Main Street. Butler. Pa., in rooms formerly occupied by Dr. Waldron. L. M. REINSEL, M. D, PHYSICIAN AND SI ROEON. Office—sic South Main Street, In Boos build ing—upstairs. L. BLACK, PHYSICIAN AND SCKGEOX, New Troutman Building. Butler. Pa. Dr. A. A. Kelty, Office at Hose Point. Lawrence county. Pa. E. N. LEAKK. M. D. J. E. MANN. M. D. Specialties; Specialties: Gyna-cology and Sur- Eye, Ear. Nose and gery. Throat. DRS. LEAKE & MANN, Butler, Pa. G. M. ZIMMERMAN. PHYSICIAN AND BCRQBON, Office at No. 45. S. Main street, over Flunk & Co's Diug Store. Butler, Pa, SAMUEL M. BIPPUS. Physician and Surgeon. t\o. 22 Esst Jefl'trstin St., Butler, Pa. W. R. TITZEL. PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON. S. W. Corner Main and North Sts., Butler, Pa. J. J. DONALDSON, Dentist. Butler, Penn'a. Artificial Teeth inserted on the latest im proved plan. Hold Filling a specialty. Office— over Schaul's Clothing Store. DR. S. A. JOHNSTON. DENTIST, - - BUTLER, PA. All work pertaining to the profession. execut ed in the neatest manner. Specialties Gold Fillings, and Painless Ex traction of Teeth, Vitalized Air administered. Office om JeVtrni Street, one door Cut ofl.owrj Home, L'p Stain. Office open daily, except Wednesdays and Thursdays. Communications by mail receive prompt attention^ 5. B.— The only Dentist in Butler uslngfthe best makes of teeth. J. W. MILLER, Architect, C. E. and Surveyor. Contractor, Carpenter and Builder. Maps, plans, specifications and esti mates; all kinds of architectural and en gineering work. No charge for drawing if I contract the work. Consult your best in terests; plan before you build. Informa tion cheerfully jfiven. A share of public patronage is solicited. P. O. Box 1007. Office S. W. of Court House, Butler, I'a. C. F. L. McQUISTION, ENGINEER AND SURVEYOR, Omci NF.AII DIAMOND, BCTI.KB, PA. A. M. CHRISTLEY, ATIOBNEY AT LAW. Office second floor, Anderson Block, Main St, near Coiut House, Butler, Pa. J. w. HUTCHISON, ATTOBNEY AT LAW. office on second floor of the H uselton block. Diamond, Butler, Pa., Boom No. 1. A. T. BCOTT. J. P. WIIJSON. SCOTT & WILSON, ATTOENKYS-AT-LAW. Collections a specialty. Office at No. 8, South Diamond, Butler, Pa. JAMES N. MOORE, ATTOBMIV-AT-LAW AND NOTARY PUBLIC. Ofllce In Room No. 1, second Door ol liuselton Block, entrance on Diamond. A. E. RUSSELL, ATTORNEY AT LAW. Office on second floor of New Anderson Block Main St.. —near Diamond. IRA McJUNKIN. Attorney at I.aw. Office at No. 17, East Jeffer son St., Butler, Fa. W. C. FINDLEY, Attorney at Law and Keal Estate Agent. Of flee rear of L. Mitchell's office on nortli side of Diamond, Butler, Pa. H. H. GOUCHER. Attorney-at-law. Office on second floor of Anderson building, near Court House, Butler. Pa. J. BRITTAIN. Att'y at Law—office at s. E. Cor. Main St, and Diamond, Butler, Fa. NEWTON BLACK. Att'y at Law—Office on South side of Diamond Butler, Pa. ipilK BUTLER COUNTY NATIONAL BANK, Bctlkk, Pa. CAPITAL Paid I'p, - - - £100.000.00. OFFICERS : Jos. Hartman. Fres't. I). Osborne, Cashier, J. V. Rltts.Vice Fres't, C. A. Bailey,Ass't Cash'r DIRECTORS: Jos. Ilartinan, C. F. Collins. O. M. Itussell, 11. McDweeney, C. I). (ireenlee, J. V. Rllts, E. E. Alirains. Leslie Ha/.lett. I. fC>t tO DlSCOlOl?I —————J BEARS THIS MARK. # TRADE ELLU LOID MARK. NEEDS NO LAUNDERINC. CAN BE WIPED CLEAN IN A MOMENT. THE ONLY LINEN-LINED WATERPROOF COLLAR IN THE MARKET. "Thrift is a. \— — dood revenue resulte from I Wm'lo AHAI trv oAr U LI v It* is a.soli d cake scouring so&pi Try ibinyournexhhouse-ciea.ning beh&ppy Looking- out ovor the many homes of this country, we seo thousands of women wearing away their lives in household drudgery that might be materially lessened by tho us *of a few cakes of SAPOLIO. If an hour is saved each time a cake is used, if one less wrinkle gathers upon the face because the toil is lightened, she must be a foolish woman who would hesitate to make the experiment, and ho a churlish husband who would grudge the few cents which it costs. BIJTLKR. PA.. FRIDAY, DECKMBER 5,1890 (ioins To Leave The Farm. The work of the farmhouse was over for the day; the children— with the exception of the eldest son. who had gone to the vil lage—were in bed. and in the big comfort able kitchen Farmer Hare wood, his wife, and his wife's sister. Mrs. Lncas. were sit ting around a center table. The farmer was reading the paper, his wife was put ting a patch on the knee of little Harry's diminutive knickerbockers, and Mrs. Lucas was crocheting a hood of blue and white zephyr for a small niece. There was silence in the kitchen save for the snapping of the fire in the stove, the ticking of the big. eight-day clock in the corner, and the rustle of the farmer's news paper. and when Mrs. Ilarewood sighed deeply, both her ot getting oxygen for experiments, although many others exist. Oxygen is a colorless, tasteless, and scentless gas, a little heavier than air (specific pravity 1.1050), and only slightly soluble in water. It was first condensed to a liquid by Pictet and Cailletet, but the operation was quite difficult. It refracts light the least of any known substance. AT ordinary temperatures it possesses weak magnetic properties, but its susceptibility to magnetization is diminished, and some times disappears temporarily, at 325 R . Oxy gen has a strong attraction for other elements, excepting fluorine, and enters into combination with them, forming a great variety of compounds. With some elements it forms gasos; with others, solids. Some of these compounds give up their oxygen with great ease, while others do not. With one set of substances it forms neutral compounds; with others, alkalies; with still others, acids. With some elements it forms nourishing food; with others, deadly poisons. Mingled with one gas, nitrogen, it forms the air we breathe; combined with another gas hydrogen, it forms the water we drink. It is necessary to the support of all animal life, and hence was called by the old chemists "vital air;" but its actions upon the lungs is very violent if breathed un diluted for any considerable time. The distinguishing feature of oxygen is its great power of supporting combustion. When, by any rapid chemical action, light and heat are produced. conbnstiou is said to have taken place. Heat is usually neces sary to starh tho process, but afterward the heat given out during the process is more than enough to carry it 011. In regard to combustion, all bodies may be included in one of three classes: 1. Supporters of combustion; those which, like oxygen, allow bodies to burn freely in them, but do not burn themselves. 2. Combustibles; those substances which, like charcoal, actually burn in a gas of the first class, when raised to the proper temperature. 3. Those bodies which, like sand, iron rust, or earthy bodies in general, neither burn themselves nor suppoit the combus tion of other bodies; they may be made red hot, but they do not burn. The terms "combustible" and "supporter of combustion" are, however, merely re lative; for, although hydrogen is ordinarily a combustible, and oxygen and cbloriue supporters of combustion, yet these two last mentioned gases arc quite capable of burning when surrounded by an atmosphere of hydrogen. All substances which burn in air burn in pure oxygen with greater brilliancy. If a glowing splinter is put in to a jar of oxygen, it is lighted aud burns with a very bright light. Substances usually considered incombustible may burn violently in oxygen. For instance, take a steel watch spring, coil it into a spiral, tip one end with sulphur and light it, and put tho spring into a jar of oxygen. The spring burns with a dazzling light,and scintillates beautifully. The combination of oxygen with others elements is called oxidation, and the products aro called oxides. Com buhtion is tho combination of oxygen with another substance; so that oxidation is really combustion, and vice versa. The cases considered above are cases of rapid compustion. At ordinary tempera tures oxygen often enters into combination so slowly that the heat liberated is not per ceptible (for oxidation always causes heat) This is the case when iron rusts in the air. This is called slow combustion; but this slow combustion is always accompan ied by heat. A pound of iron will produce the same amount of heat, whether rusted iu the air or burnt in oxygen, on in the the first case it may take years to develop this amount of heat, and in the second only a few minutes. Under favorable cir cumstances oxidation may become so rap id as to raise the temperature of a dody to its ignition, when it bursts into flame, pro ducing what is known as spontaneous com bustion. This is especially the case in machine shops or factories, if pies ol tow, used for wiping oil from machinery, or piles of oily iron filings, aro left lying about for any length of time. Although the combustible, or body which is burned, may undergo such a complete change of form as to disappear from sight, yet there is no destruction of matter or loss of weight during combustion. When a candle burns it seems to be completely destroyed, leav ing only traces of ash. However, it may be shown that there is no actual destruc tion of the caiulla's components, but that they have combined with a certain propor tion of oxygen, forming carbonic anhy dride and aqueous vapor; and these, al though invisible, really weigh more than the original candle, the gain in weight rep resenting the amount of oxygen necessary to produce tho change. Metals oxidize more rapidly in a moist than in a dry at liiospbere. In the the case of iron, the ox idation goes through the entire mass; but with other subtttaucos, like load and zinc, only a coating is formed on the surface, which protects the parts beneath from oxi dation. Slow oxidation is constantly going on around us, although in such a quiet way as to lie unnoticed in most Oxygen. existing free in the atmosphere, prevades averything, and shows an irresistable de aire to poKKees everything. The decay of animal and vegetable matter is due to oxy gen. which. by it* combination with them, breaks them up into simpler substances. It is this slow oxidation which rids the earth, the air and the sea of their impuri ties—a sort of smouldering fire which con sumes all waste matter. Its slight solu bility in water enable* it to remove impui ties from below the surface of lakes, rivers, etc., tbns keeping the water pure. The part played by oxygen in nature is of the greatest importance. It i» a sort of key stone in the arch of chemical elements, holding them in their propur place* by the vast number of combinations it makes with them. One of the practical consequences of Dr. Priestley's discovery, Prof. Liebig observes: "Since the discovery of oxygen, the civilix ed world has undergone a revolution in manners and customs. The knowledge of the composition of the atmosphere, of the solid crust of the earth, of water, and ol their iufluence upon the life of plants and animals, was linked with that discovery. The successful pursuit of innumerable trades and manufactures, the profitable separation of metals from their ores, also stand in the closest connection therewith. It may well be said that the material pros perity of empires has increased manifold since the time oxygen became known, and the fortune of every individual has been augmented in proportion."— Pop. Set. Xctcs. Her Darling In a Tree. Xear Kaine's floar mill stands a hemlock tree, which is probably 100 fret high, at the butt is all of six feet in circumference, and is minus limbs for at least ten feet up its jagged trunk. On the extreme top of the tree a wild grapevine blossomed and bore fruit this season, and a number ot the young lads hare climbed the tree at various times lo secure this luscious fruit. Dr. E. M. Sloan lives near this locality, and is the father of a bright, pretty little daughter, who is now in her 7th year, and is not overly large for her age. This little miss has often looked with covetous eyes on the success of the boys in securing the grapes, and lately she concluded to try the same method edopted by them. When dis. covered she was on one of the topmost limbs, standing upright, holding herself in position with one hand, while with the other she was gathering the finest bunches of grapes. lier mother having misoed the little lady went in serch of her, and discovering her position, to say that she was scared but slightly expresses her feelings,but knowing that to show any signs of fear might cause the little one to lose courage, she spoke to her in her usual pleasant manner, and commanded her to come down immediate ly. The little one, always quick to obey, immediately proceeded to do so, and as nimbly as a squirrel, she climbed down the tree and landed safely on the ground. A number of persons had gathered near while she was coming down, and while words of surprise were expressed at her nimbleness, yet a feeling of fear for her safety was felt by all. It was a daring feat. Farm Notes It is not what we produce, but what wo utilize that makes the profit. A weed has no better right to life in the fall than in the spring. A good picture of folly would be a man burning the straw his land had grown. It is noticeable that the large majority ot vicioas horses are handled by bad-tern ed men. Don't allow the threshers' engine in your yard unless there is a good screen over the smoke stack. Many men wear out a dime's worth of shoe-leather to obtain from a neighbor the gift of five cents worth of grindstone. Many a boy has been driven from the farm by being compelled to do chores while the men were nooning under trees. If a little clearing, a little ditching, a lit tle enriching or a little picking up is done each year, the farm will steadily improve. Rut if the tarin suffers a little neglect each year it will soon run down. It is better to teach the cows gentleness than to saw off their horns. It is better to think twice before you strike a cow than to think twice to find out why you struck her. Wagons and carts that are used daily should have the axles well greased at least three times a week. It lessens the work of the horses. Stood cn the Floor. Ella Ewing, a timid country girl lrom Scotland county, Missouri. poked her head through the transom of her room at the Commercial Hotel the other night and called to the porter to put more coal on her fire. Miss Ewing wasn't standing on a table or a chair when she did this but on the floor. She is eight feet high in her stocking-feet and weighs 234 pounds, and is not yet done growing or fully developed. II er father can walk with a plug hat on under her outstretched arms and her mother can hide boneath the generous folds of her skirt. The girl was brought up to agriculture and is a model farm-hand. Two years ago, Mr. Ewing says, she raked thirty acres of hay with a sulky-rake, and there are few young men of her age in the northern part of Missouri who can more skillfully manage a team of horses. — Chicago Times. The Congressman a Creek. Col. Lucius W. Miller, Congressman-elect from one of the Wisconsin districts, is a fullblooded Greek, and the first man of that nationality ever elected to an office in the United States, so far as known, lie knows nothing about his own parentage. His foster-father, Col. J. P. Miller, of Vermont, was in Greece when that country was fighting for Its existence, and on the battle field of Missolonghi picked up a little Greek boy, and being unable to find claimant brought him to this country, adopted him as his own child and gave him bis name. Some years ago theyoung Greek emigrated to Wisconsin where he has be come a prominent citiien. —"There is something that has preyed heavily on my mind since our engagement dear." he said "but I am almost afraid to tell you of it." "What is it. Georget" the young woman asked anxiously. "I am a somnambulist." —"Oh, is that allt" she exclaimed with a sigh of relief, "I have always been a universalist myjelf, but of course when we art- made one 1 shall expect to attend your church." taclfs that a person never forgets!" said a lectuier after a graphic description of a terrible accident that he had witnessed. "I'd like to know where they sell 'em," remarked an old lady in the audience who is always mislaying her glasses. —Poet's Wife: "Dinner is ready, de»r. This is the third time I have called yon." Poet. "In a minute. 1 am trying to make a rhyme of'go a fishin' aud prohi bition." Poets wife: "Oh, the rhyme is easy enongb, but the ideas don't seem to jibe." NO 5- Scenes In India. The following is an extract from a letter written by August Schmuck. now in India, to his father in Emlenton. At Yenangyauug there is a magistrate who deals out justice to natives and Europeans alike, not that they both get justice. There is no jury. I will give an instance of how Dacoits are dealt with. Last May six Dacoits were captured out in the jungle. They were brought in before the magistrate who heard the case or cases. After hearing the witnesses he condemned the six to be hanged by the neck till they were dead. The clerk wrote it down in a book. This hearing was held on Sunday morning und they were hanged on Mon day. The magistrate was hangman also. He 4id not know how to make a hangman * knot and Oliver and Colonel Mays tied it for btm. I will tell Oliver to give yon an account of it. The Burmese buy or steal their wives, or at least so lam informed. When a young Burman finds a girl whom he wishes to marry, the girt of course being willing, he goes to the girl's parents and aske them how many rupees presents they want for the daughter. If they can make a bargain, all well and good, the parents giving their blessing or saying amen. If unsatisfactory the young man goes to his love's house, calls ber out and immediately embarks for another clime, stays away for a short time, and then returns with bis wife. So yon see we have elopements here as well as at home. A police, inspector at Yenangy aung has got a Burmese wife for 250 ru pees. This is about as high as I ever heard of a man paying for a Burmese wife. We don't hunt game in Burmah the same as in America. Yesterday myself and four others went into the jungle hunting deer. e always take our food and water with us when we hunt. We had three coolies to carTy water and food for us and we took about eight gallons of filtered water, twelve loaves ot bread, one can Chicago corn beef, one can of mackerel and a fried chicken. We had three Uurwans, two of them with rifles and fixed bayonets, and five Bur. mans. The chief or head man we furnish ed with a short shot gun (muxile loader). So you see we had a party of thirteen. Sandy Miller, the old Scotchman; Prank Weller, Elmer Keighner and myself left the house yesterday morning at 3 o'clock, taking three coolies and tbret) Durwans with us, and went to Bhema whore we met Igwoch and his four men, and then started for the jungle. Christ was ready to go the night before but did not sleep well during the night and thought he had better not go. We traveled from 3 o'clock till 8, when we halted at the place where we had previously sent the coolies with water and food. We had been hunting in the jungle since daylight. Keighner and myself, a Darwan and a Burman went in one direction, Miller and a Darwan and Burman guide went in another, and Weller with Igwoch and another Burman and a still in another. We all came together at 8 o'clock tor food and water,Weller having seen one deer, which was all that was seen all this time. We ate and drank with great appetites, having had nothing since the night before. We also shared with the coolies who ate nothing but bread and sugar, it being against their caste to eat our meat. The Durwans would eat noth ing at a'l nor drink a drop of water because it had passed through our bands and was against their caste. The Burmans brought their food with them, also their water which was filtered. Their food was rice with curry, aud we gave them two loaves of bread. Breakfast we started off into the jungle again, this time my Bur man followed a deer track a mile and a half aud only lost it in the grass. It is a wonder to me how he followed it over the sandy ground. About I o'clock we met again for a rest. None had got a deer or even a shot at one. Keighner was near ly played out and went home with the three Durwans, who were weak, hungry and thirsty. We hunted till about 3 o'clock and then started home without firing a sHot the whole day, let alone getting a deer. We were in sight of the derrick at Khodaung and I had just remarked that I would not shoot a deer if I saw one when, coming suddenly to the brow of a chauug overlooking an open bushy place, I saw a small deer running to the bush and I fired just as it was entering the jungle, giving it n death wound in the hind quarters. The whole party livened np. The deer crossed a small dry bed of a creek and was endeav oring to clitn'i the opposite bank when Miller aud Frank fired, one ball taking effect in deer's head. By eating sparingly we made two meals of it. Could have eaten it in one meal. I got one two weeks ago yesterday. AUGUST SCHMUCK. A Revised Version. Mr. Bingo—Well, Tommy, what did you learn at Sunday-school todayT Tommy—l learned how to say grace. Mr. Bingo—Let's hear it. Tommy (meekly)—lt only goes with two pieces of cake. —lnk stains can easily be removed from the fingers with the head of a parlor match. Moisten the ink-stained spot and rub it gently with the held of the match, keeping the skin wet so that it will not be burned. —A German left his wife in the old country fourteen years ago and settled in Whitewater, Wis, and married again. About six weeks ago his deserted dreamed of bis location and came oyer and went direct to the town, the street and the house, aud her old man now sits in jail and wonders about the magnetism of souls. —A minister at Goshen, Ind., halted in his sermon the other Sunday evening and said: "There is flirting, talking, note writing, tobacco and gum chewing and visiting going on here, and I will stop until you get through." After waiting fifteen minutes and seeing no change, he closed the services and went home. —lf you don't want to have nitimate trouble cure your ca'arrh now by using Old Saul's Catarrh Cure. It ooita but 26 cents. One lap (its mother's) tor the well baby in daytime. About 700 laps of the bedroom floor at night for the happy (t) father un less he has Dr. Bull's Baby Syrup to eaf« the little sufferer. —One of the greatest ills of the earth- Chicago, Ills. —Papermakcrs are using the banana plant for paper making. They will slip up on this some day. —lt was a Scotch grave digger who Mid: "Trade's very dull noo. I have na buried a leevin' creetur in a fortnight." "The winter," saith the goose. With sadness in her tone, "Will be both long and cold, I feel it in roy bone." —"I am always getting stuck" said the type. "Nevertheless I have a rerv gocd impression of you," answered the paper. - iladf I should say so! They seat.d me by the biggest fool in the whole room." "No wonder you were beside yciurfelf!"