VOL XXVII.
I'ttoFESKK >NA L CARDS.
. . /. IM M t RMAN.
I, R | .
4 .. .*:••• i 'Hi t i
SAMUEL M. lilf'PL'S.
|Oiy.-n i:u. ..i:«t Surgeon.
-. .. 1 I • I . I . l;< 1. M l«i lln. i »
W. H. TiTZEL.
I'll VU IAN ; KG EON.
.» U Oorlier Main and North HI Butler. i'a.
J. W. MILLEK,
Architect, <E. and Surveyor.
Contractor. I arpeilter and IJnil.ler.
M 1.1«i.- »|)euHw<itiM ar.d esti
mali -: all kinds >il architectural und en
i. •iHiif v. mi. No charge lor driving if
I i oiitract the wort-:. Consult your be*t in
terc-t*; plan before you build. In lorntu
tion ctn erfullv A share of public
palri i age ; solicited.
|\ tt !:■ x 1« <>7 Oibct S. W. ol Court
Uous-, Butler, Pa.
C. t. Wi UUISI ION,
\M» suivkyou,
llfllll Nh.VU IIUU'IM' HCTI.UK. I'«.
J .1. DONALDSON, Dentist,
butler. Fenn'a.
ArliM'ikl i-'ila Ifc-trlcll <li III)' latest Uu-
I'Ujm-.I i.01.l l-illinn a t-jxclalty. Olln e—
• :WI .S'l'itUih' lo(iiltl|£ hlort'.
UK. S. A. JOHNSTON.
DENTIST, - - tiUTLER, PA.
A: well; pertaining to Ule plolesslou MWUI
t it in 'ln u.-dlesl manner.
.-•|n eialtles Oolil I illliiK". and Painless Kx
tra. tiou >1 11 etli, \ llall/dl Air amnllilstereil.
or., imi l< frr«in Strut, mo Joor Kant ofLowr)
llomtc, I p Stairs,
iUlice open daily, except Wednesday* and
Ttonr-'la-.i. • Vminuiileatioiis by mail receive
prom i»t attention,
V I>.- The only OMMIKI iu liutler
li.nl makes uf lee til.
•J. w. 11 U rCHISON,
a ili.t.M-i A'l I AW.
tit 11 i n ■. • nil "I lie- Museltou block,
1 !i*liaai<l, liutli r, I'a , iioolu So. I.
A. T. mt'tr. J. c. .viijw.s,
si.OI T & WILSON,
AITOII.NKY.S AT LAW.
t elli I tlolis a hp • l.ilty. 'Utle at Nil. », South I
i)iuiliouU, Hull*?!'. i'a.
JAMES N. MOOHII,
A , iOU.SJi*-AT-LAW AND XuTAKV i'l'.-i H .
t>* IkNfin No. I. j*«ooiid iloor oi lluscltou
|{|D( k, iMitraiwe uu LiLiiooijtf.
A. E. RUSSELL,
ATIOKNKY AT I .AW.
oil Het'ifltU 1100 l <»l "Nf.V -VtA'l*'. OH bio' k
Main Si..- near Diamond.
IK A McJLNKIN.
Attorn. . at I aw, ofllce ul No. 11, Kasl Jeller
kuii Kt., liutler. I'a.
W. C. UNDLEY,
Aliorniy ul l««\» uml Km I I -Utte <>f (
(i-of 1.. Z. MiU IH II H office on north |
01 Dfciwond, B>itlcr r I'a.
H. H. GOUGHER.
AllOf!i**y at-law. Offlct* on h< .:oml JJool' ol
Auder-ou m?ar i'-ourt Hoube. Jiutier,
i'a.
J. t. bK ITT A IN.
All i af l.im - OjHc» il S. E. Our. Main Ml., ami j
I'iaiiioud, liullti, I'a.
NEWTON BLACK.
.Ml >al t i\\ onon SoUlli bide of liiainonO
ilui ii.r. Pa.
JOHN M. K US SKLL,
Altuinev-at-l.nw. Ollicc Oil Hnutll *Ule •>1 l>ia
niolid, Hiitiei . I'a.
L S. MrJUXkIX,
liiHiranrc ami Kcul EsUitc Ag'l
17 fc-AST JKFFKKIjON Sl'.
MUTLEIt, - l»A.
lii EABKAMS&OO
Fire and Life
I N S IJ It A N C E
liisuniiie k Co. <»i N'.rtb America, incor
|iurHtrd 17:*', capital j ;,CIHI,OIIII mid other
ntrocK wuiijiuii s lejireienl I. New York
I ile Insurance «I. , »—ets s'.lO.tltilljOtXi. Office
New llnselU ii building near I'onrt House
HliTliKK COUNTY
./ititis.-.S f ire insurance Go.
j;!:cs Oor. Main & Cunningham tits.
■ l. C. ROKHSINU, I'ItEHtuKNT.
li. IIKINEM AN, SKCHRTAK*.
i'Oiib:
1..C, Itiw'v inn, Henderson Oliver,
J. I. Kiirvli, .lame* Mtepheiison,
A Trout mail, 11. Ilelnemaii.
Altreil Wick, N. Weilzel,
lir. W. 1 rvln. !'r Itlikenliach,
J. W. Hurkliart, l>. T. Norris.
LOYAL MMUNKIN, Gen.
a in'L HIR, Tr > A -
UK( SHORE HURSERUS.
MH I FA.
All r«tuck j/u.iranti ,1 t<» in* in good Con
dition when dHifcred.
Wt* r« |iU( f nil trff-rt that Uil to grow
KKFKRKNCKS IN HI TI,Kl: ;
» 1. > . \V 'I M»« JJHIM*
. liaiior, Jr ,-I I. loi , 11.#?, (no. hliairiM*r
0 V. aik«-r, K-.j I• hI liuiln't K.-.i and I)
< l<-i land.
G. F. KiNG, AGT.
1.1 11. J111.1.i li 11,11 .. 11l II l li, I' \
Siil< snit.il Wfinletl
I>i eauv:,.--H tor tli*' m,i> cf i.iuxerv slm k. .Sit
ujtl'.os |.. im,io> el. -alary soil . \neitHCH Iruin
ii,. si.nr. <{Ulck-i|UiiK taxlallles. .o i\|n r
l< ill e l,e. . < Mil nt It •••■. Will, [..rill m>
Mat lux U;^e.
II I hliuKl «:•«», .Saru-rjiarn
II!H sl« r, S. V.
y f, ' • .'t > r| . f *
•.v. ' ' nt Hit) 4 • ro\> (i
■ :•*; • , ■ '
, y&b ...
v ' 5. :D U f?^OMAB,
a -MjJi ui,ieU a.i i n *c>..in.
-illiiyi** uu w *U»J»'t«a »wrt> Clil^A^'Jr
THE BUTLER CITIZEN.
"Wilham JLAND. * n
=,
I ; 30 S;"MAINST
*>■ ; j " |$,U-TL' EH
4.—^
®.IEI , I'EKSOX ST.-
j S I) OR N E,
• > • ! . in;;! ul l.ujie in. ! love and youth and gladne-
White wingetl ciiibieiii! brightest, bet<t and fairest''
Willi
in the (.!«■ - where the f.-niily uliitli'f, be it cabin or castle—'•Home, Sweet
1 ii.int " One stiiali pet v here my tired mind may rest and call it home.
So ui' ni'_'tre.-t, l,Pi»in ttrij Come and jiet eonift of our nit'e ali
I'aper and Window shades, und lit up that "spot" bright and new Hang
the Hulls with a few of cur l'eauiilol Pictures, and add the necessary line
art furniture, which we s«re i lie ring very cheap Then plate on your table
and in ur shelves a selection of choice books which we now sell at bargain
prices, and assuredly iu thai "-pot - ' you will find a borne indeed.
Why -liquid your wall- be !>are and dingy when a little taste and trilling
expen.-e will lint, -form the room into a place of cheer and beauty.
And eyery yerd ol Wall Paper from our cheapest at h ceuts » roll, to liirge s hand
made, oii.l tint-! ...ml riinb ... shaded sfieciaN at si a roll, every yard i-* au object lesson
in biitiiiy, t..-ie •. I citltuii Willi a sUK'k'ot the latent and best in every line and
({epb.-iMeut, t.:,.| -jl -tiien nt't'ou i juJjjement and eiperienc -, we invite our lriends and the
the |;. I 'lit- to i | a;, 1 i «amine our ;/)iid» t feeling conti lent tli it we c n satisfy ail reasona
ble deicands.
HENRY BIEHL
i I NOli'i II MAIN tVi I.'KK'J .
BUTI bu R,
DEALER IN
Ihndwiiiv ;11hI House Funiisliino- (hkxls.
(2o()0 Stitclie.s Per Minute )
Ai» rit-uitiii'cil Jni|>leineiits,
Kramer Wagons,
iiu^f-'itJ iu 1., U lit t l Harrows, Hrnniiiier Wsisbing Macliinep,
Ni w Suiisliine si mi Howard Stoven, I'aLle
anil |mki t Cuflt ry, Iliingiiig Laiii|i», Man
tilacl oier t>l Tinware, Tin
l'«i.ling ;ii..l t*petlliiig A Specialty.
WliKIiE A Cim 1) ( AiN lil \ AS t IIKA I' AS A MAN.
.L K. (jK IKb. PROF. R. J. I.AMB.
(tRIKB &liAMlt'iS MUSK' NTOHK.
NO. Ki SOUTH MAIN ST. BUTLKK. PA.
Suit; < Hntler, Mercer and
i iitniitj, Packiird, Crown, idirpenter and
Netv Eugliiiid OrgitiiK f 'i'uler.s in Violins,
iign, Bruno CuitniH, and
All Kinds of Musical Inslruments.
SHEET MUSIC A SPECIALTY
I'ianott and Organs told on iiistallineul». (>ltl liiMtrmnents
taken in excliange. Come and see tin, as \\»:
can save you money.
Tuning and Kt pairing oi all kinds of Musical Instiuments
Promjitly attended to.
GREAT REDUCTION
AT
I{. Cxi »' I tOB'SrS,
1(» Hontli Mam St., - utler* L'a.
In Wafchcs,
Clocks,
.Jewelry,
And Spectacles.
j liepnii'ino I'romplly Attended To.
SIGN OK ELECTIIIC BELL.
•^soohweP
SAPOUOare QUICKLY MARRIED
SAPOLlOisoao of the beat known city luxuriea and each time a ca ko
ia used an hour ia saved. 0a floors, tables and painted work it acts like
a charm. For scouring poto, pants and inutala it lias no equal. If your
Btorc-kcopei do •» not keep it you should insist upon his doing 80, as it
.ilwayo fcivua satisfaction and its Immense salu all over the United States
tuakcu it an almout nw eaaary article to any well supplied store. Every
thing shin after ltd uio, and oven tin children delight in using it in
j their attempts to liolp aiound tbo liouso.
IN AN OLD HAT.
An auction .vas going on .it the old yel
low farm house on the hill. Bachelor
Barker was dead, and his heir, a voung
nephew whom he had never seen since the
hoy was b.ur years old, had come down to
si li tiling" "II- ttum.ir .-aid he intended to
tear dowu the old house afterward aud
take money lroui the bank and building a
fine new residence, with a mansard roof.
"It's a shame,'' said one or two. Such
a pitj Baikcr did not make a will lie
must have had some intention about such a
property. He never could have intended
all that wealth to go to a hoy he did not
like enough to over for the summer.
The doctor felt sure he would have
founded a hospital, and placed him in it as
a resident physk-ian for life, if the will had
been made.
Tne clergyman knew Le meant to do
something for the church. The professor
had heard him speak of a free library an.l
reading room. Every one knew of some
thing. and all the far away cousins Lad ex
pected legacies.
Kvery one thought the arrangements all
wrong, but the heir und the auctioneer,
who had made an inventory of the old fur
niture—the tall clock, the andirons, the
solid tables with lea\es, the spinning
wheels, big and little; the tiddle-bach
chairs, aud all those other possessions
adored by the fashionable to-day but utter
ly despised twenty years ago as "old
things that were not worth their keeping.'"
The young heir would, if he built his
villa, furnish it with "sets" of the latest
style, with Brussels carpets, with white
grounds and bright wreathes of roses
scattered over them.
"Can't get much for the old sticks," he
said, "but I'd like to clear up aud be done
with it."
Miss Camiohi Brown, silting at the front
up chamber window, cutting out calico
shortwaists for Mrs. lilack's five little
boys, laid down her shears for once in her
life, and with her elbows on the sill.watch
ed the people as they walked or drove
past, and entered in at the gates of the late
Mr. Marker's premises.
"Poor Benjamin!" she sighed. "1 won
der whether up in heaven he remembers
the day when he took me iu und walked
nie all through the old house.''
"The things are old fashioned, Camiola."'
he .-aid to me; "but they were my mother's
—and before that they were my grand
mother's. I like them, but say the word,
i and I'll new furnish." 'Xo, Ben,' says I,
j 'what your ma liked to have, I don't want
to alter. I like it all; it's stuff'—and then
—and then he kissed me."
Miss Cannula Tilt f«>r her handkerchief as
she said this to herself. "A ml we stood
at the grand window and looked oil" toward
the mountains. 'We're going to be happy
as ever folks were,' said be. Ilcre the
tears began to lull. "Oh, Ben," sbe sobbed,
•"to think we quarreled after that, and
didn't speak when we met. But you never
married, and I refused two offers—good
ones. But, Ben, I guess we'll meet tip
there some time aud make up.
Poor Camiola pat her head dowu on her
arms and cried softly among the purple
blossoms of the wisteria that veiled the
window. No one could see her from the
road. l!ut her tears dried soon, aud she
came back to the present.
They were selling the oi l furniture at
auction. The claw footed sideboarl, the
settle, the big mahogany cradle in which
four generations of babies had been rocked
—all these dear old things that were once
to have been l. r. . as Benjamin Barker's
wife, and oho was a poor -eaun tress, an old
maid going from l.onse to house for her
board ami fifty cents a day; looking for
ward lo feeble old age, and with an awful
dread in her oul i f becoming "town poor"
at last.
If she had married Ben, how differ-at it
would have L« en.
"Why, Miss Cumioln! you've been a
crj in'?" said Mrs. Black » load voice, just
then, in her ear. Camiola started guiltily,
hut she was too candid to complain of a
cold or the sun in her eyes.
"Well, 1 have cried a little, Mis Black,"
said she. "You see, we Used to be friends,
Mr. Barker and I, and I knew his ma, and
I remember all that furniture, and it seems
a sin to sell it and tear down the old house,
und maybe root up the lilacs anil straw
berry shrubs, and, perhaps, cut down the
trees. It almost like home to nie in
Mrs. Darker's da) .
"Well, it must sceio a sin to any one,
aud more so to you, Miss Cumiola," said
Mrs. Black. "But don't jou want to go
over and see the place, and what is going
on.' You might as well just take a day, or
the re .t of it. I'm in no hurry, and you
look tuckered out."
Mrs. Dlaek was kind in her way, and
felt a certain pity for Camiola. She had
hcaid that Camiola was once engaged to
Mr. Darker, and might to-day have been a
rich and important widow, instead of a
poor, lonely seamstress.
"(io along, Mis« Cumiola," she udded
"l know you want to."
"Did she want to?" Camiola asked her
self; and from her heart cume the answer,
She would see the old homo once more,
see the old furniture; and when she could
get a chance she would go up iu the garret
and stand where -he stood with Ben that
day. Her old elbows should lean where
her young ones had pressed; she would
look out over the mountains, and fancy
herself a girl again, with Ben beside her,
and his engagement ring on her finger.
And Miss Camiola thanked Mrs. Black,
put on her show bonnet with the washed
ribbons, and the shawl that had been so
good once, but was faded, and even mend
ed now, auil walked up the road, turned
into the lune, ami entered the Darker
garden.
The smell of the shrub came to her; the
lilac flowers were gone, but the willow
branches kissed tier lion net as she passed
under them.
The neighbors who saw her nodded or
spoke, but they w ere selling the tall clock,
and there was some exeituicent. Cumiola
stood at the door awhile, aud listened to
the bidding. Deacon Hickory got the
clock; Mrs. Amos Mole the daw footed
sideboard. A Jewish lady from the village
bought the trunks of women's clothing,
sold unopened, for next to nothing A unt
liurnaby, the washerwoman, got the tub*
ami irons very cheap, in a lot, and so on
and so forth
To i ainiola it nil seemed tragic. She
went up stair- v here people wcie poking
the beds and pillows, and examining tin;
toilet set . and curtain., and she I /in to
mount the garret .tair.
"Nothiu up there," said a well meaning
person, who was descending. "Tain't
Worth v. bile to lost breath a cliinbin'."
Camiola did not answer.
X''thing up there! IJov. lull- people
km-*.! There vas the window at which
tw olovir li.ul plighted their Tow- There,
perhaps, lingered ■nine ghost of her dead
pa t, and hi- \v I o It: J di J ,1b rly. and a
bachelor.
As her head aro e above thy floor, she
gazed i ngerly about her. From the raft
ers hung some branches of withered herbs,
and some ropes of onions. The trunks
hud been carried down, und uu old bcreuu.
BUTLER PA., FRIDAY, JUNKVO, 181H)
A coat hung upon a p«'g; over it. a hut
t'amiola went to the window. She would
not crv. for she had to face those people
down stairs again; but sbe muttered little
moans of anguish a - she stood there. She
reali/e.l what life wa< at that moment, and
it seemed very cruel to her—once young,
beloved pretty, and hopeful; now old, un-
I .v i wiiukled. at. I with nothing to wish
for. Xo wonder sbe snfTered.
At last she turned her back on the eter
i.al mountain.- urn hanged while lives
were lived, and while youth lied and love
departed, and graves were dug—and saw
the coat upon the wall; Ben's coat —au old
man's coat worn long and carelessly—and
a lug. broad brimmed soft hat. The worn
au went closer. She nestled up against
the coat, and talked to it and caressed it.
and she took the hat in hand and kissed it.
It was worth nothing It had rain stains
on it. Xjbody wanted it. But what a
relic it would be t<> her of Ben! only sbe
could not ask for it.
She could take it, hide it under her
shawl—all folded tlat. as it would be, and
keep it forever. Hen's hat—her Ben's hat!
Why. she Lad a right to it.
And Miss Camiola obeyed the impulse,
took the hat, and Lid it neatly away. It
seemed, almost, as though it were a theft.
Still, it would not lie wrong to take it.
When she came home
her the walk had done her good; her
checks were quite red; but sbe went early
to bed that evening. She bolted her door,
and undressed in a hurry. She put out
the light. Then she felt for her shawl, in
which the hat lay folded, and took it iu
her arms. A certain perfume that was al
ways connected with Ben's hair was faint
ly noticeable —an odor of bergamot. It
brought the past back vividly. It almost
seemed as though lien's head rested on her
heart. She clasped the old hat close, and
kissed it.
"oh. Den," she whispered, "1 was ready
to make up, but you was rich aud I was
poor, and I was proud. Oh, Ben, Oh, Ben,
Ben. my darling!''
And for hours she lay awake —the Catn
iola of the past—in darkness, which blot
ted out the changes in her face, and fell
asleep at last, aud dreamed of yottng Ben
and his perfumed hair, und heard him say
once more that they would be happy to
gether.
She awakened suddenly, in the early
dawn, and came back to herself. She
dressed herself, smoothed the trim bands
of hair, tied on her black apron, pinned
the cushion and the sheath of scissors * at
and then looked at the hat. Of
course it must he hidden away; aud she
spread a newspaper on the bed in which
to wrap it. and paused to look at it once
again
The inside of the hat presented itself.
The piece of leather which lined the crown
looked curiously thick. She touched it
with her hand. Under it was a long paper
folded into n l";,g slip; she drew it out and
saw that something was written on the
outside. Taking the paper to the window,
she saw that the words were these: "Last
Will and Testament of Benjamin liar
ker."
At this Miss Cauiiola began to tremble
from her head to foot, but she was a daugh
ter of Eve. Softly and reverently, indeed,
she opened the will; but she did open it,
and read it through, and when she had fin
ished she crept into bed again and lay for
a long while; for m it she had found
strange things. Some of Benjamin Bar
ker's money had been left to the hospital,
some of his land to the church, anil there
were legacies for many people; but the
homestead, with all its furniture, garden,
and farm land, and an income on which
she could live luxuriously, were bequeath
ed "to Camiola Brown, spinster, in memo
ry of the love I l;;n her all my lonely life.'
No wonder poor Camiola wept.
I'u! Mr. Black s on found out tbo cause
of Cannula's agitation, and Mr. Ulack v* as
a lawyer. The will was correctly made;
the witnesses were found.
Why Benjamin Darker had put it in his
hut lining no one knew. He often carried
papers there. Perhaps he meant to leave
it in safe keeping, but ho died very sudden
ly, with hat and coat on, as he was about
to drive out. But the will was found, and
was all right. Nothing had yet been tak
en away. -She money was refunded to
the purchasers of the old furniture.
The young nephew had a tolerable lega
cy, and made no fuss whatever, and one
day Camiola entered the homestead as its
mistress, ft was a strange ending to her
love story, she thought. She was there at
last, but bow ' It aimosl seemed to her as
though some spirtual union had taken
place between her soul and Ben's; and in
the sleeping-room, on a peg near the door,
she hung his coat and hat. There they
hang always, and to the stranger who
sees them aud looks rtt the mild old lady
rocking in the great chiir as she sews or
knits, it seems as though the master of the
house were within—up stairs somewhere,
perhaps. It often seems so, too, to Cami
ola.
Stones that will Swim in the
Human Eye.
Bye stones are really portions of the cot
iug of certain shell fish, aud serve to close
the entrance when the animal draws itself
within. They are of various kinds, but
those used as eye stones are hard stony
bodies, about the size id split peas, one
third to one-sixth of an inch in diameter, a
little longer than broad, having one mr
fucc plune and the other convex.
When they have been worn by the action
of the sea, they are very smooth aud shin
ing. Dike other shells, they aro composed
of carbonate of lime. When placed in a
weak acid, such as vinegar, a chemical
change takes place, carbonate acid gas is
given off, and iu its escape produces the
movements which are popularly supposed
to show that the stone is "alive."
When one of these stones is placed under
the eyelid, at the outer corner, the natural
movements of the lid iu winking push it
gradually toward the inner side, and when
it comes in contact with the mote which is
causing the irritation, this is carried along
and finally expelled with it. The belief
that such stone* have a peculiar detective
power, and more about iu tiio eye until
they find and remote the irritating sub
stance for which they have been "sent,"
has no foundation in fact.
It is interesting to knovr that iu the liu
, ug membrane of the stomach of the craw
fish thsro are found small bodies which go
un.ler th* name "f under the . »n<e of
"i i uli's eye " and look not unlike the true
eye tones. Th> y have some times been
mist liken for them, and pre numbly would
serve a similar purpose.
,\ml now tie' wfalthy people iu the
country town . are making preparations to
leave their comfortable, shady homes to
; mingle with the jostling aud perspiring
! crowds at the summer resorts
- The trouble with this world is that
I there i-. 100 much theory and not enough
| practice about it. Any young physician
! will nhmit this.
--When a ltus.-ian policeman desire- to
1' obtain royal fayor and promotion he
simply goes out and discovers a dastardly
plot to murder tin; Czar.
Niles on Taxation.
-\t the meeting ol the Stale Board of
Agriculture at Wcllsburo last Thursday,
Hon. J. B Kites, ex-Auditor General of
the State, made -omc remarkable state
ments regarding taxation in thi- State. He
said:
The dollar of one man is equal to the
dollar of every other man. U that dollar
is invested in Government bonds or in
mortgages it is no more secure than the
dollar that lies in farming land. Both
dollars should be under the same subjec
tions but such has been the machinery ol
legislation iu Pennsylvania for the last 50
years that the dollar of the farmer does not
pay :» p?r cent interest and is made to pay
five times more taxes than the dollar in
moneyed interests pay.
"If I only have #5,000 saved." he con
tinned, "aud want to buy a farm worth
#IO,OOO, I go to a neighbor and borrow the
T.'1.000. giving him a mortgage. Then we
are both just as rich as we were before, and
why should I be made to pay all the taxes
t.n this farm when he practically owns half
of it?
• The capital tax in Pennsylvania is a
cheat and trick," declared the ex-Auditor
(ieneral, "because it does not measure the
true value of corporate capital. A certain
railroad in this part of t'.ie Stale cos#
$4,"00,000 to build. This is covered by a
mortgage indebtedness of fli.HOO.o 0, and
the capital stock is put at $1,000,000 only.
On this the ruilroad pays the miserable pit
tance of #3OO to the State us tax. Why,
herein Wellsborn, a single little bank pays
SOOO of capital stock tax, aud there arc
vastly more paid iu local taxes here in
Tioga than this railroad, with its 0 per
cent dividends, is made to pay.
To-day corporate and personal property
in Pennsylvania is earning twice the
amount of money real estate is earning,
and yet is not paying one-half the tax.
The railroad, covered with a mortgage in
debtedness, is allowed to subtract the
amount of the mortgage from the value of
the property, and pays tor the difference,
or the capital stock tax. I cannot do that
on my farm, but must pay -0 mills on the
whole valuation of #IO.OOO, while the man
who holds u mortgage on my property
only pays :i mills tax under the act of lbsj.
So, you see. the Stale is getting tax twice
over on my farm, while the railroad prop
erty goes scot free."
Mr. Xil-s explained the opposition of
corporate wealth to the act <»! IS$5, impos
ing a tux on mortgages, and said that he
believed that if the law of ISS9—an exten
sion of the other act—is enforced, it will
bring more than three hundred additional
millions of capital under the 3-mill tax.
v In. li capital has never yet been taxed,
'and that, will help build your county
roads anew," he continued, "hut you must
see to it in yonr election ol legislator- that
it i.s done.
"But you must go further to get sub
statural relief," resumed the speaker
"Make the railroad corporations pay the
same share of taxation as the fanners—no
Jess, no more. By the report of the Sec
retary of Internal Affairs for 18s8 it ap
pears that the railroads in Pennsylvania
have a mileage of IH.SOJ miles und cost
#1,068,000,000. When the present tax laws
were made there was not $100,000,000 of
capital invested in railroads, so we are
to-day living in children's clothes.
"The average rate of taxatian on real
estate in Pennsylvania i !."> mills, and that
is a very low estimate. If the railroad
propi rty w as a.- scssed at that rate it would
bring jou #15,000,000 for macadamizing
your public highways, or, even suppose
these corporations were
fourths of the full value of the property, as
real estate is often assessed. Kven then
the State would lie +10,000,000 rinber.
"But all these railroads in Pennsylvania
paid into the State Treasury lu.l j • ar was
#1,230,860, or a little more than I 2-10
mills on the value I' their property. This
railroad running north and south across
Tioga county, connecting New York towns
with Williamsport, Pa., eot #0,270,000 to
build. It pays to the State #11,128 —less
than li mills on the road's cost—and any of
you furniers would be glud to have "your
farms ussessed al only two mills.
This railroad company has the right lo
do its legal business in this County Court
House and send its pauper laborci to your
poor house, and don't pay n cent of local
taxes. You farmers do all that, for its
bcm lit. This applies to every county of
the State, from Lake Erie lo the Delaware.
Now, if this railroad passing out of Tioga
county were assessed 15 mills, like your
selves, instead of paying #11,128 tuxes it
would pay the State $90,000, of which
amount the Stato would willingly make
Tioga county the pre a-nt of #BO,OOO lo iin
prove her county roads, and then the farms
in this county will only be paying #30,000
taxes instead ol $210,000, for agricultural
property would be ass. svd ut two thirds
of the value of railroad property.
"Dust year the entire taxes received by
the Stale autboritic from all sources was
$7,480,000, and that sum, coming from the
merchandise in thousands of stores and
factories, as well as railroads, is only ei|ual
to 8 mills in the value ot railroad property
iu the Stute. Why. sir, it the railroads in
the Slate were made to pay what they pay
in New York State, there would ho enough
money to repair every single county road
iu Pennsylvania, for it would ho equivalent
then to 10 mills or more than $1,000,000,-
000 of capital. What 1 have been telling
you is law iu other States. The moment
the railroud crosses the imaginary line that
divides Pennsylvania and New York, just
north of this town a few miles, it has to
pay tuxes like tho I'uruis it passes over.
This full Brook Railroud, which crosses
Tioga county, pays more local taxes in
one township of Steuben county, New
York—our adjoining county on tho north —
than its pays altogether to the State Treas
ury of Pennsylvania for its hundred miles
of rails within our borders. Bow would it
be among you Pennsylvania farmers if tho
taxes on railroads averaged #15,000 per
mile? Why, your county road problem
would bo solved."
General Nilcs closed his address by
citing the tax law ol' Illinois. Ohio and
oilier States to show that they all bring
the corporations up nearer to the Hume
niaik as real estate. Several papers were
read on technical subjects, and at 0 p. m.
the board udjourncd until fall.
Production of Heat in Llviny
Bodies
fD.it' <t mbustlon it IL.J principal
nitrogen compound-! i utaintd in living
bodii s, and their role iii the production • I
aniniul lit at, b_\ MM I: -rti. i land \ndei
—The data and results tiro given for i>-
teen nitrogenous bodie--. The average beat
id combustion is 0,400 cal tor patty bodies,
ft,700 cal. for albuminoid-,, arid 4.if00 cal.
for carbohydrates, taking ono grain mo of
each substance Tho eoncln ion is drawn
that a weakening of the organism, with
diminution of power of con umption of the
food digested shows it -elf lii-t by general
deposition ofthc most diflicultly climii, .led
substances, tatty matters, thoti by failure
to get rid of nitrogen n bodie . and finally
by incapacity to consume the carbo
hydrate-.— Attd- »"j of J'mi
—fourth of July next.
How they Proposed.
"One of the recent revolutions in tic
tion," -ai 1 a bald tii aded j..!ly old fellow,
who sat ia the center of a group that tilled
the window ~f a 15roa.lv.hotel the other
day. "i- the way in which the heroes pro
pose marriage to thf heroines. In this
generation the novelists make -tort work
of it, but whether they are any truer to
life than those who wrote and went to
their reward before theui is an open ques
tion."
"Well, how did you do it y >ursellT" -aid
another of the group. "Tell the truth
now and then we'll be able to judge, per
haps. how neur the novelists come to the
real thir.g."
'•That's just a little too personal," laugh
cd the edd fellow, "and besides, what could
you determine from one instance? I>ut
I'll toll you what I will do. 1 will relate
the incidents of a proposal which 1 know
to be true, names of the parties to it not
to be asked for. if each one of you will do
the same: absolute truth the only condi
tiou."
"Ageed, agreed!" was the chorm. "You
make the start."
"Well," said the old fellow, with a tw in
kle in his eye. "I remember a nice young
mail around our parts some forty years
ago. who was of an aliectionate disposi
tion.the kind that generally marries young
but he bad a saving appreciation of the
value of money, which is supposed would
keep him out of a foolish marriage. How
ever. he fell head over heels iu love with a
penniless but beautiful girl, who had a
score of admirers ali eager tor her hand.
He was anxious to win her, but he did not
feel able to marry on the income he had
then. Promotion in a year or M> was pret
ty sure, however, and he thought he could
hint to her that if she would wait until his
income was tiooo a year he would then
ask her to marry him.
•'After bringing the conversation deftly
around to the proper point, 'Alary,' said he
'1 have onlj- SSOO a year now, would you
marry me if 1 had slooo.f
•• 'John,' said she, smiling sweetly on
him, 'I would marry you on a hundred.'
"What could he dof Back out and lose
her forever or bind the bargaiu then and
there. He was made of good stuff, was
John, aud they were married soon alter,
much to the surprise of the villagers, who
had often listened to his condemation of
hasty marriages, and not without manj"
misgivings on his own part, but I believe
ho never repented."
"W bile we arc on the subject of mcicen
ary matches.' said another of the company
"I'll give you my contribution before I for
get it. 1 knew of an attractive widow,
twice married, who was left almost penni
less by her second husband and did not
know what to do for a living. ller last
husband bail had a big income and was
supposed to be rich, but in reality had al
ways lived up to the last cent of it, and
had left his widow only a few thousand.
She kept up appearances, however, aud
met a clever and rising young lawyer, at a
bull one evening, who paid ardent court to
her under the impression that she was
wealthy.
"She encouraged him and not long alter
sent for him to draw up her will. In the
w ill she bequeathed hundreds of thousands
of dollars in stocks and bonds among her
relutives and various charities. The young
lawyer estimated that her fortune was at
least half a million. Before long he pro
positi. was accepted and married, only to
find that his wife was penniless.
"I'm a cautious man," said auothcr of
the group, "and I'm inclined to think that
the best way to propose is with a kind of
a laugh, as if it were a joke. Then if she
accepts you, why, all right; if she refuses
you can snv j. u wen oniv in fun.
I remomb. continue J, "two young
fellows iu oni town who wore both court
in,: the same jjrl. Xi ilher of then. could
s:.j which .-he prefem 1, so nicely did she
phy both her li<h, n<>t willing to lose
either till one had IHCU fairly landed. One
evening I —that is, Jim; you understand
we will call him Jim. One of these fellows
to whom I refer, you understand. Don't
your"
"Yes, yes, of course," said every one,
"Jim. (io on!"
"Jim found her ulone, and ho began at
once: 'Miss Jennie, do you think you could
bring yourself to leave your comfortable
home, kind father, loving mother and lit
tle brothers and sisters, and go to the city
as the wife of a young fellow who ha* his
fortune vet to make and has nothing to of
fer you but his honest heart and strong
ami willing hand?'
"Jennie cast her eyes down demurely,
and after a moment's reflection said: 'Yes
Juiucs, I tliink 1 could, with the right sort
of a young man.'
" ' '.Yell,' said Jim, 'my friend John (his
rival) is going to Sew York to seek bis for
tune and wants to marry. I'll mention to
him what you said.' '
" 'You horrid thing!'she snapped out, 'I
thought you meant yourself! Oh, my,
what have I saidf' aud she burst out cry
ing and made fir the door. l!ut I caught
her and assured her that it was lor my
self."
"Why, what are you all grinning alt Oh,
shucks! T mean Jim caught her and ex
plained that it wa4 fur himself, aud they
lived happily ever after, as the story book
says."
"I'm afruid you let the cat out of the
bag, old fellow, but now we come to the
last man," said the jolly originator of this
experience meeting. "You're a bachelor
though, llrown, and 1 don't suppose you
have any reminiscences of that kind, have
you?"
"Why am 1 a batchelor, then?" replied
Drown. "Come now, I'll be honest with
you and tell you my own actual experi
once, as I believe you all have been doing
though you won't acknowledge it. I hud
studied how to propose gracefully, and
bought a ring and composed a little speech
und had got it down line. Drawing the
ring from my pocket. I struck a telling at
titude aud said:
" 'Will you wear this beautiful ring lor
my sake? It resembles my love for yon.
It has no end.'
"To which flic replied: 'Keep your ring,
sir. It also resembles my lovo for you. It
has no beginning.'
"Thus was 1 saved from u horrible fate
which I neve. teuipted '
"Hugh!" g I-d the old chap with the
marriageable daughter* "The luau who
■bun* matrimony for fear of it*potty care*
m like i no who cnt« n(T hi- leg for f> «r of
corns."
—Texas editor--A Mormon editor is iu
jail for upporiing four wives
Wife—You ay he was an editor!
"That's the way it reads.'"
"Just so."
'Well. I don't believe it."
—An exchange says that "the agricul
tural college profc -ors hav< figured it out
that two Knglish sparrows in ten years
will produce an ancestry t>f 275,710,WKt,-
008 bird ." The production of ancestry
mui.t be a feat belonging exclusively to
the sparrow other animals confine their
production to progeny.
A photographer paid Stanley X'l,ooo
for a portrait.
Depew's Tribute to Columbus.
in his to the l'res> » iub of Cbi-
L6gZ-i. II >n Cbauneey M Depew of Sew
York, after of the World's Fair
ami it- oljoi is. and also of the former
W • rid'- 1 airs belli in this country, paid
tne billowing grand tribute to the memory
of < liriitopber Columbus.
"The Columbus quadri centennial cele
hration will be the only one within record
ed time in which all the world can cordial
ly nod fraternally unite. It is not sacri
lege to say that tin- two events to which
eivilzation to-day owes its advanced posi
tion are the iutrouction of Christianity and
the discovery of America. The djnauiic
forces of our Christian faith, in the destruc
tion of the buttresses of bigotry and op
pression. and the leveling up of the masses
to common rights, could never have work
ed such marvellous results except for the
opportunities of h new country and an nn
trammeled population. Wbeu Columbus
sailed from I'alos types had been discover
ed. hut Church and Slate held intelligence
by the throat. The compass had opened a
pathway across the seas, but feudalism
had its foot upon the neck of commerce.
Hopeless ignorance and helpless poverty
were so burdened by caste and customs,
laws and traditions, that liberty lay bouud
and gauged within impregnable prison
walls. tiut Puritans and Catholics,
llugueuots and Lutherans, English, Dutch.
German and French. Swedes, most of
them fleeing for liberty to worship God ac
cording to the dictates of their own con
sciences. willing to sacrifice every mater
ial advantage and every earthly prospect
lor a civil and religious liberty, and all of
them seeking commercial freedom, follow
ed the track of Columbus to the new world.
Here was neither king or noble, neither
caste nor privilege. The distance was too
great for paternal supervision, and selt-gov
ernuieut became the absolute necessity of
the colonies. With no guide but God, and
no constitution but the Hible, they worked
tint upon this continent, after many hard
ships and trials and tribulations, the prob
lem of the equality of all men before the
law. They founded instiutions which have
withstood the test of foreign invasion, of
political passions, of party strifes, of indi
vidual ambition, and the shock of the
mightiest civil war the world has ever
seen.
The influences of their successful experi
ment. following the liues ot fraternal blood
back to the countries from which they
came, have revolutionized and liberalized
the governments of the globe. The
triumph of the principles of civil and
religious liberty upon this continent, the
bepclkial effects of the common school,
and the universal diffusion of education,
have done more than all other agencies iu
uplifting mankind to higher planes of in
dependence and happiness. The children,
the grandchildren and the great-grand
children of Great Britain and France, of
Germany and Italy, of Spain and ltussia,
of Scandinavia and of all the nations of
Kurope. will say to their kindred in the
fatherland: "Welcome, thrice welcome,
to our States and homes; come and see and
learn," and then will the era of peace and
liberty dawn upon tho world.
New continents beyond the ocean which
-hould become the seat of great empires,
and whose wealth would redeem the Holy
Sepulchre at Jerusalem from the infidel,
and evangelise the world, were the dream
of Columbus. Sustained enthusiasm has
been the motor of every movement in the
progress of .mankind. Genins, pluck, en
durance and faith can be resisted by
neither kings or cabinets. The triumph of
Columbus is a superb practical illustration
of the Apostle Paul's tribute to the power
of faith. His lofty spirit and great purpose
were undismayed by obstacles, defeat was
an intuitive to new endeavor, and ho so
carried his poverty that iu the most bril.
liaut courl in Europe it teemed a decora
tion. Whiii: following Ferdinand and
Isabella in their campaigns against the
Mon, seeking an audience and a bearing
for his grand scheme, small indeed seemed
the battles, the sieges and the victories
which absorbed the attention of the hour.
The armored chivalry of Spain, her march
ing squadrons, hor gorgeous court appear
ed to hiin the petty pageantry which stood
between the royal ear and the discovery of
a world. The most romantic picture of tho
period was Doabdil, v last of tho Moorish
kings, coming out from lirauada and on
bended knee surrendering to Ferdiuand and
Isabella tho keys to the city, while tho
cross ro.se above the crescent upon tho
towers of the .Mhaiubra. While all Europe
was ringing with acclaim over this expul
sion of the Musselman, to one proud and
lofty figure standing aloof and unmoved
it seemed of trivial importance compared
with the grander conquest so clearly out
lined before his vision.
It was a happy omen of what America
could do for woman that when statesman
and prolate alike had rejected the appeal of
Columbus as visionary, and the king had
dismissed it with chilling courtesy,lsabella
comprehended the discoverer's idea, saw
the opportunities of his success,appreciated
the magnitude ol the results to her throne
and to the world, and pledged not only hor
royal favor, but her fortune and her jewels
to the enterprise. Tho American woman
with her property rights guaranteed by
American law, with her equal position and
independence, with her unequaled oppor
tunities for higher education and for use
fulness, can say with pride to her brother,
her lover and her husband, "You owe
America to me."
Columbus stands deservedly at tho head
of that most useful band of men—the
heroic cranks iu history. Tho persistent
enthusiast whom one generation despises
as a lunatics with one idea, traccecding
ones often worship as a benefactor. The
ragged navigator at the gate of the palace
of Caetile and Arugon outranks in fame
and beneficent endeavor all the kings and
statesmen and soldiers, not only of his own
period, but also of those which have come
after. Following tho lines ol bis own
great conception, this celebration iu his
honor is not an empty pageant of music
and artillery, of banners and processions,
but a gathering of representatives of tho
industries of mankind for tho purpose of
enlarging tho liberties, promoting the
peace, improving tho conditiou und broad
ening tho intelligence of a race
Signing a ChocK by Electricity.
One of the mart els of eieotridty, aad
one of tho most striking of the KdlMi
■ xhituts at tin I' iris exposition. *M the
little instrument whi,"h enables the
operator t" • ign a check 100 miles distant
The v l itiuj.' to be transmitted is impressed
on Kofi papur with nn ordinary stylus.
This is mounted on a cylinder, which, us
it revolves, "makes und breaks" the
electric current by means of the varying
indentations on tho paper. At the receiv
ing end of the wire a imilar cylinder,
moving ill accurato synchronism with the
other, recives the current on a chemically
p epared paper, on which it transcribes
the ignatiire in black letters on a white
ground.
co rr. qiondent u ked one of our ex
changes "how long girls should be court
ed.'" und received an answer: "Just the
same us short girls."
THE DAIRY.
Ft"RE WATKK.
Stock man.
Much atrees is laid upon the necessity of
giving the cows pure water. What it pttte
water? One would suppose from what
some say on the subject that nothing but
water freshly pumped from a well or run
| ning from a spring is fit for cow to drink.
That is just the kind of water cows do not
I like: they like water that is a little warm,
and if it is stagnant they don't object to it.
Hut bacteria, microbes, etc., will be
j tound in stagnant water and will get into
, the milk." Exactly so, and they will not
j hurt the milk uor the ones who drink it.
, The tact is. that where cows drink from a
; running stream, or from a pool in the field,
there is no possibility of their not swal
lowing myriads of microscopic beings, and
there is not the least danger of any inj'ory
to the cow or to the users of her milk pro
vided there are no germs of infections dis
eases in the water, and this contingencv
is so raro that it need alarm no one.
CHOKIXG CATTLE.
A correspondent in the Stx England
Homestead has an excellent, as well as a
humane, way for the relief of choking cat
tle, and he thus describes it: "When the
animal becomes choked, I find the obstruc
tion by feeling along the throat with one
hand, and in nine eases out of ten it is
found in the gullet. With the thumb and
lingers, the obstacle can be forced out of
the way it went in, and generally the ani
mal is ready to assist in the removal. A
few years ago I had a heiter that was *
ed with apples every few days, and i..
ery instance I removed them in this v
without difficulty or danger of injuring the
animal. I think anything which an ani
mal gets into its throat and cannot ge:
down in the natural way should not b
punched or pushed down, thereby endan
gering the life of the animal, but should b
taken out the way it went in."
CAKBII UDDER.
Following is a remedy for caked udder
well tried and tested, Iroin the Jersey llu
Win: Take one-half pint of aqua-ammoni:'
one pint of soft water, one or two teaspooi
fuls of spirits of turpentine, one and on: -
half teaspoonfuls of fluid extract of bell:
donna, one and one-half teaspoontuls < f
fluid extract of fluid extract of phytolace:.
one and one half teaspoonfuls of saturati i
tincture of camphor. Shake well and b
ply with all the elbow grease and patien<
you can muster. Take abont a teaspoci -
ful at a time in the hollow of the hand and
gently, but with fufficient pressure, rub i.
in the skin of the udder until tho'latter
gets dry and quite hot; support yourselfl y
putting the unoccupied hand, with an • -
cassional patting across the patient's snii
After having treated both sides, iu fn . *
and renr (the latter as high np as the tvl
der reaches), to doses of liniment, get do"
under your cow und gently cominei. e
knepding the bag. taking first the wh' e
and afterwards part of the udder between
the open hands, rolling tho formor uu il
the formed lumps aro crushed, occasionally
milking bag empty. Stop use of liniment
as soon as coagulation disappears. lut
keep up rubbing and milk often; by nil
means avoid graining, feed only very spar
ingly, give plenty of water and keep tho
animal from getting cold.
BREEDS OF CATTLE.
By means of experiments at the .New
11ampsnire station by Professor White! er
we are enabled to make a comparison of four
four breeds, but we will only take the Jei
seys and Ayrshires; they produce respec
tively 2C7J and 267 pounds of butter from
J. 850 and 5.850 pounds of milk respective
ly. With the Jerseys 100 pounds of butti r
costs sl4 30, while with the Ayrshire the
cost is only $lO 70; tho cost of the former
is ninety-seven cents per 100 pounds to
seventy-eight cents for the latter. Bui it
takes only nineteen pounds of milk for a
pound of the Jersey butter, while 21.8
pounds is tho quantity of Ayrshire. These
facts may be interesting to fanners.
managing SBEKP.
Upon the ordiuury larrn where sheep iye
kept, but in limited numbers, and without
a sbepard, it is of considerable important e
to be able to control tho flock. This :s
very successfully done by taking a ewe
lamb and bring it np by hand. Always
exorcise kindness towards it, give it a num.?
and teach it to come at the call of itsnomo
by giving it a few kernels of grain of some
kiud or some food that it is particularly
fond of. When grown turn it with the
flock, and when they are wanted a cnll of
the cosset by name will bring it, and ibe
rest of the flock will follow. This is a p -
culiarity of sheep; when it starts all the rest
will follow no matter in what direction
they go, so if one is taught to call tl e the
others will follow, aud this saves the trou
hie of trying to toacb the entire flock ai d
will bo the means of saving many steps.
CUTTING GRASS.
There is a great deal said in agricultural
journals as to the proper time to cut grass.
Wo hardly think that any practical furuier
needs information about this, the oldest
crop perhaps ever raised upon the farm,
und one no farmer ever thinks of doing
without. It is a thing that presents itself
directly to the judgement and experience
of every farmer. The fanner is perfectly
familiar with the difference in quality and
in price of hay cut at the proper time—
that is just when it is about done growing
—und a later period when the bio suns
aro dead and the stalk is beginning to lose
its fresh green appearance. No owner ol
horses, or those having charge of borsrs,
who knows anything about hay—rnd thiy
all ought to be familiar with this impor
tant aud expensive article of food—can
readily judge of its quality from its eoli r
and sizo or stiffness of stalk.
We aro speaking of timothy, which is al
most wholly used for driving torses at
least, though a mixture of one-fourth or
ouo-eightb of clover is preferable by many.
Clover should, of course, be out outlier—
say whou the heads are in full bloom—and
cured as rapidly as posaible, and as moder
ately as will answer to store away without
fear of moulding. It is then worth a full
third more than if allowed to staul until
the blossoms are dead, wheu it loses a
portion ef its sweetness and becomes brit
tle, the heads breaking off and in a preat
measure lost.
Dining Car Sarrlce.
la the— days sf hairy —d »f*d tmm*
the dining ear ha* taw a» NMM
•IfBIDt Of 9TWJ
I'ennaylvalna Railroad was tie pioneer in
tho East of this branch of the s -rvi< *>. and
its dining cars hsvo won a well m»riled
reputation among travelers. In order to
better provide for the comfort of its
through passengers dining car will, on
and after June lOtb, be ad'letl to the
equipment of all through trnins ntnning
over tho lines wc«t of I'ittsbnrg between
the East and Cincinnati, Chicago, and St.
Louis. The principal trains on the lines
Last ot I'ittsburg are now eqnipped with
thoso cars, and their addition to those nl
the Western territory will greatly enhance
the convenience of passongers destined to
the three great Western termini.
Scrofula, humors, boils, pimples, and nil
impurities of tho blood aro cured bv Hooti ,
Sarsoparilla.
NO S3