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VOL. XIX
THE LAND OF THE MIDNIGHT
SUN.
[From Harper's Monthly for November, 1881.]
There is no accounting for the tastes
of travellers. Mr. Paul Du Chailiu
was born in Africa, where he made
wonderful journeys and discoveries
that earned him world-wide honor; but
although he proved himself superior to
all the torments of equatorial travel, it
was quite natural to suppose that year
ly, after his return, he would, on the
approach of winter, hurry shiveringly
from New York to at least the shores of
the Gulf of Mexico. What he really
did, however, when seized anew by the
fever of travel, was to cross the Atlan
tic and go as near to the north pole as
the route by land would allow. For
five years he remained within or near
the arctic circle; and although thou
sands of his admirers declared that his
imprudence would cost him his life, he
returned in enviable health, having en
tirely escaped even the rheumatism
that fs supposed to claim for its own all
travellers from milder clime*.
One important result of his trip is a
large and extremely interesting book,
just published simultaneously in Amer
ica, England, Germany, France, Swe
den, aPfl Denmark—an incident unpar
alleled in the history of book publica
tion.
Like the author's other works, ''The
Land of the Midnight Sun" derives
pinch of its charm from the novelty of
the scenes and people described. Por
tions of Scandinavia bave flt tiroes ex
erted mighty influences pn the remain?
der of Europe, so it would seem that at
least the southern parts of Sweden and
Norway would attract the attention of
many writers To Mr. Du Chailiu,
however, belongs the honor of having
written the first comprehensive sketch
of the country and its inhabitants. The
Scandinavian peninsula now devotes
its attention strictly to its own affairs.
It is not cn the read betwepn the re
mainder of Europe and anywhere in
particular; so, excepting a few English
sportsmen and an occasional party
whose first desire is to see the sun at
midnight, their second longing being
to g. t back to their comfortable homes
as soon as possible, the foreigner is sel
dom 6£en in the land, so the natives
are simply what their own
ings have made them, and their dress,
customs and homes are in a great part
unlike those of any other country.
Where else in the world is the buyer
trusted to make out his own bills ?
Where else do parents go to bed at
night before their daughters' love's ar
rive? In what other part of Jlurope
are there provinces where there are
jails that are never occupied, wnere the
annual death rate is not one per cent.,
and where jurymen are elected by the
people, instead of being drawn bap-haz
ard from aniong such citizens as are not
smart euough to shirk jury duty? Near*
ly every one of Mr. Du Cbaillu's de
scriptions of the people compels the
reader to believe that if the descend
ants of Vikings are so honest, indus
trious, peaceable and hearty, the dread
ed incursions pf alleged marauders did
not do England any great harm after
all.
The most striking quality of Scandi
navian character seems to be hospitali
ty, Throughout, JfoFway, Sweden
and the far north the author was hear*
tily received by every one, from the
king in his palace to the Laplander in
his tent. During five years of almost
incessant travel, in the coarse of which
every part of the peninsula was visited
Mr. Du Chaillu was coolly treated only
once. The Swedes and Norwegians
have the reputation of being reserved
and pold, but tfcis is trqe of them only
when they meet strangers of the c)ass
best suggested by the word ''tourist."
To any one whose interest in them can
not be measured by a stare or two and
a few impertinent questions they are
unsuspicious and oommunicfttive, as
well as cordial to the verge of affection.
Mr. Du Chaillu went among them free
ly, conversed with them in their lan
guage, wore garments like their own,
and took part in their labors, sports
and ceremonies. The treatment he re
ceived in return causes him to speak
most enthusiastically in praise of their
sociability and kindness.
As in all other countries that retain
primitive habits, hospitality in Scandi
navia always implies eating and drink
ing. The poorest farmer or fisherman
always has something to offer the vis
itor, and lack of appetite is generally
construed as a slight. The author
mentions one occasion on which, to
avoid hurting anyoue's feelings, he ate
thirty times in two days, and drank
thirty-four cups of coffee. Often strong
cheese is offered just before a rneaj to
provoke appetite, and in the cities a
formal dinner is preceded by a smor
gaa, or lunch, at a table crowded with
alleged appetizers. On a single smor
cjaa table the author noted smoked rein
deer meat, smoked salmon with poach
ed eggs, caviare, fried sausage, ancho
vy, smoked goose breast, cucumbers,
raw salt herring, several kinds of cheese
and as many of bread, and a salad
made of pickled herring, boiled meat,
potatoes, eggs, beets and onions. There
were also three kinds of spirits on the
table, and from these and the various
dishes the guests helped themselves
bountifully, and then did justice to an
excellent dinner. An American who
would attempt by such means to gain
an appetite would be helpless before
reaching the dinner table, and his dys
pepsia would be one of the most won
derful cases on record ; but the Swedes
seldom complain of indigestion, and
they certainly live longer than their
Western neighbors.
There is delicious satire in the fact
the Norseman ot the present day, the
descendant of the most famous robbers
that overran Europe, is distinguished
above all other Europeans for his hon
esty and simplicity. Not once during
his long residence in Scandinavia did
the author lose any of bis property by
theft, although he often left his bag of
money exposed in sleigh or wagon.
On two or three occasions he lost his
watch or his money, but invariably
they were found, and brought back to
him without any assistance from the
authorities ; and the bringer would ap
pear not only surprised but hurt if of
fered payment for what seemed a mere
neighborly service. Occasionally the
j fisherman who finds other nets or lines
J entangled with his own will remove
! all the fish that he sees without being
careful to set aside those really caught
by his neighbor ; once in a while, too,
the honest Lapp in the far north may
not make haste to report that a rein
deer or two have strayed into his herd;
but these offenses are winked at very
much after the manner of Americans
toward the saintly deacon who over
reaches his neighbor in a horse trade.
Of common thieves, however, there
seem to be absolutely none outside the
cities. Simple trust in the honor of
every one seems to be universal, and
this feeling extends even to the social
relations. Conventional restraints are
often set aside to an extent that startles
and horrifies the traveller, until he dis
covers that they srp not maintained be
cause they are not necessary.
The Scandinavian is earnest, indus
trious, and methodical in everything
he does He works, during the day
light season of the year, longer hours
than &ny American \yould think of do
ing, and his industrial habits are a«
regular as those of the clock lie is
eqnally thorough about his devotions ;
the church may be far from his farm,
and the Sunday very stormy, but he
attends service if he is not sick. Con
grpgatipns of frojp three to five thou
sand persons are not unusual in the su
ral districts. He is just as much in
earnest when at his diversions. An old
farmer will fiddle all evening while his
family—children and servants included
dgncp. IJe is verv fond of visitiDg;
and a wpdding is a sufficient excuse for
a three days' jollification.
tions for a wedding feast begiu three
weeks beforehand, and are so extensive
; that M. Du Chailiu was utterly amazed
at the quantity of solids and liquids
that he saw stored against an approach
ing marriage feast. Invitations to
weddings are sent out well in advance
of the happy day, so that the guests
may prepare for two or three days ab
scence from home; and the poorest per
son invited is never without a wedding
garment. The happy couple eat, drink
and dance with everybody; and it seems
never to have occurred to the people to
inquire how thev do it. There is a
limit to the endurance of the native
J}pacj and stomach, and thjs generally is
fouud on the third day; then the guests,
on bidding good-by to the bride, tender
their wedding presents, which always
consist of money, and are deposited,
without being examined, in a box
which the bride wears at her side. How
many American girls will wish—only
to tnpniselvps—that a similar custom
might prevail here cannot easily be es
timated, but all of them will under
stand why there are but few bachelors
in the land of the midnight sun. Long
as are the wedding festivities those of
pj}ristma§ far psceed them, for feastiug
and fun are industriously kept up from
Christmas-eve to Twelfth-night, and
quaint and charming are some of the
attendant ceremonies.
The patriarchal mode of life seems to
have been better preserved in Scandina
via than in any other part of Europe.
Even in the cities, where the habits of
good society are in no way inferior to
those of similar circles in England and
France, servants and other sopial infe?
fiors are treated with tliogghtfulness
and consideration to a degree that is
seldom approached even in our own
land of boasted equality, and many
large employers look to the general
well-being of their workmen, caring for
the sick, and pensioning the families of
those who die in their employ. In the
farming districts, where the people are
fully as well educated as those of any
rural district in the Uuited States, the
servants forjn part qf the family circle
at the table, around the hearttustaue,
or in the pew at church; they share tLe
best sleeping apartments of the family,
wear just as good clothing as the mas
ter and mistress, and the maids, if they
are as pretty, get as much attention
from masculine visitors as the daugh
ters of the house, too. One fine old
farmer, Thord by name, insisted on en
tertaining the author at a special table,
but first he ate with his family and ser
vants. Feeling sure that six meals
ppr day instead of three would cause
his host discomfort, Mr Du Chaillu re
monstrated with Thord, who replied
that it he were to absent himself from
his family table, the servants would
think him proud. And yet this
erate old fellow was a descendant of
King Harold the Fair-haired, and in
habited an estate that had been in his
family a thousand years—an estate so
rich that his father, who entertained
' ihe late king during that ruler's trip to
Norway for coronation, sent the king
word to bring no silver service with
him, as there was enough on the estate
for the whole royal party. While do
mestics can eat at the board at the head
of which sits such a man, it is useless
| for American ladies to sigh for the 'per-
I feet Swedish servant' that they have
| heard so much about.
The author admires the scenery of
Norway and Sweden as heartily as he
does the people. There is a general
impression that all Scandinavian laud
scapes are rugged and gloomy ; some
of them certainly appear to be sombre,
though many of these are unspeakably
grand ; both countries, however, have
regions as smiling and beautiful as any
in England, and offer the traveller a
variety that he cannot find within sim
ilar area anywhere else in the world
The western coast of the Scandinavian
peninsula is indented by numerous
narrow, long bays called fiords, with
water sometimes nearly a mile deep,
while their sides are abrupt and
mountainous. Farther inland there
are wonderful water-falls in profusion ;
the author's volumes contain sketches
of many of these, and the American
trembles for the fame of some of the
noted cataracts and cascades of his
own country as he reads of rivers that
tumble about a quarter of a mile at a
single leap, and then repeat this gentle
exercise onc3 or twice. Enormous
snowy mountains may be enjoyed in
variety throughout the winter season,
and reached without journeying half
way across a continent, as the Ameri
can mu=t generally do if he desires a
first-class mountain view. The moun
tains of Northern Scandinavia make
themselves particularly attractive by
BIJTLER, PA., WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1881
! night, and so does everything else
j picturesque, for, a as if to compensate
the native for almost total withdrawal
'of daylight during the winter season,
nature gives him moonlight and star
light such as are seldom seen in lower
latitudes. Where the scenery does not
startle the beholder by its grandeur, it
is quite likely to charm by its beauty,
for the less hilly portions of the penin
sula are fully covered with farms, the
buildings of which are quaint and
quite unlike anything to be seen else
where. The age attributed to some of
these building seems impossible, for it
is not assuring to national pride to
know that some Swedish farmers lived
in solid, comfortable, roomy houses
when our English ancestors occupied
mere hovels, but the evidence that
some of these farm-houses date back
five, seven, and even ten centuries
seems conclusive Equally old and in
teresting are many of the churches,
and they are not, like most of those
of a similar period in other lands,
merely picturesque ruins, as will b3
seen by a picture or two which we
borrow from the or more that
the author displays in his book. The
interiors of some of these old churches
indicate that Sweden had money
enough to secure the best architects of
the day, and to fully carry out their
designs,
Indeed, for interesting antiquities
Sweden may safely challenge compari
son with any other nation in the north
of Europe. Even had she oulv the re
mains of the old city of Wisby, she
could outdo any of her neighbors in a
competitive display cf antiquities aud
of honorable historical record. In the
days when London was merely the
principal city of England, and centu
ries before Liverpool existed as a
shipping port, Wisby was the centre
of trade in Northern Europe, her busi
ness relations extending to Greece,
Rome, India, and Persia. The pres
ent walls of the city, vyith tovyers
sixty or sevent} feet high, were built
six centuries ago, for even at that
time the community was so rich as to
require special protection. The mer
chants had their code of commercial
laws, which still is held in high respect
in business circles everywhere. The
city was as full as London of rich
guilds, and contained niany large and
beautiful churches, some of which re
main to testify to the wealth and taste
of their builders. Like all of the rich
European cities, Wisby was one day
captured, sacked, and almost destroyed.
Perhps it was at this time that the
citizens buried the immense
of valuable portable jSroperty since
discovert I; or perhaps the Wisby
savings-banks, like many of the present
day, taught the people that the surest
way of keeping their money was to
take care of it themselves. But wh^t ;
eyer the roasop, thg soil of Wisby has
in late years proved particularly auri
ferous: great quantities of European
coins have been dug from the ground,
many of those of Rome dating back to
the first century of the Christian era,
while of Asiatic coins more than ten
thousand are tq l}aye been
foqnd; and a3 men seldom tell about
the finding of money, it is reasonable
to suppose that the eqtire find has
been enormous. Large quantities qf
valuable jewels, gold and silver ves»
sels, etc., have been discovered, as
well as the seals of some of the great
guilds Hundreds of buildings still
remain as mute evidences of the sub
stantial prosperity of the old mer
chants, and numerous ancient family
tombs make interesting additions to
the city's record.
But Wisby (which is on an island}
is only one of the old Scandinavian
cities; on the mainland where many
others older and much larger, although
perhaps not so rich, and their remains
are equally interesting. How many
of the valuables found in these oities
really originated there is a somewhat
delicate question to discuss, for the
old Scandinavians, like all other pow
erful nations of the same period, had a
habit of going in immense surprise
parties to other countries, and bringing
back whatever suited their faucy, dis
pensing entirely \yit}i {.be fofqiality of
asjting the original owjjev's consent.
Exquisite vases in gold, silver, and
bronze have been found, and so have
valuable ornaments in great profusion,
while household utensils, armor,
weapons, and even fairly preserved
Viking ships are numerous enough to
throw much light on Scandinavian life
in the Middle Ages. As usual in old
countries, the tombs yield valuable
contributions to the general store of
antiquities, besides being quite euri
ous in themselves.
Most interesting, however, of all
Norse remains are the rock tracings,
which at one stage of the country's
development were the only substitutes
for national and local records. Every
one knows what they are when he
sees them, hut there knowledge ends.
Many students have labored over
theui as faithfully as others have done
over our own darling obelisk, but the
translations disagree as hopelessly as
politicians. More legible in appear
ance, though sometimes just as puz
zling in reality, are the rune stones,
bearing inscriptions in characters that
were designed to be mystical, and cer
tainly succeeded in being mysterious.
Among those that are decipherable are
some inscriptions on memorial stones,
which state that the late lamented de
parted this life in Greece, Rome, or the
Saracen land—places to which the
Norsemen have not generally been
suspected of wandering.
Of course tho author's tirst duty
was to pay his respect to the midnight
sun, which he saw from North Cape,
the northernmost extremity of Scandi
navia. As he approached the arctic
circle he naturally expected to be de
livered from the swarms of buzzing in
sects that sometimes make life misera
ble in lower latitudes; to his great sur
prise and disgust, however, the pests
increased as he mo\'ed farther north.
Mosquitoes were sometimes so numer
ous that it seemed a mystery how they
could find enough air to breathe, and
the author insists on being believed
when he tells ol a swarm so dense that
it hid three men who were standing
near by. In the middle of August
these pests give way to a hard-biting
gnat, which is nevertheless net wholly
pitiless, for it remains out-of-doors, and
does not bite at night. After these
comes a sand-fly that lunches on poor
humanitv until cold weather sup
presses him. As all of these torment
ors attend to business throughout the
whole summer day, which is not brok
en by anything worth the name of
night, a trip to the midnight sun costs
much mora than money, although the
traveller will not admit that the cost
is too great.
A sketch of the far North without
some description of Lapland, its peo
ple and its reindeer, would be as dis
appointing as a performance of Hamlet
without the melancholy Dane. Mr.
Du Chailiu spent much time in Lap
land, and declares the Lapps to be a
much-misrepresented people. Instead
of being darj* pf popiplexion, black
haired, stupid, heathenish, and mur
derous. as even some Swedes and
Norwegians believe them to be, the
author found them light of hair and
color, agile, industrious, bright hos
pitably F,ntJ as gopd christians as any
other people. They are not always as
cleanly as some other races, for build
ing material is scarce in Lapland,
houses or tents are small, and wash
ing day preparations are sometimes
impossible. Their morals are of a high .
order Many of tjiem are fairly edu
cated, and nearly all pfthem are religi- j
ous in both form aud spirit. The.
author's religious beliefs were carefully j
investigated at length by men and
women alike. Some of the Lapps go
abroad and become rich; Mr. Du j
Chaiilu refers to several of these who
are in the Uuited States, where oue of;
them owns a brown-stone front; but
most of them prefer to remaiu in their
own land. In the words of the author:
'Happv and contented with his lot in j
the world, endowed with a religious
nature which a barren and lonely land
contributes to intensify, tqe L u pp
lieves in God, in his Diblo, in tho
Lord Jesus Christ as the Son of God,
aud in a future 1 i.e. From that dreary
waste his songs of praise aud his
prayers are uttered with a faith which
ccascs only with his breath, and he
departs rejoicing that he is going to
the 'better land.'
file reindeer, which iu one way or
auother manages to be almost the en
tire support of the Lapps who have
herds, is a large, heavy animal with
remarkable independence of character.
He will not accept shelter undercover,
no matter how inclement the weather
may be. Neither rfill he oat any food
that is ottered him ; he prefers to seek
his own sustenance, which consists
principally of a peculiar moss, aud as
this grows very slowly, requiring about
seven years in which to reach maturity,
the Lapp must shift his home from time
to time'to meet the necessities of bis
herd. In midwinter the moss may be
covered by several feet of snow, but
the deer digs a hole with bis feet, and
disappears from the surface, burrowing
his way through the snow as be fal
lows his nose from Qf nioss to
another. The flesh of the reindeer is
quite palatable and nuitritious, his skin
makes very warm garments as well as
durable harness, and cheese made of
reindeer milk is very rich, although the
quantity of milk yielded per day seems
scarcely worth the taking, as it amounts
to a mere teacupful.
Unlike the general traveller who
writes books, Mr. Du Chaillu has inter
ested himself in every intellectual, so
cial, and industrial phase of the nation
al life. To those who read his frequent
allusions to the music and song beard
everywhere it wllj no longer seem
Straqgp thiit «Jeqny Lind, Christine
Nilsson, and Ole Bull should have
come from Sweden instead of Italy, the
supposed mother of singers. The dy
ing art of vocal serenading seoms to
flourish vigorously in Sweden and Nor
way, and instrumental music is so
common that the author reports pianos
within the arctic circle, and towns far
ther south where these instruments are
found in the ratio of one to every twen
ty-five people. Great attention is be
stowed upon dress aud the beautifying
of homes, although taste i 3 superior to
the rage for display. Facilities for
communication are good, cheap, and
fully equal to the demaud ; the postal
service is fully as good as our own, and
a perfect telegraph system covers the
peninsula, the operators being compell
ed tojunderstand at least three languages.
The common schools are as thorough
in their methods as those of America,
and considerably higher in grade, for
the poorest child can obtain instruction
in higher mathematics, the natural
sciences, Latin, Greek, and modern
languages. Excellent technical schools
exist, and good universities crown the
educational system.
Although in Norway and Sweden
there are many mines aud mills, most
of the people gain their living either
out of the sqil or the sea. The farmer
in either country is a marvel of indus
try and thrift; he would live upon
what an American farmer wastes, and
live more comfortably than our farming
population do, as a rule. The a.nouut
of labor perfomed at the special dairy
farms, to which cattle are driven in
summer, generally by girls, would hor
rify a Western maiden; but the Swed
ish and Norwegian girls thrive on it,
enjoying rare good health, and conse
quent happiness. Still more exacting
is the home care of cattle in winter,
when much of the food must be
prepared. On some soil that
here would be condemned as good for
nothing, fair crops are grown and bar
vested in a short summer, while in the
southern provinces the yield is equal to
that of model farms in America.
The maritime statistics of the two
countries, and of Norway in paticular,
are simply staggering. Last year
more than a thousand Norwegian
vessels entered the port of New York,
and seven times as many were busy
elsewhere. More than sixty thousand
sailors man these vessels, and yet
Norwegian sailors ars numerous in the
merchant navy of almost every other
country. About a hundred and twen
ty thousand Norwegians are engaged
in the fisheries. The author minutely
describes the great fishing stations of
Norway and here, as elsewhere, is
struck by the attention paid by the
government to all its resources. Ev
erv fishing station has a superintend
ent, appointed by the government and
the date of beginning the season's
work, the time of starting out for the
day, and even the places in which the
fish are prepared for market, are deter
mined by him; but the officer's duties
seoui to consist pricipally in prevent
ing confusion or bad feeling. No
liquor is sold at fishing stations and
yet the men, who are directly in the
path of all the 'American wealth' that
crosses the Atlantic, are a remarkably
healthy and vigorous set of fellows;
they wear good clothes, too, which is
qot done by fishermen in general. To
their abstemiousness must be attribut-
Ed the lack of strife; during a long visit
to the fishing stations the author saw
no fighting, and did not hear a siucle
oath- No fishing is permitted on Sun
day. Drunl enness and profanity are
rare everywhere in Scandinavia; there
seems to be absolutely no idle, non
producing, dangerous class, such as is
the main stay of vice in every other
European country. At fairs and
feasts there is a great deal of drinking,
but the period is brief, and the fun
never culminates in fighting.
So thoroughly has the author inter
ested himself in Scandinavia that the
reader can ask scarcely a question about
the country that the book does not an
swer. The geology of the country,
and the effect of the glaciers, many of
which are still at work, are minutely
set forth. The development of the peo
ple is traced from tho stone age down
to modern times, aud even the dwell
ings, from the first departure from cave
life, are described at length, the text
being illustrated by many engravings
of houses at different periods. Much
valuable infermation is given about
the fauna and flora, the climate, tem
perature, and rain-fall—the result be
ing a general disabusing of popular
Unlike many books of
travel, tnese volumes are illustrated
solely from photographs and sketches
made from the people and scene s de
scribed, so the pictures contribute di
rectly to the reader's information.
Mr. Du Chaiilu can not claim to l>o
the original discoverer qf Scandinavia,
but hp pertainly has the honor of being
the first to make known to the world
the country as it exists to-day.
KEEPING APPLES.
It is well, perhaps to touch upon
this subject, as the time is approaching
when we must prepare room to store
tue winter apples. In this, as in al
most everything else, people differ rs
to the best method of keeping apples
through the winter as weil as i«to the
spring. In fact, they are frequently
kept until 4une, with the flavor very
littlo impaired. Of course the utmost
care must be taken in gathering them
from the trees, then sorting them and
puttiug them lightly into dry flour
sacks. The barrel should he heaped
somewhat, and the heading pressed
do\yn firmly, being careful not to
bruire them. The casks should be left
under a dry, open shed until as far in
to November as the frost will admit of.
Light feezing weather will not harm
the fruit; in fact it is only when there
is danger of freezing that it should be
covered. The barrel should then be
taken into a tireless room where there
will be no danger of freezing ; or, which
we would much prefer, a cold, dry cel
lar. When carefully disposed of in
this way, there is little risk of apples
becoming unsound throughout the
winter and spring provided they ar« of
a fair keeping variety, such as Smith's
Cidpr, thy Carthonse, the Baldwin,
the Rhode Island Greening, the Spitz
enburg, the Northern Spy, etc.
It must be remembered, however,
that a barrel, say of Baldwins, from
one tree a d one locality will not per
haps keep as well as a barrel from
some other. It may be from some pe
culiarity of the soil, though perhaps as
likely to be from some constitutional
defect in the tree. One thing is well
ascertained, that fruit from an old and
worn-out tree will not keep as well as
fruit from thi> same vicinity of which
there may be but a moderate quantity
on the tree. It seems, therefore, that
fine, large healthy-looking fruit of any
one kind should have the preference as
long-keepers.
If these precautions are taken the
apple is not Lard to keep. Most fail
from keeping them too warm. The
usual store-room of the house, where
they are generally put, is not the best
place for them. They need to be kept
as cool as possible. Indeed, as we
have already said a little frost does
not hurt them, provided this low tem
perature is regular. A frequent change
from cold to warm is fatal to the keep
ing quality of any fruit, much less tLe
apple.— Oermanloicn Telegraph.
If you can't 'Bear' a cough, 'Bull'
it with Dr. Bull's Cough Syrup.
When we are alone we have our
thoughts to .watch : in our families, our
temper; and in society, our toungue.
iCli'Vclaud, (Ohio) il>*.ral<l.|
A Ifaiiiiiiork'M Way.
An Illinois exchange feels called to
thus deliver itself: 'His hammock
swung loose at the sport of the wind,'
and tumbled the Hon. J. S. Irwin on
bis head, and but for the application of
St. Jacobs Oil, he might have gone
'where the woodbine twineth. Kven
so dear Beacon as many others have
gone, who failing to use the Great
German Remedy in time, for their
rheumatism and other dangerous dis
eases, 'have paid the debt of Na
ture.' Rub is our motto.
A train recently passed over the
Pennsylvania Railroad that contained
1200 immigrants.
Our little Johnny had been given
up to die, (Diphtheria) when we gave
him Peruna; he is well.
Michael O'Bovle, of Sugar Notch,
Luzerne county, aged 72, is dead.
He was insured for $200,000 by grave
yard speculators.
The latest and greatest discovery is
Peruna. If you do not feel well take
it at once.
Lady lodger:' Your dog, sir, is un
bearable. lie howls all night.' Male
lodger: 'lndeed: well he might do
worse than that, he might play the
piano all day.'
MISTAKE ABOUT HA MP SEE.
A Practical Lesson for Teachers
1 and Pupils.
'Hamp See a dunce! Well, may be
so; but arter what I've seed, it 'ud take
a smarter schoolmaster than you to
make me think so.'
It was Riley Vaugbu who spoke,
and although old Riley had no educa
tion, his hard sense and sound judg
ment were respected by all the men
who sat there in the village postoffice
waiting for ihe mail. He had crown
prosperous by dint of hard work and
good judgment, and his neighbors were
accustomed to ask for and to respect
bis opinions.
'I did not say precisely that, Mr.
Vaughn,' replied Mr. l'enruddock, the
schoolmaster. 'I only said that my
bes\ efforts to educate the boy were
rendered futile and nugatory by rea
son of his inexplicable inability to grasp
and retain so simple a thing as the ac
cidence of the Latin verb.'
'That means in plain English that
he ain't got no grip on what you teach
him, don't it V asked Riley.
'Yes, that is what I mean,' replied
the schoolmaster, with something like
a shudder at old Riley's English. 'But
1 will make an honorable exception in
the matter of mathematics. He seems
instinctively to grasp arithmetical prin
ciples.'
•Ye 3,' drawled old Riley; 'one of
your boys told me Ilamp could figger
out how long it 'ud take for a cistern
to get full el there was three pipes of
different sizes a ruunin' into it, aii' two
others of still different sizes a runnin'
out.'
'Yes, he is expert in the practical ap
plications of arithmetic ; ant' yet even
in arithmetic his standing is not good,
because he seems incapable of master
ing the exact terms of the formula; and
rules.'
'Well, now look here,'said old Riley,
rising and striking the counter *ith
his big list ; 'it just comes to this here;
ihe boy ain't got no grip on your wor-ls
an' things ; but he's got a good grip on
idees an' principles, an' it's my belief
that the inside of sense. I don't want
to be unuecessarily offensive, but you
and all schoolmasters like you ought
to teach parrots. They don't want no
idees, they jest waut words, an' that's
your notion of learnin'. That's the
trouble of this here country down here;
men learn words au' kin make speech
es, but they can't do nothin'. Now
I've seed that boy Hamp See do what
nary a man in this country could do. I
bought the fust reapin'-machinc as was
ever seed in these parts, and when it
came it was to pieces, an' packed in
boxes. I sent one arter another for all
the blacksmiths and wheelwrights an'
carpenters hereabouts, to set the thing
up, au' I'm blest ef one on 'em could
make out which end o' the thing was
foremost. Not one of 'em could put
any two pieces together. That 'ere
boy hung around all the time, with his
furred creased up like, an' finally he
said to me, says he, 'Mr. Vaughn, let
me try.' 'Well, try,' says 1 ; 'an' ef
you git her together, I have got a five
dollar bill for you.' Maybe you won't
believe it, but afore noon that very
day that there reaper was a reapiu'
wheat like a dozeu hands. The boy
jest seed into the thing. Now, I say
ef he's a dunce the sooner most people
in these here parts lose their senses an'
get to be dunces the better it will be
for all concerned.' And with that old
Riley stalked indignantly out of the
postofflce.
Notwithstanding all that old Riley
could say, however, public opinion was
against Hamp See. It was certain
that he was dull in his lessons, lie
could not keep up with Mr. Penrud
dock's classes, and instead of studying
his Latin verbs, he was perpetually in
terrupting the schools by asking Mr.
Penruddock to explain things like
thunder and lightning, and the pres
ence of shells in the rocks on the
mountain, and the curious way? that
plants have of taking care of themselves
—things which had no relation to the
work of the school. It was agreed that
Riley Vaughn could not know any
thing about education, because he was
not himself educated. It was even said
—and this came to Riley's ears—that
he was prejudiced against education.
Even Hump's mother was discourag
ed. Hamp was always 'potterixig,'she
said, instead of attending to his books.
'Why,' she said, 'lie's been fooliu'
with a spring up on the hill back of
the - house the whole season through.
He's iaid pipes to bring the water down
here, and now he's turned the whole
house into a mill.' Then she would
show her visitor what Hamp had done.
He had constructed an iugenious water
wheel with which tc make the most of
the power afforded by the spring, and
had set it at a variety of tasks. A
stretch of line shaking passed under
the floor of the house, and bands were
passed through the floor to the churn
and sewing machine, and even the
sausage-chopper could be attached at
will. 'I don't denv that it's handy
and saves work,'said his mother. 'And
how he's made a sort of fan in the din
ing-room, and kas set that a-going too,
so that it keeps the flies off the table.
If we had a baby in the house, I be
lieve he'd make the water rock the cra
dle. But it's discouraging about his
studies. Mr. Penruddock is in despair
and says he don't know what is to be
made of the boy.'
The summer proved to be a very
dry one, aud the gardens especially
suffered for water. When tbe people
began to complain, Hamp had an idea.
He always had an idea when an emer
gency arose. He went into his moth
er's garden and worked all day, dig
ging a tren?b down the middle, and
making little trenches at right aoerles
to the main one, so that each bed was
surrounded by them, and the larger
beds crossed as well. He was very
careful to keep all these treuches on
one level. When he had finished, he
laid a drain from bi3 water-wheel to
the main trench, so that the waste wa
ter, after turning the wheel, was car
ried into the garden and emptied into
the trench. Little by little the main
trench filled; then the water trickled in
to the smaller trenches, and as the
spring from which it came was a never
AUVEIITIHIVO IUTKN,
On* sqnaro, one insertion, tl ; each subse
qao:.t insertion, £0 cents. Yearly advertisement
exceeding one-fourth of a column, t5 ferine h
Pipure worn double tlnre iates; idditioi.al
charges where weekly cr monthly charges sre
nia«'e. Local adrerth.en-.rutß 10 cents per line
f< i :.»t itif-citioti, and 5 cents per line for each
additional insertion. Mamazes and deatl * pnb
li-!.ed free of cnaige. Obiiuiry t.otires cbaiLed
a* advertisements, and paralle" wlitn hanr'ed in
Anditorx'N'oticea, fi; Kxccntots' and Adtnini*
tratorV Notice*. #3 each; Ebtray, Caution tr.4
IHssolution Notices, not exceeding ten lines
each.
From the fact that the Cmii* is the oldes<
established and most extensmly circulated Re
publican newspaper in Hutlcr county. (a IlepuL
lican county; it must be apparent* to tueinesk
men that it is the medium they should use in
advertising thotr business.
NO. 1
failing 1 one, the garden was supplied
with water throughout that dry. hot
; summer, and su»h a garden nobody in
, that region had seen that seasou.
People said that IJamp See certainly
was a handy sort of boy ; but tbeV
were sure to add, 'it's a pity he is so
dull.'
One day old Riley Vaughn was of
fering extravagant prices for horse,
. mule or ox teams to haul stone. lie
' had taken a contract to supply from his
quarry the stone for the railroad bridge
j over Busby Run, and uow the time for
delivery was near at hand, and no
teams could be had. All the horses
were at work on the crops, and it be
gan to be feared that old Riley must
either lose money on the contract by
hiring horses and mules and teamsters
at ruinous prices, or forfeit the contract
itself, lie tried in evey direction to
get mules and wagons, offering iwice
the usual wng-es, l»ut still he could get
very few. He was in real trouble with
a loss of several thousands of dollars
threatening him.
One day Hamp, who knew what
trouble Riley was in, went down to
the creek, and, cutting several twigs,
began setting them up at a distance
from each other, and sighting from
one to the other. The few teamsters
who were at work watched him curi
ously, but could not make out what
he was doing. He went up the creek
with his sticks, moving one of them at
a time, and always carefully sighting
from one to another, or lather from one
over another to a third. In this way
he worked up to the quarry, which
was immediately on'the creek, nearly
a mi!e Irom where the bridge was to
be built.
When he had done, he walked back,
examining the banks as he went; then
he presented himself before Kiley
Vaughn.
'Mr. Vaughn,' he said, 'l've an idea
that will help you out ot your difficul
ty.'
'W ill it hire teams to haul stone?'
asked Iviley.
'No; but it will enable you to haul
stone without teams.'
'lf it will—Well, let me hear what
it is,' said Riley, changing his purpose
while speaking.
'Raft the stones down,' said Hamp.
'Now look a here, Hamp See,' said
old Riley. 'l've stood up for you, an'
said you wa'nt no dunce when every
body else said you was ; but this here
looks as ef they was right an' I was
wrong. How in natur' kin a raft stone
down a creek that ain't got more'n six
inches of water in it, abubblm' around
among the stones of the bottom V
'Well, you see,' said Hamp, "I've
levelled up from here to the quarry,
and there's only two feet fall, or a lit
tle less, and the banks are nowhere
less than five feet high ; and so, as
there's a good deal more water run
ning dowu in a day than most people
would think, it's my uotion to build a
temporary dam just below the bridge
—you've enough timber and plank
here to do it with two hours' work of
your men—building it, say, six feet
high, there where the banks are closest
together. Before noon to-morrow the
water will rise to the top of the dam,
and run over. When it does, you'll
have six feet of water here, and four
at the quarry, and your men can push
rafts down as fast as they can load
them.'
'How do you know there's only two
foot fall V asked old Riley, eagerly.
'l've levelled it,' said Hamp.
•That is you figured it out with
them sticks?'
' Ves.'
'Are you sure you've got the right
answer?' asked the old man, wild with
eagerness.
'Perfectly sure. You see, it's sim
ple. I plant my sticks—'
'Never mind about how you do it; I
c&n't understand that ef you do ex
plain it; but look me in the eyes, boy.
This thing means thousands of dollars
to Riley Naugh ef you have got your
answer right. I kin understand that
much ; an' ef you've worked out this
b g sum right for me, I'll choke the
next man that says you're a duncejust
'kase you don't take kindly to old
Penruddock's chatterin' sort of learnin'.
I'll do it, or my name ain't Riley
Vaughn, an' that's what I've been
called for nigh onto fifty two years
now.'
Old Riley was visibly excited. He
called all his men to the place selected,
and sjt them at work building the
di.ru, while Hamp looked on, and oc
casionally made a suggestion for sim
plifying the work. The dam was fin
ished at three o'clock in the afternoon,
and at six o'clock the water had risen
two feet six inches, while the back
'vater had passed the quarry.
'There,' said Ilamp; 'that proves
my work. The water is level, of
course, as far up as the back-water
shows itself, and we have six inches
of back-water at the quarry to two feet
six inches at the dam ; so the fall is
two feet.'
'lt looks so,' said Riley, who was
alio eagerly watching the rise of the
water. The workmen had gone home,
all of the convinced that this attempt
to back the water a mile up the creek
was the wildest foolishness; but old
Rile}* and Hamp waited and watched.
'lt doesn't, rise so fast now,' said
Riley.
'That's because it has a larger sur
face ; but it still rises, an 1 the surface
won't increase much more now, as
there's a steep place just al>ove the
quarry, and it can't back any further
up.'
The two waited and watched. Mid
night came, and the meaurement
showed three feet six inches depth at
the dam. Still they waited and
watched. At six o'clock in the morn
ing the depth was four feet two inches.
Then Riley sent a negro boy to his
house with orders to bring back 'a big
breakfast for two.' At seven o'clock
the breakfast arrived, and the measure
ment showed four feet three inches
and a half.
'lt's a-risin' faster said Riley.
'Ves; the level is climbing straight
up the bluff banks now, and uotspreau
ing out as it rises,' said Hamp.
At nine o'clock the depth was four
feet eight and a half inches, and the
Continued on Fourth jxige.