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THE BI'TIiKR CITIZEN.
BUTLER. PA.
banal
FOR
RHEUMATISM,
Neuralgia, Sciatica, Lumbago,
Backache, Soreness of the Chest, Gout,
Quinsy, Sore Throat, Swellings and
Sprains, Burns and Scalds,
General Bodily Pains,
Tooth, Ear and Headache, Frosted Feet
and Ears, and all other Pains
and Aches.
No Preparation on earth equals ST. JACOB* OIL ai
a Mnfr, tare, simple and cheap Externd Remedy.
A triul entails but the comparatively tritlinr outlay
<f 50 Cent*, end every one suffering with [«im
can have cheap tiid positive proof of its cut imi.
Directions in Eleven Languages.
SOLD BT ALL DBOOGISTB AND DEALERS II
MEDICIKE.
A. VOGEUER it CO.,
Baltimore, Mid., XT. 8. J.
Th« 1 Forest and lim»t Medicine er tt Vade.
AcoVmtusation of Hops, Buchu, Man
draklo uul Dandelion, "Ith all tuebest and
BMJtrW ur* tiTe i>ru|*!tle« of all other Blttcr».
IC-*the IfrtnUi-t Blood Purifier, Liver
Mast U l\a tor, "U ute ami Health kestu nag
Agtut c * rtii
Wo disease powtNy rnoir »*l«t «hw Itup
Bitten aro ><u auJ iwrfect their
o permtion&flC m
Thtj gin ut llmfo Tljsrts»sii ialra.
To all whoso e %D|,U.jrn:ißt.cajM irrcifularl
tyuflhcboir t !«ol\uriu«rr aIPW rc "
qaireaa AppetiierV®', a.ul mild SUmnlant
Hopßiaer.aroicwtV"* tAo without intOX
iaatlr.jg. caA
Ho matter what your fe\«'Hnc» or iymp!f>'ni
an what the dlsotw or ailVxnt Is use Hop Hit
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only feel had or iri ivaljl^.l Uj *" t-iea. at once,
lt may aavo your 11/e.lt a » c d hundred*.
* «SOO be paid for a cal»e they will not
•ui-a or help. Do not aalfer m® l 1 your friend*
■alter,hat uae and arc® t-fmy 10 Mop U
Remember, Hop Eitter* la dru««d
drunken nostrum. but the a J llett
Medicine erei inado . the ranxn
and *orn~ tnd no person or
ahoal.l be without them.
D 1.0.1' an abwl it<; and irreilstlhle
furDruakeaaem, of opium, tobacco
narcotic*. AU sold by drafrrtrta. Send
lor Circular. Bap Bluan Blfr. C»., J>
If you feel dull, drowsy, debilitated, have fre
quent headaches, month tastes badly, poor appe
tite and toiiKite coated, you an? suffering from tor
pid liver, or "bllllousnesH," and nothiUK will cure
you so s|*-edily and iiermaneutiy as to take SIM
MUSH LIVKK KBGULATOR OB MKIIICINK.
The Cbea|ie.st, Purest
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cine In the World ! #J| i I W r.lUjt
A> KKKW TI AI, SI-K- IM liil >* t»I AKM
CIFIC lor ill! diseases of
Liver. Stomach and
Keguiatc the Liver •
nii/.'ITS'ANI) FKVKII,
MAI.AKIOL'H KlvV- fgggrVTyg
Kits, BOWEL COM
PI.AINTH, RESTLESS- WXUUKUI
NKSS, .IAUNIJKK aud *
XAirSEA.
ffdiJ titSE.-iTHt
XothlnK i« to mipleasaiit, nollilrij; so commoii as
hiwl breath, ard 111 nearly every case It cornea
from the stomach, and enn be so easily corrected
If you will take Slinnioiis' Liver itcgulutor. Do not
m-Klect so sure a n-medy for this repulsive disor
der. It will also improve your Appetite, Comple
xion and (ieneral Health.
<PILKBf
How many suffer torture day after day, making
life a bunleu and robbniK existence of all pleasure
OWIIIK to the secret suffering fiom Piles. Yet re
llet ts ready to the bund of almost any one who
will use systematically the remedy that has |ier
manently cured thousands. SIMMONS' LIVKH
KKIILXATOU, is no drastic violent purxc ; but a
Keiitle assistance to nature.
COSTS Vi pa TIQ.Y r
HlK)l'Lf> not he regarded as a tritliuK
ailment—ill fact nature demands the ut
most regularity of the bowels, and any
deviation from tliti demand pav<*s the
way often to serious danger. It is<iuite
as necessary to remove Impure accumu
lations from the bowel* as It is to eat or
sleep, ami uo health can be ex|H-eted
where a costive habit of body prevails.
BWJS UEfWtICBE I
This distressing attlictlon occurs most frequent
ly. The disturbance of the atonwcll, arising from
the l lß perfectly digested contents, eausi s a severe
pain In the head, accompanied with disagreeable
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kuim'li as Sick Headache.
MANURACRUHRP ONLY I»V
J, 11. ZCII.IX A CO.,
rini.Ai>Ki,rHiA. HA,
Kjelyl SOLI) ISY ALL DKCUGIMTH.
manrzztm directions.
V&Tfar\r- nil lIV Kor Catarrh, hay fever
BM-i" » cold In the Heuil &e.,
insert Willi Utile ringer
HUATARRH.COLCia 'rt rJJ a partite of the Halm
W HAV-r,., cv\TAs»!ii '"to 'be nostrils ; draw
. I stronghrealhs through
Of nos«'. it will be
Vtcus \ abs<irl>ed, cleansing.
FNABALP' a c«- /»-"• and healing the dls
■gK -■ -n0 fjß eased membrane.
For Deafness,
apply a particle Into
ELY'S CREAM" BALM
JIAVINO gained an enviable reputation, displac
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derful remedy wherever known. A fair trial will
convince the most skeptical of its curative pow
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Catarrhal virus, causing healthy secretions, al
lays Inflammation and irritation, protects the
membrunal linings of the head from additional
colds, completely heals the sores aud restores the
sense of taste and smell. Kenetlclal results are
reall/.ed by a few applications. A thorough treat
ment as directed will cure Catarrh. As a house
hold remedy for cold In the head Is unequaled.
The llalin Is easv to use and agreeable. Sold by
druggists at 90 cents. On receipt of no cents will
mall a package. Heml for circular with full infor
mation.
ELY'S CREAM BALM CO., Owego, N. Y.
For sale In Butler by I). H. Wuller, J.C. Kedlck,
Zimmerman & Wuller. Coulter & Linn.
C RYSTALEN E.
THE BEST AND CHEAPEST
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CILKAI'KIt than anv other paint. For painting
Houses, Barns, Itoofs, Fences, Wagons, &e„ IT
HAS NO EQCAL. Call and examine samples.
J. C. REDICK,
20apr3inJ GENERAL AGENT, BUTLEB, FA.
iinUec : ffr^f
VOL. XVIII.
•'VARIATION OF THE RULE
IN SHELLEY'S CASE."
At York, Pennsylvania, recently died
A gentleman'who, in his lifetime, was tied
With bonds matrimonial unto a wife ;
(The reason, perhaps, he departed this life.)
While living however—though butabrief space
Ere departing—he had to place
His wife in that rather ]>eculiar condition
She ne'er could have entered of her sole voli
tion ;
Then, feeling himself quite exhausted and ill,
He drew up and signed, sealed ant published
his will,
In which with commendable care, he provided
That at his demise his estate be divided
'Twixt his wife, soon to be a young widow for
lorn.
And the child that he hoped would duly be
born ;
Said child, if a girl, to take only one-third.
But two-third* if a boy ; whence it may be
averred
The testator a boy to a girl much preferred.
Ilis affairs thus arranged and his wife in said
fix,
This father expectant crossed over the Styx.
Now, one would suppose—at least, at first
thought—
No will could be simpler and plainer; that
naught
Could, by any contingency, happen, to throw
Any doubt :is to how the estate was to go:
To the widow, one-third, or two-thirds, or the
whole,
As the issue might be and the embryo soul
Prove a male or a female, or |>erisli at birth ;
To the child, if a girl it should happen to be,
One-third ; if a boy, then two parts out of
three.
Was ever a more simple will made on earth ?
But (to alter a proverb Francaise),
L'lwmme propose, la ft mine di*pose. Nine
months, to a day,
After shrouding her husband, our widow began
To put into bold execution a plan
She d conceived with intent to demolish com
pletely
The will the deceased thought he'd drawn up
so neatly.
She sent for a priest and confessed all her sins,
Then took to her bed and gave birth to—twins;
And, as if her dead lord to spite doubly, and
vex his
Pale ghost, the taid twin* were of OPPOSITE
HEXES!
And now all the lawyers and judges ami friends
Of this troublesome widow are at their wits'
ends
To determine just how the estate to divide;
And they find it a right knotty point to decide;
Shall the boy have two-thirds while the other
third goes
To the girl, and the widow get naught for her
throes?
Or must we allow the astute widow's claim
To two-thirds on the plea that a feminine came.
And to one-third beside on the opposite plea
That one of the posthumous heirs is a he t
Or shall the whole go to the lawyers and court?
Or where else must a fitting solution besought?
'Tis a question o'er which it will be easy to
quairei.
Let us leave it unanswered and draw a brief
moral.
MORAL.
Ye over-affectionate husbands, take care !
Not to leave twins behind you in ventre*i mere.
Above all, harbor not the preposterous thought
Your Will can your widow's will possibly
thwart.
—Jt. J. M., in \Va»hin<jloa Law Reporter.
THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS.
1620—1876.
[We do not know who wrote this
amusing synopsis of our country's his
tory ; if we did we would gladly give
bis name. Having found the article
floating among the newspapers we give
it here for the benefit of our readers.
They will find that, though amusing,
it is not all fun ; it gives historic dates
and facts that are worth remembering. J
1620. Lands on Plymouth Rock,
and sets up for himself.
1621. Keeps Thanksgiving—in no
danger of over-eating.
1622. Builds a meeting house.
1623. Proclaims a fast day.
1628. Cuts down a May-pole at
Merry Mount, as a rebuke to vain rec
reations.
1635. Is crowded for accommoda
tions, and stakes out a new farm at
Connecticut.
1637. Makes war on the Antinomi
ans and the Pequot Indians-arid whips
both.
1638. Starts a college.
1640. Sets up a printing press.
1643. Goes into a Confederacy—the
first Colonial Congress.
1648. Lays down the Cambridge
Platform. Hangs a witch.
1649. Sets his face against the un
christian custom of wearing long hair,
"a thing uncivil and uncomely."
1651. Is rebuked for "intolerable
excess and bravery of apparel," and is
forbidden to wear gold and silver lace,
or other such gew-gaws.
1657. Coins Pine-Tree shillings—
and makes the business profitable.
1663. Prints a Bible for the Indians.
1680. Buys a "hang up" clock, and
occasionally carries a silver watch that
helps him truess at the time of day.
About this time learns to use forks at
table ; a new fashion.
1692. Is scared by witches again, at
Salem ; but get the better of them.
1701. Founds another college, which
after a while, settles down at New Ha
ven.
1704. Prints his first newspaper in
Boston.
1705. Tastes coffee as a luxury, and
at his. own table.
17OS. Constructs another Platform—
this time at Saybrook.
1710. Begins to sip tea—very spar
ingly. It does not come into family
use till five and twenty years later.
1711. Puts a letter into his first
Poßtoffice.
1720 Eats a potato—and takes one
home to plant in his garden as a curi
osity.
1721. Is inoculated for the small-pox
—not without grave remonstrances
from bis conservative neighbors Be
gins to sing by note, on Sundays, there
by encountering much opposition, and
opening a ten years' quarrel.
1740. Manufactures tinware, and
starts the first tin peddler on his trav
els.
1742. Sees Kaneuil Hall built. The
cradle of liberty is ready to be rocked.
1745. Builds an organ ; but does not
yet permit it to be plaved in the meet
ing house.
1750. Buys a bushel of potatoes for
winter's use—all his friends wondering
what he will do with so many.
1755. Puts up a Franklin stove in
his best room, and tries one of the new
ly invented lightning rods.
1760. About this time began to wear
a collar to his shirt. When he can af
ford it, takes his wife to meeting in a
chaise, instead of on a pillion, as here
tofore.
1765. Shows bis dislike to stamued
paper, and joins the "Sons of Liberty."
1768. Tries Lis hand at type found
ing,—in Connecticut
1770. Buys a home-made wooden
clock.
1773. Waters his tea in Boston Har
bor. Plants liberty trees wherever he
finds good soil.
1774. Lights Boston streets with oil
lamps; a novelty, (though 'New Lights'
had been plenty some years before.)
1775. Shows Lord Percy how to
march to "Yankee Doodle." Calls at
Ticonderoga to take lodgings for the
season. Sends Gen. Putnam, under
the command of several colonels, with
a small party, to select a site for Bun
ker Hill Monument.
1776. Brother Jonathon—as be be
gins to be called in the family—declares
himself free and independent.
1780. Buys an ''Umbrillo," for Sun
days ; and whenever he shows it is
laughed at for his effeminacy.
1791. Starts a cotton spinning facto
ry-
-1792. Has been raising silk worms
in Connecticut; and now gives bis min
ister, not his wife, a home-made silk
gown. Buys a carpet for the middle
of the parlor floor.
1793. Invents the cotton gin—and
thereby trebles the value of the South
ern plantations.
1795-1800. Wears pantaloons occa
sionally, but not when in full dress.
Begins to U3e plates on the breakfast
and tea table.
1802. Has the boys and girls vacci
nated.
180 C. Tries to burn a piece of hard
coal from Philadelphia;—a failure.
1807. Sees a boat go by steam on
the Hudson.
1815. Holds a little convention at
Hartford, but doesu't propose to dis
solve the Uuion. Buys one of Terry's
patent shelf clocks for S3O and regu
lates bis watch by it.
I#l7. Sets up a stove in a meeting
house, and builds a fire in it on Sun
day, an innovation which is stoutly re
sisted by many.
1818. Begins to run a steamboat on
Long Island Sound—and takes pas
sage on it to New York, after making
his will.'
1819. Grown bolder, he crosses the
Atlantic in a steamship.
1822. Lights gas in Boston, (but
does not light Boston with gas till
1829.) At last learns bow to make
hard coal burn, and gets a grate in his
parlor. Buys a steel pen. Has his
everyday shirts made without ruffles.
1825. About this time puts a per
cussion lock on bis old musket.
1826. Buys his wife a pair of queer
shaped India rubber overshoes. Puts
on his first false collar. Tries an "Ex
perimental" railroad with horse power.
1828. Tastes bis first tomato—-doubt
ingly. Is told that it is unfashionable
to teed himself with his knife—and
buys silver forks for great occasions.
1833. Rubs his first friction match
—then called a "Lucifer," and after
wards ' Loco Foco." Throws away
the old tinder-box with its flint and
steel.
1835. Invents the revolver, and sets
about supplying the world with it, as
a peacemaker. Tries a gold pen, but
can not find a good one—not till 1844.
Builds a real railroad, and rides on it.
1837. Gets in a panic—and out
again, after free use of "shin-plasters."
1838. Adopts the new fashion of
putting his letters in envelopes, (a fash
ion which does not prevail till seven
years later.)
1840. Sits for his daguerreotype, and
gets a picture fearfully and wonderful
ly made. Begins to blow himself up
with "cainphene" and "burning fluid,"
and continues the process for years,
with changes of name of the active
agent, down to and iucluding "non-ex
plosive kerosene."
1844. Sends bis first message by the
electric telegraph.
1847. Buys bis wife a sewing ma
chine—in the vain hope that somehow
it will keep the buttons on bis shirts.
Begins to receive advices from the
"spirit world."
1855. Begins to bore and be bored
by the Hoosac Tunnel.
1858. Celebrates the laying of the
ocean cable, and sends a friendly mes
sage to John Bull. Next week, begins
to doubt whether the cable has been
laid at all.
1861. Goes south to help compose a
family quarrel. Takes to using paper
money.
1861-65. Climbs the Hill Difficulty
—relieved of Lis pack after January 1,
1864 ; but loses Great Heart, April 14,
1865.
1865. Gets the Atlantic cable in
working order at last, in season to send
word to his British cousins (who have
been waiting for an invitation to his
funeral) that he "lives yet."
1865-75. Is reconstructing, and talk
ing about resumption. Sends his boys
to the museum to see an old-fashioned
silver dollar.
1875. Goes to Bunker Hill to pay
honor to tbe illustrious men who com
manded Gen. Putnam. Thinks be
wont inflate, and helps strangle a west
ern rag baby. Gets ready to celebrate
his second golden wedding by a grand
family reunion, next year, in Philadel
phia.
1876. Celebrates his first Centennial
by a graud celebration at Philadelphia,
in which he is joined by his sisters, bis
cousins and his aunts.
'Whenever you are sick and the
doctor tries this and that, stop fooling
aud take Peruna.'
The total number of entries for ex
hibition at the great Atlanta Kxhibi>
tion down to July 18th, was 1,086,
and their character shows the all-em
bracing nature of the exhibits, only
two entries having been hitherto made
of the same kind of articles. Among
agricultural exhibits the most promi
nent hitherto are: cotton gins, cotton
presses, cotton-seed cleaners, fertalizers,
I plows, harrows, cultivators, an agri
cultural steam engine and various food
products. Tbe buildings are being
rapidly pushed to completion and Sec
retary Kycknian, says they will be
ready to receive exhibits by August 15,
and that the Exhibition will certainly
j open on the date fixed—October 5.
| _ Peruna is not an experiment, but a
i fixed fact; a single bottle will convince
I you.
BUTLER, PA., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 10,1881
THE STAR SPANGLED BAN
NER.
What is our national song? The
British have their Rule Britannia, the
French their Marseillaise, the Swiss
their Rahz des Vaches, and so on
through the family of nations nearly
every one has its own song which
stirs the pulses and fires the blood as
no other human words can. But when
the question is put to the average
American tbe chances are that he will
answer indifferently, Yankee Doodle,
Hail Columbia, America, or the Star
Spangled Banner. Each of these has
its own right to the honor. The first
two, while posessing merits of their
own, belong in spirit rather to the
Revolutionary period than to that of
to-day. The first is a tune rather than
a song, for the words are frivolous,
while the second, with its
Sound, sonnd, the trump of fame!
Let Washington's great name,
Ring through the world with loud applause,
is rather an invocation of the Father
of his Country thau of the patriotic or
national spirit. The Rev Dr. Smith's
America, laboring under the disadvan
tage of beine sung to tbe tune of God
save tbe King, the music of the English
anthem of to-day, is also destitute of
the qualities which appeal to the
heart. The Star Spangled Banner,
with its impassioned appeal to the
emblem of patriotism, must then be
considered our national song, represent
ing, as it does, the spirit to which
Maryland, my Maryland, written by a
citizen of the same State as Francis
Scott Key, appealed in another way.
The Star Spangled Banner was
written by Mr. Key, who was a native
of Frederick county, Maryland, and
like all his verses was written on the
moment, to serve the fancy of a passing
occasion, and the circumstances of its
composition are not only interesting in
themselves, but are almost necessary
to be known to appreciate the reception
which it had upon its first appearance,
and which gave it permanent lodgment
in our national literature. Like Roguet
de I'lsle's Marseillaise Hymn, a war
song for all nations, which it must be
admitted far excels it in vigor and vi
vacity, our national hymn was written
in a single night, and tbe "morning
gales" swept it through tbe land.
In 1814 Mr. Key aud family were
residing in Georgetown. The British
squadron bad moved up the Potomac
River as far as Alexandria, and the at
tack of foreign marauders was expect
ed at Washington. A member of Ma
jor Peters' volunteer company of light
artillery, Mr. Key was forced, by bis
honor no less than his inclination, to
remain in the city and aid in protecting
its people's homes; without him Mrs.
Key would not quit the place. His
relatives in Frederick, appreciating the
defenseless position of his family at
Georgetown, with their natural pro
tector likely to be engaged in tbe ac
tive defense of tbe Federal Capital, sent
bis brother-in-law, Taney, afterward
the Chief Justice, to go aud bring his
wife and family to their friends in
Frederick. The preparatious for the
defense of Washington induced the
early departure of the enemy; but
while Mr. Taney remained at the Key
mansion a messenger came there with
an urgent summons for Mr. Key to ob
tain (Jovernmeutal permission to go
aboard tbe British Admiral's ship and
secure the release of one Dr. Beanes,
whom a troop of straggling English
soldiers had seized in Upper Marlboro
and carried a prisoner with them to the
fleet upon embarkmect for their depart
ure, and the efforts of whose friends
for his release had thus far been una
vailing. Friendship for Dr. Beanes
and a consideration for the community
of which he was a most highly-esteem
ed member and a leading physician,
pressed Mr. Key to promptly under
take the mission, and with due authori
ty be hastened to Baltimore to take a
vessel to communicate with tbe Brit
ish fleet in the matter, his family,
meanwhile, under escort of Mr. Taney,
journeying to Maryland. He did not
secure even the promise of his friend's
release without delay and difficulty.
Although Dr. Beanes had treated the
officers of the invading British army
with courtesy and hospitality at his
elegant mansion, and had tended their
wounded at Bladensburg with pro
fessional skill and humane tenderness,
tbey maintained that he had violated
some sort of a parole iu putting him
self at tbe bead of a detachment of citi
zens to pursue and punish tbe plunder
ing troops who were depredating on
him and his neighbors. For this he
was detained and treated with more or
less indignity, and only after consider
able effort on tbe part of Mr. Key and
the Government Agent for exchange of
prisoners, Mr. John S. Skinner, was
his release reluctantly consented to.
But neither he nor those who had come
to secure his release were permitted to
leave the fleet until after the impending
attack upon Baltimore had been made.
Thus was an occasion made which fur
nished the inspiration for the Star
Spangled Banner. When the fleet
reached Patapsco and the troops were
and Admiral Cochrane
moved up the river to superintend tbe
attack on Fort McHenry by water, the
American agents and prisoner were
placed—under a guard of marines to
prevent themjfrom landing—upon their
own ship, which was anchored where
they could plainly see the flag flying
on tbe Fort from their deck. With
what patriotic anxiety they watched
all night "the rocket's red glare" and
the "bombs bursting in the air" may
easily !>e imagined. For hours the
bombardment continued unceasingly,
indicating the stubborn and successful
resistance of the attacked party In
the early morning, and some time be
fore the gray dawn, tbe cessation of
firing led the watchers to fear lest there
had been some signs of surrender ; and
then ensued a period of most painful
suspense, during which they counted
the watches of the night and waited
for the "dawn's early light"' to reveal
whether there gallantly* streamed from
tbe ramparts the "broad stripes aud
bright stars" they had hailed at "the
twilight's last gleaming," and which
they had exultingly seen "still there,"
proudly waving against the dark blue
sky in the glare of tho rockets and
bursting bombs. The light of day and
their glasses trained to the service
brought joy to their vigil. The move
ments of the British revealed the dis
comfiture of their troops on land, and
with the orders for their re-embarking
came permission for the American ves
sel to land. It was such scenes as
these, and under the thrilling excite
ment of tbe very occasion itself, that
our national anthem was conceived,
and. indeed, mainly written. Those
who knew Mr. Key's habit of commit
ting his strains to verse upon the spot
and of covering the backs of letters
which he carried in bis pocket with the
improvised lines can well understand
that his immortal lyric, merely the
narrative and expression of his feelings
on this occasion, was begun while he
was watching the retreat of the enemy,
finished on his way to the shore in the
boat, and written out in full exactly as
it now stands at his hotel in Baltimore
on the very evening after the exciting
events which evoked it. Judge Nich
olson, the husband of his wife's sister,
was the first person to whom tbe au
thor read the lines, aud be was so
pleased with it that he had handbills
of it printed and posted, which were
read and received with enthusiastic in
terest by the Baltimoreans, rejoicing
in the successful defense made for their
city.
It was set to music by Charles Du
rang, a native of Lancaster, Pa., and
the first public rendition of it was at
Ford's Theatre on September 12, 1814.
Its composer's nan'e, by the way is
seldom to be found in musical cata
logues. Whatever the merits of its
composition, it was a matter of little
concern to its author. Inclined a3 he
was to rythmical expression of bis
fancies he had an ignorance of musical
composition that would be utterly in
conceivable if it were not, by a most
remarkable illustration of the law of
heredity, made plain in the case of
some of his descendants. He could
not tell one tune from another. Old
Hundred, Yankee Doodle, Hail Colum
bia, and the Star Spangled Banner
were entirely undistinguishable to tbe
ear of Francis Scott Key. Upon tbe
occasion of the visit to Tupcaloosa, be
fore referred to, he was serenaded, and
tbe local band naturally played the
music of his famous song To the
great astonishment and amusement of
the gentlemen about him, he innocent
ly remarked that "it was a pretty air."
densely ignorant of the tune tbey were
playing. A daughter inherited the
same lack of musical aptitude, and her
daughter, in turn; and now, in the
fourth generation, a greatgranddaugb
ter of the author of the Star Spangled
Banner has vainly tried for years to ac
complish enough musical knowledge to
know that tuno when it is played.
In personal appearance Mr. Key was
tall and thin, cleanly shaven, with a
head of heavy brown hair, disposed to
curl slightly. He had a face of marked
beauty, of peculiar oval form, and a
notable sweetness of countenance. He
had large, dreamy, poetic eyes and a
genuinely sympathetic and mobile ex
pression. A picture in Independence
Hall represents him as a young man.
A portrait in possession of his daugh
ter, Mrs. Turner, who with some of
her decendants is resident in California,
has been copied from the statue to
adorn the monument which is to be
erected to him there, in accordance
with the {150,000 bequest for that pur
pose of James Lick, the eccentric Cali
fornia millionaire.
AN OLD SETTLER'S STORY.
The boys had been telling a few fish,
turtle and suake stories, to which he
listened very attentively. When tbey
had all finished, old 'mossy' gave a
hitch or two and unlimbered. 'Wall,
boys, I never have doubted any sort o'
huntin' story since mv leetle turkle
scrape down on the bottoms.' The
boys all looked inquiringly, and he
proceeded. 'I was a pokin' round down
thar one day last year, when I come
crost the dumdest old-lookiii' turkle
I ever seen. Why, the moss was an
inch thick on his back, and the old cuss
couldn't hardly wiggle his tail. I cut
a stick to measure the depth of the
moss on bis back and accidentally
scraped off a hunk of it, when I seen
some letters. So I scrajied it all off
and thar in big letters wus writ *B. C.'
follered by the figures '567.' Well, I
stood up kinder faint-like, and tuk my
hand off on him to sorter rub my old
bead, when he fetched a flop to get
away and slid down tbe bank a bit and
turned clean over, when, I'll l>e 'dog
oned,' if thar wa'n't printed in the big
gest kind of capitals on his belly, just
ahind his forelegs, 'Adam,' and down
a little furder, nigh his right hind leg
in tbe same style that they put the
name of the town on dog collars) was
printed in smaller type, 'Paradise !'
MlNtaken for ConMumptlan.
Wo have known persons to doctor
for years for consumption, all to no
effect. Though they had a cough, felt
pains in their lungs, were depressed,
weak, with many other symptoms
tending to that disease, yet there was
no structural unsoundness of the lungs.
These symptoms were all tbe painful
offsprings of a torpid and diseased
liver. We could fill a volume with
testimonials of thousands so aliected,
who wore permanently cured by taking
Simmons Liver Regulator.
Look well after your huckleberries
this season. It is said they are infest
ed with poisonous bugs.
For all derangements of the Urinary
Organs, wear a Day Kidney Pad.
Strawberry plants set out during
this monUi will yield a fine crop next
season. When plants are ordered
from a distance it is a good plan to set
them at first, when received, close
together.
Cattle, as well as human beings, are
now able to travel in 'parlor cars.'
These are so arranged that twenty fat
oxen weighing 1,500 pounds apiece,
can be carried in one car, with room
enough to lie down comfortably. On
the journey tbey are fed twice and
watered three times a day, which is a
vast advance on the old cruel system
of transporting cattle. And it is found
that the new system is more economi-
I cal as well as more bumano.
| JUDICIAL INFIRMITIES.
In the address of ex-Chief Justice
Agnew, of this State, before the Liter
ary Societies of Iloanoke College, Vir
ginia, at the recent commencement of
that institution, he calls attention to
certain dangers of Republicau govern
ment in the United States. One of
these dangers he describes as "judicial
infirmity," the chief sources of which
he finds in timidity, local usage and
prejudice, partisanship in nominations
and elections, the influence of great cor
porations, and a too refined education
al trainiug. Since Judge Agnew was
himself on the Bench twenty-seven
years—twelve in the lower Courts and
fifteen in the Supreme Court—be may
.be presumed to know whereof he
speaks, and bis observations on this
point are worthy of attention. Judge
Agnew says:
"Of all the virtues in public life cour
age—tbe Latiu virtus —is the greatest,
because it conserves and crowns all the
rest. Want of it in a judge is a great
infirmity, destroying independence of
thought aud aciion. Boldness must
not be mistaken lor true courage. It
is sometimes the result of too much
self-esteem—or call it vauity—and be
comes a source of error, though not so
often as timidity. Timid minds are af
fected by public opinion, especially
when excited by interest, iguorauce or
clamor. Legal questions are often
greatly misunderstood by the general
public, and bence its opinion is no safe
guide. Timidity will mistake public
sentiment for public interest, and by
confounding them fall into error. When
the mind is thus affected the Judge
has but one remedy—to look directly
at the case itself, thrusting aside all
thought of the parties and the public.
Local usages and prejudices are pow
erful impediments to correct views of
the law, and frequently give it an un
lucky twist. They enter into the very
thoughts of judges living within their
influence. Hence the peculiarities of
large cities will turn the law into new
channels furrowed out by local inter
ests. This produces narrowness and
an inability t8 embrace the entire scope
of all tbe consequences of decision up
on the interests of the whole State. I
have known a city usage to mould a
decision directly in tbe teeth of tbe
express words of a plain act of assem
bly. This is a subject not always un
derstood by tbe public. In all Courts
of the last resort the tendency is to be
governed by general principles—those
reasons which are believed to be most
conducive to the public welfare. This
is proper, for when the law is founded
upon sound reason and good sense it
comports best with the true public in
terest. But it is just here the judge
subject to this local influence is misled;
he confounds the interest springing
out of tbe local usage with the general
public interest of the whole State, and
thus falls into error.
Partisan nominations and elec
tions are another source of infirmity
Indeed, it is common where lawyers
prominent in politics aspire to judicial
stations. Their opinions as active par
tisans continue to wield a strong influ
ence over their judgments. One as a
partisan will justify what as a man he
cannot tlefend. If a party question
comes before him his political friends
know where to find him. Nor is this
always an imputation on his integrity.
His prejudices, and not intentional
wrong, mislead him. Nevertheless, the
evil consequence is the same. When
partisan bias is added to a vigorous in
tellect the case is much worse. It in
trenches itself behind ingenious reason
ing and plausible pretexts, and thus
ceives the public. A judge of this kind
is a public calamity, and especially so
wbeu be secures a long term of office.
The influence of great corporations is
another cause of judicial infirmity. It
is rarely the case that they approach
the Bench directly. That would alarm
the conscience of the judge. The lever
used by them is an alleged public inter
est. If a great railroad company would
exercise some desired power to tbe in
jury of private right, as to take private
property, the public necessity is invok
ed. The necessity is dilated upon and
magnified, while the private interest is
contracted to the least degree. In most
instances the corporate interest repre
sents immense wealth and influential
persons on that side, while the other is
but a single person and a small inter
est. Here this form of judicial weak
ness appears. Under the overshadow
ing influence of tbe corporation the ju
dicial mind exaggerates the public ne
cessity uutil it towers like a mountain
over the individual right. This wrong
is committed also when judges inter
pret the law or the Constitution strict
ly against the citizens and liberally in
favor of the corporations. The true
end of government is the protection of
tbe fundamental rights of men, of which
the right of property is one, sacredly
guarded by the Declaration of Rights,
and excepted out of the power of gov
ernment, uuder special limitations.
Hence when a judge without a clear,
well-supported and preponderating pub
lic necessity strikes down the natural
right of property in favor of a corpora
tion be does a great wrong, aud fails to
serve the true end of government. It
is a clear breach of official duty, whose
great purpose is the protection of indi
vidual fundamental rights.
Another evil is one inseperable
largely from the requirements of the
Bench, and begets aiij infirmity often
productive of injustice. No one is fit
for the higher judiciary whose mind is
not expanded by study and various
knowledge. The Judge must deal
with all conditions of society, all the
employments and affairs of life. As a
consequence those who fill higher
grades are generally meu whose lives
have been sj»ent in study and refine
ment. They have rarely felt priva
tions and wants of the under class—
not the poor or patq>er class, hut those
who live by daily labor, accumulate
slowly, and possess small and humble
homesteads Such Judges, raised in j
comfort and refinement, unlike the
Great Master,are not touched with a
feeling of the infirmities of those be
neath tbem, or a sympathy which
springs from a participation in their
trials and their humble lot. Yot the I
homestead of the humble citizen—the '
roof which covers wife and children, or
the garden spot which helps to feed
them—is to him as dear, as great, as
the place of wealth or the castle of pow
er, and his right the Constitution guards
with strictness. Yet here it is where the
influence of education and social rela
tions misleads the judicial mind, which,
untouched by a fellow-feeling, suffers
the humble right to be overshadowed
aud lost in the exaggerated impor
tance of the supposed public necessity.
True greatness of mind would lead to
more contemplative views of the rela
tions of society, and hold the scales of
justice more righteously between right
and power; or if the poor man's right
must give way to a real prepondera
ting necessity, would securetoajustcom
pensation by a rightful interpretation
of the Constitution and law.
What is the remedy for judicial in
firmity is a question more easily asked
than answered. The natural qualities
and educational characteristics of men
cannot be readily determined by the
public. Reputation is the only com
mon means of discovery. The people
who desire their Beuches to rise to the
most elevated standard of right and
justice must see to it, therefor, that rings
and politicians do not fill them with
tools and mere partisans, and that those
they support have the highest reputa
tion for integrity, knowledge, candor
and honor.
FACTS CONCERNING JAY
GOULD.
The other morning while Mr. Cole,
the proprietor of the coming circus and
menagerie of that name, was picking
his teeth on the steps of the Russ
House, a tall sun-burned, bald-headed
man, with pine burrs in his clothes and
a stick of sassafras in his mouth, ap
proached and said:
'Be you the wild animal man, mis
ter ?'
The proprietor of the 'Double Mam
moth Mastodon Aggregation" admitted
that such was the fact.
'Then,' proceeded the party from the
mountains, "I think I'll get you to
make an offer for a large sized healthy
Califomy lion I've got."
'Good specimen, eh ?' asked the cir
cus man.
'Good? Well I should say so. Meas
ures eleven feet from the tip of his nose
to the tip of his tail. Caught him my
self when a cub. Just, four years old
to-morrow.
'Hum—good appetite?'
'Appetite ?—Great Scott—appetite !
Well, I should smile—that's just the
point—that's just why I'm parting
with Jay—l call hiin Jay Gould be
cause he takes everything in. If it
wasu't for his appetite, and the queer
little things it makes him do, I would
n't part with Gould for a fortune.
'Savage, eh ?'
'Well, no; I don't know as I could
call Jay savage, exactly—sorter nib
bish though, may be. Has a kinder
habit of gnawing up things, so to speak.
In fact the neighbors—l live up at
Bladder' J Peak—have gotten to be so
fussy and particular of late that I can't
so much as unchain J. G. for a little
fresh air without their getting grumpy
over it ?'
'There's no pleasing some people,'
said the hippodromer.
'I should say not. Now, frinstanre,
'bout three months after Jay got to be
as big as a boarding bouse sofa, I came
home one day from a picnic and found
he had eaten up old Aunt Maria, who
had been left at home to mind the
house—leastwise she was nowhere to
be found; and as Jay Gould seemed
sorter bulgy like, and kept coughing
up hairpins and false teeth for a day or
two, we kinder suspicioneu the whole
thing.
'Maternal aunt ?' inquired the show
man thoughtfully.
'Exactly. My wife took on dread
fully at first, and wanted me to shoot
Jay right ofT. But I told her that be
probably suffered a good deal as it was
and that as most likely he'd catch
rheumatism and things from tho re
mains, we'd better call it square '
'And did she ?'
'Well, she kinder got reconciled after
awhile, especially as Jay seemed fond
of playing with the children. One
morning soon after that my wife's
mother—whole family lived with me,
you see—didn't come down to break
fast. As all her false hair was hang
ing over a chair back, and Gould crawl
ed out from under the bed licking his
chops, and with his tongue a good deal
coated—mother-in-law was always tak
ing things for the liver complaint—we
saw at onco it was another visitation
of Providence, and that the heavy hand
of affliction was again upon us.'
'Looked that way, didn't it V
'Well, as you may suppose, tho old
lady—that's my wife—pranced around
a good deal then, and got down the
breech-loader right away. But just
then there arrived a gold medal from
the S. P. C. A. society, awarded on
account of my forbearance in the Aunt
Maria business, and so I got her calm
ed down after awhile.'
'Pacified her, eh ?'
'Yes, I managed to arrange a re
prieve for Jay, somehow. You see I
was always awful fond of pets and ten
der hearted and all that, you under
stand. I argued that the poor animal
didn't know that he was doing wrong
—merciful man I"B merciful to his beast,
etc., etc. That smoothed things over
for another month.'
'What happened then ?'
'Well, one day 1 sent Tommy, our
youngest boy, down to the store for
some sugar, and he took Gould along
for company. Now, whether it was
because Jay was fond of sugar or not
I don't know, but he came home alone,
and as soon as we noticed a kind of
bulge on his ribs, about as big as Tom
my, we concluded that the dread archer
had marked another Kkidmore—my
name is Kkidmore—for his own. The
whole family took on like mad, and
Mrs. Kkidmore was about to shore the
powder keg under J. (1. and touch it
off herself, when I pointed out that it
wouldn't do to desecrate our offspring's
tomb in that way. So I just had the
burial service read over the lion anl
tied crape around his neck for thirty
days. How does that slrike you?'
'After that you kept that animal
chained.'
ADVERTISING ItATEH,
Oue square, ono insertion, $1 ; each subse
quent insertion, 50 cents. Yearly advertisement
exceeding one-fourth of a column, (5 per inch
Figure work double these rate*; addition*
charges where weekly or monthly changes are
made. Local advertisements 10 cents per line
for fii>t insertion, and 5 cents per line for each
additional insertion. Marriages and deaths pub
lished free of charge. Obitnvy notices charged
as advertisements, and payable when handed in
Auditors' Notices, 44 ; Executors' and Adminis
trators' Notices. $3 each; Estray, Caution and
Dissolution Notices, not exceeding ten lines,
each.
From the fact that the CITIZKX is the oldest
established and most extensively circulated I£e-
SuLlican newspaper in Butler county, (a Reput
can county) it must be apparent " to business
men that it is tho medium they should use in
advertising their business.
NO. 37
'Well, no. The fact is I set out to
get a chain several times, but one thing
and another prevented, until one day
last week I actually missed the old
lady herself. I looked around for her
for a couple of days, when somehow of
a sudden I sorter inteutioned where
she was. I gave Gould about half a
pound of emetic right away, but all we
could get out of him was a pair of high
heeled shoes and a chest protector. It
was too late—too late ! We put the
shoes and things in a coffin, aud had
Jay led behind the herse to the ceme
tery. Wanted to have as much of the
corpse present as possible, don't you
sec ? We had the animal all decorat
ed with flowers and things, as tine as
you please. Folks say it was the
touchiest thing that ever took place in
them parts.' and the bereaved husband
sighed heavily.
i 'Don't wonder you want to sell tho
l*asi,' remarked the menagerie man af
ter a pause.
'Well, I sorter do, and I sorter don't
said Mr. Skidmore, abstractedly.
'There's so many memories and things
clustering around J. G—seems kinder
like parting with one's family burying
lot, as it were. On the other hand,
though, now that the old lady is gone,
I sorter feel as if the insect had—well,
had outlived his usefulness so to speak.
So suppose 1 just have this box hauled
around to your show after the perform
ance this afternoon, and see if we can't
strike a bargain.'
'All right,' said the manager, 'l'm
going up Salt Lake way after awhile,
and perhaps I can work him off for big
money to some of the Mormon elders.'
'There's a mint of coin in him as a
family pet,' said the other earnestly.
And after striking the circus pro
prietor for a season dead-head, the
widower shouldered his umbrella and
drifted sadly down street.
LOCK J A W.
The death of Willie Cahill, of Utica,
from lockjaw revives these remarks
from an exchange: 'Every little while
we read of a case of lockjaw terminat
ing fatally, arising from a wound in
the feet or limbs from rusty nails. Of
course every rusty nail wound does
not prevent anyone from doing it,
that we are surprised at people's care
lessness, and the danger they submit
themselves to thereby. If a wound
caused by a rusty nail, a cut of an axo
or other tool, or any incised wound, or
even a sprain, is thoroughly exposed
to the smoke of burning wool or woolen
fabrics, unless the wool is very, very
bad, the int lammation is all taken out, the
wound heals from the bottom and all
danger of titanus is removed. The
modus operandi is as follows: In a
convenient receptacle of iron or fire
proof vessel place a quantity of live
coals from a wood fire. On these
throw a small handful of wool or woolen
rags then hold the wound over the
smoke, as close to the buaning mass as
tho heat will allow, covering the
the wounded portiou with a blanket
draped over that and the fire. Con
tinue the smoke by adding fresh fire or
wool as otten as necessary for from
twenty minutes to three-fourths of an
hour, according to the severity of the
wound, or the amount of inflammation
already existing. After smoking, the
wound should be dressed in the approved
method, leaving the mouth of the wound
open for discharge. The treatment will
immediately allay pain, remove inflam
mation, and put it in a condition for
healing by the 'first intention.' It is a
positive preventative of titanus, and
the best healing agent known. The
smoking should lie repeated if the in
flammation increases or the pain re
turns."
General L. F. Ross, of Avon, 111.,
who has long been a breeder of the
beautiful and docile Devon cattle, is
now engaged in nn effort to 'breed ofF
the horns, which he thinks a useless
appendage, and at the same time to
preserve the peculiar excellences of
the Devon breed. For this purpose lie
procured a thorough-bred polled Nor
folk bull, which, like the Devon, is red
in color, and now has about twenty
polled calves from this bull and grade
Devon cows.
Brood mares, while suckling their
foals, may safely be used for moderate
work but under such conditions they
must IK; generously fed, and care
should be exercised to prevent the foals
from sucking while the mares are over
heated. It will usually be found more
convenient to leave the foal in the
stable while working the mare; and in
such cases she should be permitted to
stand until thoroughly cooled off before
the fool has access to her.
Nowhere are apple and pear trees so
free from blight and destructive in
sects as in the immediate neighborhood
of a large black ant-hill five or six
years old. The favorite food of ants
would ap|»ear to be the larva> and pupa:
of those creatures which spend the
whole of their brief existence in devour
ing the tender shoots and juvenile of
fruit trees. German orchardists regard
these energetie little creatures as
among their most efficient helpers, and
take pains to establish ant-hills in their
orchards.
The Australian census, of which the
approximate results were made known
early in May, has surprised and disap
pointed the people of Victoria, who
find themselves less numerous by more
than 100,000 than they had supposed
themselves to be. The total population
of Victoria is 855,796. Allowing for
the natural increase by births, the sta
tistics reveal an actual loss of 21,000
during the decade, and it is further
more entirely among the male popula
tion. This state of affairs revealed by
the census has provoked expressions of
discontent throughout the colony. A
correspondent of The London Qlobe
says that the most obvious cause is the
faulty system of land legislation, which
tempts a poor man to settle on the
land though he may have no capital
and no experience in farming or graz
ing. After a few years of miserable
existence his discontent urges him to
remove to sorno other colony where the
laud laws are still more liberal, in the
hope of bettering his condition. It is
supposed that New-South Wales has
absorbed the larger part of the popula
tion which Victoria ought to have re
tained.