HUBNIUIPTIOSr II AT EM : Per year, in advance II 80 Otherwise -2 00 No eubscription will b« discontinued until all arrearages arc paid. Poetmaatera neglecting to notify no when (subscribe™ do not take out their papers will bo held liable for the oubucripticu. Subacnbem romuving from one poutoilice to another should give us the name of the former as well an the present office. All communications intended for publication n this paper must bo accompanied by the real name of the writer, not for publication but aa a guaiantee of good faith. Marriage and death notices must be accompa nied by a responsible name. Address THE BUTT ER CITIZEN. BUTLER. PA. EDmkli FOB RMEUIATtSI, Neuralgia, Sciatica, Lumbago, Backache, Sorensss of the Chest, Gout, Quinsy, Sora Throat, S well/ngs and Sprains, Burns and Scalds, General Bodily Pains, Tooth, Ear and Headache, Frosted Feet and Ears, and all othor Pains and Aches. No Preparation on eartli equals FT. 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A thorough treat ment as directed win cure Catarrh. As a house hold remedy for cold in the head is iinequaied. The Balm Is enfly to use and agreeable. Sold bv druggist* at 50 cents. On receipt of so cents will mail a packiigo. Send for circular with full Infor mation. ELY'S CREAM BALM CO.. Owego, N. Y. For sale in Butler by D. 11. \Vidler, J. C. Kedick, Zimmerman Si W uller. Coulter Si Linn. CRYSTAL EN E. THE BEST AND CHEAPEST A_ I N T, in the market. It can be used on Wood, Iron, Tin, leather, I'laster or Paper. Mixed. Ready For Use. ALL COLORS. It goes further, lasts lunger, looks better and Is CHEAPER than any other paint. For painting Houses. Bams, Roofs. Fences, Wagons, &e„ IT HAS NO EQUAL Call and examine samples. J. G. REDICK, 2uai>r3iu] GENERAL AGENT, BUTLER, I'A. VOL. XVIII. [From Harper's Magazine for August, 1881.] THE SURRENDER OF CORN WALLIS. CONTINUED FROM LAST WEEK. The first week of October was devo ted by the allies to preparations, such as the making of gabions, fascines and stakes, bringing up of guus and careful surveying for approaches. The enemy meanwhile opened fire on all pickets and observing parties that showed tLemselves, four men of the Pennsylva nia Hue being killed by one shot on the 3d inst. On the evening of the fith, all things being in readiness, three thousand men, with shovels and ga bions, broke ground for the first paral lel within seven hundred yards of the enemy, whose firiug during the night did but little execution. By dawn of the 7th a respectable intreuchmeiit had been completed, running from the York below around to the works at Pigeon Quarter, and a few hours later the light infantry corps entered the line, with drums beating and colors flying, and planted their standards on top of the parallel. The French took possession to the left!fof them. Industrious dig ging on the part of the allied forces continued night and day, and by the afternoon of the Oth a sufficient num ber of batteries had been erected to open the bombardment of Yorktown. The first to fire, at three o'clock, was a French battery on the extreme left, near the bank of the river above the town. At five o'clock an American battery on the extreme right, on the river bauk, followed with discharges from eighteen and twenty-tour pound ers, and the serious work of the siege had begun. The journal of more than one Amer ican officer mentions the fact that the first shot from the American battery was fired by Washington himself. Col onel Cortlandt remembered that hedis- tinctly heard it crash into some houses in Yorktown. If Captain Samuel Gra ham, of the Seventy-sixth Regiment, whose station was directly in the line of fire, was not mistaken as to the par ticular discharge he refers to in his memoirs, this first shot was singularly fatal. A party of officers from the Sev enty-sixth were then at dinner in a neighboring building. The British Commissary-General Perkins was with them. One of the officers was an old Scotch lieutenant, who, when the allies first invested the place, was heard to soliloquize as he buckled on his sword: "Come on, Maister Washington. I'm unco glad to see you. I've been offer ed money for my commission, but I could na think ot gangin' home without a sight of you Come on." Poor fellow, Washington fell up on him in a way that was quite unex pected, for the first ball struck and wounded him terribly. It also wound ed the quarter-master and adjutaut of the Seventy-sixth, aud killed the coin missary-geueral. Auother marked cas ualty of the siege was the death of Major Cochrane, who arrived at York town on the 10th, with dispatches from Clinton to Cornwallis. Two days af ter, in company with the British gen eral, he went to the lines, and fired one of the guns himself; but as he looked over the parapet to see its effect en ri cochet, a ball from the American works carried away his head, narrowly mis sine: Cornwallis, who was standing by his side. By the 13th, so effective had the fire of the allies become that that of the enemy was entirely silenced. In some of their batteries the fascines, platforms, guns and gun-carriages were all pounded together in a broken mass, while shot and shell enfiladed the town from one end to the other. Cornwal lis' own head-quarters became untena ble almost from the beginning of the bombardment. He Lad occupied the grand brick mansion of Mr. Nelson, the former Secretary of Yirginia, which stood at the edge of the town, near the centre of the line of defenses, and where the Secretary was still living. As the bouse was a conspicuous object, and iu the range of fire from many points in the American line, it suffered more than any other, and no one could re main in it with safety. Cornwallis withdrew from it about the 10th, as did Mr. Nelson, who received permis sion to pass into the American lines. Fifteen years after the war it still stood unrepaired, "pierced in every direction with cannon-shot and bomb-shells." Nor could the British shipping in the river remain at the usual anchorage off the town. A number of vessels had been scuttled and sunk by order of the British commander, while the Charon, a forty-four-gun ship, was set on fire on the night of the 10th by hot shot from the French battery on the extreme left, and destroyed. An officer who witnessed the sight writes : "The Cha ron was on fire from the water's edge to her truck at the same time. I never saw anything so magnificent." Two transports close to her were also burn ed. Vigorously as the siege was prose cuted, the turuiDg point and the end came even sooner than expected ; but then from the beginning it had been a campaign of surprises. The incident which largely determined matters oc curred in connection with the construc tion by the allies of a second parallel from three to five hundred yards in advance of the first, thus bringing both wings within storming distance of the British lines. This parallel was open ed on the night of the 11th by detach ments from the two armies, Steuben's division furnishing the American de tail. The parties moved out at dusk, every second man carrying a fascine and shovel, and every man "a shovel, spade, or grubbing hoe," and by morn ing they had thrown up an intrench ment seven hundred and fifty yards long, three and a half feet deep, and seven feet wide. It was an exciting and busy night, with its alarms of sor ties by the enemy, and the whizzing of shot and shell from the first parallel over the heads of the diggers. Two men were killed by the premature bursting of French shells in this cross fire. Both Steuben and Wayne were exposed as well as their men, and the stOry is told of them that once, when a shell fell near them, Steuben threw himself into the trench, and Wayne followed, stumbling over him. "Ah ha, Wayne," laughed Steuben, "you | cover your retreat in the best manner possible." This was coming to close quarters, but the increasingly effective fire from the French and Amer ican batteries continued to keep the British gunners very quiet, and work on the second line went on two days longer without many casualties. It bad been observed, however, that the new parallel would not form a suffici ently compact investment unless it was extended on the right to the river bank. But here there was a serious obstacle, for the ground near the river was occu pied by two outer British redoubts, which must first be taken. The reso lution to storm them was accordingly formed the moment the necessity was obvious, and the capture of the two forts stands out as the incident which more than any other marked the energy of the siege, and which, upon his own admission, hastened the surrender of Cornwallis. We have no "great" as sault here, no storming of the Malakoff or Redan ; but the work was done so well, was so highly praised at the time, and was, moreover, the last piece of fighting on the part of any of Wash ington's troops, that some of its details mav be recalled. The assault was assigned to the choice corps of the allied army, the work upon the right, on the high bank of the York, to the American light in fantry, the other, nearly a quarter of a mile to the left, to the French chas seurs and grenadiers. The martial pride of these soldiers, excited by what amounted to a friendly challenge to do their best, carried them along to com plete success, both redoubts being gal lantly takeu at the same moment. Tho time selected was the night of the 14th. On the side of the French, the storm ing party was composed of four hun dred men, the grenadiers and chasseurs of the regiments Gatenois and Royal Deuxpouts. The work they were to take was a bastion redoubt, standing directly across the road from York town to the Moore house below, and was held by a lieutenant-colonel and about a hundred and twenty men. Col onel William Deuxponts, a brave, en thusiastic spirit in the French army, commanded the detachment, with Lieutenant-Colonel Baron de l'Estrad®, an officer of forty years' service, as second. As the detachment moved out into position, everybody wished Deuxponts success and glory, and ex pressed regrets at not being able to go with him. "That moment," he writes in his journal, "seemed to me very sweet, and was very elevating to the soul and animating to the courage. My brother, especially, my brother— and I never shall forget it—gave me marks of a tenderness which penetra ted to the bottom of my heart." At the given signal—the firing of six shells—about eight o'clock, the force advanced in columns by platoons, the first fifty chasseurs carrying fascines to fill the ditch, and eight carrying lad ders. Two trusty sergeants, who with Deuxponts and L'Estrade had previ ously reconnoitred the ground with great care, led the way. The second battalion of the Gatcuois regiment, un der Count de Rostaing, remained in reserve, Baron de Viomenil command ing the entire torce. Deuxpouts mov ed on silently, when, at a hundred and twenty paces from the redoubt, a Hes sian sentinel discovered them. "Wer da? Who goes there ?" he shouted. No answer coming, the enemy instant ly opened fire. Unluckily the strong abatis twenty-five paces in front of the fort stopped the French several min utes, and there they lost many men ; but the obstructions once cleared, the chasseurs dashed on and began mount ing the parapet. The first to reach the top was the Chevalier De Lameth, but receiving a point-blank discharge from the Hessian infantry, he fell back shot through both knees. L'Estrade while climbing was tumbled into the ditch by a soldier falling from above him. Rising badly bruised he scolded the man roundly for making such bucgling work of it. Deuxponts also fell, when young Lieutenant De Severgne, of the chasseurs, pulled him up the parapet, to be fatally wounded in doing so. Finding the French actually on the edges of their redoubt, the enemy charged upon them, but Deuxponts or dered his men to fire and countercharge, which had the desired effect. The Hes sians threw down their arms, and the French raised the shout of "Yivc le roi" over their achievement. They had carried the work in half an hour, with the loss of fifteen killed and seven ty-seven wounded, the enemy losing eighteen killed and about fifty priso ners. For his conduct on this occasion Deuxponts received the title of Cheva lier in the military order of St. Louis as a special distinction, In his journal he has this appreciative word for his comrades : "With troops so good, so brave and so disciplined as those I have the honor to lead against the ene my, one can undertake anything and be sure of succeeding, if the impossibil ity of it has not been proved. I owe them the happiest day of my life, and certainly the recollection of it will nev er be effaced from my mind." At the other redoubt the success of tho Americans was equally brilliant. The praise bestowed by La Fayette upon his light-infantry, that thev were equal to the best troops in the world, proved to be well grounded. Viomenil believed he was adding to the compli ment when he referred to them as be having on this occasion like grenadiers accustomed to difficult things. These light-infantry troops in truth were most ' of them, both officers and men, not on ly veterans of the war, but the choicest in the army, half of them, in addition ! to previous service, having just com pleted the campaign in Virginia under La Fayette. Upon the present occa sion the battalions selected for the as sault were Gimat'p, Alexander Hamil ton's, and part of Laurens', the whole under the immediate command of Ham ilton, whose own corps was led by his major, Nicholas Fish, of New York, j As in the case of tho French, the de tachment was four hundred strong. The command at first was a matter of dispute. La Fayette, as chief of the Light Division, had intended the honor for Gimat, then actiug as his aide, Gi niat having entered the American army .in 1777, and served two terms with BUTLER. PA., WEDNESDAY. AUGUST 3,1881 ' the light-infantry, with the brevet rank iof lieutenant-colonel. On that date, 1 October 14, Hamilton was field-officer ,of the day. lie at once protested against Gimat's appointment for com mand during his own tour of duty. Be ing informed by La Fayette that the assignment had already been made, and approved at head-quarters, he wrote a spirited letter to Washington, who, upon inquiring into the claim, de cided in favor of Hamilton, much to the latter's gratification. Gimat's bat talion, however, as the oldest and one of the three that had been in Virginia from the first, retained the post of hon or in the van of the assaulting party. It had been drawn from the eastern liues. John P. Wyllys, of Hartford, was its major, and its original captains were Richards, Douglass, Heart, Wel les, and Barker from Connecticut, Hunt and another from Massachusetts, and Olnev from Rhode Island. Hamilton's battalion was composed of two New York and two Connecticut companies ; and of Laurens' two companies, which were part of Scammell's old corps, one was from Connecticut, under Captain Stephen Bptts, of Stamford, and the other probably from New Hampshire. With this detachment went also a par ty of sappers and miners under Captains Gilliland and Kirkpatrick. For a re serve corps, La Fayette drew up the remainder of the Light Divis ion, under Generals Muhlenberg and llazen, and in their rear Wayne posted two Pennsylvania battalions. At the given signal—the six shells— Hamilton and his column advanced rapidly with unloaded muskets, Lau rens have first been detached to take the redoubt in reverse, and prevent the escape of the garrison. Under the al most perfect discipline of these troops every order was executed with precis ion. As they neared the work, they rushed to the charge without waiting for the sapDers to remove the abatis, and thereby saved themselves the de lay and loss which befell the French. Climbing over or breaking through the obstructions, they reached the ditch, enveloped the work, and scaling the parapet, were quickly in possession. The forlorn hope of twenty men, under Lieutenant John Mansfield, of the Fourth Connecticut, led the column without waveriug. Mansfield, who en tered the work among the first, receiv ing a bayonet wound, was reported by Hamilton as deserving particular com mendation for his "coolness, firmness and punctuality." Stephen Olney, of Rhode Island, perhaps the oldest cap tain in tne service, maFched with his company at the head of the detach ment, but in attempting to climb into the fort two of the enemy struck at him with their bayonets, which slid down his spoutoon or spear, and wound ed him severely in the side and arm. Hamilton thought him entitled to "pe culiar applause." Captain Hunt was also wounded, as well as Kirkpatrick, of the sappers. Hamilton himself was accompanied by Colonel Armand and three officers of his troop, as volunteers, who behaved with conspicuous gallan try, all climbing: the parapet under fire to stimulate the courage of the rank and file. Gamat was wounded in the foot just as the obstructions were reached, and retired. Laurens mean while conducted his two companies with his usual skill and neive, and suc ceeded in coming in at the right mo ment to make Major Campbell, the the commandant of the garrison, his prisoner. With him was Captain Betts, ■who also was honored with a wound. In ten minutes the work was over, and so well timed was every movement, that Major Fish's battalion, which fol lowed Gimat's, inclining to the right, participated in the assault, and Lieu tenant-Colonel Barber's battalion, which La Fayette sent forward at the last moment to support Hamilton, was on hand after the assault to help hold the position in case of a counter-attack by the enemy. The American loss in the assault was nine killed and twenty five wounded. Washington could not conceal his enthusiasm over the success of these brilliant feats, and in general orders he praised the troops unstinted ly—officers and men alike. A Sergeant Brown, of the Fifth Connecticut, was subsequently awarded a special "badge of merit" for his coolness and gallant conduct as one of Hamilton's forlorn hope. No sooner were the redoubts taken than the supports fell to digging, and by morning both works were included in the 3econd parallel, which thus be came complete, and unpleasantly men acing to the besieged. It would have been quite contrary to the custom of a besieged force, and rather a reflection upon the British troops in particular, had no sortie been made by them upon the besiegers ; and accordingly on the night of the lGth we find them dashing out at the second parallel with their usual courage, and repeating what the French and Amer icans had done two nights before. Corn wallis' object was to cripple some un finished batteries whose fire, when opened, would prove 'too destructive, and thus gain a little more time for still possible relief. The party, which was led by Colonel Abercrombie, num bered about four hundred men, half of them light-infantry, under Major Arm strong, and the other half the grena diers of the Foot-Guards aud Captain Murray's company of the Eightieth, under Lieutenant-Colouel Lake. Mov ing forward about three o'clock in the morning, they rushed upon a French battery, drove off the guards, spiked four canuon, and then attacked Captain Savage's Massachusetts battery to its right. Entering it they quickly spiked his three guns with bayonet points, and challenged, 'What troops?' 'French,' came the answer, on which Abercrom bie shouted, 'Push on, my brave boys, and skin the hounds !' But just then the Count de Noailles, who had com mand of the supports that night, dis tinctly hearing Abercroiubie's cry, or dered his grenadiers to the charge, when they instantly met the British with the shout of "Vive le roi I" killed eight of them, took twelve prisoners, with the loss of twenty officers and men on their part, and one American sergeant, and prevented the assailants from doing further mischief. It was altogether a gallant sortie, but it prov- Ed of no avail, and in six hours the spiked guns were playing upon Yoik j town. When some British officers vis ' ited the spot after the surrender, the French feelingly showed them the grave of a brave sergeant of the Guards whom they had buried in the parapet where he fell. Cornwallis now thoroughly appreci ated his critical position, but determin [ ed to make a desperate effort to escape before surrendering. On the night of the lfitb he began to trausfer his troops to the opposite side, at Gloucester Point, with the design of breaking through the besiegers there with his whole force, and by rapid marches push northward for New York. It is scarcely possible that be conld have succeeded; and the elements interposed to stop him. At midnight a storm arose, preventing the crossing of all the troops, and at dawn those who had already crossed returned to their old stations at the works. Finally, on the 17th of October—a date vividly remembered by our sol diers as the anniversary of Burgoyne's surrender—the end came. At ten o'clock that morning a drummer in red mounted the enemy's parapet on the left, and began to beat a "parley." As for being beard, he might have drum med till doomsday ; but he could readi ly be seen, and the cannonading stop ped. An ensign at the American lines imagined that he never before heard music so delightful as the sound of that drum. No one could have mis understood its meaning. In fact, the drummer in that particular role was somewhat of a momentous figure. He seemed to publicly confess the eud of British domination in America, and proclaim the success of the "rebel" Revolution. With the drummer appeared an offi cer waving a white handkerchief. He was met and blindfolded by an Ameri can officer, and eouducted to the rear of our lines. The message Cornwallis had sent by him to Washington was to the effect that hostilities be suspended for twenty-four hours, and joint com missioners appointed to determine the terms of surrender. To this Washing ton replied that he should prefer, be fore the meeting of commissioners, to have his lordship's proposals submitted to him in writing, and that for the pur pose he would grant a suspension of hostilities for two hours. Cornwallis complied, and sent in the terms on which he proposed to capitulate. Among his demands he included the inadmissible condition that his troops should be sent to England upon a pa role not to serve against either France or America during the continuance of the war unless regularly exchanged. Again the flag returned, and this time with an ultimatum from Washington, who had good reasons for wasting as little time as possible in negotiations. There existed all through the siege the possibility of the British fleet's appear ance off the Capes, and the breaking up of De Grasse's blockade of the York, which might prove fatal to the success of the siege operations. Every day's delay increased the danger. The situ ation might change any hour, and Cornwallis be encouraged to hold out in the hope of immediate relief. Wash ington's terni3 included the surrender of the British army as prisoners of war, upon the basis of the Charleston capi tulation in 1780, to which Cornwallis yielded. This result was effected by the night of the 17th, and on the 18th commissioners met to digest and em body the articles. On the part of the British appeared Dundas and Major Ross, and for the French and Americans the Viscount de Noailles and Lieutenant-Colonel Lau rens. They met at the Moore house, on the bank of the York (now a ricke ty ruin), a short distance in the rear of the American lines, and drew up fourteen articles, providing for the sur render of the garrison, and the dispo sition of the ordnance, stores, ships, and loyalists. On the morning of the 19th these were submitted to Cornwal lis, accompanied by a note from Wash ington intimating his expectation that the terms would be signed by eleven o'clock that morning, and that the troops would march out to surrender their arms at two in the afternoon. At eleven o'clock the articles were signed "in the trenches," and Cornwal lis and his army, which had been the scourge and danger of the South for fourteen months, were prisoners of war. A great result, from every point of view! Although peace was not to come for many months, the blow struck here was felt to be effective and final. The British Hannibal had found a sort of Zama in Yorktown, and the new commonwealth, freed of his dangerous presence, could now confi dently indulge in visions of unlimited power and empire. At noon of the 19th we have the first act of surrender. Yorktown chang ed hands. Two redoubts on the left of the enemy's works were at that hour taken possession of bv detachments from the allied army. Colonel Richard Butler commanded the American and the Marquis Laval the French party, each of one hundred men. At two o'clock we reached the closing scene. The army of Cornwallis marched out as prisoners of war, grounded their arms, and then marched back. Ac counts agree in describing the display and ceremony on the occasion as quite imposing. The British appeared in new uniforms, distributed among them a few days before, and it only required the flying of their standards to give their march the effect of a holiday pa rade. But their colors were cased, aud the}* were prohibited from playing either a French or an American tune. This was the return of a compliment, a piece of justifiable as well as poetic re taliation on the part of the Americans for what the enemy yrere pleased to command when General Lincoln was compelled to surrender at Charleston the year before. The matter came up at the meeting of the commissioners. "This is a harsh article," said Ross to Laurens. "Which article ?' answered the lat ter. "The troops shall march out, with colors caned, and drums beating a British or a Oerman march." "Yes, sir," returned Laurens, with a touch of sang froid, "it is a harsh arti cle." "Then," said Ross, "if that is your opinion, why is it here?" Whereupon Laurens, who had been made prisoner at Charleston with Lin coln's army, proceeded to remind Ross that the Americans on that occasion had made a brave defense, but were ungallantlv refused any honors of sur render, other than to march out with colors and drums not beating a British or a German march. "But," rejoined Ross, "my Lord Cornwallis did uot command at Charles ton." "There, sir," said Laurens, "you ex tort another observation. It is not the individual that is here considered ; it is the nation. This remains an arti cle, or I cease to be a commissioner." Nothing more was to be said; the article stood, and the enemy marched out with colors cased, while the tune they chose to follow was an old Brit ish march with the quite appropriate title of "The World Turned Upside Dowu." As the prisoners moved out of their works along the Hampton road, they found the French and American armies drawn up on either side of the way, the Americans on their right, and ex tending for more than a mile toward the field of surrender. The French troops presented a brilliant spectacle in their white uniforms, with plumed and decorated officers at their head, and gorgeous standards of white silk, em broidered with golden Jleurs-de-lis, floating along the line. The Americans were less of an attraction in outward appearance, but not the less eagerly eyed by their late antagonists. Among the war-worn Continentals there was variety of dress, poor at the best, dis tinguishing the men of the different lines; but, to compensate for lack of show, there was a soldierly bearing about them which commanded atten tion. The militia formed in their rear presented a less martial sight, so far as clothing and order were concerned. But all these men were conquerors, and their very appearance bespoke the hardships and privation they and their States had undergone to win in the struggle. At the head of the respec tive lines were the commanding gener als, nobly mouuted—Washington, Rochambeau, La Fayette, Lincoln, Steuben, Knox, and the rest. Leading the British came General O'Hara in stead of Comwallis. The latter pleaded illness, but he sent his sword by O'Hara to be given up to Washington. As O'Hara advanced to the chief, he was referred to Lincoln, who, upon receiv ing the sword as a token of the enemy's submission, immediately returned it to the British general, whose troops then marched between the two lines to a field on the right, where they grounded their arms. For the proud and veteran soldiers, who were the heroes of re peated Southern victories, this was a humiliating ceremony, but it was done in good order. In the Geld a squadron of French hussars had formed a circle, and within it each regiment marched and deposited their arms. There were sad hearts in the column. The colonel of the Bavreuthian regiment, Von Sev bothen, led his men into the circle, and gave the commands : "Present arms ! Lay down arms ! Put off swords and cartridge-boxes!" his checks wet with tears. A corporal in the Seventy-sixth feelingly clasped his musket to his breast, and then threw it down, with the words, "May you never get so good a master!" Writes a captain, "We marched out reluctantly enough." Trumbull's painting in the Rotunda at the Capitol represents the surrender of the enemy's standards. Returning to their tents through the same lines, the British were permitted a few days of rest, when the rank and file, with a number of officers, were marched off to prison-camps at Win chester, Virginia, and Frederick, Mary land, guarded chiefly bv militiamen. Their route lay through Williamsburg, Fredericksburg, Red House, and Ash by's Gap, into the Shenanioah Valley. When they passed through the Gap, two or three of the English officers rode up to Mrs. Ashley's tavern, and asked if she could get them up a dinner. She stared at their uniform, and ejacu lated at the spokesman, "A militiaman, I guess." "No," said the officer. "Continental' mayhap?" Another negative. "Oho!" she exclaimed again, "I see; you are one of the sarpints—one of old < Wallis's men. Well, now, I have two sons; one was at the catching of Johnny Burgoyne, and the other at that of you, and next year they are both going to catch Clinton at New York. But you shall be treated kind ly : my mother came from the old country." The prisoners were soon removed to York, Pennsylvania, and from there exchanged at the peace. The entire number surrendered, both officers aud men. was 7247, or 1500 more than were included in Burgoyne's capitula tion. Of the artillery corps there were 233; King's Guards, 527 ; Light-Infun try, 071; Seventeenth Foot, 245; Twenty-third, 233; Thirty-third, 200; Forty-third, 359 ; Seventy-first, 300; Seventy-sixth, 715; Eightieth, 089; Tarleton's British Legion, 241 ; Sim coe's Queen's Rangers, 320 ; Anspach and Bayreuthian regiments, 1077 ; Prince Hereditary, 484; Pe Bose, 349; Yagers, 73; North Carolina Volun teers, 142 ; pioneers and engineers, 07 ; and the remainder, staff departments. The casualties of the enemy during the siege were 150 killed and 326 wounded ; the American loss, 20 killed, 50 wounded; French loss, 52 killed, 134 wounded. Of the operations on the Gloucester side of York River during the siege it is hardly necessary to say more than that the enemy fortified themselves around the village, and were hemmed in by Brigadier-General Weedon with twelve hundred Virginia militia, in cluding about a hundred horsemen un der Lieutenant-Colonel Mercer (who was Ceneral Charles Lee's aide at Monmouth), together with the French Legion of cavalry under the Due de Lauzun. De Grasse also lent eight hundred marines, under De Choise, as a re-enforcement for that side. Noth- ing of importance occurred there after the 3d of October, when Tarleton at tempted to forage beyond his lines, and was driven back by Lauzun with some loss. As to the assistance rendered by De Grasse and his thirty-six ships of the line in this brilliant and decisive cam paign, its value can be measured only by the results achieved. Not only was Cornwallis effectually blockaded, but the British fleet under Admiral Graves, which attempted to break up the block ade, was defeated, and Clinton's expec tations and plans of relief disappointed, lie did finally sail down with troops in the hope of reaching Cornwallis through some loop-hole, but he arrived off the Capes only in time to hear of the sur render. Nor are the services of La Fayette and his handful of Continen tals to be forgotten in this connection, for he managed well, both in avoiding his much stronger antagonist in Vir ginia, and in subsequently making it difficult for Cornwallis to retreat into North Carolina, had he attempted such a movement, on learning of Wash ington's approach. Rarely have com plex combinations worked so harmoni ously and successfully as in this famous Yorktown campaign. Finally, in America the news of the surrender was everywhere received with the deepest joy. Lieutenant-Col onel Tilghman, Washington's aide, who had been with him since the bat tle of Long Island, rode with the of ficial dispatches for Congress as fast as horse could carry him, reaching Phila delphia soon after midnight of the 24th. He roused the President, Thomas Mc- Kean, and the great news was soon spread through the city by the "watch man. Congress met in the morning, and after hearing the dispatches read, proceeded in a body, at two o'clock in the afternoon, to the Lutbern church, where services were held by the Rev. Mr. Duffield, one of the chaplains of the body. Later they passed resolu tions of thanks to the army, and for the erection of a monument at York town in memory of the event. A grand illumination of the city in the evening ended the day's rejoicings, which were then continued throughout the country. The army ia the High lands, under Heath, devoted nearly a week to salutes and camp banquets, with Continental menu, and at Harvard and Yale there were orations and bon fires. The students of the latter college sang "a triumphal hymn,"and its pres ident, Dr. Stiles, was afterward moved to write to Washington in terms like these: "We rejoice that the Sover eign of the Universe hath hitherto sup ported you as the deliverer of your Country, the Defender of the Liberty and Rights of Humanity, and the Maecenas of Science and Literature. We share the public joy, and congratu late our Country on the glory of your arms, and that eminence to which you have ascended in the recent victory over the Earl of Cornwallis and his army in Virginia." Nor are we to for get that our generous ally Louis XVI. of France, upon hearing of the sur render, ordered a "Te Deum'' to be sung in the Metropolitan church in Paris on the 27th of November, while the Bureau de la Vilie issued an ordi nance directing "all the bourgeois and inhabitants" of the city to illuminate the fronts of their houses, "in order to celebrate with due respect a great vic tory gained in America, both by laud and sea, over the English, by the ar mies of the king combined with those commanded by General Washington." Even in Great Britain the disappoint ment was not universal. Bancroft tells us that "Fox—to whom, in read ing history, the defeats of armies of in vaders, from Xerxes's time downward, gave the greatest satisfaction—heard of the capitulation of Yorktown with wild delight." The king, of course, was still firm and uncompromising, and de clared that he shoflld never be "in the smallest degree an instrument" in mak ing peace at the of separation from America. To Lord North he wrote, November 28: "I have no doubt when men are a little recovered of the shock felt by the bad news, and feel that if we recede no one can tell to what a degree the consequence of this countrj- will be diminished, that they will then find the necessity of carrying on the war, though the mode of it may require alterations." Many good Englishmen believed as the king did, and the gentle poet Cowper was only avowing his loyalty to his sover eign and his nation when he inserted this passage in a letter to his friend the Rev. John Newton: "It appears to me that the king is bound, both by the duty he owes to himself and his people, to consider himself with respect to every inch of his territory as a trustee, deriving his interest in them from God, and invested with them by Divine au thority for the benefit of his subjects. As he may not sell them or waste them, so he may not resign them to an enemy, or transfer his right to govern them to any, not even to themselves, so long as it is possible for him to keep it II he does, he betrays at once his own iuterest and that of his other do minions. Viewing the thing in this light, if I sat on his Majesty's throne, I should be as obstinate as he." Opin ion in Parliament rapidly changed af ter the disaster, and in March, 1782, the Commons voted to authorize the king to make peace with America. On the 19th of April, 1783, eight years to a day after the war broke out, the good news that it was over was announced to the army by its beloved chief. [L.i Fayette (Ind.) Sunday Times.] Our City Drugists report an immense sale of St Jacobs Oil, saying the de mand is based upon the popularity of its success. Wherever it has been used, it has proved its value a thou sand fold, receives its best encomiums from those who have tried it. In all rheumatic diseases rely wholy on Peruna. More persons have been cured with Peruna than with all other remedies put together. A well known clergyman of Toledo, 0., says: I commenced to wear a Days Kidney Pad, after my Doctor told me I could not get well and within two months I had completely recovered. ADVERTISING KATES. One square, one insertion, 91 ; each subse quent insertion, SO cents. Yearly advertisement exceeding one-fourth of a column, $5 per inch Figure work double these tates: addition* charges where weekly or monthly changes are made. Local advertisements 10 cents per line for firet insertion, and 5 cents per line for each additional insertion. Marriages and deaths pub liahod free of charge. Obituary notices charged as advertisements, and payable when handed in An iinn»' Notices, £4 ; Executors' and Adminis ;rators' Notices. #3 each; Esiray, Caution aiie Dissolution Notices, not exceeding ten lines, each. From the fact that the CITIZK* is the old< 8» established and most extensively circulated Re publican newspaper in Butler county, (a Repub lican county) it must be apparent' to businesk mon that it is the medium they should use iii advertising their business. NO. 3G KIDNAPPED BY GYPSIES. The disappearance of little Charlie Snyder, the nine-year-old, black-eyed, Mack-haired boy, from the residence of his uncle, H. M. Laws, 314 Pearl St., Catnden, on July 4, which has already been published iu the newspapers, re ceived what is believed to lie an all-im portant clue in a rather startling reve lation yesterday. Heretofore it has been supposed that he was drowned, but the return to Camden of another lost boy who disappeared three days after Charlie Snyder puts an entirely new face on the affair and makes it al most a certainty that the lost boy is now, with two other lads, being car rried about the country by a band of gypsies. This boy who has returned tells a remarkable story. His name is Joseph M. Hay, aged thirteen years, and his parents live at No. 330 Bridge avenue. The boy is a bright, deep eyed, white-headed, honest-looking lad, of a very domestic temperament and fond of books. On Thursday, July 7, between 10 and 11 o'clock in the morn ing. he was seated on the front steps of his father's house, reading, when an Italian came along with a monkey and a hand-organ. Bov-like he threw down his book and started after this musical attraction, which he followed to the outskirts of the city. This was the last seen of him in Camden still Satur day last. The boy's story is that after he had left the organ-man and had reached on his return a point nearllad don avenue and Federal street, where houses are scarce and pedestrians few, a large gypsy wagon drawn by four black horses drove up the road. If there was one thing the boy was more afraid of than another it was gypsies, and he instantly started on a run in an other direction. Before he had gone far he says two of the men who had jumped out of the wagon overtook him and quick as a flash thrust a cloth over 1 his mouth, and thus gagged, carried him to the wagon anil threw him in and drove rapidly away. After they had got some distance out on the road they removed the gag and warned the boy that if he made any noise they would knock his brains out. Thus ad monished, the lad concluded the best thing to do was to keep he did so. THREE STOLEN CHILDREN. Now comes the strangest part of the story. In the wagon were four gypsy men and four gypsy women and two gypsy boys and two boys who were not gypsies. These latter boys he de scribes minutely. One had black eyes and black hair and both were about eight years old. They sat in the back of the wagon, looking over a picture book which the gypsies had given them. He says he knows they were not gypsy boys from the difference in the appear ance between them and the other two boys, who bad the unmistakably dirty gypsy look. The black eyed boy, he says, wore button gaiters, which with the other details, describes exact ly the appearance of little Charlie Snyder, who disappeared three days before. The way in which the boy escaped is described by him in a most natural and vivid manner. They traveled all the rest of the day and got through Mount Holly and were near Jobstown when night came on. The gypsies drove into a meadow, and dismounting pitched a tent as large as a good-sized room. Several of the men then went to a potato 6eld, while others lighted a fire with which they presently cooked some meat and boiled the potatoes which bad been stolen. The other boys seemed contented with their lot and capered about the tent until after supper, when the whole party lay down to sleep. After they bad all begun to snore the lad, who had lain down but bad never closed his eyes, got up steulthily and crawling over to a spot where he had seen one of the women drop n knite, with which she had been cutting meat, secured it and crept back to his place. Then turning and laboring quietly and looking around every moment to see that no one was watching he dug up three or four of the tent stakes, and by this means rais ed the edge of the canvas sufficiently for him to squeeze his body through, which act was not accomplished any too soon, for when he came to the last stake he broke his knife and rendered it useless for further work. LIItEKTY WELL EARNED. After gaining the open air he ran through the hay field to the road and looking about in the darkness saw a light, which he supposed to be at a farm-house. Going along the road un til he reached the light he came to the house of a Mr. Huston, who, upon hearing the story, went with bim to the gypsv camp and commanded the campers to go away. Returning to the house the farmer gave the boy sup per and lodging and upon questioning him next day learned that he had an uncle living at Monmouth Junction, a few miles distant. The boy was kept at the farm-house all next day, or until Saturday, when he was taken to his uncle's and informatiorf sent to his parents at Camden of his safety. Word was sent back that the boy should be kept until sent for and on Tuesday Mrs. Day went and brought him home. Since then he has been visited by rela tives of the Snyder boy and in a con versation which he had with Mr. Sny der described the appearance of one of the boys in the wagon in such a man ner that the father firmly believes him to be his missing son. A detective from Mount Holly visited the Day boy yesterday for the purpose of learning his story and of gaining a clu« to the movements of tbe gypsies, who were reported to be within twelve miles of Mount Holly. As evidence of the cor rectness of the boy's story the detec tive states that" his description of places and distances is quite correct aud that he has a clear idea of the cir cumstances of the kidnapping from be ginning to end. To-day the detective, with two or three others on horse back, will start out on a search, accom panied by the boy's father and brother. A gypsy"camp is said to be now about nine miles from Mount Holly, but it is feared these cannot belong to the same gang.— Phila. Times July 22.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers