StIIMJISII*TI©W BATES :
Per yoir, iu advance fl 50
Otharwiro. ■* "0
No aulwcription will be discontinued niitil all
»rc paid. l'oeaaia»>tKr» neglecting to
uotuv iir « tten siiUocrtben> do not take out tueir
papers will bo ueitf liable fur the subsoiipticn.
Subscribe! s removing fmui one postolbce to
another »U.>ui 1 u#» tiu IIJIUR of the former
u> well ».■> tae t <ri>x«ut otlica.
All com uuui'iatioira urreiided for publication
n this pa,»er must be accompanied by the real
oaiu < of t.ia writer, unt for publication but as
a gn*i aatje of go"d faith.
M trri »?« aii'i njtioes must be accompa
nied bv i res.'amsible name
A I lr.
THK BVTI SR CITIZfcS,
DCTL.ER. PA.
I, lki «tl Trnv«T«o Juror* drawn
lt»r »« SiM'cinl Term of Coiirl,
cum -iti'l Mmi
(t;)) ol Ilili <!)<}•
k EC>NI> WEES-i'HIUU MOSI> YV 18TH
Samuel Adams. Fairview township.
Willi mi Adaim. Washington.
Archibald Black, Donegal.
John Ht'lfu'.ir. Adam;.
Ch u'es Crannier. ('lay.
I > M Cross. Marion.
.lose;ill I'urry, Slipparyrock.
John Cannon, I'arte r.
At'ok Campbell, Sunmiry bor.
John Doerr. Ilutlertwp.
T It Doilds. Franklin.
Joseph Kwtng, Clinton.
\V !l En>mi:it;er. Sutler bor.
0 p Cr.ihain. Cranberry.
I! siir.int. Allegheny.
William Cilwon. I'etrol ia bor.
John llaniil.Sufuniit twp.
1 Mat Kits tar. S.ippcryrock.
Tttotna* Kennedy. Wirifleld.
Siniftii Reefer. tan-aster.
,la:nv. Ivelle.. o-<|. Snbury bor.
John M Louden, Ciav twp.
Alex LoWi-v. Bnlier l«or.
.1 W McNau riiton, Washington.
.! M \!a:u/., C 'U.iv.ille nor.
Thomas Morrow. C< ai'fi'.d.
.laiil '-i >nr.»l'otT »ii i lwir.
.lam h Malno l jr. Wad i lug'on twp.
William >leKi;».iiii. Clinton.
Ciaud Ming-l, Winfield.
11 C McCoy, Clierrv.
W A Purvinne ■. Forward.
David 1' itton, Concord.
William Iteovmn'wrry. Venango.
.laniLM 15 Storv Bu'fer or.
Da .-Id 1$ St«■»■«. A lams.
W H Slianor, Lan: isjer."
Philip Slio in. Ko-war' 1 .
Henry Sanderson. Clay.
.lolin Un 1" r • Wort.i.
Freeman Vandirvort, Cranberry.
C A Waguer, jUnerttown bor.
.1 W Young. A:; -.-.'hen. twp.;
F Zehuer. Jackson.
tllllil) WKKK -FOURTH MOVOAV, 25TH
Solomon Miter:. Franklin township.
- F M rtrawley. Parker.
Alex Brown, M>rccr.
,1 K Bard. Ccntrevi:l« bor.
James IVirresi. Adams twp.
Samuel Cross, >Vor,h.
.TamfsColgan, Al'< gl tny.
Iflae! Cranmer. Clay.
John Cypher. Win!l ; d.
James Crawfor I. Allegheny.
T'wm-is Chancer. M.ddiesex.
Join Carrot'ier* Clay.
John Cunmer'and, Co.icord.
Wc i-un Crutksn inks. Wintleld.
I". Do igliertl'e rolia bor.
C'iarl«s |i titri :k. M l 'l"sex twp.
John B D-ivis, esri. Cl i ton.'
Jolt'l u;d 1 es.-v.
Benjamin n.irv n. Cranberry.
A 1) Gillespie. W on twp.
John (Joehrin •. J i :Kso . west.
J W Glenn, Meri'er.
Ahso'oni 'lra.V, Comoq lenewin? north.
Ml-ti I'M Iligzhvi. Yen in,' ).
J M Iteoier. Petrolia bor.
Jame< rtiMoo. Clav.
King t.a.v- ':iee. M li lv > eek.
Tli mi u M • I I'll •'<, S!i > eryrosk.
J It : •<»:! vie;'an C, erry.
A H Mor'O. e<<|. liu.la'o.
Sim ie Meals, Veil i;ig >.
A M-'e •. l'a:-v'"\v v -sr.
M i:„'!l M« F i'ldeii. Doii ".' 1.
Ji n Vlb o ■!{. Co in >■[ enes.iing south,
J lilies \orns. Stii n't
II ;nry Pillow, esq, Butle bor.
Jo in Park». of »V i. i. (llesex.
I.e vi-> U:' -'ig. S-.im-nl'.
(i S ".'l l' -'V. "-rV"-
Abraha n Seekler, Jarkson west.
Ivhvar l Sefton, Clinton.
Alex vViiso.i, a leuaouy.
John Webb. Clay
DC Wrk'vn-V
Iii»l of I'j-'vorne .liirorM (Irawu
lor a S»> T<»n»i of Co><rl,
coiiiinoiicinir.lrtl VI on (Say
oi tliiv* Itfdi d-'iy.
liobt Aa lersau Al-jghaiiy twp.
J ic.ib Bv-iriy, Buffalo.
W K 11:.i 'n. M-iicer
Jo!in iV-c'ii. Fairviow.
Peter B-rahar(. Fnirviow.
V v ih B iweri, Adira- 1 .
George Cooper, MilJlejOX.
.To'ui (51»' k. vVisliiagton.
' Oharl"n Couoby. Penn.
•T iiiti' !1 Cnnuiiigtia n, Clin' on.
o.io W Cuupbell, Hutler bor.
G 'V Do I V. "o-jnogueafissiiig.
Ni-Jijlas O unbieb. Oraubftrry.
Jo in "W Eki*. SaX')!ibarg bar.
J<■ nos Free am. t'rj ibsrry township.
Paul Gottl o!», Jefferson twp.
Sam i;l Giliaghor, \( 11 lyoraek.
A W Grosaman, Bra ly.
Henn- QrcenawaM, Jackson.
Jae >b Gi a'-ain. Cieartield.
11 F lliiliir.l, VVasliiiiiitou.
J«v>b Hi'g vr. Slioo»r|rock.
David flenrr. Biff-.io.
Joseph Jt'ffirdon.
John I .ink j", WortU.
15 vxtsr L j .'an. Ptsuu.
Peter Miller, r.ancaster.
AUnio uidl-iSH. Pi'aiiMin.
' P*tnck JMB I n -e. Venan-;o.
-,/ Wil!>a:u i1.K.19, Fau rie.v.
\ Alex''Jims in. l. insister,
W T M< ohling. Butler b»r.
James K«y, • arm tomship.
-A '4 l.'eTiiold*, V uango.
llobt. St. Cltir. Centre.
J F Stino'orf, Washii'gtoD.
William Hlif-phanl. Mi l llesex.
FrunH Slator, D me ;*).
*" J.>!in -ttuiebftkev, Worth.
(Mi is Tinker. Clie.ry.
Joliu Vensil, Douega 1 .
' W F Wick. CI ay.
.. , . Chiiit Walter, JackKon.
, f J-C Eißxlor, Jacktiou.
HOT KIS
GRANDMILEVIRI) HOTEL.
Corner osth St. & Broadway,
NEW lORK.
Ou Both Americnn and F.nropean Plans.
Fronting en Central Park, the Grand Boulevard.
Broadway and Fifty-Ninth St., this Hotel occu
pius the entire square, and ;vas built and fur
nished at an ejepense of over Ston.uuo. It is one of
the in nt elegant as well as beliu; the finest lo
cated in the city ; has a passenger Elevator and
all inolecn improvements, and is within one
square of the depois of the Sixth anil Kighth
Avenue Elevated li. |{. ears and still nearer to the
Broadway ears—convenient and accessible from
all parts of the city, llooms with board,.S2 per
, day. Special rates for taimlles and permanent
guests. K. HASKELL, Proprietor.
" SBHBEIBER HOUSE.
L- NTCKLA.S, Prop'.,
MAIN STREET, DUTLER, PA.
Having ta.en pr>«eH f ion of the above well
EOWI Hotel, and it being furnished in the
best of ftvle fortho accomodation of guests, the
public ir.; respect'iilly invited to give me a call
1 have alno of the barn in roar of
bote), which furniehex excellent stabling, ac
coimxlatioim for mv patrons.
' L. NICKLAS.
ValuaUlc Real an«l IVrsonal
■ t I*r«|>crly lor By Or
ilcr «»l Conrl.
The niideri'inno.l, ltcceiver of the First Na
tlonal Pat:d of Cnthr. Pa . will otter at public
sal« at the Court House, in Butler, on Thnrs
f dny the 21 of April. IKS', at 1 o'clock, p. M. all of
■ the following discribed real and i oisonai proper
ty oT m lid 1J ink. to wit :
All that c Train piece or parcel of land situate
in the borongli of Butler. Butler county. Pa.,
bounded ou the north by Butler branch of the
Pennsylvania It lilroad eaet, by lands of Mrs.
Conrad Smith south ly tlio CounoquenesHing
and wept i>y the ei v lot. Containing four
acrc.s, " ore «'r less. Terms. Oao-half cash on
day of sale, and tho other hal' within six montlis
' thereafter, with interest, and such security as
skdl be natisfactory to the Ktceiver. and no
deed to I e made to the pnrchat-er until the con
sideration shall be f ill' pai 1
ALSO. F.ve thou-and dollars of Karns City
and Butler HailKvad Compaev mortgage,
bonds, bearing per cent, interest nuiiu
ally. payable ►enii-L-nnnaily iu gold. Thet-e bou's
fall (hie ou the 11 rst of Augn.it. 18si>. mid are by
w itiug d.det.'Sth of D>ceaib.:r '8"(5. guar&ii
teen Ly Cuarlos Duffy ai.l v. It. [I. Kiddle,
both as to principal and ii.terert, at their par
value when UUO, arid the inteiot seuii-aiuiu-
Said bonds so gutiau'eed, are four ■■jii.O'i
each, nu nbei-ol 20. 21 22 an 1 2M; an 1 two of
£SOO each numbernd 22 an ' 211. Mortgaga
ila-ed Jiuie and rcco'ded 11 July. 1376.
Term* ca»u to be paid on dav of silo
JOHN N i'UUVI vNCE.
Beceivtr of First Kation-.l Bank of i.utler. Pa
ygl E Srf* Hi* 0
TWP fiRFAT A"eomro«in<Jofl!iea«ti*«Fr»nr'|» , -"*f
• Em-alvptna. Sir«rnn:ia. Mau-Jnikt,
-•I l>.tn lelD»n, Ki ln«y-\V o rt. Bucha.
i S_ K W kjrs. h Vx tc., which acts i rompt?7 oa
Li*er. K..inev», I. Su>..,ac!i
« 1110 MST V itowess nl ll * « ti,M - These
> Iff ■■ | B>4 s"" ¥ orcaos are «> ln'imately connected
|\|Ullte I that wh u on.* i« i."-J. th«v all
* " Ji.N'ID become m-zre • r less aflTectcd II nee
|R| the gtfat value and inferiority of
KB II || KI th s cotupoand, which restores them
DBbyJ w m 9 all to henlthv action, and a tome,
• C x? W P the entire »y?tem. It i«
XV Xli 1-Yl. X al»" a utonvftlnaMe remedy for H ad
it A nti -Bilious * ch * • CMU«U.
Sk.u DiNMM. >cr fnlous a«.d Bv|>! i
,,k Hticaffr<?tiou».o!d ftores and ulcers. Pie i«aot t > take. Trial
*.* ~">cu. Larue bottle*.'KJct*.
ofcvfl h-1' e it. or will get it tor you. AUo j re- ar»-d in i-iinkr
" '" *
VOL. XVIII.
MRS. LYDIA E. PiHKHAM.
'
LYDIA F. PINKHAM'S
VEGSTAELI! COMPOUND.
The Positive Cnra
For all Female Complaints.
This preparation, as its name si gnifies, consists of
Tro.it. iioj t':at arc Lura:le.«i to the most del
icate invalid. Upon one trial tho merits of this Com
pound win bo tu relief id immediate ; and
ir hen its nse 13 continue;!, in ninety-nine caacj in a hnn.
clred, a pcrmrjicnt cure is efTectod.aa thousands wJU te*
tify. On account of it * proven merits, it is t x!ay re
commended and preserilx;d by tlie beat physicians in
the country.
It will cure entirely tho worst form of f illing
of the utcron, L?ucorrhotsa, Irrejpßlar and painful
Jlensiruation, nil Ovarian Troubles, l::f:ammation and
Ulecraticn, Floodincs, all risplaeerccnts and the con
sequent spinal wcakncs.i, c,t.d is especially adapted to
the Change of Life. It will end expel tumors
from the uterus in an early i.tagro of development. The
tendency to cancerous humors there ij eLecLed very
speedily by its use.
In fact it has proved to bo the rreat
est and best remedy that has ever been discover
ed. It permeates every i>ortion of the system, and gives
new life anil
stroys nil craving for stimulants, anl relieve; wealniest
of the stoma' li
It cruras Bloating, ITcridarhes, Nervous Prostration,
General Debility, tUceplccscecJ, Depression and Indi
gestion. That fecLnjj of bearing dor.n, causir j pain,
weight and backache, ie alv.-j3 pt rmancnt'.jr cured ly
Its use. It willatal! tines, and under rll circumstnn
ces, act in harmony with the larv that governs the
femalo system.
For Kidney Complaint* of either rer thii oomooand
15 unsurpassed.
Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound
Is prepared at 233 and 255 tVestcm Avenue, Lynn, Jia
Price C"-90. Six bottles for Sc :.t Ly mail I.x t-.e
form of pills, also in the fcr:e» of Lcacnjc3, cu recci; *
*1 price, SI.CD, per box, for either. IT n. pniHL*.?!
frec'yansircfß all lett 273 of lur-A y. Send for pan
phi ofc. Address aa cl ove Zlcn i 'an t'. :J
Ka familychould be v.-Khout LYDIA I!. I'l "lIITA-I'
and Torpidity c>f the I_lv«.r i.ta ner ho <
9£.0. A. KELLY L (0. Gfufial
kg* ts. Pittsburgh Pa.
Sold by L). H. Wuller, - Butler Pa.
m AcoMnihinatJon or j'ops, Luchj, fTc.n- S
2 mo." 1 1 .-tiiii,j cf a«l ether ii»ttcr3- I
S .r.r grrouco. t[< !oc-i T i:rffie**, L irer P
*£} j» y aud r.' v lii.ai.ii l«ealOiui n ' L 4
sl - : $
ft Sot.-:-!: ;"k -MP""!- :vi--- .v-t ■
1 'i 'ri Xi™ -3 irrcrulcrl ■
tTwfllcl. .W'iui-Uioiy crra:is tr who r - ■
g Aire..; . , V • ::.t B
9 u without u-.to*- H
3 icatir.g. g
S jijli . tv!:atyj.; Jcr rvTnrfo~is 9
5 tCIM 1 li'llvTLlU-i-llTr ■. 10 ' ' lj-.t l' }"OH M
I c .ly f .iL3lo.*i re:,! .ca *t |
I ps33w::i!jopa:d l'y r wri rot 9
9 . :oa: lurm t0 • tJ lICjJ U 9
8 Ilc:nca.ber. .lop n.Xcra ii djur-oi B
■ ii-'h'■ Vc-.\Vi~..i">.i:.c Fnrna 8
« f.irDrunieun"33,u»eof cplu:'i,i,>'.acco
H ii..re - :!. *. All aoi l li/ i iv li. Send A..
M for C'lri-ular. IIr; niUnn aip. AT
fILOfSIE?
S.uil a man. whose woflipftoise counten
ance anil br.iken-dovv.'i constitution phiin
ly showeil traces (if disease—a sufferer *.ntli
Nervous i)yspe;>sir. in whose stomach the
most il :licate morsel lay like lead. IJe
frcshiug sleep and ijuiet nerves were stran
gers to him, iuhl he despaired of ever being
weil. We advised hint to take
mm LIVER REGULATOR,
\vliirh lie did, and In a short time was not
only relieved lint cured.
K'eader, if yon are suffering with Dyspep
sia or Liver Disease ill any form, do not
wait until the disease hits taken a fast hold
upon you, but use Ihe Uegula or when ihe
symptoms first shou themselves. SIM
MONS 1.1 VEH K !•:<; t I,ATOU is not an al
cohol!." stimulant, but a I'ITKKLY VEGk.-
TABI.K KE.MEDY hat will cure when
everything else ftilc. It is a faultless fam
ily medicine. Does not dis trrange t lie
system. Is no vio'.ert drastic purge, but
nature's own remedy, l'lie friend of eve
ryone, and will not disappoint you. A
single trial will convince you that it is the
cheapest, purest and best Family .Medicine
in the world.
ASK the recovered dyspeptics, billions
siilferer., victims of fever and ague, the
mercurial diseased pal lent how tlieey re
covered tlv ir health, cheerful spirits and
good appeilte—they will tell you by taking
Simmons l.iver Regulator.
ASK YOUR DRUGGIST FOR
liver Regulator!
Original and genuine prepared only by
>. IS. ZCII.I.V A (0., Philn.
Apr 28-ly _
ypAos/7?vliYcuwts.insert with little linger
ALATARPH,COLCS f.nja parliele of the ijahn
f tfAY-pt. c/Ti ... rifjt/ilji into ih-- nostrils : draw
y the lose. It will V.r
Jut ALS V JSapi/si 'bsorbed. cleansing.
/NA"£ l and healing the dis
j.V-" Hie ear.
FLY'S CR:-AM BALM
SIAViXO gained an enviable reputution, displac
ing all other preparations m the vicinity of discov
ery, is, on its merits alone, recognized as a wou
derf'.il remedy wherever known. A fair trial will
convince the most skeptical of its curative pow
ers. It effectually cle: uses the nasal passages of
Catarrhal virus, causing healthy secretions, al
lays uillamination and irritation, protects the
niembranal iiniugs of tl'.c bead from additional
colds, completely heals the sores and restores tlie
sense of taste ;;nd smell, l'.cuefe ial results are
realized by a few applications. A thorough treat
ment as directed will cure Catarrh. As a house
hold remedy for ( old in the head is r.nequalcd.
The IViim i i easv to us,- and agreeable. Sold by
druggists at "o cents On icceii I of ro cents will
m til a package. Send for circular with full infor
mation. „ _
ELY'S CREAM RAI.M CO.. Owego. N. Y.
For sale in Hitler by I). 11. Wuller..l. C. Kedick,
Ziinincrnia.il & \\ tiller. Coulter & Linn.
Union Woolen Mill,
DU I'LBH, I'A.
If. FfTM.KItTOX, I'rop'r.
Vlauulaetuier nl HI.ANKETS, FI ANNELS, YAUNS,
<fee. Al.-o custom work done to order. Bitch as
curding Koil«, in ikin/ Blankets, Flannels Knit
ting nn.' Wenvlna Yarns, &e., it very low
prices. VVc.ot workct .»n tl-.e pliareP, it de
«jrp(). «nv7-1
Rheumatic Cure,
RHEUMATIC COMPOUND
j has cured rheumatism after tlie treatment of
i fourteen doctors hail failed and after he li»d
Used crutches for sixteen vniirH.
It was discovered by K Donuell. in the treat
ment of himself Hold t y
I>. 11. H-OIJ.EK.
novWiftm BDrLER, V\.
for the Oixiafiit*
STU.'» ) J'OlA J.
lif hnn:/ Wayne'* Masterstroke —.4
Gallant Feat of Arm* One tlun
j dr. d Years Ago—How a Brit
ish Stronyhold was Taken
by a Brillia'-t Assault—
The Story of un Event
that Glorified Penn
sylvania's Hero.
Thirty years ago, while I was making
:i pencil fketeb of the small monument
that commemorates the cruel nii<lnight
massacre of troops under Geaer it l
Wayne (near the old Paoli tavern on
the broad Lancaster Pike.) in 1777, a
white-haired l«ut vigorous man, sun
burned and brawny, came from a
neighboring field to gratify curiosity
w liich had been excited by tho presence
of a stranger.
M" legs did good service on that
teriiUe night,' said the septuagenarian
after I hi«d read aloud the sad inscrip
tion on the stone.
'Were you with Wayne at this en
campment V I asked.
'lndeed l was, and at many others,'
he replied. 'Lord! how we scam
pen d when thoso savage red-coats and
more savage Hessians fell upon us in
the dark without v arp.ing. Poor fel
lows! Many of our men were mur
dered as you see. Yes, murdered, for
ihev were bayoneted while begging
for mercy.'
'You were with Wayne afterward V
I said inquiringly.
'Yes sir,' he answered, with empha
sis. 'Didn't I feelgood, though, wh-n
I heard the British r.nd Toiies begging
lor mercy from Wayne at Stony Point,
and it o as granted.'
•it was not Wayne's old regiment
that attacked that post,' I replied. 'lt
was a portion of the light infantry of
the army.'
'Of course it was,' he answered.
When i heard Wayne w;:s made com
mandt r of that corps I got permission
to join it, for the i>oid, dashing soldier
was my distant kinsman, and a good
fellow "anyhow. I was oue of I>e
1« ieu;y's hundred or more volunteers
who first entered the fort ou that hot
July night.'
\\ e sat down on a grassy hillock,
when the white-haired mac, with ani
mation gave me a minute account of
the c.rcuni.-tHUces of the attack upon
and capture of Stony Point belore the
dawn ol .luly .0, When I vom
ited the spot a few weeks afterward,
ins narrative v os vividly presented by
memory, for I found the topography,
the cflicial records and the K cul tradi
tions in general agreement with him.
THE KINO'S FEHKY.
Stony Point is a conspicuous feature
iu the pic.uresque scenery ol the llud
rou rivt-r fear ihe Highlands, and ii
ihickly clustered with historic associa
tions." It is a bold, rocky peninsulai
promontory, dotted with evergreens
and spar.-ely clad with vendure even
in mid summer. It highest- point is
about one hundred and titty feet above
tidewaur. 11 juts out from the west
ern shore of the river at the upper en
trance to Ilaver.-Iraw Bay, and is con
necied with the mainland by a low
causeway across a inaish, which, cov
ered with water at high tide, makes
the peniisula an island. Near itt
summit, upon u:.d among the mounds
—the remains of ancient redoubts and
breast works—Man Is a substantial
stone ligbthou.»•, the keepers lodge
ujd a fog-tell tjwer. The whole re
gion art und it m class. c ground, hal
lowed by deeds valor and patriot
ism
Opp< site Sto i v Point, and jutting
out tnwaid it fi m the eastern shore o'
the Hudson, is . fertile peninsula call
ed Verplanck's Poin*. Each jut-land
had been fortif. I by the Americans
chiefly tor the p" t« etion of 'The Kings
Ferry' from p nt to point, which
formed a convi :.'ent and most import
ant open passage across the Hudson be
tween Now Ei irh'tid and the Middle
States. The«o r a tified headlands also
presented serii-u i bstacles to the pas
sage of hostile iilii'is up the river—a
most important function—for the Brit
ish Ministry r. vi r wholly dispelled
the drepni of the earlier period of the
war, for weakening the aggregate power
of the struggling colonies by separat
ing New England from the rest, of the
Union by a s- lies of military posts
stretching from the St. Lawrence to
the sea, along t!.e line of Lake Cham
plain and the Hudson river. The cap
ture of Burgoy ,e's army and the fail
ure of Sir Hi ~:y Clinton to effect
much by sending a maurauding expe
dition up the Ludson in the autumn
of 1777, did u< 1 absolutely discourage
the Ministry, I ut modified their dream.
They afterward confined their efforts
to plans lor soi tiring to themselves the
free communici.tion between New Eng
land and the oilier Mates by way of
'The King's F« ry' and the passes of
the Hudson Highlands. Such was
the object of an expedition led by Sir
tlenrv CliutoL '<l j crson at the close of
May, 1779
With a lar. i.md force under Gen.
Naughan, born, by a flotilla command
ed by Admiral liier, Sir Henry sail
ed from New \ :k to attempt the seiz
ure of Stony a <1 Yc planks Points,
and was suece- oi, for only forty men
garrisoned the !'i rmer and seventy the
latter. The ir ding troops landed be
low the 'wofor s and marched upon
them. The u.n ison at Stony Point
Hod to the lli lands, and the troops
at VerplanckV, niter a very slight re
sistance, wore iu vile prisoners of war.
This was a f. ious di.-aster to the
Americans. Tim passage at 'The
King's Ferry' wis closed to them aud
the Highland passes aud defenses
were menaced with danger, Perceiving
this. Washii took immediate
measures for I l oir protection and for
recovery of th. lost posts. His army,
which had wit tered at Middlebrook,
in Now Jeasey, was moved early in
Juueto'Tho Oiove.' a fertile valley
far in the rear < f Haverstraw, aud late
in the month I.e made his headquar
ters at New W idsor, on the Hudson,
a few miles above the Highlands,
where he perfected plans for i»u active
campaign against the invaders.
Anticipating an attempt to recapture
the forts Sir Henry placed a strong
1 tjurrisVu io each and tfaew to
BIJTLER, PA.. WEDNESDAY. APRIL 13.1881
be strengthened; then he returned I
New York with ships and soldiers and
sent them on a marauding expedition to
the coast of Connecticut.
THE LI.JHT INr 1 NT IV.
Washington had a corps of light iir
faniry, composed of picked men, draft
ed from the various regiments <>f the
Continental army, and organised at
that time into four regiments under
the command, respectively, of Colo
nels Bu'ler, Meigs, Putnam and Febi
ger. Butler was one cf a gallant band
of four brothers who fought the good
fight for American independence from
the beginning. He had been Wavne's
chief support in his hard conflict on
the field at Monmouth a year before.
He was twenty-five years of age, but
was already distinguished for military
i geuins, coolness and valor. Meigs
; was a brave so'dier, forty years old.
| who had won the thanks of Congress
! and the gift of a sword for gallantry
i two years before. Putnam was a
cousin of 'Old Put'—as the solJiers
called him—was a skillful engineer, a
soldier of the French and Indian war,
and constructor of Fort Putnam near
West Point. He was forty-one years
and full of zeal for the American c.-.use.
Febiger was a young Danish soldier
thirty-two years of aare, who had
fought for the freedom of the colonies
ever since he was engaged in the fiery
scenes on Bunker's Hill. The corps
commanded by these good soldiers
were considered the elite, of the army
and Washington chose them for the
execution of his design agaiust Stony
and Yerplanek's points. To the bold
and faithful young soldiers, General
Anthony Wayne, then thirty-five
years of age, Washington gave the
command of this corps on the Ist of
July, 1779. This officer was a grati
fied recipient of the honor and was
proud of tho confidence of the com
mander-in-chief Wayne was scrupu
lously neat in his personal appearence ;
had exquisite taste in dress, and was
always disturbed by any violation of
good judgment in costume or manners,
lie was particularly disturbed by the
appearance of his corps when he took
command of them. Through the neg
lect or poverty of the commissary de
partment they were scantily clothed in
varied soiled or ragged uniforms or no
uniforms; insufficiently fed, and lax in
manners and discipline. He immedi
ately pleaded for reformation, and
»:-ked particularly for a supply of new
uniforms for the whole corps—believ
ing in the moral influence of dress.
I must acknowledge,' he wrote to
Washington, 'that I have a prejudice
in favor oi an elegant uniform and sol
dierly appearance, so much so, that 1
would much rather ri>k my life and
reputation at the head of the same
men, clothed and appointed as I could
wish, with a single charge of ammuni
liou, than to take them as they appear
in common with sixty rouuds of car
tridges. It may be a false idea, but I
can't help cherishing it.'
Washington agreed with Way ne,
!">ut they were compelled to bend to
circumstances. The army was pover
ty smitten. Only a week before they
weie to enter upon a great undertak
ing (to be mentioned presently ;) when
they had been twelve days in camp in
the rocky region of the Donderberg,
the corp? had received only two days'
rations of fresh provisions and three of
rum. Not a particle of forage had
Deen furnished for the horses, except
ing the scanty tufts of grass that shot
up among the stones; aad the store of
the commissary of clothing was empty.
So Wayne was compelled to lead his
corps, in their piebald and worn-out
uniforms, to the performance of extraor
dinary deeds of bravery. These deeds
were performed under cover of night,
when the meanest and most gorgeous
uniforms were the same to the human
eye.
RECONNOITRING.
From his quiet nook at New Wind
sor, Washington instructed Wayne to
prepare for a bold dash on the works
at Stony Point. The impetuous young
General" was impatient to undertake
the enterprise. On the dav after he
took command of his corps he recon
uoitered that post, accompanied by
Colouel Butler and Major Stewart, of
the Pennsylvania line. The latter
was Wayne's brother-in-law. He was
a brave young Irishman, and was re
•rarded as the handsomest man in the
Continental army. Wayne's ardor and
confidence were somewhat diminished
bv bis observations, aud he reported to
Washington that the British works on
the western side of the Point (which
only they had seen) were too formida
ble to storm with any hopeof successand
to make regular approaches was not
feasible.
He suggested that a surprise mia-ht
be effected, aud at hi» solicitation
Washington rode down from New
Windsor to Wayne's camp between
Fort Montgomery and the
and carefully reconnoitered the works
on the 6th of July. Tories abounded
in the neighborhood, and reports of
every movement seen of the Americans
were quickly conveyed to the fort.
The garrison was continually on the
alert against a surprise. Deserters, too,
gave information concerning *he move
ments and conjectured desigus of the
troops at their encampment among the
mountains. On the day after the re
connoissance by Washington, a letter
written to a New York newspaper, at
Stony Poiut, said: "Yesterday, Mr.
Washington, with several other rebel
officers, were reconnoitering our post,
attended with about live hundred men
thirteen of which number chose to
■ come to us in the course of the day, by
' whom we learn that the report among
them is that au attack 011 the post is in
tended. I have 110 doubt it will prove
a very serious affair to them."
The troo|M at Stony Point had rea
son to think so, for they were strongly
intrenched in a seemingly impregnable
position. The works embraced a series
of redoubts 011 the summit of the rocky
peninsula. An abattis—a line of f. lied
trees, their tops outward—bad been
laid across the Point from north to
south, and this was defended by four
compauies of regular infantry, oue af
loynl Americans and a detachment of
th£ Royal Artillery. A second row of
abaxtfa ww furuwd acrob'a tUe peaiuau-
la where it slopes toward the causeway
on its western side, and was defended
by three redoubts, armed with brass
12 pounders and manned by two com
panies of infantry and two of grena
diers. At five dLfereut points pickets
were stationed, and the batteries com
manded every approach. They might
enfilade any advancing column. Tue
whole force was under the command of
a trusted soldier, Lieutenant Colouel
H. Johnson. Thus prepared there is
no wonder the garrison believed that
an iittack would be "a serious n3'iir" for
the assailants.
WAYNE'S INSTRUCTIONS.
After his reconnoii-.-ance, Washing
ton prepared to surprise the fort, and
from New Windsor, on the 12th of Ju
ly, he sent minute instructions to
Wayne, which were in the form of sug
gestions, rather than in the form of a
positive order; and he gave the Gener
al the privilege of changing any part of
the plan to meet the demands of cir
cumstances. lie suggested that the
i execution of the enterprise should occur
i at midnight, with the greatest secresy,
secured by the arrest of every person
found abroad or who might betray it.
lie recommended the attempt at sur
prise to be made by only a few compe
tent and faithful men—'between one
and two hundred'—with tried officers
preceded by a vanguard of prudent and
determined men toremovc ob-tructions.
to secure sentinels and to drive in guards
He also suggested the wearing o; a
white feather, or cockade, or other con
spicuous object, that might designate
friends from foes in the darkness; that
the surprise party should be supported
by the main body foil wing closely ;
that the advance party should move
with fixed bayonets and unloaded mus
kets; that the attack should be made
at three points, and that a watchword
should be agreed upou for the same
purpose as the of distinction.
Other details were given, and Wayne
acted in accordance with almost every
suggestion. Wayne determined to
surprise the garrison at Stony Point on
the night of July 15. The day was
sultry. At noon he moved from hi 3
encampment, about fourteen miles from
the fort, with three of his four regi
ments, commanded respectively by
Colonels Butler, Meigs and Febiger.
Washington had ordered down from
West Point about three hundred light
iu fan try under Major (afterward Gen
eral) Hull to increase the attacking
force; also, two c inipames of North
Carolina light troops and a small party
of artillerists to man the guns of the
fort when they should be captured and
turned upou Verplanck's Point. The
march was over lofty, rugged hills,
through tangled swamps and difficult
mountain defiles. Nearly the whoie
distauce the troops were compelled to
march in siugle file They passed the
south side of tho Donderberg while a
heavy thuuder shower was raginir on
its summit and beyond, and sending
down sudden torrents through the ra
vines. On this march the most perfect
silence had been observed, ■ nd every
precaution had been taken to prevent
desertion. Every dog found 011 their
way when they app; cached the vicinity
of the river was killed to prevent
alarms by their barking. At 8 o'clock
iu the evening, when daylight was fad
ing, the whole party rendezvoused
about a mile and a half below Stony
Point.
POMPEY AND THE COUNTERSIGN.
Among the Tory inhabitants and
weak-kneed time-servants in the vicin
ity of the Point, lived Mr. Lamb, a
warm and faiihlul Whig. He was dis
liked by his Tory neighbors because he
had often circumvented the designs
against the patriots. He owned a
shrewd negro slave named Pompey.
Soon after the British took possession
of Stony Point, Pompey went timidly
to the fort to sell strawberries to the
officers. He was kindly received.
When berries and cherries became
plentiful the negro carried on quite an
extensive trade with the garrison. He
became a favorite with the officers who
did not. suspect that be was reporting
everything he saw and heard in the
fort to a Whig master. At length the
hoeing corn season coming on, Pompey
was kept at work in the fields during
the day, and his commercial relations
at the fort were likely to eud suddenly.
He could only go there in the evening.
The officers, unwilling to miss their
supply of their delicious luxuries, gave
Pompey the countersign regularly that
he might pass the sentinels after dark
with his supply of fruit. Iu this way
he had become possessed of the coun
tersign for the uight of the 15th.
Wayne, aware of these facts, and fully
trusting the knowledge and fidelity of
the negro, employed him as a guide
and chose the countersign of the garri
son for the night—'The fort's our own'
—as the watchword of the assailing
troops.
In the gloom of that sultry evening
W..yne disposed his lorces for the at
tack. They were formed in two col
umns. At the head of the right, and
twenty paces from it, one hundred and
fifty picked men, led by Lieutenant
Colonel De Floury, wore posted, and
just in advance of these were a 'forlorn
hope'of twenty men to 'remove obstru -
tious and secure sentinels,' commanded
by Lieutenant Knox, of the Ninth
Pennsylvania Regiment. At the head
of the loft, in like manner, were posted
an advanced guard of one hundred
picked men, under Major Stewart, and
a forlorn hope of twenty men, led by
Lieutenant Giddons, of the Sixth Penn
sylvania Regiment. Meanwhile Gen
eral Wayne and his field officers had
made final rccounoissancc of the fort,
and when he returned he entered a
house (Springstecl's) near by, which
he had made his temporary headquar
ters, gathered up his papers, wrote a
letter to his brother-in-law, Sharp Du
lanv, of Philadelphia, and, puttiug all
iu a sealed package, forwarded them by
a trusty messenger to his friend Gener
al Irvine, with a request that in casa
of his death it might be forwarded to
his kinsman. Wayne was impressed
with the belief that he should not »ur*
j vive the approaching conflict; bit he
lived almost seventeen ye-irs afterward
[ and did jjood service for h ; s couutry
; and the letter aud papers were never
i efeur.
W hen General Wayne had sup>. |
he put the two columns in motion. V |
a black walnut tree (which was stand
ing huge and vigorous a few years ago)
Pompey took charge of the forces, chief
pilot. At half-past eleven o'clock th
silent march began. Gathering oud
obscureM the sky and deeper shales o
night favored the bold enterprise.
Wayne was p.t the head of the right
column, and all moved on as stealthily
as a leopard preparing to spring upon
its prey. Major Hull with bis three
hundred Massachusetts light troops,
was with that column. Pompey and
two stout men proceeded Knox and his
forloru hope a few paces. The negro
approached the first sentinel on the
high ground westward of the morass,
gave the countersign and was recogniz
ed as the fruit peddler. While Pom
pey was talking with this guardian of
the fort his two stout companions
sprang from the gloom and seized and
gajrged the soldier. The silence of the
swntinel near the causeway was secur
ed in the same way, and up to past
midnight the garrison was sluml»ering,
without a suspicion of danger nigh.
THE SURPRISE.
So soon as the tide had ebbed as was
supposed sufficiently to allow a passage
by the causeway and along the beach,
the two columns which had marched
side by side in platoons separated, the
right diverging southward for the pur
pose of crossing the morass and strik
ing the beach which extended along
the southern and south-western shore.-
of the peninsula. At the same time
the left column moved toward the cause
way, which Colonel - Butler's regiment
instantly passed in water two feet deep,
and at the foot of the slope diverged to
the left and secured a picket guard. At
the same time the column with Wayne
at its head passed the marsh ou the
southern side in the wa'er knee deep
(for the tide was not down) and reach
ed the beach Before doing so they
were discovered and tired upon by a
picket guard. This aroused the garri
son and they r flew to arms. The as
sailing column was uow directly under
the fort. It closed iu solid order and
pressed up the steep hillside in the face
of a (.empest from mu-kets and artille
ry—the missiles from the latter doin;*
very little harm, for they passed over
the heads of the assailing force. At
the same time Major Murfree, of the
left eolumu, had made a feint against
the fort on the north-west side with
bis North Carolinians, but this did not
weaken the resistance to an advance of
tte riaht column, which was gallantly
struggling with the halt removed abat
tis part way up the hill to gain the sal
ly-port of the fort. Every ledge of
rocks above the ascending column were
surrounded with British infantry who,
with taunts and imprecations, poured
down an incessant storm of bullets.
But not a patriot faltered. S eadily,
and as silently as on the night march
from the walnut tree, the brave sold ers
followed Wayne, who, with spear in
hand, directed every movement, as inch
by inch they approached the breast
works and pushed back the foe. Not
a guu was fired by tho patriots. They
turned the abattis, pushed on toward
the breastworks, cut and tore away the
palisades and cleared the cheva -x-de
frise at the sally-port.
Within the inner abattis a flying bul
let had struck Wayne a glancing blow
011 the head and stunned him. He fell
upon his knees. His two aides (Fish
oorne and Archer) partially raised him
to his feet. In a moment he recovered
full consciousness and requested his
aides to carry him within the works
where, in case his wound should prove
mortal, he desired to die. But the hurt
was not severe. The troops dashed
forward with fixed bayonets—the main
column following tho advance closely.
The charge was led by Lieutenant Col
onel De Floury, followed by Fcbig-r's
regiment. The ramparts were carried;
De Fleury seized the colors of the fort
with his own hands, and his assailing
eolumu entered the works in triumph,
shouting the significant watchword
"The fort's our own!" De Fleury,
Lieutenant Knox, Sergeant Baker, of
the Virginia liue (bleeding from four
wounds), Sergeant Spencer, of the
same line (with two wounds) aud Ser
geant Dunlop, of the Pennsylvania line
(also twice wounded), were the first
five to enter the works and win the
reward offered by Wayne. In his or
der of battle, the General had eugaged
to reward the five men who should fir>t
enter the works with promoti m, honor
able mention, and with SSOO, S4OO,
$:j00, S2OO and £IOO respectively.
"TUE FORT'S OUR OWN.''
Almost at the moment when De
Floury entered the fort Lieutenant
Gibbon with the assailing party of the
left, closely followed by Major Stewart,
burst in ou the opposite side. The ter
rified garrison, perceiving resistance to
l»e useless, surrendered immediately,
the men, especially the "'loyal Ameri
cans," falling on their knees and cry
ing out piteously. 'Mercy, mercy, dear
Americans !' To the honor of the con
querors, it is asserted that not a man of
the garrison was injured after they
ceased to resist and begged for quarter
Major Hull, aud Wayne's aides carried
the bleeding General into the fort,
where he heartily joined in the shouts
of triumphs by the victors, and soon af
terward with vigorous hand wrote the
following dispatch to Washington :
STONEY POINT, July IR, 1779,
2o'clock a. m.
DEAR GENERAL: —The fort and gar
rison, with Colonel Johnson, are ours.
Our officers and men behaved like
men who are determined to be free.
Yours, most sincerely,
ANT'Y WAYNE
GEN'L WASHINGTON.
The victory was complete. The
British ships lying on the Hudson,
near Stonv Point hastily slipped their
cables and fled down the river ; and at
dawn the next morning the guns of
the fort, manned by the handful of ar
tilleeymen who accompanied Wayne,
were turned upon Fort Fayette, on
Verplanck's Poiut opposite, command
ed by- Lieutenant Colonel Webster. A
cannonade was kept up lazily during
the dny. Gen. Robert How had been
ordered to attack that fort simulatane
ouslv with the assault on Stony Point,
1 but ilroufc'b a mitrtxmtvptiou. tiw movu-
| nent was delayed and the fort was
I saved to the British by timely reinforee
| neiii- t > the trnrrison sent up the river
v Sir Henrv Clinton. In winning
this Villiant victory Wayne lost fifteen
lulled eighty three wound d. The
British hdj sixty slain aud Lieutenant
Colonel JtVngton and five hundred and
forty-three and men were made
prisoners of wu» t
Washington pNceived the danger of
an attempt to hold t h e fort at Stotiv
Point with so few im- n a * C ould then
be spared front the order
ed tho ordinance and storeHo )K> remov
ed to 4 \\ est Point, toe tuili\\ry works
to be destroyed and the place t
by the Americans. This was
{>l i.-iied on the uights of the 17th \ u j
1 Sth. or twenty-tour hours after ft*,
capture. • A large portion of the ordi
nance was placed upon a gallery to be
conveyed to West Point. While off
the eastern side of the Donderberg a
shot from the British sloop of war
Vulture which had ventured near Ver
pla nek's poin, struck the gallery between
wind and water, opened a sluiceway,
and she went lo the bottom of the
Hudson with her freightofbeavyguns.
I'he property captured by the Ameri
cans at Sumy Point was valued at
more than SIBO,OOO. On the 20th the
British tvuossessed themselves of
Stony Point, but there was little of
value left, except the eligible site for a
fortification.
HOW TilE NEWS WAS BRCEI\ ED.
The news of this exploit thrilled
every nerve of tne Union with delight,
and unstiuied praises of Wayne and
Irs troops were upon every lip. On the
receipt on the General's dispatches,the
same day Washington issued from New
Windsor a general order, in which he
congratulated the army on the success
of the gallant moveatStouv Point,and
requests the victorious commander aud
his whole corps t > acvpt his warmest
thanks. Four days afterward the
President of Penn'a Coucil awarded
similar tokens oi'approbatiou to Wayne
and his men. "You have played their
[•no British] own game," he wrote,
•and have eclipsed the glory of the
British bayonet of which we have
heard so much." Ten days after the
victory the Continentei Congress voted
thank-: to the brave actors, aud ordered
medals to he struck in commemoration
of the event—one of gold to be present
ed to General Wayne aud a silver one
to be given to Lieutenant Colonel
L)e Floury and Major Stewurt. At the
same time promotions l>v brevet were
ordered for some subalterns, and a vote j
approving General Wayne's offer of re
wards was passed.
De Fleury, a decendant of a noble
man, who was at one time a Cardiual
and Prime .Minister of France, returned
to his native country before the medal
designed for him was struck. It was
made, however, but all record of it was
lost. Late iu April, 1850, a boy, while
digging in a garden at Princeton N. J.,
found the medal. Congress sat at
Princeton in the summer of 1783. The
medal was probably lost there by the
Secretary of Congress, Charles Thomp
son, in whose custody it properly be
longed.
BENSON J. LOSSING.
A RRITISH VIEW. THE COUP-DE-MAIN
AT STONY POINT AS IT APPEARED
TO THE ENEMY IN NEW YORK.
llow the capture of Stony Point was
regarded by the enemy may be learned
from the following letter from Major
General James I'attersou, of the Brit
ish army, to Viscount Townsend :
NEW YORK, July 26, 1779.
MY LOUD: * * * * I am ex
ceedingly sorrv to inform your Lord
ship of the very extraordinary and sud
den Bevolution which has since hap
pened at Stony Point—a post consider
ed to be safe a/aiust any coup-demain.
and capable of resisting almost any
open attack that could be made against
it, but the enemy notwithstanding
made a very bold and daring attempt
on the 15th inst., about 12 o'clock at
night, and carried it bv storm in less
than twenty minutes The particulars
of this singular and unfortunate event,
which has filled every mouth with as
tonishment, are very little known. The
wounded officers who are br< ught down
to New York differ in their relation of
•hat night's transactions that it is dif
ficulty to form a real judgment of
them.
The military character of Lieut. Col.
fohnston, of the 17th Ilegt, who com
manded there, has been so well estab
lished as not to admit easily of a belief
that he suffered his garrison to be sur
prised, yet it is too certain that two if
not three columsof the enemy penetrat
ted different abattis at the same time,
were almost instantly in posession of
the advanced Works, and in a very f>-vv
minutes masters of the body of the
place. What the number of the assail
ants were is not positively known
They gave out themselves that it did
not exceed six hundred If that be
true, their enterprise must havo been a
very rash one, as the defendants were
nearly as many.
The 'attack was commanded by a
Brisr. Gen'l., Wayne, and it must in
justice be a'lowed to his credit, as well
as all acting uuder his orders, that no
instance of inhumanity was shown to
anv of the unhappy captives. No one
was unnecessarily put to the sword or
wantonly wounded. Oorl >ss in killed
is not yet ascertained, but it is thought
to be trifling, and the number of wound
ed amounts to one captain, four subal
terns and about eight-and-thirty men,
of whom is one Corporal of the
Artillery.
The rebels assert that they had
onlv four men killed. Our loss in pris
oners is a very serious one, almost the
whole of the 17th Heart., two companies
ef the 71st (Grenadiers), about sixty of
the Loyal American Corps, and I am
particularly grieved to say one captain,
one subaltern, four non commissioned
officers, 3!) privates and one drummer
of the Artillery. Captain Traille very
fortunately escaped being in the num
ber of prisoners ; he had represented to
me his being indisposed, upon which
Captain Tiffin was sent to relieve, who
arrived there only the morning before
the fatal stroke. T aille embarked for
New York the «ara» evening.
i Hugh, 1 kia beat you juiapiur |
4UI i:i{ I l Hi 'tt. KAIUM,
One sinaro. oue luernion, $1 ; esob aul r#
nent m*ertiuu, 50 oentH. Yeiriy itdvuti«oiu« nt
xcreduig oiie-fourtb of a column, #S pel n ch
iicute W.T* doul.le t!ie*e rate*; addi'ii n»
whcie .'Lf-i.iy .»r iia'iiiiiiv channel* &ri
x-du. I .oca i adv. 10 ctm& per 1; ii •
(or u»>t !ijr<-rt and 5 ccnlH prr hne It r each
■ ldltiv;:; •. 1 il.: t l U;»n, >1 ilt f h and dt*al 1b | I;t>—
lito ot charge. ÜbUUiij nol-.ie* charged
« «.ivc-;-tiyen:i'i.:b, *i:<! j.iiv-.l lt when handed in
Notice*. i 4 : Kxecuun.' ajid Admini*
ratuie \oticic. £3 c.ivl.; lintrav, Caution aut
»>wo!ution Notice*, not exceeding ten line*,
ach.
From the /act that the CiTizrs is the oldes*
lulled and uioft extensively circulated ]te
•.i.ucaii newspaper in i'utler County, (a ltepub
can conntyj it iuu>-t !-e apparent" tu in-.tineta
:i. n that it ii« t!ie medium they tuiculd uee iu
their builiw.
NO. 21
A MONSTER ENGINE.
PHILADELPHIA PA., March 27 —The
now mo.ister passenger engine, No. 10,
which is to make u revolution i • r» ■-
ro.nl travel, was rtin into tho ruu:id
house in West Philadelphia as 7 o'clock
last night She is 02 fe.-t long, weighs
97,000 pounds, and is equipped with
Itfinch cylinders and four(j£feet driv
ing- wheels. Toe engine did bir first
work on the road yesterday, bringing
the Pacific Express from Altoona to
Harrisburg. At the litter point the
eng/ne was transferred to the St Louis
day express, that train being faster
than tho Pacific. The run from Har
rishurg to this city, 110 miles, was
made ia two hours and fifty-two min
utes, the train arriving on time sharp.
The engine worked beautifully, and the
( >»wd of engineers who came down on
l )et where greatly pleased with her
speed a;u i the new steam-reversing
arrangement. It is intendjd to put
her on
here and Xo* York, aud it is expected
she will malU fastest time ever
known, ninety minutes being the fig
ure named by th* confident railroad
meu.
A RICH MANS ROOM.
The owner of the greai Cornwall
iron estate in Pennsylvania, Rob
ert Coleman, has a fine mectlyjical
taste aud pays much attention \ 0
mechanics nod engineering. To
tate his investigations he has con
structed a circular railroad with a
double line of steel tracks, inclosed in
a large builing. The length of the
track is about lf>o feet, with two sid
ings. Patent safety switches, electric
crossh;g signals, safety frcss, aud the
latest methods of fastening rails are
employed. The turntables of the min
iature round house operate automati
cally. The three small locomotives
comprise every piece of mechanism,
every rod, bait, screw, lever, spring,
tire, cock, pipe, and pump of the largest
machines. The boiler-jacket, rods and
drivers are nickel-plated, aud some of
the bright work is silver-plated. The
caps are of solid walnut, and the boilers
proper and the fire boxes are of wrought
steel. The tenders are of copper, and
their water supplv is taken by scoops
from vats on the road-way while the
locomotives are in motion.
The locomotives are about four feet
in length, including the tender, and are
mo lels of beauty. They are of Eng
lish design, so far as high driving
wheel arc concerned, otherwise t' ey
are anvancpd American mechanical
ideas and have many original applian
ces of Mr. Colcmau's invention.
The locomotives are fired up and set
in motion. Around the tracks they go
while the millionaire owner watches
the movements of the Miniature ma
chinery. Hours are thus passed, all
sorts of experiments are tried, high
speed and low speed are compared to
determine the comparative effects of
friction, and other questions of railway
economy.
GREAT SALT LAKE.
One of the wonders of Utah is that
of the Great Salt Lake. At present it
occupies the space equal to about 3,000
square tuiles. The greatest length is
ninety-three miles, while the greatest
width is forty-three. Several large
islands rise to a great heights above
the surface the largest of which is
over thirty miles long, and in the
widest place about twenty miles across,
and it is mountainous in its character,
with streams of water, formed by
springs and drainage, flowiug through
the ravines and canons. On this island
which is called by the name of Antelope
or Church Island, ranchmen have raised
herds of horses, cattle and sheep upon
the rich land found there.
Tho other islands, of which they aro
several, are small, and inhabited by
loons and sea-gulls. The flow of water
into the lake from the rivers of Bear,
Weber, and Jordon, and of the numer
ous streams, from actual measurement
is over fi.ooo cnbic feet per minute—a
quautity sufficient to cover the lake in
one year to a depth of forty inches.
But the evaporation is so great iu this
climate that this great influx is over
come, aud the lake remains much tho
same in height from vtar to year. Iu
ihe spring the water is some inches
higher than at anv other period.
The greatest depth of water fathomed
is sixty feet. While the watersofthesea
contain about two per cent, salt, that
of the Great Salt Lake coutains about
twenty-two per cent*, or about one
fifth the bulk. During the summer the
lake water becomes warm and makes
an agreeable and invigorating bath,
which is taken advantage of by thou
sands, not only as a source of enjoyment
but for the cure of chronic and other
diseases, for which it has proven very
efficacious. At Like Point, Black
Bock, and Lake Shore ample provision
lias been made fir the accommodation
and comfort of bathers, and during the
past season, which was a very short
one, fully 30,000 baths were taken. A
steamboat makes excursions during the
summer for the accommodation of par
ties, who enjoy the grand iake scenery,
dancing and other amusements in the
cabin of the steamer, One great
source of wealth comes from the im
mense deposit of white crystallized salt
that deposits on the shores and is
scooped up and sent on for use in the
silver mills of Idaho, Montana, Nevada
and Colorado. The past year fully
10,000 tons of salt have been gathered
from the I ike and shioped for use. Cit
izens of Utah use this salt for domestic
purposes, while cabinets of minerals
are incomplete without a sample of the
beautiful salt crystallized on someshurb
which found its way in to the waters
of the briny inland s?a. During storms
waves rise so high that it is exc 'edingly
dangerous for boats to be out from safe
harbor.
To his fond father, who had asked
him where he is in his class now—
'Oh, pa, I've got a much bitter place
thanl had last quarter.' 'lndeed? Well
wnere are you!' 'l'm fourteen h.'
'Fourteenth, yon little lazv bones!
You were eighth last term. Do .you
call that a bettor place?' 'Fes, sir;
it's ufcaWr ib'o BVt/vW