MJBIWBIPTION BATIKS:
pK j—u, in tdftuM $1 M
Othorwiß# ' ®
Ho subscription will be discontinued ontil all
MTMimges ut ' l'* I ' l - Fo*t wasters neglecting to
notify us when subscriber* do not Uke out their
papers will be held liable for the subscription.
Subscribers removing from one poetoffice to
another eluuld give as t.ie name of the former
M well M the |>r«i«ut office.
All communications intended for publication
n this paper must l>e accompanied by the real
name of the writer, not for pubUcaUon. but as
a guarantee of good faith.
Marriage and death notice* must be accompa
nied by a responsible name
Aldress THB UCTI-KK Citizen.
BUTLER. PA.
THAVEIJERS 1 GUIDE.
CTLEK. KAltN*- CITY AND PAKKER RiILROAD
Trains l«*.v» Biuler fqr S»t. -toe, Millerstown.
Karns ' ll>. Petrolw, Parker, etc., at 7.27 a. in.,
and 2Jt> and 7.?5 p. iu.
Trains arrive at Butler from the above named
points at 7. 7 a. m . ana 2.15. and 7.15 p <n_
The 215 tram .-omitel- »iti- 'aiu -m the West
Peun nwd 'hr"Oifh to hTti*har<rli.
SHBNANGO ANU ILI.BOIIBNV ItAII.KOAD
Trains leave HlHtar.lV Mil!. Butler county,
tor Hnrrisvllle, Greenvi'ie. etc., at 7.50 a. m.
ind 3.25 p. in.
Tral»sa r-M at li'lmds VTIUt- Ct 1:15 A. M.,
and 5.55 p \i, ....
Hoicks t«» a? «l TO") Pe'rol-a, Mrrtinftbnnr.
Fairview, Mo Waml T i>utiu m. cotiisei t at Hil
laid with ti 1 'run* i>n she -» A <\ road
PBHNHH.VAMA KAII.KOAD.
Train* leave Butler Bat'er or Pittsburgh Time.)
Marke' it 5 Ort i <> ~ •'trough t«> Alle-
Kbenv, *> vi.it- «' '• , ° l ■ •" T! '"- lra,n c "°-
tect« at Free on with Frc.-p««rl Accommoda
tion, which arrive* at All-i-beuy at 8 20 a. m.,
railroad tim-.
Express at 7.21 a. fit , connecting at Butler
Joncii 11, wit at Ctiaii-e ol iarr.il 8.28 with
Exp e-« west, irmin In Aliegtienv at 5».56
a. in Ev ■— •• •'' ar-ivir-w *l BUirsviile
at inns a. in nitir-.-id time
Ma tat '2' < ■ ' lu,,< -
nonwillful ii - o ' Kl; 're-;™'.
arrlvmp n V -• '■} ■ ! ,n " , '
presses: .. r ,n,j .• nter-ecn.-n
It 55* I!- 1 :• .no •» M-h ; meets with
Pkitade -Ira time
The
, t 11.>15 . >.I ; • M -i-t ■'» »•■«*
p.m. tram ■ 51® r 11 elplliu Ex-
■ iv. •. 'tm ■ ' Penn H R at
Vsf a tii ,-i " ~ »7" Ru'lt r time The
w , 4 v.»th ;ruinrt oo
the Batler & Parker R. R.
Wvtti l.int.
TbroU'"o ii i!'<~ "ItlclMMtf'i 10' tne Eu'*
at 8.5»« irir V»«J * i<. ■''« V 2 51 431ai d S_<W p.
m nrrlvi'u- t'W :•. I.Vpr.i* Jt 3.10 and 7.20
t.. in and H.iKV 7.!» .»>d 740 m.; w. Baltimore
about the mr-ir t roe. at N-w Y'.rit three hours
later, and At W-» h.ni;i4»< »t«mt one and a ball
Time oi ConrlH.
The ssvf.ru' (Vmrti .f the conntr of Butler
comm«»uoe on tb» \L iwl»y of M/irch, J una,
and Duceml-fr. and continw two
w«ekf* ( or no iovg aa n owary to dsffxiae of the
burtinean. Kori?U"»e« are pnt ilowti for trial or
travwro jurors pQiuoiobf<d for the firnt weak of
the aeveiat tarmrf.
\J_
BTITLER. PA.
~j'F. BRITTAINi
Office M>i >• i. Z >i'tei en I 'iainond.
AT M. CUNNINGHAM,
Office it. ; "rviv"« , t«\v Bniiiliug. Itnt'.er, Pa.
~ S. H. PIEKSOL.
Office oi. N. I corner i/•••• ■. i«i Uiddle build
ing ,novl2
JOHN M. GKKER.
Offic-oiiN h c liiei Di Old. nnvl2
WW K U K,
Oflic.: wttli w n fl Kiddie. Kaq.
V KWTON i L • < K "
Ottic- i " J>ii.ti - : '. .-ear «'.»ni' House, south
aide
K . i'-i- t (>i(
«Mlt. .1. ii l.in -i. IHIil.
- b. HO • SKI.
Office .1- •: id- V Jtv.iMiiifi ltaar H *7'
.i 1 ' .>il > KiN.
ulti ti- Ii _'i*' - >" "101 l
OI p'-i.ii. Wv lion
JOSKi'H ! < HKE!>IN,
Ortlc-. noriii r • i corner .'t lliamntid, <s •
Pa.
H U. GOCCHER,
•),. * i n ii. ■. Ip «t-v.i-
I lM '•> i S
Oftic. f,r i i T. i •
i ■ BUvXi)(>N
*bl7-,f. -li.. > u- - '• «i bMfc
I i v!i i ivEl<,
Oli.ct :U IU. u nii.dx-.fi UJAII<—'
H t A\ii u i 1 hk.i.
Ofll.t if - '»■ w iiutl.».ig, • • -i ■•.tr.wst.H^lj
K EAS'i AN,
Office lli JJr.alin blllidiug.
LEV. Mi-til.'lM iON","~
Office Main Bt.e. t, I .looi couth (joort ilous*
JOS. c: VANDEULIN,
Office Mi.lu rtlc.it, ! dooi hOUlil Ot (JollTt FloUf".
VVI. a.. 1 EH.
CSr< UltlOo o-. M.lic, niin I. opp .nl,t. Voyelb-
Bouse.
GEO K WHII'E,
Otb. e N E. t i liei .it Outturn*
F AN vi> > J'U«>Vi ANt'E,
Ottice witu JC:.. .1. N P .rviMice, Main atr. o
aouth ol 0o:i. l rioiine.
J J» Vlr.li NKIN.
Office in *.cliinidi«j.ui'£ • uuoiui:, steal side o
Main direct. 2i-d equ .le troin Court Uour-c.
r>! G W LLIAMS.
Office on Diamond, two dootn west of CITIZEN
office. ap26
T C. CA '.PBELL.
Office in Berg'e new building, 2d floor, east
aide Main at., a few doom aouth of Lowr}
Home. mar3—tf
msy7 Office H. W. cor ot Diamond.
BLACK Jk B~RO~
Office on Main atreet one door aoatb o
Mredy Block, Butler. Pa. (eep. 2,1874.
JOHN M MILLER & BRO.
Office in Brady's Law Building, Main atreet,
aouth of Court Hoiwe. EUOEME O. MILLEB,
Notary Public. jnni 13
THOMAS ROBINSON,
BUTLER. PA..
A7O A. WEEK (12 a day at home eaxilvmade
C; st'v Ou'fit free Addrew TIUJE & Co.
AWHirt*. M»'»>e decS-lv
JOHN H. NEGLEY,
®jF"Giver particnlai attention to transaction*
la real entate 'lirongliont the 'lounty.
OmCK »t! PtAMOSI. NKAB «V»rnT HotJSE,
Citizen nriM-iv
E. R- ECKI.KV. Kennedy MARRHALL
(Late ol Ohio.)
El KI.KV «fc ARSHALL
Office in Brn-iv'p I.aw Miiildiutr. Scpt.H,7<
TTTTTH K 1 STI
Attornej ai Law. Is l- I >n»inew" earefullj
trnn«actc<l Coliccnon made and promptlj
remitted Bu-ineri- correspondence promptly
attended to am! ui-wcrcrt
Office oppo-it. Lowr. Hounc, Butler, Pa.
MIS' WLL \ BO 'TS
McSWEEN Y & McSWEENY,
Hmctb|<o.t ai.il Bi dforu. Pa.
M N ViLEs.
Pi lr in. But:<-. ounlj fa |jn?
M. C BENE"II"!.
janfi ti P.*' n.li:. Bui l«r en. Pj
!» VS'CIANS.
JOHN E BYERS,
PHYSI I\N wnSlUifiKON,
my'il-i v| -l! 1 i.EK 1 A
HENTI.s < K
O cijJM LlBTh-Y.
. tt W\Ll)R< >N. (>r .'uate ot the Phll-
II IP. sd'-tti'in De .vd prepared
\J • t-- 'I n the line ol ht#
prole.- lilli I I *Mti-l..clo'> manner
Office 01 Mali trial. Butler. Union Block,
tip »i .in., apll
Of T\ MP 'top?. 3 fct Reedn. 2 Knee
UaUAiio w<-!'» Book -ii.lv
#S7. "tl. S sioi »r ; .111. . B k >nly #M.75
Pian > . SW.K- '"vr.B <■ k 9f.' 1 - *255. Xliua
trated caralojiie free, Addreaa
jpllsm W. C. BUNNELL. IrfwiWWwxn Pa.
VOL. XVIII.
CARPETS! OIL CLOTHS! MATS! RUGS' STAIR RODS
= NEW STOCK! NEW STOCK! >
g ?
| HECK & PATTERSON'S p
j NEW CARPET BOOH \
* NOW
H
? ONA OOQP South OF THFETC OFCOTHLEIG fioute, B
ntsifyN Block, aept2o-tf Batler, Fa. X
,To( )>T i isf).l>T IST,VW ssmoioiio ISIGJHVO
141 Fine Merchant Tailoring 141
JOHN
«>■••• * aa«.,
AI-SO A COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF
3vT"EISI'3 ROY' 3 -A N"TD C^HLIXjH)£tL"EISI'3
KKADY-MADK CLOTHING, AND GENTS FURNISHING GOODS, &C.
A fine selection of Fall and Winter goods will be made to order at reasonable prices, and
satii-faction guaranteed. ,
Overcoats a specialtv. A cordial invitation is extended lo the people of the v icinitv, to
call and examine our stock, visitors as well as buyers will be welcome.
JOHM OMMEE.T. 241 Federal Street, Allegheny City, Pa.
septls-3m 2nd POOR FROM SOUTH DIMOXD STREET.
Dry Goods, Notions, Trimmings, Groceries, etc,
LARGE STOCJE OF FALL AND WINTER GOODS /T
A. TROUTMAX'S
Corner Main and Mifflin Street,
Dresa Goods of all kinds, large assortment colored and black Cashmeres, large
assortment Black Silks, Muruie cloths, fancy Brocades, Plaids, Cotton Dress
Goods, Calicoes, Chintzes, etc.
Trimmings. Trimmings, Trimmings.
Brocade Silks, all colors,
l'lain Silks, all colore.
Plain Satins.
Brocade Satms.
Striped Satins.
Brocade Velveteens, all colors.
Plain \ elveteens, all colors.
Black Silk Velvet.
Ftiiigts, Black and Colored.
Passamentrien, ornaments.
Cord and Tassels, a line assortment.
Buttons- Buttons. Buttons
A full line of Dress and Cloak Buttons—A large
assortment.
A full line of Kibhons, Laces, Embroider}-, Lace
Ties, Uucliing and Ladies' Neckwear.
Cloaks and Dclmans ! Cloaks and Dolmans I
SHAWLS ! SKIRTH !
Flannels, burred nnd twilled, plain colors and best makes :
Canton Flijjinel; ladies' Cloth, all colors; Ladies' Sacking;
Black Beavers; < asli meres ; Jeans; Tweeds; Ticking; Shirt
ing; Muslins; Table Linens; Toweling, Blankets, etc.
1 also keep a full line of Groceries, Queensware, etc. All the
above goods at lowest prices,
County produce and grain taken in exchange for goods.
A. Troutman.
Pfeltilil llJl W
(g^- ri VEGETABLE
ft ?m KILLER
1# A PURELY VESETABLE REMEDY
[.A. For Internal ar.d Externa! Use,
Is a £U*JE CURE far a!l the Discsscs far which It is recommended,
XX c-.J Is ALWAYS PERFECTLY SAFE hi the hands of
A * " *, • " \\ even th; n-cst inexperienced p- r:sns.
11 f3 » and Qotck remedy "o: COUGHS, SORE
suv"j U S THROATf CIIILI.S, and Finriilar trcrVes; affords instant relief
' 1 in ihe wdisfnant J'orms cf UIPIITLiniIIAt and is the bc*t
.JgJU known remedy far ItKEUIHATIS.'I an-i NEURALGIA.
JFE OLDEST,BEST, AND MQI« WIDELY KNOWN
& 1 SIS FAIVIILY MEDICINE IN THE WORLD-
Ifcja SK 1 ilw\ It hr.i born used wltli such wcnj< rfal success <n an
Hi rs. &i,v HKti P-- r < »>' ""»•« tor CRAMPS, CHOLERA, DIARRIMLA,
BT BfS VSm yP3I »VHI2XTCRV, all BOWEL CO.Hi'LAINTS, tAat u U
I conridcrul an i.jt/aiiinj cure for these diteatcs.
1 i| ivl ® HAS STOOD THE TEST OF 4Q YEARS'CONSTANT
B IF/FIYS I| USE IN ALL COUNTRIES A&D CLIMATES.
B IE k m wl 11 is RECOMMENDED by Phv; i<-I:u:s, Missionaries,
Bi M .yi Ministers. Managers of Plantations, V. ork-Shop:i, and
H |C| jfej ' A m/.l Factories, Nurse-; in Hospitals —i: short, by Everybody
m JM 19 ASj jjay'Jj everywhere who has ever t-iven it a tri:.L
I*l MM Ji IT IS WITHOUT A RIVAL A3 A LINIMENT.
■ Bp 11 B'l It should always l« used for Pain in the Back and Side,
Hw jjg R/l -IwElj anl brirrga rpeedy and permanent relit/ i l a'l cases of Bruiceb,
F2M *" \lB Bm9 Cms, Sprains, Severe Huron, Scalds, etc.
fm ■ NO FAMILY CAN SAFELY BE WITHOUT IT. It will
annually save cia-iy times its cost in doctors' bills, and its price
ijirtn.'' lr brin** it within the reach of all. It is sold at 50c. and 81.00
a bottle, and enn be obtained from all dru,: o -iEts.
PERRY DAVIS & SOft, Proviaerice, R. I.
Proprietor*.
HOTELS
GRANDIBIITLEVARD HOTEL
Corner St. & Broadway,
NEW -SORE.
On Both American and European Plans.
Fronting i n Central Park, the Grand Houlevard,
Broadway and Fifty-Ninth St., this Hotel occu
pies the entire square, and was built and fur
nished at ail expense of over dwo.ouo. It is one of
the most elegant as well as lielng tlie finest lo
cated in the city ; has a passenger Elevator and
all modern improvements, and is within one
square of the depots of the Sixth and Kiglith
Avenue Elevated li. It. cars and still nearer to the
Broadway cars—convenient and accessible from
all parts of the city, l'ooms with hoard, 92 per
da>. Special rales for families and permanent
guests. E. HASKELL, Proprietor.
TT. CHARLES HOTEL
On the European Ir'lan
-54 to 66 North Third Street,
Fhilad-bhia. Pa.
Single Rooms 50c., 75c. and $1 per
day.
O. 1-*. Schneck, Proprietor.
Excellent Dining room furnished
with the best, and at reasonable rates.
FRJY?~CARS for all Railroad Depots
within a convenient distance.
National Hotel,
OORTL.VNDT STREET. NEAK BU D\Y*Y
TV I W VoilK.
HOTCIIKISS & POND, - - Prop'rs
ON THE EUR< iFEAN PLAN.
The restaurant, cate mid lrincli room attache,
are unsurpassed for cheapness and excellence ot
service Kts.ms 50 cts. to per day. S3 lo #l<
pr week. Convenient to -ill terries and citj
r .ijri/itds. NFTW FUHMTXKE. NEW MA>'AOE-
I kk*t. ja»ls-Ty
Corse's, Corsets. Corsets.
A large stock to select from.
Glovfli.. Gloves. G oves.
Kid Gloves, Silk G'.oves.
Lisle Thread Gloves.
Cashmere Gloves, and Berlin Gloves.
Yarns. Yarns. Y rns
German town Yarns, Saxony Yarns, Cashmere
Yarns, German Worsteds, Factory Yarns, Berlin
Zepher.
Underwear, Underwear, Underwear.
For Children, Ladies' and Gentlemen.
Hosiery, Hosiery, Hosiery.
Large assortment for Children Ladies' and Gen
tlemen.
-J"HE SBHREIBKU HOUSE.
L NICKLAS. Prop'.,
MAIN STREET, BUTLER, PA.
Having taken lx-sest-ion of the above well
ktown Hotel, and it being furnished in the
best of style for the accomodation of guests, the
public are respectfi;!ly invited to givo me a call
I have also possession of the barn m rear of
hotel, wliich furnnlioe excellent stabling, ac
omodations for my patrons.
L NirKT.AS
Union ""Woolen IVXill,
BUTLER, PA.
H FUf.LI !{T«.\. Prop'r.
Manufacturer of BI.VNKETS, FI.ANNKLS, TAKNS.
Ac. Also custom wurk done to order, such us
c:irdiug Rolls, rank in;.' Blankets, Flannels. Knit
ting and Weaving Yarns, <&c., at very low
i-rices. Wool worked on the shares, it de
*ired. mv7-l y
Notice Extraordinary.
Persons desiring to hive their Old Furniture
j repaln d. or New Work made to order, such as
I Desks, Office Tables. Ac., would do well to call on
A. B. WILSON,
Practical Cabinet Maker.
I hold that a piece of furniture made by hand
[ worth two made by machinery, and will cost
f out little more, if ai.y. Then why not have hand
made ? All work made in the latest styles and
of the best material. I guarantee entire sat
isfaction in stvle, v.-uikmanship and price. Give
me a call. Shop on Mifflin street four doors
Test of Main street, ai.d opposite A. Troutman's
store, Rutler. Pa. sepl7-ly
BBS For this style Singer.
tlXi sen( ' t0 y° ur
JjjUri Dejiot to be examined be-
WtM fore you pay for it. If it is
ULr not as represented it can be
returned at our expense.
* LX>. 17 N. Tenth Bt:, PhilalerjiWai
Julyft-3tri
BI'TLER, PA., WEDNESDAY. DECEMBER 1. '>Bo
THE MOREY LET
Opinion of Judge Noah Davis—The
Chinese Letter Proven a Forgery
and the Circulators Thereof
Justly Secured by the
Court
NEW YORK, NOV. 13.— The fact that
Chief Justice Noah Davia was to de
liver his opinion to-day in the case of
Kenward Philp, charged with criminal
libel on General Garfield, drew a crowd
I of spectators this morning to the Su
| preme Court in which a decision was
to be annonnced. Before the judge
took his place on the bench nearly all
the seats provided for the general pub
lic were occupied, and the chairs with
in the railing, reserved for members of
the bar and other privileged persons,
were also tilled. The press was large
ly represented and rows of spectators
standing close together fringed the in
closure already mentioned.
The prisoner occupied a seat near
bis counsel. The counsel for Josh
Hart was also near by. The prosecu
tion was represented by Assistant Dis
trict Attorney Bell, E. W. Stoughton,
George Bliss'and John I. Davenport.
Elihu Root, Joel B. Erhardt and As
sistant District Attorney Rollins were
among other persons present.
During the delivery of the opinion
the room was very quiet, the auditors
listening with close attention to every
word.
The following is the opinion :
In this State the liberty of speech
and press are declared protected, and
to some extent restricted by the consti
tution of the State and in certain spe
cified cases by statute. Under these
provisions, during a political canvass,
every person has a right to speak, write
and publish his sentiments and opin
ions, and to discuss the character, fit
ness, qualifications, habits, opinions,
defects, merits or lack of them, of any
candidate lor office, in such form and
manner as to him shall deem proper,
subject in law only to responsibility for
the abuse of that right For such dis
cussions the law sets up no standard of
morality, taste, humanity or decency,
but leaves those matters wholly to the
censorship or moral sense of the people
except that when such writings or pub
lications are libellous in their charac
ter, and are not privileged, the publish
er must be able, on criminal prosecu
tion to J to show to a jury not only that
they ARE true, but that they were pub
lished WITH good motives and for jus
tifiable ends. But then provision will
Searched in vain to find any right
to publish as genuine any false or
forged letter or instrument purporting
to be an act of another, although he be
a candidate for office.
IU such case neither forger nor pub
lisher of the forgery is writing or pub
lishing "his sentiments" or opinions
with'n the protection of the Constitu
tion, or discussing within the range of
his lawful rights and privileges. He
is both avowedly and in fact putting
forth to the community as true, the
writing and act of another, and if the
publication is injurious within the law
of libel he is bound in such case to
km. W its truth or to take the conse
quences of its falsity.
In respect to forger and of publisher,
with the knowledge of forgery, there is
simply a casus omissus in the law of
felony which the consciences of all de
cent people must recognize, and legis
lation should hasten to supply. Unhap
pily, under the present condition of the
law even such an act caunot be reached
except as a criminal libel; but I think
it caunot be doubted such as to expose
the alleged writer to censure or injury,
or public hatred, contempt or ridicule,
or such as might reasonably provo.-e
him to a breach of the peace, they will
be clearly libellous, and the venom of
the libel on y the more poisonous be
cause the forger has put it into the
mouth of the party intended to be in
jured. If there were no precedent the
common law is elastic enough to cover
and redress the public wrong.
Iu any view of the guilt or innocence
of the accused in this case, the question
of forgery of the letter is of vital im
portance, because first, if the accused
actually wrote the letter and caused it
to be published as genuine, those acts
constitute a libel for which he should
be held for trial; or secondly, if he did
not write the letter and cause it to be
published, yet as he wrote and fur
nished to a newspaper the article en
titled, "Lying and sticking to it," in
which, with the knowledge that Gen
eral Garfield had denounced the letter
as a forgery, he reasserts its genuine
ness and declares General Garfield to
be a "liar" for having denounced it, he
must be held to answer, unless he has
shown that in fact the letter is genu
ine, and that General Garfield is there
fore a liar in having denied it; and also
shown that he wrote and published the
article calling him a liar "with good
motives and for justifiable ends." It
is settled that to call a man in a public
newsp. per a liar is libelious.
The judge here recites the facts of
the case and reviews the evidence, and
says : Collating all the facts which are
in no material part contradicted or im
punged, are we brought to discern
with almost the highest degree of cer
tainty that evidence can attain that
the envelope in which the Morey letter
is said to have been received was never
mailed, stamped, sent and received
through the postoffice but once; that it
was mailed that once at Washington
on some day later than the Isth of
Feb R uary, 1880, and when the steel
stamp was in use; that it was received
in New York and the stamp in the re
ceiving department on the 12th or 22d
day of the same month, as those are
the only dates of which the figure "2"
can be a terminal number, that it was
sent to a station and delivered to a per
son to whom it was addressed, whose
name beyond all doubt was not "H. L
Morey," for in that case no erasure
would have been necessary ; that this
envelope has, since its receipt and de
livery in New York, been taken and
used by some person bent on criminal
purpose, who erased therefrom the
name ol the person to whom it was
origiunlly addressed and delivered, and
clearly show, when it was in fact
J RNIUKA atftl rectivtti, for the of
putting it in a letter antedated to a day
prior to the nomination of General Gar
> field and on which be was known to
have been in Washington, and that
such person wrote or caused to be
written thereon the address, "H. L.
Morey, Lynn, Mass.," for the purpose
of deceiving the publisher of theuews
, paper to whom it might be delivered
into the beliel that the letter it should
R enclose was a genuiue letter of J. A.
Garfield. Doubtless it was not sup
posed that the envelope would be the
subject of much scrutiny. The letter
I itself was the great subject of his
I thoughts, and the envelope, he proba
bly presumed, having served its pur
pose, would fall unheeded into the pub
lisher's waste-basket.
All the facts above enumerated,
which discloses so clearly the charac
ter of this envelope, bear with no less
I force upon the question, is the letter a
forgery? It is next to impossible that
they can be true and the letter be gen
uine, but they are reinforced by other
facts, which remove from my mind the
least shadow of a doubt There was
■ no such person as "John W. Goodall
of Lynn, Mass.," by whom the letter
which accompanied the Morey letter to
Mr. Hart, purports to have been writ
ten. It is proved most clearly that no
such persou as H. L. Morey as being
the person to whom the letter purports
to be addressed, ever existed. The ex
perts on both sides all agree that tb?
Morey letter, both in body and signa
ture, was written by the same hand,
some of them declaring there can be
no doubt of it. An examination of the
. letter itself shows this fact to every
persou who is Iree from obliquity of
vision or perversion of judgment.
) "Mr. Hewitt's connection with this
letter and the transactions that have
• ! grown out of it are, to say the least, of
a most extraordinary character. Ac
cording to the testimony of Mr. Hart,
when be received the letter in the very
singular manner in which it reached
him, his suspicions were aroused. He
saw its importance, if genuine, as a
weapon of deadly power in the hands
' of General Garfield's political foes. He
was not satisfied to publish it upon the
examination which he and his editorial
staff could make, and he, therefore,
took the letter and envelope to the
Democratic National Committee for in
spection. He there saw Messrs. Hew
itt, Barnura, Randall, and several oth
ers. Mr. Hart showed them the pa
pers, and said in substance that he did
not want to publish the letter if it was
forgery, but if not he did, and wanted j
no other paper to get ahead of him in !
its publication. He says it was ex- j
amined by all persons named, but Mr. |
Hewitt made the closest and most .
i careful examination, and spent fully j
half an hour in its examination and
then prouounced the letter, both body
and signature, to be in the haudwrit
iug of General Garfield. Photographs
were taken for the use of the National
Committee, and Mr. Hart returned ;
I with the letter to his office. But his I
mind was not fully satisfied, and, so !
late in the evening he sought and
found Mr. Hewitt again, and was again
assured Hewitt had examined a large
number of General Garfield's letters,
i and that the Morey letter was genuine,
! and this was clinched by impressing
Mr. Hart's mind with the idea that he
• would have made it out a forgery if he
could. It is not very surprising that
Mr. Hart, with the usual auxiety of
newspaper publishers, to be ahead of
! their neighbors, should have published
J the letters without further inquiry, but
it is astounding that a man of known
1 sagacity, of great experience in busi-
I ness and in public atlairs, and who is
i supposed to have decent respect for
i trnth and justice and who speaks as an
I expert iu writiug, with all the suspic
ious circumstances that attended the
reception of the letter with the envel
ope and its erasures before him, with
city, postoffice and station stamp on its
back, with the letter marked "personal
and confidential" and addressed to |
some person whom he certainly did
not know, with the letter be:ore him,
the contents of which, if true, would
be greatly injurious, and if false would
: do wrong to his intimate friends, as
false and wicked as an assassins stab,
should have thought it just to press
and cause its publication without first
! removing all doubt as to its character |
j However much equitable division may
I leave tor others, upon Mr. Hewitt must
! rest the larger share of responsibility
i for the first publication of this base
and shameful forgery and his subse
quent relation to the forgery, do not
J lift a single shadow from his conduct.
IHe was a member of the National
j Committee and he doubtless knew the
' extent and purposes for which it was
taken and used by that committee, and
that it went forth to the country with
the sanction of his endorsement. He I
knew beyond question that it would be ,
met with a speedy denial lrom General
| Garfield, who denounced the letter as
a base and stupid forgery and its sen
timents as brutal.
Under our statutes the utterer of a
forged instrument, with the knowledge
of its falsity, is placed in the same '
rank of criminality as the forger. Had
i the subject of forgery in this case been ;
, I instruments purporting to the obliga- !
, : tions of General Garfield, and he had
! publicly declared them to be forgerie , ;
| wbo could thereafter send them lorth
: and circulate them throughout the com
monwealth, with his representation of
genuineness, without incurring the j
f penalties of the law. The difference is
purely statutory and iu a moral forum
wholly vanishes.
The Judge also says : My mind has
I reached a clear conviction that the so-
T called Morey letter, signature and all
' its parts, is not in the handwriting of
I General Garfield, but is altogether a
- forgery perpetrated by some person or
! body of persons for the purpose of de
ceiving people and defrauding them
> I and General Garfield of their votes. Ev
-5 idence bearing upon Philp's guilt or
-; innocence of forgery is voluminous and
1 would demand careful analysis. Taken
1 in connection with other evidence in
2 : the case it tends to establish a conspir
-3 acy to accomplish a national crime.
1 The conspiracy points to men in other
t quarters and of far higher positions of
f j WHTRRU' tie may FA'aVe BEFETT AN acWataf-
plice or only a dupe and tool. It is
better, therefore, that the actual guilt
of forgery be left to the consideration
of a jury, before whom additional and
perhaps more decisive evidence may be
brought.
It must be the wish of all honorable
minds that this case will lend not oddly
to the discovery and exposure of the
guilty, but to the enactment of laws
which will prevent or severely punish
offenses of this character. Whoever be
guilty in this case, right-thinking men
everywhere must look upon the act as
an appalling crime, wholly ut war with
the safety and sanctity of the popular
government. Fortunately, no comn'* -
tee and no body of men hold in. ; ;
hands the conscience of the p > V•. a i
no party fealty is "strong e:i ui_rii to in
terpret the sentence of condemnation
which honest men ol ai! parts must
pronouuee upon uch guilt. The men
most criminal in this case may not be
reached by the hand of justice, but they
will find no party willing to bear and
share with him the just measure of in
famy and scorn that awaits them. If
they have failed in their guilty pur
pose, so they will fail in securing the
approval even of them for whose suc
cess they have done the guilty work. It
will b>; tniall consolatiou to know that
they iiave gained by this forgery a few
useless electoral votes, incited an infu
riated mob to the murder of a few un
offending human beings and caused a
few of their own agents to suffer for
perjuries and misdemeanors.
The defendant is held to answer up
on charge of criminal libel and must be
committed, or give bail for his appear
auce, to answer any indictment that
may be found against him When
Judge Davis closed by announcing that
he should hold the prisoner. General
Pryor put the question as to the
amount of bail. The Court said the
bail could remain as air ady fixed, $5,-
000, and that the present bondsmen
would be accepted. At the sugges
tion of Mr. Brooke, the Court consent
ed to adjourn the preparation of the
new bond until Monday next, at 12 M.
The counsel for Mr. Hart rose and
said : The witness Lindsay, in his
confession, had alleged that he, (the
counsel,) when conversing with him,
before the witness testified, remarked,
"That is all you will have to swear
to." The counsel denied this, and de
clared that he only said to witness,
"that will do ;" meaning that the in
terview was ended.
Judge Davis said he had nothing to
do with this but exculpated the counsel
from any charge of improper behavior
in the public proceedings. He referred
to the latter's conduct in securing the
production of th Morey letter and en
veloped in Conrt, and the counsel ex
pressed his thanks for the Court's re
marks. The Court was then vacated.
EPIZOOTIC AND ITS CAUSES.
The causes of this affliction have a
close relation to the state and peculiar
ities of the atmosphere and to the sea
son of the year The prevalence o F
east winds or rapid changes in the tem
perature, such as a hot close condition
being quickly succeeded by cold, damp
foggy state — is almost certain to be
followed bv the prevalence of the epi
zootic. Additional predisposing caus
es may be summarized as follows : An
imals crowded together in damp, ill
ventilated and ofherwise unhealthy
situations. These are generally the
first to suffer from influenza. In them
it commits the greatest havoc. Young
horses are more predisposed than those
of maturer years ; still the old suffer
severely, and are often carried away.
Sex has no influence. Neirlect of eve
ry description, as well as bad food and
overwork, by debilitating, render ani
mals subject to severe and early at
tacks of the disease. But no amount
of care will exempt them from it, as it
appears in all stables alike. Few hor
ses suffer from more than one attack
during one season; many cases relapse,
but one attack in no degree protects
against another at some future period.
It is stated that epizootic catarrh
geuerally commences with the animal
having a shivering fit. This, although
common at the outset of the disease,
does not invariably occur. The disease
commences in a very insiduous man
ner. The animal coughs, the pulse is
feeble, irritable and easily compressed,
the breath is hot, the mouth is dry, or
perhaps preternaturally moist, and of
fensive to smell; the membrane within
the nostril is either pallid or of a lead
like hue ; the coat will stare ; ihe limbs
will be of a variable temperature — two
of them cold and the others hot, or hot
and cold in patches ; and the throat
will perhaps be sore. This soreness
is indicated by the quiddling or chew
ing and ejecting the food The eyes
are either dull and heavy looking, or
the eyelids may present considerable
tumefaction, accompanied with a copi
ous flow of hot acrid tears.
j As the disease advances the
becomes worse, and the throat more
, sore, attended with swelling at the
! junction of the head and neck, and
I within the submaxillary space; the ap
petite may wholly disappear, and the
bowels in consequence sec ete little or
1 NOTHING, so that the bile, not being re
! quired for the digestive and other func
| tions within the economy, becomes ab-
S sorlied into the system, and the mucus
membranes speedily present that yel
lowness so commonly manifested under
the circumstances. It the animal, at
this stage of the disease, be made to
walk a few yards, he will stagger and
I and sway from side to side, as though
likely to fall at every step.
Sometimes the purulent discharge
manifests itself from the nose, which is
not unfrequently followed by relief to
the soreness of the throat ; while in
others, again, such relief is not so evi
[ dent. The discharge, however, may
■ in all cases be regarded as a favorable
I issue. Should the malady be attended
| with swelling in the region of the
'throat, and within t'e submaxilliary
! space, such swelling will become larg
er, and the skin of the part more ten
der, until matter is fully formed. If
every care be taken of the animal at
this stage of the malady, all may pass
off well, and leave the patient in the
end little or none the worse ol the at
tack ; with iinpro|>er treatment scarla
tina, typhoid pueumouia, ozena or roar
: iog may iwult-.
RIVER COMMERCE OE PITTS
BURGH.
Aside from her great industries,
j Pittsburgh, as the leader of navigation
lon the Ohio, claims attention, and ex
tends her influence along the 18 000
! miles of navigable streams attainable by
her river steamers. This influence she
retains in spite of the rapid jrrowth of
that jrreat destroyer of river trade, the
railway. On either side of the three
valleys that radiate from Pittsburgh
\ are found the omnipresent parallel lines
j of rails, six arms <»f a great cuttle-fish
whose body is the smoky city, and
vhose suction disks are the station-
I: 'ises that draw the life from the trade
• : each stream. On the Allegheny
this trade has lonir since disappeared
entirely; the Mononirahcla bears upon
its slack-watered current a line of fine
boats that have existed siuce the earli
est days of steam navigation, but
whose business begins to feel railway
eneroachment. The Ohio is plied by
a line of Cincinnati and Pittsburgh
packets, and by smaller craft earning a
precarious existence between "wav"
points, but the glory of the river is de
parted
i And yet, at stages of wa
ter in the fickle Ohio, the K-vee at
Pittsburgh shows most animated scenes.
A stranger reaching the city during a
stage of water favorable for boating—
say four to eight feet of water i n the
( channel—would be treated to a most
interesting sight on the Monongahela
Wharf, between that inany-piered aud
venerable structure the Mononirahela
Suspension Bridge and the "Point."
This scene is especially characteristic
when witnessed from the upper or
"hurricane" of some big 1000-ton
steamer. The observer is reminded of
nothing so much as of a freshly dis
turbed ant-hill. This smile is borne
out by the action of the double stream
of hig black "roosters," e., colored
boat hands. As these pass in opposite
directions over the gpnsr-plank, each
biped ant bears, not a milk-white egg,
but a fat sack of bran as to the out
goers, or a box of glass or bar of steel
as to the incoming procession. This
double process goes on until the great
hull has exchanged its St Louis freight
for Pittsburgh's products. And so
skillfully is this same hull fa hioned
and adapted to the precarious channels
of western rivers, that, with a thcusaud
tons of freight aboard, a Pittsburgh
and St Louis passenger and freight
boat will scarcely "draw" four and a
half feet of water. .And in this wav,
during the first three months of ISBO.
10.000 tons per month of the varied
products of Pittsburgh's fiery-hearted
furnaces were wafted by steam and
current 3,500 miles toward the setting
sun. Kindly showers thus washed
away 30.000 tons of freight from the
railroads
But the magic wand which most po
tently transforms tb" river-front of
Pittsburgh, which brings intense ener
gy out of apathy, which turns day to
night and silence into a Babel of
sounds, is the sudden advent of a "coal
boat" stage if water, i. e., anything
over eight feet. This occurs when both
rivers, swelled by rapid thaw or con
tinued rains, send down their quicken
ed tides, so that both freshets reach
the Ohio at the same time. About the
mouth of the Monongahela, or safely
moored in its sla' k-water "pools," float
hundreds of great clumsy craft that
have the draught of a small ocean
steamer. These are laden deep with
millions of bushels of the wonderful bi
tuminous coal and matchless coke of
Western Pennsylvania. The coal, in
glistening, irregular cubes, is fresh
from a hundred collieries up the beau
tiful Monongahela Valley, and the coke
in huge barges that hold 35.000 bush
els each, is the output of the adjacent
regions, where 5,000 coke ovens bl ick
en the fair land and skv with their
dense smoke. In 18T0 02,000,000
bushels of coal and 3.500,000 bushes
of coke passed through the locks of the
Monongahela, dependent for its going
upon the caprice of Jupiter Pluvius.
These awkward-looking boats, with
their load of carbon, may have lain
thus for months, while the price of
their cargoes has doubled in the far-off
maikcts for which they were loaded,
and their owners are linked to profani
ty, or pray for rain to float off their
\\ aiting cargoes.
Pittsburgh is the home of 130 tow
bouts of a pattern incomprehensible to
eastern eyes, for they do not "tow,"
bat push. Their homeliness is out
weighed by their bull-dog tenacity of
purpose, when it comes to their legiti
mate business of harbor and long trip
towing of cumbersome fleets of eoal-la
den craft. These are lashed in a solid
fleet, of which the steamer is the hind
most hull. In cost these craft range
from the perfectly appointed monster
representing a fortune of §">0,000 and
the power (if 1,700 horses, down to the
battered veteran that might bring §2.-
000. This motley fleet is huddled in
port, each boat ready and anxious to
move these coal craft over the hun
dreds or thousandsuf miles of tortuous
Ohio or muddy Mississippi. Their
fires are laid and their boilers are filled,
and when the coal-boat stage comes at
last it finds Pittsburgh boats and their
crews galvanized into intense action.
It may be that this long expected
rise is an affair of a single day, or of
forty-eight hours'duration at best. The
rivers of Pittsburgh rise and fall like a
jack-in-the-box. There may be three
feet of wate• on Saturday, thirteen on
Sunday, and Monday's sunset will red
den "six feet scant" in the channel.
Between these extremes is the tide
which, taken at the flood, leads the
coal fleet to the southern and western
markets, and brings long-deferred cash
to the shippers. The amount of sys
tematically directed energy, backed by
experience and ability, necessary to
get out a coal shipment of, say 10,000,-
000 bushels (twenty-six and a half
bushels to the ton), in thirty-six hours,
can hardly be fittingly described. Hie
small, old-fashioned locks of the Mo
nongahela dams are gateways utterly
inadequate to the task of passing the
fleets of barges and steamers aud flats
and boats that await their turn. Crews,
land boats, and big ropes, and rolling
[ tsmukb, and strain. tttrd tfhrtilidg
IDIEBTIBISO BATES.
One square, ono insertion, 91; each nubat
qnent insertion, 50 cent*. Yeirly advertisement*
exceeding one-fourth of a column, fS per inch.
Figure wort double these tatee; addition*!
charges where weekly or monthly changes are
made Local advertisements 10 cents per lib*
for fimt insertion, and 5 cents per line for aacb
additional insertion. Marriage* and deaths pub
lislied free of charge. Obituary notices charged
as advertieoments, and payable when handed is
Auditors' Notice*. *4 ; Executors' and AHmlni.
trators' Notices. 43 each; Est ray, Caution -n*
Dissolution Notice*, not exceeding ten lines,
each.
From the fact that the CITIZEN is the oldes*
established and most extensively circulated Be
publican newspaper in Butler county, (a Keput
licaii county) it must be apparent to business
men that it is the medium they should use ib
advertising their business.
NO. '3
men, are features in a sceue only to be
witnessed, even in Pittsburgh, when
tbere conies a sudden rise after a long
season of low water. But at Lst the
rearmost craft gets through, and joint
the emancipated throng of boats that
are slowly steaming down the winding
Ohio. Each boat has charge of her
"tow," the latter consisting of from
five to twenty-five big square boats,
holding in all from 50,000 to 600,000
bushels of solid carbon.
This coal ig mined along the Monon
gahela Valley ud up the valley of jaw
racking Youghiogbenv. The coal
seams lie in most cases far above the
level of the river, and in the older pits
the coal has been removed for a dis
tance of three miles from the water's
edge. The mouths of these ink-black
tunnels show far up the green walled
bill-sides. From these inky spots issue
noisy cars that rush down the 'incline,'
bang against the 'tipple,'and discbarge
their contents over sloping 'screens' in
to the waiting boat or barge below.
And back and forth in these gloomy
pits stalk the forlornest of mules, sol
emn visaged, and wearing a bandage
over one eye in a way suggestive of
some subterranean difference of opin-
This bandaging is done for the good of
beast, which, uubandaged, will 'shy'
over to one side and bang bis anatomy
against the wall, but the drapery does
not dd to his beauty in the least.
For half a century this undermining
of these everlastiug hills has been go
ing on, until they rest their strata up
on thousands of columns of coal in the
abandoned mines beneath. An acre of
coal, be it uuderstood, means 120,000
bushels of the merchantable article
stored in a "seam" four feet eight iches
thick. A single tow-boat will take to
New Orleans, 2,000 miles away, the
output of five acres of coal, at a cost
for transportation of four cents per
bushel. While this work is going on
along the rivers mentioned, coal is
leaving the Pittsburgh fields by rail at
the rate of 180,000,000 bushels per
year, and the supply is practically in
exhaustible.
From coal it i 9 but a short step to
coal's brighter and purer first cousin,
coke. To the south-west of Pittsburgh
tbere lie boundless beds of a peculiar
soft coal, in strata eleven feet thick,
easily mined, and generally easy of ac
cess. This co 1, slowly baked in great
ovens, is the Connellsville coke o f com
merce, ninety per cent, carbon— a fuel
that find.-; its way to the blast-furnaces
of Lake Champlain, on the east, and
to the smelting furnaces of Utah and
Colorado on the west. Five thousand
coke ovens to-day send their pernici
ous fumes heavenward, and the noc
turnal appearance of a range of coke
ovens in full blast so nearly embodies
the orthodox idea of Satanic scenery
that unregenerate Pittsburghers have
comparatively few surprises in store
after this life"— O. F MULLEB, in Har
per's Magazine for December.
PEN A L TY OF ORE A TNESS.
A telegram from Cleveland says:
"General Garfield was in the city yes
terday shopping tor household furni
ture, sequel to the recent visit to Men
tor of wholesale delegations of enthu
siastic friends." The telegram does
not mention anything of the carrying
away by relic hunters of bushels of
corn, apples and turnips, that were
raised on Gen. Garfield's farm. A re
porter of this paper, coming down on
the Nee Line road a few evenings ago,
fell in with three or four commercial
travelers who had just returned from
Mentor. It seems that none of the
party knew that any one of their num
ber had been there, and one of them,
wishing to surprise the rest, reached
up and got his valise. On opening it
he pulled out an ear of corn and said:
"Hi re is an ear of corn raised on Gen.
Garfield's farm. lam going to take
it home down east and plant it next
spring."
Another of the party reached for
his valise and said : "I will go you
one better. Here are two ears of corn
that I picked while I was at Mentor."
The third made a dive into h s over
coat pockets, and pulled out two tur
nips, three apples, an ear of corn, and
three large onions, which be said he
obtained at the Mentor man's farm
while he was over there paying his re
spects (?) to Gen. Genfield."
If every visitor carried away as
ni my mementos of their trip to Men
tor as these gentlemen did, the crop of
corn, apples, potatoes and turnips
must be well nigh exhausted by this
time.
It i 3 said of the Oberlin students
who were the first to visit Gener&l
Garfield after his election, that they
carried away everything they could
get their hands on; but they replied
to this that there was no chance to
carry away anything, as the visitors
before them had stripped the farm
and flower beds. Perhaps if the Gen
eral had known that the products of
"Lawnfield" would be in such de
mand, he would have put in an extra
large crop last spring.
A REMARKABLE RAILWAY ACCI
DENT—An almost incredible explana
tion is given of the cause of a recent
accident to the Scotch express, near
Leicester, England. It is said that
the train was stopped a little beyond
the town of Kibwortb, the engineer
thinkingsomething was the matter with
hisvngiue. Examination showed the
1< comotive to be all right, and the en
gineer again applied steam but instead
of running forward the train was back
ed, and the engineer did not notice
the change of direction until the train
hail returned to Kibworth station,
where it ran into a freight train, but
not before the engineer had applied the
Westirghouse brake, and so prevented
any more damage thau the smashing
of two cars and the wounding of four
or .five passengers. The engineer was
suspended: but it appeared from inves
tigation that none of the train bands
knew that they wero going backward
instead of forward until it was too late
to avert an accident. It is said by
way of explanation that tho night of
the accident was very dark.
Wife of his Buzzum. "Was that
the kiss of dooty or kiss of affection,
Mr. Bodger?" Mr.
-1 cliuo to answer that queStioti."