SUBSCRIPTION BATES: Per yew, in advance 5® Otherwise. 00 No subscription will bo discontinued until all arrearages are paid. Postmaster* neglecting to notify us when suliscribers do not take out their papers will be held liable for the subscription. Hiibfcribers removing from one poetoffice to another should give us the name of the former as . m , connecting at Butler Jnnc tiODwithout change of cars, with Express west, arriving in Allegheny at 526 p. in., and Ex press cast arriving at Blairsville Intersection at ti.'.O p. m. railroad time, whieh connects w.'th Philadelphia Expre.s east, when on time. The 7.21 a. m. train connects at Blairsville at 11.05 a. m. with the Mill east, and the 2.36 p. m. train at 6.50 with the Philadelphia Ex press east. Trains arrive at Butler on Wc*t Penn K. H. at ft.sl a. in.. 5.0* 5 and 7.20 p. in.. Butler lime. The ii 51 and 506 trains connect with trains on the Butler & Parker R. R. Sun ay train arrives at Bntle r at lt.il a. m., connecting with train •or Parker. Main Line. Through trains leave Pittsburgh for the Eaf. •t 2.56 and S.2ti a in. and 12 51, 4.2! ar.d 5.06 p. m., arriviiur at Philadelphia at 3.40 and 7.20 p. in. and S.OO, 7 0 and 7.40 n. re.; at Baltimore a l ,out the same time, at New York three hours luitr, and at Washington about one and a half hours later. PHYSICIANS. JOHN E 15VERS, PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, tn\2l-lyj BUTLER. l'A. D ENTISTS. Oil WALDRON. Grrdoate of the Phll |l adelphia Dental College,is prepared a il ■to do anything in the line of hi* profession in a satisfactory manner. Olfice on Main street, Butler, Union Block, np stairs. apll LAND KOK SALE~" ' FOR SALE. A handsome six-room fniine In use, located on Hint! 'tre-'l. northwestern part of Butler. L"t 50x170. All necessary ouibuildings. '1 EUMS—Ore-'hir.l cash and balance in four equal annual payments. Inquire at this otlice. j in 14 it For teale. The well-improved 'sum of Rev. W. It. Hutch ison, in the northenst corner of iliddlesex town ship, Bui ler comity. Pa . i« nor.- offered for sale, low. Inquire of SV* K. FRISBEE, on tbe prem ises. aplGtf FOITSALE. $5 will buy a one-half interest in a good bus- Iner-s in Piltsburtrh. One who knows some lliint: about farming preferred. An honest, man wiili the above mnount will do well lo address ly letter. SMITH JOHNS, care 8. M James, Liberty str-ct, Pitt-burgh, Pa. |au27-ly INSURANCE. Incorporated IHI9. /ETNA INSURANCE COMPANY OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT. Asets 17.078,224.49. Losses paid In fil years, $51,000,000. J. T. McJt'NKIN A SON, Agents, Jan2Bly Jellereon street, butler, Pa. BUTLER COUNTY Mutual Fire Insurance Co. Office Cor. Main and Cunningham Sts. G. C. ROESSING, PRESIDENT. WM CAMPBELL, TREASURER H. C. IIEINEMAN, SKCRETAIIT. DIRECTORS: J. L. Purvis, | E. A. Helmboldt, William Campbell, J. W. Burkbart, A. Troutman, j Jacob Sclioene, G. C. Roesslng, John Caldwell, Dr. W. lrvin, W. W Dodds, J.W.Christy I H. C. Heinemui. JAS. T. M'JUNKIN, Gen, Ae't- J3TTTI-iIEIR/ FA.. HENRY G. HAM), FIKE MERCHtHT TftlLOß, COIL PENN ASD SIXTH STREETS. Pittahiirflh. Pa J5. Roessing, [Successor to A. C. Roeseiag 4 Bro.] DEALER IN Groceries GRAIN, FLOUR, FEED, OIL, —AND— Anthracite Goal. THE HIGHEST MARKET PRICE PAID IN FOR GRAIN OF ALL KINDS. eep It f PENSIONS! the 1.8. service. LAW EXl'I RKB .lULY Ist, 1880, for ARREARS. PENSIONS INCREAS ED. Thousands of Pensioners are rated too low. BOUNTY AND NEW DISCHARGES PRO CI'IIED. Information freely given. Send stamp for blanks. Address. STODDART & CO., Room f, St. Cloud Building, Washington, D. C. Notice Extraordinary. Persons desiring to have their Old Furniture repaired, or New Work made to order, such as Music Stands. Book Cases, Wardrobes. Office Desks, Office Tables, Ac., would do well to call on A. B. WILMON, Practical Cabinet Maker. I hold that a piece of furniture made by hand worth two made by and will cost put little more, if any. Then why not have hand made ? All work made in the latest styles and of the best material. I guarantee entire sat isfaction in stvle, workmanship and price. Give me a call. Shop on Mifflin street, four doors west of Main street, and opposite A. Trout man's store, Butler, Pa. sepl7-ly ~ BAUER & BAXTER. Liveiy, Sale and Feed Stables, REAR OF VOGELEY HOUSE, junC-3m BUTLER. PA. it („ £JA per day at home Samples worth JVJ IU RPZW 1,5 free. Address STIKSOX A Co., Portland, Maine. dee3-ty VOL. XVII. M. FIRE & Bro. 100 & 102 FEDERAL STREET, ALLEGHENY, Will Hold A Grand Clearing Out Sale Of Dry Goods. All kinds of Summer Dry Goods will be Cosed Out Regardless of Cost. At 5c per yard, very fine and beautiful LAWNH. At 6.J40, DKE3S I'LAIDS, and a great variety ?of mixed Dress Goods. At a very large lot of Brocade Dress Goods, iu all colors pt>d shades. AT £0 AND 25 CENTS, ALL-WOOL DEBEGES. We .ire also closing out at very low prices, oar entire stock ol Black and Colored Silks- In these goods we offer very decided bargasn*. | |sgr*We would call special attention to our very large stock of Alpaca and Silk Sun Umbrellas, which will be closed out very low M. FIRE & 880, 100 «& 102 Federal Street. Allegheny. CARPETS! OIL CLOTHS! MATS! RUGS' STAIR RODS s NEW STOCK! NEW STOCK! > | HECK & PATTERSON'S | j NEW CARPET ROOD! cc ISTOW OPEN! " ut 5? Qcte Bgqp Seutft ©f their Qlethtng House, c 55 Duffy's Bloek, «ept2o-tf Butler. Pa. 3 P m^mm^— vmmmmm—mmmmmm—zrwm om——i iSdOHHIYXS iSXVW i SHJ.CIO 110 iSJ,3dHYD Time of Holding Courts. The several Courts of tho county of .Butler commence on the fit ft Monday of March, June, • September and December, and couiinue two weeks, or eo long an n- ceesary to dispose of the bumnMH. So causes are put down for trial or traverse jurors fcnmmoned for the Brut week of the seveial terms. ( ATTORNEYS AT LAW. BUTLER, PA. J. P. BRITTAIN, Office with L Z Mitchell. Diamond. _ A7M.~CUN STnoham, Office in Brady'* Law Building. Butler, Pa. ~s7 hTpTersolT Office on N. K. corner Diamond, Kiddle build ing Jnovl2 JOHN M OREER. OCice on N. E. comer Diamond. uovl2 \V>l. H LUSK, Office with W H. H Riddle. Eng. NEWTON BLACK, Office on Diamond, near Court House, south side. eTOrugh, Office in Kiddle's Law Building. 8. F. BOWSER. Office in Kiddle's Law Building. [marß'7's J. B."McJUNKIN. Special attention given to collections Oilier opposite Willard House. JOSEPH B. BREDIN, Ofllctt north-east corner of Diamond, Butlci Pa. H.'n: GOUCHER, Office in Schneideman'B building, upgtaiis. JTTTdokly Office near Court Honse. r 74 wTdTbiiandon, ebl7-75 Office in Berg's building CLARENCE WALKER, Office in Bredin building- niarl7—t FERD REIBER, Office In Berg's new building. Main street.aptilj FTM. EASTMAN; Office in Bredin building. LEV. McQUISTFON; Office Main street, 1 door south of Court Bouse JOSTC. VANDERLIN, Office Main street, 1 door south of Court House. Wm A. FORQUER, (jT Office on Main street, opposite Vogeley House. GEO. R. WHITE, Office N. E. corner of Diamond FKANCIS S PURVIANCE7~ Office with Oen. J. N. Purviance, Main street, south of Court House. J. D McJUNKIN, Office in St-hneideinan'a build intr, west side ol Main street, 2nd square from Court Houte. A. G. WTLUAMS, Office on Diamond, two doors west of Citizen office. ap26 T. C. CAMPBELL, Office in Berg's new building, 2d floor, east side Main St., a few doom south of Lowrj House. mar3—t f n A. & mT SULLIVAN, raay7 Office S. W. cor. of Diamond. BLACK & BRO~ Office on Main street, one door south o. Hrr.dy Block, Buller. Pa. (Sep. 2, 1874. JOHN M MILLER Jb BRO. Office in Brady's Law Building, Main street, south of Court House. Euok.ik O. Milled, Notary Public. _ jun4 ly TIIOMAS ROBINSON, BUTLEB, PA. JOHN II NEGLEY, particular attention to transaction* in real estate throughout the county. Ofkice os Diamond, hkah Cocut House, IS Citizen ruildtno E. K. Ecklbt, Kennedv Maiisuali, (Lale of Ohio.) ECKLEY & MARSHALL. Office in Brady's Law Building. 5ept.9,74 C G. CHRISTIE, Attorney at Law. Legal business careftilly transacted Collections made and promptly remitted. Business correspondence promptly attended to and answered. Office opposite Lowry House, Butler, Pa. MISCELLANEOUS. McSWEENY & McSWEENY, Sinethport and Bradford, Pa. M~ n. milks, Petroiia, Buller county, Pa. |)n3 WILLIAM R. CONN^ Office in Brawley House, GREECE CITY. |june7-ly M. C. BENEDICT, jan6 tf Petrolia, Butlwr 00., Pa lii Housekeeping Goods We are enabled to offer better bargains than ever before. Our stock is very complete, and must lie sold to make room for Fall Good?. We offer an Extra Good Quality of Turkey Red Table Damask at 50c. Bleached Table Cloth, very good, at 25, 35, 50c. White and Colored Bed Quilts AT ALL PRICES- Towels, 6%, 8, 10, 12% and 15 ceuts. Towels, very fine and large, 20, 25 and 35c. HOTELS GRAND BOULEVARD HOTEL. Corner 591h St. <& Broadway, NEW IORK. On Both American and European Plans. Fronting on Central Park, the Grand Boulevard, Broadway and Fifty-Ninth St.. Ihls Hotel occu pies the entire square, and was built and fur nished at an exjienxe of over Akm.ooo. It is one of the most elegant as well as being the finest lo cated in the city ; has a passenger Elevator and all modem improvements, ami is within one square of the depots of the Sixth and Kightli Avenue Elevated it. It. cars and still nearer to the Broadway cars—convenient and accessible from all parts of the city. Rooms with board. $2 per day. Special rates for families and permanent guests. E. HASKELL, Proprietor. EITENMILLER HOUSE, - On Diamond, near Court House, BUTLEB, PA. 11. EITENMILLER, - - - PHOPBIETOB. This house has been newly furnished and pi pored. and tho accommodations are good. Stabling in connection. ST. CHARLES HOTEL, On tlie European 3?lan -54 to 66 North Third Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Single Rooms 50c., 75c. and $1 per day. • O. Ir*. Sclmeck, Proprietor. Excellent Dining room furnished with the best, and at reasonable rates. fWCars for all Railroad Depots within a convenient distance. National Hotel, CORTLANDT BTIIEET, NEAU BE DWAT, NEW YOII It. HOTCIIKISS k POND, - - Prop'rs. ON THE EUROPEAN PLAN. The restaurant, cafe and lunch room attached are unsurpassed for cheapness and excellence of service Rooms 50 cts. to $2 per day, 93 to $lO per week. Convenient to all ferries and city railroads. NOW I'UBMITCBE, NEW MANAGE MENT. janls-ly -J-HE SBHREIBER HOUSE. L- NICKLAS, Prop'., MAIN STREET, BUTLER, PA. Having taken uoi-eseion of the above well known Hotel, and it being furnished in the best of style for the accomodation of guests, the public are respectfully invited to give me a call. I have also possesion of the barn in roar of hotel, which furnishes excellent stabling, ac comodations for mv patrons. L. NICKLAS. JAMES J. CAMPBELL, County Cwvonev. Oflice in Fairview borough, in Telegraph Office. janis] BALDWIN P. 0.. Butler Co., Pa. PKUItIH AltMOlt, Justice of tlie Peace, Muin street, opposite Postoflicc, JlylO ZF.LIENOPLE, PA. Union Woolen Mills. I would desire to call the attention of the public to the Unioti Woolen Mill, Butler, Pa., where I have new and improved machinery for the manufacture of Barred and Oray Flannels, Knitting and Weaving Tarns, and I can recommend them as being very dura ble, as they are manufactured of pure Butler county wool. They aro beautiful in color, su perior in texture, and will be sold at very low prices. For samples and prices, address, H. KULLERTON, jn124.'78-ly) Butler. Pa HT3 2 MC! 13 stops, 3 set Heeds, 2 Knee Swells. Stool, Book, only $87.50. 8 Stop Organ. Stool. Book, only $5.1.75. Piano-", Stool, Cover. Book. *l9O to $255. Illus trated catalogue fiee. Address apl4-3m W. C. BUNNELL, Lewistown, Pa. BEAVER FALLS ACADEMY. A new institution of learning, will open in Beaver Falls, Pa., on the 12th of SEPTEMBER, 1880. Thorough preparation for COLLEGE, PRO FESSIONAL STUDIES OR BUSINESS. Mod ern languages a speciality. TERMS REASONA BLE, including textlx>oks and stationery. Applications should be sent before the Ist of. September. Catalogues can be had at the CITIZEN office Fullest information to be obtained bv addressing PRO. H. C. MUELLER, aug2s-3t BEAVER FALLS, PA. BUTLER, PA., WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER G, 1880 TARR YTO WN'S CEN TEN SI A L. The Critical Moment of the American Revolution. In the month of September, 1780, the prospects of the independence of the thirteen colonies of America were not encouraging. More than five years had elapsed since the outbreak of tbe war, and the American arms tad as yet gained but a single important vic tory, that of Saratoga, which had lieen chiefly due to the unexampled valor of Major-General Benedict Arnold. The other leading battles or sieges of tbe war had been either decided British victories like the battles of Long Island, Washingti n Heights, Brandywine, Germantown, Charleston and Camden, or indecisive engage ments like Bunker Hill and Mon mouth, while the undoubted American success, such as Bennington, Trenton, Princeton and Stony Point had been on a comparatively small scale. It was very doubtful whether an actual ma jority of the citizens of the thirteen colonies had ever been in favor of in dependence, and there could be no question that the bitter experience ol five years of financial ruin, legislative incompetence and military failures had turned the scale in favor of peace with England upon the best attainable terms. A GLOOMY PROSPECT. Washington had confessed under his own hand more than a year before that the American cause was "on the brink of destruction," and since then the greater part of tbe Southern States had been lost by the unsuccessful advance of Cornwallis. True, an alliance had been effected with France, and war had been declared upon England by Spain and Holland, but the latter two Powers rendered no direct aid to the struggling colonies, and France had too long been considered a deadly enemy of the colonies for the mass of the peo ple to place any implicit confidence in the loyality of her friendship. It was instinctively and correctly felt that France could only be animated by a desire of revenge against Great Bri tain, that her aims in America would be directed to a reconquest of Canada and the Ohio Valley and assuring for herself the control of the fisheries. Rather than submit to the vassalage of the hereditary enemy many patriots felt that it would be advisable to come to terms with the mother country. England, for her part, was in a concil iatory mood and had offered by her commissioners reconciliation far more favorable than the demands of the American patriots themselves at the outbreak of the war. These facts, while they cannot palliate the treason of General Arnold to his flag and his hon or as a soldier, go far to explain how it was possible that an intelligent man, who had been a fervent patriot, could in September, 1780, consider the cause of independence so far ruined that he expected to terminate the war by his perfidious act and could hope to exert a decisive influence upon his country men by his proclamations and ad dresses. The career of General Arnold had been, in a military sense, the most brilliant of any officer. There is no reason to doubt the fervency of his patriotism at the outset and up to with in a short period of his treason. Nor need it lie questioned while the imme diate incentive to bis crime was the sense of bitter personal wrong done him by the Continental Congress and by a clique of envious military rivals, he would never have taken the fatal step which has forever blighted his name and fame had he not believed that the cause of American independ ence was a lost cause. Benedict Ar nold was not a fool. He had no inten tion of forfeiting his American citizen ship, and doubtless believed that upon the expected re-establishment of peace upon the basis of colonial self-govern ment, as offered by the British Com missioners, his violation of military honor would be bailed as the General Monk of this modern restoration. The unpardonable sin of Arnold was the employment of reprobate means for hastening an end which he believed to be inevitable. A NATION'S FATE IN THE BALANCE. Had Major Andre not been arrested by the three "skinners" of Westches ter, and had he carried out his pro jected delivery of West Point to Sir Henry Clinton, it is exceedingly prob able that the war of American inde pendence would have resulted in fail ure for the colonies. Nothing succeeds like success. Had Arnold's plans not been frustrated the United States would have remained another score or two of years under the nominal rule of Bri tannia, and who can tell what far-reach ing effects this denouement would have had upon the course of the French Revolution and its consequent wars ? It is probable that the career of Na poleon Bonaparte would never have been run. For the due understanding of the military, political and personal situa tion in September, 1780, it is necessa ry to pass in rapid review the pre vious career of Benedict Arnold, and this is the more requisite since all the earlier historians have cast retrospec tive condemnation upon services of a highly meritorious character, and have imputed to him sins of which he was clearly iunocent. Not until last year has a careful examination of his military record been published from other than an utterly hostile point of view, so that the "Life" written by Mr. Isaac N. Arnold was much needed in the interest of historic truth. ARNOLD'S BUDDING TREASON. Arnold spent the spring and early summer of 1780 on leave ol absence in Connecticut for his health. It cannot now be ascertained at what time he opened treasonable correspondence with Sir Henry Clinton, the British commander in New York, but it was, doubtless, during this interval. He met General Washington at King's Ferry July 31, 1780, and was informed that he had been appointed to the command of the left wing of the Continental Army, the point of honor. Hamilton, who was present says that Arnold's countenance changed, but he made no I reply. Subsequently Arnold complain | ed of tiife wound as still disabling bim from active service in the field, and aj> j plied for the command of West Point, I which was conceded to him under date of August 3. He immediately repaired to that post, and fixed his headquar ters across the river at Beverly, the historic country seat of Colonel Bever ly Robinson. This gentleman, then in New York, was a Virginian of an em inent family, who had been a comrade of Washington in Braddoek's cam paign, twenty-five years before, and had married a Miss Phillips, of Phil lipsburgh Mauor (Tarrytown), to whose sister Washington is said to have offered marriage many years be fore. Colonel Robinson was a stauch loyalist, and probably served as the channel of correspondence between Arnold and Sir Henry Clinton —the former signing himsell "Gustavus," the latter "John Anderson." The cor respondence in behalf of Sir Henry Clinton was chiefly conducted by the brilliant young officer, Major John An dre, Adjutant General of the British army, who has before been mentioned as an admirer of Mrs. Arnold before her marriage. It is not improbable thatthe influence of Mrs. Arnold and her loyalist kinsfolk counted for a great deal precipitating him to his act of treason. By the 20th of September the plot for the surrender of West Point had so far matured as to render it necessary that there should be a personal meet ing for the final settlement of details. On that day Major Andre accepted the hazardous commission and embarked on board the British sloop-of-war Vul ture, along with Colonel Beverly Rob inson. On the night of September 21 Arnold sent a boat to the Vulture, which brought Andre to the shore un der the shadow of the mountains at a spot about six miles below Stony Point. The interview lasted several hours and was not satisfactorily com pleted when day began to dawn. Andre was then induced, much against his will, to proceed to the residence of the loyalist Joshua Hett Smith, two miles below Stony Point. There they breakfasted and continued their con ference. Meanwhile Colonel Henry Brockholst Livingston, in command of a shore-battery, thought the British sloop-of-war was venturing too close to his positions and brought some can non to bear upon her. The Vulture de scended the river, leaving Andre in a perilous dilemma at the Smith house. Arnold reassured him of his safety, gave him a pass in the name of Mr John Anderson and saw the papers containing the description of the works at West Point, the armament and dis tribution of troops safely concealed in side his stockings. Andre remained all day, September 22, at Smith's house hoping to get on board the Vulture that night, Arnold having returned to the Robinson house. Smith, however refused to take him oil* to the Vulture, fearing for his own safety, but offered to take him across the river and ac company him beyond the American posts Putting on an overcoat of Smith's above his uniform Andre started with Smith about sunset. They crossed at Kings Ferry and proceeded eight miles further to Crompond, where they were stopped by an American patrol under Captain Boyd. Arnold's pass was con sidered satisfactory, but the travellers were warned not to proceed further that night. They consequently spent the night at a cottage belonging to one Andreas Miller. The next day they breakfasted at Mrs. Sarah Underbill's farm house, near Pine's Bridge, three miles further on, and then parted, Smith assuring Andre that they were already beyoud patroling parties. Smith proceeded to Fishkill by way of the Robinson house, where he report ed to Arnold, while Andre pursued his route to New York. Just before reaching the villiage of Tarrytown he came to the junction of the road to White Plains, which Smith had ad vised him to take, but he had been in formed that the "Cow boys" or British partisians were more numerous on ihe lower road, and therefore followed it. After crossing and old bridge over the Pocantico River, close by the Dutch church, celebrated in Irving's "Legion of Sleepy Hollow," he followed the old post road for another mile, ascending a hill until he reached a small brook, now known as the Andre Brook, half a mile from the villiage. There, lying on the grass behind the bushes, were thee men playing cards. THE CAPTURE OF ANDRE. They belonged to a party of seven residents of the vicinity who had started out that morning to watch for cattle being driven toward New York. The expedition had been proposed the day before by John Yerks, of Mount Pleasant, who personally engaged John Paulding, John Dean, James Romer and Abraham William, takings out a permit from the officer in com mand at the neighboring village of North Salem. Paulding engaged his friend Isaac Van Wart, and on their way to Tarrytown they were joined by David Williams, a cousin of Van Wart. The seven men separated into two parties. Yerks with three others posting themselves between the two roads on the top of the hill now known as Mount Andre, and Paulding, Van Wart and Williams taking their posi tion l>y the brook as above mentioned. It has been asserted that these men were "skinners," or Continental ma rauders; but there is abundant evidence of their genuine patriotism. It was between ten and eleven o'clock on Saturday morning, September 2.'J, 17H0, when Andre came up with these three men. Paulding jumped up and presented his firelock at the breast of the traveller, calling to him to stand, and asking which way he was bound. Paulding had been in the Continental service, had been captured by the British and hud made his escupe from the New York Sugar House in the dress of a German yager only three days before. This dress he still wore and his circumstances led Andre to suppose him a British partisan. He accordingly said, "Geutlemen, I hope you belong to our party." "Which party '! "asked Paulding. "The lower party," replied Andre. Paulding re- plied ia the affirmative, and Andre proceeded to say that he was a British officer engaged on particular business, and hoped he would not be detained a minute. He pulled out his handsome watch, as if to corroborate his asser tion. Paulding then told him to dis mount, on which he said, with a forced laugh, "My God, I must do anything to get along," and presented .Arnold's pass to John Anderson to pass all guards to White Plains and below. He was forced to dismount, and, ag-aiust his earnest protest of Ix-ing on important business for General Arnold, was taken into the bushes and ordered to take off his outer clothing. A <•' ><■ examination of his clothes ami person was made, but no papers found. He was then told to pull oil' his boots, which he did very reluctantly, and in side his stocking were found three papers wrapped up. There were three more in the other stocking. Paulding hurriedly glanced at the papers, saw that they were plans and returns of the fortifications of West Point, and exclaimed, "My God, he is a spy!' Andre was then told to dre.-s, and while doing- so offered his captors his horse, saddle, bridle, watch and 100 guineas to be allowed to proceed. The boy Williams was inclined to ask questions as to how much money he would give and in what manner ; but Paulding at once said, "No, not for 10,000 guineas !" Andre was dressed in a blue overcoat and a tight claret colored body coat, the buttonholes be ing gold laced, with mankeen waist coat and breeches and a round hat. He was conducted to North Castle, before Lieutenant Colonel Jameson, and the captors went away without even telling their names. Jameson looked at the papers and pass in the handwriting of Arnold, and with ex traordinary obtuseness determined to send the prisoner to Arnold, under guard, with a letter stating that some papers "of a dangerous tendency" had been found on him and had been for warded to General Washington. An dre had already been sent forward when Major Tallmadge, the second in command, returned from White Plains in the evening and was filled with as tonishment that Jameson should not have suspected Arnold's fidelity. At Tallmadge's earnest request Jameson ordered tbe prisoner to be brought back, but insisted on the letter being sent on to Arnold. Next morning An dre was sent with an escort, com manded by Tallmadge, to Colonel Shel don's quarters at North Salem, and there he wrote a letter to Washington, avowing his name and rank, and briefly explaining the circumstances of his arrest. By Washington's order he was conducted to West Point, where lie remained until the 28th; was then conveyed in charge of Major Tallmadge to Tappan, where his trial took place and on October 2 his execution, events which need not hero be dwelt upon in detail. ARNOLD'S ESCAPE TO TIIE VULTURE. Returning briefly to the affairs of Arnold, it had been arranged that the sham attack upon West Point should be made on September '25, while Washington was absent at Hartford to meet the French officers. Washington however, set out on his return two days' earlier than was expected, and on that eventful morning was ap proaching West Point from the east, having sent on a message that he, with jjKnox and Lafayette, would breakfast with General Arnold at the Robinson house Before arriving, however, Washington determined to turn off to inspect the defences east of the Hudson, but the two younger of ficers kept on and sat down to break fast with General and Mrs. Arnold. The General was naturally grave and thoughtful. In tbe midst of the break fast a horseman galloped to the door, bringing Jameson's letter to Arnold announcing the capture of "John An derson" and the forwarding of his sus pecious papers to General Washington. Arnold glanced at the letter at the table, saw that all was lost, and with surprising self-control excused him self for a moment to his guests, or dered his horse instantly, hurriedly embraced his wife, to whom he an nounced the necessity of flight, and leaving her senseless on her bed, mounted his horse and galloped down the steep hill to Beverly Dock, where his six oared barge was moored. Fortunately for him the Vulture was lying just below Verplanck's Point. Arnold seized the pistols from his holster's sprang into the barge and ordered the oarsmen to pull into the middle of the river anil then row with speed for Teller's Point. After com ing in sight of the Vulture he raised a white handkerchief and with pistols in hand ordered the boatmen to row directly to the Vulture. Springing upon the deck of that schooner he sought an interview with the com mander, then coming on deck called to his bargemen and announced that he had "quitted the rebel army and joined the standard of His Britannic Majesty." at the same time endeavoring to bribe them to remain by the offer of promo tion, an offer which only two accepted. The treason of Arnold was consum mated, and we shall not further follow his career as an officer in British pay, leading expeditions to the Virginian anil Connecticut coasts, and subse quently wearing away his life in ignominy until his death at London June 14, IHO 1, aged sixty years. Suf fice it to say that numerous and re spectable descendants are now living in England and Canada, and that a grandson, Rev. Edwin Gladwin Ar nold, rector of Great Massingham, Norfolk, England, supplied Mr. Isaac N. Arnold with important data and documents for the Arnold biography. The captors of Arnold—Paulding, Van Wart and Williams—lived honor ed lives near the scene of their exploit and were the recipients of medals and pensions from Congress. The new State of Ohio some years later gave their names to three counties on her northwestern frontier. Paulding died at Peckskil! February IS. ISIB, aged sixty years. He had twenty-three children, one of whom was Admiral Hiram Paulding. James K. Paulding the novelist, was a near relative. A sumptuous monument to Paulding was dedicated at Peckskill November 22, 182", by the Common Council of New York. The old Paulding house still stands on Water street, Tarrytown. Van Wart died May 23, 1828, aged sixty-nine vears, and is buried in Grecnburg churchyard, beneath a hand some marble monument dedicated June 11, 182!'. Ilis son, Rev. Alexander Van Wart, lives at l'leasantville, Westchester county, aged eighty-one years. David Williams settled at Broome, Schoharie county, in 1806, anil died there August 2, 1831, age.i seventy-seven years. lie was buried with military honors at Livingston ville. nud his remains removed July 19, 1870, to the old stone fort at Schoharie, where a monument was commenced in that yar by order of the State Legislaiu e. Seven of his grandchildren are living, four <>f them in Schoharie county. A nephew of Paulding, nameil Thomas P. Paulding, is living at Crystal Springs, Yates county, and possessed until a few days ago the original musket used by his uncle at the Andre capture. This relic lie sold on the 11th inst., to Mr. Fred erick H. Furniss for the Historical Society of Seneca county. sha l l tu i: i >:: mo ait a tic PARTY BE it i:.S TUh LIL) TO PO WE It ? EDITORS CITIZEN :—T.e Republicau paity has been in posses.-ion of the Executive Department of the Govern ment for aboil" twenty years. During thi long period it has dea t with many great and trying questions. It success fully guided the country through prob ably the most gigantic civil war of an cient or modern times whereby 4,000, 000 of human beings were liberated from the cruel chaius of slavery. Jn dealing with this question we have no other way of better showing why the Republican party should not be dis placed and the Democratic party re stored, than by comparing the record f the former with that of the latter when it was in power. At their Na tional Convention at Chicago, on the 29th of August, 18t>4, the Democratic party declared the war a failure mid demanded an immediate cessation of hostilities. A Democratic Supreme Court held the draft act unconstitution al; and Democratic judges . nil legisla tures held it unconstitutional for sol diers in the army to vote. Of course the loyal wing of the Democratic party rendered valuable aid in suppressing the rebellion, and thousands of them from i ll the principal States in the north rushed to the defense of their country's flag. Hut the copperheads of the north, every one of whom was in the Democratic party, largely outnum bered their patriotic fellow Democrats, who went into the war and fought side by side with the Republicans. The Democrats very often claim that there were as many Democrats in the Union army as Republicans. This is ut terly false. Twelve States in which the soldiers voted in IX(>4 showed that there were east 11'»,887 votes for Lin coln, and 3.'5,748 for McClellan. The Kansas, Minnesota and a portion of the Vermont vote was received too late to be counted. It is now fifteen years since the war closed, but the same old forces still confront each other. So long as the States recently in rebellion re main united, presenting a solid front, so long are their late adversaries bound in patri >tic prudence to retain an op posing and watchful organization. If the Southern States are not see or hoping to obtain some sectional advan tage for themselves, jvhicb they think the rest of the country would not wil lingly grant, why do they all, without a single exception, still hold together? Why do they not break up as would be natural for them to do into new combinations on other issues? One thing is certain, and that is, they have some object in view which will he made known when they see their \r \y clear to accomplish. In regard to the rebel claims, the Democrats say it is absurd to suppose, that in ease of Hancock's election, these claims will be paid, since one of the amendments to the constitu tion hars the payment of all such claims. But it does no such thing. Says the Hon. John .lav, in his recent admira ble article on the "Presidential Elec tion:" We have been reminded that the constitutional amendments were not ratified by a single Democratic leg islature; that in some cases tin; certifi cate given by a Republican Legislature was revoked by a succeeding legislature; and that, apart from the question of its doubtful validity, the prohib tion of the payment of the rebel debt does not for bid the payment of southern claims." If, as the northern Democrats a sert, these claims are not to be paid, one ■night naturally ask why it is that these claims, amounting to over $i 50 ),000,000, have been so carefully collected, probated before the State of ficers, and kept alive for collection? All the southern States have aided in the collection of these data, provided books for their preservation, and done other acts to assist the claimants. Is there no significance in all this '! Four years ago Mr. Tildeu positively declar ed that he would sign no bill for the payment of any southern claim, and in consequence of this he lost the electoral votes of three southern States in the election of I*7o. The Democratic par ty has always opposed free and f-iir elections. In the southern States there have apparently disappeared from the face of the earth a half a million of Re publican voters in the last few years. The Democrats are crying change, change! change!! Hut they can't give y<>u any reason for a change niily just that they know we ought to have a change. They say that twenty years of continuous power would make any party corrupt. Now, is this the case ? Compare the la~t year of Democratic executive administration with the pres ent R publican administration, and you will find that the loss to the Treasury l»v the defalcation of public officers was jCS 81 on every SI,OOO, while under 1 the present Republican administration it is one-third of a cent on SI,OOO or one cent on $.'5,000. This shows that there was 7'>2 times as much lost in the collection of every SI,OOO under the last year of the Democratic administra tion than under the present Republican administration. The present adminis AMYi:iITISI\<; UATEN. Ono square, ono insertion, $1 : oicli mibse qtient insertion. 50 cents. Yeirlv ad\crtiten enta exceeding one-fourth of a column. >5 per mcli. work double these rntef; additional clurges where weekly or monthly cbanpes r la wade. Local advertisenu tits lu cult ixjr J:na for tirst insertion, and Stouts per line (or each additional insertion. Marriages and death* pub lished free of charge. Obituary notices charged as adveiUt-einents, and payable uhen handed in Auditors' Notices. *4 ; Executors' and Adminia trators' Notices. 43 eich; Kstrav, Caution ana Dissolution Notices, not exceeding ten lines, each. From the fact that the CITIZEN is the olden 4 established and most extensively circulated l'a publican newspaper in Dutler county, (a ltepub licaii county) it must be apparent* to business men that it is the medium they should use iu advertising their business. NO. 45 tration"has effected a striking reduction of the expenses of those branches over which the executive has complete con trol. While the revenues of the Gov ernment have enormously increased, the expenditures have been largely di minished. The expense of collecting $188,000,000 customs during the last ti>cal year was just one-half of what it cost to collect $53,000,000 in 18(50 un der President Buchanan. On the Ist of July last there was returned to the Treasury $2,000,000 of money that had been saved out of the appropriations for the collection of the customs reve nue. And of the money appropriated for various other departments there was returned to the Treasury and carried to the surplus fund on the 30th of June 1880, $9,434,416 which remained un expended. Now does any one believe tiiat a Democratic administration, con trolled by "the South," would attain these results during the next four years? In 1875—the last year the Re publicans had a majority in both hous es—the appropriations were $147,714,- 940. At the following session the Democrats controlled the House, and by refusing to appropriate for some of the most necessary expenses of the government, reduced the appropria tions to $124,122,010, and the follow ing year, in order to coerce the Presi dent, by a failure to pass the Army Rill, and to provide for other necessa ry expenses, they redu.ed the appro priations to $88,350,983, but at the fol lowing session, to make good these de ficiencies, and repair the faults com mitted, they appropriated $172,016,- 809, being $25,000,000 more than was appropriated in 1876; and in 1880 they appropriate $162,404,647; and for 1871 they have appropriated $154,118,- 212, or $7,000,000 more than the ap proiations made the last year the Re publicans were in power. Of the $30,- 255,683,9G3 of receipts and expendi tures of the public moneys since the formation of the government, the losses and defalcations on $4,719,481,157, pre vious to 1861 were annually from $2.20 on a SI,OOO to $11.71 ; while cn the $25,57 i,202,805 since 1861, the losses and defalcations have been annually on SI,OOO from 34 to 76 cents, but for the four years ending June 30, 1880, $467,080,885 of Internal Revenue taxes have been collected and paid into the Treasury without the lo.is of a single cent. Now, does this show that twen ty years of power wiil corrupt any par ty ? Is not the Republican party purer and cleaner to day than it ever has been ? Under the present administra tion Resumption has been accomplish ed, bringing with it joy and happiness to every household throughout the land ; our national debt is being rapid ly pai - off; we are enjoying an era of wonderful prosperity, and are now tak ing the lead of the nations of the world in the grand march of human progress. Which part}* as we now look back should receive the support of the peo ple ? Which has best served the coun try, guarded its honor and advanced its glory '! These are the questions to be decided by the great jury of the American people of which each oue of you is a member, on ihe 2nd of Novem ber next. Upon your verdict rests the future prosperity of this country. T. M. B. PITTSBURGH, September 27, 1880. AMERICAN GLASS MAKING. The first glass factory in America was erected in 1609 near Jamestown, Ya., and the second followed in the same colony twelve years later. In 1639 some acres of ground were grant ed to glassmen in Salem, Mass., pro bably the first year of the industry which was prosecuted there for many years. The first glass factory in Penn sylvania was built near Philadelphia in 1683. under the direction of Wm. Penn, but it did not prove successful. The first glass factory west of the Al legheuies was set up by Albert Gal latin and his associates in 1785, at New Geneva, on the Monogahela river, near I't sburgh, in 1790, and another in 1795. The earlier attempt failed, the later was quite successful. In IBio there were twenty-two glass fac tories in the country, with an annual product valued at $1,047,000. There are now about five times as many factories, producing eight times as much glass. According to the returns received under the recent census, our Hint glass factories turn out 210,554 tons of table and other glassware ; and the window-glass works produce 2,- 544,440 boxes. The total value of the product is nearly $45,750,000. AFTER GRADUATION.—A few years ago a young man of promise was grad uated at Harvard University. He de termined to become a cotton manufac turer Instead of relying rpon his general education, and waiting for an opening, as many of his classmates did, he began at once to prepare specially for the business he had chosen, by en tering a machine shop as a workman— making full hours and acquainting him self with e cry part of the machinery of a cotton mill. From the machine shop he went into the cotton mill, and bv hard work and close attention rap idly acquired a thorough knowledge of all tin- processes of cotton manufacture. While some of his class mates were waiting and looking for an opening in business, and others were with difficul ty filling subordinate positions, he was rapidly rising, step, by step, until he is, to-day, in charge of one of the larg est cotton mills in New Kngland, with ample salary, and what is better, is (list harging the duties of his position with great satisfaction to the company lie serves— Providence (It. I.) jour nal. Converts to Mormonism arriving in this country recently are mostly from Kngland and Scotland. Sixty million bushels of wheat and eleven million gallons of wine will be among the products of California this season. John M \1 auger, of Pottstown, Pa., who is eighty years of age, uf-esa razor that has been in the family two hun dred years. An elephant, travelling in a car next the locomotive on an Indiana railroad, opened the tank, drank all the water, and so compelled the train to stop.