BUBUCBIPTIOSr BATES:
Per year, in advance •! SO
Otherwise 3 00
So subscription will be discontinued until all
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notilT ui when tubucribera do not take out their
papers will be held liable for the subscription.
Sub-cribere removing from one postoffioe to ,
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All communications intended for publication
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a gnawitee of good faith.
Marriage and death notices moist be accompa-
Died by a responsible name.
AddiM
TDK 81/Tf.KE CITIZfcM,
BCTLER. PA.
TRAVELERS' GUIDE.
BDTLBR, KARSS CITT A*D PARKER RAILBOAI
(Hutl<rr Timr.)
Train* lenre Butler for St. Joe, Miller»towr
K m* City, Pclr«lia, Parker, etc., at T.i'i a m
au<l 205 and 7 20 p. ra. [Si** below lor con
nectiaoi with A. V H K.J
Trains arri*e at Butler from the above naroei
points at 7.15 a. m.. r.nd 1.55, and 6.55 p. ra
The 155 train connect* with traiu on the Was
Pcnn rood ihrcujfh to Piiu^urgh.
ANEIISCI I<ID ALI.EOHENT RAII.ROAD.
Train- leave Milliard'* Mill, Butler county
lor Harrisviile. Greenville, etc., at 7.40 a. m
arid 12.20 and 2.20 p. ID.
State* leave Petrolia at 5.30 a m. lor i.V
train, and at 10X0 a. m. for 12.20 tram.
Keturn #ta_<-s leave Hilllard on antral o
trains at 10.27 a, m. and 1.50 p. in.
State leaves Martinsburg at 9.30 for 12.
train.
RAILROAD.
Train* leave Butler (Butler or Pitttbnrgh Time.
Market at 5.08 a. m. t goes through to Alle
gh :ny, arriving ut 'J OI a. m. Thi» train con
ects at Freeport with Pre* port Aecommoda
tion, which arrives at Allegheny at 8.20 a. in.
railroad time.
F.xpreu at 7.21 a. m., connecting at Bullei
Junction, without change of cars, at 8.20 with
Kx|..efr« we»t, arriving In Allegheny at V..V:
a. rn., and Expreus east arriving at BUiraville
at 11 00 a. m. railroad time.
Mail -it 2.30 p. m., connecting at Butler June
tlonwr;thout change of cars, with Express west,
arriving in Allegheny at 526 p. in., and Ex
press east arriving at Blairsviile Intersection
at 6.10 p. m. railroad time, which connects w'th
Philadelphia Expn-ta east, when on time.
The 721 a. m train connect* st Blalrsvillf
at 11 05 a. tn. with the Mail east, and the 2.3fl
p.m. train at GM with Hie Philadelphia Ex
pre** irnj»t.
Train* arrive at Boil*r on We*t Feun 11. R. at
8.51 a. rn., 5 0B and 7.20 p. m., Butler lime. The
9,51 and 5.00 train* connect with trains on
th Be tier A Parker B. R. Sun ay train arrives
st Butter at 11.11 a. m., connecting with train
lor Parker.
Main Line.
Through trains leave tMisbargh lor the Eat'
st 2.50 and 8.30 a. rn. and 12 51, 4.21 ar.d S.OO p.
tn., arriving at Philadelphia at 3.40 and 7.20
p. rn and 3.00, 7.0- and 7.40 a. in.; at Baltimore
about the *an.e time, at New York throe honr*
later, and at Washington about one and a hall
hours later.
PHYSICIANS.
JOHN E. BYERS,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
m>2l-ly] BUTLEK, PA.
DENTISTS.
DE2STTISTRT.
o|/ WALDRON, (Jmduate o» the Phil
■ sdelphia Dental College, 1* prepared
• II sto do anything in the line of his
profession in a satisfactory manner.
Office on Main street, Butler, Union Block,
up stairs, apll
BANKS.
THE BdTLER
SAVINGS BANK
II UT L EH. PA.
NJCARLY OPPOSXTK LOWBT IIOUSIS.
CAPITAL STOCK" 60,000.
W*. CAWPBRIX, JAS. D. A*r>r.nsow,
President. Vice President.
W*. CAWWIEJ.I., Jr., Cashier.
niRCCTORI
William Campbell, J. W. Irwin,
it*. D. Andemon, George Weber,
Joseph L. Purvis.
Does a General Banking 4 Exchange business.
Interest paid on time deposit*. Collections made
and prompt returns at low rates of Exchange.
Gold Exchange and Government Bonds bought
and nold. Commercial paper, bond*, Judgment
and other securities bought at fair rates f tritely
LAND FOB SALE.
FOIi HALE.
A handsome six-room frame house, located
on Hlutl street, northwestern part of Butler.
I»t 50x174. All neccasary outbuildings.
TERMS—Or.e-Ibird cash and balance In four
eqa.il annual payments. Inquire at this office.
j*n)4tl
For teale.
The well-improved farm of Rev. W. R. flntch
leon.in the northeast comer of Mi'lJlesex town
ship, Butler county, I'a., is now offere<l for sale,
low. Inquire of W. K. FHIHBEE, on the prem
ises. aplOtf
I<)11 HALI:.
95 will buy a one-half interest In n good bus
iness in Piiubnrgb, One who knows some
thing about farming preferred. An honest man
with the above amount will do well to address
by letter. SMITH JOHNS, care H. M. James,
M Liberty street; PRtsburgb, Fa. |au27-ly
INSURANCE!
Incorporated
>ETNA INSURANCE COMPANY
OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.
Asels 17.078,224.4 a.
Losses paid In 81 yesrs, 151,000,000.
J. T. McJL'NKIN A HON, Agents,
Jan2Bly Jeflerson street, Butler, Pa.
BUTLER COUNTY
Mutual Fire Insurance Co.
Office Cor. Main and Cunningham Sts.
G. €. ROESBINO, PRMIDEHT.
WM. CAMPBELL, TRKABURKR.
H. C. HEINEMAN, SKCRKTAHT.
DIRECTORS:
J. L. Fnrrls, | E. A. Helmboldt,
William ('ampl>ell, J. W. Burkhart,
A. Trontinan, Jacob ftchoene,
(i. 0. Roesslng, John Caldwell,
Dr. W. Irvin, ; W. W. Dodds,
J. W. Christy I H- C. Heine man.
JAS, T. M'JUNKIN, Gen, A«c't
.BTTTLER FA.
NOTICE TO FARMEBS.
PHOSPHATE AND FERTILIZERS
FOIt HALE BY
JAMES ENGLISH,
marl7-2m PORTERHVILI.E, PA.
HENRY G. HAI.K,
FINE mm TAILOR,
COR. PENN AMD SIXTH HTREKTH,
J'ittuhuryh Pa
IS. lioen^ing,
[Huccesscr to A. C. Roesslng A Bro.J
DEALER IN
Groceries,
GRAIN, FLOUR, FEED, OIL,
-AND-
Anthraoite Goal.
THE HIGHEST MARKET PRICE PAID IS
irOABH-«
108 QIiAIN or ALL KINDS.
Mpitl
VOL. XVII.
BOOTS and SHOES
AL. RUFF'S
TJxVIOrV BLOCK,
Main Street, » - - Butler, Pa.
I have just received my entire Spring and Summer stock of BOOTS and
SHOES direct from the manufacturer, and am able to pell them at
OLD PRICES,
and a great many lines at LOWER PRICES THAN EVER.
Ladies', Misses' and Children's Button, Polish and Side Lace Boots in
endless variety, and at bottom prices.
Reynolds Brothers' celebrated fine Shoes always in stock, and is the most
complete I have ever offered. The prices are lower than ever, and styles
elegant.
Parties wanting BOOTS Ac SHOES made to order can do no better than
by me, as I keep none but the l>est of workmen in my employ.
LEATHER and FINDINGS will be found in my store in superior
quality and at lowent market rates.
ISTAII goods warranted as represented. AWj. RUFF,
OPENING DAILY
A.T
B. L HOSELTOIfS,
THE LARGEST AND BEST ASSORTMENT OF
Boots and Shoes
To be found in any House In Western Pennsylvania, em
bracing all the Newest Spring Styles in the Market.
j, I am selling all this stock at
gjßif^>LDPfflro.:s
WmSmW Rrnlh'i, NO ADVANCE,
Several lines of Boots and Shoes at even lower prices than ever. All my
customers have the benefit in buying by Boots and Shoes
that come direct from the manufacturer to my house.
No middle profits to divide up that parties
are compelled to pay that buy
from jobbing houses.
This Stock of Boots nnd Shoes is Wry Large in the Following Lines
Ladies' Kid and Pebble Button Boots, - - SI. fi(> arid upwards.
" " " " Side Lace Boots, ... 1.25 "
" Grain, Pebble and Kid Button and Polish, - J.2f> " "
" Polish, % "
" " Standard, very prime, ------ 1.2.0 " "
" Serges, in Congress arid Polish, - - - - 7.0 to sl.
" Calf Peg Shoes, ull warranted.
MY STOCK KM ISBAC'ES, IN CONNECTION WITH TIIK ABOVE, A Ft t,t, LINK <>F A LI.
THE FINF.II (JRABEH IN WO.MKN'H, MISSKS' ANI» CHILDREN'H.
The CJriilw* Ilrpnrf iiK'iit is very complete in every line in Calf
Button, Dom i'edros, Congress and English Walking Shoes, and especially in
Calf Boots, at $2 and upwards,
Brogans and Plow Shoes, at $1 and upwards,
Fine Buff Alexis and Congress, at $1.2.0 and upwards,
Low Strap Shoes, in every style, at $1 25 and upwards.
Boys' and Youths' Shoes in same styles as Men's, but lower in price.
Infants' and Children's Shoes, in Colors and Black.
Fancy Slipper 3 and Walking Boot 3, All Colors.
This stock is the most complete I have ever offered, the prices are
than ever, and the styles are elegant. Ladies' Kid and Pebble Button New- 1
ports, good, $1 to $1.25.
LARGE STOCK. OF LEATHER AHO FINDINGS
Always in stock. None but the best brands of Leather kept, and prices guar
anteed at lowest market rates.
me a call and I will save you money in yoiM- Moots and Shoes.
A careful inspection of this stock will convince you tbut the above is correct.
No other house can give you lower prices or better goods.
B. C. HPSSLTON.
CAKI'KTS! OIL CLOTHS! MATS! IUJGS! STAIII RODS
| NEW STOCKt NEW STOCK! >
| HECK & PATTERSON S g
! NEW CARPET ROOM §
w isrow
Ctfi® Ptotop South of thfcto Clothing House, 5
a* H
Dully'M Blovk, •Bptao-tr Kuflcr, Pa. S
O —— M mmmmm—mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm MM M l£z
isxvw isiLLo r i:> r no
Union Woolen Mills.
I wonid de*lre to fall the attention of the
public to the Union Woolen Mill, I'.utler, I'a.,
where I have now ami Improved machinery for
the maimfacture of
Barred ana Or«y Flannoln,
Knitting and Weaving Yarns,
" Mid I can recommend Ultra ax b«ing very dura
ble, an they are manufactured of \mri> lintler
county wool. They are beautiful In color, *u
l>erior in texture, and will be sold at very low
price*. For aainple« and price*, addraaa,
11. FULLKIITON,
Ju134,'78-iy) Uutler. I'a
HO ft fl 18 atop*, 3 net lteed*, 'J Knee
" UnUtJ\laM Hwella, Htool, Hook, only
*87.60. 8 Stop Organ, Htool. Hook, only W6.75.
Piano*, Htool, Cover, Book, *IOO to 126 G. Illua
trated oataJogue free. Addree*
apll-8m W. 0. BUNNELL, LewUtowu, i'a.
! Stock Specula! ion and Invwlmcnl.
Operation* on Marxin or by Privilege*. Hpe
clal biiMiiu MM In Mining Htocl>*. KIIII particular*
on application. .(AMKM MiIOWN, I'ealcr in
Mock* ami Ilondn, 04 .t I'AI iiroadway, Now York.
marl7-Urn
Forty Dollars Reward.
IIOKHK HTOIJ4N.
On Tm-wlfty night, April 27th, then? wii*
■toicn from the premlw* of the auhiwribcr,
living in I'cnn townahip, Hutlcr comity, I'a., a
ilurk bnv borne, *i* year* old, weigh* between
1,300 and 1,400 pound*, Miiall *tar on the fore
head, ahoulden xomewhat aore from the wear
of the collar. A reward of S4O will lie paid for
information that will lead to the recovery of
' theliorae. IIARVY OHIIOKN,
niy V3t. Glade Mill*, I*. O. ilutler Co. i'a, |
BDTLER, PA., MEDKIbLAY,
, C. WATTLEY&CO
ARE DATLY RECEIVING
Fresh and Seasonable Goods!
SUCH AS
Spring Gloves,
Cotton and Li ah' Threat} Hone,
Fringes, Trimmings, Buttons,
Ribbons,
Laces, Embroideries,
Handler I kiefs,
Lace and Embroidered Ties,
Summer Underwear,
Elegant Neck wear for Men,
AND FULL STOCK OF
Ladies and Men's Furnishing Goods.
t3T~()ur Increased K<MIIH enables us t" FIVE ptu
chasers the very best value fur tlieir money.
G WATTTEY &CQ.
100 FEDERAL ST. ALLEGAENY CITY PA.
OPPOSITE FILLFT NATIONAL BAN K.
THE
Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St, Louis
BAILAVAYCO.
I MM I
Offer* the beat facilities and nioet COMFORTABLE
an<L expeditions Line for families
MOVING to points in
ARKANSAS,
TEX A « ,
OOIJO^^DO,
NEBRAyK A,
CALIFORNIA,
OR ANY OF THI; WESTERN STATES AND
TERRITORIES.
THE VKKY LOWFST RATKN
TO ALL POINTS IN THK
WEST & SOUTH-WEST
CAN ALWAYS BE BECUKEI) VIA THK
OLD RKLIABLK
PAN-HANDLK BOUTB.
Tickets Sold and Baggage Checked
THROUGH TO ANY POINT YOU WAIST TO 00.
We offer you the Lowest Rates, the Quickest
Time, the HOT Facilities and the most Satisfac
tory Route to all point* West and South-west.
We run no Emigrant Trains. All clauses ot
Passengers are carried on regular Express
Trains.
If you arc unable to procure Through Tick
ets to |>oints in Missouri, Arkansas, Texas, Kan
sas, Colorado, Wisconsin, Minnesota, lowa, Ne
braska or < aliloriiia, by the direct "I'AN-L! AN
DLE ROUTE," at your nearest Railroad Sta
tion, please address
W. ■
Gen'l Passenger. Agent, 'Pan-Handle Route,'
COLUMBUS, OHIO.
ST. CHARLES HOTEL,
On the European JPlari
54 to 66 North Third Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.
Single Rooms 50c., 7F>c. an<i $1 PER
•lay.
O. lr*. Sclineck, Proprietor.
Excellent Dining 1 room furnished
with the best, ami at reasonable rates.
IWC trs for all Railroad Depots
within a convenient distance.
BUTLER TOWNS HIP AUDITORS
REPORT.
HCIFOOI. KURD.
W. 11. Martin, Treasurer, of the School fund in
account with School Hoard of Kutlcr town
ship, for IM7!>, Dlt.
Amount received from Adam Schenck
collector oi LK7I» * WW 4.1
State appropriation 255 03
Total $1,142 (Hi
CR.
Ily teachers orders !•> 750 (XI
Paid for coal, AC..,, 5)1 K(i
Contingencies 40 41
Stoves and pipe, Ac 23 4">
Repairing and lumber I'l 50
J. Ilinchlierg, services clerk. 10 20
Collectors percentage 4<l 'I'I
W. 11. Martin, treas'r sMary. 13 IX)
Refunded taxes 14 ",0
Auditors' fee and pub'g II 50
Hal. due from former set'm't 75 K4
Hal. 11l bands of Treasurer... H2 25
Audited June sth, IMO.
KOAD TAX.
Account of K. M. Doll'ort and Elias Iteek, su
pervisors of Hutler township, for the year
IS7«, DR.
Amount of Duplicate FD.MIH W>
CR.
Worked taxes 11,741 45
Unworked taxes 2.'! IH»
Percentage SO !»2
Exonerations on duplicates... 4!' 33
Audited April L.'tlh, I ISO.
HPK' IAL TAX.
Account of special tax of IH7!F, for the Adams
case, DR.
To ain't of H. M. Duffort's and Klias
Heeks Duplicates $ !i22 II
CR.
Money paid on Adams eaM\..s 724 71
Plank, posts, board*, nails Ac SH 5!I
Collectors iiercentage 41 (14
Money in Collectors bands... .'ls 12
Uncollected money. 211 05
.* J122 II
Audited April 13th, ISBO. »
POOR TAX.
Overseers of the Poor iu account with llutlcr
township for the year IK7!>.
DR.
To balance from farmers Overseers * 21 02
" " from collector of IH7H 150 55
" " from collector of IB7L> 400 00
&-.71 57
CR.
Support Mrs. Millison $ 20 50
" Mrs. Miller 12li 35
" Mrs. HIRIITB 122 13
" Wanderlies 105 K2
" Cross and Young If 4S
" ('oobert. 3 3H
Paid for medicine 1 70
Fare to < HI < 'ily •> 3D
Auditors fee 3 00
.». Keck Eso 2 (SI
Paid .1. W. Ihirhirnr for servi
ccs as overseers 31 50
Paid WM. Colwell for services
a< overseers 31 110
Paid for auditing and publish
ing II 5(1
Paid Wauderly and Miller for
clothing (> SM
Pittance due from treasury 711 13
$57J 57
Audited April 12, |XH(|.
ADAM HCIIKNCK, I .... R .
ALFRED SARVER. I A,,,|,T " R,, •
1J LVTL! I I/ \ C R I"*' FV Holdler disabled
hlNnn/iNniin in.c „r duty, i, y
wound, disease or injury, Is entitled to a |MI,*IOII.
pension* date I,UCK to time or DISCHARGE or death
of soldier. Claims of all descriptions prosecuted.
Copies of lost DLMCLMRUC* olitalncd. Claims tiled L>y
Attorneys who have since died, or from other
, iiuses have CEASED to practice, Itnlshcd without
delay. Address, with stamp,
II K. Ill, 1(1,1 N At CO.. Attorneys,
INYOKTUIJ I'. O. Ikix, Ml, Washington, D. C.
TIIE FOUNDER OF THE PRE.S-
B Y TEIIIA N Cli UR CH IX
BUTLER PRESBYTERY.
BY A. L. O. B
The Rev. John McPherrin was born
in York now Adams county, Nov. 15,
1757. His father was a ruling elder
in the Presbyterian church of lower
Marsh Creek. lie learned the langua
ges preparatory to his going to college,
under Bev. Robert Smith, I). L)., of
Peguea, and graduated May 7th, 1788,
at Dickinson College, Carlisle, during
the presidency of the Rev. Dr. Nesbit.
He studied Theology under the direc
tion of the Rev. John Clark, pastor of
Bethel, Allegheny county, Pa. He
was licensed to preach the gospel Au
gust 20th, 17.89, by the Presbytery of
Redstone, and ordained and installed
by the same Presbytery, pastor of the
united congregations of Salem and
Unity in Westmoreland county, Pa.,
on the 23rd of September, 1790. Dr.
McMillan presided at his ordination,
and Rev. James Fiuley give the charge.
He labored with great success in these
congregations for years. The work of
the church in America before his time
had been largely of a missionary char
acter, and Mr. McPherrin possessed
this missionary spirit in a great degree.
Accordingly we find him in 1797 mak
ing his first trip through Butler county,
and then his mind was fixed upon it as
possibly his future field of labor, though
at that time he was only passing thro'
it on a missionary tour, to the region
bordering on Lake Erie and extending
west nearly as far as Fort Wayne. He
remembered, and believed the promise,
"They that dwell in the wilderness
shall bow before him," and did every
thing in his power to hasten the spread
of the gospel. In after years wo find
him actively engaged in the same work
—he was one of the editors of the
"Western Missionary Magazine," a
monthly published for a few years. In
1799 he visited Butler county again,
when he organized his first churches in
it. June 25th, 1800, lit; resigned the
charge at Unity, and on the 20th of
April, 180.'5, that of Salem, having ac
cepted a call from two congregations in
Butler county. Soon after this he pur
chased a farm—the town of Sunbury
now occupies a part of that farm. In
the fall of 1804 he brought his family.
A description of their journey would
no doubt IK; of interest if there were
time and space to give it. There were
no bridges and very few roads. Mr.
and Mrs. McPherrin came on horseback,
Mrs. McPherrin carrying the youngest
child, and her husband the next in age;
the older children came with the wag
ons that brought their goods. They
had to bring as much as possible with
them as there was no place to buy; even
medicines had to Be brought, and Mr.
M. always kept a little chest of stand
ard mediciues and Apothecaries weights
for weighing them, the nearest doctor
for many years being thirty miles dis
tant. Kven the town of Butler was in
woods; tie natural forest still remain
ed at what is now the corner of Main
and Jefferson streets, where the Lowry
House stands; and very few houses
made up the town. April 9th, 1805,
ho was received by the Presbytery of
Erie. He took great pleasure in his
congregations of Concord and Harmo
ny, they were now hardy little congre
gations, over five years old and a great
comfort and help to him. He founded
the church in the town of Hutler, and
worked very hard to lay as far as wns
in his power a sure foundation. Soon
after bis settlement here several fami
lies from bis former charges in West
moreland county came out and bought
farms near him. Their coming added
to the strength of the churches, and as
soon as possible houses of worship were
built, in the meantime the services
were held wherever it was most, con
venient—at the school houses, and fre
quently at the house of some of the
neighbors. Communion services were
held in the groves, no building being
sufficiently large. His jn-ople came,
some of them ten and fifteen miles,
nearlv always walking, at any rate dur
ing the first years. In 1805 he acted as
Moderator of the Synod of Pittsburgh.
For many years after ho was settled in
the ministry hf! taught a class of young
men, most of whom became ministers
of tlie gospel. Ho took great interest
in teaching. He was a thorough Lat
in and Greek scholar; he also possess
ed aknowledge of the Hebrew language
which was a rare acquirement in this
region of country at that time. He
never left his congregation if he could
avoid it; but he was away on one oc
casion several months by appointment
preaching at Erie. While absent at
that time he organized the congrega
tion of North-east, lie was a leader in
the temperance movement of ISM. In
Ih 1H he found it necessary to bo nearer
itutlcr and accordingly bought a farm
about three miles north of the town on
the Mercer road. In all his congrega
tions he ha«l prayer meetings, sabbath
schools, or Uible study in some form,
and congregational examinations on
the Larger and Shorter Catechism. In
the church in Butler he had in addition
to the sabbath school and prayer meet
ing, a monthly concert the first Mon
day of each month in the afternoon.
The ladies of the congregation kept up
a female prayer meeting for a number
of years. When the Presbytery of Al
legheny was erected in 1820, he was
included within its limits as one of its
original members and presided at the
first meeting held in the town of But
ler the first Tuesday of April, 1820.
His health was giving away for some
years before his death, but ho did not
suffer it to interfere with his duties.
Ho was entirely absorbed in his work,
and continued to lill all his appoint
ments till a few months before his
death. His last sermon was delivered
in Butler, but overcome with weakness
he had to be carried from the pulpit be
fore be finished it. After this he lived
a few months but could not attempt to
preach again. It has been truly said
of him, "lie was an able, faithful and
devoted minister of Jesus Christ." He
died Feb. lOth, 1822, in the sixty-lifth
year of his nge. His death was the
first one in his family. His wife, two
daughters and seven sons were left to
mourn their loss. His third son, John
McPherrin, was the first member of his
family to become a missionary. He
was one of the mission family who
went out uuder the superintendence of
the Rev. Samuel Tait to the mission,
then about to be located among the Ot
tawa Indians on the Maumee river,
known as the ' Maumee Mission.*' The
Rev. Cyrus Riggs, his daughter Miss
Hannah Riggs, and Mr. John McPher
rin, with one or two others made up
the mission family. While there ho
was very successful in his work. But
the second year his health was failing
so rapidly that their physician advised
him to return home at once. This he
did, making the trip alone on horse
back when he was so weak that he had
to stop frequently through the day,
when he would lie down on a dry log
by the wayside to rest. It took him
several weeks to reach Butler. Some
days he did not see a settler's cabin
from morning till night. He reached
home safely to die and be buried by
the side of his father in the old hurry
ing ground, which is still in Butler. In
later years three of. Mr. McPherrin's
grandsons became Foreign Missionaries.
Another of his grandsons, the Rev.
Josiah McPherrin, is now pastor of the
Presbyterian church of Emlenton, Pa.
Thus some of his children are still em
ployed in the work that was so dear to
his heart.
THE GROWTH OF CITIES.
The science of statistics is distinc
tively a modern one and is as much
indebted for the materials of its elabor
ation to the United States as to any
other country. Prior to the com
mencement of this century there was
no thorougly reliable census of any
European country. The first formal
census of the United States was taken
in 1790; the first in (Ireat Britain not
until 1801. The population of any
country at a given time before the pres
ent century is a matter of conjecture,
admitting of wildly varying estimates.
The less civilized European countries,
the republics of South America and all
the nations of Asia and Africa are
without any statements of their
population that can be received as
even approximately exact. As to
China and Japan, which used to figure
in geographical text books with mar
vellous accounts as to the size of their
capital cities, the results of recent in
quiries have shown such statements to
be utterly unreliable. China, instead
of having a population of 450,000,000
or 500,000,000, as is still generally
Ixdieved, is found to have less than
200,000,000, while the enlightened
government of Japan has decreased by
a half the figures it used to palm ofr
upon confiding foreigners.
Under these circumstances it is not
strange that the laws of the growth of
population should, until quite recently,
iiave been so little known that previ
ous estimates of any given census
were usually very wide of the mark.
President Lincoln, in a message to
Congress in 18U2, committed himself
to the absurdity of saying that the
child is already born who will see our
population reach 150,000,000. Charles
Sumner and the members of the Con
gressional Census Committee of 1809
felt no hesitation in announcing Irefore
hand that the census of 1«70 would
reach a total of 42,500,000, whereas it
. fell short of 39,000,000. On the other
hand the accurate methods pursued
for many years by Dr. Farr, the Brit
ish Registrar General, enabled him
to forecast the population of London
at the census of 1871 within 8,000 of
the official return. On equally good
authority we are now informed that
the census of England and Wales, to
be taken next April, will aggregate
not far from 20,000,000, as against 22,-
712,200 in 1871.
While the usual rate of increase of
civilized countries is now reduced to
the domain of science the growth of
cities cannot be predicted with any
similar accurancy. In the United
States there is a uniform tendency to
exaggerate the population of our grow
ing cities, and each decennial census
demolishes a great many air castles
built upon directories and tax returns.
The population of the chief American
cities by the census of 18H0 is now
known with a near approach to accur
acy, and while Chicago and St. Louis
are deeply disappointed at not passing
the half-million milestone which they
long ago set up, there is no reason for
them to fie dissatisfied with the result.
Abnormal growth in very large cities is
not a healthy feature, and they are
rather to be congratulated at having
settled down to a steady, regular in
crement. The results of the new cen
sus will surprise the average reader in
many particulars. The order of pop
ulation remains as it was in IH7O,
with rare exceptions. Chicago has
attained tint fourth place among Ameri
can cities, numbering 475,000 to 376,-
000 in St. Louis. Boston has out stripp
ed Baltimore with 3(10,000 and Bf>o,-
000 respectively, while Cincinnati,
which retains the eighth place, lags
behind with 250,000. Pittsburgh has
about 154,000 ami Allegheny about
80,000. The greatest surprise is in
the growth of Cleveland and Milwau
kee, amounting to 70 and 80 per cent.,
placing them respectively at 158,000
1 .'{o,ooo. Buffalo and Washington
average 150,000, while Louisville has
rapidly climbed up to 145,000. De
troit and Providence have passed the
100,000 limit, and take rank as seven
teenth and eighteenth among our great
cities. Among the lesser cities, our
readers will probably be surprised to
learn that Kansas City rcanlied 115,-
000; Indianapolis, 77,000; Minneapo
lis, 45,000; St. Paul, 42,000; Reading,
Pa., 43,000; Lowell, Mass., <11,000;
Denver, 34,000; Wheeling, 32,000;
Wilmington, 42,000; ljuincy, 111.,
30,000; St. Joseph, Mo., 35,000;
Chester, Pa., 23,000 ; Pawtucket, It.
1., 29,000; Camden, N. J., 37,000;
Waterbury, Conn., 22,000; Meriden,
19,000; Peoria, 111., 28,000; Spring
field, Mass., 31,500; Springfield, 111.,
19,000; Dayton, Ohio, 39,000 and
Eliuira, N. V., 21.500. The returns
of other cities, not yet received, will
probable afford equal surprises. New
York has exceeded 1,200,000, Philadel
phia attains nearly 850,000, and
Brooklyn more than holds her relative
rank with 500,000 iuhibitants.
I JUNE MEETING OF BUTLER
PRESBYTERY.
The Presbytery of Butler met iu
Piue Grove, .June 22, 18S0, and was
opened with a sermon by Ilev. S. M.
Glenn, Gal. 6. 14., "Ood forbid that I
should glory save in the cross of Jesus
Christ ," Ac.
The committee that had been ap
pointed to do so, reported that they had
organized a church at North Washing
ton on the 18th of May. A call from
this church for one-fourth of his minis
terial labors was put into the hands of
Rev. Thos. M. Thompson and accepted
by him—New Salem church having
agreed to receive hereafter but one
fourth of his labors, instead of one-half
heretofore taken, and Presbytery ap
proving of this arrangement Mr.
Ttompsou was installed as Past< r of
North Washington church on Saturday
July 10th, at l£ P. M. ; Rev. I. I).
Pecker to preach, Rev. J. M. Marshall
to preside and deliver the charge to the
Pastor, Rev. J. R. Coulter to address
the people.
The Sessions were called upon to re
port what they had done towards in
creasing the circulation of the Foreign
Missionary. More or less attention
was reported as having been given to
this matter, and more or less success
as having been attained. The Sessions
were directed to continue their efforts
in this affair and report again at the
Fall meeting. A church was reported
as having been organized at North Lib
erty, on the 21st of June, and this
church was allowed to procure supplies
till the fall meeting.
The installation of Rev. S. M. Gleun
as Pastor of Centreville church was re
ported as having taking place on the
4th of June.
Churches still found delinquent in
the payment of their Pastors were or
dered to report again at the fall meet
ing on this subject, and the temporary
clerk was ordered to notify them of
this requirement. The Presbytery, by
a resolution, expressed their decided
disapprobation of the buying of papers,
and reading of secular news on the
Sabbath. Rev. E. Ogden and elder
Chas. McCafferty, Commissioners to
the General Assembly, reported and
their conduct was approved. Rev. I.
D. Decker and elder R. W. McKee
were appointed to call attention of
Presbytery to items in the minutes of
the General Assembly demanding our
attention at'the fall meeting. Presby
tery resolved to inquire of the churches
at the fall meeting whether they have
been contributing during the current
year for the Boards. The four candi
dates of Presbytery were recommended
to the Board of Education for aid.
I'resbytery united on Tuesday evening
with delegates from the Woman's Mis
sionary Societies of the churches, in
holdinga Missionary Convention, which
was addressed by Rev. E. I'. Dunlap,
Missionary from Siam. The large au
dience esteemed themselves most hap
py on being permitted to hear such an
address as it was.
Presbytery adjourned to meet in
Summit church on the 4th Tuesday of
October, at 11 A. M., at which meeting
reports will be made by standing com
mittees on the work of the different
Boards of the church.
J. R. Coi i.TKK, Stated Clerk.
HONOR TO WHOM HONOR IS
HUE.
Gratitude has been defined by a sat
irist as "a lively sense of favors to
come." The sharpest point in the beet
satire is its close approach to simili
tude with truth, and the edge of the
above adage lies in its very close ap
plication to the common events of hu
man life. It is said that "the good that
men do lives after them," and "the
evil they have done dies with them."
But this is far from true iu ordinary
affairs, indeed the contrary is the more
frequently true. Perhaps one of the
most useful men was Benjamin Frank
lin, to whom we owe the introduction
of many of our commonest but most
valuable household and industrial con
veniences, many scientific discoveries
and a vast amount of practical sense
arid wisdom bound up in small pack
ages and known as proverbs, which
are only inferior in the aggregate val
ue to the proverbs of Solomon him
self.
As an agricultural nation, we should
never forget, as we use plaster or di
late upon its value as a fertilizer, that
it was to Franklin's observation and
ready application of valuable things to
practical purposes, that we owe the in
troduction of plaster, for its use. lie
observed the effect, of this mineral up
on the grass at the gypsum quarries,
near I'aris, and on returning home he
tried it with remarkable effect, and
thus brought it into use as a fertiflzer
This truly scientific observer was the
lirst to discover that lightning was
simply an electrical discharge, and his
discoveries led to the use of lightning
rods as means of safety from the light
ning stroke. We recently remarked
that it was to his sagacity we owed
the introduction of Broom corn, and
it is but just t hat now and then our in
debtedness to such men should be re
called lest their services may be for
gotten and our gratitude fail to be be
stowed us it deserve to be.
BUTLER COAL FOR COKE.
The American Manufacturer says
that "Messrs. Rawle, Spearman and
Stager, of Shnrpsvillc" it undoubted
ly means Messrs. Rawle, of Erie,
Siiearman, of Sharon, Stage, of Green
ville, —have been resisting the Coil
nelsville coke regions, with the view
of examining the different styles of
coke ovens. They belong to a company
which owns <J,f»OO acres of a vein of
four feet coal in Butler county, the de
velopment of which will soon be com
menced. They propose to ship the
lump coal and manufacture the slack
into coke, provided it should, after ex
periinent, prove suitable for that pur
pose. Kleven blast furnace firms are
said to be included in the company
that has bought the Butler tract of
coal. If this coal should make good
coke, the patronage of the eleven firms
would lie lost to the Connelsville coke
dealers. Throe huridfod ovens will be
erected in the event of the coal prov
ing suitable.— Sharon Herald.
ADVEBTIBINO BATES,
One square, one insertion, #1; each subse
quent insertion, 60 cents. Yearly .advertisement*
exceeding one-fourth of a column, 95 per inch.
I Figure work double these rates; additional
charges where weekly or monthly changes are
I made. Local advertisements 10 oenta per line
for Arvt insertion, and 5 cents per line for each
I additional insertion. Marriages and deaths pub
lished free of charge. Obituary notices charged
as advertisements. and payable when handed in
Auditors' Notices. $4 Executors' and Adminis
trators' Notices. }3 each; Estray, Caution an#
Dissolution Notices, not exceeding ten lines,
each.
From the fact that the CITIZKX ia the oldee'
established and most extensively circulated Re
publican newspaper in Butler county, (a liepufc
lican county) it must be apparent to huaineub
men that it is the medium they should use in
advertising their lousiness.
NO. 33
STORY OF THE COQUETTE
WELL.
One of the most famous of the oil
farms that were developed in the early
days of the petroleum excitement on
Oil Creek was the Hyde & Egbert
farm, near Petroleum Centre, Pa. Dr.
Egbert, of Franklin, and his partner
had lie twee n them SI,OOO, which they
paid for the farm. This was consider
ed an immense price for it, as it had
not yielded enough under cultivation
to pay taxes. In 1864 they struck oil
on it. They hau several good wells,
but none that compared with the great
gushers that had spouted their 2,000
and 3,000 barrels a day further down
the creek.
Hyde & Egbert's superintendent had
a brother who lived in an Eastern
town. He was in love with a young
lady of the place, who was noted in tho
neighborhood as a great coquette. On >
night in the early fall of 1864 a troupe
of Indians gave an exhibition in the
village. The young man and the youug
lady in question attended it together.
After he had escorted her home, he
seized an opportunity that offered and
asked her to become his wife. She re
fused him. He went to bed disappoint
ed and despondent. He had long eu
tertained the idea of seeking his for
tune in the oil regions, and before he
retired that night ho had determined
on carrying out the idea without fur
ther delay. Before morning he had a
dream. He thought ho stood in a wild,
mountainous place, alone and friend
less. Suddenly an Indian, hideous in
war paint, sprang from a thicket and
rushed toward him with his tomahawk
raised. Tho dreamer was unarmed.
Ho tried to save himself by flight, but
he could not move. He bad resigned
himself to his fate, when another per
son appeared on the scene. It was the
coquette who had rejected his suit. Sho
had a rifle. She quickly placed tho
weapon in her jilted lover's hands and
disappeared. The lover covered the
Indian with the rifle and fired. When
the smoke cleared away the Indiau
was gone. Where he had stood there
gushed from the ground a stream of oil
of great volume. It flowed down over
the land in a miniature river.
Tho young man awoke from his
dream. It made a great impresson up
on him. Ho interpreted it as a good
omen for him, not ouly in business
matters, but in his love affair. Ho de
parted for Oil Creek, next day, and
went first to the farm where his broth
er was working. One day the superin
tendent was showing his visiting broth
er over tho Hyde & Egbert farm.
Suddenly the latter stopped and looked
about him with an exclamation of sur
prise.
"This is tho very spot," said ho,
"that I saw in my dream."
lie then related his dream to his
brother. The spot was not considered
a favorable one for striking oil, but tho
dream of the young man so impressed
the superintendent that he determined
to sink a well there. Tho result was
awaited with intense interest by tho
two brothers. The drill, at tho depth
of 600 feet, struck a literal river of oil.
The rich deposit spouted out of tho
earth at the rate of 2,000 barrels a day.
The well became famous at once. Tt
was given the name of tho "Coquette,"
because of the coquettishncss of the
young lady that resulted in its boing
drilled. Thousands of persons flocked
to the farm to see it, and a fee of ten
cents a bead was charged for a sight at
it, pouring its wealth into Dr. Egbert's
tanks. It flowed for fifteen months. Dr.
Kgliert made au immense fortune from
it, and then sold a one-twelfth Interest
in it for $276,000. He gave $20,000 to
the young man whoso dream led to tho
discovery of the Coquette well. With
thls*suin to start with, the fortunate
dreamer iu a few months made a hand
some fortune, lie returned to his na
tive village. Still loving the young
lady who had refused his hand, and
learning that since his departure sho
hud ceased entirely to go into society,
ho proposed to her again. This time ho
was accepted, ami he married the
former coquette. Shortly afterward
the well ceased to yield oil voluntari
ly, fell to a small "pumper," and then
became entirely exhausted A few rot
ten timbers of the derrick that stood
above the onco famous well is now all
that marks the spot where tho river of
oil burst forth.
Subscribe for the CITIZEN now.
A new book is entitlod "Man Pro
poses." It is a fiction.
A barrel on the tail of a Presiden
tial ticket is oxpccted to have an ef
fect similar to that produced by a tin
can on the tail of a dog—make it run.
An exchange says that a ton of gold
is worth only about $500,000. Wo
give this for what it is worth ; our
time has been so taken up with politics
and somebody has hidden away the
scales.
Bismarck has been trying tin* gem
puzzle, or as the Germans call it, "Dos
I'rincip'ls Vcizweiflung," and there is
a "Boss Polke" in honor of it. One
day nearly every member of tho Reich
stair was iiusv with the nuzzle.
The performance known as tl o
Currie trial in Texas ended iu the ac
quittal of the murderer on the plea < f
insanity. That, was because he mur
dered a mail Mad he stolen a horse,
t lie culprit would not have escaped on
that plea.
A teacher asked a bright little girl:
"What country is opposite us on tho
globc'i"' "Don't know, was the answer.
"Well, now," pursued the teacher,
"If I were to bore a hole through tho
earth, and you were to go in at thm
end, where would you come out?"
"Out of the hole, sir," replied tho
pupil, with an air of triumph.
A valuable horse in Lawrence town
ship, Clearfield county, had a hind leg
broken, on Wednesday last, by being
kicked by another horse. The owner
at once erected a he ivy frame and nut
a roof over the horse, lie was then
raiwd up by means of straps so that
he stands on three feet, the broken leg
was set ami a hole dug to prevent its
resting on the ground, and the horse
is still iu that position, with some
prospects of recovering the use of hid
leg.