BUBSCBIPTIOSr BATES :
Per vtir, in fciv«M ®®
So »ab*criptk>n will be diacon'inaed octii jli
urntrv;o» *Je paid. I'oKtmaaters neglecting to
DotifT us when stil***ribcn do not take on! their
pipen will be hjild table the subscription.
Sai.scrib«iß removing from one poatoffice to
another slior.ld give tm the ume of the former
mk veil u the present ofR -e.
All intended for publication
n paper ian-<t be a."Connp*nie.i by the real
name of the wn'.er. not for publication, but ao
a guarantee of good faith.
Marriage and daath notices most be accompa
nied by a responsible name.
&(idram THE BDTI ER CITIZE*.
BCTLER. PA.
TRAVELERS' GUIDE.
■ CTLEK, KJIKXS CITT AND PARKER RAII-ROAD
(Bntier Tiroc.)
Trains learc Butler for St. Joe, Mljlerstown,
K-rns f'lty, Petrolic, Parker, etc., at 7.2-~> a. m.,
and 2 ft; and 7.20 p. m. (See below for con
nections wilh A. V K. K. ]
Trait* arrive at Butler from the above nsmed
points at 7..5 a. m., and 1.55, and «-¥> p. ra.
The L 55 train connecta *iib train on the West
Penn roid throufch to I'ittsbar^h.
RHE-»A*GO ASD AIXKOHMT RAII.KOAD.
Train* have liiilwrdV Mill, But'er county,
for HarrtoYille, Greenville, etc., at i.-K a. m.
tod 12-20 and 2-20 p.m. , , r m
Bt*gea leare Petrol'.a at 530 a. m. lor <.40
train, and at 10.00 a. m. tor 12.20 trajn.
Return aiasea leave Hilliard on arrival of
trains at 10.27 a. ra. mil 1.50 p. m.
biagc leaves Martiasbiirg at J.J) for I—3o
train.
PENNSYLVANIA RAIT.ROAD.
T.-ain* lease Butler (Bailer or Pittsburgh Time.)
Market at 8.06 a. la., goes through to Alle
gheny, arriviue at 9.01 a. m. This tram con
tents at Freeport wilh Frecport Accommoda
tion, which arrive* at Allegheny at 8.20 a. in.,
railroad time. ,
Exvret* at 7.21 a. m , connecting at But ler
Juncti n, without change of car*, at H:lfi with
Exp.ess vreat, arriving In Allegheny at 9.51
a. m , and Express east arriving at blamville
at 11 00 a. ra. railroad time.
Mail at 2 36 p. ra., connecting at Bntier Junc
tionwilboiit change ol cars, with Express west,
arriving ia Allegheny at 526 p. in., and Ex
press east arriving at BlalravHle Intersection
at 6.10 p. m. railroad time, which connects w'lb
Philadelphia express east, when on time.
Tie 7.21 a. tn. train connect* at Blairsvillc
at 11.06 a. m. with tbi Mul east, and the 2JKt
p.m. train at 6..VJ with the Philadelphia Ex-
Trains arrive at Bntier < n West Penn H. K. at
ft .SI a. m, 5 06 a.-;d 7.3) p. m., Butler time. Toe
U.", 1 and 5.W) trains connect with trains on
the Butler & Parker R. R. HUTI ay train arrives
at Boiler at ll.lt a. m., connecting with train
tor Parker.
Main Line.
Through trains leave Pittsburgh lor the E*-'
.->! '.'..V. and " M'i a. m. ar.d 12 51, 4.21 ar.d 8.06
JJ, arriving at Philadelphia at 3.40 and i .2)
p. m . and 3.00, 7.0 r.nd 7.40 a m.; at Baltimore
abont the *&n,e tine, at Sew York three bears
later, and at Washington abont one and a hall
hours later.
PHYSICIANS.
JOHN K. BYEKS,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
myDl-ly] BUTLER, PA.
"DENTISTS.
DENTISTRTr
Oil WALDRON. Graduate of the Phil-
K ad el pbia Dental College, is prepared
• II ■to do anything in the line of his
profession in a satisfactory manner.
Office on Main street, Butler, Union Block,
up stairs, apll
BANKS.
TilM BUTLER
SAVINGS BANK
HUTLER. PA.
NEARLY OPPOSITE LOWRY HOUSE.
CAPITAL STOCK" 60,000.
W*. CAXTREI.L, J AS. D. ASDBWIO*,
President. Vise President.
W*. CAMPBELI., Jr., Cashier.
DIRECTORS
WHliara Campbell, J. W. Irwin,
J tut. D. Anderson, George Weber,
Joseph L. Purvis.
Does a General Banking * Exchange business.
Interest p*id on time deposits. Collections made
and prompt returns at low rates of Exchange.
Gold Exchange and Government Bonds bonght
and sold. Commercial paper, bonds, judgment
and othnrseenrities bon«ht at fair rates I*2o Ijr
LAND FOR SALE.
FOR SALE.
A handsome six-room frame bouse, located
on Blull street, northwestern part of Butler.
Lot 50x170. All necessary outbuildings,
TERMS—Oce-!bird cash and balance in four
equal annual payments. Inquire at this office.
janMti
For teal'e.
The well-improved farm of Rev. W. B. Hutch
ison, in the northeast comer of Middlesex town
ship, Bntier cornier, Pa Js now offered for sale,
low. Inquire of W. K. PItIHBEE, on the prem
ises. aplfitf
FOR MALE.^
$5 will buy a one-bait interest in a good bus
iness in Pltteburirh. One who knows some
thing abont farming preferred. An honest man
with the above amount will do well to address
by letter. SMITH JOHNS, care B. M. James,
»3 Liberty street; Pittsburgh, Pa. |an37-ly
INSURANCE.
Incorporated 1819.
/ETNA INSURANCE COMPANY
OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.
AsctS $7,071, 224.49.
Losses paid In 01 years, $51,000,000.
J.T. MoJUNKIN A BON, Agents,
Jan2Bljr Jeflcrson street, Butler, Pa,
BUTLER COTINW"
Mutual . Fire Insurance Co.
Office Cor. Main and Cunningham Sts.
G. C. ROESSING, PRESIDENT.
WM. CAMPBELL; TREASURER.
H. O. IIEINEMAN, SKCRETART.
DIRECTORS:
J. L. Purvis, E. A. Helm bold t,
William Campbell, J. W. Burkhart,
A. Trontman, Jacob Sehoene,
O. C. Roesslng, John Caldwell,
Dr. VV. lrvln, W. W. Dodds,
J. W.Christy H. C. Helneman.
JAS. T» M'JUNKIN, Gen, A*'t-
BTTTLER PA.
NOTICE TO FARMEBS.
PHOSPHATE AMD FERTILIZERS
FOR SALE BY
JAMES ENGLISH,
marl7-2m PORrEIWVILLK. PA.
fIEMRY (J. HAIJg,
FIHE MERCHANT TAILOR,
COB. PENN ARD SIXTH STREETS,
Z'ittnbiiryh, J'a
B. Iloe»»iny;,
[Successor to A. O. Roessing A Bro.J
DEALEB IN
Groceries,
GRAIN, FLOUR, FEED, OIL,
—AND—
Anthracite Goal.
THE Highest MARKET PRICE PAID IN
irCABH"Bi
FOB GBAIN Of kLL KINDS.
UPW
VOL. XVIL
BOOTS and SHOES
AL. RAFF'S
UNION block,
IVlain Street, - - - - Butler, Pa.
I havi* just received my entire Spring and Sumuier stock of 800 T.S and
SHOES direct from the manufacturer, and am able to sell them at
OLD PRICES, |
and a great many lines at LOW ER PRICES THAN ER.
Ladies', Misses' and Children's Button, Polish and Side Lace Boots in
endless variety, and at bottom prices.
Reynolds Brothers' celebrated fine Shoes always in stock, and is the most
complete I have ever offered. The prices arc lower than ever, and styles
elegant.
Parties wanting BOOTS <fc SHOP'S made to order can do no better than
by me, as I keep none but the best of workmen in mv employ.
LEATHER and FINDINGS will be found in my store in superior
quality and at lowest market rates.
All goods warranted as represented. AL. Rl FF,
OPENING DAILY
AT —
B. C. HDSELWS,
TIIE LARGEST AND BEST ASSORTMENT OF
Boots and Shoes
To be found in any House In Western Pennsylvania, em
bracing all the Newest Spring Styles in the Market.
. I am selling all this stock at
OLD PRICES. 2
Recollect, NO ADVANCE. -=^r
Several lines of Boots and Shoes at even lower prices than ever. All my
customers have the lxmefit in buying by getting Boots and Shoes
that come direct from the manufacturer to my house.
No middle profits to divide tip that parties
are compelled to pay that buy
from jobbing houses.
This Stock of Boots and Shoes is Very Large in the Following Lines
Ladies' Kid and Pebble Button Boots, - - $1.50 and upwards.
" " " " Side Lace Boots, ... 1.25 " "
" Grain, Pebble and Kid Button and Polish, - 1.25 " "
" " Polish, 95 " "
" " Standard, very prime, 1.25 " "
" Serges, in Congress and Polish, - - - - 75 to sl.
" Calf Peg Shoes, all warranted.
MV STOCK KM BRACES, IN CONNECTION WITH THE ABOVE, A FULL LINE OF ALL
THE FINER GRADES IN WOMEN'S, MISSES' AND CHILDREN'S.
The faentK' Deparlmcnt is very complete in every line in Calf
Button, Dom Pedros, Congress and English Walking Shoos, and especially in
Calf Boots, at $2 and upwards,
Brogans and Plow Shoes, at $1 and upwards,
Fine Buff Alexis and Congress, at $1.25 and upwards,
. Low Strap Shoes, in every style, at $1.25 and upwards.
Boys' and Youths' Shoes in same styles as Men's, but lower in price.
Infants' and Children's Shoes, in Colors and Black.
Fancy Slippers and Walking Boots, All Colors.
This stock is the most complete I have ever offered, the prices are lower t
than ever, and the styles are elegant. Ladies' Kitl arid Pebble Button New-*
ports, good, $1 to $1.25.
URGE ftTQGft OF LEATHER AHO FINDINGS;
Always in stock. None but the best brands of Leather kept, and prices guar
anteed at lowest market rates.
me a call and I will save yoi money in your Boots and Shoes.
A careful inspection of this stock will convince you that the above is correct.
No other house can give you lower prices or !>etter goods.
B. O. HPSELTQM.
CARPETS! OIL CLOTHS! MATS! BUQSI STAIR HODS
| NEW STOCK! NEW STOCK! >
| HECK & PATTERSON S |
| NEW CARPET BOOM S
to NOW OPEN I £
On© Door South off their Clc.thing House, S
Dully"* Block, Mptao-tf Huller, I*a. S
d f
i S'qOH >T IV J>S iS I f)fPl i S,L VIV iSH >LO r I f) f 11() i S J,CT<I>I Vf)
Union Woolen Mills.
I would demre to call the attention of Vlie
public to the Union Woolen Mill, Under I'*.,
where I hare new and improved machinery for
the manufacture of
Barred and Gray Flannels,
Knitting and Weaving Yarns,
and I can recommend thetn ac being Tory dura
ble, a* they are manufacture of puro Untler
county wool. Tlicy are beautiful In color, HU
perior in texture, and will he Hold at very low
prices. For aamplea and price*. addre*H,
11. KUIXKIITON,
Jnl34. , 7»-ty') lintler, f'a
OT? ft & 18 "tope, 3 net Iteed«, 2 Knee
UXi U XI.IIW Bwelln. Stool, iiook, only
♦87.60. 8 Htop Organ. Hfool, Book, only ®M.76.
Plariott, Htool, Cover, Book, $l9O to tUDS. Illua
trated catalogue free. Addraaa
, W. 0. BUNNELL, Lewi#town, Pa.
Stork Speculation mid Investment.
Operation* on Margin or by Privilege*. Hpe
cial bnKiueHH in Mining Htockn. Full particnlarH
on application. JAMKH IMIOWN, Dealer in
Stork* and ISonda, til <i 66 Broadway, New York.
marl 7-fro
Fo/ty Dollars Reward.
HOWE STOLEN.
On Tnewhy i "jrlit, April 27th, there wn*
alolen from the preini»c» of the anbacriher,
living in Penn town»hip, liutlcr county, Pa., a
dnrk buy horxe, nix yeara old, weigh** between
, 1 ,ri'K» and 1.400 pound*, KUIKII «tnr on the fore
head, shoulder* «> ne vhat wire from the wear
of the c<yi<t r. A reward of S4O will l>e i>aid for
informiation that will lead to the recovery of
" the ho me. HARVY OBBORN,
niyt»-3t. Olado Mill*, P, O, Butler Co. Pa.
BUT LEE, PA., WEDNESDAY. JUKE 16, 1880.
C. WATTLEY & CO
ARE DAILY RECEIVING
Fresh and Seasonable Goods!
SUCH AS
Spring Gloves,
Cotton and Lisle Thread Hose,
Fringes, Trimmings, Buttons,
Ribbons,
Laces, Embroideries,
lla ndkerch iefs,
Lacc and Embroidered Ties,
Summer Underwear,
Elegant Neckwear for Men,
AND FULL STOCK OF
Ladies and Men's Furnishing Goods.
fcf~Our iiicrf.i fil Room enables us to give pur
chasers the very lest value for their money.
G. WATTLEY & CO.
109 FEDERAL ST. ALLEGAENY CITY PA.
OPPOSITE FIRST NATIONAL HANK.
—THE
Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & SI Louis
RAILWAY c.o.
I PIS-HWDLi BBUTfTT
Offers the Lost facilities and most comfortable
and expeditious Line for families
movinc to jwints in
KANSAS,
ARKANSAS,
TEX A 8 ,
OOLJOI^ADO,
USTZEJBIR/ A.SK A *
CALIFORNIA,
OR ANY OF TIIE WESTERN STATES AND
TERRITORIES.
TilK VERY LOWEST KATES
TO ALL POINTS IK THE
WEST & SDUTH-WEST
CAN ALWAYS UK HF.CCKEI) VIA THE
OLD RELIABLE
PAN-HANDLE ROUTE.
Tickets Sold and Baggage Checked
THROUGH TO ANY POINT YOU WANT TO C.O. .
We ofl'er you the Lowest Rates, the Quickest
Time, the Jlest Facilities and the most Satisfac
tory Route to all jMiintx West and South-west.
We run no Emigrant Trains. All classes of
Passengers are carried on regular Express
Trains.
If you are unable to procure Through Tick
ets to points in Missouri, Arkansas, Texas, Kan
sas, Colorado, Wisconsin, Minnesota, lowa, Ne
braska or California, by the direct "PAN-HAN
DLE ROUTE," at your nearest Railroad Sta
tion, please address
■>» «»-> .
Gen'L Passenger Agent, 'Pan-Handle Route,'
COLUMBUS, OHIO.
ST CHARLES HOTEL,
On tho European iPlari
54 to 66 North Third Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.
.Single Rooms 50c., 75c. and $1 per
day.
0. I*. Schneck, Proprietor.
Excellent Dining room furnished
with the best, and at reasonable rates.
for all Railroad Depots
witbin a convenient distance.
THEORE ATE X O LIS HREM ED Y1
OllA Y'S SPECIFIC' MEDICINE
TRADEMARK. „ „
» for SCIIIIN.'iI VCNK if
Before Taking 1 MEMORY' L V-nr After Taking.
verbal Lassitude, Pain in the back. Dlmmness of
Vision. I'ennature Old a#e, and mouy other dis
eases That lead to Insanity. Consumption anil a
I'ennature (Irave all of wliirh its a rule are first
caused l.y . 'eviating from the path of nature and
over Indulgence. The Hi»ec|flc Medicine is the re
sult of a life study anil many years of experience
in treating these s.oeclal diseases.
Full |>artli'iilars in our pamphlets which we de
sire to send free >y iml'l to even one.
The Spccifle Medicine li sold by all h.ugglst* at
$1 per package, or six puck ages for *r>, or will be
sent l>y mail oil reeeiot of the frioney by addressing
THE (J ft A V MEDICINE FO.,
No. 10 Mechanic's P.lock. DKTIWHT, MICH.
IW Sold in Butler by J. ('. KK.HH K, and by all
Ilrugglsts everywhere.
KWINO, Wholesale Agents. Pitts
burgh. myl2-ly.
#. I WIKffltLD i CO.,
124 FEDERAL STREET,
ALLEGHENY.
AT: 57| CENTS,
All-Woo! Twilled Debege. 38 in Wide
NEW KFFECTH fIV
DRESS GOODS.
foreign and Domestic Novelties, Arinures, Per
sian Cords. llr<»'lMl<"> and Momle Cloths, 111 the
new colorln-'s : Hello rope, I'aoii, Old Oold.
ISronzc, (leu. arme. Coachman and Navy Blue.
Black Sa.in DP LVOII,
Black and Colored Silkn and Bat IDS.
Wash Goods.
I .awns. Cretonnes Handkerchief SultPiics, Mad
ras Cloth, Zr ihvrCloih and new designs In
TOILE D'ALSACE.
Domestic and lloiispkfppi»s(joo<k
AT CENTS,
42-INCH pfLLOW MUSLIN,
Hhlrtlni' Mill SI Muslin, Table Linens, Nap
.kills. Towels and Towellngs,
QUILTS.
Trimmings, Kmbrol.lerh s. Corsets, Oloves. Hut
ton.H. FrliiK' H, lip-ton mikl l4UMin. «l,Hr IJMT,
Hciirf.M, Kuclilnifi find rirliiii.
HOSIERY.
At 25 cents |>er pair. Special liargaln In Ladle*'
Jlcg. Made brltlsh How. $2.75 per dozen.
nr-Kaivams of Interest in even department,
which customers would do well to examine before
purchasing elsewhere.
(/lll. Kits BY MAIL. J'HOMI-ri.V ATrr.nux.it TO.
1. H. HID I CO.,
jn/FEDERAL STREET,
lH ALLEGHENY.
OUR NEXT PRESIDENT.
A Brief Sketch of the Life of a Self-
Made Man — His Career in the
Field and in Congress.
A Sk etch of the Coming 1 'ice Presi
dent.
The following sketch of the nominee
was prepared by Mr. E. V. Smalley, a
personal and political friend, and is ac
curate in its details, as .veil as a just
estimate of the charactc, of the man
who will be our next "'resident:
James Abraham Garfie'd waborn
November 19, 1831, in the township of
Orange, Cuyahoga county, Ohio, about
fifteen miles from Clevela id. P's
father, Abraham Garfield, c me from
New York, but like his mother, was of
New England stock. James was the
youngest of four children. The father
died in 1833, leaving the family de
pendent upon a small farm and the ex
ertions of the mother. There was
nothing about the elder Garfield to
distinguished him from the other plod
ding farmers of the rather sterile town
ship of Orange. No one could discern
any qualities in h' n *vhicb, transmitted
to the next gen?ra 'on, might help to
make a statesman, unless it was indus
try ; but his wife, who is still living at
an advanced age, ,ves always fond of
reading when she could get leisure from
her hard hoi'se old duties, and was a
thoroughly cap b'e woman, of strong
w'll, stern principles aid more than
average force of character. Of the
children, no one besides James has
made the slightest mark in the world.
The older brother is a farmer in Michi
gan, and the two sister* are, I believe,
farmers' wives. James had a tough
time of it as a boy. He toiled hard on
the farm early and late in summer and
worked at the carpenter's bench in win
ter. The best of it was that he liked
work. There was not a lazy hair on his
head. He had an absorbing ambition
to get an education and the only road
open to this end see red that of manual
labor. Beady money was hard to get
in those days. The Oliio Canal ran
not far from where he lived, and find
ing that the boatmen got their pay in
cash and earned better wages than he
could make at farming or carpentry, he
hired out as a driver on the tow-path
and soon got up to the dignity of hold
ing the helm of a boat Then he de
termined to ship as a sailor on the
' kec, b,it jin attack of fever and ague
interfered with his plars. He was ill
three months, and when he recovered
he decided to go to a school called
Geauga Acadeny, in an adjoining
county. His mother bad saved a small
sum of money, which she gave him, to
gether with a few cooking utensils and
a stock of provisions. He hired a small
room and cooked his own food to make
his expenses as light as possible. He
paid his own way after that, never
calling on his mother for any more as
sistance. By working at the carpen
ter's bench mornings and evenings and
vacation times, and teaching country
schools during the winter, he managed
to attend the academy during the
spring and fall terms, and to save a
little money towards going to college.
He had excellent health, a robust frame
and a capital memory, and the attempt
to combine mental and physical work,
which has broken down many farmer
boys ambitious to get an education,
did not hurt him
OAHFIEI.I) AT COLLIGJ.
When he was twenty-three years of
age he concluded he had got about all
there was to l>e had in the obscure
cross roads academy Ho calculated
that lie had saved about half enough
money to get through college, provided
he could begin, as he hoped, with the
junior year. He got a life insurance
policy and assigned it to a gentleman
as security for a loan to make up the
amount he lacke'V In the fall of 18f>4
je eotered the junior CITISS of Williams
College, Massachusetts, and graduated
in 1850 w'th the metaphysical honors
of his class. I have seen a daguerreo
type of him tak"n about this time. It
represents a ra'her awkward youth,
w : th a shock of light hair standing
straight up from a big forehead, and a
frank, thoughtful face, of a very marked
German type. There is not a drop of
German blood in the Garfield family,
but this picture would be taken for
some Fritz or Carl just over from the
Fatherland.
Before he went to college Garfield
had connected himself with the Disci
ples, a sect having a.numcrous mem
bership in Eastern and Southern Ohio,
West Virginia and Kentucky, where
its founder, Alexander Campbell, had
traveled and preached. The principal
peculiarit : es of the denomination are
their refusal to formula e their beliefs
into a croed, the independence of each
congregation, the hospitality and fra
ternal feeling of the members and the
lack of a regular ministry. When Gar
field returned to Ohio it was natural
that he should soon gravitate to the
struggling little college of the young
sect at Hiram, Portage county, near
bis boyhood's home. He became pro
fessor of Latin and Greek and threw
himself with the energy and industry,
which are leading traits of bis charac
ter into the work of building up the in
stitution. Before he had been two
years in his professorship he was ap
pointed president of the college. Hiram
is a lonesome country village, three
miles from a railroad, built upon a high
hill, overlooking twenty miles of cheese
making country to the southward. It
contains fifty or sixty houses clustered
around the green, in the centre of
which stands the homely red brick col
lege structure. Plain living and high
thinking was the order of things at Hi
ram College in those days. The teach
ers were poor, the pupils were poor
and the institution was poor, but there
was a great deal of hard, faithful study
done and many ambitious plans form
ed. The young president taught, lec
tured and preached, ami all the time
studied as diligently as any acolyte iu
the temple of knowledge. He frequent
ly spoke on Sundays in the churches of
the towns in the vicinity to create an
interest in the college. Among the
Disciples any one can preach who has
a mind to, no ordination Iwirig requir
ed. From these S»f"' a y discourses
came the story that Garfield at ono
time was a minister. He never consid
ered himself such and never had any
iutention of finding a career in the pul
pit. His ambition, if be had any out
side of the school, lay iu the direction
of law and politics.
HIS MARRIAGE.
During his professorship Garfield
married Miss Lucretia Budolph, daugh
ter of a farmer in the neighborhood,
whose rcqjaintince he had made while
at the academy, where she was also a
pupil. She was a quiet, thoughtful
girl, of singularly sweet aud refined
disposition, fond of study and reading
possessing a warm heart and a mind
with the capacity of steady growth.
The marriage was a love affair on both
sides and has been a thoroughly happy
one. Much of Gen. Garfield's subse
quent success in life may be attributed
to the never-failing sympathy and in
tellectual companionship of his wife
and the stimulus of a loving home cir
cle. The young couple bought a neat
little cottage fronting on the college
campus and began their wedded life
poor and in deljt, but with brave hearts.
In 1359 the college president was
elected to the State Senate from the
counties of Portage and Summit. He
did not resign his presidency, because
he looked upon the few months ir. the
legislature as an episode not likely to
change the course of his life. But the
war came to alter his plans. During
the winter of 1861 he was active in the
passage of meisures for arming the
State militia, and his eloquence and en
ergy made him a conspicuous leader of
the Union party. Early in the summer
he was elected Colonel of au infantry
regiment (the Forty-second) raised in
northern Ohio, many of the soldiers in
which had been students at Hiram.
He took the field in eastern Kentucky,
was soon put in command of a brigade,
and by making one of the hardest
marches ever made by recruits surpris
ed and routed the rebel forces,'under
Humphrey Marshall, at Piketon.
From eastern Kentucky General Gar
field was transferred to Louisville, and
from that place hastened to join the ar
my of Gen. Buell, which he reached
with his brigade in time to participate
in the second day's fighting at Pitts
burgh Landing He took part in the
operations along the Memphis and
Charleston Railroad. In January,
18(53, he was appointed Chief of Staff
of the Army of the Cumberland and
bore a prominent share in all the cam
paigns in middle Tennessee in the
spring and summer of that year. His
last conspicuous military service was
at the battle of Chiekamauga. For his
conduct in that battle he was promoted
to a Major-generalship. It is said that
he u.-ooi all the orders given to the
army that day, and submitted them to
Gen. Itosecrans for approval, save one.
The one he did not write was the fatal
order to General Wood, which was so
worded as not to correctly convey the
meaning of the commanding general,
and which caused the destruction of the
right wing of the army.
ELECTION TO CONGRESS.
The Congressional district in which
Garfield lived was the one long made
famous by Joshua R. Giddings. The
old anti-slavery champion grew care
less of the arts of politics towards the
end of his career and came to look upon
a nomination and re-election as a mat
ter of course. His over-confidence was
taken advantage of in 1858 by an am
bitious lawyer named Hutch ins to car
ry a convention againHt him. The
friends of Giddings never forgave Hut
chins, and cast about for a means of de
feating him. The old man himself was
comfortably quartered in his Consulate
at Montreal and did not care to make
a fight to get back to Congress. So his
supporters made use of the popularity
of Gen. Garfield and nominated him
while he was in the field without ask
ing his consent. That was in 1802.
When he heard of the nomination Gar
field reflected that it would be fifteen
months l>efoic the Congress would
meet to which he would be elected, and
believing, as did every ono else, that
the war could not possibly last a year
longer, concluded to accept. I have
often heard him express regret that he
did not help fight the war through, and
say that Jic never would have left the
army to go to Congress had he foreseen
that the struggle would continue be
yond the year 1863. He continued his
military s r 'vice up to the time Con
gress met.
On entering Congress in Deceml>er,
1863, Gen. Garfield was placed upon
the Committee on Military Affairs,
with Schenck and Fransworth, who
were fresh from the field. He took an
active part in the debates of the House
and won a recognition which few mem
bers succeeded in gaining. He was not
popular among his follow members
during bis first term. They thought
him something of a pedant because he
sometimes showed his scholarship in
his speeches, and thfty were jealous of
his prominence. His solid attainments
and amiable social qualities enabled
him to overcome this prejudice during
his second term, and he became on
terms of friendship with the best men
in both houses. His committee service
during his second term was on the
Ways and Means, which was quite
to his taste, for it gave him an oppor
tunity to prosecute the studies of
finance and political economy which he
had always felt a fondness for. He was
a hard worker and a great reader in
those days, jfoing home with his arms
full of books from the Congressional
Library, and sitting up late nights to
read them. It was then that he laid
the foundation of the convictions on
the subject of national finance which
he has since held to firmly amid all the
storms of political agitation. He was
renominated in 1864, without opposi
tion, but in 1866, Mr. Hutchins, whom
lie liad supplanted, made an effort to
defeat him. Hutchins canvassed the
district thoroughly, but the convention
nominated Garfield by acclamation.
He has had no opposition since in his
own party. In 1872 the Liberals and
Democrats united to beat him, hut his
majority was larger than ever. In IH7H
the Greenbackers and Democrats com
bined put up ft populnr soldior against
him, but they made no impression on
| the result. The Ashtabula district, as
| it is generally called, is tbo most faith-
fill to its representative of any in the
north. It has had but four members iu
half a century.
HIS WORK IN CONGRESS.
In the Fortieth Congress Gen. Gar
field was chairman of the Committee
on Military Affairs. In the Fortr-first
he was given the chairmanship of
banking and currency, which he liked
much better, because it was in the
line of his financial studies. His next
promotion was to the chairman of the
appropriations committee, which be
held until the Democrats came into
power in the House in 1875. His chief
work on that committee was a steady
and judicious reduction of the expenses
of the government. In all the political
struggles in Congress he has borne a
leading part, his clear, vigorous and
moderate style of argument making
him one of the most effective deba
ters in either House.
When .Tames G. Blaine went to the
Senate, in 1877, the mantle of Repub
lican leadership in the House was by
common consent placed upon Garfield,
and he has worn it ever since. In Jan
uary last Gen. Garfield was elected to
the Senate to the seat which will 1k»
vacated by Allen G. Thurman on the
4th of March, 1881. He received the
unanimous vote of the Republican cau
cus, an honor never given to any man
of any party in the State of Ohio.
Since his election he has been the re
cipient of many complimentary mani
festations in Washington and in Ohio.
GARFIELD AS A LEADER.
Asa leader in the House he is more
cautious and less dashing than Blaine,
and his judicial turn of mind makes
him too prone to look for two sides of a
question for him to be an efficient par
tisan. When the issue fairly touches
his convictions, however, he becomes
thoroughly aroused and strikes tre
mendous blows. Blaine's tactics were
to continually harass the enemy by
sharpshooting surprises and pickot fir
ing' Garfield waits for an opportunity
to deliver a pitched battle, and his gen
eralship is showed to best advantage
when the fight is a fair one and waged
on grounds where each party thinks
itself strongest. Then his solid shots
of argument are exceedingly effective. (
On the stump Garfield is one of the
very best orators in the Republican
party. He has a good voice, an air of
evident sincerity, great clearness and
vigor of statement and a way of knit
ting his arguments together so as to
make a speech deepen its impression on
the mind of the hearer until the cli
max is reached.
Of his industry and studious habits
a great deal might be said, but a sin
gle illustration will have to suffice here
Once during the business part of a
very busy session at Washington I
found him in his library, behind a big
barricade of books. This was no unus
ual sight, but when I glanced at tho
volimns I saw that they were all dif
ferent editions of Horaca, or books re
lating to that poet. "I find that lam
overworked, and need recreation,"
said the General. "Now my theory is
that the l<est way to rest the mind is
not to let it be idle, but to put it at
something quiet outside of the ordi
nary lino of its employment. So lam
resting by learning all tho Congres
sional Library can show about Hor
ace and the various editions and trans
lation of his poem."
GARFIELD AT HOME.
Gen. Garfield is the possessor of two
homes, and his family migrates twice
a year. Some ten years ago, findiug
how unsatisfactory life was in hotels
and boarding houses, ho bought a lot
of ground on tho corner of thirteenth
and I streets in Washington, and with
money borrowed of a friend built a
plain, substantial three story house. A
wing was extended afterwards to make
room for the fast growing library. The
money was repaid in time, and was
probably saved in great part from what
would otherwise have gone to land
lords. The children grew up in pleas
ant homo surroundings, and tho house
became a centre of much simple and
cordial hospitality. Five or six years
ago the little cottage at Hiram was
sold, and for a time the only residence
tho Garfields had in hisdistrict was a sum
mer house he had built on Little Moun
tain, a bold elevation in Lake county,
which commands a view of 30 milts of
rich farming country stretched along
tho shore of Lake Erie. Throe years
ago he bought a farm in Mentor, in
the same county, lying on both sides
of the Lake Shore and Michigan
Southern Railroad. Here his family
spent all tho time when he is free from
his duties in Washington. The farm
house is a low, old fashioned, story
and-a-half building, but its limited ac
commodations have been supplement
ed by numerous out buildings, one of
which Gen. Garfield uses for office and
library purposes. Cleveland is only
twenty-live miles away, there is a
postofflce and a railway station within
half a mile, and tho pretty county
town of Painsvillo is but five miles dis
tant. One of the pleasures of tho sum
mer life on the Garfield farm is a drive
of two miles through the woods to the
lake shore and bath in the breakers.
Gen. (larliold has five children liv
ing, and has lost two, who died in in
fancy. The two older sons, Harry and
James, are now at school in New
Hampshire. Mary, or Molly as every
body calls her, is a handsome, rosy
cheeked girl of about 12. Tho two
younger boys are named Irwin and
Abrarn. The General's mother is still
living and haH long bocn a mcmlwr of
his family. She is an intelligent, ener
getic old lady, with a clear head and
a strong will, who keeps well posted
in the news of tho day, and is very
proud of her son's career, though more
liberal of criticism than of praise.
Gen. Garfield's district lies in the
extreme northeastern corner of Ohio,
and now embraces the counties of Ash
tabula, Trumbull, Geauga, Lake and
Mahoning. His old home county of
Portage was detached from it a year
ago. With the exception of tho coal
and iron regions in the extreme south
ern part, the district is purely a rural
one and is inhabited by a population
of puro New England ancestry. It is
claimed that there is less illiteracy In
proportion to the population than in
AUVEKTIMIVO BATKM,
One square. one insertion, f 1 ; evh subse
quent insertion, 00 cunts. Yearly advcrtiat-incnta
exceeding one-fourth of a column. $5 per inch.
Figure work doubfa these mtee; additional
charges where weekly or monthly charge* ire
made. Local cdveitiaemeuts 10 cents per linn
for insertion, and & ocutu per line for each
additional Insertion. Marriages and deaths pub
lished free of charge. Obituary notices charged
as adverti-emnnta, and payable when handed in
Auditors' Notices. $4 ; Executors' and Adminis
trators' Notices. $3 each; Est ray, Caution and
Dissolution Notices, not exceeding ten lines,
each.
From the fact that the Cmm is the oldes'
established and most extensively circulated Be
nublican newspaper in Butler county. (» Beput
lican county J it must be appareut' to business
men that it is the medium they should use in
advertising their business.
NO. 30
any other district in the United States.
In person Gen. Garfield is six feet
high, broad-shou!d«red and strongly
built. He has an unusually large
head, that seems to be three-fourths
forehead, light brown hair and l>oard,
large, light blue eyes, a prominent
nose and full cheeks. He dresses
plainly, is fond of broad-brim mod
slouch hats and stout boots, eats
heartily, cares nothing for luxurous
living, is thoroughly temperate in all
respects save in that of brainwork, and
is devoted to his wife and children and
very foud of his country home.
Among men he is genial, approaohabie
and a remarkably entcrtainiug talker.
SKETCH OF CHESTER A. ARTHUR.
Gen. Chester A. Arthur, the nomi
nee of the Rapublican party for the
Vice Presidency, is one of the best
known politicians in the State of New
York. He is a man of high character,
strict integrity, and of fine intellectual
power. He is a native of the State of
New York, and is now close upon fifty
years of age. For the most of his
life he has l>ecn engaged in mercantile
pursuits. He served in the war of the
rebellion, winning his way to the rank
of Major General. During the period
that he filled the position of Collector
of the Port of New York, he was noted
for his fine executive ability. The of
fice was exceptionally well managed,
and when President Hays removed
him, along with Cornell and Sharpe,
it was expressly stated that no fault
was found with his administration of
the office. He was removed because,
in defiance of the famous civil service
order of the President, he took an ac
tive part in State politics, serving on
the State Central Committee and go
ing to conventions. He was one of
Coukling's most trusted lieutenants,
and has been frcequently spoken of of
late as a candidate for the United
States Senate to succeed Senator
Kernan.
• THE DEAD EMPRESS.
PARIS, June I.—A St. Petersburg
correspondent telegraphs the following
this afternoon. The ceremony of the
translation of the remains of the Em
press from the Winter Palace to the
fortress took place to-day according to
the programme forwarded to you yes
terday. The rains, which fell in tor
rents all the morning, ceased at twelve
o'clock, just as the cortege began to
move. All the bells of the city gave
out mournful peals and the cannon of
the fortress and of two war vessels
moored along the quays kept up a
continual fire while the funeral car
pursued its majestic course. The Em
jieror, wearing a gray military cloak
and apparently very much affected,
followed on horseback, attended by all
the Russian and foreign Princes. Af
ter crossing the Neva, the cortege en
tered the fortress, the cannon ceased
and the religious service ceased.
AT THE CATHEDRAL.
On arriving at the fortress all thotia
who were at the funeral car withdrew.
Two heralds guarded the door of the
cathedral. The Ministers, Senators
and dignitaries entered and took their
places in the church, where the diplo
matic corps were already assembled
with their wives and such of the mem
bers of the court as had not taken part
in the procession. The Archbishop
commenced chanting the mass. When
the funeral car drew up at the entrance
of the church, four chamberlains re
moved the mortuary cloth and took it
into the cathedral. Then the Empe
ror, the Grand Dukes, the Prince Im
perial of Germany, the Archduke Wil
liam, of Australia, the Duke of llesse
and the Duke of Mecklenburg raised
the coffin, carried it into the church
and placed it in the catafalque. They
were preceded by the Metropolitan,
who is the head of all the clergy, and
were aided in carrying the coffin by
six grenadiers of the palace, six sub
officers of the curnssiers, the regiment
of the Empress and five Cossacks.
ROYAL MOURNERS.
The of Greece, the Czareona,
the Duchess of Edinburg and all the
Grand Duchesses descended from their
carriages and entered the chathedral.
Their long mourning trains wore borne
each by four pages. They took seats
in tho front. Their four Chamberlains
removed the lid of tho coffin and ex
posed to view tho body, which was
covered with the imperial mantal.
On the upjH;r cstrade of the catafalque
six captains of the guard took tbeif
places, and on the six steps 12 pageß,
cadents, sub-officers and timple sol
diers surrounded the catafalque. All
this took place to the sound of relig
ious music.
Then the Metropoltian, with tho
whole of the higher clergy, sang the
offee for the dead. This lasted about
an hour, after which tho Emperor, tho
Princes and Ihe Princesses withdrew.
Every one of course followed them,
and their remained round the catafal
que only the service of tho guard.
THE VAULT
where the body is to bo lowered on
Wednesday is already prepared. It
was constructed by a French architect
named Poiuuiier, and is two yards
wide by two long. During the cere
mony it was covered by boards, over
which a carpet was spread. A coffin
of.copper lies at the bottom. This
will receive tho shell in which tho
body now reposes, and will then bo
closed. There will then IKS closed.
There will JO two locks to it, tho key
of one of which will be delivered to
the Minister of the Imperial House
hold, and tho key of the second to tho
head of the clergy of tho cathedral.
The superb navo of the building was
dazzling with light. Tho ca.lodral is
of very small dimensions. Prayers
will be said there twice a day, from
seven to eleven o'clock in tho morning.
A South End man attended a circus
for the first time in thirty years, and
burst into tears at the vivid recollec
tions of his vanished youth, recalled
by the remarks of the clown.
In anc'ont days the precept was,
"Know tbyßelf." In moderen times it
has boon supplanted by the far more
fashloiable maxim, "Know thy neigh
bor and every thing about him."