LICAN
V:
THE" WHOLE ART OF GOVERNMENT CONSISTS IN THE ART OF BEING HONEST. JEFFERSON.
VOL. 13.
! STROUDSBURG, MONROE COUNTY, PA., THURSDAY, MARCH 24, 1853.
No 22.
J KITE
IAN
11 HjII
- , i '-I'' ' '
Published by Theodore Seliooh.
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,-Xs2ncliiar;
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ID Allletters addressed to the" Editor must be post
pmd. JOB PRINTING.
Having a general assortment of large, elegant, plain
and ornamental Type, wcare prepared
to execute every descriptionof
& &jsa&ar9 .
Cards, Circulars, Bill Heads, Notes, Blank Receipts
justices, Legal ana other Blanks. Pamphlets, &e.
printed with neatness and despatch, on reasonable
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A.T THE 0F1C O. '111
.Ycf fcrsouiaii Republican.
- ;
Real's dying Poenii
- i w i . .
John Keats on his death bed, and are
the last verse ever penned by that gifted
young poet. It will be remembered that
L died through iteM ,Hof on
r j e
01 iub tuw aouie, ;iuu uni us l crmcistus 01
GifFord, the English Juvenal. The youth-
ful poe was removed to Italv, where he
.- .. ... -i.:-.
ucu, u.iu iuu laau iub m-
ptpA were "I die of i lirofcpn lionrf " TTp
erea were, x aie oi a oroken neart. tie
was buried in the protestant burying-pi
place
at the base of the pyramid of Caius Ces
tius, near Home. Many pieces have ap
peared purporting to be his last pro
duction,
the last
but these now transcribed are
that over emanated from his
pen:
M' spirit's-lamp is faint and .weak,
My feeble .senses bow; . . :,f ",
Death's finger pales my fading cheek,
His seal is on my brow.
,T i
t -
My heart is as a withered le'afj . 1 1 -Each
fibre dead and sear; ' .
And near me sits the spectre ,griefr -f
To drain each burning tear. ... :
The earth is bright with buds and becsj
The air with purple beams
The winds are swimming in the trees,, .
Or sporting on the streams.
But not for me the blossom's breath,
Nor winds, nor sunny skies,
I languish in the arms of death,
And feed my soul with sighs.
I sigh to hope 'Come back again, -My
heart is weak for thee!;
But woe is me! my sighs are vain
She flies from misery.
It is not that I fear to die,
That burns my withered breast,.
But thus to waste with agony, . ,r .
And sigh in vain for rst. f
To count the minutes one by one, , .
And long for coming light, " . . ,
And ere the lingering day is done,r
To languish for the night. -
To feel that sinking of the mind,
That nothingness of soul, .
Where all is dead, and dark, and blind,
As drops of Lethe's bowl I ..
And yet, O sunny Italy!
'Twere sweet to find a tomb,
Where wild flowers ever strewn by, thee,
Above my couch shall .bloom.
Farewell my harp! I kiss thy strings,
Go hang thee in the bowers,
Where oft thy dreamy whisperings,
Have charmed the buried hour.3.
And if some finger fain would wake , .
Thine unremembered lay, . !
And bid thy sleeping silence' break','
Then haply, wilt thou say:
:.rr
'Oh! stranger, scatter roses,
And slips of cypress burn
A. broken heart reposes
Within this silent urn.'
Gold in the Custom House. There
is a room in the north-east corner of the
New York Custom House wbich contains
an enormous iron saje, the size 01 a log
cabin out west. This is called 'Uncle
Sam's'strong box.5 At the present mo-
ment said box contains ten tons of gold! ;
.morJc A ,;il,-rtn rtf rtr mrrtr
a ton and a half of ld is frenne.ntlv re-
j ii v v i n ? Tr ..i
eeiven in the Yew Vnrlr (Iiictnm I I OJise. '
The following lines were written by , "tt0 w"",i'lttlMUU "uuc Urta UtfUw
'it.- ,
The average quantity 0 gold kept there , All these we are. quite aware are '' 00, paid it over to the witch, who lmme-
isirom hve to fifteen tons. A ton ot gold ' , .i,. diately took French leave, 'lhe tanner dent
counts six,hundred thousand dollars and, ... . . lhas attemnted to kill himself, and is now;
m one day, but the general average r.e-! those now intently engrossed in the dis
ceipts ; are from two threp hundred ous-,. . we Lave no de-
and dollars a day. lt is seldom that a ,
large sum is cou
ntcd: The banks andsiresto represent tne outgoing miu- j
tventy dollar jrold pieces, tration as faultless our columns will j
'. r??: K - i
the Mint bag up twenty
lally ;
in ms nt trom S-UUU to SOUUU each. u fbot ivp evnnserl .md P nnA b-niSoniv nf nnl b ennui expenueu unacr uie
TbeKe. are firmlr tied and sealed, audi , .. i.,J . ii : i ... . . f .-..L-pdenti in addition to the
tW l,m band to hand V and "provca itsuiw xreey nav, t0 marme, ana presenting a mucn greater of BUch furnilure and
J r ----- , .i.i '1.1 l !ti i.;. Inf hnvrt 111 O r ' 4- f I. n n i tr L'infl llnncn ln mil r.t
repived in the Custom House ';uumuuuuou lta "w- ,uu v-Vi j.rcwsuvuw iu.uouu.ua yu u. auj u u..ijr
without opening.
Books Postcdi
The Neiv York Tribune sums up the
: , r11-.. mi -itti . i
; accounts as lOllOWS: lhe Y hlg party has
surrendered the Administration of
! the General Government, which,.like,those
,ofour State and City Governments, is
: ,n. ,n-lnflir : xi, l-j- -xr ; !.,,
no Completely m the hands Of its prmci
pal antagonists. Though embarrassed
jand crippled by distraction in its own
j councils and a strong adverse majority
. throughout in both Houses of Congress,it
i has done some things worthy of note on a
! transfer of the Executive power-possibly
j r " r
of remembrance hereafter,
,
I It has preserved Peace from first to
, w in. the face of a strong normlar ten-1
' , . , . A, . t x
ucuuj wtwuu aggrussiuu uu tuo ngnts oi
1 neighboring Nations. No .Foreign State
liicrtrttv V1 i rt J - p tt f line
had reason to
complain ot any dehciency in goodi" .w
ifh or good neighborhood on the. part'n the g8 msmt7 of th.e defunct -
' of our Government since Gen. Taylor's Jt J te as e11 to Promise that.
inauguration. And there is not to-day a! ?residlDS judge was not only convivial
sneck of war unon our horizon, nor is
L -- ,
there likely to be until our Government
4 fit to create it.
' It has done all that it has had nower
v..n, alwUnmlin, :, rf1lic
to ao lor iS.ational development and Indus -
r
"i progress .Never crowding upon tbe
Abor trinal tribes, t bono-1 sometimes eon-
o j '-o .
strained to repel their savage forays on ,
our border settlements, it has purchased
, many unions or acres or tne territories
! and Paid them liberally therefore. It has
expended Millions in organizing, protec
1 ting, surveving, &c, the New Territories know not whetter ll was admira- j make the counters, pasting the backs, on by the strong, willing arm of the grog
J acquired under its predecessor from Mex- tion o" th de?CaS.cd b?dJ r tbe i ininSS, ad counters together; then fol- seller.
ico or created of out our more
Northerly
J
"iTomnin Tlnrinrr ifa fnnr rnnra InrrrA ciitiic
, , , . , ,T .
have been expended in building Custom -
rr t nan Ar tj- -j. i
X-r. in allivn-f, nf Mi- Hnnnfrr And
xi i : n , j t m ,
U . ., en . ,
I uiojuncj ui uuugress iu its uaruesii
efforts to effect something for our more
, j'ljTii.-! -i.1
'exposed and crippled Industrial pursuits,!
!,, , j ,. P t- c 1.1 ,
'ir. nno find flio cotictn nfinn nt nhfiiminir rf.
(. . . . ..
least one .handsome Appropriation ror
n: .i TT.t. t -i
i.vivur uuu naruor -uiprovuuieuii, iiuui
to that vetoed by Polk during the pre-1
vious administration.
It leaves about Sixteen
it-Mi-
hard Coin in the Treasury, although the
second great source of National income
the Public Lands have been nearly
sequestrated throughout its term by the
issues of Bounty "Warrants to soldiers in
the Mexican and earlier wars. And, al
though the nofcffnal reduction of our Pub-
lie Debt under the Whig Administration
j has not been large, yet the real reduction
of that Debt, through the payment of In-
i demnity to Mexico and to our own citi
zens holding claims against her for Spoli
ations which our Government contracted
by the Treaty of Peace to satisfy, the
payment of Indemnity to Texas for the
cnrronnW nf ber nrofcmcimiR tn WMv.ttuu mali lua) uv aa-a!
w r w - "
ico, the payment of Fremont's and other
claims against the Government, and the ( Fairfield, Michigan, lately, Ezra Orcutt
allotment of Bounty Lands to old soldiers billed some fat sheep; and in'cutting up
(which is only 'justifiable on the assump-' tlQ talow ich was found over the sto
tion that it is done in satisfaction of an lmVici of one of them, he saw the imprint
.equitable claim on the .Nation) must alto-
gether amount
jarg
i .. i -v-r . in i' i i i .
finally, the national rcait stanas
higher at this moment than ever before,
land a Loan could be effected on terms
more favorable to the Treasury than at
t more favorable to the Ireasury than at
any former period.
Such are the material circumstances
I under which the Whig party surrenders
,to its antagonist the Executive power of
the Federal Government. Its brief of-
ficial ascendency has not been brilliant,
j forit has stolen nothing from other na-
tions; it has not been eventful and stirring
..for it has waged no war upon Industry, 1
inmnmorne or HrenMt at, bome. NTo honest.
' V , , ;
nTifAvnficinv lo nmrfitirr rtifi'nr lioo 3lrtnr.
. enterprising, law abiding citizen has slept
iperturbedly through the niht from ap-'
hcn8ion tliat gome Removbal of tlie De.
. 1
sits Specie Circular, or what not,wou!d
derange his business or blast his prospects
before morning. f
i'roffressive age ana witn bucu a x-rofirea-,
sive people as ours. We do not hope by
xi i. xi 4.-
nMcnnfinn .f ham tn nrrssf t.lie attention nti
. ' , V
come aJLiui; ayen within tha ncxfjiour j
to many Millions ofDol-openthe tallow, and the mysterious hand "following flattering compliment to the worKs, sub-uooreepers, Messengers,
I dropped out, and hung by one or two "Democratic" masses, now mrmingat;
-m - . r 1 1 1 . 1
years, when to have sedulously maintain
ed Peace, Thrift, material Progress and
Public Credit, may be regarded as some
thing more than negative merits, and a
gainst that day (may it be ever so dis
tant!) we have made up this brief and
hasty record.
Sensible to the Last
It has long been observed by medical
writers that' death is frequently preced
ed by insanity, a fact which has occas
ioned the remark that it was not aston
ishing, for every body knew that when
folks get madder they were about to dye.
This reminds us of a case which occurred
' manv vears afro in the Philadelphia court.
- "
;vher0 a Prctty younS dow was in dang-
er oosng two-thirds of her husband's
. . ,. w, A. ,. if . , .
1 efltvt.e? biR rolntitroa rrrnnrirlinT fhoir nlnim
. a ISO very gallant.
, , , . , ,
. hat husband slast ironbl'
attorney.
The Pretty ung widow blushed, and
looking down replied, 'I'd rather not tell.'
( . fe . r j
nnt inrlnfld vnn mmf. ma'am. Ymir
J ' ,
JUUOU uo
Still blushing, the widow declined to
tell. At last a direct appeal from the'rectimr buildings durincr the last three
bench elicited the information.
Io said, 'Kiss me, Polly, and open
fi f filwn0 f nUmJ
" G "
mu lua" luai'liCU
: j.-j. i, i, -:,! :m, n
ilictauL, uut llis uu uuuu uiiuu iritu. mi tuc
1
j enthusiasm of conviction, Sensible to the
' , , '
last, by Blackstone!'
There is another story of that ilk which
. is none the worse for being Sootch
An old man about to bid his last, adieu i
' n ,
. Iiorl hio tnnnHc rollrtf noil'
, . . . i
when he was aesirea ny ms wne to
. .
what debts were owing him.
o
tell
i 'There's old hiddons owes me hve
shil-
t lines for mutton.
"
Och,' interjected the delighted hclp-
iul ciiq ieu P"j
at this time O day,
? mate, 'to see a man
it
I .1 " 1. X. 1.:.-. nnnnnn
aau Jllat JJUUll v;iu uia iaai auvuuuu,
- . .... .
hae the use o'his faculties just say awa,
-r j
CS A '
'Ay, and Eoy, ten shillings for beef.'
'What a pleasant thing to see a man
bein' sensible to the last only mair
but no to distress yourself?'
'An' Lane, a crown for a cow's hide.'
'Ay,' quoth the wife, 'sensible yet
well, James, what was't ye was gaun to
say? '
'Nae mair,' quoth James ; 'but
awin Jock Thompson twa pound in bal-
U 4X Will
'Hoot, toot,' quoth the wife, 'he is a
ravin,' too he's just ravin'; dinna mind
: J U.i 1. ?
A Curious Gob of Tallow. In
0f a sman child's hand. He then broke
small cords by tne wrist, inesaw yr-
i i it . mi i r
cutt then spoke to his wire, and told her
,to. se,e. what ?e had discovered Why,
f 1 , sTe ' lfc, 18 a ? y t ihe
hand , d th ohr t appearance
J 0f the hand of a small child. T his state-
rnent is solemnly made by Mr. Orcutt. .
The piece of tallow is covered with tho ,
. Toledo Tlnrle.
wfao says ifc ig amarveii0us curiosity, and
js an eact mould of a baby's hand and
-wrist. Where's Barnuni ?
pED 0UT 0F Thirteen Thousand I
,TjAM rphe Brookivn Earie Ba ' a
T.-.T.i.-j !.-:' i
Knnn n 1 nf nvnef nH 111 flirt cnirirnfil iirtlncinn
become interested in the spiritual delusion
got entrapped by a 'medium' a Mrs.
French of Pitteburg-who obtained So
much influence over him, that he was m-
duced t fcurn u hig properfcy into cash)
and even forced his wife to give-up her
interest, and having obtained about 813,-
vrrt vrlr T.nnot;. Au .,m ne
bns wife and two interesting dau.hters.
The latest application of Indian rubber,
is in veneering furniture. The surface is :
' ... " .
covered with a veneering ot rubber, or
any desired color, possessing a hardness!
j j r o ,
veneering..
Boot-Making in Milford, (Mass.)
We copy the following sketch of boot
making in Milford (Mass.) from the cor
respondence of the Boston Commonwealth.
It will be for our readers an interesting
piece of statistics:
Until within twenty years agriculture
was the principal occupation of the in
habitants, and the town produced con
siderable quantities of cheese, butter,lard,
pork, and beef, perhaps equal to any in
the Commonwealth.
At the present time the town is devo
ted principally to the manufacturing of
boots. In 1837 there weie 128,000 pairs'
of boots manufactured in this place, val
ued at 8212,500, and giving employment
to 342 persons. This branch of business
made but slow progress at first here-a-bouts;
for we find that in 1843 there were
only 155,000 pairs of boots made here.
But what it lacked in speed then it has
more than made un in nrotrress since-for
lUic UUdU maue UU 1U IJlUi'ieoa biLllA,, 1U1
one firm made 135,000 pairs,
A gentleman immellseiy interested in
, the boot business, to whom I am indebted
for many acts . of courtesy in me
mat luinora aiu not couiain a aanay nor
a loafer. Indeed: there is work for every
body, and every body appears to be at
work.
The unrivalled prosperity of this town
.is much indebted to the generous enter-
; . &
nnse of Godfrey & Mayhew, one of the
j oldest and pr0minent business firms
'JnAwn nr.fl fn Anrnn fllinflin P.qn TObn
J , ' d d 1 1 t 35.000 in c -
. ,
J0?8 ' t .
The first process of making a boot is
to block the fronts, then crimp them,then
T-ilnrl.- flirt Viortl.-C flirtn liirtrti- ilm linJTifrc
Vu'" . .u,s u
intr. sidinnr. turmncr. cutting soles, bottom -
i o oi oi o i
t er 1 it . 1
ing, buflfng, making the drop stitch,
blacking the edges, treeing, varnishing,
gilding, and packing. A boot passess
through not less than twenty hands
be"
rore it is reaay ior tne mamec.
ni i 0 n ,i ,
lirierwnofl v, iTOfltrev. r.he inventors
in i in; limit
flio iT,in"i.;nr, Virtrtf iin-no rtiirtiia.
tablisnment,
A short description of it, I
am sure, will not be uninteresting to the
general reader. The building is located
n i fi ..i i :xi j.
cn Pearl street, three stories high without
tbe hnqement nnrl 40 lw HO feet. Tbe
the basement, and 40 by 50 feet. The
first room I visited is used for receiving
boots, as they come in by the car load
n l xencm-n 1nn.il frnm tbe bn.nflBin rllf-
. tiMcwu v J
1. ll f ll, C?J.4. T tl.Ir. n'
lciout jJUiuuiis ui liic otULC. ii luia u-
i . .ti -i 7 i . i I r-
partment there were stacks and stacks ot
1 V.I A
I boots. In the next room were heaps ot
l-In nrroin tvov nnlf i-innmnl nnrl lininrr
J.AU, tl , VUUj yV., u
leather. Next came the room where the
uppers are cut. In the basement there
is a room for storing sole leather, adjoin-
ing which is another for cutting soles.
Tnnnotber.nart.ment 14 treers were at
work, with their sleeves up, and pots of,
blacking-gum and oil before them. These
stout, hearty fellows once treed 294 cases
i i i i -i - .
ior coots m a angle week. une man
?Vin boots in tbnt. t, me. at. 75 rents ner.
dozen, earning $22,50 in six days. In
the packing and drying room an immense
quantity of boots hung like a black cloud
L "1U-, .iU ,u i 1UU "ru
were at wor mauing tne arop or linita-j
finn ctifrti, TOi,;rti, ; tn fi,0 .ni ctitnb
what the demagogue is to the patriot. , ege fAlthe fact' Ac miserable man torn-Aw.-i.
u ;.0rt-frt-f;f u irtt-a 1 ed off the nauseous draught at a single
the genuine 'article.' Then wo visited
the crimping room, the buffing room, the
closing room, &c.
The New York Evening Post pays the
I TIT 1 l
vmngion:
A large-proportion of the population of
asllington at present consists of fugi-!
tives from labor and fugitives from justice. 1
ln the first class are compmed those who
are too azy or otlierwise incompCtcnt to '
i- nT1,i i,rt wnrif f, norn.
ment to SUpporfc theni fugitives
from justice are these who have been cud-
gelled from home by their own party, and
go to vashmgton to make a market for
their wounds.
An etlitor hl Arkansas was lately shot
in an affray. Luckily the ball came a-
, n . -i . , , .
gaiD a oanuie 01 unpaia nccouninn ms
. .
pocKet. l!,ven gunpowder could not get
through unpaid newspaper bills, and the
.
editor saved his life by the delinquency
of his subscribers.
The I'residciit's Blouse.
Congress has been liberal in giving Prcsi-
Pierce an outfit. Hie appropriations
were as follows :
1'or reoainnff the President s Mansion, n-
cadmS cleaning, painting, whitewashing ex-
tendmcr t e east win? of the oflices, for car-
. " w.n
ria're houses, &c, S7.300 ; and for heatiiiff.
ventilating, painting the exterior; painting
",e wans anu ceilings or me rooms on tne
first floor, and the nurchnse of books for the
Presideut.8 lihrarv ;29,500. i
For refurnishing the President's House, to
,- ..... r., i.
rlirnntmn nf tho lr.
proceeds of the sale
equipage of tjje paid
rcpn.ir and ;ui;fit for,
A Hard Way to get Rum.
The editor of the Temperance Battery
has been perambulating upper Misssouri
lately, and writes thus to his paper from
Hannibal :
For a Quart of Liquor. Judge Gore of
this (Hannibal, Mo.) related to us the fol
lowing as coming under his own observa
tion. Tom Mc. was a confirmed sot; had
made a, perfect beast of himself, with the
help of the grocery keeper. On one oc
casion Tom went to the grog-shop, out of
money and credit too, and begged for
some whiskey.
The grog-seller promised him a quart,
upon consideration that he would take ten
lashes upon his bare back, with a raw
hide; and all the while keep his thumbs
in two auger holes bored into the whip
ping post. Mac. at last agreed to the hard
bargain, stripped off, and received eight
severe lashes without flinching; the ninth
was very hard, and the poor fellow jerk
ed his thumb out of the auger hole. By
the torms of his bargain he must lose the
whisky or take the lashes over again
He stood.up to. it again, but at the ninth
lash acain flinched, jerking his thumb out
w . . rni
of the auger hole. The grog-seller was
meXOrabe QO WOUld not abate One OI tne
1 lashes. And now noor Mac. determined
a
in u r,; nrl fwn trmmk
! in the auger holes, apparently with a
; 65 , , ,
dcathgnP'est00dltthlsim
ten. makinf? in all twentv-eisht lashes, laid
ien tho poor fellow having nothing
. . .... .... . ,
else into which the quart of whiskey could
be put, was obliged by the heartless gro-
eery keeper, to receive it in his old felt
hat. in which he carried it off the nrice
: vi,i a r.,..
vl uia uwu uiuuu. it;r una, iuu
'
.
m his
poor drunKard went to a doctor
neighborhood, and begged lor whisky.
The doctor to satisfy himself of the truth
0f -j e respecting the great
r a o
, -
strengtn 01 tUe
- , . .
lo g1 mm lue P"" wuuluou
that Mac. would suffer the first joint of
Uia fluiTv.'K f- "Ua nnt nff f n fliio bo o.
lt) tUUUlM L V VU J.V tlliJ w
fTreecl And the doctor tOOk OUt hlS linile
.. - . .....
-
j '
, , , fl , .
6 1
an
tO the bODC.
This satisfied him that he would really
submit to the amputation, rather than lose
thc wbisky and he bound up the wound
... . , ,
and let him have the quart of liquor.
Another time, the same man applied to
Judge fcrore for a dram he .begged 'qn
iv one glass.' The Judge at last con
i w
toM him tave it providcd he
"UUiVt " uv Lvl,u
tartar emetic, ipecacuanha and assafctida
as he would put into it. Mac. consented,
anj doctor drugged the gill of whisky
! with the above articles to the extent that
, . . . .... ,
he supposed was safe. With a full know!
'swallow and was of course made
a
VIO-
, ienuJ Sit,h-
The Usual Extra Compensation.'
Congress employs twico as many sub-
orbitantlv. The least efficient men get
3 pcr day for very short and light days1
work. The pages (mere lads of 12 to 15
years) receive 810 50 per week. And in
addition to this it has become a habit to
vote them all 8250 each at the close of
ooa(3;nT1 na tfbrt wml rrtrn. (.nmnm.
sation.' It began with a vote of that sum
at the close of a very long an rather ar
duous Session, when it was pleaded that
the underlings had been worked very hard
and had fairly
earned
something more
than ordinary.
Then
and P11550'1 a3 iextra compensation;' ev
sin?e lt. been 'the extra compc
sation.' ii auy or tno boys couiu not earn
S'l per week any where else in the world;
'
yct they are paid 810 50 pcr weok for
attending on Congress a few hours each
'1 .1 in . . . 1 . i ii . i
day in the dullest part of the year, and
then 820. additional per week at the close
of the Session as 'the usual extra com
pensation.' In return for thi3, they pay
in some 5 each for a liberal 'spread' of
cold fowl, ham, brandy, wine, &c, which
is set out in, some sly Committee-room of
"" "T1"1 u" u,6"w uv-u
.1 n i i 1 f 1 n
8n lor tho members to get drunk and
quarrel some upon. J hat is to say
i i
the
Members take out of the Treasury some
S30.000 or .'10,000 to give to their Mcs-
sengers, Pages, &c. who gratofully coutri
w ' cn nnn an apu
7flU7T : U1 - - - -
'ic members jolly over night and sayage-
Iv sick rfexfcdav. ( if eonrse. all tho Mem.
W uu- -l UUlirou, uu tuo iuuiu
"ers Uo not vote tor tne swindle, nor do
all partake ot tho tipple; but tho business
is so managed that tho people iconnqt Know
who does or does not. inounc.
Agricultural.
Alum Soils.
The alum of commerce consists of sul
phuric acid, alumina and potash. Alum
ina is never found pure in nature except
in the ruby and sapphire, which consist
of crystalized alumina combined withsomo
coloring matter. Alum is the basis of
all clay soils, in which it is always com
bined with silex or sand. The purity of
the clay used in the arts, depends upon
the greater or less amount of sand com
bined with it. Clay has a strong affinity
for water, and absorbs and retains it in
large quantity, thus rendering the soil in
which it abounds, wet and cold.
It is very adhesive. Its particles have
a strong attraction for each other, ren
dering the soil firm and compact. Much
force is required to plow or work it. The
roots of trees and other vegetables pene
trate it with difficulty. Hence a strong
clay soil is both difficult to cultivate and
unproductive. It requires sufficient sand
mixed with it to separate its particles, and
overcome their tenacity, so that the ten
der and delicate radicles of plants can
readily penetrate them. In a sandy soil,
the particles are so loosely attached to
each other, and have so little tenacity,
! that water percolates freely through them,
ana sufficient moisture is not retained to
supply the demands of vegetation,
, f h two elements in
, qrnrn'hlp nrrmnrrinrts ennsritnf PS trip rinsis
! of all P-00d soils. Different vegetables
, a
! reauire different nronortions of these in-
! gredients. Some require more clay and
, some more sand, some love a moist soil
Clay has another
retaining moisture, which is of immense
importance to vegetation. It has a strong
affinity for carbonic acid and ammonia,
and when turned up by the subsoil plow,
it rapidly condenses them from the at
mosphere.
j In light sandy soils, a certain amount
I t clay is always found, commonly from
f ten to niteen per cent. A
Ti T rrtPTi npr rtrtnr cntin vr ino m
f P. 1 A 1 1
WWU W i & U A 1 ' U A U U U W uM . AWUftU
contains troni tmrty to lorty per cent, or
i
per cent. The stillest clay soils contain
t from eighty to ninety per cent.
Ifc is often desirable to ascertain whatpro
i .r. i i r- .i -
-. : portions of elavorsand are found in nar-
ticular soils. This may be done with suf-
tficient accuracy for all agricultural pur-
poses, by putting a portion of the soil in-
' tn five or siv times iter treiorbt. nf wnfo-r
: w " " " v . w..vw - - ' ' ww ,
1 lw.1.:. XL o. n -r. ,1 il.
l3"-1" aiaiwj, aiiti juui ili tue
ture into a deep glass vessel or tube. A
common lamp funnel, with one end set
upon a ball of putty or clay, will answer
"very well. Leave the mixture at rest in the
glass. The course sand will soon be seen
collecting at" the bottom. The finer sand
will form a second layer, and the clay
the upper or third layer. By observing
the amount of each thus deposited, we
may obtain a sufficiently accurate notion
of the proportion of each ingredient in
the soil.
A good soil must have clay enough to
retain the water, the carbon, the lime, the
ammonia, and .other aliments that minis
ter to the growth of plants, so that they
may be found and absorbed by the roots,
as they stretch themselves among the par
ticles of the soil, feeling after the kind of '
nutriment which they need. At the same
time it must contain sufficient sand, to al
low the surplus matter to settle through
it, so mat tne sou snail not be too wet or
too stiff. Different vegetables, a3 has
been already remarked, require different
proportions of these elements. Herds
grass is fond of a moist soil, containing a,
large proportion of clay while clover de
lights in a mellow, loamy soil. Rye
thrives best in a war,m, sandy soil while
wheat requires stronger soil, with a larger
proportion of clay. Doth require a good
supply of lime. The art of mixing soil in
proportions, suited to the crops that are
to be put upon them, is one of the most
important that can engage the attention
of the farmer. Whenever Massachusetts
shall establish an agricultural college, tho
study of this subject will demand its share
of time and talent, lhe ancient Italians,
as we learn from Virgil, understood that
certain soils were suited to certain crops;
but it does not appear that they knew
how to supply the elements that were
wanting, or to neutralize those that wore
injurious by the addition of others, that
would combine with them, and form usc
fulor at least innocent compounds.
This is an art that belongs to modern
times. It has receive'd but little attention,
as yet, in'this country. Its importance
will be more and more estimated, as ma
nures become more expensive, and more
difHcult to obtain. Vr. E. Fanner.
Early Potatoes. The small potatoes
are those which produce the earliest crop.
When it is desirable to have potatoes yer
ry early, a quantity of the smallest sized
tubers should bo selected and deposited
in stable manure, where the fermentation
will stimulate the genus, and cause them,
to send forth sprouts in a few days. They
may then be planted out, if the weather
and soil are favorable, and in a few weeks
well advanced, and sufficiently large to
hoe, The potato, in this way, is frequent
ly advanced from two to three weeks of
ten four. Gemuuitoich Telegraph.