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The WHOLE ART OF GOVERNMENT CONSISTS IN THE ART OF BEING HONEST. Jefferson.
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ArPL.
10.
STRO UDSBURG, MONROE COUNTY, PA., THURSDAY, JUNE 6, 1850.
No: -4lr.
o :
Published by Theodore Scliocli.
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V AT THE OFFICE OF THE
. Jef fersonian Republican .
TRUE FREEDOM.
A Tyrant needeth not a throne,
To win the hated name ;
Who ruleth not his household well
Must own the Tyrant's shame.
Who tramples down of slaves but one,
Is e'en a worthless thing ;
No matter be his titled great, ;
Or be he one of small estate,
Or master, lord, or king.
The husband loving not his wife
Parent to child unkind
Who shuns his home for brutal joys,,"
To suit a brutish mind,
Whoever harms a brutal thing,
Whate'er may be its name
The ass that bears its daily toil.
Or meanest worm that crawls the soil;
Must own the tyrant's shame.
When peace prevails in every home,
When kindred love is found
And each to all shall feel the tie,
Brother to borlhers bound ;
When none shall dare a deed to do
Which others' wrong may be, - 4 ..
But each shall govern well his hearty
And shun himself the tyrant's part, "
Then then mankind is fuce.
t a-
Old Stvle Hymns. The following verses
are correct specimens 01 tne oj rrwis sung uiuu-
gregational churches before the days of Lr.
Watts, and which were gradually made to give
place 0 .he hymns now in use, u .he Tfor
ha.mony and beauty increased in our churches. :
A off and ;
c .i 1 : r
tung one line at a lime :
"This like the precious ointment
Down Aaron's beard did go :
Down Aaron's beard it downward went.
His garment skirts unto. j
Annilmra ion of an address 10 whales, and
other bi fish, as well as to torn-cods, flounders,
sculpins, eels and oiher small fry
Ye monsters of the hubb'ling deep,
Your Maker's praises spout ;
TTn frnm thfi sands ve codlings DeeD.
f . - J CS & i '
And wag your tails about.
There is much truth if not poetry in theVfol-;
lowing :
" "The race is not forever got
By him who fastest runs ;
Nor the battle by those people,
Who shoot the longest guns," . ,
' The following address to the Sun, chimes
very woll with the preceding, although of more
modem origin :
11 All I, C1 fVist, nlnrinno Sun I
tll nail muu giunuua
Bright as a new tin pan !
Thou roundest, fairest, purest source
Of bread and cheese to man !"
v-'A Dandy's Bhains. A couple of fellows in
lew York, happened to take a fancy to a young
lady, and one of them sent the other a challenge,
which was accepted, and accordingly they pro
ooAoA tn thf JprsGvs to trv the cold lead. The
seconds loaded the pistols with nothing but pow
der. The one who received the challenge put a
rotton ess into his pocket ; and when the pistols
were discharged the dandy standing ready to fall
from the fright, received the egg plump m the
forehead, which knocked his spindle shanks to the
ground ; and applying both hands to his face
scraped off the matter, and turned his eyes iuiiy
toward heaven, exclaimed, w See ! O, see my
brains !"
Bcatli from taking Wild Cherry Tree
Bark.
; We have the facts of the following case from
Dr. N. H. Carey, of Wayne, in this county, who
?was called to the patient, but too late to save her.
In March last Mrs. Carey House, of Wayne, aged
about thirty, having been unwell some two or
three weeks, prepared a strong decoction of the
Joark of the wild black cherry tree. (Prunus Vir
ginica,) to which she added a spoonful of gin, and
drank about half a pint of it. She immediately
became sick and convulsed, and died in three
hours. When Dr. Carey arrived she was nearly
dead; the pupils of her eyes were dilated to the
utmost extent, her face exhibited, singular distor
tions, and her breath-emitted a strong oder of prus
sic acid.
t'was this acid, which is continued in thisspe
ciesthe cbeny, that .caused .death. We have
seen caives poisoned bleating, freely of the leaves.
InfmoderalWd6ses?:thi8'bark is ah excellent tonic,
tfut in large concentrated doses; it is' a dangerous
article. Augusta (Me.) Farmer,
Formation of the Constitution.
The following sketch from the pen of Gen. Jo
nathan Dayton, one of the farmers of the Consti
tution, brought afresh before the public by a cor
respbndent of the New York Observer, will be
iead with interest, even by that portion of our
readers who may have perused it :
"I was, (said Gen. Dayton) a delegate from
New Jersey in the General Convention which as
sembled in Philadelphia, for the purpose of digest
ing a Constitution for the United Stales, and I be
lieve the youngest member of that body. The
great and good Washington was then our Presi
dent, and Dr. Franklin among other great men
was a delegate from Pennsylvania. A disposition
was soon discovered in some members to display
themselves in oratorical flourishes but the good
sense and discretion of the majority put down all
such attempts We had convened to deliberate
upon, and if posible, effect a great national object
to search for political wisdon and truth ; these
we meant to pursue with simplicity, and to avoid
every thing which would have a tendency to di
vert our attention or perplex our scheme;
A variety ol projects were proposed all repub
lican in their general outlines, but differing in
their details. It was therefore determined that
certain elementary principles should at first be es
tablished, in each branch of the intended Consti
tution and afterwards the details should be de
bated and filled up.
There was little or no difficulty in determining
upon the elementary principles such as for in
stance that government should be a republican
representative government that it should be di
vided into three branches, 1. e. Legislative, Exec
utive and Judicial, &c, But when the organiza
tion of the Legislative branch came under consid
ation, it was easy to be perceived that the Eastern
and Southern States had distinct interests, which
it was difficult to reconcile and that the large
j States were disposed to form a Constitution, in
which the smaller States would be mere appen
dages and satelites to the larger ones. On the first
of these subjects much animated and somewhat
angry debate had taken place, when the ratio of
representation in the lower house of Congress was
before us the Southern States claimed for them
selves the whole number of black population;
while the Eastern States were for confining the
elective franchise to freemen only, without respect
to color.
As the different parties adhered, pertinaciously
tQ lhejr djffeient posjlionSj it was feared that this
u an insurmountable obstacle ; but as
r ..-j nn
the members were already generally sat, ned no
constitution could be formed, winch would meet
the views and subserve the interests of each in-
dividual State, it was evident that it must be a
matter of compromise and mutual concession.
Under these impressions, and with these views, it
was agreed at length that each State should be
entitled to one delegate 111 the House of Kspresen-
tatirea for every 30,000 of its inhabitams-in
which number should be included three fifths of
the whole number of their slaves.
When the details of the House of Representa
tives were disposed of, a more knotty point pre
sented itself in the organization of the Senate,
The larger states contended that the same ratio as
to States should be common to both branches of
1 the Legislature, or, in others words, that each
j State should be entitled to a representation in the
! Senate, (whatever might be the number fixed on.)
1 in proportion to its population as in the House of
, Representatives. The smaller states, on the oth
er hand contended, that the House of Representa
tives might be considered as the guardian of the
liberties of the people, and therefore ought to have
a just proportion to their numbers ; but that the
Senate represented the sovereignty of the Slates,
and that as each state, whether great or small,
was equally an independent and sovereign state,
it ought in this branch of the Legislature to have
equal weight and authority. Without this they
said, there would be no security for their equal
rights, and they would, by such a distribution of
power, be merged and lost in the larger states
This reasoning, however plain and powerful,
had but little influence on the minds of the dele
gates from the larger States ; and as they formed
a large majority of the Convention, the question,
after passing through the forms of debate, was de.
cided that each State should be represented in the
Senate in proportion to its population.
When the Convention had adjourned over to the
next day, the delegates of the four smaller States,
viz ; Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Jersoy and
Delaware, convened to consult what course was
to be pursued in this important crisis at which we
had arrived. After serious investigation, it was
solemnly determined to ask for a reconsideration
the next morning ; and if it was not granted or
if, when granted, that offensive feature of theCon
stiiution could not be expunged, and the smaller
States put on equal footing with the largest, we
would secede from the Cenvention ; and returning
to our constituents, inform them that no compact
could be formed with the larger States, but which
would sacrifice our sovereignty and independence
I was deputed to be the organ through which
this communication should be made. I know not
why, unless it be that young men are generally
chosen to perform rash actions. Accordingly,
when the Conveniton had assembled, and as soon
as the minutes of the last meeting were read, I
rose ana siaieu me non
. . . 1 Ci mi.. Aaaxra In rtn in a
canization 01 me oeiuue, um u,a..
reconsideration and suitapie moaincauwu ui ui
article, and in, failure thereof ourdetermination to.
secede from the. Convention .arid'Veturne.d to .our
constituents
This disclosure, it may readily be supposed, pro
duced an immediate and great excitement in every
part of the house. Several members were imme
diately on the floor to express their surprise or in
dignation. They represented that ihe question
had received a full and fair investigation, and had
been definitely settled by a large majority.
That it was altogether unparliamentary and un
reasonable for one of the minority to propose a re
consideration at the moment their act had become
a matter of record, and without pretending that
any new light could be thrown on the subject.
That if such a precedent should be established, it
would in future be impossible to say when any
point was distinctly settled, as a small minority
might at any moment, again and again, move and
obtain a reconsideration. They therefore hoped
the Convention would express its decided disap
probation, by passing silently to the business be
fore them.
There was much warm and some acrimonious
feeling exhibited by a number of the speakers a
rupture appeared almost inevitable, and the bosom
of Washington seemed to labor with the most anx
ious solictude for its issue. Hapily for the United
States, the Convention contained some individu
als possessed of talants and virtues of the highest
order, whose hearts were deeply interested in the
establishment of a new and efficient form of gov
ernment, and whose penetrating minds had already
deplored the evils which would spring up in our
newly established republic, should the present at
tempt to consolidate it prove abortive. Among
these personages the most prominent was Dr.
Franklin. He was esteemed the Mentor of our
body. To a mind naturally strong and enriched
by much reading and the experience of many
years, he added a manner of communicating his
. l,...,rvl,r, nfiliofUr tile nWli in which simDlicitV.
IIIUULLIIIO UliUUUUlli v...... ... j J '
j . ,u .,. !. ac ,-nnn 1
beauty, and strength, were conspicious. As soon,
u , . .un u j nr-a0nfAoA hm hirl
as the angry orators who had preeceded him naci
,r.i..- 1 .i,n TWnr mc. p.riHntlv
impressed with the' weight of the subject before ; and carried -.-whether under the silent disappro
them. and. the difficult of managing it successful- j ballon of Mr. or his solitary negative, I do not
" We have arrived, Mr. President," said he " at
a very momentous and interesting crisis in our de
liberations. Hitherto our views have been as har
monious, and our progress as great as could rea
cnrmhlv havn been exDected. But now an un-
looked for and formidable obstacle is thrown in our !
way, which threatens to arrest our course, and, if,
not skillfully removed, to render all our fond hopes (
nf nonstitntion abortive. The "round which '.
has been taken by the delegates of the four smal-
lest States was as unexpected to me, and as re-
Tenant to mv fpolinoc. ns it rnn hp. in anv member
S ua "Ullb j j
of this Convention. 'After what I thought a full
and impartial investigation of the subject, 1 re
corded my vote on the affirmative side of the ques
tion nnn i hnvp not vRt heard anvthine which in-
dneef. me to change mv opinion. But I will not
conclude that those gentlemen who differ from me
are under a delusion, much less will I charge them
with an intention of needlessly embarrassing our
It is nossible some change in our
deliberations.
..i
late proceedings ougui 10 tane piuuu upuu pwm.i -
, r 1.-1- - .u . ii ii nc.;A nrooosed : and he was now more than ever con-
pies of political justice or that all things consid- luuFus-u 1 .
. t. . ooo io rononA fmm vinced that the Constitution which they were a-
erec , the majority may see cause to recede irom , .
, , . ..r.r bout to form, n order to be just and equal must be
some of their just pretensions, as matter of ru- "uul "' u J
j , Ja.; ' Pnrmv mvn n,rl there founded on the basis of compromise and mutual
dence and expedience. Jbormyown part, mere
, , i t c ' n i;.. 1 concession. With such views and feelings, he
is nothing I so much dread as a failure to devise t-onct&aiu.i.
V ui- u flvrnnt ,i p,i fnrm nf jroY- would now move a reconsideration of the vote last
and establish an efficient and equal lorm ol go- Qor,olo Th(ltnn
ernment for our infant Republic. The present ef- taken on the organization of the Senate The mo
fort has been made under the happiest auspices, tlon was seconded-the vote carned-the former
and has promised the most favorable results-but vote reemded-and by a successfiil motion and
should this effort prove vain, it will be long ere j resolution, the Senate was organized on the pres
another can be made with any prospect of sue- ent plan.5
cess, uur strengm aim uur tiruit:iiijf vyiiiuci
on our unity and the secession as even four of
the smallest States, interspersed as they are,
would, in my mind, paralyze and render useless
any plan which the majority could devise. I
should therefore be grieved, Mr. President; to
see matters brought to the test which has been per
haps too rashly, threatened, on one hand, and
which some of my honored colleagues have treat
ed too lightly on the other. I am convinced that
it is a subject which should be approached with
caution, treated with tenderness, and dicided on
with candor and liberality. Jt is, however, to be
feared, that the members of this Convention are
not in' a temper, at this moment, to approach the
subject on which we differ in a proper spirit.
1 would therefore propose Mr. President, without
proceeding further at this time, the Convention Why Women are Unhealthy,
should adjourn for three days, in order to let the Many of the physical evils, the want of vig
present ferment pass off, and afford time for a ort ,he inaction of system, the languor and hys
more full and dispassionate investigaotin of the j terical affections, which are ao prevalent among
subject and 1 would earnestly recommend to the j the delicate young women of the present day
members of this Convention that they spend the may be traced to a want of well trained men
time ofthis recess, not associating with their own lal power and well-exereised self control and
arty snd devising new arguments to fortify them- P an absence of fixed
L in their own opinions, but that they mix
with members of opposite sentiments, lend a pa- j mj(jd aeuirement 0f knowledge, and
ttent car to their reasoning, and candidly allow j strenglhening of its capabilities for effort,
them the weight to which they may be entitled j , firmneSs for endurance of inevitable evils,
and when we may assemble again, I hope it will
be with a determination to form a Constitution
ifsuchaone as we can individually, and in all
Mr. President, I will suggest another matter and
am really surprised that if has not been proposed
by some other member, at an earlier period of our
deliberations. J will suggest, Mr. rresiaeni, mo
propriety of nominating and appointing before we
separate, a chaplain to our convention, whose du
ty it shall be.unimformly to assemble with us, and,
introduce business of each day by ap address
to the Creator SUe Iniverse, and1 Uie Governor
resoects, approve, yet the best which, under ex- The power of the mtnd over the tody is m-
isti'ng circumstances, can be obtainded." ! men,e. Let that power be galled for h, el ii
isung cjrc . ; be trained and exercised, and vigor both of bo-
The Doctor continued :" Before 1 sit down, . , ... . . , There U a
of all nations, beseeching him. to preside in our
councils, enlighten our minds with a portion of
heavenly wisdom, influence our hearts with a love
of truth and justice, and crown our labors with
complete and abundant success !"
The Doctor sat down ; and never did I behold a
countenance at once so dignified and delighted as
was that of Washington.at the close of his address!
Nor were the members of this Convention, gener
ally less affected. The words of tho venerable
Franklm fell upon our ears with a weight and au
thority, even greater than we may suppose an or
acle to have had in a Roman Senate. A silent
admiration superseded, for a moment, the expres
sion of that assent and approbation, which was
strongly marked on almost every countenance ; 1
say almoBt for one man was found in the Con
vention, Mr. , of , who rose and said, with
regard to the first motion of the Honorable gen
tleman, for an adjournment, he would yeild his as
sent ; but he protested against the second motion
for the appointment of a Chaplain. He then com
menced a high strained eulogium on the assem
blage of wisdom, talent and experience, which the
Convention embraced declared the high sense he
entertained of the honor which his constituents
had conferred upon him, in making him a member
of that respectable body ; said ho was confidently
of opinion that they were competent to transact
the business which has been entrusted to their
care; that they were equal to every exigence which
might occur ; and concluded by saying that, there
fore, he had not seen the necessity of calling" in
foreign aid !
Washington fixed his eyes tpon the speaker
with a mixture of surprise and indignation, while
he uttered this impertinent and impious speech !
and then looked around to ascertain in what man
ner it affected others. They did not leave him a
... 1- 1. 1 .1
moment to doubt ; no one deigned to reply, or take
. .
smallest notice of the speaker, but the motion
1 e
appointing a Chaplain was instantly seconded,
recollect. The motion for an adjournment was
then put and carried unanimously ; and the Con
vention adjourned.
The three days of recess were spent in the man
ner advised by Dr. Franklin, the opposite parties
mixed with each other, and a free and frank in-
terchange of sentiments took place. On the fourth
day we assembled again ; and if great additional
light had not been thrown upon the subject, every
unfriendly feeling had been expelled, and a spirit
of conciliation had been cultivated, which prom-
j ea ai leasi a cacm ana a2H.xHH.
1 . 1 . -j 1: 1 :j
. llon 01 uie suojeci.
As soon as the Chaplain had closed his prayer,
and the minutes of the last sitting were read, all
eves were turned to the Doctor. He rose and in
a few words stated that, during the recess he had
listened attentively to all
ill the arguments pro and:
nt which had been urged on both sides of the
House : that he had himself said much, and
thought more on the subject ; he saw difficultes
and objections which might be urged by individu-
' al States against every scheme which had been
Astronomical Phenomena
Soon after the Copernican system of Astronomy
began to be understood, an old Connecticut far
mer went to his parson with the following inqui
ry :
" Dr. T. do you believe in the new story they
tell about the earth moving around the sun 1"
"Yes certainly."
" Do you think it is according to the scriptures ?
If it is true, how could Joshua command the sun to
stand still 1" .
" Umph !" quoth the doctor, scratching his head.
. hQ ?
" Joshua commanded the sun to sianu sua, uiu
" Yes.
" Well, it stood still, did it not ?"
" Yes !"
"Very well. Did you ever hear that he set it
agoing again
an( ror energy in combating such as they may
over come, are the ends which education has
,0 attain ; weakness, but become infirmity.
h j and unpolished saying, that it is better
to wear out man to rust oui, uui n icn
truth, rust consumes faster than use. Belter, a
million times better, to work hard, enven to the
shortening of existence, than to hleep and eat
away this precious gift of life, giving no other
cognizance of its possession. The Physical
Training of Girls al School by Madame 'de
l L..i it tnllo n nlnin
Whal
S 'ii
Hard to Coasvert. T
BY JOHN OF YORK.
In one of ihc handsomest villages in this
State there formerly lived a preacher, whose
name commenced with the initial W. He was
a man of great tact and energy, and had built
up a congregation that exceeded auy other in
the village in number and wealth. In truth Dr.
W.'s church was the aristocratic church of the
place, and on all state occasions, when minis
ters were to officiate, Dr. W. was the presi
ding solemnity.
Some seventeen or eighteen vears ago there
was a general revival- in the village of J .
It occurred that one of the most "wealthy and
respectable,, citizens, who had not formerly
professed much respect for religion, was pre
vailed upon by his daughters to attend one of
these revival meetings.
The family worshipped at Dr. W.'a church,
and the shrewd parson saw that it would be no
disadvantage to the finances of his flock to have
the head of it engaged in the battle against
the evil one not that you should suppose he
prevailed upon the young ladies to coax their
papa to attend the revival, not at all! But it is
quite certain that a glow of satisfaction, not en
tirely spiritual, dashed over his features when
he saw the aged sinner seat himself on the
front bench of the session room one night.
The old 'un who will be called Col., for
short had been designedly brought to the seat
next to iho alter by his pious daughters, and not
knowing anything about the church than that
he paid forty dollars a-year for pew rent, and
he knew not how much more (through his wife
and daughters) for foreign missions, was not
aware until the conclusion of the short but im
pressive sermon of the exact fix he had got in
to. At the conclusion of his harangue, the
preacher called on all who wished to be saved
to come forward and be prayed for. and tri
umphantly pointed to the gray-headed old sinner
in front.
"There!" exclaimed Dr. W. "look at that
old sinner, whose life has been spent in the
service of the devil! He has been touched with
the rod of Joshua, and has come forward to
ask for mercy at the foot of the altar."
Old Col. looked as if he could have swallow
ed the speaker and his brimstone harrangue to
boot; but the place, the presence of his daugh
ters, who were beside him, and a certain em
barrassing feeling, not very distantly related to
awe, chained him to his seat. When the preach
er descended from the pulpit a large number of
persons of boih sexes came crowding forward,
and the victim of misplaced confidence found
himself forced within the alter by the living
current of repentant sinners. The erea was
crowded almost to suffocationand when the call
came to kneel down, the oldgentlman found no
little difficulty in getting himself into the posi
tion desired.
When the first essay was concluded, the
preacher approached each o
of the anxious and
inquired 'how they felt,' 'if th
ev were relieved,"
Dr. W. , took old C-
, entirely under his
wing.
Do you feel any relief?' asked the doctor of
divinity.
'Not a bit,' answred old C , whose voice
naturally of a high pitch, was an octave higher
than usual.
You must forget the world, my dear. Mr. C
, You must give up all your wealth.'
'Must IV groaned the victim.
'Certainly you mustdon't you know what
the bible says about the rich v
I never read it,' shouted the miserable sin
ner. 'God have mercy on you !' ejaculated Dr.-W.
So I say, groaned old C.
At this time prayer was again offered up,
and the Dr. poured all sorts of consolatiou into
the ears of his patient. When it was conclu.
ded ho again repeated his inquiries after the
old sinner's condition.
Do you feel any relief, Mr. C V
Not a bit.' t
But you don't give up yonr whole' Heart1,
Mr. D.'
I do.' - - n
'It can't be Mr. C. or you would receive par
don.' But 1 tell you I do.'
Oh, Mr. C. I'm afraid you don't or your
prayer would be heard. Try, Mr. C, do try.'
'I will, doctor, I will.'
Another prayer, and ihe same questions were
repeated.
'Not a bit dootor," was the responce.
Mr. C,' said tho preacher, very impressive
ly it can't be that you give up your whole heart.'
I tell you 1 do,' said old C, unable longer
to control his temper.
Impossible!'
' Well, then, by lie V shouted the.unfor-
tunate victim, and with a bound he cleared the
rail and left the church
The sensation produced by this unexpected
denouement need not be described. Suffice
it that old Col. C. was finally converted, and is
now one of the pillars of the church
JQ3 Schoolmaster "Bill Tomkins, whaysa
WldOW 1" .-Uj, i
Bill" a widder sir, is a married womagy
what han't got no husband."
Master "Very well. What is a widow-'
erf"
Bill A widderer is a man what runs after 1
the widers." - "wiJ 1
Master Well Bill, that is not exacly accor
dine to Johnson, but it wilTdo."
-'iff
India rubber pies rank amougst.thof mosj
cent inventions. "
A Western paper announces thesitiings'of
the Court of Common Fleas: 'AVetsuppb'sanoft
course the bed-.bugsres!0'' in attenHaucoat.3
the hotels' K -wrWri. a4wfc
1.!
9
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a-
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