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The whole art of Government consists in the art of being ho'rest. Jefferson.
STROUDSBURG, MONROE COUNTY, PA., THURSDAY, JANUARY 18, 1849.
-AT. 0.
No. 26
- .hdlars per annum in advance Tv o dollars
id a qn' :,nd a half. Tliose who receive their
e Litit t - .-rcKHM1 lining ciuniui.uuf iiiv
Kn can'-- J - - a ...
r, will be en d imtU all ;irreurages are paid, except
the: ?P"?!L,Vnts not exceeding one square (sixteen lines)
l ir u-i" . r
'rt' "v.;wV?orl.nn dollar, and tuenty-nvc
'iryUsequent insert
insuriioii. iiietn.n5-
A libcraldiscount made to yearly
insertions the same
rertiseis.
Alllctwrs
; addressed to the Editor must be post-paid
ia;n'aiAH"'" demotion of
circulars. jraeu.u,
JUSTICES, LEGAL AND OTHER
BLANKS,
PAMPHLETS, &c.
p ..tcJ itH neatness and despatch,on reasonable terms
AT THE OFFICE OF THE
Jcffcrsonian Republican.
The Soul's Defiance.
I caid to Sorrow's awful storm,
That beat against my breast,
bnc on thou may's! destroy this form,
And lay it low at rest ;
!ui still the spirit, that now brooks
Thy tempest, raging high, ,.
ludaunted, on its fury looks
With steadfast eye. s?s
1 saiil to Penury's meagre 'train,
Come on your threats I brave ;
My last poor life-drop you may drain,
And crush me to the grave;
Yet still the spirit that endures
Shall mock your force the while,
f -
And meet each cold, cold grasp of yours
With bitter smile.
1 Mid io cold Neelect and Scorn
Pass on I heed you not ;
Ye may pursue me till my form
And being-are forgot ;
Yet still the spirit, which you see
Undaunted by your wiles,
Draws from its own nobility
Its highborn smiles.
I said to Friendship's menaced blow,
Strike deep my heart shall bear ;
Thou can'st but add one bitter wo
To those already there,
Yet still the spirit that sustains
This last severe distress.
Shall smile upon its keenest pairi3,- -
And scorn redress.
1 said to Death's uplifted datt,
Aim sure oh ! why delay !
Thou wilt not find a fearful heart
A weak, reluctant prey ; -For
siill the spirit, firm and free,
Unrufled by this last dismay,
Wrapt in its own eternity,
Shall smiling pass away.
The meanest Case yet.
The City Item contains the following excellent
hinrr in ifc? mi -
-"O' " "J
Some years since, when money was scarce, and
" " . w J JttQ vat? UVWW lit V J frAUWWf
man named Jones called into the grocery and
ry goods store of Mr. Brown, and asked for a
arnmg needle offering in exchange an egg. Af-
Cr mu;.:.. . 1. II. T
"Come, sir, ain't you going to treat?"
"What, on that trade?" inquired Brown.
" Certainly a trade's a trade, let it be big or
title."
"Well, what will you takeV
"A glass of wine," said Jones.
The wine was poured out, when the sponge
aS, -"would it be asking too much to request you
f uu tg ikiisj fiiiiv a. am tj iuuu Ji
Appalled by the man's meanness, the storekeep
r took the identical egg which he had received
the darning needle, and handed it his custom-
r who on breaking it into the wine-glass, dis
overed that it contained a double yolk."
"Look here," said the sponge, "don't you think
wu." in. lit w i i i j mrrt n w ri k j a m n m iiT'ii Mr iiuufiio a.
HIS
you see w a double egsri"
A Challenge A litile fop conceiving him-
eli insulted by a gentleman who had ventured
u 6,re him a little wholesome advice, strutted
P to fcim with an air of importance saying :
Sir you are no gentleman here is my card ;
firn4 - t r i 1 1
UC1 yuurseii caanengeu. Shou Id 1 be
Jum home when you honor tne with a call, I
to" leave word with a fripnd
irehminaries to your satisfaction."
lu which ihe other replied--" Sir you are
lool- here is mv carrl rnnsiH
I'1' ed, and should I not .be at home when vou
tall
on me, you will find that I have left orders
my servant to :kick vpu ituo the street."
From the New London Aurora.
Soinetliiiiff about Printing.
Wo live in an age and in a country wherein
it would be almost considered a proof of luna
cy, or great temerity at least, io say that print
ing is nut the most useful of arts. That the
an of printing" is like salt---" it is ihe proaer
vanve of all aria" seems to be a position con
ceded by all civilized communities where its
benefits have been diffused with either an' un
sparing or stinted hand. That it has facilila
ted the march of improvement, spread abroad
and propagated correct principles, heralded
forth l he principles of Christianity; carried civ
ilization, the arts and knowledge to heathen
lands, and that it has elevated man, shown him
what he is and what he ought to be; besides
conferring numerous other invaluable advanta
ges, no one who is cognizant to its operations
will for a moment doubt. But the intention in
commencing this article was not to eulogize
ihe art lor iho benefactions it has conferred
upon man, but for entirely another purpose.
Common or letter jiress printing, such as
hooks, newspapers, &c, is carried on by a
large number of fonts of typos, every one of
which costs money, labor and ingenuity to fit
for use. A type of long primer size, although
it is but eleven twelfths of an inch long, one
seventh broad, and one fourteenth thick on an
average, still costs something. It is said that
there are but two or three men in the United
Stales who can make the matrices in which
types are cast ; so peculiar, complete, propor
tioned and uniform must the work be done.
The letters are principally made of lead, mixed
with other metals in order to harden it suffi
ciently w,hen cool, while at the same time those
other ingredients caused the fused composition
to fi;Il the most tenuous crevice of the matrix
completely. For every sized type, and differ
ently shaped types and there are more than
three hundred shapes and sizes of each letter
in our alphabet in use new matrices have to
be made, and each with the same exactness,
or the font is defective. In Roman, each let
ter has to be made three limes large and
small capitals, lower case, saying nothing of
points and other indispensable characters. To
giv some idea of the number of characters
and letters which go for a font of types, it may
answer to state that there are two cases as the
printer terms them. The lower case, contain
ing all the common or smaller letters, with the
figures and points for punctuation, double let
ters, quadrats this case has commonly 54
boxes, and every one is o copied. The up
per case, containing the large and small capi
taU, and numerous marks and characters which
are m common use ; and but two or three of
ihem are unoccupied. Thus it seems ihe type
founder, in order to supply a common font of
Roman letters, has to have constructed 150
matrices and the italics are not included here,
which will make over a hundred more just to
manufacture letters, &c, of one size and cor
repi)uding faces. Here, then, there must be
about two hundred and fifty characters made,
and &ome of ihem a good many thousand limes
over, just to print the plain matter of a common
newspaper. To give the uninitiated an idea
of the numbers and proportion of types used
for printers have no secrets thai I know of
it may answer to state that we use, say for a
common average foni :
a 8,500 n 8,000
b 1,600 o 8,000
c 7,000 p 1,700
d 4,400 , q 500
e 12,000 r 0,000
f - 2,000 s 8,000
g .. 1.700 t 9,000
b" . ' - 6,400 u- 9,000
i 8,000 v 1,200
j - 400 w 2,000
k 800 x 400
I 2,000 y 3,000
m 4,000 z 200
Nothing here is said of points, figures,' dou
ble letters, and oiher characters, which would
swell the list amazingly. And all this makes
but one item in a newspaper office.'
Nor is anything said of the numerous pic
tures, flowers, ornamented, shaded, condensod,
&c. &c, types used in job and newspaper
printing, all of which are necessary to make
up the stock of an ordinary newspaper estab
lishment. These types, that is ihe plain ones,
cosi from 30 cents up to $2 a pound. A com
mon newspaper requires, or ought to he sup
plied wilh from 800 to 1 ,000 lbs. of type.
These, with some $200 worth of wood works,
S250 for press, a good many dollars worth of
trass rule, and still more for iron matrices, al
so, paper, ink, &c. &c, will make a very large
subtraction from Si, 000.
When all these items are paid for by the
printer, he is just about ready to go to work
if he has a roller made and Bel his type. The
usual width of newspaper columns is 17 ems
of long primer type ; but ours are 21 ems wide
An em is the tickness of a line. On an aver
age, nearly three types will go go into an em.
counting spaces. For every 1,000 ems a prin
ter sets, he handles near 3,000 types ; and if
he ads 5.000, which i a dayV work, with
correcting the satne,. and distributing enough
for next day, he handles not far from 30,000
types.
The remark is often made that there are
many errors in the papers, arid it is too true ;
but let 99 out of the 100 who make the obser
vation, try the experiment, and make fewer
'errors ll thev can. All the printer 8 ougni to
1 w
be good spellers ; but a few of them are defi
cient in the qualification, while others are care
less, just like sorao other folks.
These are but a few things, and bat very
fetVj concerning the important and useful busi
ness of printing ; arid if primers read them and
find errors, as very possible ihexr will, let them
go to work and correct, if they think worth
while ; for, if printer's do not correct each oth
er," who will ?
Will any conscientious man, after knowing
these facts, refuse to pay the printers ? If so,
I will advertise his conscience to let, for noth
ing. It is in view ol those things that print
ers write so freely of those delinquents who
Will not PAY THE PRINTER.
From the New York Express. .
Sound Advice to Yonii? Mots;
The difficulty of obtaining employment, so
often stated and so often, no doubij existing,
arise, we apprehend, not unfrequently from
causes within ourselves, and over which we
have control. Man is ioo often unwilling to
do what hts hands find to do. Pride interposes
its objection against certain kinds of work.
I he youngster comes from the country to the
town to be a clerk ; he can obtain work only
as a porter. 1 he farmer s boy aspires to be
a counter-jumper ; he can only be a stevedore.
A lawyer's leathers are fledging : he mioht
make, with industry, a tolerable mechanic,
whereas ho will make only an intolerable law
yer. 1 he nominal doctor was cut out lor a
wood-sawyer. The great, the first, almost
only lesson, to learn, when seeking employ
ment, is : " What am 1 best fitted for ? and if
that employment cannot just then be got, what
can 1 find io do ?" And do it. whatever it is.
with the hope of advancing.
The demand for skill and capacity in this
country, is such, in all the varied departments
of life, that he who will stoop io begin at the
beginning, and there bide his time, is quite sure,
in the progress of events, of coming out at the
end. But to take the first place at the first
s'ep or to rise without showing the necessity
or wisdom of rising on and by your indtisiry
and devotion is almost an impossibility. The
mam thing, then, for a young man of talent to!
seek T.r, is not so much wages at first, or poi- j anl UP0 ,nem' 3,1(1 who can herefore, submit
tton at first, but opportunity ; and when oppnr-,w temporary sacrifices of wages and time wilh
tunity is given it is altogether the aspirant's fault out '."TO t0 0,ners. Qur country is so clamor
if ha drifts no! m.nkfi hnnatlf niflinpiiihl m 1 ous in its demand for labor, above all for Intel -
employer, or show him that he is far better fit"-!
ted for a place above that which he fills than
the place ho is filling. Opportunity, indeed,
is all the man of true talent seeks for in this
world, in any sphere. Give him opportunity,
and he will create the necessity for himself
(hat no man can disregard. Opportunity, in
short, is the tide that rolls all men to prosperi
ty or fame. The mechanical geuious that slum
bers in the farmer's chimney corner needs but
ihe opportunity in some large workshop, lo
strike out in him the latent sparks that may j
inspire mailer with new facilities of motion,
and so crown himhelf with gloryj as well as
with gold. But if that genius comes from the
chimney corner and aspires to be foreman, in
the workshop, where hundreds were employed
before him, there will probably be no work fori public in the prairies of that beautiful region.
him. True genius, however, is always humble The curious habits of the prairie dogs ard very
in its aspirations, h is so sure of the siTong im-1 little known, and this account will be found ex
pulse within, that it will descend to the-humblest ' trernely interesting-
position to obtain the opportunity to show hs
power. In ihe workshop, it will condescend
to begin with duties that are servile. It will
build the fires, or sweep the rooms, if necessary,
for it feels and knows that within itself which
no occupation can smother, and that waits only
for ihe opportunity to bhine. Humility is the
characteristic of rising greatness. What means
to rise, and is willing io make the sacrifices
necessary for rising prefers often to have first
a firm foothold on the ground, amid ihe dust
and dirt, before it expands its wings. No fall
ia so great it knows, as that of him who begins
with creating large expectations, which he can
not fulfil, and inflames others with ideas of his
importance that experience soon shows are ri
diculous. To create a rising impression, true
genius feels that it must often even undervalue
itself. Of him from whom hut hule is expect
ed and much comes, to him geal praUe is.
awarded. Such a man is likely to he overval
ued, whereas he is always certain obe under
valued who overrates himself, or who lets oth
ers overrate htm.
The young man in search of employment
can almost always find it, if he will submit 10
the necessary self-sacrifice, and ihen await for
his opportunity. But eelfsacrifice is indispen
sably necessary, lor ihe high places of life are
seldom or never obtained but through long and
painful vigils, or stern appreniiceshrps, or ihe
most profound devotion io whatever one's bu
siness is. Our own eyes will show us thai
the men of ihe most eminence in their- ariou
pursuits aboul us have risen io thai eminence
by slow, laborious and tedious steps. Emi
nence is not, in this country, to be reached by
a flight, but upon steps of a long and constant
ascent, and on footj too, with burdens on the
back, that stagger and often almost weigh
down the tfavellef. To learn and to understand
all this, is the most afflicting and generally the
most difficult le..8on of aspiring youth. The
buoyancy of youthful aspiration will recognise,
hot that man walks by his feet, but it fancies
that he soars wnh wings. Ask ihe graduate
of a college if, in his wish to be the conductor
of some leading journal, he would be willing
to learn the trade of the Printer's devil, and go
through all the various transforations of that
important personage, from being the bldckfaced
errand office boy up to being the inditer of the
leading article. A hundred to one of such grad
uates would shrink from such vassalage, and
yet the (fade cannot be well learnt without so
doiiig. The statesman, first among the fore
most, maintains his position with apparent ease,
and the whole nation bows down before his
genius with admiration : but ask a youih to
submit to ihe nightly watches, the long sidings,
the suffering and general affliction by which
jhe power is won to obtain that ease and poi-
Hon, and a hundred to one he will cower under
the demand that is made upon his lime ahd
peace. The orator has been created only by
understanding and studying life in. all its varie
ties, and then by hard study, and thus fining
himself to express his ideas in ihe most vigor
ous way.
The mechanist hits by his fame and name
spoken in the powerful machinery of the loco
motive, or in ihe engine of the steamboat, or in
the common spinning iennev ; but that mechin -
ist won his way from the poverty of boyhood,
a W m ' I
m the humble task of cleaning the machine
shot), or putting coal on the fire that started all
j the machinery of the workshop. It is at the
beginning things are learnt well. When we"
begtri to build, wc begin Under ground even,
srwt I h Cm tiHris ctfirwlu itilfr qc tiro Intr lha fittri-
- w w
and ihe fabric stands only as we lay the foun
dation firmly. But in these beginnings it is
that every youth can find something to do. If!
there is not employment in building above
ground, go in and dig out the cellar. Rely
upon it that whatever true genius or real indus
try and honor exist, the master workman will
in due time discover and promote it, if for nb
other reason ihan this : it is his interest so to do.
A difficulty of finding employment, we ap
prehend, if combatted with such principles a
we here lay down, will not often exist, certain
'y wi,h ,ljPse wI,o have no families depend-
I'ge. faithful, devoted labor, that wherever it
exists it must find employ, if it only make itself
known, or show itself, so that it can be known. I
There is scarcely an employer in one of our!
cities who has not a place for such a laborer as
we describe, e'ven though every place ts seem
ingly full. 1. is true, lie will not take the word
of a man th.u lie is every thing he says lie is :
, . :r, t. - l u
Mill II htt .n olilniii in nnnnrmnliv tit chiiui
wnai ue is, ana men riis acts come up to ms
words, employment is sure, and his way to
fortune is Marled.
f.tr i
t to a City of Prairie Bojjs'-iii-
gular habits cf these Animals.
f A lecent traveller in the interior of Texas, gives
a particular account of his visit to a Canine 'Re-
41 We had proceeded but a short distance after
reaching the beautiful prairie, before we came
upon the outskirts of a commonwealth of the ca
nine race. A few scattered dogs were seen scam
pering in, and, by their short and sharp yelps, giv
ing a general alarm to the whole community.
The first cry of danger from the outskirts was
soon taken up in the centre of the' city, and now
nothing was to be seefn in any direction but a dash
ing and scampering of the mercurial and excitable
citizens of the place, each to his lodge or burrow
Far as the eye could ieach was spread the city,
and in every direction the scene was the same.
We rode leisurely along until we had reached the
more thickly settled portion of fhe city, when we
halted, and after taking the bridles from our hor
ses to allow them to graze, we prepared for a reg
ular attack apon its inhabitants..
The burrows were not more than fifteen yards
apart, with well-trodden paths leading in different
directions, and I even thought I could discover
something like regularity in the laying out of the
streets. We' sat down upon a bank under the
shade of a tree, and leisurely surveyed the scene
before us. Our approach had driven every one
in our immediate vicinity to his home, but some
hundred yards off, thej small mound of earth in
front of a burrow was each occupied by a dog sit
ting straight up' on his hinder legs, and coolly look
ing about him to ascertain the cause of the recent
commotion. ' Every nb'w and theYi some cifizen,
more venturous than his neighbor, would feave his
lodge on a flying visit to a companion, apparently
to exchange a few words, and then scamper back
as fast as his legs would carry hhti.
By-and-by, as we kept perfectly still, some of
our nearer neighbors were seen cautiously poking
their heads from out their holes and Iookin" cun
ningly, and at the same time inquisitively, about
thern. After some time, a dog would emerge from
the entrance of his domicile, squat upon his look- .
irig-oui place, shake his head, and comutene'e yelp
ing. For three hours we remained watching the
movements of these animale, and occasionally
picking one of them off with our rifles. Nd less
than nine were obtained by the party. One cir
cumstance I will mention as singular in the ex
treme, and which shows the social relationship
which exists among these animals, as well as the
regard they have one for another.
One of them had perched himself directly upon
the pile of earth in front of his hole, silting up. and
offering a fair iriark, while a companion's head,
too timid, perhaps, to expose himself farther, was
seen poking out of the entrance. A well-directeif
shot Carried away the entire top of the head of the
first dog, and knocked him some two or three feet
frorn his post perfectly dead. While reloading,
the other daringly came out, seizing his compan
ion by one of his legs, and before tve ciUld arrive
at the hole, had drawn him completely out of
reachj althdugh we tried to twist him out with a
ramrod:
Therd was a feeling in this act a something
human hich raised the animals in my esttma
; tidl,5 an(1 never after did I attempt to kill one o
of
them, except when driven by extreme hunger.
The prairie dog is about the size of a rabbit,
heavier perhaps, more cohipact,-and with much
shorter legs, In appearance, it resembles the
ground hog of the north, although a trifle smalldr
than lKal anmaL In their habits, the prairie dogs
'in
are social, never live' alone like other animals, but
"e aUvas foUnd ,n v,1IaSes or IarSe settlements.
They are a wild, frolicsome set of fellows when
undisturbed, restless, and ever on the move. They
seerh to take especial delight in chattering away
the time, and visiting about, from hole to hole, to
gossip and talk over one another's affairs; at least,
so their actions would indicate. Old hunters say
that when they find a good location for a village,
and no water is handy, they dig a well to supply
the wants of the community.
On several occasions, I have crept up close to
one of their villages, without being observed, that
I might watch their movements Directly in the
centre of one of them, I partially noticed a very
j large dog; sitting in front of his door, or entrance
to his burrow, and by his own actions and those
of his neighbors, it really looked as though he was
the president, mayor, or chief: at all events, he
was the " big dog" of the place'.
For at least art hour, I watched the movements
of thig ,iule communit duri mal fa
, , , , . , , , ,
large dog I have mentioned received at east it
1 0 '
dozen visits from hrsvfellow-dogs, who would stop
and chat with him a few moments, and ihen run"
on to their domiciles. All this while he never left
his post for a single minute, and 1 thought I could
discover a gravity in his deportment, not discerni
ble in those by whom he was addressed. Not
being learned in the canine vernacular, of course"
I cannot say that the visits he received were upon
business, or having any thing to do with the local
government of the village; but it certainly appeared
as if such was the case. If any animal is endow
ed with reasoning powers, or has any system of
laws regulating the body politic, it is the prairie
dog.
In different parts of the village the members of
it were seen gambolling, frisking,- and visiting
about, occasionally turning heels over head into
their holes, and appearing to have all sorts of fun
among themselves. Owls of a singular specie
were also seen among them; they did not appear
to join in their sports in any way, but still seemed1
to be on good terms, and as they were constantly
entering and coming out Of the same holesvthey
might be? considered as members of the same fam
ily, or, at least, guests. Rattlesnakes, too-, dwell
among them ; but the idea generally received a
mong the Mexicans, that they live npoTi terms of
companionship with the dogs, is quite ridiculous,
and without any foundation.
The snakes I ,look upon as loafers, not easily
shaken off by the regnlar inhabitants, and they
make use of the' dwellings of the dogs as- morer
comfortable quarters than they could find elsewhere.
We killed one a? short distance from a burrow
which had made a meal of a little pup ;. although
I do not think they can master fufl-grown dogs.
This city of the dogs, which we visited, was
several miles in length and at least a mile.in width.
Around and in the vicinity, were smaller villages,
suburbs to the town-. We kindled a fire, and
cooked three of the animals we had shot ; the meat
was exceedingly sweet, tender and juicy, resem
bling that of the squirrel, only that ihese was 'mure
fat upon it. '- i sf
K9
A.
r
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