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The whole art ok Government consists in the .art of being honest. Jefferson.
VOL. 2.
STROtJDSBURG. MONROE COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY, APRIL 21, 1841,
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IRON WORKS, SANB, &c.
FOR SALE.
The subscriber offers for sale all the Works
nnd Lands belonging lo the late rirm of Henry,
Jordan & Co., adjoining the borough of
Stroudsburg, the seat of Justice of Monroe
county, Pa. situated about three miles from the
Delaware river, and twenty six from Easton,
on the located, route of the Susquehanna and
Delaware rail road, and adjacent to numerous
stores, mills, houses of worship, several Acad
emies, schools, libraries, &c. &c.
The works are erected on a tract of about
in a high slate of cultivation, and consist of a
two fired forge, Xihhammcr and Forge, Blowing
apparatus, large shears, Ore stampers, Grind
ing and Polishing works with three water
wheels, and power and convenience for at least
three more heavy mill wheels.
The water power is never less than 2,800
square inches, under a three feet head ; the
whole head and fall is eleven feet. Also one
Blacksmith shop, with 2 fires, several large
Coal barns, Iron house, Carpenter shop, Scale
house, Store and Office, and other out houses
one new brick
Ilk
.Darn, oic, anu ten oiner
3wcf liiig Houses,
all in good repair. Also about
Acres cf Wood Eaiid
in the vicinity, with several good tenements,
farm land, and water power thereon, in lots to
suit purchasers.
Also several hundred steel and iron pole
axes, and a few tons of tilted iron, of various
sizes, suitable for ironing wagons, &c. All
of the above property will be sold cheap, and
on accommodating terms. Apply to
JAMES BELL, Jr. Agent.
Experiment Mills. Uonroe Co. Pa.
February 12, 1811.
P. S. If the above mentioned mansion house
is not sold before the first of April next, it will
be for Rent.
AT STKOeSBUKG.
HPIIE soring term of the above named insti-
JL tution commenced on Monday, the 4th day of
May ; and is conducted bv Miss Ufary M.
Thomas, late of Troy Female Seminary, an
experienced and well qualified teacher.
The branches taught at this Seminary, are
Reading,
Writing,
Arithmetic,
Geography,
Grammar,
Composition,
History,
Natural Philoso
phy, m
Wieloric.
Drawing,
Chemistry,
Botany,
Logic,
Geometry,
Algebra,
French, Latin,
Spanish d- Italian
I languages,
Music,
The Seminary being endowed by the State, in
struction is aforded at the reduced rate of lice
doliars per quarter, inclusive of all branches.
Having rented the spacious stone buiiding, for
merly occupied' as-the male Academy, the Trus
tees are now prepared to receive any number oi
young ladies that may apply, from all parts of the
ount'.
Board, in respectable families, can be obtained
r reasonable terms.
The Trustees, with the fullest confidcnce.com
AIBItESS,
Of the Hon. JOHN BANKS, before the "Wil
liam Penn Institute," at Heading, Pa.
On reading your resolution, by which the
honor of addressing you was assigned me, the
first thing that attracted my attention was the
name by which your Society is designated.
Societies are generally called by some name,
and it is always desirable that this nam should
be appropriate to the objects and purposes of
the association, sometimes the name of the
particular object to be promoted, is adopted. In
other instances the name of the place in which
the members reside, and the society located, is
ihe one used. Not unfrequcntly the name of
some great and good man, whose public and
private virtues have eminently distinguished
him as a philanthropist, a patriot, a christian,
and a man, is selected. This has been done
in your case, and that mind which is at all fa
miliar with the early history of Pennsylvania,
is at no loss to find a very satisfactory reason
why ii has been done.
William Pens, clothed with almost unlimit
ed power by royal charter from Charles the
Second, to all lands within the Province of
Pennsylvania, was governed by a more pure
morality, and a more wise, and just policy, than
to assert and vindicate his right by force. His
religious principles, and proper sense of right
did not permit him to drive from the soil of the
Province, by violence, that people to whom God
had given it. Although he was mighty in plen-
Utude of power by royal grant, yet he did not
wish to establish his right in blood. He chose
rather more justly to settle his right, and quiet
all adrerse claim by treaties, held with the na
tives, under tho shade of some lofty forest tree,
and to have them solemnized by the smoke of
incense ascending from the pipe of peace'.
This just, friendly and peaceable manner of
treating the Indians, secured for William Penn,
and his people, their extraordinary and lasting
love, and esteem. Indeed they ever after en
tertained the most pacific intercourse with the
Quakers, in Pennsylvania.
He, himself, framed a fundamental constitu
tion for the Province. In this plan of govern
ment was found a generous spirit of liberty,
and prudent religious toleration. This, with
the peculiar moderation and amiable and invi
ting manners of ihe early settlers in the Pro
vince, an unexampled rapidity in its improve
ment, and increase of population. In the early
history of Pennsylvania, we have most striking
ly illustrated, tho unparallelled advantages, and
happy effects of the peaceable reign of justice,
forbearance and moderation, over force and com
pulsion in the government of public affairs.
Even in the infancy of our mighty republic, our
civil institutions were most distinctly marked
with a free enjoyment of religious opinion
with honesty and fairness in dealings with
humanity, and an ample provision for the ne
cessities of the poor with industry in all occu
pations, and a prudent frugality, which discards
all superfluities, as inconsistent with republican
plainness, and that christian meekness which
ihe people professed. Nor were they silent, or
indifferent to the education of the young. Ed
ucation wis then most strongly urged, and most
faithfully attended to. These great principles
formed the ruling elements of our provincial
government. It was under the influence of
these same, and other kindred principles, that
our country has flourished, and that now on our
hills, and in our Talleys are seen villages, man-
ulactones, meadows, wheat-fields, and ail the
comforts and elegancies of civilized life. To
these sacred principles wo owe ihe fame of this
great and powerful state, with all the distin
guished blessings which we so richly enjoy.
liberty and peace smile in grandeur and abun
dance in this land, where tyranny and oppres
sion aie unknown. In the enioyment of inde
pendence and self government, we behold our
ffag proudly waving in peaceful triumph the
fair metaphor of freedom, and equal rights, un
folding the American Stars and Stripes, on ev
ery sea, anu in every clime that commerce has
known, or civilized man has visited
Ihe bold and energetic spirit of William
Ponn, devised and proclaimed independence to
mis Province. 1 his virtuous and patriotic man
has been blessed by his countryj-honorcd by
me world, ana his memory is embalmed in the
veneration of mankind. His virtues and ser
vices his life and history, are the history of
lmeny ana the rights ol man. He fled from
oppression, and persecution, and here triumphed
over both having founded in this Province a
rising and lasting empire on the broad founda
tion of the people's will,- and the independence
ana nappmess ol the governed.
nc-n.i the Stroudsburg Female Seminary to the These reflections naturally and unavoidably
jiUtroaage Of the public. crnwrl nnnn fhr. mi ml ot r
jage ol the put
JOHN HUSTON, Prcs't.
(Aitest) Wm- P. Vail, Sec'y.
Stroudsburg, May 15, 18-10.
WANTED, '
At the Monroe Tannery, 3 or 4 wood chopr
pers, to whom liberal wages will be given by
R. T. DOWN1 W & Co.
Pocono tRpi,rMqnro Co. )
crowd upon lie mind, at the mention of the
name of William Penn. His name may well
be adopted as that of this "Institute," whose
members live in a land consecrated by his vir
tues, and enjoy that civil and religious liberty
which he so eminently proclaimed in all his in
stitutions, and so forcibly inculcated by his life
and practice.
The object of all societies, such as this is,
most generally is mental and moral culture.
As means of improving lhey are most powerful
j fy . . i . .
conducted, and their various exercises are close
ly attended to by the members. It is now pret
ty generally conceded, that very much of that
difference of character, which is so evident
among men, must be wholly attributed to study
and proper mental discipline. The influence
of education, and early habits, upon the taste,
judgement, understanding, and social affections,
is truly most powerful. By it, many of the de
fects and even wants of nature are fully sup
plied, and the mind entirely new modelled.
The worthless excresences of the mind are cut
off its roughness smoothed and polished, and
all its obliquities strengthened. By education
the mind is quickened in its perceptions, and
made active in all its operations; it is tamed of
its rudeness, and cured of its many deformities.
By the skillful hand of mental cultivation, al
most any cast can be given to the mind, and
the characters of whole communities changed.
This makes it all important that the right direc
tion should be early given io the mind. Too
much care, wisdom, and prudence, cannot be ap
plied to the minds of the young, in this particular.
On this, very much depend the present pros
pects, and future happiness, not only of individ
uals, but of the whole community, and even of
the generations that are to succeed us.
With the advantages of soil, and climate, that
are not surpassed any where. With a territory
equal in extent to more than half all Europe.
With an increase of population which adds to our
numbers one third in every ten years. With an
unexampled increase in property, wealth, and
improvements. The contemplation of these
many advantages fills the mind with grand
thoughts of our future greatness, and power:
and urges upon us tha most anxious solicitude
that our mental and intellectual improvement
should have a corresponding progress.
Our political institutions are founded on prin
ciples of benevolence and, equal rights. They
are designed to promote the greatest good of
the greatest number. This equality of rights
and condition this total absence of artificial
rank in life, gives an impulse to human effort,
and mental developement, that will ever com
mand and secure the real and best talents of
the country. The fact that the avenues to hon
or, distinction, and usefulness, are open to all,
should inspire every man with a manly spirit
of self-respect, and fill his bosom with a lauda
ble ambition to excel in enterprise, and moral
and intellectual excellencies. These are the
great fountains from which all our peculiaf
blessings and prosperity flow.
Mental culture, m the sense in which I speak
is not confined to school or college walls.
Neither can it, or ought it be so restricted
o.i i i .t -i -i t.
Xiuucauon is aoroaa in xne iana. it is seen
every where, and its hallowed influences are
felt in every variety. Your society is but one
mode of accomplishing its best of purposes.
In whatever form attempted, it should lead to
habits ol intellectual labor, and attentive think
mg. Une great point in tho acquisition of
knowledge, is to discipline the mind to the
practise of method and to the diligent improve
ment oi time, i he body as welt as tho mind
should be habituated to a proper degree of ex
ercise. Abovo all the morals should be strict
ly guarded, and virtue and religion should nev
er be lost sight of, let the mode of acquiring
miwiusujjo uo nnai it, may. jinai ciosc appli
cation is necessary to progress in science, eve
ry scholar can well attest. To be well educa
ted without rigid and severe application is not
probable, and in my judgment, is not possible.
You might with the samo propriety look for a
good mechanic without skill and practice in the
use of tools.
The literary character of the country has
suffered by mere pretences to teach important
sciences in a few evening lectures. You look
for the character of a gentleman and a scholar,
in a loafer and idler all think it a disgrace to
be ignorant, or to bo esteemed so, and many
seek the appearance and reputation of learning
1 1 II -t . .. - o
anu nnowieuge, without the labor and trouble
of acquiring either. This is a delusion, and at
most can give but a smattering of learning. It
may give some brilliancy, but adds but little
that is useful. The literary currency of such
an one, often reminds me of the beautiful notes
of a bank, without any specie in its vaults.
He takes upon himself, and puts out into circu
lation all the engagements of a scholar, but re
quires a long postponement of the day of re
demption. This mere show of learning may
serve for the gay and giddy amusements of the
fashionable circles, or for tho atmosphere of a
groghouse. It however only inflates the head
and heart with pride, and vanity, and keeps up,
in -. 1 .1 1
ii ajjjjeinaucc mereiy, ine dimensions ol a man
ol science, while ho v:ints nil thn anVuVui,
f ------ - wunuii r j
weight and useful ness ol well orounded knowl.
edge. Let me then assure each of vou. that
diligence is the price which you must pay for
a mind well stored with useful knowledge, and
that, by a proper dogree of diligence, the rich
pnzo may be obtained by you all.
Societies such as yours have one very deci
ded advantage. They necessarily tend to a
proper division of time in attention to business.
study, and recreaiion. One great secret to
wards the successful improvement in science.
;aud-efficienunentalauxiHurjcS.wherr properly is to assign' to each duty its proper hour,
as
well as its due proportion of time. Some, and
perhaps most of you, have your regular busi
ness to attend lo. This you 'ars constrained
to discharge, and you should not, and need not,
neglect or omit it. This in itself has this great
advantage, it teaches you how to economize
time, as the necessary means to save the waste
of intellectual energies. This is a precept
with the importance of which the young man's
mind cannot be too deeply impressed. Have
then your regular hours of business, your regu
lar hours of relaxation, and your regular hours
of study, and you will find time enough for all,
and I will venture to guarantee a beneficial re
sult. The vast importance of time is not suffi
ciently inculcated, nor is it properly appreciated
by young men. Every young man spends, yes,
absolutely wastes in unprofitable trifles, as
much lime as would make him an eminent
scholar, if it were but rightly employed. It
should be remembered that the moments are
ever fleeting, and bear upon their wings youth,
vigor, health, influence, wealth, knowledge,
power, honor, and distinction, yet to most of us
they pass on unregarded and unimproed. Sys
tem should be tho great regulator of the amuse
ments and relaxations, as well as the labors
and studies of young men. Rules wisely made
should be observed by every one. It is by
fixed rules that the skilful mariner turns to ad
vantage all contrary winds and shifting currents
in his tempestuous voyage. Without these he
would be the sport of every breeze, and the
victim of every gale. So in the great and
eventful voyage of life; system keeps the mind
secure and steadfast in its course, and prepares
it successfully to meet the changes of time and
circumstances, and enables man to guide his
course, and to make the most out of his uncer
tain, short, transcient, and ever changing life
Another advantage which they possess is
their natural tendency to preserve health. As
I have already said, most of you have your reg
-1 1 . . . 1 mi S
uiar Dusiness to attena to. mis gives you
sufficient bodify exercise to promote and pre
serve health, without which man cannot be use
ful in life. Without health we can do but little
If the body languishes through disease, so wil
the mind. Ihe learned invalid is but illy suit
ed to the active conflicts of life. Study is more
likely to impair the health than any other pur
suit. Disease of the head and heart are inci
dent to intense study, and sedentary habits.
The eyes and nervous system are often their
prey, and thus, not unfrequently, we witness
the student hurried to an early grave. Look at
a literary and professional man, and mark the
ravages of disease and death. You are all com
paratively young, and therefore your acquain
tance with men of studious habits may be but
limited; nevertheless, I doubt hot but most o
you have seen some of the sweetest and most
promising flowers in tho garden of mental cul
ture prematurely cut off by the unsurpassing
hand oi death, and thus fall fruitless to th
ground. The cause of this mortality is not
concealed. It is want of muscular exercise.
The mode of study suited to, and adopted by
most literary societies, has this advantage,
wnue it improves the intellect, it is still mmd
ful of the leaks, wastes, and debilities of the
most tender springs of life. Mental application,
blended with a proper degree of bodily exer
cise, are most essential to health and bodily
vigor, and indeed even labor acts upon the
system like the wind that bends the mountain
oak, which but strikes the deeper root, and
forces up a still stronger growth.
Gentlemen, you have another advantage of
no ordinary import that is, a union of science
and practical industry. This I consider of vast
importance, and more especially so in this free
country and in this age. The political and lit
erary world are at this time rapidly undergoing
a complete and entire revolution. Reform and
improvement are the ruling spirits of the age.
This is universal, and embraces all mechanical
branches, and extends alike to agricnlture, nav
igation and manufactures. A thousand doors,
great and wide, aro thus opened, and still open
ing in every direction for the practical and
experimental scholar. Mere theory now has
but little profit, and is losing much of its honor.
Nature has to bo studied, and all theories must
be reduced to practice.
The delusive speculations of former times
are fast giving place to productive realities,
founded in common sense, and made profitable
by actual experiment by all the every day bu
siness of life. What this country most wants
is not only men who can write out and well
define abstract principles, but aho those who
can, and will put to their hands, to put them
in advantageous and successful operation. For,
after all, the true principle of man's usefulness
consists in this, that he knows much, and has
sufficient industry to briny this knowledge to
bear profitably upon all the useful employments
of life.
The mode of acquiring knowledge, which
you have adopted, has also this advantage. It
connects with learning a knowledge of labor
and those habits of life which are well suited
to it. It also yields that bodily vigor, which is
indispensible for active business inany, and
every pursuit, and makes utterly ctBVemptible
that disposition which is prevlfSfiStcertain
classes, to look down with disdain !ipon the
laboring portions of the couuuuiiity -.t breaks
down all invidious distinction between '.hoise
who gain a livelihood by labor. If you look
round, you will readily perceive that all the
learned professions are crowded many who
profess to live by learning receive no profes
sional employment to labour, is with them out
of the question for this, they have neither the
disposition nor the necessary practical knowl
edge. And what is the inevitable consequence,
and do wo not witness the mortifying specta
cle every day ; many of them have resources io
fraud, or such means of subsistence as brii
reproach upon learning. It is to this lhat The
old proverb, with many of our farmers, may
justly be attributed that a few quarters at a.
grammar school unfits their sons for labor, and
makes them spendthrifts and rogues vour
mode most effectually guards against thii it
unites manual labor, with science it prepares
the man of labor and of business io shine in
the highest circle of eminence it prepares
them to grace any profession which tliey mav
choose, and to fill honorably to tbemselves'and
profitably to the country, any important station
to which they may be called by the choice.of
their fellow citizens. If they do not prefer; a
profession and seek retirement in life, they are
still the better prepared to acquire competency
for themselves and their families, by the hon
est industry of their own hands. This presents
advantage with a double aspect; it, on the one
hand, lakes Irom learning the reproach that it
mokes men proud extravagant and indolent
while on the other, it entirely wipes away
from labor every degree of disrespect, and
proves, beyond all question, that neither is un
congenial with the other. 1 however, deem its
great benefit to consist in this, that it prepares
men for active business life it, if successivelv
carried out, would make all scholars business
men, and introduce science upon a more en
larged scale into all the purposes of society--every
branch of business would then be filled
with men of enlightened, correct and liberal
sentiments whoso manners, intelligence, and
spirit would wisely guide in the management
of the political, civil and religious iulaiesu ot
man. ' "
When, you, ard the audience, reflect on tht?
subject you and lhey will be satisfied lhat it is
one which is in the strictest accordance with
the genius of all our political institutions it is
the policy of monarchies and aristocracies, io
keep up distinctions in propeity, rank aijd
learning; offices are there conferred bv birth of
estate it is far and widely different here.
Another, and a more just principle lies at the
foundation of our government. Here office is
given by the choice of the people, and should
always be awarded to virtue, competency, hon
esty and patriotism to accomplish this, with
entire success, knowledge should pervade all
classes of society this would secure an equal
ity which is most essential to every free gqv-ernment-nol
by bringing down those who occu
py the higher ranks of intelligence and worth,
but by raising up to a level with them the hum
ble, honest but uninformed man, and thus pla
cing him upon a high and proud equality with
the most intelligent in the land. Every man
who is at all acquainted with the nature of our
freo government, will at once perceive the im
portance of this the laboring classes are now,
and always must be by far the largest portion
of our citizens. In all our elections they must
determine the majority the purity of elections
is tho great anchor of hope, to the prosperity
of our people, and the permanancy of our in
stitutions. To preserve this purity, the people
must be placed by intelligence, above the influ
ence of designing men. Our very institutions
are based upon the supposition that in the ag
ricultural, mechanical and indeed in all ranks
men will be found capable of filling honorably
all public offices. Our sacred principles of
equal right and equal representation promise
that each class of the community shall have?
their proper share of office, confidence and in
fluence in the councils of State. The, great
question is how is this to be secured? If you
put in office an equal number of each, it by-no
means follows that the influence and ' power
will be equal.
Equality in this case may not consist in "mere
numbers. A few men of enlarged understand
ing and towering intellect, may; and often do
overshadow and entirely control whole legisla
tive bodies. Thus, particular interests may bo-
orgotten, or at least neglected. This will al
ways be the case -when a particular interest 5s
represented by a man of insufficient information.
This is obvious and inevitable. Thus you per
ceive that there maV be, and often is an nrii-
tocracy of knowledge as well as weahh. The
influence of the former, in marfyjh respects, ex
erts a much greater power than that of tho lut
ter. Indeed, it sometimes destroys that e(pl
ity, which 13 so very essential in our gover,n
ment. The remedy for all this is most plain
and ea3y. Infuse knowledge into all classes.
Let the farmer, mechanic and manufacturer ac
quire habits of thought and of study. Let them
but employ their leisure hours in youth, in ready
ing and discussing political and literary subjects,
and they will become scholars and statesmen,
and then as a people we will truly "enjoy iKa!