tu..cf , roe.? • t.e.`. .A: 1 14 ~ di •- • ' ' N LI /- .10 iitl '.*il'l4obll, . : It ' a . .:1 §dl. ~..... • vits,-trtixous - of /he i?Cri 'States • ;la MA A:: • N'nnr. iirft . 46l4l)'.l hv tit^ don to 1,„ i s ' _lrtittlfi , .. s oliletitlulfiii4islf!"l , i - it.erg on. tit; -f.XPett• `'•• e.M ., :iflor it !;#4l, t 0. (li, : t'ott • : , ttisitti,itys PIA ion ; ;out w LAI tlien,t 1011OtiptSvitil:r tliClr oxt4tement.. , • A to nnvitl , 2: .1441.1)1e,Ofthe Srnitli , r t t StittPB I itnt by ' the ft 44 . 4i1i0n . A iln)inist ration, pear(' Mid personal iu►ity'nr tohe'riii•lativreil. There. has ,itßiter,llori tiny reaSOnable eals.l such nppreJhension. ,mo=t 'evidfa,nekto..the contrary kis nil Clot swl s tilc existed, lieeri 'op(n to Abel ri n ^Pti on • it:: is •• "'nil tint pul)lishe'tl n,f s Mtn tublreSsys ..i'on.--- r4(ili4 . 9lotefi .6 l l l 6 , 1 , i of tliosc . ; snee:•lies hilve_ itrl .mirpose, itilir s eeilto interfere ,b ills tlic institution of .51:ii , er3r in,the Stat , w•lr.;-• it exists., 21 ilielieve I heve , ,no lawny; rig]) t •-.to do illio I have nolnelination to (lu 5, 1 .7 ThOsii,\'sliO s notnintitell awl eleet , il sue tli,l s it thst 'll rut made` tleclartition, lifiyei",rectint;ul And Mine than they. plsecci s io the platform y . a for my. • smtv' ne r d nil 10 . lit W to thoins , ‘lves and to me.' use chum end e:mpliat!e. rescrlution Wit ich I • tin* rend , : •'• ' . • . , • Inseihn4,.ThAt'thp rAninin n nee in , i”1.1 ,0 fll^ "• 1 4 ,)0. 8 t... 6 1 8 . ,,, P 1 '.'"P ,14 illy tale. rio,lltA...r stow n et l et Ann gentrol itA owe de, woie itetten.. Inmt ;tin men judizmistit oNeltiAtvr iv, t I h . l 11v031.16i,nr ioNV/11. ne'whinli the perfietiln not nit•lnp•men • fit Mir fle....etel, And we 111.1101Itive fi3O 13. A - "lout itivntitoe preltel forte of thn.snyi td . , ay st, t o or ttireltdii•r,.the'tnett et noder whet pretext,. nil envoi; the ncy'rpiterate. these sentiments, nn I .in iloine• IF , . I only. press•mion the public • ut- I=MCE=M=IM ..4h1841 Pte . :cane Issnseeptihlh, that. the:prop tieOce. and security . 6r no sretioni . are, to wise encinnelifol : ky ,r add, too, flint . nil !flu? r preto,tfri ivitich;consist,enily with the. ‘COnstittition nrirh the en a,: 1w . Iwittih4..elieerfpll3 . 7 • crketi nil-. the States Atheti ' •Insi ilemnnded;',. fin: . • 3 o,intevi.r• as. to in -. '•-' ; : ' • - f', Tugro is imteh . controversy about the des.: fugitive-4 froth . gory ion or The , .'slanso I. now read is.aa'plairdy inrtho•Constitution;us any other of its prl3= .visions:. ! . • - • tiaraOn hold to• eerrlee or 1 Lbor hi oho F tit ini- Afr en lairs tliertint eaeani Int , into' another...l , llllll; ',hi : cerocquence of ny..law or retaliation therein, olvtrsceft from, such service on I Lbor,. but Abell be dtlii•i• tip . iin olefin or the perty, to' ; whom cinch Berme pr it is soiicitly imestionr;(l.th4thiS, provision Was interiileil by these, who mail!: the .feeiaimiaz.Of %Whit . we cull fugitive 'slaves', 'anti the intention of tflejaw':g,:ivr is the Cringri•ss 'S,wear. th . eir•suriport.' iothe, whole constit9tio'n;. to.this. prcMsion Vie, well es , any • other. To the proilOsiiior; then, that slavesywhoi.e eases come' the:leftnii of this elattie . . ((shall. deliyei•ed their-oaths . are. unanimous. Now, it they ';Woold malie . :the:etfort gooll•teMper, could ,therfKli.with'neorly . - .equal ahanitnity; frame l end:pais klaVe-bitn'emis of iv.hich Co keep.good • - • . thatairtsnimonspath...Thereitt..some difference opiniomivitet harlbis . clause shoulti.bt en. .foreed'.by . .N'at lapel or by . .. State ant hority,,but surely that difference . . is tint •one. If .the , alave lir to: 'be surrendetred,it.can bed . ths, enniseq ttence' to hi tri . ..b . r.to others; by . authority: it' is (haw, :And . .. - . ta l on I d one; in any case; be content that his. bath shall go •unitept • on" a.. ruz4ely unsubstatitial controversy 'as to -how it ".s . be ept?-:—• ihe•subjctcofglit rot 11l "'the safeguards , of liberty . tho Otiiiiied - andhurnitnejorisprildenee • to be in- Stilhatfr,tie man be . not, in any else; Surrendered as, a slave, aivd might it. not . be . well.st the: ' . .satne time to provide. by • law forthe.entoreement of that'elanse in the con stitutlorty whiCh.gtt . arantees that o( . .eaehtlate shall be entitled to all the.priv ilegeiand immunities of :citizens in; the. sev eral States.",' I' take the official °oath to-day Wjth no , ' rental and witit.tin per poseto construe the constitution orlaws by any rc . ritical rules; and while I do not •Cboosenowtospecifypartienlar acts.of Con : gre'sri as proper'to be enforced;:Ldo• suggeQt that it wildbe - ranch 'safer,fot all, both in 0111- a .at prtva e• s a too ,• o CPII orm to and to abide by all those acts which stand •unre- . than te'violAte any.ot them, trusting t'tl'd. impunity •in having them held•to be . tincoitatitutfgrfal'.:.:, I's ievenly•iwo years since the first gnra,tion President under our Naticinal .Cnnstitutiriti. During' flint . period fifteen ninfviry.distinguished citizens have in suce . essfonstdatinisterel the Executive branch intihir,PciVernrnent: 'Phey have conducted. it ithritgh tnany.perils o .and genentily with great with this scope tor Prece- , . pow enter upon the'same task for. the '..,iqief i contaitutional tent of four years, un ter .ifitreat and . facial tte's, • k disruption • 4,04 e Federal:Union, heretofore only menaced itternpled. I •hold. that, in • iontemltiaticin'oPuniVersal law and of the Con. tfiese.States is Perpet.. ' t ß'e!rpntliity..isAtriplied if:ot expressed law of all National. evern. • safe to:.assert. hat no Govern proper ,VO: had a provision • in' its organ. , its own •tertriinat ; Continue to. ri.,.o ll .#oolo.olAii , eoress Proyisions.ot Na -4„lf,9.o4l,oistit4ian;.•,anil the Union wal.endpre'- ; .A ..#1.1(ei,•,4,-kininKin'tpossible to destroy it :ex-, fot,„,ky,i,sonsit action . .not nioirided for in t ,•,,.4;4lTl4l9 l 4 l lt.i!!elf;;•Agaitt, if the U,nitedSt ate's ''.ll)44A:l4?lreptittent: aitocia- . ~.of4(§4ooo. i pri4e nature.4a.conttat t • ir 00 : 4iii,:',,,.Outitet.i?e.platealgy. unmade \lo42.44lhepsrtien who «iade. it, . One p - n4r . violate; it, lireajt.it; ail to :•';',401% 401,040•:4;?EOekidintl-frainth'ese., geri. ;•• " ° 'cieit,i4o;;.6lnif,thet : praposition that • °fintstmAtioo,Ofe Union is perpetua.: the'jfrtiort its°, 1.1 4itttp . 4lldViiirn'tirconstittninn;, Aiptltt;/IqAS(ha - artieles of assn 7 ; Weis. mit ureil and. eor,ithi-. jrAiejmude'nei: in 7.(, ' • It i ^ wna, for - T .. 00Y .matti refl aml the.. plit h ICA; I'l . qt t. i t he pi , th” (tielea of t'on te'o era t 1 0 ,1,1 ti 1778., • t ,I;eclare'll objects.' for oribiiiilijiioinjestablishiMrlh l e etiot!,titittiort fOrM oCo'nre.n.rfaci Uninn.' But if tii i .4est irin of) 17),fan by oi . .A•nr-bv .4 1011 , .onlY trgi . S.yrvi*.o fTninn 'hatirni ,Ipst the errp...or.nr pPrpetikitY,.. -it. follOws •)io o mi. iic maM ini4;..iiintino,.). in Li i'r.et our tit the.rlrtion; on . .c nri'Mon , ces tar. vr.gil. re ed •that viOleneC Slot l iir.`ltatel a• most nuithoritc of_ the tinPary.or i-ynliiitioorin.crorclio:', - . •eircitpii; I tiineei. • L. tliciefoti,.e'no . :iiter that. in ,r• Nee Ci;osT tot iOn unit llg)..l.l\vs.lbe. ThijOit • brolt!;t,'; 00(,1 to 1 . 11 - i!..*:,:.,;ont,oe.ctt I 'joke care, lis'tho . Clini4litution its, IF expresol.• rnjnilis.lipiin.rr i.,•t hay . he \t ' ' . 3of l'ho Union itx;;ctiteil jut allllo'Sfate3; )n.4 ileein:ln • he Milyo,..siiriplo..Mity on my part, - Ishal) perfectly perliii.ot 'it so f,iras_ • is practicable,' tioleSs my : ti,:iitrillimist,•ers; American people, Shag ivithnlit• reip . l tirill.•or'in cune:uutboritative ! Ijrci.t I-. :e t t as only ri•it'z;n path at that it will emislitl,iliorialrr . I hi ; tbece• or . v iolence, and.. s•hall '6a- none tifilt; - 3.it . i3fo'ree I lior . rq thin niirioUal j'a , gYi-r, iMr (tiled • to . .tiM will he tkcilt.n.britil, M.-cppy, am] the•nr'oPert yowl pliiiiet.be!oniztt - .7,, to .43mierigneni, im 1 what 'm ay. bo necessary 'I it , there will be nil invtia'on,,.tin ns.ing .n or•iirrioip: Ili t peapie any . In the Shall'be en. ayi±is t. find ' tin fveraa pie -cent c'o'mpetent'. men residePt•• froin • ,holding the Veikral Mtli - Ms i . there:will Mi.' no. attempt to fur.? nhipet:' • While i strirtieral riAt rimy-exist. of the r:overanler t lei enFoi,, , the c'...;rereise of ) beSri• the attempt in dy • would in!! tr.,1..,n oracticaUe .( I., Pilf it bolf l^ i —,l. ,forec.cr thr . t tiine 'the .iisfiS o f The rn al.k., ronlinee to lar fornish!iil for : prissifile,,tbe people cver.v‘vhere that sense, of jihtfeet i t ron4 nt'vornble to•Cnlm thotialo am) The e n l iven he r e i nf ll m ;fe i l will. lie • folln . cveo, - unless. • current 'events 011'1(1 'show" n mndifirntinn or etnn.l . o 'in 'l,-o'l;t4lper, - nael • ip ei•ery . • fIu:J..I;4IM exr•zepey joy lesgtdi , Cereticel • will 'he *e'vr;reis ,,, l ,eeerdive• :•stanera. : aety v'etisiing,a nil with a I.:low:owl , hotin of no:ireful' .solut.iou Cif the. ii-gional I rouble's. Ond 110.. restnrat inn of fraternal svm. Pathiel'anti afT-ieti•Ortl,. That there ore sorts in one. seetiorr•Pr•iinothef - ‘vho s...;elc. to il . o- stroY'llle,kininn'ot all event,,mot Are • ony.preteNt to do i!, - T aflirtri tint drove Tlut; -if theip be. erica,, I need a.l l lres;• 'n'o' to To thin o, really love the-Tinror, - rnay T not speak? Ile. fore onf lipoo 'o mat teras the' - Al',,styortion nrotic national fabric, with all ila benefits, it rnetriotie:... an 1 its bop woill-1 it • riot. t0a...-iraht• w hy in? yon hazY.rt.rd. . neSpiirate. a step while au v i prirtion of • the, ill's.: yoii flit, from have no real okite'nee? • Will- ,yoq• . while:the you fly -TO are' t!r..o:ife,r raider till the re•al;nnrc. you fly fritm? ^Will 'yeti l ash that' eornmiasi,n,, ni safe-g-ful n rnikitalte? All•profe , !• , ,in h , i roil- Ttr:int the'Uoiop;•if ill Cok4l,i,t utionfrl estn,be,roarntoineil: o right plainly written Constitutina' trii T thin?: not. ; II J4 . •s,..,,confitiiteil . thilt un - party. eau) . rrifcli tn• the rintliteilY•or.., , inint;' . this . . 'Thin k i • lflOtt time, of •imtance ii;which. tt hltiinly-tyrittrn priivisinn fir :the cow:oNi ion has ev'er'heen doinied. nine force of natnhor, a mniority. olehriv , ‘ • t, .mj, an V - clen'rly , writfen. rorkijt to inual riglrt,•iCiniiiht. in. kt" Mora I pnim-nr fy TevolOtroru eertoinly tizbt Iye.re a vltal ono, , But such is not•coir All j he'vital riehii mionrities - anil...of viilitals are-so plait - 11 . Y .a's'aiireflln: thorn . hy • af.• 'Litiarantjes. Anil prohibiOnoq, it). the Corist' l W 10h t eltrltrri: nirer neerni.O!! I h. to, nn orm i nje law ran e . yer 4.,•filtrn'etl with a provis,. ion 'sp-cifteally'every ititte . Stion• Which, Mav•neciir imucticrlarlmini9tratinti, .No foresight' ran anticipate, nor any document of run snit able len , 4tli, contain 6Npro , e pro vis'• inns for all prissibte . rptestiomt.' frorplabor bosorremiqpnl N ational -or-Stott: antborihyl; • • • . , . . The . dons'titurion does ner.en:pressly say ; :' Ar ost. 'c onaresg: r,qteet SlaVery in -t • toilet: 1• The Cansti t lit ien . does Pet es pres'sk. . saY., ,FreMPitestions nt..thk class of ripe ell . • Par' ennstitittional yeetrt VersdeS . ; , end ere di 7 vide span them intomajitritjes andmineritje,t. Il'ahe minority wilf net - acquiesce 'the melon t or the Goveroinent:. must reit 'there:is .nn .alternative (or ceidintiing the :Governplent but.aco,niescence.on the' one side or Ate: otlter. .tf a minority irt shell a case than ricrjuiresce, they make e precedent which . will . in turn ruin end divide them; for a. minority ortheir own mill secede frArn th'ern whenever a. Majority refuses' to 'he controlled by a ntiiiority. For instance, ‘VhY may not any.Poitiori.et a:new, confederacy a. year-ortwo.hence 'arbitrarily' secede neaie, precisely as poitions of the .present, Union itnyv claim to seerde from : it '1 Alt tvlio cher ish.disnnien.sentiments 'are aow.beirig educa ted to 'the exace 'teniper of doing, this. is ..there such perfect identity of interests among 'the States to ccimrips.e a new .Union as to Pro :duce . harmnity - only , and prevent renewed 'se cession , Plainly, the central idert'of seces, ssion is the esence•of anarchy; A majority, held in restraints hy.constitut lona] checks and dimitittions, and 'alwayti changing - easily with. deliberate changes of ixopuler . .opinions acid sentiments, the . only true sovereign n( a • free people.. 'Whoever-rejects it; does;-o( nc ressity-fly to anarchy or to..despotiim.. Una n4ol4 ie impossible. The ruled' a minority . ,., es n.p.rmanent arrangement, is rvi..holly indd 4mi,s,iabie,..so.that rejecting the majority prin.", ,eiple, paorcliy or despetism,,in . some . .form • is ail that felon. do not: ?orget the position , asialned ,some, that tleinstitutiohal ,questions sie to be decided ey'the',Spiirenie 'Cop rt, innrdet deny . I t h a t suc l i m ee t o r o ti ippst lhe bindingin any case tipon'the•partii• tot'suit„, as to the" object of that friuit; while theyiiate'aiso entitlectio very .high respect and' .eopsideiatiodin . all parallel, .casea by all othai Pepat!rnents orthe Govern .ipent;,O4 while it is olivieusly,.-possiple. that such decistoh may 44 , 11 . 0PNwit in any:.,t4iirett Olt the evil effect' following )(Mite() ,to thaipartietilar ease, witittlie chance that it-thay,,he overrated, and never become a. precetient kir otlter.cases, can be beater borne thaP.eoPhi the evils of a .ili'Vreni :At the — sable'. the 'citizen -mutt . , . eontess. the Go . vekiitnent . - the whnle be h7•!he ef-• of n 's.i.dn they are •ineil.• in ot , iin',:l i• - .l.,rie tietWren pan fics"inii..t.sonn.l pectlO• will }mei.' their. tiny:ern: nietAt.kit:a .N nrTi,theieiret his ei,:inill,t.oprin• the Cnitrt nr:i hi' .1 •+: jr a y irk 'lb if Oct' - shr;iik fat n ban'. iral , On of . ahr i-atiriiry believe; mie la' to le:, he.oll.l , l..lieli,i.e^s noit.h . f 'hot' t:i f.xtop.l , ;a; Thisl . 3 01.• - orilY 8111)n't• :Jill the r Sin ve. ‘ . Clense of. I it C9lstitiifinn,..nn.l. th'e law - Int . ie' sap'prei;. Sin)' each . tinforeeil; IVOlhap4i to . Orly, litty. can ever . 114 wliern f Mara' .seriqerif th's PNCPIa - IMP •rfer'lly. sunrinits rise low itself. The' glen t 11•11 1 .porfpl , .! the't.try la it ['ion • . :and a:-few • break - ii:ver thi'nk, canner pri I.!et I y red..on lit .. , s.onlit lie'irnrse in both the'i;er'tions than rareh_ln..g.lave trail..., noty impen- - . feel 1:r • snore - won td hr rjltirnatei y" •reei-. suit witho.t.t rie t inn. in '09. , s'i , ctirim, fit- . :tive 0111 V InrthifV: •.irrron , woull :lot • b .r.. - Fikrr . .fild..7 red -A. by' the. . •rp,t , vi' ettnnot' ro'n , l.tt "nor sor Gong frinti orreiCntlior,nor'lrtittLan i , rp s.abiti. wall t 'Coon" A :hir‘ , l,anl •; : in , l litteionil and rn on. of' It' .prosenro ant be v'nut! ttio .of lit;r; hot the difforont• rt kof opt; nom, tlo They_ remain faro' and inter,_' foursr,'pithor hostile or. a , nir ,tntiSt con t 11.rt.tV:”..^71 . t ... 010i1,.•:1 , it prjSkijll . ', ' t hen, to , trtniro:o,ai'int:tycoor, , ,,' wort,. ntazoon's or: narnl , 11 1 .! f C" , ,. t ,' ai•n'inn tha l hofOrof: Ca".iliieilrt in ik-t9 in: than frion , ls Can t rHt 11 ,, b.'Co. if)) (ICS ni.;(.1),,t . ;:,,,06. ;111'01.4, ilia iiraivs r' i•an onnn, !zopp , :so'vrit t rnt, • r•innrit .n itftr , r.roorrh. Ins' on It sitlos and nri it .on lior yon; rho itlontioaf• no , ;st inns as. to • torroV of intorrhitis.; -, ro; n , za yon. • This.. entry.; with it , instifotionS; belontt4 • pro'rtto, wtir, inhabit. •AV honoy t , • styli . ' } wort' W 4, ,11: of. th , tlxistint.rttzovrtornetll - , they ran osOrri.oi thrir enlist itotiOnal right of armtndinz,',tr. their rrvolutio9aryr-itight,to des ro rrrilio rOr oirorthro'w it. I. ca'rrnot ranf.or..th.o 'cart this ',tatty worthy and:patri: • ottr oit'7...nr , rl..ll.:siton haeint. 111'0 • no- . COnst . itution While ; lurk° .no r ,, , , o , nrooqatiort of toonj,nent, I folly re- .roana. ,, 'llitt • !,,11.ntithoritYot 'thof'protil6' nee( ,Ito .what' soltjert,Jl,lny'rsOrrisod in efthor • - 1.11:i pro , n•rifirtl in tho.instrurnOnt • ti'l'l • sh , , , ild trodor', , s. - tstite: eircninstan.' Cl'q, fa.vor thari,opprcQr n fair oppor.to tlity ,alnirtkrd thrl?oople I will venture to add' that to mo •the Corieen. , then inridri.sorrns iirrfOralitr, in that.ir alloees atnenitmont; to otiginalrewith tho People • tostotid pt , rroitiing. thotn 'to talon-'rir.roirr.t proPOsitions" 01 Igloo tot by others not. ..espocially chosen for Ito. purpose; atm! 'which mivl,t not 10 prorisoly .nrh as they . •would•wiSh'elyhOr to al'Ci•Cpt or refuse.. l orr-, litat a- proposol• n mondtoont .1 the Constitittintt, - w,ltiell'amr,rotroont. hoWeve.r. .I• have itot ,, sron, has Cone.ro . ss, t.ll ., crrlytt. Govrrnroort'sltfll'Peer 01' ittltorf. , ro with lire. ilorpost ir.'in , titirtions 'of S;atop', that..pt , rsniis bold to sereiro.. Ti, vni!l. tnilionsti tie tinn .61.:wh'at have said (1.-pail:1;0111'111V purpOse not .lo speak of par, .noiondrnorids. cn f.t'r ns. to say, that snelt aAiroVision to' no , o be implied 'constitutional latat, I have no obl i ocliOn to its britto 'clad? tt . knress and irrrYbcal,le..; . . Cillief-Maciiiliate derive , : all .ltia ittitharitv front piitiptd, not the, litre Confcrreil none upon iii:u' to lit The teiaris for the sepitration'of the States. The pet -.. pip t honlFele i•J", ch.fr