i filiilst itif 2 ..lts.eill,'lrVes idled in .ei vil y ear-" ' 'II it
„ .. „ . :tithlitl*ie,-1 11 1 5, O F ." el ionsAr)'t hq Bet'ide , it \
freniffe',iride*Bay h.-n. -,Coogress p i optesse<
,t4 g ,i , irinralts . rifilif!:.3? rvir, it I?y'eoticiliation;
fltiVtifelisvetril •WAs'itot,plaied in ili'air . hands
.:Aintiii4e(V'Sl-, it VY,fnie.e. , "-...--,:. •
',„,rt,lll4lrtt'ti r ke Berini I ted solemnly, to iftVoit•
i,./.24iiliii4VOS:ooY(e)));lll.l,e'atld deliberate beint'o
-74ili.010)"11914CriV nest t n ny 4thiS,' the gikinrlrt.t
4- ' '" `IV 1011 - 11'.'d ' 4b " 'I i' 4 I
, 1e„"!..,F Is h e,..-13 e. "' ' eo' ( e tc..x. l( `i" "I
-alafitt.ttOfpl.otiliee the, world be; letios .
'-'';,#'lt-i:,..LV,.l..fiaa..ted bY•the, blood of ony La1 1i .,,,
:.."..filblitittritlioriettior- the: past, anti by 'the hop , , ,
iiit T ,hiltititt# , ,.) , j j'h,e'lifiltlll EiAl q alteady .tr.,i it o
4,lo..ttra:frarst prosperous iii.t, eta long, e ill, ii I .
:,„.tie4fTeN/APildPr -tie thP a 103) p a w. , l ll l l „,,ii, r ,
s ' oh:fic;iace at the 0)111 h.' In every forei,!ii r -
n ' l.l
/.7 lli i i2 - n i - f i ' P l .litb 'e
t e he t it
Isea A:net-Lea n t it ;au
t
.Asbut4 , ilsthe higtei i.e. petit, dud' when pit.-
b'railnAt,ll a btriign `le ld it cases the•her:ts
''''rtii-ietiris ottirMse to sue)) wi'lli honest- pride,
'"Suall 'Wher'n we l'ileh the in ink ol t he"ya ts 1.-
'lfAinghub:yi4 3 ; . , sne shall recoil with hot ror tioto
'''tVeclat'it'fatal pleiti4e , . by shell adi Pad eattis
7tiopha'the hopes ut the It ietats of ft Ve , 11 , 111
''' throtiglani the world st t itiltl be destroye.l, end
: ''''ii lonr night of leaden cleN,Otisl,l ,A „,, , ,4 , 0 .
'-'' , shroud the nations. Our exa,mple tor mule
,
-, - ,'-th:si; elehtY years would not ooly be lost, I ut
, • if wor t od be euott;tl' as conclusive pool that
‘llll4ll is unfit for self-government.
elcii not every wrotre--nav, it is not every
• gr i e v o us, se lf :mg—which can justify a resort to
sueli a fearful alter name. This ought to he
thi l'est'sleijus'rrite remedy of a despairing two
ple,"after
. every other constitutional Illf.a is or
ric4ciliation bad been exi„tausted. We sbneld
reflect theit'under this l'ree goverionent there
is an , incessaut ebb end flow in public (million.,
The . slavery question, 'like everything he
min, ,vviii hove its tiny. 1 firmly belleve•th ,t
' itilhasalready reached' Ad 'passed
. 1 ip. c O rn i.
noting point: But if in lite ntid.t ol the exit
' ing excitenient. the, - Union.'shall palish, the .
evil !nay then become it reputable. Congt,....
can contribute much to avert it by pi ',posing
and recornmending the I egkl titer°. ot the sev
eral ;Strafe', the remedy for extstiiie et ' , 'lh•
' • which the conetitution hes itself inovided fur',
its own preservetion. This has been Ii led at ,
" different critical 'periods of ..out litsioi), fool
, always m•lth eminent ,success. It I. to be
found in the filth article , p l oviilihg tor its own
amendment. Under this at title tatietitlinents
bavibeen propped by te,o third...Dibolh h i a a
of Cong,ress,•unil have been ttrat ifi el by the
,legislatere's of three.fourths of the s eeer.,)
States," and have consequently become pair.,
rif the:Constitution To th is prey e‘.4 Ihe coo ri
tryZis indebted to the clait'se prellibit ing Con
. grese frotici'passing any law respert int! idi. es
tablislinient of relleinn, or alitidging the flee ,
*dom of *gpeech or of the press, or ot the I 'alit
of petition. To this are seen indebted (or Ihe
Bill of Itif's,las ' villich secures the people
against the abuse of power by the federal
government. Such were the apprehensions
justly entertained by the friends of state right's
at that Period, ns to have rendered it extte Air
ly doubtful 'whether the Constitution could
have long survived without t hese a mend melds.
Again, the Constitution was emended by
the same process after the election of Presi
dent Jefferson, by the Holier of Iteptesenta-•
ives, in February, 1803. This amendment
was rendered necessary to prat.ent a recur
rence of the dangers which threatened ate e'x
-istsnce of the government during the pendan
c.y of'that election. The erticle fur its 0:311
amendment was intended to secure - the ami
kahle adjustment of conflicting constitutional
40.3'8041s like the present, v, bich might arise
between:the governmeets of the States and
that of the United States. This appears from
, contemis,etraneous history. In this completion
I,shali merely call attentigH to a few senten
. yes in Mr.. Madisrin's justly celebrated report,
in 179 p, to the Legislature of Virginia. in
this' he- ably and conclusively, defended the
reselutions of the preceding legislature eldest
the strictures of several other State legiaa
tures. These were mainly founded upon the
protest of the Virginia legislature against the
rt Alien and Sedition Acts," as , malpable end
alarming infractionst of the Const am inn." In
• pointing 'out the peaceful and•constitutional
remedies, and he referred to none other, to
which the States were authorized to resort en
such occasions, he concludes by snying,..ittint
', the legislatures of the States might have made
a direct representation to Coneress, with it
view ter obtain a rescintlinol the two effect
sive seta, or they might have represented to
their respectivte Senators in Congress their
wish`that two-thirds thereof would propose - an
explanatory amendment to the Constitittion,
or two•thirds of themselves, if such had been
their option, might, by an applicution to Con
tress, have obtained a convention for the
sante Purpose." , • ' .
This is the very course which I earnest!)
recommend in order to obtain• an 4 , expleined
amendment" of the constitution' on 'the sub•
jest of slavery. This might originate with
. , Congress or the state Legislatures as may be
. , deemed rOlt 811VISallie to obtain the. ohject.
, - The'explarratory amendment might be con
ffned tri the final aettlement of the, true eon
' 'atioctiOn of the reinstitution on three; epccial
. , . . , .
;.,.. , P° l " t .,!''' • .. ' .'
• ' " . I. A il oxprees re c o g n it i o n of the. 'rights :.of
'pro — is . e'r , tit:in :sixtiea . In the states where it now
eiiiitior iiniy„hereafier exist, .' . . .... . •
'''''''lf: The duty of protecting this, right in *ail .
the yommon• territories throughout their .ter
• ... ':" riforiel;e*ietence, and until t ley shall be ad
' flniits4. - 41 states into the Union, with or
• , ' ' - iii r it&iut.ll o lverk, ai the's: constitutions: 11: liy
3;1 1 1: Ilk* re.c_lignition of the miter to.have,
, • . ,
' . bie Sillies , . seh o bee . escaped from one state to
' iiiiietlier,'resitOred . end ilihililiereil up" to. him,
lied '4,the,ialidity of the. Pug itive. : Slave 'law
. egqieted` fait_ (hie ' purpose,' together with the
••
.' •illpfisliatjaii.thai Ali, eters , laws imputing' or
• dpfeeitini thie . right, a te-siol'a tions of the con
, ' ' : ititetioei and aro:Coniequently.null and ,void.
• , •' .. Wiwi*: be objected . th, at ,t his construction
'K the :cOniiiitition . hoe a I teady : liken - settled
.',. ;'• by Illiii.tlepteMe Court of..the the, Limited States,
, '.... silt what m ore OP ight ' to bg it iv(' The
/ :
. . .
:- -..mmini...o, 6; that :a la rge.proportioP of the peo,.
' Joie of-the tinited States still congealth4 cot
._ : , teseteesi of thi decision.; and:never Will cpeae
- .C'.itliaii:eititistirrii and ' allgiitTits .' bitidis4".force
' . '..'.' , 2;enliiVehealiky , eitatdisheil iiitlii?,, people of ' the .
..:.,.'...,?'„beiiiiirail*iiteiiin theitioveteign charticter. 7 :-:'
~. • ~"... leiek'stiaispleiiiiiiii atitentlnienx wonid; it . is .
..,.., -, .t,f , bell,iiitied;:',fo!eaif teitninaie the; existing ' . dis- •
40slieiisi'find''itestore, peace and
,harmony
. r • .y. , , ,, Olsoilibi,'Statee:.' , .. ' ` • . - .
s.. .. ,
~ Opt to e op ted that such an ap- '
iji' f "';',44!,O;sl*liiei.';;.ailleifilintient ,estatilished:, by the •
t',1'A.:[,',,,,,` : fiOdbOtiiiiCaidebibe. reol sied:wit h. fq
,';-,,,,gu.;,,,A,. ' Appliinhe.Btitet et die confederacy .`'ln
so
'-: '. , ' - ' 4 i: , .. 41ormiimi;!it.'oti giiiitlO be tiiid'in . :l , :epirit ';of ,
' , .''W'sf4s,, ~... i..• ii m iler ''''"P ' ( ili' . ' '' ' .'
' ' ' shall:.
~ r,.. .
~, , , ore, i y t , AO 1, est,: atatee,
i'''' ''.',.....1 4 1.41*-tO# 'o l : loM:tbirV.iiion; . --.
;.:.,,w duties. Aiiip:occodz,i4j:ii - 00.-1: 61 the '
it-i'''':' , l , oo/400441.t0kt*A•0..,0.,.0i,hi' ec_ our
... , -.,'.., ,.. : , ,,4,40*41111)4iti.;et ',all .'eatis.
;''''' , Vlbl e ki)"`„OiiirOaria'4 l ,Ate,iflAii 1 datigpriies'
. - ',ii4:4 ',,, , thrselAidlib:,o.4o,liatitifie :, ',mid; iiro
*
- '.''.,'...':'''di - let . :'' ' ' `" iqdrfeibieioiill'''etita.etlreiCdation
0 , c!4 , ,e1- , , ,,, ei1..^ . ' 4 :
e.:OM , :: . L '': • ' ' :.:•.,, r .. , '-:;•! : .
'lz'tvie,Fi-I.'r' • tioti: nl
111
,e; r:o? , . "1,o ! ! roo;
ry pN
oite
p4oitipi'rviith oaf. I
•4.• • ~. ,
yjinp . ‘ . .4 . ,[0 . 1. go , i y ol p6so , '6l.•tnal;loz : :
;i:cylt . bliVi•..l
1111.1 . :f ;1 . 11,
IV, ' re Vlll . oil I
.t , Vofit'',E . u . O.l
,
t i! . 1:• :I
i.!o)s:lli(r.ti6tiirt• P , "1 1, ! 1 ) : . %ye r!it
•vj a , t yr: ki ir. t z• .1 1
tt.sl . l " (4il(/: -. 116:1 . 1 . 1.(!!CtiO!'), -
1;0 , 10 9 . 1)i.11,1'a II r. , rot ierb '(jur . grateful
. lair
Las t;o01. I ii It 11i01q0 . 1)1
,:* • • ".
4EI, AT licE*; •
. Oiir• ,1,1tjc , n4';.v..,:it.; irs:n
.01 410 . !
r .
MO ki 6i: .
a ruin thi , •
y (F 44.. I
sie•iicitCial:.nrd.:hl'"i'lreAldver'lii.n 6 td,.
I;evii 4414/ i oo i, y I/ 01,1).1 ly
roc s i.;,,ii:4 or -
. ton . . \,,:;•L•
eina,t•W,,, tijti , .; ritt pi , crt . Cne
list a«nw, 1/1 . 11 : 1! ~In,reoteflin2 itspeeto,4v.e-te-,
-
""Y 14",,..7'.11iiienti
ir;j1
trio (V
Fi4
and lii;nrr. poi 'non-i . e:l.d thN under:
e I :x:een,l ner ‘l f 2 l: '•
II
1.1 a.-!.
. .
10' t'.brcfidr,i.t• iv sihir ,
ifer..
y..‘“lfr ~tot I
N0v . t:i0bi.r, , 1r.:',7,5. and Niqlb f •, ) ICY : 4 !% 1
. 2511 . 1 A 11;i1),t, '
. 1 . 01 . 111(410611'!'f. hl• • ".1 , '";•
piot,Actor:eie t
the litiy•l,fon,b4 a' pa: Of
111 . 1: .1101 Alt fa - 5.1
-
it'lvrd pOit the iiit boion::
ioiptir:inf.t*
, othipti.,•ll'.. by . . 1 ‘.f
Tioil , (l Suites.', 10 iLe 1 (e+ity
Liitidon I
tilte•t tvo • 1
. that t bi 4 tI a t.y ve'ils'.lt.jt;(!i , : l'. hh , tio! ,I! • rvti
i• 6%. ortoi;bilweitto.o:of
moololOwill, 01 t'o..
the FPI
J:mudsip lie Bpy . .• 11o4;bo :lc. • • •;•
.. IA roost 1)...0 . I .‘
to :rlleltl4;eti of otir 'c iti•L us
to tl i osOsetigio.lod ; t:.‘0000i . ,•;- , ; •
the Gluitn r uu the•ri,ir!'l (r,,t.t
or:c4 co,
•
, trc,4
. .
Lees ribitsloired.. This wits .1,3i.f,0•
dirmorous miost.lon to the. p-,:eir Of 'tlie
countries o` I, ich• Itas:exic toff the War ni
IVltilst rernaine,l.Miatr . ; they
ut any timmoof liii been Preeisitated
:IA of,
'asperaterl.sitrita or:public feeling throughout:
our entire country . rirdilored
. by• the forcible
search'. ill American iherchrist ;vessels • lily..
ofi the' coist ttf.Cub , is•ths ,
Spring Of • :lil; Arne; lean 'forip"6
with ganerul srcl.riui tll9.oriteriof the (icrei•
triiir of the 'Navy 'o . .our tisrril force in. Nu.
Guiror Proiret all easFels of the .
ITiriteit . Stata's rinittie seas front soarch•
: Orrietrirtirin tbOwe . ssiols•of;War of
. 1 , 1)y
oiritinw".iiliesO order , : triitthti brier,
nilmerl. an iimmillitito.en'lrsioni between.. thin'
• .nayul•foiraes nt.th, , tsim . countries. •• ThiS war'
most fortunately prey . .. Mad by_ an upp , il.l . .to',
this Pis' ice . of Gram Ihiitain an d to the' laws
of ortimor .e.a.eirpouiderl . by her mast 'tali'
•
The Mrly qtrariirin• Sr a'ny rroportatma hich
stilt rents Mr •ispari is. the disputed
. ..title Ikb . ;
•tween Ihe.t lieu Imeerittromt4 to tho• of
fan Jdati, in t Ire 'id . efts 13i of \Vashiligr,on
dory. is still 'tailor` tie.ao•
tiufirin, it 'l not doarnad.indeisnible at, the.
pres,int, mniderit to istike'imy other allusion to.
the iUhjec[:' ••••• • • •
110.16 cent t isit of ilia Wales, in
it prieste:character,• to tilt people conn-..
try, has prpved In Lc a nin,l onspir ioni,strnt.
Is ifs consermenroo, it•Ortni not hot to i n e reas ii
theikisdrarl and kindly (slings ss . hieb I i use
may •ever Part lime; ilia.C,wernmaia Mid 'people
of.hoils constriefi 111 theiripntitieul anll social
intereottise . iwilli each oilier.,. '
.With FiatiCic ntir ancitint and powerful
nut rebititpis contituta to he cif ,t he pipet friend
ly...ill decision: has: recently been
made by it F . rencll judicial tribunal,.
approb,i t inn ef, the Federal Govern/bent, wBich
cantint tailto 14.sterthe sentiments ril ' ' mutual
ye.wirit that have solong existed bet Weim thp .
'two countries.:' Under: the Fieuell. law , no
persoitean.terv'e in the at attiiies df"Franiie un
less he tie :a Ft eneli citizen.... The law •of
France. reco:olizin4 the natural expa
triation,.rightefi. it. follows us a- nil oral cone qati cure
that•a Frt;iiClitn t itt . , by the fact of- liat'ine ho
Come. a citizen nt the United States, has char-.
ged his rillegiiii.ce."and lds't .
patiYe rac,:.
t er ; jje,• - cunii , g)! therefou Pi. be 'Corn pelled to
service in the Ft Pitch •nriiiiei,* in . case he
shotild..rettirn'td his Me
it ise country. These,
principles were . nimetinced in 185 . 2 by the .
Fterich Aftrikter of War, -anti in I W., late ca
ses have heen cbalirrned by the: French judi
'ciary...'lti thince,twn.natives of France have
been' r disehattred from the French. army be-•.
CPused hey . hail heroine Anierican
To employ t hit'lnnenage niour Mesent tninie
te.r.to Prance,- whe has. rendereitgood service
colitis not 'think our:French.
naturalized...fellow citizens, will he 're
-after exPerinnce muarantioyance on this sub
ject.''- vent are to predict that the time in
not far' distant When the other continental
powers will-adept Inc same Wiee and jtist
icy Which has (lobe sn . much. honor to. the en
lightened government. of the, lilmperor.' In
any: event, our goi.ernment is:balitit(to
test the rights.ot our natural citizen eyer . -
where. te the same, extent M hey had
driiWn flinty (list breath in this oeuntif. We
call recogorzen.i . diStifletiOn between out na
tive "and:nattiralized
Between the'great ennpitopf Rus'sia antliks.
Bhited Btates: the 'mutual. 4riendship:and re
garfl Which has sO,lnng . existed•still'cont lanes
to prevail,. .paseible,.to increase. ,In:
deed; gin relatians with:that empire are all
that we :could desire.. • •
' 'Ougrelations with Sushi sre oft% more com
plUated.though less iltingi4ousCharacter, Oak
they . ,/layu been for inant..years: Our cifizeha
. b two long buld, and .contin up •to.bold, 'Outher
sons' claims against the Spanish goVerliment.—
bsere • - ably urged for a series of
)ears by . out sueceeaive diploCriatie repiesen:-
'tativet at Madrid, but without obtitining z•-
•
A.
car I '_! h
41thi• .(....t1 , :.11•4•1+41:y35,".;:fr01intiii...; ; 5 1
of: our
,*".4 11(7'.01,6'0t
h'e
• f. ht!
111,.
cvelit to
10,114,•!0,;;irt01:0$ ilhnr
. 101:irs: I .11itt ,. .4:v1.1y rent,(m. to,
'f; 1 10,c;
:110 tIY j •.'111,) , ‘ . ./1;
r , 11:1)(ti t t,t
0.1 r) In 41 . S.l te;1110 . ..t; ,
' ;19Ipti!pr frimi..t!)•
tcluicti..l:l!:v.lire - i;rilit Il i In p•eei v 5., Il'o toi
t'ff,:r,;, of r.:l - or.t . , t u v.:
•
•
t;tirsq . ..;‘ , 4',lltt•t.r . ::r.iiri,.. - or.'tif • sti) . ii.e of.• 11,.!
(i•i~rn 11 pain w.:...irer roi
of
it trp ! • .Ni•i-111 , ..t. • 'the. v;ti rdity,
vitti4r ty,
ordi)of,.
(..o;P:- , o141o.. 111,10,1,
got,:ernmfti4 tfiir Gilt
. ( .„1.,,i 1 ty1.011 1 ,.......%, T 0:ra t i 4.14n]. ehtiillyl belt:4s.
p•tyrri::nt
tti by :t r,6,Y or my .
ti - s'‘voi I tr3Y.,.;•)f.,qnd..ari•aj)pro•
laiurlou IOP thatf!orpos• pa9Fed the Si•u•
;tie Of t.rti , erNit , ra.
llS,stihioitt,ed La ttfc boajtll6i.
arid ,1, , er.,:i0n
rt,•petrively:to
p t.IIV 1
' . . .plans: as tiO in ,
:1,;,1 to t ieWor Of:srtia
I '6:oTturl!! ,, l thisco'niYiiii.;il .- To fro:. tit.naTe:
11.
.:11".:1 .% •at:tion on ih« 3,01i1y,
S111 . 1.'0ed:111 , 4
drqt`r
i,rs rar:fieljic“.l
r-,..,,r.", rf.!‘lwith
pnsl.
is that tik
L.Lpon
.
1 1 , (0,01te rani
'annual of
rpp.. 0 t fa
. ttaf lovay
ni i t ion (1 t't(hafr.tn Spain by fair
yuri I firmly. I••I , eV•Pr stiof . l Uri an
wonbl (Telt' lbw.. cr,•pn',l luny . to the
heinf; atiil-yrosp , tity of hot h count ries , iii
hl! fnllite tint • 'atv well r ptere the 'ci,rbain,
itislan. , ' arrnprnlia tnly al4iljsiiii‘,y, 'the Afr lead'
tame tbinne.fitit. ivould
(hi; lerrantnAtnlation irpoit the pro -
ti‘nt. th:r ' ,, , ion; it t iwii.,.“o,.that!hECtrunsfer
of Cuba, 7.w:0(o Statos;•llpiiiicclinlitions
fay . rlfablp to Spain, cold justly' tarnish
.tr( ! .; i(a iiina I btonor (if.th'e. proud- and liticii , nt
Nlotialchy ..S'qtrly no prison.: c y e r
; H106 11 0,1 to' lire first, Naporeon a disregard of
tirr nalbinal .1,(.11( . 4 of fiance lij.fransleirfint
Laitiitafiu to he United, State! fora fairequiv - -
. 41plit aiio'.cunrpnrcial
I=ll
.. . •
. .. . .
.
. Wit h .11p! Em peror of Austria, stlr s ul , tlie.re=
m•tiiiirtg contit;e,iiil powers or EMope, inclu .
0 1 ' 1 4,' t h or of the Sulfam . our .rela 1 ipipt continue
lo' be hi the must friendly pharlietsr.' ' ..: .• .
Tim friendly anil pennefkilyolicy.purstied by,
the goveViiMetit. of tire 'United States. tows rd,
the empire. of (,}l'ria bas produced ,ihe.. maet.
sati-bidory i - csulti. -The treaty of Tiett:si , .ri
of Ihr.lSlhl 858, haft !Mei) Mit hlttlly
ribea'i'ved by' the Chinese •Uutitorii ?as. 'The
convention of iiirt Slh of .ISfiS, sup
pretnentat y reply, for the tulpistthent
and Satisf4cfibti. of_ the cluLtiis of our citizens
on China; referred in in my last animal Mes
.suite, bus beetrelreUdy eafrieil into virect,'
tbis wits pi kirtiee
If oder. this convention the sumi of .:',00,000
Omit to about s7oo;ooo;aviia:stipulatfai
to ilia claim, Of
A t tiertcaii:cilizeuisoiiit.ol Ilia:one-fifth of 'the
rcc..itifslor tonnage import, and ex[iort
on. Arnet:ie j ill vessels at, the ports of Canton,
Shunt hai 'rind Pucltait :.'and it %I' (14 , fagrecif.
that (big' aiootint, shill' be in full of
'all 'cl'aiins•ht,Aolericair citizeos'at the various
,poits- to this date.'"•.Dcheniures fur 'this'
•ainoiliit-tri wit . :•300,000 taele.for.Cantoy,
'lOO,OOO. and' 100,000. for Fuchnu
. -Ltvere: delivered 'according to the ,terms of
inn, convention by' Ike reipiictive•dhincie Col
`leCtot's of the, custom, of these ports' to the
aelecteil by. our
,iiiinister to receive the
. . . „
'Since that: time the eliiirris of Our...citizens
have:been. ailibited by the heard of Commis,
sinners aPpdintett for that purpone under the
nct rf March' 3,1 S 10, arid their awards, which
proved satisf.ketnry 'to the.'Claimanti; have
linen riPproved jiy our minister. In the atpre
'ate ;hey amount to.theeihn of $108,604 7S.
The claim : anti halie iitreudy received a large
proportiOn of the sums awarded to, them out
of the.fund liroVided, and it is . crintidenity
pected that the remainder will 'ere long be en
tirely paid. After the awitillsaliall have been
satisfied, there will remain a . surphis of more
than $200,090 at the disposition of Conv.ress.
.An this will in 'equity beloiikle • the Chinese
Government, would not justice require its ap.
tippropriation to some benevolent object.
which the Chinese, may be stiecially:ifiteretit
etl.
Our minister to China, in Obedience to-his
-instructions, has remained neutral in the war
between Great 'Britain and, yranee • and :the
Chinese. Empire.; in.conianction.witbt4
siantninister,'he . was ever' ready . and willing
had the' oPpnrtunity •offer?d,• to'employ his
good odic...sin restoring peace • between - the
parties... It is but an' act of, simple justice,'
both to our present minister and his predeces:.
&or, to state. that- they have proved fully enhal
to The delicate, •trying'and len,srionsitile
:posi
tions in which therhaved)den on different:Oc,'
casions placed; '• '
. .
The ratifications of,. the treaty With 'japan
concluded at Yeddo on Aim -, 29th
neieexchanged - at ..Washington, . on : tho' 22d
May Jest, and the treaty itsellwas:proelaiM.
ed on the succeedingday... • The'reie good tea.'
eon to expect that, -.under its 'protectionlamt
influence, our trade and intercourse with that
distant and interesting people will rapidly in-;
The ratifications of,the treatywere excharh ,
Red with usuhf solemnity... Yor this purpose
the Tycoon had accredited( three of his moat
distinguiihed Bu bjects ris invoYs extracirdina
'ry and ministers plenopotentiary, .who were
received and treated with marked distinetion
and kindnerrsitorlh by the - gorernment,and the
. • •
p',0 1 ,10•0411.., , L'Hit. , ll-.::::Ves,. - 'Tiiiq'v 11 art'e'ry.
~, , f,,,,3.i:, i1'.•1v..1. , ,,. 111.1 . r )iii . .). 1.1-0 vi;1;-t.11:1:.p•I h,
il:orr rinSiVP !.I . 91:, 111 fir., , ly, r.;n - !.i!•lll , (l•Aviiii 1 - b, ir.
•••;••il. iii4l. , tow,••',lll)"tyvytri,..l
On• •
UI Oic.1:11•.:: ,, !):',•• , •i bt'..llcap• it sidr, 11;:it
. ;11.111 F.:•t-c;•r•:1; t , tiyl
I:),•aiYi• r!owl
sb;lib••t.%%•••4'11.;;;,•• ,F•t. , .t.!•i‘'(" , : • •\, , l:i'rkal•
'ai...1.1ii•••••!,•:,;j••••••tho-TVO nil or la YIP at'd Lie:
=to-ye ;:i'co''."
{!!h :id,
;1rc.v.1.1,0,r tp •
Of . ; I,fi
, ... •
- •*- ' • . scl.v .:RAN.AILk. •
:.1111 ,. c)ichatn.!c , tirc Kt , ratitivoli,.!)r.s . fir,t
t fioptiblic of 1t • alfalfa
.);) I Ile KO
pecidepta r l
is Teps;lcabi;.
.:i"flr'sn tit illi3ti,ffla
he'.51 . 11 '6l . : 11; . ovi , ,ifibi;'r :1 0 0:-L.
a•c'oto I,cen uJitico4 . • t
i : i ii:d.,l.;;;;',unk:
. 50 '.sel:oilN at. the .
.ppriod oCrlty irlic
. 2:Cita IEo qs rne,
thr 171 i) El fci s dirc'ct
•pJ , ssror vettit tt 1('
: .. .. .
1rt i 0...1. it,i'i 'i. t inv.el)lion', t 110 jp-vo'ilitlPrit of
.. ..
,%.%. Grotiad“:ll,v: qwc:,,tt.lyl. , l;to ,, .vloa.g-11..it'-,
.11 . to. t,0.1.,,r,0;:.,ib1e tos.ir ClI . 17,1•..h5 4 •i(oy 11ii,
lizia; . . s whicji , ‘vi.i . P . cati,,... - 11.' 1 - I,y l-he jut at.
qjiikrrAi! on the .15:}1 of, 'A is,rll:
clnin y,
leT,M11;;I• %vial
Itilig!ikeiLuie.e:l in ' ; vain
fur nOjiistilielit to cointryi . 39ers.
i•Litiv;?, riotr.ty
;o1 :to
c.il ry ,it lulu I.ti:et.: •.. •
..• costa AN') mcatraura.'..,
-Pyrite,verirM•edllyits have beetrmade for the.•
arent (.1* tIM claiirtsi'nf A Met icalreit
againSC.:thfrgovlstrinient'ot ccsic . -Riett, 'mid 1. -
am .to MlCrrn voit.th:it Katie'
ly preYailed: • A crinventiCri was tiered t'.
the "city of San-Jost, on the July' 1,1%4, •
hel ween' Ce",ideut of•:ihe -
'States ir,Cost-i and ti;.'pleitepotentia.,
rie"col(hut.r.t.pohjic . ,..reterr.ing ; these clairtrsto
iv lam yommhnlionerF ! , acid poviiiing,:for
. .the -payment ot 'f
.1.10.1 i
Seniite for their !•nriht itoional action. s •
. The' e lalmc of cr,ir citizens upon the remit)...
tic at Nicaragnaay . R: 1101 provided.
Mr by treaty, alttiouirb is for thi;
piirpose have' been mode 'hy.our mud
icent - to ihnt• letinbJe..• • 'lliese ale:- still ,oti
titoi. it'siith affair. prospectol . •
. . •
Out-relations shit Mexico remain:ln ad'rm‘t
un. , a.t is l'av tory4condit iorr. In my.
rile.stme4 diseu;sed e'xf,hiively I he-...tb-,
ject . ol these relations...and donot f.osv pin p.,he
toyepeaCat length the factit acid ammairtil a'
I lien• presdnted. They moved,' initclusively
*that oar .eitizeni residing in Mexico . and (fur
traiting'thereto had suffered a series
of 'wrongs it iid'on trageS such As we. ha V i;_nev« , r
from any; other nation. -
thoce:our•iucee , siVe . .,friihistel:,6, inyoking the.
taitit'ortri - aties,'ltinl, in the 1); . 1111R . 01i 11 ., 4 .
'country ;demanded , persistently :deanileil . .reilres. and
idertinification, twit hour Ihe :slightest elfeet,
Indeod.„.so : confidetit had the' ic ..ntl-or
it ies' in , come of . our, patient yridolianee, t
they imiversalfy iiiiieved they.- might t.onitnit
these outrages upon A merice t..it izens'• w ill •
abSolme•impunity; - Tlini sytote otir Minister,
in 18:16', and eipressed lite-apiifion„that "no
thing init . a Manifestation of the power ()Prim
govetnment, And of :its purpose to ; poni.slithcse
syMng,•wiii avail.",
Afterwards, in came the . adoption
a new Constitution for Mexico, the electionof
r , ,,64id.riit and Coilgressstislfer.iisiOri t yisico:;
and t ra oftlie esident. •
141-one Short . ii : Coth; how eyer,' this • President
-•
•wai . expelled.from the cold by -a .rebellion,
in the urtity, - and the itopreine Tower., of the .
ii llublie 11%14 cieneral
'Thin iNorper: was- in: his. soon comp.-died .
•to retire Ciki give to
.-General irainCo..
' the comritarnin had be . .en this
'.adopted; S.:niorduarez . ;.a3 Chief in-lice :of the
nm'emeCoutt, tuirame p i i. s i,t e a t
of the r, piddle; and it was for the maiitt.ManYe
ofllrerfiu , titution,.and his . ut hortty
'ele'ritt l'
hem it,, I bat the civil scar 'cominencetl; and
*still Cord ConIIIIIIYA 10 in;'prosectited..
Flitotig:bout the year •ISSS, the constitution
al part y gre'sv . stronger acid stronger.- :In
,toe
•pre,vjou . .4 history Ale:rice a successful military
revolittion at the capitol lialalenoStiiniversal=
. ly been the 'signal 'for. subinission throughout
the Reptiblie. .Not so on .the. present Cecil-
Sion:' li . inajOilty . of the vilizelevpersistently
sustained 'the constitaliorlal government.--:
When this.was.rpeognizeil,linlAtiri l ,'lBs9; by
'the goVeriiment of the -United' States, its ati 7.
thority eittendesrover a large 'majority of .t he
Idekican 'states, and• People, • includinz Vera
Gritz and all:other . important, seaports of,the -
Reptild , From that'. period our , cominerce'
with Mexico begat; to revive,'and the „crinsti
. tutionAl . .government has :* afforded:it utl the
protection in-their
• • Meanwhile., the .government of - 11-lir,amoh
still held sway at the, capital and over the stir
reuniting country, and,coittinted its 'mutrimes
'against . t he
‘ few Ainerican, Citizens who' Stijl
had t he' c utirnze to . remain within i its 'power...
Trt capr i tlie climax: . After 'the battle; of - Taco
...baya,- iri A1iri1,..1559, :General ,M arquez or
de m
red die ettize . ba . ..of 'the United States,
tss oof thetri physician's, to be seized in the
•
hospital att hat. place,. taken out and shot,
without etime• and -wit:heat 't ,
This ; was
dona, not withstanding our unfurl 'mate 'court-,
trymen were at that mpment engaged
,fri the
'holy cause of affording_ relief to the soldiers .of
both parties who hail ,heart wounded in this
battle; .without Making . any.distinction, be-,
'tweet) Ahem. • '. • •
The-time had arrived; in my dpii.ion, when
this,,government- . Was bound to exert its power
to .averige and redress the ivrongsyef our citi
zen's and to afford,therweroteetion- in MeXiCO.
• The - interposing .01)st:tele ,was that the portion
ofthe. eoutityy under the 'swag- of lifiratriti .
not
, he reached wjthetit pa'asing.. over,
territory under the..jarh;dietiOn of the consti-
Mtional.,government. Violet.. these Cif CUM ,
StUnCeS; dceined'it my duty to recommend,
to COngreas,,' - in my, last annual . message, the ,
imploynient of a Sufficient -force to
penetrate into the interip'r,..,-lYhere the: gov
ernment.ofiMiramen -WaS. to . be found,' with,.
•or; if need-be, witlieut 'the consent Of the Jo-.
arez - goverement,tlionghit Was not • clonlite . d .
that this emisent coald ..be 'obtained. Never
ave I
,had a.cle . arer_ctinviction :on 'any gib-,
ject than of the jsistice.as vvisdotn of
'such a policy... No alternative was left, — :e.t,'•
Sept' the: entire itbandonunitn . t. of our', fellow:
'citizens who had gone to. Mexico, :'under the
filth of treaties; to the systematic injustice,
cruelty and oppression of Miramon's govern
ment. • Besides, it is almost ceriain'that' the
simpleanthority trreMploy this. force . would •
of itself have •accomplisheil all: -Objects
without striking 'a blow % The constitutional
-government would then. ere 'this.. have-Ifeen,
'established at the city of MexiCo, and Would
.t% iIIIII to 1 lic . i .. . gf6ol of
. . ,
m
lii !At &err; 't ii 4 an iportant
govrymnititzi
linYe Li; en ilepayed pretest to -inteiferu
in ijnt • „lc,rhi,tnr.jti ilOrrnist iv - imrie.ertis• or
„
11'611! tile ,o'ii st i r , g7l ,,.„
1 erbnie nece's , niy; tiny : altierriPt .
It) three „ttvrri:`rnrnfs' • t.o deprive our. tiril;h: .
I•oring.i .of,pprjiiimool , . her .fterritnry;
a (Ito y,.lii.itn.which we
.colairMot shrink . %Oh':
nut it tudoiiim~ the traditicMol And coablisliell.
policy of the .."..fin.. , ,tiCarCptioilla.. • i nip . happy;
6i:ilia:viva, that., titinlY . felkint: just-
1; 1 6 ;nod gonil ai there
is no present . i.onif.er that, such 4 (..otittvgepcy
Iconsl4a .:
dipeovcretlll-:at recorn manila. ;
by. C06;;I:iss;
the •Uite.rilat iye wa • to . .ne,complisli, : . in •
sorjui delia'pe, possibly, ihe an mmolija'y by •
treaty 'stipulation-4 wl.th..thO consul fitional
imyornmetif:•- Such:st renting
rokaiith . ..lb.) : • raw late nbie and excellent. -
i4te.r to MexicO, ttmhou rhibith of JaniiarY la t
ivrtrr submitted to the (or ... ratification.
•
these hirye Mot- yet received . thii.; final
kid)... it `-wmtli he liriprOper for
me to.P;rtiserit atatrinent. : of: their
ploy:Fiona.. may lie Permitted *to:::ex
::pre,tithempiniori iii ..aityance that .they are
ralc[ilairit to prodiote tlutCag'riciatlirai;.lnanu'-
jactnrin
atur..cioniciereial interests tlie
coon: y; aniT . to Seem e Mir just inlitterire with
;in iiitlninint rrpublic to 'whose . fortunes
and: te • we. eannot feet inilif eren ; -•%% nt
ihesame,:aiinetheY:provide for- tha .payment
Al a- cotit , 'Oprable.olo . olll;t .tuwardi. the sittiS-
J;tct.ion of ho . .cloims .0 . . our 1.116 w.;•.
M3=I:MII
At • tilt , heaiinl tif'•trty.-itiati,iiration, .1. -wtt
itoittroritt:tlirt rttvo:otio • naty goy-.
eTotottn't; oNtntititz ttOt!or what i 3 ranntl'.ttte
Torka•co ot tint titht: at'o ohject wits'
lo.slitttlot.r.tl.;.tt-trritorial llovrt - rnme•titlty fora';'
'nod to• adopt .iteflat IS v
eininent its :stead. To l . a'eromplibli this
t - tld?t•t an. einti•ve • ta orvociza:if on was
lof rortl;atiii its 'tontrhand• intrust e d to the
moat yittlont: rtt . yolottonary It.tudto 4. 'limier
theSe eitciitosfanc'es.•it'llt4trtie fro finporaliyAt
tinty t.. ox.e't the; whole
.cOnstitotiptial ixtsster
of the Etieciftlvt•' . to prt.'vottt the tlarr'es of it . .iv-
ilwatt (Yore. amtitCra;gio'g Kansas, whic h in
.tie st•tito• of. tho 'public.,nai»d, both
7;lotitt atorolith. - rott:ltt•.l,ave ttx.'...tndt;tl into
ttlit:ttnit;ltttt - iir.t. '••••• ••• • .•,• •• •
, .
.' .5 ;,e hostlle ,lyartiljs in Kiinsas. hal.l
nonpp,f .10:z 419,4 eat..h other it ti.•" Lot')
It.cirn the North ;incl. the Sottrh,..tO. a degree of
.withbot-pOtaileLin bar :hti4tctt
pieyent actual coilidorm, ahtl,assi'..t . :lhe
.in enforcing . the: a
Isirittv4 tietahment of the a rtny ‘va 11111311
ill (+W . :I'M:6IOIn, ready 49 , aid the' ;llto shal
Ir nil : his when,itoolally called , upon,.
c9ntito,./s in t he
. rxecotion 'of . civil
anti Cli nlnll prncts's. , •. • ;.,
St ill +the troubles. in K - ariaSentibl' not :have
been permit; - ebily.setiled.'vOthout.an ete, t
be the•p , ople. Tbe - ballot-b , x a the
iirblier.of i pat en mony; I tee men . Undo. t-'l,
this conviction., every- proper elfoi wee
ployeol't , 6 iltdaev . i .host riariies e. at I.
ibe.eleetioto)l.ilel-29:tifes•tofraple.a state eoh
siitation',-abcl at teriv,iirds 'at - the :election-- to
decide, Whether should Fie a • shiv'exu: a
free - Stati! . . — , patty refused to
.voti-; at either, lest th!s'inbiht be ecinsiderpd
a reeogpition pert. of their territorial I
,i4o . .vernineut
seerbvilsooti to
- t he - two parties - :mi.t +lace io fare
at the.thiiti'eleeiioi,;, ihe fir,t
hf Jaiiiiery. I S. - richar • rnembers of the.,legi , la-
tore - a - oil 'siate;Offietqs:tta:J;•r: Ole Leeo' - ‘bri - oul
exitistltbiio - be iris the I t ol
the, -- 4 11:1 I ty at :411,;;•iin114 - :
orbal!oi box ai . ly; that, !
this - party' • , ,vas .rnii,jot.ity. 1. - e - re:ovli e ;
t.he ,I,llk , f`r of ei , :+ll- mri - i hat Om, 'eve. 1
t ;:a dakuer iil . reVO :
tilatisas i'vas . tl.6ri, at -in
yl'fre . I.oiroinptrni Constitution, whick had .
lo'ren:thirs oreirri_nized aT: thin slit fkeri(lll by
'the Votes of :I.oth politiCal jiarries
W. 19 transmitted to.rne with the twines:C.l d
.1t
I:sfriorrl present it' to Congres;..• Thi'sl,,cottl'd
•n. 2 ;trhave, refused to.do witirordyrobiting'my
clearest' and...stronie.t'cOn vict Of
' I ' LO con , ,titfitiimarril all the proceedirrgs 'which
pietederl. and followed its.•lormation; were'
.Leif' and
,regular on their:face . : I then believed
hint experience has Proved; thrit thb interests.
nl the . :people'ot Kansas Would. have been best
'consulted by its admission into the 'Union, es
pecially as: tlrein'ajority,' Within a brief, peri
od, could have:htnerided 'the constitntion ac
cording to their will and pleasure. if' !rand
existed . in all'-or any of these proceedings,:it
was not for•the President brit for Congress to
.inVestiiinte anti-
. determine
.the huestion of
fraud,.and ortght lobe its 'consequences.
'lf, at the first two elections; 'the - majority re
fintred..to vote,dt cannot. be Pretendedthat thiS
reffitral to exercise the electiee franchise could
i I 1 . 9 ; uli'd4te electiOn "fairly held under lawful
atilhOrity, even it they had . not'subsequehtly
voted at the 'third election,: It is true • thht
.the'whOle-constitution hail not" been submit-.
.1,6d•t0 :the people; as 1 alWays , 'ileeired; but
:tho 'precedents are numerous of the admission
of. States into the, Union without such sub-.
II would trot comport with my prese - nt purl.
pose , to review rdhe
. procbeilipgs of. Congress
upon the Lecbtripton constitution, ..It is suf.'
ficient.tO observe tbht their final' action has
.removed 'the' last vestige of serious revolu
'tionary.trobbles; The desperate bhtnl 4c.-
coldly assembled, under a motoriotis outlaw, in
the'seur hers portion of the theritoo;, to resist
the'eXecittion of the lauds and to plunder' the
pea'ceful I ildubttioybe speedi-.
ly subdubd and brought to justice. • :
mid I treated the. LeCornpton 'constitution
as amullity and refused to transmit it:toCon , ;
gress; it is.not dillietilt to imhgine, whilst re
calling the position of the country at that . mo-,
`:lne.nt, - whitt would have been . the disastrous
onsehhenceti,, both in'hnil'out of the Cerrito-;
ry, ft orb such a derelictiohOrduty on.ibe. part
of the Executive. , • '-• :
Peaco'has also Been .'restored'. within ..the
Territory.et 'Utah,. which at the cciinmence
thent.of my adthinistration, was in a state of
open ..rebellion."l'his was. the •mord.danger.
°Lis>. as the , people animated by. a fatuities'
spirit and entrenched .within' theif'distant
fastriesses,..Might'llave*made 'n long and for
midable• resistaol..e: • Cost what . .it . might, it
was necessary, to biin. ' them intsi-subjection
to the constitution andt.he,laWs , ,
icy;ther - efoie, • as well as humanity, required
that this of khoulds ' if possible, he accom;
plished. - without the effusion of Librd... This ,
could only he ellected'.by.sending rnilitaiy
force into We territory. suAciently
,strong to
convince the people,that. iesistance„watildbe.
hopeless,: and-at the:earne time • oil e r.. thstii. a
P. l r (lo ll . t6r tratrt olrerces'on entillitinit.of.im'frlb'
Arirre 7- Sribmi s s§itin ' tn - tire' .gOverpinent,
rfoliey wns pprsin:ll'.with,enrintnitilltr?sFr.R!r4
the only cause' for l'egrettOire 116Ayy
(Hui re • frtfai red .to large .delachnn .t
mf.the•urtn'yter. that remote region',antl-to, in
..§ ll , l )sis-fericer- Utah' isPOW.. eon:Mara•
peneeMl, and:quiet', 'atin the. mit itary
force Ita'4.'.hiren„.l,vithrtiriwri, ex,Cept:' that
'tint] of it riecessary.. M. - keep the' itnlians in
'the . erriliiirint - trains
Ilie'check mill improteet
wny ip out l ,ccihe pasbessiOns.. : • •
NA Nf ES
Itr.triy' firs t finnan' . itioa'saie
iamrrltry m y • ,t,est
,exert ios' 'in...e.MoPeratifiii-
With Comerfiss i, toreduce the - .expenditeres of
the within the 'limits
ecotiotny. • Am overllowing
sary . itid pt.odureal liabifs•rif prolligallti and
extravagatic'e,'whig.lot•yitld - only. gfadutilly,
cnrrr. red:- • Tire. 'wo red both t iTittft nd
patience'. I,alMlied mysid diligeittlyli to , this.
tai;k from •the, beginning,. .and was•.aitjed
.
the a bk , and energetie eflirr-ts of :the heads of
the,, diff-rent exectit rye': drinfrtments:''
restilt ofOurlabbiS in this good not
appear li the slum total of "(Mr. - expenditures
for-the.first t.tco•year4'.mainly . in c . onsegamicn
of the extraordinary' ,;:cm , MtlitureS necessarily:.
ineurred . jri. the Utah expedition, and : the very
liftge 'amount Of.i he coot inge . nt expenies, of
Congres's durin.g . this period. These: greatly
exceeded the - pay rind mileage of he . meinbers.
For the year-ending
. 30i li"Jone,. 1858, whilst
tlic pay. acid mileage 'atrroittited. to ;$1,490,21d,
the cotttingent exprinsint-OSeto $2,093,309..70,
and rcir the -yetr . .enling 30th Stine', 1859,*
the pay,arat! mileage amounted 41 . 8859,-
-003 03; the cantingent . expetives amounted [sr'
however, to.be
81,131,505 happy,
able to ihiorin yob that - the last flier&
Year ending on the 30th . of-June; 1860, the . to- ,
Le .
ta.te s penilittires of .. the gocerinnent iit.all. its
branches—legiSlative, .i , Xceutlye. and judicial
the . 'Publie deht, weiO reduced
to the, mire of V.1,-102,.163 .16. This cynclu•
siVely .,. appearS troM the . hooks'Of 'the Tretisu- . .
'ln the year 'ending yn.the . , 30th',of Jane;
.ISriS, , the total .txpentliturehisive oCthe'.
public debt, ainounteil t057L001;1.79 .
-that or the year'eni'ing On the '3oth of • lane,
.1859, amounted : r0'580,:110,2r20 13. 'Whilst
the brink's of the T.reastity show aiiaetual
pend Imre of iir.f9,848,47.1 . .7!2.10f the Year , end
ing. on the 30th June, 181.30, ineltiding $1,040,.
607 . 7 i.fi , r the 'contitigent'.expenses:Of . Con- .
• gr'esi; ere Must thtded tiCred from this amount.
rhe.stifmof. 5t,296,06 . 9 thelOtt!res't
upoitit 01'$ ilo,ooo,appropilated by the act.
ot .tst h .Febrnary, the purposetif;
supplying the iletiCiency, in,-the revenues. rind .
defrityingt i.
he , :pemes of: the
, P 4
o-office tie-,
pirttilent-fir' fife •Teitr • Coding, on the 30Ih of
1830.": 'This sum, ther'efoie,..juse
ly charaeahle tc.the year '15'59,
_must be de-.
ilecteciltoni of $.' , .50;8,1•5,.17-I'7-2, in or-'
.der - to . asce, tain, the. c xpenditure . , tot - . tug.. ear
the 30th 'Jane, 1500, which letive,a
'a
balance- for' the expenditures of:thal . year of
The -interestbnii die public :
debt; including • treashry. notes. frit the same,'
year.,,ending on the. 30th.'htne, 186 . 0; .
„i i m m , u red ari 59,17.7;311 62, .which; added-ty.
the afore sum. 0t't!1fi:3,i10 , 3•16,7• 60, makes the.
ager .. C4 yr .$5'.571.),,780.•08. •
lymight tit.jtistii,e to he observed that see-.
errl of thc'esticrulte'n f rom I,p..,letuifttnents-for
the .year ending :.:Oth•June; I§6o, were redu
ced. COngfUss. below weriat was and still is
deenietlehinpatilde with the_ public - interest.?
ing a liberal margin of •'5:?:.t.700 . ,0 . 00 for
this rettuittion and for &mei 11 iPS, it may be'
• solely asserted. t.h.i f the .som of. $81 ; 000,60.0,
or at the ino,t. litt32,000,000„: is amply stifli
'Mem 10 administer'thl , -gov'erninent rind ,to
pay .1 tie,:interest the-polilic debt; unle4s•
croillagent; Vater . ielll,ior.E'X.;
necessary. '
Tltis ce•lt haS•heematt.liii - Cd in a consider-
arable degree ', , h'y.the car,' (;:Terci4p,l
, by the
tiptop , lute merits . 111 into
3 itii:Ve Myself nit:vet...interfered
ith M , awcaed of .atV Snell
,rontract,;.e'xc'ept
• in aq,iif!lt, ht he'Colhillzation Society,.
(I , Yrnill'_ it the %%•hole
•-stbitity cacti' case on 'the pi-o,per.bead.o the
tit : pa ri m..nt,, with 'tbe general instructionthat
• Iltc- ,., t-cot,tiacts slierild always: be giCemto.the
• fc , st. , l awl best bidder; It has ever heetf my
,Opinion ;hat public coat trims are Corfegiti'matre
sources of piiiiii,epatrniiii4ri to
persinin orpotitiriti . fexoriOs; but
all "siieh cases a .p;iblie tiffiee.r is lhiu . nd to art
• for 'the . ..government ,asiiprodent, individual
Would fret for himse:lf. •
Ti 1. , ivith great matkfaction-Leommunicate the
•fact, that, .since-the'date - ofiny Mut anntial ,Dies-'
i:tge, not a sin-gin :dare lets' been hirported into.
the. t'ai'led States in violation 6f the' limit priith
iting.the African tilaVe trade.. This statement-is
lett tided upon a thorough examination and invepi- -
igat nF.!ho subject.' Indeed, the spirit.which
prevailed 'itime time' sincv'timong ii Mirtion'of,
ourfellow-citizehs- in' favor of this:trade, iCbil.l3*
to have...entirely - uuhuidett. •
. . .
' ithoi congratulate you upon 'the, nubile senti-..
exilaamgainst the crime set
ting on foot Military expeditlinni Within thn-Jim,
its of the United Stateit, 'to' prOeced froni theficn
and . maim' 'war upon ' the people ' of Mi:Mending'
states with tvluint we. are at peach: . In this re
.
.tipect happy change l i ne been effected nince.the
commencement of lily ndthiniutration..' It surely
ought' to , he-the prayer of every Chriitinn.and
•
.patriettliat: such. expeditions., may never again
.receive ,countenance in our - country or, depart
from our
t wonld he a tiseless repetition to do mom thati
refer .with earnest commendation, to my former
, recommeinlitigns in favor of thel'acific Railroad , .
—of the grant of power to the President to em- -
ploy the naval force in the vicinity, forth pro
tection of the lives and property of our fellow: ,,
citizens nassing in transit.over the different Cen-'
tail American -routes itgainSt sudden and laNiless ,
outbreaks.aud depredations; anti nlso ter protect,'
A Meriertir merchant vessels; their, crews and car
goes' against violent and unlaWful seizure eta
confiscation . in thoports of ldexico and the South.
American Reptiblics when these may be in
tubbed and revolutionary condition. It is sny
settled conviction, that without such a lipWer We
llo•net afford that protection to those engaged.,
in the, be:mere° of the' country which, they key*,
a right:to demand.
ELECTION OF 3IEMBEFfi OF CONOBEFS.:
.
agaidrocomtnend to Congress the passage of.
.a law in pursuance of the provisions orthe Con
stitution,• appointing 'a dayecrtitin,.preVions,tia
the 4th of March, in each your o an odd number,
for the eleCtion of representatives throughout all
-the states: A. similar power haS already been ex
erciSed, with, a general approbation . in the ap..
'pointinene ofthe seine day throughout the Union •
for' •the electien y. of 'electors for
Presidentaud Vice-Presidentof the United States.
My attention was earnestly directed tojhis sub •
feet fibin'the 'that the'lhirty•llth..Congress
, terinthated .on the :.(1 of Mareli, 1859; iiitlitiut
malting the necossnry.appropriation for the .ser
vice of lhe.Post Officel)epartnient:- 'Was thew
forced te.bonsideir.the hest remedy far this Oniii-• •
end an immediate Sall' for the prei3ent:Con.-
was-thenatural resort. - Upon Inquiry how-'r
et er, I ascertained thet , fifteen Out .or the:thirty-.:`
three .states :composing, the..ebnibdetaey were.
Without representatives, and that :consentiontly:
those fifteen States Would. be' disfranchised h 7
stich a call.' -These same fifteen states will be' in
the Same condition on the 6th of March 'next.'—:
Ten. of them cannot elect repreSeritatlime;:aeW
. ding to s?cisting state laws, tintil . different, 'pc*
ode,, extending from the beginning of A„orr
next Until the.month of October end Nevem .
'-In my hist message gave • warning that, ,*