1111;li) . B. fi TRACY..
N%?!..
SMI
.
I . l'a!)11.11m1 Every Thursday,
k P TOWAVDA. PA.; RY
HoLaJgB & TRA'Cys
$1.50 Per .itinuns, in Advance
•
: I,lrert is hog '4lFates-;•S• x cents_ a line for first
311 i tivi) cents per .line for all srib.e
ot. 7:t ris , rttlne [Leading notice advertiving
per lino. Eight lines conatitatit a
'an.4 twelve lines an inch. Amiltorli
,t, $2.:01. Administrator's 'ind
$ . 2. 0 . 1 Yearly Overtising $1:;0.00 per
TUE RI:PUBLICAN is published in the Itacy.
a'ud Nobles Meek. at the corner of Main
Pi:le:strfs•ts, over J. F. Comer's Bildt and
store • Its circulation Os over 239. As an
ti:urtising medium it is Upescelled in its tin
1:10:414te fie/ • 4._
:1 , :n::: Business Direciary
A r TOR.% S-AT-.LAW
't I. E El. 1 N.. 1) Mak) V: RN. (E. J . .. Clereland
tirm . .ll , 4o.rern).` Canton. Bradfod County
j'a. All . 11m , iites encrusted to their carib • in
NV,,t , ril 117 i recrii , o prompt attention..
...ti r :•1y
Attorneys-at-La*;
:,:
"vvr CO
(1 1. I 4. N,. Wilco ins.. Wood's Block,' eolith
t .3t I.mal liankOW,l.tairs. Juno 12;o1
S' iN C kfibree and° L Elsbree.;
'dercur Block. Park St , may:14.78
, • -
—.7, • • ',V Ear Beni Peek and if Owl*
C . • •;) 111 , ••• "ver ilill's NTarket
oflice over Dayton'' Stor
sprit 14,76
wr N.
0.41.7. W. Office in Sleep's. Block
V apr 14,16
%. e ARS' 'CHAS k HALL, ( W 2' Davies
iJ W i.nr.l:7 an. L Hart.) ..Oftice In rest
. :uti•ance on Poplar St. (je1.2,75
Air , ONEY 1. Solicitor of Patents.
:J. , . pa ,httar att,ntion paid to business in
C.Atirt mad to the settlement of estates.
:1 , 1. it %( , , ntanye's Block 49-79
vlitil64l)N• k.:.VOITN(.I. (I. M . i;Phe,4o,n and
\\•• , )flice south side of Nlerc,nr's
Iti .ck. fet?l,77m
&SGLE k BUFFINGTON:. (il
VV E J Angle and E D Buffington).
w , :st gide qf Main street, two doors north
of. rmq 011 ic e -; Ali business en trusted to their
can. Will ree. ive prompt attention. pct 26,77
T mEs AND JOHN W. CODDING, Attor
..). aulk enusellora-at-Law. Office In the
NI. :cur ISlnek. ever C.-T.- Kirby's Drag Store.
july3 NO tf.
K ;
LENI:V. J. P. Attorne)..at.Lave.. ()face in
11. , Laany4's BIM:, Main Street.
Nil
DM
p!! W. II and' E. A.. Attorneys-at
:roc. Towanda. Pa. vtilce In Mercur Block,
C. T. iiirby's Drug Store, eutraOce.on Main
stairway north of Post-office.. AU
promptly attended to. Special, &Item.
mv• n to Mantis against the United States
'Bounties. Patents. etc, and to
.•, eCt i4.21r4 and settlethent ofdecedent's estates.
!y .
II El, NAY - B. MICE AN,
ATIOU.SEIT-AT-LAA
of Patents. Government claims at•
° ' [ltifebl42
rSICANS AND SURGEONS
face D. C
J •?.• N•
co.rters . a Drug Store. O . over
fob r 12,7 H. 8
DrA. t,. S. &P. G. Office at Dwelling
I u River Street, cprner Weston St. feb 12,77
c. A.. 1I t,. oak, let door above old
bank building. on Main street. Special at,
riven to diaaaacs of the throat and
ju1y19,78
liT• itS. S. M., M.D. Office and , rest
l.-nce. Main street. north or M.E.Dbureh.
Nr.•l, al Er.amtuer for Pension .Dr •".ittment.
r)b 22 75
pID:F., E. D.. M.D. Office Pine St...)pitosite
Jolt. Office . hours from 10 to 14 it:St. and
'r ,, t 2 to 4 p. Y. Special attention given to
u:h...lscs.or the Eye, and Diseases of the Ear.
oct 20.77
TowNER, H L., M.D..
ItoNI , EOPATHIC PHYRICIAN k 817114f011.
ti,4i , lttliet, and office just north of Dr. Corbon , s
%lath Atreet., Athens. P.
HOTELS
ENIZY HOUSE Main st.. next corner south
H
1 Bridge street. New house ant i . 'new
f.lnitdre throughout. The proprietor - has
neither pains or expense in tusking his
Bret-class and respectfully solicits a quire
): .011:11c oatrcinage. Meals at all,hours.. Terms
r Large Stable attached.
, t 77 • WM. HENRY.
SECRET SOCIETIES
'cXTATKINS POST, O. GS, G. A'. R. Manta
v very Saturday evening. at Military Hall.
GEO.V. MYER, Commander.
1; iiirrarnun, Adjutant. feti . 7, 79
rII,I*SFAL LODGE, NO. Meets atz E. of P.
sa Hall every Monday eveaing at • :30. In
rAllc.• 82.000.. Benefits 43.00 per week. Aver
-12- ant- oil cost, 5 years experience, 511.
JESSEMYERS, Reporter,
t
L. Dictator. feb 22.78
(tA DFoltii MIDGE N 0.167.1. 0. 0. F. Meet
'"r. idd Fellow a Mill. every Monday evening
tt 7 ~.. `l, ) e k. WAII.EX ,, HILL, Noble Grand.
•
Int- . 12.75
1101:SE AND SIGN PAINTING
110 . )s r. F. F.l No 32, SecOnd, street All orders
receive prompt sttfution. June 12,75
EDUCATIONAL
St . " , QI'EFI ANNA COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE.
rhe' tiPttING TEII3I will begin! Monday,
APril 3. For catalogue or other infor
c.r.t,on, sad reas or cal/ on the Principal! •
EDWIN E. QUINLAN,'A. M.
Towanda. Pa.
'l2. I 1,-.
PLUMBER A:ND GAS FITTER.
7,711..L1AN15, EDWARD. 'Practical 'plumber
WV and Gas Fitter. Place Of business in Mar.;
Illook next door to Journal office opposite
Public gquare. Plumbing, Gas Fitting, Repair
a.• Pumps of all kinds, and all kinds of Gearing
, nzptly attended to., All wanting work In his
muould give him a call. July 27,77
12VSCRANCEd
D 5•1.1.1.. O 8, General Insurance Agency,
. T ,, wanda, Pa. Office lnlteorate.s Book
July 12,76
And had One of Hie►
45 CENT DINNERS
144)4 '-rmp
•
fiRNAMENTA-L JOB PRINTING
`J. specialty at the Ittrusuc.ut office.
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~'
fliscCaneocts Advertisements'
NEW FIRM - 1' lIEW STORE
NEW GOODS I
Ed. ouilkseaui.,
(Formerly with Mindelonn.)
HAS OM" A
OF put owl.; •
P A T. - "1 1 0,14r8 BLOaK.
With SWarts di Gorden's Store,
gain Street, TowandO,,pii:,
- Where be keeps a FULL ASSORTMENT u►
Gold & Silvec
,Watchts
- SWISS ANDAI4ERICAIs i I; ; ,
CLOCKS, JEWELRY,
•
• , SPECTACLES, ETC.'
Er Ulu Stock Is all NEW and of the , F:INEST
QUALITY. (WI and see for yourself.
REPAIRING DONE PROMPTLY.
4ecifi. , ENGRAVING A BPeGIALTY.
Tiloy, TA._ -
We keep oa hand constantly for builders.
LIME, HAIR, BRICK, LATH,
SHINGLES, SASH, DOORS,
BLINDS,. SHEETING PAPER, ,
tAINTS, OILS, VARNISHES,
r. • CFrESPEAK
uso it
VI: AMON 'MAKER'S SUPPLIES
,!'ellows; Spokes, Hubbs,
Carriage Trimmings.
Also a fufi line of Shelf and Heavy Ilardwa•e, and
a full fine of
Carriages, Platform and Lumber Wagons
Slade by tut w , th skilled workmert, and warranted
in every particular.
Troy, April 27-17
B LANK BOOK MANUFACTURER
BOOK;BINDER,
I. PAPER RULER.: &c
Alfred J. Purvis,
TOW.INDA, PA
AU work in his line done well and promptly at
lowest price.
Perth?* having volumes incomplete will be fur
nished with any missing numbers at cost price.
All orders given to J. J. Scanlan, Agent for
Bradford County. will be promptly executed ac
cording to directions. sep9.tf
M. HENDELMAN
JEWELLER,
le etlll to be koand at the OLD STAiD
STREET,
Next door to Dr. II C. 'Ariel- 's Drift/ Store
'FINE /‘MERION SWISS
r
•
WATCHES,
JEWELRY,
STERLING SILVER tAND
SPECTACLES & EYE , GLASSES,
• .;*4
CLOCKS
•
. :.
FH9II, THE CHEAPEST EST.
'1
TO - TH EB ' •
air ALL OPWIIICEI WILL BE 'SOLD AT THE
V BY LOWEST PRICES, •
Cloaca. Watches and Jewelry promptly repaired'
by an expetieneed and competent workman, ,:
- A 1
■eptl6-tf
i WARRANTED WARRANTED .
• •
The beet and eheap-'to Hite satistaelloa or
est Cough Cure used. money refunded.-
Price .:s'and 50 cents.
This positive Cough Cure,
is placed at '.'the moderate
prine of 25 cents, within.the
mu reach of &Dehisce; .and is
guaranteed to produce the
desired result, where suffi
ciently thorough trial is
given it, to prove its intrin- •
Mc merit. i For Coughs.
;olds, and all diseases of
the throat, Lungs, and bron
:butt tubes, it Is unparalell
id—effecting cures where all
....bar remedies have .failed
Physicians are constantly
ordering consumptive pa-
tients to the Pine Moods;
we have succeeded in bring—,
lug all thit virtues and Vital
A
principles of the "Merles , :
II to the invalid at' home—ac.
what many have long ,tried to do.
_ .ononstrated the perfect solubility. of
tar, and thereby Its ready absorption into the
system—by • much more rapid . and general
power than merely inhaling the ale of the Pinar.
Yes.,This refined tar, with other valuable vege
tabli,..comppunds p r oduces Minntisow's Poos
MOM Cows Cunn, which give. the pleasing re
siiit-bf a sure cure at, a small price. It Is per
fectly safe to be taken, as the case may require—
small and frequent doses, being most effectual
in allaying the existent irritability. SOLu BY
ALL DEtLERS. t •
Try Dr. &wrens Improved- Mandrake Pills.
They are made pleasant and effective. Price 25
cents. Sold by all dealers
yA. N. NELSON
'l4
DEALER fl A.•
inp WATCHES,
16C
cLocKs.
FINE GOLIY. VT' _PLATED
v , ' JEWELER
of evertvatiotp.imad Spectacles. tor Pullets!
&tuition paid to repairing. Slum in Docker
Vonnht'a Grocery Store. .In Strut. Towanda,
Penns. 5111194
BEARDSLEY SPALDING,'
Hardware Dealers. .
AND
~. r 4
\`
No 131 Gettessee street,
UTICA. N. Y
111
HA FULL LINE OF
FINE PLATED WARE,
M. HENDELMAN
ad . -
ew• ildvertissments.
SEEK
health and avoid sickness.
_ instead of feeling tired and
worn out, instead of aches
and pains, wouldn't you
rather feel fresh and strong?
, .
[ You can continue feeling
/ miserable and good for no
/ thing, and no one but your
/ self can fwd ClUlt, but if you
! are tired of that kind oflife,
you can change it if ;you
choose.
How ? By getting \ one
• bottle of BROWN' IRON Brr,
'MRS, and taking it regularly
according to directions.
lanifielcl, Ohio, Nov. a6,1188{.
Cent :—I bays suffered with
• pans is my side and back,and great
soreness Mt mr breast, with shoot
ng through my body. as
with arms weakiims, clever
;skit of ;spirits and loss of appe.
•
tire. I have taken imperil different
. enedicines,andwas treated by prcim.
inept physicians for my liver, kid.
nays and spken, but I got no relief.
I tho u ght I irouit try Brown's Iron
Bitters I have now taken one bottle
'and a half and Am about wel l
in side and back all gone—soreness
an out of my brims, and I have a
good apatite; and am pining in
• and flesh. It ean justly be
War the 4:ists7qj
Jo
l ast S. Azumms.
, BRONX'S IRON BITTERS is
t
compOsed of Iron in soluble -
form ; Cinchona threat
tonic, tagether with other
standard remedies, making,
a remarkable non-alcoholic
'tonic, which will cure Dys
pepsia, Indigestion, Malaria,V
Weakness, and relieve all
Lung and Kidney diseases.
Nothing Short of Unmistakable
`•••. Bene fi ts
Conferred upon tens of thousands of
sufferers could originate maintain
the reputation which Ana's SARSA•
PAntt.t.e 'enjoys. It is a compound of
the best vegetable alteratives, with the
lodides of Potassium and Iron, =all •
powerthl, blood-making, blood-cleansinC
and Bre-sustaining—and is the most'
ettectubl of all remedies for. scroll!.
loUs, rdercurial , or blood disorders,
Uniformly successfttl and certain, it
produces rapid and complete cures of
.SciolbLi, Sores, Boils, Humors, Pim
ples, Eniptions, Skin. Diseases and all
:dig:orders arising from impurity of. the
blood. By its invigorating effects it
alwairs relieves and often cures Liver
Complaints, Female Weaknessei and
Irregularities, .and is a potent renewer
of waning.Vtality. For purifying the
blood it , has no equal. It tones up the
system, restores and presdrves the
health, and imparts vigor and energy.
For forty years it has been in extensive_
use; and Is to-day the most available
medicine for the suffering. sick.
Foi' sale by all druggists. •
hop llst!iis -are the Purest end Best Bit-
ME
errs firer Made.
~They are compounded from Hops, Malt,
Buchu ' Mandrake and Dandelion, - the old
est, best, . and most valuable • me dicines in
the world and contain all the.best and most
curative properties of all other remedies,
being. the greatest Blood Purifier,Liver
Regulator, and Life and Health Rstoring
Agent on earth. No disease or ill health
can possibly long exist where these Bitteis
are used, so varied and perfect are their
operations. • •
They, give new life and vigor to the aged
and infirm. To all whose employments
cause irregularity of the-. Bowles or urinary
organs,; or who require an Apetizer, Tonic
and mild Stimulant, Hop Bitters .are in
valuable, being highly curative, - Millie and
stimulating, without intoxicating - .
No matter what your' feelings or symp
toms are, what the disease or ailment is, use
Hop Bitters. Don't wait until you are sick,
but if you only feel bad or - miserable, use
Hop Bitters at once. It may save your life.
Hundred's have been saved by, so doing.
ow will be paid for a case they will l'.not
cure or help.
Do not suffer ar let your friends suffer,
but use urge Them to use Hop Bitters.
Remember; Holil3itters is no vile, drugg
ed, drunken ndstrum; , but the Pu rest and
Best Medicine Oer made; the . "Invalid's
Friend and Hope,n and no person or family
should' be without them. Try. the Bitters
to-day. . • - • . Oct26ly.
Various Causes—
Advanbing . years, care, sickness. diSap•
pointment, and hereditary predisposi
tion—all operate to turn the hair gray.
and either of them inclines it to shed . .
prematurely. AYER'S HAIR VIGOR WM
restore faded or gray, light or red hair
to a rich brown or deep black, as may
t* desired. It softens and cleanses the
scalp,. giving it a healthy action. It
removes and cures dandruff and humors.
:y its use falling hair - is checked, and
a.new growth will- be l,produced in all
cases where - the follicles rite, not de•
stroyed or the glands decayed. Its
effects are beautifully shown on brashy,
weak, or sickly hair, on which a for
applications will produce the gloss and
freShness of yonth. Harmless and sure
in its results, it is incomparably as
a dressing, and Is especially valued
for the soft lustre and richness of tone
it imparts.
AYER'B HAIR Mos is • colorless;
contains neither oil nor dye; and will
not soil or color white cambric , yet
it lasts long on the hair s and keeps
It fresh and vigorons, imparting au
agreeable perliime., • -
For sale by all drugwists.
Minted
AGENTS! AGENTS! AGENTS!
For GEN. DODGE'S bran' new book, entitled
Thirty-. Three , •
- ,Years Among
OUR WILD INDIANS !
true *od 'of -the:MiersalliftennorgarsPersomal
Erpriitacc anew. air tedians.-Mr/thaii able Introductlaa
_
By Gen. erman.
Tbis.new work Was of ones subscribed for by Presided
AZTUVI wed engine aillefird, and by Gm. Skairtars, Gen.
Grant, Get. Aereiden..qm Maas* and thomaadrof Zoo.
Meat Men. Gee; Gaiter says:--•MI is tie ted book as
/alias L 4,01 ever wre:reewt . ;. Bssnoi Wrurr (Methodist)
ars r--. 91 is a book qt immune Wm. - It is the oar. suthen.
tie amount of oar Indians crerpubl ahed. fully frtell
log their .inner lifer secret ,doings. exploits. etc. It Ii
replete With Main me:lenses of the *Mhos. and off..
maxi &WI% Trappers, Cowboys; Itimcm. Border Raises.
'etc.. riri4iy port: eying Life to the Greet West is It was is.
U 4 timaned is prem With Steel IlinDseings and Superb
Cluomo-Lithograph Plates In IS colony from photographs
male by the 17. Goverrunent =mai" for die great work.
- AGEWTBI This grand book G. now oubeeMng sli
cabers IS to 1. No competition. Agents ammo 18 to
mien a day. We wont 1000 more 'gems at cad, Rs-
Verritorp gad SPeeial' Tom* pima: Our large then.
Lai with full particulars amt fres. • fine Spectram Plate
sent as additive far a 1 Mat stamp. Addral the sole pub's.
A. D. WORTHINGTON* Co.oltwerosp..Corris. •
,
- TOWANDA. BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., 1 1 1 H,U I MSDAY,- JANUARY 11, 1883.
~`~
SELECT POETRY.
SUNBEAMS.
..There was never a sunbeam golden
That tell on a desolate place '
But left some trace of its presence -
That time could never efface.
•
•
A song, be It ever so hallowed,
Or freighted with memories dear, • .
May slumber in silenco forgotten
Through many and many a year.
- Yet a rirord or a tone might awaken
Its slumbering beauty anew, •
Long after the street-voiced singer
Had faded from earthly view.
There was never a heart so hardened
Or tainted with sin and despair, 4
But the love of the dear Redeemer I
Blight find an abiding place there.
•
Yet countless thousands'are yearning
For sympathy, kindndes and love'
- And souls in darkness are dying
Withixit one gleam Lova above. .
There was never a sunbeam wasted,
Or keong that was sung in vain,
And souls that stern lost and dYlpif
• Christ's mercy nay yet, reClaitn. -
Then scatter the sunbeams of. kindneis,
. Though your deeds ray-never be known;
The harvest mall ripen In glory , .
' It the seeds be faith.Nureorin, ' •
And life with a sweet ri !dediction
Wlll l fade Into endless tidy •
Like the golden hues ot the Ambit=
That fade in the twilight gray.
-4obn,C. Blair, In the Trey Rally Times.
~._MISCELLANEOUS.
THE MOUNTAIN CABIN.
" Only three days, now; 'to Christmas,"
initcl Mary Pruyn, joyfully; "to Merry
Christmas. , Ah , .it seems as ,if I could
seagely wait."
The "click-click" of the machines was
keeping up a noise like the descent of a
gigantic hailstorm along flip narrow aisles
of the factory, the steam-bells that suppliid
the motive,power were . whirling swiftly, and
the operaiorSlnknged in a row, sat guiding
the long stripe of cloth under, the , glittering
needles.
Outside, the December cky was already,
darkenink,for the storm.clonded sunset, and
the pines - and cedars that .fringed the mann
taio-side were tossing •their arms wildly in
ho wind.-
Ruth wri's machine was next West
of Mary Pruyn. She glanced up at' the
words,
"Merry Christmas—is it, then, so merry
to you?" she.repeated. with a slight while.
"Oh, I forgot ; you have a home !"
"Up in Vermont;" nodded Mary, "All
our people are Coming back to the old home
stead to spend Christmas. We are to have
a tree, just 'as if we were little children, .and
grandpa is to hang a present for each. one
on its branches. And we're to have a straw
ride over the hills, and a dance: Oh, it will
be such fun. But, Rath, why don't you go
home ''for Christmas?" she questioned,
tagerly.
"I have no home," said Ruth, shrugging
her shoulders, "except at Mrs. Lifferts'."
"Christm.as at a boarding-house I" said
Mary,. with arched - eyebows. "Ob, that
wouldn't be pleasant at all." '
Just then the foreman mine striding past.
" We're going to turn off steam, directly,"
said he. "It don't fairly pay 'to light up
the place at night, and our hands like to get
hothe before dark." •.1 . • •
Whieh was natural.enongb, for .Benfleld
Mountain was a wild and desolate place in
these chill winter twilights, and some of the
girls lived several miles away, and presently
the sixty or seventy handi * were dispersing
in all directioni, some laughing and pelting
each other with „snoWhslls ; some striving
against the keen 'northwest wind ; some
clustered in little knots—others all alone.
Among these last was Ruth Thaw, 'and
as she descended the steep mountain-path,
where the cranberry-swamp below, crusted
over, with a thin rim of ice, reflected the red
tints of the stormy sunset, and the monster
pines rustled mysteriously in the wind, she
repeated to herself:
"Merry Christmas ! It it-,•' merry 'to
every one but me. Why should I be shut
out from the general rejoicing : of the.worblP
And I will not be ! make a Me:7y Chriit
mai for myself.- I'll go to old Mrs. Cappers,
the loneliest and most forsaken creature, es
-044 myself, that I know of, and We'll spend
our Christmas tegether.z, Perhaps some hu
man kindness and companionship may cheer
her up a little. lam quite sure that it will
do me good, and keep me from fossilizing
into a mere lump of selfishness."
Both Harper went hcnne and counted up
her slender stock, of money—not very much,
we may be sure—and in her own mind she
appOrtioned it to various kindly uses.
She had been alone all hi:r life, this dark
eyed, Spanish-complexioned factory-girL
Her earliest associations had-been the high,
bleak walls and blue-checked Uniform of an
.orphan . asylum. •
From the very beginning, life had been ir
struggle with her. There was one time—
when she kept the district school at the foot
of the mountains, before the factory wheels
had begun to buzz, and the spirit of com
mercial enterprise had entered into their
lonesome glen—when she had fancied. that
John Cappel, the handsome, restless grand.
son of this very friendless old dame with
whom she proposed to spend her solitary
Christmas, cared a little for her. And then
life seemed, to assns a !pore roseate hue,
and all the world was different, for a while.
• But John Cappel went away and never
told her that ne loved her. He was comini
back when he bad made his fortune, he . said
with that sanguine airiness', which belongs k
one-and-twenty. , ' ,
But he bad never come,`and Ruth Harper
bad put all that part of her life away • int(
the dark chambers of the past, trying to
think of it as seldom as possible.. -1
" What is the use ?" she said to herself,
dly
sa. , •
She went to the village the neat day, after
wart hours, and bought her little five-pound
turkey, and peck of rots apples, and quirt oI
glossy cranberries. And she stood before
the baker's - window for some time, thought
fully considering', which. of the Christmas
cakes she should buy, finally sledding on
one fiosted over with sugar libel. and stack
with scarlet betties.
"A dollar is a goOd deal to pay for a
cake," she pondered, with true New . Eng • •
land thrift; "but, ihin, Christmas comes
but once hyear, and Grandma Cappel used
to be fond of cake."
Mrs. Med i the boarding-house keeper,
was there, pinching bony turkeys tindei the
wings, pricing forlOrn-looking geese, bar
gaining for damaged apples, and wangling
Over wilted bunches of celery. She looked
keenly at Ms Harper.
"Eh?" said she. "'Fraid I won't give
ye enough to eat? %yin' fruit and cakes.
for 'ourself
"No," gai t Ru th , q" 6111 going
to spen Chnstinan with s friend."
• We don't make ,no deduction for E
single day off," said Mn. Lifted, abitply.
„ Neither do I expect it of you," mit;
Ruth, biting her lip.
And the boarding-bone . keeper went
chuolding on her-way. '
Mn. Ol d capiel sat, in alone, in th
OF nira l PEOPLE` BY THE PEOPLE, AND FOE THE PEOPLE."
wry litter Pnthelfbigti IT on 0*
otountain4ide.. The wind 'waa trout
east—a quarter that never weal with bat
rheumatim—and the mouldered, and
her oatinaalliorridge bad Wen sombed by
tho Widow Petting, who„eame in, by tits
nd itarts, to "do " for her.
."It ain't no Ise," said Mo. Cappel. "I
ain't decently comfortable, living this way.
And Betsey Perkins has forget to bring ,in
the armful of wood; and the, teapot is put
up on the high shelf, Whets I can't reach it;
aria-- - mess me rwhiet that a-tappiiii at
the door? Ponta in, Idioms you be! I,t‘Thy,
if it ain't Ruth Harper!"
_:'' .
"Yes," said Utak brightly, as she canee
in and set 'down her nnatitarious baskets,
packager and parade, oriti Santa Gans,
Mrs. Cappel ; .and Pl've 4 come to - &peed
Christnnts with you. . We Otre both alone in
the worid—widow and 44'iinsild. ,Do ion
think that we Can do betttliiban to eat . our.
Christmas turkey
tog:
.
14 'rm.mortalgl A tto l' mid , the o
ld
uur, hei leottlek
'jails )working With
Satisfaction. '"And MI si fine, fat bird, if
it ain't so extra large . ' 'Cianber4, too !--„
and a loaf o' oompinty cake! I ' - tlealarsrto
goodness I don't know when rye tagridiai t
before! And I smell reel Gunpowder 41146
and, as I live, there's a piper
. of block so::
gar! But Oafs, my de&r, it you'd put fit
logou the ' iire,,, I she 'I ^fedi quite so
:hill and creepy along tn poor old ._
_ _bo.nial"
rata
And Ruth,lllarper built p the fire;brnabed
the hearth, and went but into the !aids for
branches of Cedar, and spruce, and hemlock,
which she disposed over th e shrtmken door
ways, land above the man e, and around the
windoW.casiega, until thei dreary little room
looked like a! forest bower in a Transforms
tionScene. '
She put obit the little piskin of c:ninbendes
to stew, and busied herself in preparing the
turkey, wit h plenty of •thyme and bread.
numb staling, for the oven, while old Mrs
CappetiltepCtip a, ceaseless stream of talk.
Row badly the world in general had used
her hew careleis the °Widow Perkins war
of her wantsl, although the town allowed her
a dollar a month for "keeping an eye" on
the solitary inhabitant of the mountain wit:
loge; how her nephew Isaac, to whom she
had caused the Widow Perkins to write, vol.
anteering a I Christmas visit, had speedily
sent back word that every guestLchamber in
the house was occniiled, and that her visit
would be highly inopportune; sand how Bill
Risley's wife, her cousin Once removed, bad
taken no sort of notice - of l the letter which
had been disliuttched ;bilker, asking for !We
dollars to buy a newwinter shawl.
- "Nobody cares, , nothing about me no
inore," said kirs. .Cappel,,sorrowfsdly. .
"But I care," SO
„Ruth, softly.- Here,
indeed, was some one torlornar and more
solitary than herself—some one for whom'
she, powerless as she was, could help
,to
make a Merry Clnistmay ! ."It is as (Sul_
to me to go beak and forth to the factor
from hero as - from Mrs. Liffert'st. I wilt
come and stay with you, Mrs. CappeL And
I have a very nice grey shawl which I do not
often wear. Iliin do very well with my
fur-edged sacqite, if you will take the alut‘il.
And you don't know what a good cook I can
be. May tcome, Mrs. Cappe,.l?"
"My dear," said the old woman, with.
tears in her leased eyes, "I do believe the
Lord Almighty has sent you to me !:war:
just beginnin' to despair, but-'now id's all
•
right again. ,‘
Christmas "
came, all wrapped and mantled
in pearly snow ; the mountain ridges were
softened into shining alabaster, the sombre
pine thickets were thatched pith fringes of
swansdown, and Mrs. Cappers lonely cabin
was all glowing with firelight and *earth,
while she herself, in a clean cap, trimmed
with black ribbons,- sat basking before the
Mating loge, and Ruth Harper, with a btmch,
of eaglet bittersweet-berries pinned into her
black hair, was dishing up the Christmas din
ner, when she glanced out of, the window,
d gave a little start.
-
"Some one is coming!" she said, quickly;
,t Mrs. Cappel stretched her neck to see'.
" Well, I declare !" said , she. " My , old .
eyes isn't as good is they used to be;',l94,
the sun on the snow makes a dreadful glare,
but I do believe thit's our John !• Haiti come
bock from the West 1 He's made -his for
tune! Our John, • - inY son Martin's only
boy, as we all s'pri was dead and buried
long ago.!"
She began to tremble all .over; her eyes
filled With tears.
.
" Don't. leave me, oath!" she faltered.
"Beep hold of 'my hand. For I'm very old,
and all this seems life a dream I"
_ In another minute John Cappel dashed
into the room, his heavy boots sodden with
melting snow, bis brown, bearded face
flushed with the exercise of climbing the
monntain.side.
"Don't be frightAned li granny !" said he.
cheerily; "it's only znc I , And I've ,fancied
how this bright fireside would look all the
way up, the , mountain. .3"Vhy," glancing
around him," this is Christmas cheer, in
deed! And here is Ruth Harper with you,
looking exactly as she looked., ten years
ago r • •
'"Have 'you made your fortune ` ?" std
Ruth, trying to smile as he wrung her hand.
," Not a bit of it!" said Ji s tui, with a great,
breezy laugh; "Bat I ' ve mo into a little
heritage of common sense.' - I've decided to
leave off mining and prospecting, and to
come ; hcime to work Granny Coppers farm
amo4 the mulleins and hardback of the
mountain pastures. How say you, Bath—is
it wise or not?".
"Very ,wise," said !nth; "Only ill it
not rather kite to arrive 4 at such a conclu
i •
skin ?" ' •
"Isit ?" said Cappel, Wistfully. " it
too late to start the world anew? „Too late
to ask :yeti; Rtith,. if yotl will stand, shoulder
to shoulder, with me in my battle with fate?
Look into my eyes, Muth, and antiwerime."l
"Blaney is ready," ittifl the fatorY girl,
shyly. • C.
"But you must give me my reply first,"
insisted Cappel, relentlessly, holding both
her hands in his.
. "What shall j -tell him, grandma! said
Rath, laughing and coloring, yet making no
attempt to withdraw her hand.
"Tell him yes," said Mrs. CappeL
And what could Ruth do but obey this
double behest ?
Ruth Harper did not go back to the Ben
field Factoiy. She was homeless a° longer.
They bailttan addition to the little cottage.
and began life as farmer and tamers wife.
And all things mspered with them. A Biles
quarry aras started in , the rocky ribs of the
mountain, a railway strode, with seven•
leagued boots of iron, across the south endoi
the farm, and in ten'yeisea John Cappel was
a rich man.'
"It wasall my, good luck getting such a.
wife l" said he ex ultantly.
"It was all our good luck in becoming
engaged on Christmas Day," said Ruth. •
And of all the holidays that stud the year,
is diamonds flash along the golden band of
s tracelet, Christmas Day is, with the Cap
pel family, the i brightest and the best—He/-
en Forrest Graves. -
A thccunan's Wrcntioose
Doc county min is in Berrien county can.
raining tor' the' nest election.. The funny
part of it is that he Is a cluniiiiste ler Coun.
ty Surveyor of Dooly county and is hunting
for votes in 'Bevrien.—Aovericus Recorder.
THE RELJOIOH OF THE, DARKET.
Camp Meeting Setae In ibe , Smith.
Wilehts of Emmy and Hemp of Viliinpb.
' When in midsummer, to - use a &ail*
expression on Southern planhitions, tha
asp * laid by " and the " big"theetins" as
in full blast, the COlored brethren leave oil
work lor the full exercise of their
and ad enthisiastic are their temperaments
that this worship'might be ailed fanatic**.
No one ain iiiiqierly understand their queer
and superstitions ideal of religion, until he
has witnessed the proCeedings era countiy
camp meeting.' - Lasksrunmer, while Apend.
Ing a season in the country, I attended ,reg
nlarly -an unusually interesting '
revival.
Tap darkies poured in tram the surrounding
country in multitudes to the camp ground,
which was located around a country church
convenient to a bold' spring, and to the
church „licrase was attached 'a bush arbor
shading half an acre.'• Under this temporary
tabernacle were ",congregated a " dense mass
at dark foil,, old MA young, 'of bath sent,
With every hue of complexion, , from ' the
coal black African to the bright mulatto.
The Waite dress of the adultaraio is a pair
of dark pantalcroni draped , over by a brig
linen duster and .a calico shirt front, or scol
ored,
handkerchief. Services - begun, the
ainiakz; whose education Usually consists
Wit:rowing how to " read, write and figger,"
announces his text and directs his words of
warning upon his " dyke congregasbun,
ah!" the old brethren and sisters sitting with
closed eyes and upturned faces, leisurely
farmirqt sway at the gnits yak : their broad
• Nantes" fans' (which they never use
save on Sunday) and weitink pillently, for
that portion of the discourse at which the
" speret " begins to move than. Warming
both bodily and mentally into his work the
African evangelist giver! :full play to the im
agination, as he lifts the 'cover off the burn.
ing pit of brimstone, exposing the writhing
forms of the bit, with ghastly:- and fiendish
forms dancing around, armed 'With forks of
red-hot iron and giving other snob features
of the lintoniar dominions, which he de.
dares he *seen " wid his own eyes," un
til the calm, rklear night beivmea awful with
the mournful gift - 4ns that , are drawn from
the congregation.
Suddenly his descriptive fan'cy' 8011113 aloft,
to the regions of the blest,_ turns its flight
farm the lake of despair to the golden street,,
where
where "de culled man's crown is bright as
de'White man's. No more work, no more
trials , and tribulations." •
I lttst at this period I Witnessed a sdene
that baffles desciiption, , i/cads bobbing,
hands clapping, feet patting to the magic at
a glad hnsatutah, one passage of which I
caught as follows :
'Way up in de ihebln.% whar my soul swine to
shine, -
EaUn' nv do milk and de honey and de wine, •
The songs of triumph , gaveNway to a fran:
tic motion of the legs . which t to the sacri
legious eyea of the'writer looked very much
like &nail; a jig ; . the influence spread
from one to another, until the whole mass
was shouting : "Bless de Lord,' I got relig
ion ; I'm &Win' , in. do air ! Faiewell, 'l'm
on my way to glory 1" Some exerted them
selves so violently that iewas deemed neces
sary for two or three to.hold tiem;iiiid after
plunging tutdr'rearing for ileval minutes
wall apparently faint away. They were
oarritid out and laid but to cod. This is
'what they call " fallin' in a trance," and it is
always followed by a narrative from the vic
tim after recovering of his' descent into hell
or his ascent above,, exhorting his compan
ions to follow his example and shut the devil
and his angels.
It was a strange and impressive 'sight.
Their naturally excitable temperaments were
worked up to such a pitch as`to make them
bse all control of muscle and reason, and as
looked at, the wild stare in . :Veir faces I
wondered if that was. religion. Evidently
they Mink so.—Correspondence P-70e/rhia
Titan.
A LEAP FOR LIBERTY.
.
IloWit Georgia Prisoner Bolted Through a
Court House Window nri4 Escaped..
, saw Joe Thurmond yesterday and he
told ns allabout his escape from the. Clarke
county Collet House, his flight to Canada
and his return when pardoned by Clov'ernor
eolquitt. It if{ a thrilling chapter, Said
Thurmond ' I had no idea of attempting
Pn escape when Inas carried from the jail
to the court house, but had determined to
die, sooner than go to the penitentiary. But
while Sitting in my chair in &rage Jackson's
office a sudden desire seized inc to make the
attempt and without stopping to cinasidei
for a moment or count the probable cost I
made a bolt for•theievindcrw, but some one
caught my footiUst* I was about passing;
throtigh s that - emitted' me to•faU on my head'
and receite a fearful .shock. I then rushed
for my horse i *-pectikettch instant to be
shot down in my tracks, but I intended tc
die rather than surrender. One of Brown
mg's bullets 'grazed my leg and 'passing
through the s sadffie-skirt and blanket entered
the' aide of the nag I was riding. After get
tieg:bertud range 'of the balls I',h - Caded to
ward Brooklyn but :when aboatlitwo miles
out of town the horse began to' give way
under me, when I rode out in a pine thicket
to see what was the matter. Upon remov
ing the Saddle I discovered the wound, and
.knew that the :beast could not carry me
further.- I turned it loose and started , for
'home on foot, and by a circuitous route Ilk
to timid foinisen miles before getting there.
•Ilut my leaving my horse hehind saved me
front capture, as the officers thought-I was
OM hid out in,the thicket end so did not tel
egraph. I only remained hcime ari hour—
just long enough:to get some money, bid my
fathily good bye and start for Lawrenceville,
'thirty Miles distant.
Taking mi , little brother in the buggy we
made the trip in' just three boars, l)irt it
nearly killed the horsi I was driving. I
traveled at night, passing through Jug Tav
ern;; and met several mon on the road that I
knew, but as I had my bat slouched Over my
face they did not recognize me, not even my
uncle, whose house I passed.. Just as . I
drove into Lawrenceville the train - was
steamed up ready to leave and I got. aboard.
Had .I been ten minutes later it would have
left me. I met with another streak of, good
luck when I got to Snmadnee, th e e junction
• with the Air Line. I got from aboard as
soon a's the cars stopped and stepping into a
dark corner remained there until the regplar
'train came along, which was just ten min
utes. • Iboardedthesmoking car, and that was
'forttuiately unoccupied.
When I got to Atlanta •L did net 'wait for
the train to stop before I jumped Off and
secreted myself near therCattanooga Inkt,
that the conductor told me would leave in
ten minutes.. I feared a telegram had been
sent ahead and was afraid to risk even bay
ing a ticket, preferring tb pay my' tare to
the conductor. I bad no way to "vise
myself,_ as I "
was clelply shaved, and jhad to
take the chances. ' Just as the Western and
Atlantic train was moving off I jumped
aboard and soon left Atlanta behind me.
But Oreacied every itopplug place,
,expeet
ing fecmeet a telegram.. When Chattanooga
was reached I for the first time -felt: pretty
safe, but pushed on to my destination Can , .
ada.—Atlanta, Ga., Banner. ' -
HOYT'S LAST MESSAGE.
A Review of the Affairs of the
'Commortwealth.
Our Steady Oreurth In Euterpelie and
Wealth-16e Healthy Conditlon of
Fluanees-lteeetutuea talons
Retard lag i Tatation and Other
Questlomil of Importauee.
•
HAnittsauno, Jan. 2.—Governor Hoyt's
last biennial ritessagelan read in both
branches of the Legislature taday,, as
follows :
, . •
Gentlemen of the Senate and
.Ha aie of
Representatives : •
•
In the interval since the last bienuigl
session of the General Assembly, t 1
Commonwealth has gone steadily forint*
in orderly and healthy growth. New
sources of wealth have been opened with.
in heriborders—new enterprises of great
moment have been inaugurated, and real
progress seems to be the word, all along
our lines. We must gratefully recognize
the Providence which has maintained
theie conditions by which we are sur
rounded.
•
All good apprehend those boad,
underlying principles of intelligence, vir
tue and industry upon which this super
structure has been raised. In the main,
the constructive results of these principles
are controlled, neither in their origin nor
their tendency, by legislative or executive
acts. ' You are assembled. in pursuance
of the mandate of the Constitution, as
the sovereign povier of the State. to enact
such' ordinances , as shall maintain' these
influences at their; : best ; to lee that no
destructive interfeknees arise; to impose
the rule-of even-banded, justice and fair
play upon the collisions bet Ween different
'men and communities and interests. It is
my duty to sugges some of the topics
which may engage our attention, and to
take a survey of those governmental dd
partthents over which the State must
have the absolute control, and of some 'or
the institutions over which it extends its
fostering care. The variety and the: scope
of the elements of our State life, and the
eXpenses of regulation, will require sutue
detail in statement. If the- inventi,ry
grows lengthy, :it is because the wealth
and agencies involved well , and signally
illustrate the activities Of a greatWieciple.
You hive definite action
,to take, and it
is your right to require prlcise infoi7na
tie% but the constituencies ;itibind us may
justly feel great 'pride and gratification at
the summary. •
STATE FINANCES.
Four years ado our people had not
emerged from the effects of the loni and
disastrous prostration of business; and
their ability to respond to the demands of
the Treasgry to meet expenses was , iu-ri
,ously impaired. ' The financial officers of
the State. at that time, found 'large fail
ures in the iiources of revenue confronting
them. They wisely •counted on the; re
cuperatiie power or our industries, and
effectually tided, over the situation with
out the imposition of any added burthen
upon the taxpayers.
A t that date the, State debt was 421.875.820 aa
At this date''he State debt Is 20.228.083 28
,11PdnetIon of debt in foni . year:s• •1,5,50.537 28
;From this total of State debt ittn be
dedneted motets In Sinking Fund,
amounting to 7.99243 82
The net State Indebtedness Deem- .)
her I, 1882 ; Is 012,232,0611 46
In 1879,' under the adiginistration of
state Treasurer A. C. Noyes, thPre was
refunded an outstanding debt of $2,000.-
000, bearing 6 per cent. interest, by a loan
of a like amount, bearing 4 per cent. in
terest, the premiums on which were s3o;•'
002 83.
In 1882, during the administration of
State Treistirer "'amuel Butler, State
loans of over $10,000,000, bearing , in the
main 6 per cent. interest, were refunded
by loans of $9,450,000, bearing interest at
3,3 i and 4 per cent, per annu • li): The
nremium on these loans amounted to
$449.562.00. >,
The result of these oPenitionaitas been
to reduce . the annual interest which the
State pays upon its interest-bearing debt
:rom $1,233,623 72 in 1878, to -$874.460
in 1882,
an annual smirk." of $359,163 72
on this
•
accbunt.
There is at present, under the adminis
tration. of State Treasurer S. 31. Bailey,
in the Sinkingr,und, $2,077,073 90,eash.
As none of the [State loans api at present
reimbursable, qhe TreasurefThae no law
ful authority to apply thiEF, fund to reduc
tion of the debt, exeeptlbY going!into the
market and buying the bondi-Of the State
at a premium,
,handsome, ' , indeed, and
creditable to the State, but embarrassing
to a financial officer charged with' accoun
tability, These bonds, at market rates,
now beir premiunis about as follows :
The three and one-half per cents are selling at 'lO9
The four per cents are selling at 117
The liver cents are selling at 119
Before 'assuming such responsibility
the Treasurer is fairly justified in await
ing a legislative command.
The skill :and integrity which 'have'
worked Oleic results are entitled t 4 .4 thei
highest approval . of the people ofisthe
State. To vigilance and efficiency on the
part of the State Treasurers:ithe Auditor—
Generals and the Attorney-Geeeral dtiring
these y. ars, are due these hopeful figures,
and recognition for high public trusts,
honestly fulfiller', will be' ,cheerfully
awarded them.
While the finances of the State are in
this satisfactory cenditiOn, they, and the
system of taxation upon which they are
based, must be 'considered also in refoi
ence 'l9 local taxation for city, lounty.
school, poor, and road purposes. Of
course, it is. a truism that taxation should
bear equally upon all classes of property.
It is further legitimate to impose the
proper burdens upon cerporations deriv
ing valuable franchistes from the State,and
for licenses and:Weiler grants for special
Privileges. • It will be important to note
the sources of revenue to the State. For
the last 'year thoy were as follows : '
Land $5.605 47
Tax ntreorporation stock and limited •
partnerships 1,575..168 60
Tax on gross receipts 658 670 91
'
Tax on coal Fompanles 90,70 a 86
Tax on bank stock 7-- 350,171 59
Tax on net earnings or income 74,265 15
Tax on grolis premiums 32.057 6
Tax on loans - 6811.790 38
Tax on personal property ' -" 437,776 Cl
Tax on writs. wills, deeds. etc 109,104 28
Tax on collateral Inheritances 476,851 03
Tax onset° of fertlllzers , MAO 00
Porelrn insurance companies - 234,939 10
Taeerp licenses ' 493,862 32
Retailers' licenses • ' 303,934 92
Ea lopouse licenses 79,632 26,
Bieetens,! licenses • 0.1 4 41 42
Billiard licenses 16.534 CO
~
Brokers' licenses 4 • - 9,886 34 .
AuCtloneers , licenses, 6,53 s 04
Liquor licenses 36.076 50
• Peddlers' licenses 1.756 10
Patent medicine Metres ..... ..' ....... 4.503 20
Theatre, circus, etc., licenses .i 1 , ft. 040 Bfl
Bonus on:darters 130.991 91
Office license fees , , 10.480.99
Accrued interest •'
I 50 33a39
Penalties • • . ' 5i817
. ,
Pamphlet laws • ,
- : 275
,51,,,
Notaries' public commissions.... 10.275 65
Allegheny Valley Railroad Company.. - 439.'69 41
United States Government . 94,561 15
4•ommutiflon of tonnage tax...,...... ' 464000 00
Annultytfot k right of way 10,000 00
Escheetq.„-4.- 3.073 87
Fees:tir blfc otacera . 50.472 99
Refdnde cash - ,697 57
Divider' on stock owned by State... - et" 00
Console
~'ee money :
_l6 00
.Miscellafieous
Divide'
I ... 1,553 27
The total • expenditures for the same
time were $5,024,766 41„ t Of this aggre
gate more than for millions were derived
from taxes on 'Corporations.""' The only
item which, in any true sense, is a direct
tax on the people '
is-that of $437,776 64,
"tax on personal property." This tax is
derived money, watches and -carri
ages:lrk is desirable td retain the taxes
ou the National Banks which yield the
State nearly three hundred and fifty thou
sand dollars annually, this "tax on per
sonal property" cannot be abolished, as
the acts of Congress, creating the Nation
al Banks, forbid their beirm subject to
MI
any greater: tax than is imposed Nide
other moneyed capital " in the Sato
There is'no tax for State purposes on real
estate. Ezeept certain corporate bonds
and stock; ',and the road beds and shops
and mechanical eevices ofrailroads. all
property in the 'State is .liable to focal
tares, for city, county, school, (poor, and
road purposes. The laws for. their levy
'arid collection are substat tially uniform,
:sufficiently understood by the people, and
their full execution depends nu the fideli
iy and nerve of the local officer and the
temper of, the •taxpayers. Injhis distri
butien of, I burthens betemen " the State
and ,the Ifical:sub-divissons, 1 'am aware
of no instance 'in %bid , any community
or' interest killers any relative injustice,
although indefinite claims are made to
that effect.' I ICannot conceive how "hori
zontal equality" of -taxation is to bee se
cured except, by details SQ minute, inquis-
JtOsi I and vexatious,-as to bo cPstareful
to the people, inetlicacions,-..nd out of all
Propintiort to the results accomplished.
If ad the 'taxes of the people, for all
purposes in the whole State, werr accum
ulated into the State Treasury, no scheme
of redistributiOn can be devised which
could reach the grOtving needs, the con
flicting claims and changing equities of
different localities. It will be a dangerous
departure from the habits and customs of
the people' to -destroy 'the autonomy of
local;, government in the municipal sub
divisions. , Thaitde the single case of the
public schools, the State takes out of its
treasury and? hands (not back, but,) to
the sehool distticts, $1,000,000 annually,
and: has so flied it unalterably in the
Conatitution,. is to testify its determina
tion that there shall be 'no shortcomings
in duty to an interest, vital to the dis
tricts and the State as a whole. There .
are no serious mischiefs in'the system to
correct, and no violent remedies need to . "
be applied. Adjustments and adaptations
will be suggested by experience from
time to time. This is the. theory upon
which the 'revenue bills, to be submitted
to you by the commission, provided for
in 1881, have been constructed. .
There is, however, a, safe and practica
ble scheme by which there might ::now be
a partial redistribution of the burthens of
taxation. tinder the present arid -pros
pective revenues of the State i larger dims
go annually into the Sinking Fund than
can be alrailably used. There are requir
ed from l it, the interest on the State debt
and the extinguishment each year of at
least two hundred and fifty thousand-dot=
lars of the priticipal of the public debt,
according to 'the provisions of the Consti
tution. Under existing statutes the fund
is swelled by taxes- largely in efeess' of
.these demands. Opinions differ' as to the
greater or less rapidity with Which the
State, debt ought to be paid off. We have
no debt.maturing until 1892, except an
annual ainonnt of $250,000. If the mon
ey-in the Sinking Futid is to be employed
in buying the bonds of .the United States
or this State to any greater extent. .it can
only be cone now by going itito the open
market and purchasing them at'. the large
premiums referred to: I- would recom
mend; therefore,' a diverSiou of funds
t
wbiph came into the State Treasury from
'the Sinking Fund to the general. fund, -
except only the sums - demanded fi3rAtay
ment of interest and the Constitutional
requirement as.to principal together - with
such additional reserve as . prudence and
the contemplation of further moderato
reduction 'of the 'debt might indicate.
After subserving all these purpokes the
, State Treasury Would still, if estimated
revenues held out, be in such a position
of. strength as to dispense with the taxes
derived from some or all of the following
sources : Tavern license;
,retailers' li
censes, eating-house licenses and billiard
licenses. The revenue derived from theSe
licenses, Which now goes into the State
- Treasury, could be left in the
.treasuries
of the various countieS k whence it comes,
and would, to 'that extent, relieve the
people from local taxes for the support of
their courts, and 'for other county - uses.
I am persuaded that the finances of the
State will, without. inconvenience, permit
these taxes to be - diverted from the State
•Treasury to the treasuries of the respec
tive counties.
The reports . of Dr. E. E. DigbCe, Su
periuttndent of Public. Instruction, deal
in a full, clear and sitTsfa - Aory manner,
with our great systein CC:common tchools:
You will find • much gratification :in his
official presentation of the magnitude and
progress of the work in this. Department.
It may stimulate our confidenCe and our
pride in the systei%to 'glance at some of
the statistics which it presents :
The annual txpenditures of all kinds,
were $8,263,244 54. The valae,of school
property is $28,346,500. V
Appropriation by ihe State to the com
mon schools, $1,000,000 ; 'Normal schools,
$82,000; Soldiers' -40ipban schools, $381;-
704 15. Total, $1,463,764 -15.
The number of school directors is 15,-
000;, there are nearly-22,000 teachers, and
the'number of pupils enrolled is 950,000.
Td.these extensive agencies we may add
the cinmerous aeadfimies, calcites and
universities, which are supported by vol,
Untary contributions and private patron
age, in which other thousands of young
men and women are making preparations
for the various callings and professions
of our social life.
As the Superintendent well says:, "This
work is going Gn without pomp or glitter
in the small houses that dot our hills and
valleys„,unseen and unheeded by the:gad
ding world ; yet it is felt aiivery hearth
stone of th Qommoriwealth and holds
quiett-posvession o the home-hearts" of
our communitieli and, it Tiightly, directed
and sanctified by a truth, its benison
there mutt be. its est recognition and
reward."
It is happily made'( to appear thA the
common 'school and high school, provided
for by State Ind locat_ taxation, are in
tended, in no sense, to exclude or come
into antagenism-with, the academic cul
ture provided by the yolnntary education
al tendencies of the people._ The State
compels v certain amount of elementary
training, and, in the flexibility of the sys
tem, permits school directors to carry
their high schools to any. grade of schol
al ship demanded, or assented- to by their
local taxpayerfq They are, in these re
gards, entirely . :7n" the discretion of the
people of - 'ust '
several - districts. Upon
this r basis, 'eftensions of the Work aro to
bemade by private enterprise. But no
where are these agencies in conflict. The
bond of c"nnection between them, while
not a legal one, is a vital one, and comes
through the popular impulse toward edu
cation. The estate of learning through
out the whole Commonwealth thus comes
to have organic, wholeness, and to be per
vaded by one common life. 1-1
I concur in the recommendation of 'the
Superintendent_ that •he niinimum ,time
during which the public schools should be
opened each ytiar, should be enlarged to
six months ; sof also, that the appropria- -
tion made by the State to each' district
I should be distributed on the basis of the
Average number of children in attend
ance, rather than on the basisof taxa
bles in the respective districts, as is now
the law.
Tao State : NolllW Schools will . doubt=
less be constrained to present their con
dition and their claims to the Legislature.
Some of them are badly involved in debt,
and others, which have contracted no ser
ious'indebtedness, are without adequate
eqUipment. These schools are an im
-portaqt and'valuable part of the
„e#uca
tional work of the State. During the
past four years the appropriations to
these schools, by the State, have
~ been
distributed to them on the apparent
equity of each case. The payments thus
made have not been absolute, but for
their amounts liens have been taken, in
faVor of the State, against the property
of the schools. I think this policy:should
be continued until all the schools are re
lieved of any indebtedness not improvi
dently 'contracted, and the equipment
fairly equalized:. In -that, event, these
*7,063.529 Ctl
PUBLIC SCHOOLS
$1:50 a-Yesr, In Lhasa.
NO. 33
normal schools- should 'he brotight, to a
greater extent, under the control of the
State.' - Thereafter they should be self
sustaining, and not expect that - the State
should come to their aid, indefinitely.
-The: - - . Soldiers' Orphans' ! Schools are
now, by law, under the superintendency
of - the Department of Public Instruc
tion. The reports show them in a
, ealthy condition, physically, intellectu
ally, •trui morally. There are now 2,963
children in these schools. By existing
law it, is provided that they shall be final
ly closed on June l, 1f3133. It is estimated
that, at that date, there will be on their.
rolls, I'7o children. Whatever action
this, or future General Assemblien truiy
take in enlarging ; the classes who may
receive - this form of the ,State bounty,
soine provision ought now . to be made for.
the -chlldren who' ill be 'actually in
v i
the charge of the Seto in ltOp. It can
scarcely, be contemplated that they are to
be dismissed summarily without homes
or help, and the schools closed:abruptly.
Such response to the - grateful 'and hu
mane instincts which inspired this mag
nificent form of the State'aifieence,
would make its ending unworthy of the
years of effort and expenditiati which
have been so grandly sustained, without
regret ; by the people. ,
DUSTRIAL REFORMATORY, RITETINGDON;
By an act .of the General Assembly,
appro% ed on
,the Bth day of June, 1881, it
was directed-that , a State Industrial Re
forma,tory should be constructed and ,
erectd on the property ~of the State at -
HIM mgdon; and *Wel bad Been pur
chased for the putpose of a penitentiary.
• In;earrying out the terms of this act, a
Board...of Commissio..ers has been Sp
pointed; which has determined upon and -
adopted suitable plads for: the necessary
buildings; and has "qmade Contracts for
some of them. When completed,, they,
wilk embrace about ten •;abres of the
premises inclosed by a guard wall, four
wards for the dormitories for 500 inmates,
chapel, - school-rooms, and the iarious
bildings and structures in which _differ
ent , industrirl and mechanical pursuits
,ate to be carried on. Of these, the foun
dations of the walls have been,laid; The
exterior walls of one ward and - ono school
building have been ne trly completed.
The water supply and the main culverts
draining-the premises into the Juniata
River have been koVided. All this work
is of ,the most-complete description, and
has been faithfully and honestly done. •
The details of the plans have been
adopted in view of the:special uses of the
Reformatory. They 'have . been agreed
xpoa, afte r the most thoroughexainination
of the whole subject, both by the Com
missioners and their architects, and hale
been the result' f visits to • like institu
tions in other States. I am persuaded
they embody the 4latest: and wisest ex
perience in Its relations to ,the scheme.
The statute referred to enacts: that when .
completed, "the Bdard of Managers shall t
'receive and take into said reformatory all?^t
male criminals between the ages of fifteen
and twenty-five and not known to have
been previously sentenced to a peniten
tiary or State prison in this ,or any other,
State, who shall be legally sentenced to
said reformatory on conviction of any . ,'
criminal offense in any court having juris
diction thereof." "The said industrial
reformatory shall be constructed .to ac.
commodate at least 500 - prisoners, 'and
in such' a way as to admit of their classi
-fication and -their instruction and em
ployment in useful labor.", This instruc
tion will include . mental, moral and in
dustrial education, which, combined in an
orderly and systematic course, underlies
the whole theory I deem itotinecassary
to urge again the views upon this subject
embraced in my biennial message of 1881.
Their soundness mid prae.ticability have,
since that date, been strongly justified
by further examination, and by practical
experience which reaches us from many
other. States and countries.
No serious 'doubt -has been auErested
affecting, 'unfavorably,' the value - "tif the
undertaking. The act itself was- phased
upetohe unanimous -report of a joint
committee of the Senate and House of
Representatives at the last session ; and
it secured the Cordial indorsement of both
houses. The construction and mainten
anco'of such 'an institution may be re
garted as, part of the settled policy - of the
btate.. The details of the work, done
and contemplated, will more fully appear
in the report of 'the commission submit
ted telyou. _lt is the only public build
'ing now - tieing erected by the State. The
Eastern and Weaterni Penitentiaries will,
apeio r its completion, be - largely relieied
of inmates who are now crowding their
capacity. It • will be a - wire'. and true
economy to provide for' the complete
erection and equipment of this itunitu- -
tion, and to make the necessary appro- -
priatinA therefor—not for present ex- ,
penditUre—but to be applied to_buildings,
the designs of which must' now be set
tled upon ; the uses of which are to be
'taciw contemplated, and the parts of which
are to be treated, at last, as a whole, with
a, unified purpose running - through it.
The commission in charge of the - under
taking have been so unwearied in their
efforts to. carry out the expressed intent, of
the Legislature, and so devoted to its
successful accomplishment, that in very
virtue of their wise and faithful manage
ment hitherto their recommendations will
attract your approval. ,
PENITENTIARIES.
There are two penitentiaries in the
State, one in Allegheny and one in Phila
delphia. '
.The 'Western Penitentiary has
been in process of rebuilding for several
years, at a cost_pf several -hundred thou
sand dollars. I The course of treatment
Pursued there is that known asithe con
gregate, system. Its official
_direction is
complete and satisfactory, and upon its
entire reorganization in its neiCibuildings
it may safely be committed to the con
tinued supervision of its present manage
ment.-., •
The Eastern ,Penitentiary has reached
about
-its limit of ceßcapacity. It is con
ducted on the separate confinement or
indiidual treatment system. - It has not
met with the universal approval of those
who claim to be specialists in this bran&
1 ,
of political economy, and social science
congressei occasionally mum_ to con
demn its mode of dealing with its inmates.
It •rhas, tor more than fifty years, held
consistently to the statute creating it.
Blnclias the system has been controverted
I deem it just, as one who has given some
attention to this subject, to- say that for
convicts who have deliberately joined the
criminal classfor those whose age or re
peated conviction render themramenable
to punitive rather than reformatory meth
ods—and for those ag ainst whose violent
passions or confirmed habits society can
find no protection but in incarceration,
the separate system affords the moXt cora-
Plete opportunitiei of treatment, 'and .
yields the best attainable results. There
is no occasion to enter into the controver
sy which has long been carried on betweetr
the advocates of the congregate and the. I
separate syStems of prison discipline. '
But to the Hon. Richard Vali; who for '
forty years. has continuously - exercised
the °MI:, of inspector, and to his asso
ciates, is due the credi t demonstrating
that the system of "solitary confinement,"
as practiced in the Eastern Penitentiary,
is not only not a .reproach to the eiviliza- ,
Mop of-Pennsylvania, but that as a peni
tentiary, and for certain criminals, it is'
as wise, as humane, and "effective as , any
yet devised.
In neither of the - penitentiaries of this
State has there ever been an attempt yet
made to administer them , on the vulgar' ~_
wicked, unworthy consideration of mak
ing them self-sustaining. In neither of
them has it been forgotten that even the
convict is a human being, and that his
body and soul are not so the property of •
the State that both may be crushed out -
in the enlist, to reimburse the StateLthe
cost of his scanty food r and, at the end of
his Maui, what then is left of him, be dis
missed, an enemy of human ioeleity.
._
• CONCLUDED ON SECOND rams.
II