rAtittit'liireAßTiturt - t4Alz-,4) '!rim, the: Genera Parmet. • Twenty:One Xpres of taild. TOY WILLIAM GARBUTT. !MESSRS. EDITORS - :----Many of the cultiva tors of the soil, who occupy large POssesSioas,, do not realize the amount of la 'bar that on be profitably employed in cult} a c tion ; and f+ farm-laborers are aware hOw small. a • piece of 'ground will afford full exiployment tO anindastrious map, and yield litnself and ,fa the comforts-of life, and make them an independent home. iln illuslmtion of these facts, I will _ give an accoutit of fanner B. , His farm consists `ef twenty-one acres : one acre of: it is °co :. pied,..witlz .Ifaildings, Yards and garden, and • tYenty acres are for cultivation;—all ; made ph), ditetive by thorough draining tindhounti fut.' manuring. A good substantial fence all ronyid it, but no division fences. lie lias 57 •: leas of 'patent fence, which is easily reirioved —ivitli • which be encloses one-fourth Of the ground far pasture. • -....:,.P0 - farm is divided into four equal parts —ts acres in each part. •First season, No. 1 is in grass, clover and timothy, for pasture; -- .10.. 2 in hoe crop—one acre in wurtzels, op potatoe, and three in corn ; No. 3, bar , - , ley ; and No. 4in Nylicatz With these crops he; kept a regular rotation each year.' See ond season, No. 1 is manured in the fall with ' all' the manure that he has collected the past year, and plowed for next season's Roe crop ; N0..2 is plowed in the fall for barley next spring; No. .3 (barley stubble) is SOlila with timothy and clover for next season's pasture -- . -iwhieh rotation he uniformly pursues.._ Itelleeps a yoke of oxen, two cows, twenty ' gopd.ewes and a breeding sow, for Yhieli 5' acres of fresh clover on a rich soil will afford plenty . of pasture, provided that lie does not. .., turn into it too soon in the Spring. • The wheat and barley Straw, corn stalks, and rows, 'will be ample forage for them in wthter. He is industrious, economical and Prudent. Every thing is well done, and i, sea Son. The ground is kept clean, no weeds .. .being allowed to grow, not even around the fence ;.it is made richby plentiful applications - .of manure, which renders it very productive. His wheat averages 30 bushels per acre.-- • - 'lt will take 24 bushels to bread the family the year, (which consists of himself, wife , and/our - little ones,) and it will take 7 bushe t--: for ,seed, which will.leave 119 to sell ; this, `Eit, $1 per bushel, will make $llO. His bar - lqt yields 40 bushels per acre : it will take 8 of it for seed, and 102 bushels to market. . et 50 cts. per bu.„ will be $9O. The corn averages 60 bushels per acre; the three acres produce 189 bushels : it will take 80 bushels to the pigs, fat the pork, and use of - the - fatally, (for they eat Johnny cake and mush.) which leaves him 100 bushels to market, at • 50 cts. per bu is $5O. The potatoes and beets are all ' used at home. The wool.of the -,, 20 ewes averaging $1 per fleece, will -be $2O. They reise 20 lambs, which he sells in July or August for $2O. By taking the lambs from the ewes early, the latter will get, fat - 'bp fall: 15‘of them are sold fur s3o4witli win& :he purchases 20 ewes for next season's keeping—and he has 5, fat sheep left for the use of the family. The sows have 6 pigs the last of March or early in April : 5 of -• them, with the snow, are fatted, anti a young soy kept for next spring. The 5 pigs and oldsow when fatted will make 1,100 lbs. of I,pork ; .500 will do the family, with the 5 fat sheep, and leave him 600 lbs - to sell, which at 5 cts. a pound is $3O. The two calves are fatted and sold for $5. This makes $340 worth sold from the products' of the " - 2ei; acres, and the family have had their farm living the past year. i i .l lt may be thought that this calcul ation is too large for an average production, batl. assure you that if the operation is in dastrious,_ lleouomical 1 d jodicious, lie will r' ,aeldiim fall Ishort of the quantity stated.— ' Bnt it is asked, how ea an industrious man be , constantly employed on 20 acres ofl erthand cultivated for fa ming purposes l - 1 Look at it His groan for spring crops is alll plowed in the fall. n the first of April =h commences operati for the season.— lie first sows the-grass eed on the wheat; . then 10 cwt. of plaster' n the -hoe ground ;. and as soon as the gro dis sufficiently dry •-•-ke harrows it and sows e barley; then Lai.- ' • ros and, cross harrows mntili it is thoroughly 1) verized, and-then rolls it. By that time th planting ground is ready to harrow, u .. . ,Nelfich- operation is continued until the ground is well pulyetised i and time nearer it eau be -, -..mado.to &garden - tit the better. ' ' • But if he is ahead of the season with his • ' work he can always have full employment ' makinginl the manure heap. He collects ~... . i every thing that will make manure that his !_. time and means permit; he puts on it at - --least one ton of plaster at different tithes.— ' hed ashes, swamp muck, marl, dirty salt, • an old brine, are all collected and mixed ae„ • ' h the, barn yard dung, so 'as to increase ,the'inanur'e heap to it least 200 loads. , ...,-.. . aground being n good' order andi the , • n favorable, he commences planting the . ..itt - of May, and t -eS time and does it WWI 1 - '- *Aare is morelest by careless plantirte •••:: - :,,,*ould - pay fo four times the labor' '.....7f -- :41 agitiVell. He first plants the wurflr.els, th the potatoes and coin. Planting 1 . don, e,lhe wheat is to be wed; and as soon' • -as!the wurtzels are 'up he begins hoeing, whi.4l,ldfords' Minn employment until the first, ,: i 1: ''''s Joeriaps fifth, bly, He, then has 7: ix? „ , Jeanie, and ' is a neighbor in hay -• I ~-to procure help hauling in the gram. li. v • i•', commenses ' h vest as soon as the ..'.-' ;.'", will answer, it barley' will de to eat' \-1 - 1 1 ,4 1 ' 4 P - '' If 4ik4t staleleroY.,ll to e - , ' 'an, lot - it lie two or gime days in swa ~- 3 liiirwest.. beguile m 4 work as faithfullias l' - ' - lic l aitioei4nitil: the - riiti is - all secureo— . " 'tin ti iii;lns harrows, cultivates, or ploWs - ' ['lt Nil 'e"birley stubble, So as ta iiniverise 'it 4komighlY feu inches deep, : 4 - SOWS on itliiirliOn of plester.,. The CO* is' now '7 -- " 4.. . -. loil'tiut. Up ",.thatdone - 10.illWs the' . efltabbledeep and cell and somas Mme_ 44tly :.. wheat.l The summer crops are now ready .. „ , gather, winch . employs Wit- a while. z ,, ,When all are secured, Ihe:takes out the me , : rhttre, Spreads ikevenly Over the surface; and Plows, it Under. The ground is also to be ploWed . foribarley next spring, winch keeps him busy until it is time; to prepare forwinter. In winter he, takes Ood rare of the stock - , thrashes the grain, and proVides fuel—having none on his farm. The orchard is planted by the fence, around the" farm and door yard. Now, my. Young Friends, be industrious and . saving, - . and ;you will soon be able to purchase 21 here;s of land. And you who have large possessions, and sons you wish to settle near you, divide your possessions with them; and teach them to realize that industry and economy :11.01w sources of wealth—and that a neat conffortable and independent home, though it is small, will afford more rational enjoyment in ,old age, than large possessions, with a princely mansion, even if it is not encumbered with debt. Wheatland N.Y,.: 4849. Devon Cattle. Amcmo the improved breeds of - cattle in this country, the 4,)EVOXB are held in high estimation, and probably-the most generally admired. As a distinct breed of neat cattle they pos.sess several features peculiar to themselves, of which they are very tenacious —retaining them, in a great degree, even though their distant crosses with other breeds, and particularly - our native stock. The color of pure Devons is always red, varying to a dark mahogany. The dark color is generally most admired,.fdthoueh the light shales are equally profitable. There is occasionally a little white on the belly, which is more com mon with the heifers and the steers, and the cows udders areirequently white. The hairs which farm the brush of the tail are very remarkable ; on calves_ they, are a darker jhade than the other parts of the body, but always turn white before the animals are three years old. The hide is then, soft and mellow to the hand—the hair - silky, and fre quently curled. The horns are long. fine and smooth, and frequently yellow at the rout when young; the. muzzle and round the eve yellow, with a bright, keen and active coun tenance. . . . . The Devons are fine boned,_ clean limbed and very active,—resembling in cattle wh a t, is called blood in horses More than any - urnei Kteictv. • Ttic-i , -oz t.,-ookt fr - cacil•, and make as much beef in proportion to the f wl- con stuned-asan; other cattle. Their be..f is also of the best duality, 1,1:1.4 what fieshers call marbled (or well mixed- with alternate fat and lean :) and they always prove. ivell whin . dressed—weigl xi n.,if heavy to their appearance. In size they are about the medium of, meat stock. When dressed the tows w. -- ;:r1; frojn G to 800, and oxen from 10 to 15,009 lbs., grass fed. - The bull: of this booed are nsuallv inferior, in size and beauty, to the oxen ; but his stock is the best proof of the value of a sire, and not his ; ppearanee.. Fur labor we believe the Devons.a-0 not excelled by any other 1 breed—and their uniformity of color and build renders them easily matched. They I are very active, docile and tractable, as well as touch and hardy, •ain.l when carefully used will preform much DNA. from four to `eight years of age, without diminishing their size or aptness to fatten. As milkers the De:i,ons are similar to our native cows, but the quality of their milk is always-rich. ' On this point Mr. AL:LEN, au thor of " Domestic Animals," (published in 1848,) . remarks :—" The cows invariably yield milk of great . richness, and when appropriately bred: none surpass them for the quantity of butter . and cheee it yields. 'Mr. Bloomfield, the Manager of Lord Lei cester's estate at Holkliam, has, by careful attention, Somewhat increased the size, with out it:Tailing the beauty of their form, and so sitecessfuthas be been in developing their milking pr o perties, that, his average product of butter from each cow, is .t lbs. per week for the whole year. lie has challenged agbind - to. milk an equal number of cows of 'any breed, against 40 Pure Devons, to be selected out of his own herd, without as yet Bring found a competitor."- We believe the Devons were fist intro duced into Western New York about twenty five years ago, by I\'sl. (i A 11BUTT, , EST, Of Wheatland. In 1,835 or 'G, Mr. 6-. stocked his farm in Sheldon (in eliarge of Mr. BzcK,• an experienced Scotd; farmer,) with II portion of his home stock. In 4838 or 0, Mr. -Yin- NOX, of Roanoke, Geraisee county, imported a bull and two heifers fOom the best stock in Devonshier, England. Messrs, GARI3I:7, 13Kcs anal others, bred from the Vernon Bull (now known as the Dibble Bull,) and pro-.I duce& many valuable animals.: Tiii - stock is now scattered over match of -Western New- York, and some of if in Michigan and Can ada, so that purchasers ) can be adcomodated with thorough bred Devons, not, inferior to any, at much less expense and trouble than to import them from England. To - PriEsmiv - E 114 K.-11 milk be intro- . tweed into bottles, then well corked and put i*o a pan of cold wafer and gradually raised th the boiling "point, and after being allowed 6 'Cool, be taken out land put away in a 4)01 place, the milk may be - kept perfectly skeet for. half ."a year..,.; Or it; May be evap led to 4ryness, by' a gentle heat, and - der -constant stirring.'A dry mass will thus k S a 'i 'obtained . which- -v en &solved in hot .stater,.is.said to, poss* , , all the. qualities of the best IniLiio , ' .i 1 ,- Weiv Goods rial New Prices. , i BURRIIT Mali* reeeived his general Fur!- : ,• , plies of ilpring aridgumner . Ci pods; corapn tan' g a -lirge and rich assortment of. Pints, printed iiiWns, gingluuns, charigre. linenlustres,tuad oth di ladies' dress goods. Lich priOhld cach e -were '4O other sinner slut bi, Men's simmer "wear, . ,• , cloths, 'fancy esitsbn . eres; Kentucky jeans, . - linens, oke., aid alsO, his usual large Nariety , .geodis fee -almost every brunch of trade in .the eiintntry, to Which he ivoaa intite like attention, of nosh purchasen, in partie*, and' will be 'sold. as Iholli or less than the-cleapi* form*, produce * or,' pprorod croft* ' -Ne w Milford, 113 4 2. KlTEand Yellow. lieetSeed.,"for sale by the i l t' . ' Bound or etherwisd, at the ARCADE. t To Fanners and Dbirymea. THE ErubscOet havinimcluised the -right of manufacturing and vending Crowell's Patent Thermometer Churn, would cordially recommend them to every; fanner and dairyman as the best Churn ever introduced to - the- public. The prittei .pal advantagesithis churn has -over all others, are these: Ist, it is constructed in quell a manner that the top can- be taken off so as tugivei free•ae eRS to the interior, which makes it perfectly convenient to put in the cream and take out the batter-=the pad dles can be taken out, making it still, more conve nient to clean. Ind, a thermometer is attached to. the churn so as to show the exact temperature of the cream, whicih experience shows should be from GU to 62, degrer: a cluunber or space is ar ranged around the bottom of the' churn for the ptiriutse of :Ida - allay, cold or warm water so as tp bring the cream to the right teroperatuie without mixing the water with the cream. It is veil known to nil butter Makers that cream too cold when churned, takes much longer tittle in Cherning titan when at the proper temperature—besiaes, a por tion of the butter Is left m the buttermilk. It is also well known that warm water mixed with cream is tilwayt injurious and very oftea spoils the butter, The thermometer churn effectually reme dies-all these evils. It churns equally well in warm or cold weather. There is'no suds thing having the cream too cold or too warm is this churn if it is properly managed. An examilation mid trial of this churn is alone deemed sufficient to re mammal it to public favor. It has been fairly tes ted in this and ni other places. and rherever it has been used it has never failed of giving the most entire sati4faction. ..blontrose, m 5. WM. K. HATCH. _ First Arrtval. Spriv cad Su/11010^r Goods for 1840.. A EL who are de4rous of purchasing new goods are invited to call and examine the large and splendid lot of plain, atmelion and stripe silks; plain alpaems, and plitin and figared de hums, a large variety of ginghams and lawns of alNiescriptions, a large stock of ' , hosiery, linens, handkerchiefs and shoes, diapers, eounterwins, Laces and edgings, white goods, blue and green gauze veils, barieges, fine muslins and Irish linens, a large variety of cal icoes and furniture prints, battings, cotton yarns, carpet warps and table spreads, some beautiful goods for ladies' , Facks, cambric, white, colored and bin& kid gloved, gent's kid gloves, linen and pocket handkis and cravats, summer cloths, ink, steel pens, holders and wafers, 'l5 p.s. cloths, cassi: tams, tweeds and satinetts, satin, silk; worsted and velvet vestings, Napoleon cord, suspenders, hoots and - shoes, brown linens, checks, flannels' anti bleach ed muslins: A large supply of summer goods, bonnet satins, and tatf.tta ribbons, a beautiful stork ?:sties and misses bonnets, spring and summer fash ions of every style, uno:matly low, g ood mol a sses for 3s per gzllon, spgars 16 pounds for ? 1 1, Fall River nail; fur 5 scuts, clover and timothy !Zeds, lgood heavy sheetings for 6 cents Sweeds iron, nail rods, spraigsteel, bawl iron, tire iron, round Anal souare bars, the cheapest and best teas in town:lnort':.r wheat flour, e. dish and c,lfiec,;, white sugars, sperm and tallow candles, window sash and glass, axes, SteA shovels and thing forks, etc. etc. All of which will be sold at a small advance for ca-h, produce .ur approved credit, at Springville or Montrose. LATIIROI' gilif,ltal, - Ciskitih: I" " "Wrigh,. & ',At.. 'lstipireetifie -, 8'644; Milk : 1 4 ~, si 8 silli kliiiiirfi• HO ' 40141 ;,-..M14. 4 Al. the ptimit 4 -, D uggiei e , end - iebetiee' igeuetiiilly - thioughoiet - liiiii i , II ;Stales, -41,eii .p . iitiee: Mi 4: die Clii"Mtee.. ' l . ' ~.,.,,.. ..... , .„..., : loriefp Ciajlittrosi.:4 : 4„, , i I. ' - 'Y....T 611 ! 60,1!1.1-1 I)laiB,lr,',-; 1 111luire al, Nemo is i i i, few - loivitioit',l Wit . I'l' 4 clIld!S hirta.S•s-torel . .I .1.11 . 11e4444.4..by the at ollitui:7oissileitt r!ildi! _ i s I y - Willierloo.l 4 iieit iieven.ljeirle . .k.VO:sinsii Imr, II 11 0 loss 11 041.0' :- is took 1400(11 11 1V4 1 .:Irbich I 41'1 .. lOU 11117.'.'grial cililige,l,o, 4, -- :- e i ~,,' .. - - ;;,:. „ if•,.l', - ~..` ..i i ,, : . s-V014111:411111114 1 INUrr'7';" ' 4 0, tliA4Ort.,`^cPt4 ) ?..P l S . W .4o,° _ li,EA'.l) Aien,tif fur . * UK ,) ,4 I - .; • ' 04111