THE KLONDYKE GOLD FIELDS
n.AER MINERS 'TANINQ OUT" NUGGETS
UK United Stale
Ootern ment in
1N;7 paid Kuaxia
$7.20 0.0 O 0 for
K 5r Ttr- Alimkn. TJie torri-
utT ,,ry ha Pii1'' 1,:,, k
f'Ztf&fi ' V J y in rM four
3--im-, t times, havins ro
k'ssS 'V". 'i". ""
time it hart teen
part of the United
Sl:ites atniiit
(Hui.miO ,f the pre
eiiMis yellow mel:il.
'i'o d.ij the
Hc.rlil nre turned tou'iml
of
our
fi.r
Hi.
fiwiMi :iiiiisilion in the mirth,
n-iitiin its Imrilers has ln'i'11 i:h-
cipvi ).! 11 ri FMnrmlo. The word Klon-
ljlio. lit.-nilly translated nieanins Iir
Kiver. is on every tonmie and is known as
tt.e .1. -situation for a oli!-liearin; distrii-t
(.-r-aliT in n ten and richer in elm meter
than any the world has ever known, with
the iossilile exception of (ul:forni-i.
KIornlyKe is the new open ncsaine to
AhoMiii's i-nvo; it Kiipplantn "Pike's Peak
or hnst" in the prolil seeker'H vern.ienlar.
"Tl:e d:i vs of '!7" may hoiiime as eele
l.r.iti.l a phiaK ns "the days of '4'.," for
the same fever that seized upon the people
ari-1 ilnftci! the Western prairies with ein
ii,Tniil Ira'ns hound for the Pui'ifn eoast
is eJiiimuii; virtirns by the thousands, all
'iK'T to hrnve the perils of the arctic cir
cle and wri st a fortune from the froze
Tore.
'Hie revolted cold diHinverii's of tht
(resent ilat in Alaska and the reMirted
trnld disi on ries of '-111 in California nlPi.nl
many parallels. To the nverajje man the
treasures of the eoast State were seem
ingly as inai cessilile as ore the riches of
!)- Vuou and its f rihuturies. One was
more limit 'J.iillll miles across a tiacklens
desert ami over snow-bound mountain
p?sscs. heset hy Bavnties. whose deadly
nitaeks ndirked the trail with lilr-m-liing
hones across Hi Western 8tnte: the
other is nearly 7.0l0 miles hy water.
throiich a riforons elimnte. or nlmostj.
4. INK) miles I'V land and water, with moun
tain pase to scale nn dangerons as those
ef the Swiss Alps.
The Alaska and California, pold fields
nre a!ike aim in heiiiR plaier mines. Placer
mining is commonly called "poor man's
niininc" for the reason that it is done
without machinery, while the implements
rei'iiiied in thp work nre few and of small
cost. A placer miner ran cet nloiiK very
well wilh a pick, shovel and jrold pan.
Jf the dirt is not rich he can neeoniplish
72
7 '
riilMPKCTIXO IN ALASKA.
better lesults hy running it through a
slnii-e Ihi, hut where the yield is in nuc
gets instead of fine gold he prefers to
"pun" it.
The Kient Klondyke strike was made
last year, hut nothing was known of It In
the United States until June 15 of the
present year, when a vessel culled the
Kscclsior arrived in San Francisco laden
with miners from the Klondyke, who in
turn were laden with sold. They told
almost incredible tales of the richness of
the newly discovered district, where for
tunes had hcen accumulated In n few
months. Kx'ierieiiced miners and "ten
derfeet" seemed to have shared pood for
tune alike, and with some justice, too,
for the credit of the discovery of the new
trold Holds is due to the inexperienced men.
A in. ther vessel liroucht to Seattle a sec
ond party of successful proapectora and a
ton and a half of Kold. These men had
endured peri! and undergone jcreat hard
ships iu accumulating the fortunes they
I'r.iiiL'lit. ami they told a story that had a
dark as well ns a hrixht side. To follow
their example means a risk of wealth,
health ntid even life, hut for those who
are willin to take the chances the prosy
wet they hold out is alluring.
The Klondykn IHstrlct.
The richest of the mines In the Alaska
region seem to lie In the Klondyke, a few
miles over the British border. They were
dicoverei. ns has been snid, by n party
ef "tenderfcot," who, against the advice
f the old-timers In the district, wondered
"over yonder in the Klondyke" nnd struck
it rich, l'lom Klondyke comes much of
ViONE HOUSE
mmimimm
TOE
the cold anil from Klondyke aeems to
come nil the excitement. A few "tender
fect," Koinrf it blind, hare stirred np the
nation. Out of the region of their dis
covery has coire. It la estimated, $2,000,
in HI worth of pold during the present sum
mer. Nearly nil of that gold has found
its wny into the United States.
It is hard to tell where the Alaska trold
fields are located except that in a peneral
way the best of them nre alone the Ynkon.
There are a few "lode" mines near Ju
nenti and a loin; the southeast const of the
territory (the nmst accessible part of it),
but the one is of low grade nnd mining is
nia.'i- profitable only by the most careful
management.
In all the immense country over which
the phu-er minimi extends it is estimated
that up to last yonr there were 2,000 min
ers. The districts in which most of them
worked vole in a broad belt of gold pro
ducing lock, through which quartz veins
rnrrylng gold occur frequently. Through
the gold bearing rocks the streams have
cut deep gullies nnd canyons, nnd in their
beds the gold which wns contained in the
rock is com cntrated. The mining of this
country consists, therefore, in washing
out the grnvel of these beds.
To Kcnc the Gold Fleldn.
The best way to reach the Klondyke
district ? One goes from Seattle by ocean
steamer nest nnd a little north, nnd pass- j
es through Dutch Harbor, nt the ex- j
tieme end of the Southwest Alaskan e
uiiiKiila. From fhere the steamer turn-
in. i th and continues on to tt. Michaels
Island, a little nhove the mouth of tbe
iikon. in ltchring Sea. At thnt pn'int
n-,Mum'irM. are transferred to the r'A'or
steamers to Is-gin the long journey tit' 'h
Yukon, which winds northward nnd east
ward, nnd finally brings the traveler to
I'awson City, now the principal totn in
the district, although sixty-five miles',r"n
'he Klondye fields.
The rost of the trip from Chicago t's
way, ns prospecting miners usually trnv'l
is V:i"l.r0. It is divided as follow'
r rom tnicngo to r-enitie tsecona cias
STl.r0; from Seattle to Dawson C'i-I
fWtt. trTTline the trip coBfs thirty da
four from Chicago to Seattle, sixtey-a
ri-ame in "in iniei s isiunu, v 'ftf ten
nn the ynkon to Iawson Citv bit 4"w
boat. The distance in general V,, is
2,.r0 miles from Chicago to Pjjip
2,M:0 miles to St. Michael's Island ni..,j
j.msi nines up tne liiKon to i'awson, a
total of nlMiiit (,(Ni0 miles.
Another wny, the ''mountain route,"
shorter in miles, but equally long in the
time it requires nnd a great deal more
dimcult. Hy this roate the traveler sails
more directly north to Juneau, which iB
Ml) miles from Seattle, and then goes by
lake and river and over the m.itintnins
1.0OO miles to the new mining territory.
The cost of the trip this wny cannot bef
detiniteh stilted lieyond .Tiinenn. because
FACTS ABOUT ALASKA.
IirnrilsPRn In 1R07 from Rus
sia for J7.2oo.onO; purchase negoti
ated by WllllHin II. Reward.
Area 111 square miles, fi31,4oTl.
ropiilatlnn (census of 1S0O), 80.320.
of whom hut 4.41H were whites. 8,400
Ksqulmsiix nnd 13.7HS Indiana.
Kstliuated present nunulstlon, 40,-
IH.
I'rlnripni cities. Bltkn (the capital),
Junenii. Wrangel, Circle City.
Trlnclpnl rivers, the Yukon (more
than 2.000 miles long), the Kuskok
wlm. the Polvllln and the Copper.
I'rtnclHl niniintnlns. Mount IJogsn.
altitude lOilV) feet; Mol'.nt 8t. ROss.
1S.1O0; Mount Wrangel, 17.(100 feet.
Oovernor of the territory. James D.
rtrmly; residence at Hltka.
l'rlnclpsl proilnetsbeslilesgolil. furs,
flsh and lumber.
l'rliiclpnl oceupatlons of the people,
hunting and fishing.
CloM first discovered In 1R70.
Kstlninted prnduet of gold to date,
X.tO.OM.OOO.
l'rnduct of gold In ISM, f4,B70mo.
Klondyke In English Is I leer River.
The river Is so designated oa the
mnps. 1
Klondyke pold fields partly In Amer-'J
linn and partly In Krlflso territory, 1
and the product Is disposed of In the 2
l niti-rt mates.
811-ne of the present excitement Is
along tne upper luknn and Its trlhu
tnrles. I dstance from Chicago to the Klon
dyke gold fields, via the Taken. Is
about O.oOD miles; via Chllkoot Pass,
atsxit 4.l" miles.
Ylme to make the trip by either '
route, thirty days.
Cost of the trip, about $300.
Travel possible only In June. Jnly
and August.
Cllmntn In winter severe In the ex
treme, winter beginning In Septem
ber. During June and July continuous
daylight; during Iiecember and Janu
nry continuous night.
nfter that point it depends somewhat on
the bnrgnin mnde with the Chilkoot In
dians, who pnek supplies through the pass,
nnd the length of time the overland pnrt
of the journey requires; but the Indinns
who net ns guldts nnd pack supplies de
not work without big pay.
FOOT
CHILKOOT PASS.
IN
(
w 1
or
IN ALASKA.
KLONDYKE DISTRICT
Dawann City.
Dawson City, the center of the new
mining region, although sixty five miles
distant from the Klondyke, is said to be a
typicnl mining town minus the puns.
The British Government enforces its laws
Dawson, and those laws prohibit the
nse of firearms, so few men carry puns.
The laws of the camp nre enforced hy
mounted police, whose captain is n civil
ofHccr. Though there nre said to be H.OOO
people in Dawson, few houses have been
built, for the principal reason that lumber
is IMI per 1,000 fi-et. The general fear
Is, of course, that there will be great suf
fering there this winter, nnd it will be in
creased, it is expected, by the rush of
tmprepaied prospectors who sailed for the
tew fields immediately on learning v.h::t
luck had befallen those who hnve but
recently returned.
To give nn acctirnte idea of the cost of
living in Dawson City, the price list of a
general btore there is herewith given:
Flour, per 100 lbs
Moose ham, per In....
Caribou niest, per lb.
IVuns. per lb.........
riie. per lb
Sugar, per II)
I'-ai-on, ier ll... ......
Iln.ter. per mil
Kggia, per dozen ,
I'.etter cges, per dozen,
Sale Vniii, r-ji
IV ftix-s, pir'D
" I'urnlp. p,.r tl ..
Tea. per ll
Cnfie,., pPr iu.... "'
rirleil fruits, per'ib"
' aimed fruits
I'cmons, each
t'raiigen, ench 'HI "
1 otiaeeo. per ih. ..
I.i.piors. per drink."
Slinvels
ricks ;
t'oal oil. pPr ga I ion.'.'.
Overalls
Underwear, per's'iiit. .'.'
olioea
lubber boots .".
$12 00
1
Ci
ht
...... "i
4 1
1 .'.li
1 .1.1
'2 ti
.$1 to 1 .'.-
li
1 III
r.u
:c
f.:
J
;.n
l in
fn
in
5 on
1 on
1 re
.1.
.';'.'.$.-,
. . i, no
to vie
IB'
! to 1.-,
t iwaciit the. w
tfti. H ex
: .i.iiiinr nnrt of the snuimer; th,
Vis continuous day and during the wr
nntiiiiu.iis. dn-ary nigni. inrvv,
const line is grenter than our At!,ntic
lioard, lint the entire popnhiti(n of whiles.
Kskimos nnd fierce ln;iniis who nre
called the Apaches,! the North, is not
mucb more than that of a ward division
in Chicago. I
In acquiring the Alaskan territory, 1
though the United States moved its con-
tor, figured In geographical mines, not in j
area or population, as far west ns San
Francisco. The ountry now extcndH
from about the Goth degree of longitude
up at the far east corner of Maine to the
122d degree np at the fnr northwest tip
of the A'uskan mainlnnd. This is taking
no account of the little island of Attn,
1,000 miles out in the I'acitic, beyond the
Hawaiian group, which, since the pur
base of Alaska, has really been our west
ern land limit. The United States, there
fore, may almost say with England that
he snn never sets on its possessions.
The Great Takon River.
The principal river in Alaska, the Yn
kon, up which prospectors have to work
their weary way to reach the gold fields,
was called by Schwatka, the Alaskan
.Vile. It rises a little more than 200 miles
ibove Sitka, in the southern pnrt of
Alaska, nnd then strikes northward, fol
lowing a broad circle to the west before
it empties into Retiring Sea through an
extensive deltn. Six hundred miles in
from the coast it is more than a mile
wide and the volume of its water is so
great as to freshen the ocean ten miles
nut from land.
The principal cities of Alaska nre .Tu
uean nnd Sitka. They nre both thriving
towns, nnd probably they will thrive
from now on, for a time nt least, as they
hnve never thriven before. Alnska in ruled
'iy a territorial governor, wlo now is .1.
i. Brady, recently appointed by President
McKitilev to sneeeed James A. Sheaklcy.
The (tovemor's residence is in Sitka.
Among the things Alnska has done fnr
this country aside from stirring up the
present gold excitement one of the most
.V.rward was to involve it in disputes with
Kugland on the boundary question nnd
the seal fisheries business. Until of these
disputes threatened war, but white-wing
ed peace settled over the situation in each
esse and brought the suggestion of that
newly invented English-American institu
tion arbitration. However, the boundary
question is not settled yet.
Tne census enumeration of lauo,
gave the population or tne tem-
iory aa 20,320, or wnora .lo were wnites,
82 blacks, l.CGS half-breed Indians and
Eskimos, 13.7S3 natives not Eskimos (In
dians), 2.125 Chinese and 8,400 Eskimos.
The number of whites hns probably been
more than doubled since then, boVever,
ns the Alaskan gold fever set in in mild
form three or four years ago. One would
hardly think of going to Alaska for th
social advantages of the place.
Neither could it be snid that a reasona
bly constructed individual would go there
Xor the climate. In winter the rhermom
Is I Si. tar.Tie- ZsK. rtr-
! MAP SIIOWISO THE ALASKA COl.T) FtKT.m
J tM falls o lew la piSM taJt to cea wil)
recogmke K that it CCs tfttK-ft to TO de
gree! r.nd lower. During all this kind el
winter : In the Yukon region little -sn
be done hot ait about a fire is a rain en
deavor to keep warn, for darkness exist?
most of the time, and the Ufa seems like
that of a man uncomfortably seated a
the bottom of a well. i '
Tip . : n f ho wi-.m'i" " t i
sometimes even a little bit hot, bat not
for long. In that time, too. there is al
most continual day, for that 'end of th
earth tif it may be so called) is the onf
hat Is pointed directly at the sun.
But as the summer brings warmth and
daylight It also brings mosquitoes. And
such mosquitoes! Creatures that buzi
and bite in such a way as to make thl
dreaded Jersey variety seem by compari
son like the silvery, angelic, sweetly, hum
ming fancies of a peaceful dream. Th
travelers who return from the Yukon re
gion tell stories of how brave and strong
men, courageous enough t undertake th
perils a journey to that country involves,
actually break down and sob In utter des
peration and despair under the tormenta
of these terrible pests. The ice and tin
"magiiiflceut distances" of the country an
not the only drawbacks to Its eipiora
tion or to journeying to the geld fields; the
mosquitoes must ever be remembered.
Of course, in the southern part of Alas
ka, where Juneau and Bltks are situated,
the winters are not so rigorous. Ther
the weather is comparatively mild, and in
summer is said to be delightful. But
Juneau and Sitka are infinitesimal as com
pared with the whole country, and they
are not an index to what is furnished far
ther up and farther inlund.
Industries of Alaska.
When travelers were asked as late na
two or three years ago what were the
principal pursuits In Alaska they replied,
of course, that fishing and hunting fur
nished ocerpation for the greater part ol
the population. What else was to be ex
pected from a population made up in thai
main of Eskimos and ludiuns? In tha
Sitka district there are magnificent for
csts and lumbering in an industry, but li
the ban en, icy north the occupation ol
the Indian wns to shoot and trap tht
bear, the fox, the otter and the other ani
mals whose fur would bring a price in
the markets of the world, to catch thi
seals a -id spear the whale and catch tht)
other fish or game that could be turned
into money. Salmon canning is the great
industry of the Kadiak district, and has
been for years.
Of lnte. however, the other industries ol
Alaska have sunk almost nut of sight bt
cause of the new gold flurry. Mining, ol
course, is the industry of the white msn
Virgin gold might have lain in pluin al'ht
e.J7
7 "T
India v nivfcn.
in the rocks to a limitless extent nn! in
all probability the Indians nj;(r"tTie Ks
kimos would never he Touched it. Food
and furs nrethe.nindard of value with
thein. fills no Eskimo stomachs and
keeps no Kskimo ImhIj- warm.
Working I'lncer Mines.
The Klondyke mines are pincers tn.
most easily worked mines of any, nnd
requiriag the least expenditure. The
methods of washine out placer gold are
known ns "sluicing" and "panning." The
former is employed where the yield is of
ordinnry value, while all old-timers pre
fer the hitter in rich ground.
7n sluicing the dirt is shoveled into the
sluice box, through which water is rapid
ly riuinins. The box is of varvin" lerth.
and Bus holes bored In the bottom. These
holes nre filled with quicksilver: the dirt.
gravel and smnll bowlders are washed
over the quicksilver, but the gold adheres
10 u. vt uen a miner cleans up, some
times every night, sometimes once a week,
the water is turned off and the sluice box
holes arc elenned out.
In panning, the dirt is put Into a golv
pnn nliotit the size of a small dishpan.
This pan is made of copper. The miner
squats beside a stream, dips water into
the pan, oscillates it with a motion that
can only be acquired by experience, and
gradually sloughs out the water, dirt,
grnvel, etc., retaining the gold in the pai,
Hold l-ing the heaviest substance, it is ol
"ourse the easiest to retain in the pars.
A pick, n shovel, a gold pan, water, nnd,
of course, some gold are the only essen
tinls of placer mining. Machinery is only
necessary In placer mining where large
areas of gronnd that yields only moder
ately are worked, and then only for hy
draulic power in washing down the dirt.
IXTFRKSTTXO FIGURES.
In England and Wales the death rate
from typhoid fever has declined from 277
ier million in 1S7 HO to in lSI-M.
Sarah Siddon's patcbhox and toothpick
brought in III at a recent miction sale;
her silver pocket nutmeg grater $211,
an. I n gold locket wilh a lock of her hair
f.Vi.
The largest order for enrpets ever giv
en for a single hotel, it is said, has lieon
given for the new -Astor Hotel, New
Vork, adjoining the Waldorf. It has 1IMK)
re vn.
A chime made of eighteen bronze tultes
arranged in two parallel rows and struck
by hammers working from a keylmnnl
has boon set up in the town hnll of I.ev
nlleis l'erret, near 1'aris. The tubes vary
in length from 4 1-2 feet to ! feet and in
weight from 5" to lot) Kiunds.
Says the Financial News: "A ten-cent
silver piece put out at 5 per cent, com
pound interest in the days of Pontius Pil
ule would to-day aggregate a sum sutti-i-ient
to buy a plnnet like ours, with all
its property, at a hundred per cent, above
its appraised value, and possibly a dozen
more."
There are no remaining public lands ia
any of the States of New England, in
New Vork, Pennsylvania, New Jersey,
Delaware, Marylund, Virginia, West Vir
ginin, nrth larolma, South Carolina,
(ieorgia, Tennessee, Kentucky or Texas.
There are 25,IHKI,IMI0 acres of public land
in hio, 37,(Jl,(iHl in Florida, 32,0OO,(MM in
Alabama, 2S,0tHj,000 in Ixinisiana, 36,00,-.
000 in Michigan and 31,(100,000 in Wiscon
sin. The other public lauds are in tbel
Western States and in the Territories.
The last pensioner of 1812 in the lowa
Nebraska district died recently.
RAM'S HQ3N BLASTS
fr'ar ninaf Note Calling th Wicked U
Kepentance.
CONFIDENCE! la
the tie of friend
shin Game worth
catching, mu6t ne
hunted.
Idleness digs
the graves ot
manhood.
The prayerlena
overdraw on the
bank of mercy ev
day. The man who
walks with God, doe not travel in a
circle.
There are too many people who only
try to be good on Sunday.
The man who walks with God, doe,
not make a crooked path.
The treasure that la raid np In heav
en first does good on earth.
The shepherd who feeds the Iambs
well, will not lose the old aheep.
When God turns the X rays of his
light on .a white lie, it It Jet black.
A dancing Christian Is never shod
with the preparation of the gospel of
peace.
There is a kind of religion that
thaws out In January and freezes up
in July.
The superintendent of every Sabb.it j
school should either look happy or dij
in the attempt.
Shrinkage in spiritual life Is not
growth, ami yet there are people who
seem to think so.
The armor of God covers only that
part of the body exposed when wet are
facing; the enemy.
The man who hsstme faith, will
sooner or Inter have m good a chance
to prove it as Daniel Had.
If we would get whotre God cnnttrun
ns to handle money,,' we wouldfnuver
have an empty pocketbnok.
The life of the ChrbHIan whoidoo
not love his Bible, Ih, never nmrlord by
close resemblance to Christ.
It should be the aim of thoJChrlsainn
to so live that the windows (of heaven
will always lie rijtht over hint bead.
When a man who gives nothing
prays for the conversion of the world,
he Is clubbing a pine treo forfapplee.
There Is Joy In heaven overtone sin
ner that ropentrth, eveiut hongtnhe has
been a member of the chkirch for bears.
Some people seem tol have an idea
that dropping a nlckelln the chtirclA
basket now nnd then,, will nickeU
plate their sin.
r
FIREPLACES OF SNOW.
winter Life In Northern Latttnees)
Han Roinn Fingaibir Fentnrn.
At the first glnnce snotw does not
look like a very proonslDg material for
a fireplace, and yet, I think I am not
mistaken in saying 'that every -n'iuter
there are huiNlrola df Area built in lire
places modeof -this '.substance, says a
writer. Iu Llppincott'si Magazine. This
is loss surprising when we stop to
think that in the part of America where
this Is done the temperature outdoors
during the. winter months seldom rises
as high asjzcro and frequently falls as
low ns 40or BO degrees below.
Aliout the end of January, or when
the sun' again appears above the hori
zon, many fnmllieslat the twx Efitfmo
villages near PointBarrow, In Alaska,
leave thelr wloterj houses and travel
inland -seventy-flvefor 100 miles to hunt
reindeer along theiupper waters of the
Inrge rivers thatflow Into the Arctic
ocean east of thelPoint. Here they en
camp in large, comfortable snow
houses, usually liig out in a solid snow
drift. Like all Eekituo winter bouses,
these are entered by means of a long,
low tunnel, and opening out of one
side of this tunnel there 1s a fireplace
built of snow slabs.
I never had a chance to. go out to the
rivers with the deer hunters, but one
winter there, was a snow fireplace built
in the Gape Smyth village, near our
station.
A young man and his wife moved
down from Point Rarrow after winter
had set In, and, ns there was no accom
modation 'for them in nnyof the per
manent wooden houses, they built
themselves a small hut Prom blocks of
snow and roofed it overt with sailcloth.
I made thorn a visit onetafternoon and
found the bouse prettjjt cold and un
comfortable, in spite offthe large stone
lamp that was burning all the time.
The entrance, tunnel was about ten feet
ong; at tne lert nanu as you entered,
and close tow he door, was the fireplace.
This was about two and a half feet
square and neatly built of slabs of
snow, with a smoke hole at the top
and a stick across at the proper height
to hang a pot on. Whentthe first fire
is built In such a firepiace.Where is con
siderable melting of the snow, but as
soon as the fire Is, 'allowed to go out
this freezes to a herd glaze of tee,
which afterward, melts only a very lit
tle. These firerifaces are nsed only for
cooking, as the) Eskimos rely wholly on
the oil lampsfor warming the dwell
lug.
Try Alsen's Foot-Vatao,
A powdev to he staaakn Into Uie shoes., At this
seAvvn ytir feet feel anvolleft and hot.fand got
111T11 entity, jr you nave smarung. leet or
tight sUs. try Allen's Foot-Ksso. It ro..ls
the fort andunakes walking easy. Cures and
lireventi' swollen and swemtlnir feet, blisters
aud ciiMone slHxts. lbtlives corna and'buniuns
o nu pain ami gives rent and commit. Try it
fiMlnu. Sold l.y all drnnnts and shoe store
fi.rim-ntc. Trial pakkAgn FKEB. Address.,
Al.LCN S.DUMSTKO, lfeR, N. X. I
l nolo Sara a Flitst Pata(r-8tanip.u
"FlOty years aajp la (July, 1847 Un-H
cle Sam Issued big . first postage-1
stamps,'
In the Ladies' . Home. Journal "In
England, sewco .years beArev Rowland
- - . , ... it
Hill, 'father of fthe pemry pst,' Intro-3
cliic-d the Sticking jMntrtcrs as the,
stamps were .'cofitcmgiroouHfy called.
John My NUes.our Potinaaer-General
at that time, tried berolcaCy, but In
vsin. Ao move Concre-w to sjuthorlze
stamps; for thlsfcoiuitry. lllssnccessor;
Oavey Johnaoent was, more, fortnnatcv
n.nrybe bill df&redwas approve! on
Mrch 3, 1847, tJry stampa not being
1 -.ued, howeven, (till Augnet, though
gii time, appotatcil was July '1. Only
ftnjb valaesi of mftv , stamps were ln
'tTxlncexl in1847 a Sve.'and n ton cent
-Lbtnip, benjruig, vresppceively, the por
trait of Fmlnikllnin a bronz tint, an4
M'nshlagtntyta bbt-fc.
I "The flrs?t;pureha)sr of tnmps in the
Vnited Stajtea wsjHenry Shaw, tie,
father of Ilwiry Wbeoler Shaw (better i
Iknown aal'Josh BlUagm' the humorist). J
31 r. Shaw; was in 1 the PoetinflMer-Oen-
ernrs office en Aingtat B, 1847, when j
Ir. Johnson etMned with the printer
rioter j
1 rom w mm ne naa.jnsr rooewea sneeuJ
of the new stamps. Mr. 1 Johnson
cd sheet fto Ml
o Mr. Shaw (for taMpectionJ
R the stampeis Jiasty glanoea
J"!
lanoeail
Me. Shaw, IperUopa- with an eye to ;
firtare fame.Vtor out hlwtallet, coont-Mf
ed one fifteen) cents aiKlPrchnBed
of 'eachvltrkty. Theflve' he kept
a amrlcatdarv. the ten' I he nmwoted
Governor Briggs aavAan appropriate
THE WAZIRia
A Wild and Warlike Tribe on the Brit
lab Indian Frontier.
A few weeks ago a strong body ot
Wazvis beat back a column of British
troops and native auxiliaries, on the
Afghan frontier of India. The Wazlris
are a tribe on the borders of ihat fron
tier, and are one of the wildest and
most war-like tribes on the frontier.
Their character has long; been estab
lished for murder and robbery. They
FTTTTETt KHAN, A TYPICAL WAZIRI.
it have In former years received niore
'than one exemplary lesson for the lm
fprovemcnt of their manners. In 1SG0
(Sir Neville Chamberlain was sent to
jpuuish them, and passed almost rlgut
Iiinruujfn 1111 iniuu. 11 mus iu -i.'-
rthat they again became troublesome,
ii.ind this led to General Kennedy being
lLent among them with a retributive
Worce. Sir William Lockhnrt had to
Sbc sent to Wazlrlstan only three years
'n go with an expedition, and at the end
he made arrangements that were ex-
lipected to preserve law and order In the
'locality. From these previous experi
ences it seems likely that these natives
.will probably receive a severe punish
oient for their most recent outbreak.
TWIN ASH TREES.
fPhtf Joined Together Fifteen Feet
Above H e Ground,
t A" remarkable twin tree growth Is
shown in the accompanying cut repro
duced from the Scientific American.
tThe. original photograph was taken by
Proh William vWerthner, of the Day
ton ltigh school. The tree stands near
Waynesvlllo, O. It Is a very symmet
rical eoalcseenccof two blue ash trees,
flv feet nnnrt nt'the ground and at fif-
teen feet above dnlng to form a per-
II A l. , U . .1 - . r, haUkl
Lonic seventy feet. Kach tree Is from
TREES OIIOWN FAST.
Kfteeli to eighteen Inches in diameter,
nd ench trunk, as well as the upper
Ubole, Ispkrfectly normal, nor does the
fork Jshowany signs of a flattening,
Bridge oroneVijded coalescence. Her ?e.
'Ithe anion, must have taken place wher
Ithe trees berc,saplings.
IndtarLpoKsMify tisethe saplings as part
of bis wlRvmno, support, and tie them
tiglrtlyXas.trAinduce a coalescence?
The size of the trees (considering the
slow ratcfof growtihof the blue ash)
seems to briake thenv antennte tne
bite settlers in 01110.
There Is am Class of People
it w no are lnjuren or tno nso oi couee. ite
Jceiltly thero has been placed Jn all the grocery
ftntM now nrnnnntSliMt enllfr,! flrnln-f rtlilde
ffot pore grains, ttist takes the
nlace of couee.
IfTbe most delicate stomach receive it without
MlMnfH. and bait few can Ml It trom roAee. It
does not nst over oniiarter a much.
(Children may drink It with greaf benefit. Jft cts
tend 2A eta. per package. Try it. Ask lor
tiraln-U.
' What was known as Maine's ddest school
ihonse, njtuatcd in West Cdrdiner, wns
destroyed by fire recently. It was built
10 years ago.
T?.T' I P'I'ITUUI
S tire dim ran tce4hy IH-J. H. MATE II loix
AHCII tT 1BJI.A.. I'A. Kasa at. once: no
oifmtlon or delMr from business. Consultation
3 ree. Kndomrnaeaits of phyanclana. ladies and
prominent cltlnau. Send lor drculun Uilica
houraH A. li. to 1 J'. M.
J letters of patent have Jurt been issued
covering the manufacture of yensf foam
from Rix-ky Mountain sage brush.
"Mnn'sllnhnmauiitytto Man
s makes conntlessJmlUions romn-n. VVe know
01 no neccer luixscraaon 01 wo aoove i)uwn
ton, than whefe man allows his wife to
wash on a wasohonrd. wbjen ho can purchase
ber a Rocker Watshor, which operates so
easily, thst it Virtually does away with ad Ihrt
hanlshlpn of washday- See advertisemont in
another column.
Tim r.... I .1 . I.. : ...
tistieian enumerates -fifty -seven frog
farms now in suecesfifal oieration" in
various sections of thej country.
wvm im.pmiwiw ihh iwinranrwrnnw
neea after llnit!dayn nmi of Dr. Kline's Great
Nerve Hestorerj$Z triahsottle and treatise fret
UavB.lL KLltf. LbUa,Arch.St,rbilPJ.
Southeastern, Europe now bos millions
iopiu wnware lar n-ss aurvunceu man
he Japanese.
Mrs. WlnnVlwn Soothi ng Fyrnptror rhtldrei
teething, softrtnaktbe Kunusredutiiifg inflamma'
Don. allays pain cures wind coliru&ca bottle
The 3,000,000 people of, Texas are en
joying three watermelons jier capita this
summer. It would take 30,000 cars to
carry the KV.OiiO.OW) melons. In prospect.
I ranjreromtnemd Piso's Cnrefor Consnmn-
tion tot.ufferersifrom Asthmn. K. D. Town-
sknd. Ot, Howaeil. WisMoj4.il8!l
1'inmpple ganlens pliuited two years:
aa;o at st. retrshurg, rln., have proved
sat suciessful that the acreage given to
thl-m has been considerably increased.
Rev. II. P. Carson. fScoUand.- fHk savsi
"Two lstles of Hall V Ctettrrh tjhre complete
lr cared my little girl." Sold byaVruggiBts. 76c.
Itoston is so well pleased with the
horseless fire engine which was recently
n.l.l.wl ... I.,., liw.Airhlini, Mininmnnl that
1 .he Fire Commission has iduoed the order
for a sinolur engine.
Over 17
have been
ittr.
,000 different kinds of buttons
lound'in pictures 01 meoiaevui
UUtSl atHiU AIL US f AILS.
SOiaWMiyrap. Tastea Uvod. VseRC
mane, now ny ornggists.
Tlff sfef Xe&F'-iS
HaW aW
HALL'S
Vegetable Sicilian
HAIR RENEWER
Beautifies and restores Gray
Hair to its original color and
vitality ; prevents baldness ;
cures itching and dandruff.
A fine hair dressing.
B, P. Ball ft Co., Props.. Nashua, N. H.
a) Sold by all Vruggisis.
LIGHT WITHOUT HEAT.
oceat Dlsoovarlea Inenra This la th
Near Fatare.
A discovery 'n aclence does not long
remain undeveloped If It has any merit
or practicability. In less than a month
from the time Professor Roentgen dis
covered the celebrated X rays Edison
and others had developed the discov
ery and adapted it to practical surgery.
Since that time the evolution of the
rays has brought them far beyond the
dreams of the discoverer, and they
have become a recognized force nnd
factor In sciences of many kinds. The
activity of our discoverers and Investi
gators in the realms of science ond the
rapidity with which their fellows take
up and develop their results, adapting
them to daily use, make even so great
a find as the rays an old story iu a few
days. We calmly accept and make use
of the results of these researches us a
matter of course, and arc apt to put
too slight a value upon the labor which
makes this possible.
The latest development of the Roent
gen discovery is the result of some ex
periments by Professor Ebert, of
Halle, and they go to show that the
raye may yet be used to illuminate
houses. By Impinging cathode rays
upon a mica mnulle painted with sul
phuric acid a very strong greenish
white light was produced. According
to a description, the lump appears to
permit a complete conversion of the
electric current Into light, the thermal
rays which absorb so much electric
energy lielng In this case entirely ab
sent, nnd the light being without heat.
Professor Ebert calculates thnt one
horse power would be sufllclent to pro
duce 4(1,000,000 Innips of slxtecn-cnnille
power each, while at present It only
produces thirteen and one-half lamps
of that power, owing to the use of elec
tric energy In the thermal rays.
From this point to that of practically
opplylnB the discovery to the lighting
tif towns and hmuvs by means of the
developed rays Is but the mntter of a
few years. The rapid application of
electricity to house lighting after Edi
son had solved tho incandescent prob
lem makes this certain. The newJiUt
will beJnrnirnsuniWy cheaper by rea
son of the saving of electrical energy
and absolutely safe because of the ab
sence of heat. The example which the
glowworm has held out to man for cen
turies will now find Its practical appli
cation In the light without heat of Pro
fessor Ebert. It remains only for the
chemist to perfect this discovery Into
one of the greatest blessings TV.'.rli
have befallen rHa2.
Washing a tine Art.
Ever since spinning was a typo of woman
ly industry, from ago to aga it has been
expected thnt beautiful apparel should
olotho women. To keep dainty belongings
In good order it is necessary to have thcin
properly laundered. This la especially true
in tho laundering of pretty summer gowns,'
which Is now quite a Ann art. To do tho
work properly, till a tub two-thirds full of
warm water, dissolve tho fourth of a cake
of Ivory Koap (which will not fado tho most
delicate colors), add it to tho water; wash
tho articles through it, rinse first in clear
and then In blue water; wring, dip in thia
starr-h, shako nnt and hang on tho linn in
tho shade. When dry, sprinkle nnd fr.in.
Gowns thus laundered will retain their
freshness the entire season.
Eliza It. Pir.sEC
You cannot speak of living when the
temperature niht and day is ion. It i
hut a mere existence. And such is life in
the valley of Peshawar, at the northwest
corner of India, in tho monthsof July and
August.
If afflicted wtth sore eves use Tr.Tsne Thorn
ion's Eyo-wator.Drugiflsts sell atUSc.per bottler
Schoolyards ltr Playgrounds. P
Under the direction of the Board of
Education of Philadelphia, twcnty-o.no
schoolyards In various sections of tho
city have been thrown open ns play
grounds for tho use of children who
cannot enjoy the luxury of n Kiinwner
at the seashore ox In the country. Tho.se
yards will remain open every week day
from 8 o'clock a. m. to 0 o'clock p. ni
except Saturdays, -when they will be
closed at noon, until August 28. in the
mornings, from 0 to 12 o'clock kinder
garten teachers will be present to In
struct the children in the useful and
healthful forms of recreation, ami the
balance of the day the lUtlo ones will
be left to themselves to dig In the mud
heaps which will be provided or to piny
ns they pleai, being irmlor the care ot
the Janitors if tho schools, who have
been sworn to as special officers, the
bettor to maintain discipline and to
deal with any roughs who may put In
an appeaxance. These playgrounds,
says the North Arnerican, will be a
godsend to the thousands of little ones
for whoso pleasure and health they
have been opened. The idea is most
praiseworthy and humane, and It will
reap a heavy reward In the fall In the
shape of many vigorous, healthy and
happy little ones who might otherwise
waste away lu the absence of some
appropriate fresh air spots whereon
they may romp and play during the
heated season.
Tho Quarrelsome Scorpion.
The scorpion Is tho most quarro-lsome
creature to the work.. Two pl:upl In
the same box will always sting iwh
other to death.
TO-
PUBLISHERS PRINTERS
The Central Newspapsr Union, Ltd.
6i4 CHESTNUT ST., Philadelphia,
Furnishes EVSachlno Composition
In English ana German.
0R NEWSPAPERS, BOOKS, MAGAZINES.
PAMPHLETS, LEGAL DOCUMENTS, ETC
Also Photo-Engraving, Line and Half Tone work. Printing in tlack
and in Colors, qnickly at Reasonable Katea.
"Good Wives Crow Fair inihe Light oi
Their Works," Especially if They Use
SAPOLIO
Ready for Saln
The Western Union tor many yrtM
had a contract with the Bell Company.
by which tne esiem r . .
sUs out ot tne leiepuouc
contract expired last fall. In anticipa
tion of its expiration, the Western
Union for ten or twelve years has been
stringing copper wires for metallic cir
cuit telephones, and now It haa nine
teen thousand stations connected bT
these copper-wire circuits. Tha 3ell
Company has only about eleven nn
dred long-dlstanco stations. Th
Western Union can put.lte-lonx-do
tance telephone system In workln or-,
der by simply attaching receiver and
transmitters to the wires it nsea for
transmitting messages-
All the doctors in the new Hospital to
Women in London are women. There are
five surgeons nniong them, and out 01
ninety major operations there Is a recora
of lint two'deuths-
Nenr Vanccburg, Ky., is an apple tree
that has lieen bearing fruit for 90 years.
NERVOUS I'liOSTRATIONe
A New Jersey Woman Expreeeoe)
Hor Gratitude to Mrs. Pink
ham for RelleC
Will you lcindly allow me," write
Miss Mary li Saidt to Mrs, Pinkham,
" the pleasure of expressing my grati
tude for the wonderful relief I have
experienced by taking your Compound?
I suffered for a long time with nervous
prostration and
general debility,
caused by falling
of the womb. It
seemed asthough
my back would
never stop ach-
w U
not sleep. I
had dull
headaches.
I was weary
all the time.
and lifo was a
burden to me.
I sought the
seashore for
relief, hut all
in vain. On
my return I
resolved to
give your
medicine a trial. I took two bottles
and was cured. I can cheerfully state,
if more Indies would only give your
mcdicino a fair trial they would bless
the day they saw tliendvertiscment, nnd
there would be happier homes I mean
to do all I can for you in tho future.
I have you alone to thank for my re
eovcrv. f.ir which I am very grateful.'
CRAIG FOR I897
Iraki's Common Foioor.
Questions
AND ASriWKK Vook. is enlarged by
the rildiliiMi of 82 pages of new mat
tr r. llealizing, moreover, llmt leach,
era demand that Question Book
rt.ifil lie op to I bo limes, particularly
in Hixl ri and Gropraphy, this work
hps been revised to 1SH7. So that tha
Ntw Ckaks contains over 8500 Ques
tions and Answers on the different
brunches cf study, arranged ns follows:
C S. History. C?eocrnpliy, ' Iteadinc;,
rhync-l ieraphy. tinuuinHr. I.citer Writing
tirtlioRrnpliv. tirtho'py nnd thnnntnglv
-Kftachlnff. .
A'cohol aniUTohacco. Civil Government,
rtiysio'otfy, Anntomy, and Hygieue
Niiturnl Philosophy,
rnrtirlplss ami Intlnltlve mad" eiwy. Writing
AlRvbis. Tcstl'r b enntn Alitebr.i,
l'arll.imentary Kules.
The Question In cunh dernrtmcnt are
niinlH-re-l. nnd like niimheis nre Riven to ihe
Answers In ctirresiioniliii d -part ent mak
ir j everv question and nniver ipilekly avait
nl.le wlien lime Is prcs-iin:;.
I'rice,
The sbnve b'K)k will bs
free to any address, ujvin
i.r,
cent p.t
receipt of
irice.
JMORWITZ &CO.,
sl 2 and 614 Chestnut 5trret.
Philadelphia
ionr.
The Rocker Washer
h9 provrd th twtat pUtnttUr?
of any Wa)Mr mr iUet " . .
th market H ia warrantoi ta
wash an ordinary famtl washtivc
HOI. K. aa clean u cm ba
waxhvl na the waahlaaard. WrU
for price and full cWcriirtsoo.
ROCKER WASHER CO.
rr. waink, ana.
iibwl ludiiciManla toliaa
FOR FIFTY YEARS I
MRS. WINSLOWS
SOOTHING SYRUP
huslKv!! uspfl hy mllllonsof mnthontforttarlr
chtum-n wiiiM lerLninKiorov.x nrtjr mi.
1 It flotvtttDS thr rhtld, eoftns the (fuiiia, allays
nil ain, euro wtni colto, and la tbe bast
ABDfl ran ba bbtM wtfr
ont thrtr knolria byt
Antt-Jkff t majrTlouq
enm for the drink hablC.
Writ I(noa OliemtraK
ro..ffiIinwilnv M T
Fnll Information (In x wmr?r) umilM fraa,
CHREVD INVENTORS! .T
J Patrnt Asin t aitvfrtiMnR prwen. nwtaK"X
patent no py." c'c. W 0o a rxanUr patrnt hwi.
r.t.ircT,.-M. Writ. nn. WATSON K. IHll.KftAN.
Sulloltor of flenl. ia F. St, MtihI"Q, I. O.
$ini, e t'mi te tianile warklaa f ar aaa.
I L 13 ifOJ 'ariie4 iirWorrfKl wtio can (tta
npn u..ru thMr w)iil time to thai lnUia.
rtll Cvi-CaV Str houni, thouKta may be prot
icablv ein.liyNl. tiofKl opening for town aal
rliy work well country rtl-lrtnta.
J.K.GlfFOIil). II U'l Mitn Streele. Rtnhroond.Va.
yMyyLfiw'' Dr.J.B. HAKRI8A00,
SILOS
MOW TO BUILD as
Williams Mfc Co. Kalamazoo Mich
PS-
1A
illlllik
IllPiii
oeuiK