riiilai
! 1
i .1
B. F. BOHWEIER,
THE OON8TITDTION-THE UNION AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAWS.
Editor and Proprietor.
MIFFLINTOAVN, JUNIATA COUNTY. PENNA.. WEDNESDAY. JUNE 22. 1892.
NO. 27.
V UIj. JlIj V 1.
1
MAY TIM E.
BY uKiCE BSOW.N.
(.i. tht' sunny, sliming Maytiine,
if the wel. dim lone ami!
Ho it blossoms from the tcrayness
In blur aii'l itolilen glow t
ji,w Its dear trres made earth. Heaven
lib their perfumed ruse and snuw i
Tnen the sky, a frrear, blue flower
l.av s. near. so near us lav,
Hiai fne dear tiod suit Ills aVgeu
town. t Join u In our play
jUi. th-se harry, sinless aiiKris?
H we need their help to-day I
AnJ the vl'lets ol that Mavtlme,
1 he were bus of blue, we said,
M.ken fiom the d;i77linir heavens
v hen the ancels danet-d o'er head;
r'.r of tuiier. sweeter llowers,
M.o had ever he ji d or read?
You may tell of Kve's fair (.aril. n.
V here the ancels went and caiuei
Jt was nauuht to our dear Filen,
t. nig In the cool, quaint lane,
Vheie the irtes told fairy stoiii-s.
And the blids sang sweet refrain.
e have said the rich, blue heavens
Lay so near : so near ns lay,
Ihat the dear (Jol sent His aneis
liown to Join us in our play;
Well: those ble-seil, happy pla mates.
Made a grave mistake one day.
ror a little, baby brother
W lib sweet eyes. Urn laiie and bi ieht
tux earth's needs, shared w ith ihnse anuels
m that day their upward fluht:
And ihev took with him, our Maytinie-
All Its blossoms ; not Its blight. '
lo we feel hard toward those angelsf
As the Maytiines come and no,
V e have learned our Elder Hi other
Must have know.i. as now vx know,
.4 the ttiorns and cross that waited.
lake the ciowu, dear; belter so.
Ah, my blessed, elear eyed brother.
I IvIiik in eternal May !
W ill you know me froni another.
When you meet me that (treat Day
Will you love me as you loved me
W hen the angels Joined our playf
BACTERIA AA'D TI1EIH WORK.
We find in the lnttr Urcun an article
by Kene liache, which gives in simple
language a great deal of scientific in
formation on an important subject. We
conld wish, however, that something
had been said upon the danger of in
fection by bacilli laden dust. In thin
eonnection we refer the reader to a
short article on another pag,, under
the caption of "Street Sweeping
Gowns."
"Bacteria are such little things
2.000.0CO of them can be found in a
single drop of sour milk that it is
wonderful what a big part they play in
the world.
Bacteria are vegetable, aud nuder the
microscope they are found to be of
different kinds. Some are rod-slinped
and are called"bacilli" meaning"lit:le
rods" on that account Others
look like corkscrews, while others yet
have the form of balls. There are thou
sands of species,andsome of them, when
they get into people's bodies, feed upon
the tissues and produce such diseases ns
consumption, pneumonia, diphtheria,
scarlet fever, cholera, and carbuncle.
But it is only a few bad kinds of
bacteria that do such mischief. Most
of them are quite harmless, while some
of them are so beneficial that the
world could not very well get along
without them. It is they who dispose
ot dead animal and refuse vegetable
matter by preying upon it and thus re
ducing it to the useful elements of
which it was originally composed. The
process called "rotting "is their work,
in fact Different species make fer
mentation, raise all the bread, turn
wine or eider into vinegar, curdle
milk or produce an acid which renders
it sour, and give to butter its flavor.
It is lucky that so few of them are in
jurious, because they swarm every
where. The air is full of their invis
ible myriads.
The harmless bacteria can be safely
eft to take care of themselves. It is
the bad ones which science is trying to
find ont about, in order to discover
how they may be fought against suc
cessfully. The easiest way to study bacteria is
by breeding them in the laboratory,
and observing how they act under va
rious conditions. Beef soup, boiled
down to a jelly, suits them first-rate as
food; so a small quantity of it is put
into a gloss bottle and corked. Then
the bottle containing the jelly is heated
until no life of any sort remains in it.
eit, the cork is taken out and the jelly
ia touched with a particle of dista3ed
flesh taken from an animal which has
died of diphtheria, say. Of course,
that diseased fragment is filled with
the bacteria which produced the com
plaint Some of them are thns trans
ferred to the jelly and at enco begin
feeding upon it, multiplying so rapidly
that within twenty-four hours there are
hundreds of thousands of them in'the
bottle. A single of them, if it got into
a cut in anybody's throat, would make
the person sick with diphtheria
It is the name way with other diseases
produced by these vegetable germs.
There is a particular species that causes
each one.
If the bacteria of consnmption, for
example, got a lodgment in the lungs,
they feed upon the tissues of those or
gans and destroy the air-cells of which
they are composed, multiplying con
tinually and breaking down the parts
until the patient dies.
At the Army Medical Mnsonm in
Washington there is, on a shelf, a
small case holding a dozen bottles
which contain, in the shape described,
an equal number of the most fatal dis
eases known to mankind. The phy
sician in charge kindly offered to give
them all to the writer in half an hour.
The breeding of these bacteria is
only the first step in the study of their
history. Having thus got a quantity
of a certain known species, the next
thing is to study and learn how they
do their disease-making work, and for
this purpose rats and guinea-pigs are
made to serve a useful turn to medical
science. For tbe benefit of mankind
these unlucky little benstsare given all
sorts of horrible complaints by squirt
ing water containing the germs into
their bodies with a syringe. From the
time they are made sick in this way to
their death, or recovery, they are kept
in confinement and studied or else
they are killed and dissected.
Many of these seemingly cruel ex
periments have an object of much
greater importance to us than mere
study ol the lives and habits of dan
gerous bacteria.
It has been found that these 1'ttle
parasites, while feeding produce a poi
sonous substance. Each species thns
makes its own peculiar poison, which
can be got in a pure state by the art of
chemistry. Once obtained, the poison
can be diluted with water and sqnirted
with a syringe into the body of a beast
or human being. Used in this way it
seems to have the marvelous effect of
making the person or creatnre operated
upon safe from catching the disease.
Babbits, after being thus treated or
inoculated with diphtheria poison, do
not take diphtheria when inoculated
with the bacteria of that complaint. It
ia the same with other diseases, the
poison of each producing immunity
Xrorn tbe trouble itself. Sot only ia
tins true, but these poison, appear to
act to some extent as cures lor ooru-
t'.11 J?- thelr ettr,y BURes- Kooh-n
lymph is a preparation of consump
tion po'son AlltUis is a very ne'w
discovery, but think of the value it
may have some day to the human
race I
It has been found oui very recently
that bacteria attack plants also. They
are responsible for not a few of the
diseases which farmers call "blights "
cansing the leaves to wither and the
fruits to shrivel.' The government
Keeps up a plnnt hospital in Washing
ton where vegetable patients of all
sorts are made sick bv spraying them
with disease germs. These latter are
obtained by breeding the bacteria from
diseased leaves on beef jelly. The hos
pital is a greenhouse, devoted to the
stnuy of Rick plants, which are all
burned finally, lest they spread conta
gion. Only very recently has it been found
out that vegetables which bear pods,
such as peas and beans, depend largely
for their productiveness upon bacteria.
These microscopic organisms enter
their roots ami form upon them wart
like lumps. They gather nitrogen from
the air and feed this important nutri
tive material to the plants. Each kind
of pod-bearing plant, has its own spe
cies of bacte ia to serve it in this fash
ion. Accordingly, after the matter
has come to be somewhat better un
derstood, it is probable that the farmer
will be able to make his beans and peat
produce niu.'h more plentifully by in
oculating them with a sprinkling ot
earth which contains the proper sort ol
bacleiia in abundance.
TO BRIGHTEN DARK ROOMd.
It must not be forgotten, iu fitting
up rooms, that the color and texturo
of the wall finish or paper has very
much to do with the results. The soft
surfaced papers, in tbe various shades
of terra colta inest affected by artists
aie simply dungeon-like when used ia
rooms in which the light is defective.
A light-colored, rather glossy surface
should therefore ;be selected, and
care should be tuken to consider
whether the room is large or small, as
upon this depends the size of the figure
and tho general result of the finished
job.
ery light paper, with bits of gold,
while not as desirable as a background
for picture and the like, is much more
satisfactory in a dull light, provided
one has anything to do but idle. The
"dim religions" is not the color for the
iudnstriona. It belong solely to art
exhibitions and quiet contemplation.
Of course, it is restful, but is not by
any means all of life. White and gold
are the most cheerful colors for ordin
ary rooms, and gold-finished papers, ii
carefully bought, are but little more ex
pecsive than some of the hideous ones
we sometimes s e. Where perns can
have rooms expressly for leisure, and
in which they may arrange the art
treasures of the bonsehold, they may
revel in terra cotta to their heart's con
tent. In this case a narrow picture
molding of gold, or, as seme prefer, ol
ebony, will be the preferred wall fin
ish. A new and rather taking style of hall
decoration is paper which, when ar
ranged on the wall, shows enormous
patterns life-size hunting scenes.land
soapes with animals, and the like.
There are revivals of the old-fashioned
cottages and pagodas, with fountains
and trees, similar to the patterns on
very old china. These are shown in
life-size, and are, of course, suitable
only for lar;e wall spaces.
The mistake of putt-.ng large figure!
into small houses must not be made.
It suggests too close quarters to be
pleasant or comfortable. ,
There are very pretty Japanese
papers, with figures, fountain, and the
qnaint characters with which we are
familiar. Some of these designs re
quire two widths of paper to give them
in their completeness, but are not large
and aggressive, like those previously
mentioned. Indeed, conventionalized
Japanese is rarely obtrusive, but is
quaint and restful, as well as illustra
tive of trie artistic and painstaking
peculiarities of this curious people.
There is a great deal of attention
just now given to wall-bteneiling. This
is very pretty as well as very simple.
A kalsomine of soft coat, about the
consistency of the last finish of wall
plaster, is pnt on, and instead of being
made smooth, as is usually the case, is
laid on rough, and if desired, may be
parted with a trowel or a stiff brush to
give still more roughness. When this
is dry or nearly 6o, the figures may be
laid on with a brush and stencil die.
A set of stencils may be obtained at
any large color shop. They come in
various figures, and are nseful for dif
ferent purposes; or one may, after ex
amining a single pattern, cut stencils
after one's .own fanrty. A wreath,
figure, flower, or any design, may be
chosen, and the cutting done on the
sumo principle as will be observed in
the purchased design. This is very
j simple, and one or two experiments
will enable tbe amateur to produce
fairly good results. Of course, prac
tice makes perfect in this as in every
thing else; but for an ordinary wall,
with ordinary material, there is no dif
ficulty whatever in the work.
A very light gray ground, with blue
or gold fleur-de-lis, will make a pretty
wall. A dado, extending np from tbe
base-board about two or two and half
feet may be put in a slightly darker
gray. An edge of overlapping leaves
as a band, next 1 to the main field of
the wall, will make a neat finish.
The frieze should be about eight to
sixteen inches Iroru the ceiling down
the wall, depending on the height of
the room. A very high ceiling will
permit a much wider frieze than a low
one.
It should always be borne in nind
that the lower portion of the wall
should be in a darker shade than the
upper portion; that is, if there is any
I difference at all. Otherwise the room
will have an npside-down lo.ik, which
is very difficult, if not impossible, to
manage in an artistic fashion. A'cw
York Ledger.
The experiments made at Cornel.
University and in France to ascertain
the effect of the electric light upor,
vegetation have demonstrated ill
wonnderful property of greatly stimu
lating almost every variety of vegetable
life. The colors of flowers are intensi
fied, and an increased yield of fruiti
and vegetables of neariy 100 per cent
has been obtained without diminishing
the odor of the form- r or the flavor ol
the latter.
Washington himself had been a
sinking Instancs of precocity In tb
public service, for he was appointed
ailjutai.t-general of the Virginia troops
at nineteen, at twenty-four received
the chief command of tin Virginia
forces, and was bat forty-threa when
he took command of tbe American
Army at Cambridge.
SIGNS OF RAIN.
"I knew it would rain." said t he farmer's girl,
"vi hen I .ooked at the morning glories.
For their bells have beeu open the whole day
long.
And they're Bowers that tell no stories."
"1 knew it would rain." said the fanner's boy,
"Because of the cirs I could hear them.
Though so far away they rolled over the rails
As plainly as It 1 was near them."
1 knew It would rain," said the farmers wife,
"For the sound of the wind was so uollow.
And when the wind's moaning aud sighing
that way.
Why, a rain storm Is sure to follow.
"1 knew It would rain," said the farmer him
self, "For this reason the old barnyard nuinp Is
So damp that to-day It was not primed at all,
And It's gen'rslly dry as a stump Is.''
"1 knew it would rain," said tha good grand
mamma,
"Whed I saw our old tabby cat playing.
For when cats at ber age like their own kittens
. pay.
lawk out for wet weather, I'm saying."
And so when the rain Just at twilight came
down.
And the wind, with a splash and dash threw
It
'Gainst tbe doors and the windows, each sign
was recalled.
And every one said, "There 1 1 knew it."
Young Churchman.
NOTES ON CURRENT SCIENCE,
INVENTION. AND DISCOVERY.
TBK "aVIATOH, AN ARTIFICIAL BIRD.
The problem of aerial flight by some
form of bird-life mechanism continues
to fascinate many really clever scientif
ic theorists, some of whom have un
doubtedly achieved success on a small
scale. The latest form of artificial
bird, or "aviator," is that constructed
by M. Onstave Tronve, and receutly
exhibited by him before the Paris
cademy of Sciences. M. Trouve's no
tion was to provide a motor which
should itself contain both the genera
tor of the power to be used and the
propeller, and this combination he
claims to have achieved. He employs
for his purpose an adaptation of the
flexible Bourdon tube, with recurrent
explosive detonations in the tube whieh
give the desired impulse to the organ
ism. In the inventor's own language,
"If we etuse a series of alternately
sondensed and dilated pressures in the
Interior of the tube, the latter will un
lego a series of oscillations powerful
ri brat ions utilizable as a motive
power." For the purpose of still
further increasing the energy of the
tube, and also for diminishing tbe vol
ume of the chamber in whioh the ex
plosions of the detonating mixture
take place, M. Trouve hs fitted in the
interior a second tube similar to the
first This addition increases the elas
tic force of the gases engendered, one"
at the same time diminishes the con
inmption of the combustible.
We now come to a description of the
"aviator" itself. To the vibrating ex
tremities of the tn be are fixed directly,
but with a rotary motion, the wings a
ind b of the apparatus. The lowering
of the wings corresponds to the con
densed pressures, and their elevation
to the dilated pressures. The chem
ical combination ntilized is the oxida
tion of hydrogen. This gas is easily
and quickly obtained in large quantity,
even in a pure state, and oxygen, its
eombnstive, is found alreaiy prepared,
so to speak, in the atmosphere. The
artificial bird (or aviator-generator-motor-propeller,
as the inventor styles
it), like the genuine bird, thus draws
i I t - part of its aliment from the
t.e.
The starting is effected in the fol
lowing manner. The aviator (fig. 2) is
suspended by a threal from the arm
of a support, and the pendulum thus
formed is moved from the vertical, and
is held by a second thread against the
support. Two candles, one of them
(ai movable, and the other (b) fixed,
placed in the vertical of the point of
attachment, serve to set fire to the two
threads. If, with the first flame a, the
first thread be burned, the aviator, like
the Foncault pendulum, will begin an
oscillation. It will move from the
position 1 to the position 2 in describ
ing an aro of a circle; but having
reached this point, its acquired veloc
ity is horizontal, and the flame b will
burn the other thread. The hammer
at liberty immediately falls, the cart
ridge explodes, the tube vibrates vio
lently, and consequently the wings
strike the air energetically on lower
ing. At the same time the aviator
leaves the original horizontal plane,
and, owing to the inclination of the
tail, takes an ascensional motion, that
ia to say, the position 3. Then the dis
engaged gases escape into the atmos
phere in a direction opposite that of
the motion, and exert a force of reac
tion. The vibrating tube resumes its
original form, and the wings rise a
little more slowly than they descend
ed. The magazine, moved forward by
its clockwork, promptly brings a cart
ridge to the hammer, which drops and
causes a second explosion, and the
same phenomena occur again in the
same order.
During the third, fourth, and follow
ing explosions np to the twelfth, the
aviator travels a horizontal distance
comprised between 245 and 2C0 feet, in
struggling against gravity and progres
sively ascending. Finally, having
reached the end of its flight, the avia
tor does not fall perpendicularly, but
the wings are kept ruised by tho ap
proaching of the branches of the tube
and by the silk aerophane, c (fig. 1),
whose surface is proportional to the
weight of the apparatus, and which
acts like a parachute, so that the appa
ratus descends obliquely and sl!wly to
the ground. Tho acrophane, repre
sented by dotted lines, connects the
rudder with the bend, the first joint of
the wings, and the tail of the avia
tor. TTpon the whole, M. Trouve con
siders his apparatus as the lightest
aviator that it is at present po Bible to
construct. Its weight does not exceed
7i lbs.
It will be seen thnt M. Trouve's fly
ing machine is upon a small scale, and
far less ambitions than many schemes
which have preceded it This indeed
is one of the inventor's claims to atten
tion. Whether it will really advance
the complicated science of aerostatics
in one or more of its problems, and
prove to be tbe forerunner of scme
tbing still more successful, remains
to be seen. In any case the somewhat
palfeontological form he he has given
to his "aviator" ia decidedly interest
ing, suggestive as it is of "dragons of
the prime" and other antediluvian
forma of reptilian origin, with the
wings of the pterodactyl and the long
neck of the plesiosanrus.
A gimlet-pointed screw has pro
duced more wealth than most silver
mines, and the Connecticut man who
first thought of putting copper tips on
the toes of children's shoes is as well
off as if he had inherited $1,000,000, for
that's the amount his idea hap realizM
for him in cold, clammy coin.
More Paper Novelties.
BT BLLWOOO JOaNSOM.'
tO MAKE A PAIR Of BELLOWS OCT Ot ft
bUEET or EWSPAPKR.
Soruetimes young people are out for a pie
nic, and it is useful to be able to extemporize
a pair of bellows to blow up the fire. TIlit
article can be constructed out of a sheet ol
newspaper, thus :
Lay a sheet of paper flat, lift up the right
hand bottom corner and fold it against the
left aide, then cut away the piece over, al
the top. If this operation is executed
neatly and carefully, you have a perfectly
square piece of paper.
9 1
Now fol J the paper (Fig. 1) from t to I
and untold and fold again from c to D, which
will make creases tbe term of a St Andrew'!
cross.
Then with your thumb jnd nnifer of each
hand nt the back of the i.iper, take hold of
each of the points, E, and slide up the edges
of the paper from a to D aud c to B ; you
will then have the paper In the form of
Fig. i
Now fold the corner, a, down to , tha
game from c to E ; then, on the other sida, o
to E and B to E, and you will have the papec
tn lh f oi in of Fig. 3.
Now pinch together the comers, o, r, and
fold in the shape of the dotted lines over the
sides, H, b, against the line E r, and repeat
a similar manipulation at tbe bock, and get
the form like Fig. 4.
Now, If you take hold of the handles, P.
1, front and back, with both hands, and pull
ulward and depress tn inward, you will ob
ain a draught of wind at L resulting In a
,-apital pair of bellows.
BOW TO FOLD A PURSE OUT OP PAPER.
To make a purse out of paper used to dw
great feat when I was a boy, and consider.
3d secret and diflicult; but 1 think, if you
will follow my description closely, with a
little patience and practice you will very
soon be able to conquer what appears to be
complex. Take a square sheet of paper,
fold it horizontally in three equal parts from
top to bottom, unfold ac;ain, and repeat the
folding from side to side, rubbiug each fold
well with a paper-knife. Then fold the pa
per in two from a to n, unfold, and fold
from c to D, still using the paper-knife well.
The paper, when again unfolded, ought to
exhibit the creases marked iu tbe diagram
Fig. 1.
ng4
Now take the paper with each hand and
Flinch at the corners D, A, c, B each separate
y as far as the square in the centre. Now
turn d to the right and c to the left manipu
lating In a similar manner B and A, so as to
form fig -re like the diagram Fig. .
Having got so far satisfactorily, turn over
to B c to d, E to P, and turn over o and
iDstt the point In trie opening at H, wbhrl
will fasten aud finish the purse, like Fig. 3.
rv
FA RENT ATj CRUELTIES,
It haa long bt en the fashion among
English tourists in America to re
buke, or to ridicule, as the case Kay
be, tbe American habit of what the
tourist pleased to call "spoiling" the
shildren. No doubt we do sometimes
3tnt to onr children more and greater
liberties and indulgences than are good
tor them: but thia, we contend, is far
letter thau tbe prevalent English cus
tom of treating children as if they were
3onvioted and hardened criminals.
Tl at this charge ia not too itrong a
iue is proved by the late startling re
port of tbe English "Society for tbe
Prevention of Cruelty to Children,"
ind supported by the observation oi
every Amerioan who has long resided
in England.
The details given of the many cruel
and malignant punishments inflicted
upon children by inhuman parents are
sickening in their character. Children
ire not only abused and caused to suffer
by the neglect of parents, but a system
atic course of torture haa been pursued
in many instances that one would
scarcely believe probable among the
most barbarous of savages. And this,
too, in civilized, enlightened London
tbe metropolis of a nation that boasts
its prowess and culture among the
great powers of the earth.
In this report attention is called to
the case of Airs. Montague, recently
sentenced to imprisonment for the
murder of one of her children, as the
result of a most barbarous and cruel
punishment It is claimed that her
ea.' e is by no means an isolated one,
but that there are many Mrs. Mon
tagues throughout England. It ap
pears that this cruelty toward children
is not eonGneJ to the lower strata of
society, where ignorance and vice walk
together hand in hand. But some of
the most revolting acts of cruelty have
been found in families of affluence,
among those who walk in tbe highest
circles, and who make great preten
sions to aristocratio tespeotability.
The most shameful disclosures are
made in this report Clergymen,
officers, barristers and others have
been visited by the agents of the So
ciety to check the cruelties tLey prac
ticed upon their helpless children.
The report relates a number of In
stances in whioh the moht atrocious
tortures were inflicted by this class
upon their offspring. Among these
tortures are mentioned that of sticking
pins in them, burning their flesh with
lighted matches, breaking the bones of
two-year-old babies, and a number
of inhuman deeds of a smilarol aracter.
The report relates an instance where a
boy six years of ago was tied with a
rope and dipped into a canal repeated
ly until exhausted. Other instances
were that of confining a ch id in a
cellar until its flesh turned green, ty
ing cords around tbe thumbs of a child,
and leaving a babe in a cradle for
weeks until toadstools grew ont of the
filth that surrounded the little sufferer.
Some of the instances named in this
report are almost too horiible to be
lieve, yet we are bound to accept its
truth as an official account of the ex
perience of the Society in its humane
work. And thie is a phase of English
scciety the nation that boasts of its
attainments in all that contributes to
an advanced civilization. What a
travesty on morality aud culture is de
veloped in these shocking relations!
WORLD'3 FAIU NOTES.
A typographical map of the Gettys
burg battlefield and models of the Cen
tennial Exposition, and of Independ
en 'e Hall, will appear in the Pennsyl
vania exhibit. A publio spirited citizen
Will contribn'e the first named, and the
city of Philadelphia will furnish the
last two. The scheJule of exhibits
adopted by the state Worlt's Fair
board, indicates that Pennsylvania will
make a very extensive, complete and
interesting showing.
The horticultural display at the
World's Fair will be bewildering in ex
tent and marvelous in beauty. The ex
hibit will possess great scientific and
educational value, but to the ordinary
visitor its ornamental features will be
the most striking. Indeed, it will play
an important part in the adornment of
the great Exposition. While in almost
every part of the Exposition gronndt
maybe seen gratifying evidences of the
very eflicieut work of the Horticultural
Department, the central point of inter
est will naturally be in the exhibit in
the Horticultural building. This struc
ture is 993 feet long and has an ex
treme width of 250 feet Its plan is a
central pavilion with two end pavil
ions, each connected with it by front
and rear curtains, forming two interior
courts, each 88 by 270 feet Surmount
ing the central pavilion is a beautifully
proportioned dome, 187 feet in diam
eter and 112 feet higb.
Tbe courts of the Horticultural build
ing will be filled with orange groves
from California and Florida, respec
tively. In each there will be not less
than 160 trees, each bearing about 200
bright, ripe oranges. Thus an inter
esting comparison may be made be
tween the oranges of the two States as
to size and flavor, eto. The conrts
will also contain growing specimens of
lemons, limes, bananas, eta Cali
fornia would like to make a much
larger display than will be possible,
j.nd applied for about fifty times as
much space as conld be assigned.
The New York Exposition board it
r lining to shew in its State building
au exhibit illustrating completely the
art history of the State. An effort will
be made to have every New l'ork
artisr, painter, sculptor, etcher and
engraver of talent, from the earliest
recoi d, represented.
The German "village," for which the
Exposition authorities granted a con
cession some time ago, will oc -opy a
space 225 by 780 feet on Midway Plais
ance. The features of the exhibit are
a medieval German town, with a
market place and town hali, whioh will
contain the German ethnographic
museum. Around the town will
be farmhouses from different sec
tions of the German empire
occupied by natives. In a
medieval German castle there will be
a restaurant presided over by caterers
from Berlin. Ancther interesting
feature of tbe town will be an ancient
monastery establishment There will
be large concert gardens, in whioh
about 8000 people can ait at tat les,
while two German bands will play.
The construction work haa been in
progress for several weeks at Frank-fort-on-t
he-Main. The contractors are
Phillip Holzmann & Co., the builders
of the imperial palace at Strasburg
and many other celebrated structures
in Germany.
The English admiralty authorities
will send to Chicago models of a num
ber of modern English wax vessels.
THE LITTLE BROWNIE MAN.
There's sand upon the pirlor floor.
There's mu I np.Mi the 4Tnlrs.
And finger ui.irks uuoti the door,
And ou luy gild' d ihalis.
A charcoal sketch adorns the walk
In bedioom, kitchen, hall.
Ar- scene In pencil, pe.i and chalk
On window till and wall.
And wheu I ask ' Who can it b
That nld all thl-T" w .,t. then,
A boyish treble answer- me
"1 uess 'twas bronuie Mao!"
Be weeds the garden lhs spooo.
Anil cuts old L'arl i s hair.
And from a pun.pKln cartes a mnou.
And bangs it iu mid air.
1 find him standing on his bead
Before the mirror tall.
And playing on my freb-dressed bets
WHO kitten, do and ball.
And when I chide, he huis ms so
(Resist him ah, who caul)
Aud says. -Why. mamma, uon't you knowl
1 Is a Brownie Maui"
Aud when at night tbe house Is still.
And be is sale tn bed,
I pray. "Dear l. rd, keep from all lil
And bless this busy head;
And make me patient, still tn be
With every bo) ish plan!"
For what would life be wortU to m
WlthLUt my brownie Mauf
-Am mi Locisc BHAKEKHibtiS, in tht Horn-
ifuacer.
HOW ALICE SPENT TWENTY
F1YE DOLLARS.
Twenty-five dollars! what a lot of
money I what a heap of it!" shouted
Alice, in a little ecstasy, which she
couldn't possibly restrain.
There was no need of her tryirv to
restrain it Twenty-five dollars is a
sum of money which does not come
every day even to rich boys and girls.
And to Alioe Brown it bad never come
atalllefore. Not even once, indeed,
she had never known the time when
she had more than a dollar. And to
have twenty-five dollars, all her own,
all at one time, all to spend as she
pleased, or not to spend if she pleased,
was enough to quite turn her head.
It was too good to believe.
"Are you quite sure?" asked Mrs.
Brown of Mr. Brown. "Quite sure
she'll get it? That there's no mistake
about it?"
"Quite sure," replied Mr. Brown,
showing her a letter. "Lawyer Wise
man has just written. You know Alice
was always a favorite with Miss Plimp
kins." Miss Plimpkius was au old lady who
had lived in the Brown family for a
year or two when Alice was a small
child, and she had been very fond of
Alice indeed. Now she was dead, and
she had left Alice a present in the
shape of twenty-five dollars.
"What'll yon do with it?" asked Mr.
Brown of Alice. "WhatH you do
with so much money?"
Alice was sitting at the table with a
piece of paper and pencil in her hand.
She was trying to tbinf how twenty
five dollars would look. She was won
dering, when the money rame, whether
she would like it in two tens and a five,
pr five fives,or twentj-five ones. She
was just deciding on the twenty-five
ones, because they would look so much
bigger than the others, when her father
spoke.
"That's what I'm thinking of!" said
Alioe with sparkling eyes. "There aro
so many things!"
"Yes," said Mrs. Brown, "so many
things. Only be snre and get the
right ones."
"There's no danger I" cried Alice,
flying out of the room up stairs to
look over her col ection of valuables.
And to tell the truth there wasn't
much danger, for Alice had had so
little money she know how to value it,
and wouldn't be likely to spend it fool
ishly. But anyway, foolishly or not, Alice
began to tpend the twenty-five dollars
right away.
In her own room Alire saw a little
Bhelf of books with faded covers, and a
few cheap prints without any frames;
in one of tbe bureau drawers was a
scanty lot of ribbons; and the one
plain gold ring her father had given
her looked very, very plain to ber just
then.
"l'il have some books the first
thing!" said Alice to herself; and she
immediately took down three or four
of the oldest ones to make room for
"Grimm's Tales," "Les'ie Gold
thwaite," and the rest of Mrs. Whit
ney's books, and Alioe's Adventures in
Wonderland." She had always won
dered what that other Alice's adven
tures could be.
"There!" she exclaimed, with her
head on one side to get tho effect of
the new bindings better. "You're
mine after all."
.Next I'll have a picture!" and Alice
looked quite di; approvingly at the old
prints that hncg on the walls. "Let
me see! that large picture they called
'Penelope!' I'll have that"
To toll the truth, the lovely face of
little "Penelope" in her qnaint cap
had never once gone out of Alice's
memory since she saw it hanging in the
art storo in all its magnificence of blue
frame. How she had loved it and
longed for it I But it had been as far
beyond her reach as the moon. She
had not even dared to ask the price of
it.
"This is tbe best place for it," said
Alice, taking down one of the old
prints, and deciding that the new
comer ahould hang there. And she
actually kissed the imaginary "Pene
lope" in an intense little rapture of
admiration.
Then she went to her bureau and
opened her ribbon drawer. What a
poor little collection of ribbons it was,
to be sure!
"Sow I'll have a cardinal-red sash!"
cried Alice, and her heart fairly
bounded and sang i'h the newnes
nd splendor of th idea. She took
out an old roll of cheap ribboD, very
narrow and faded, and tied it round
her to see how many yards of tho car
d'nal it would take. She turned round
and round before the glass to make
snre.
"Splendid 1" cried Alice, dancing np
and down the room, quite the same as
though she had the sash on. "Oh,
yon dear Miss Plimpktns!
Just then her mother opened the
door and looked in. "What's the
matter, dear?" asked she, hearing tbe
noise. "Come, Jenny Allingham bps
come to spend the afternoon with
you." So Alice took off the narrow old
ribbon, and ran down to see hrr friend,
just as if nothing had happened jutt
as if she hadn't been buying books and
pictures and ribbons.
Late in the afternoon, when the two
girls had swung and played games and
beaten each ether at croquet, they sat
down in a snug oorner of the piazza to
talk.
"Jenny," began Alice, very mys
teriously, "if yon had twenty-five dol
lars what would yon do with it?" She
hadn't said a word about it before, and
s'-e dn't tell now. "I'm only sup
posing, yon know," said she.
"Twenty-five dollars!" exolaimed
Jenny, in astonishment, for she ha A
never had half nor a quarter that sum. I
"Why, I'd get heaps of things."
"Yes, I know," urged Alice, "but
what; just tell what!" So Jenny be
gan to think.
Why, I'd get a hammock," said
Jenny fioally,wno was rather slow to
suggest when she was actually pinned
down to it"
"Oh yes, I never thought of that!"
exclaimed Alice, and she instantly had
a vi-ion of a girl about her own size
lounging in a hammock and reading
the "Adventures in Wonderland."
"And a neoklace," continued Jenny,
"such as Mary Devine wears. Gold,
with the loveliest blue locket on it."
Alice's eyes shone, bnt she pnt down
the temptation.
"Or a beautiful cabinet like May
.Rogers'. Her aunt brought it her
from N ew York, and it's just the love
Hist thing," sighed Jenny. "les, "said
Alice admiringly, but tell about some
thing cheaper; something that don't
cost so much."
v hy, tl.ere's plenty of 'em. Kings
and work boxes, and thimbles, and tea
sets, and fans and everything," named
Jenny, quite promiscuously, and
pouncing upon each article trium
phantly. ' Yes, thank yon, that's enough,"
said Alice, a perfect whirl of magnifi
cent iu'eas going through her head.
But Alice was a generous girl, and
that nitfht she thought half-reproach-fully,
"1 mustn't spend it all for my
self, though. There's old Annt Patty,
she it. e.sn't hare half enough to live
on. I'll spend five dollars of my money1
for her."
So Alice's mind started off at once to
buy presents for Aunt Patty a calico
dress, a pair of slippers, a pound of
tea, and ever so nipny smaller things
for the old woman's comfort Her
imagination even went so far as to
carry the packages home, and fancy
the solitary old soul qnite overwhelmed
with tbe number and magnificence of
her gilts. "Lor" bless yer, ohtle," she
heard her exclaim, "Don't gib me any
any mo! Yer won't hab nuffin left"
and Alice went off to sleep with the
gratitude and gladness of the poor col
ored woman warming her heart as not
even the cardinal sash or Jenny's shin
ing necklace had done.
A few days later Jenny Allingham
came running in to see Alice.
"My pa's going to the Centennial!"
cried she. "And he's going to take
me! I wish you could go with nal"
Poor little Alice! she fairly trembled
with the excitement of the idea. In an
idstanr, down tumbled the new books
aud the lovely Penelope; the bright
sash faded out, with all tbe other
beant'ful things, and even poor old
Annt Patty was quite forgotten.
"Oh, if I only could go!" exolaimed
Alice, dashing out of tne room to tell
her mother.
But then" she thought "The
monoyl Tisn't paid yetl And they
wouldn't wait!"
So she had to tell Jenny she couldn't
go; bnt the new idea set ber imagina
tion on fire, and for a week Alice did
nothing bnt read about the great fair
at Philadelphia. She looked np all
the old papers that gave accounts ot it,
ond silting in her own little room at
home, wandered with the newspaper
reporters through the vast buildings in
Fairmonnt Park, and saw the thou
sands of wonderful, beautiful and use
ful things collected there.
But reading about the great exhibi
tion so much set her thinking about
the different countries represented
there, and Alioe began to travel
Away over the seas sailed her thoughts,
to Europe, and Japan, and India. She
rode the beautiful Btreets of Paris,
climbed the old Tower of London, saw
tbe glorious cathedrals, and sailed on
Lake Geneva. Then the oranges she
ate! the spices she smelled and the
sandalwoods! the queerly dressed
people she saw. and the oddly-built
houses!
For a time Alice went abroad in this
manner regularly every day, and every
day sne bronght home a cargo of pre
cious things. But wherever she went,
and whatever she saw she never for an
hour forgot the twenty-five dollars.
"I wonder when it'll be paid!" said
she, one morning about a month after
her father hai received the letter.
Jut then her father ctme in from tbe
post office, and he bad a letter in his
haud.
"it's from Lawyer Wiseman," said
he, looking at Ali?e.
"Oh. goody, goody!" shouted Alice.
"The money s come!"
"No, it hasn't," said Mr. Brown,
soberly; "it hnsn't come, and it isn't
coming. Miss Plimpkins' friends
didn't like the will, aud they've broken
i ;" and he threw the letter down on
the table.
This tti thunderbolt indeed.
"Oh! ob! oh!" groaned poor Alice,
and the tears dropped down her cheeks
in a perfect shower.
"NVver mind, my dear, cheer np,"
said Mrs. Brown, who was sadly disap
pointed too. "Chet-r npl you're ai
well off as yon were before."
But Alice wouldn't cheer np or be
comforted. It wa too sudden, too un
expected, too dreadful. But the next
morning when Alice woke, the sun was
shining, the birds were singing, and
the day was very beautiful. A beauti
ful day does something to make one
happy.
': I am as well off as I was before,"
said Alice at the breakfast table.
Yes," replied her mother, smiling,
"you are better off."
Alice looked np inquiringly.
"You've had so many pleasant
thoughts, you know," explained Mrs.
Brown.
Alice remembered the new books
and tho lovely '"Penelope," anil she
smiled back again.
"And the sash!" added her mother,
who bad seen ber with the old ribbon
round her waist
"Yes," said Alice; remembering how
she had loved the color and tbe soft
ness and the shino of the silk girdle.
"Then all the beautiful things Jenny
Allingham told about!" thought she.
"And the presents for Aunt Patj
suggested her mother. "Poor tbingl
she'll never know how happy yon mide
her."
Mr. Brown hadn't beard about this,
bnt he bad seen Alice reading abont
the exhibition in tbe papers. "Yon
almctt went to the Centennial, too,
didn't yon?" said he.
"And to Europe!" shonted Ali"e,
who vras now almost glad she had been
disappointed.
'All this for twenty-five dollars 1'
cried Mrs. Brown with enthusiasm.
"And a twenty-five dollars that nevei
camel" added Mr. Brown triumph
antly. And poor Alice wildly clapped hei
hands, declaring she should never,
never again spend twenty-five dollars,
so delightfully. Jknkt Bubb in Wid
Awake.
NEWS IN B1UEF.
There are a? id to be 21,000 kinds
ar butterflies.
One pound of cork Is amply suih
elent to support a man of ordinary size
in tbe water.
A North Carolina woman only
learned to write after she bad pasei
tbe age of eighty-two.
Xo chemical black Ink has vet been
tnadw which wdl write black lmnie
rllately on exposure.
The combined debts of all tbe
Nations in tbe world amount to more
than $30, 000,000, 0C0.
Patsy Sears, of Howard County,
Ind., aged 108 years, bas been a church
member a huudred years.
Except In cooking their scanty
meals the iocr Italians seldom have a
Sie in the seveiest winter weather.
Cornell University haa opened a
dairy school, where chef se and butter
making breeds and feeding are the
subject for study.
The agricultural society of Paris lb
iTnerimentinff In the makino- of artfli-
cial clouds to preserve plants from tbe
enocia ot rrost.
Some of the African tribes pull
their fingers till the joints "crack" as a
form of . salutation, acd one tribe bas
the curicj fashion of showing friend
ship by standing bick to back.
The bones of Jumt o, Barnum'a
big e'.epbant, that was killed a few
years ago at St. Thoma,, Canada,
weighed even 241)0 pounds. Tbe total
weight of the body, bones and all, was
six tons.
The law of evolution works in lan
guages as well as In other things.
Twenty thousand words bave beeu
added to the English language in tbe
department of biology aloue since Dar
win's discoveries.
A double bodied lamb bas made ils
appearance in Pilot Knob, Ind.. and is
owned by Alexander Richtie. Its head
and neck are perfect ; but altacbed to
the head are two perfect bodies, which
bave two sets of legs.
The chemical inks of the present
are of too receut Invention to determine
whether they will last, but it is quite
probable that most of them will be us
legible at the end of fifty or seventy
five years as they are to-day.
G. Bounler, Professor of Botany at
the Paris Sorb?nne, disputes the preva
lent notion that the mistletoe is injur
ious to the apple or other tree on which
it grows. He maintains not only that
this is not the case, but that It is actually
beneficial to its best.
Not until tbe tenth day Is the
Zunl child put into the cradle. The
aaby's arms are placed by Us sides, and
it is so strapped In it) cradle that it
cannot move a band. These cradles
bave hood-shaded tops, and over the
whole thick coverings are placed, and
it is a wonder the child does not
smother.
In England in tbe reign of Edward
IV., 1431, riders on iosi-horses went
itages of the distance of twenty milee
from each other, In crder to procure the
king the earliest intelligence of the
events that passed in the course cf the
war that had arisen with the Scots, and
Pichard 1 1 J. improved the system of
couriers in 1433,
A stenopiirapher In a circuit court
in Michigan the other day wrote from
dictation 321 woidi of unfamiliar
matter in one minute. This is at the
rate of five and a half words In a sec -and.
Auctions in Japan are conducted
much like American primary elections.
The bidders write ti.elr bids and names
on Flips of paper.whicli are put into a
Dux for the auctioneer to open.
It is not everybody who kno vs
that, besidi s the ordinary fruits that
are ra'sed In Florida, the pineapple
irowg very well there,while the fig, the
pawpaw, the guava and sapodilla grow
3nely.
A vessel has been designed in Engr
.and which contains some quite novel
features. It is a double-ended craft to
item either way and ram with elthei
and. It Is also to be fitted with supple
mental rudders.
Last week a copy of Audubon'k
"Birds of America" was sold in London
for f 1725. This is a work which ii
Bteadily rising in value, for it rarely
comes into the market, and the last
copy which had changed hands realized
81500.
Every stag that falls in a Scottlsl)
forest, It has Wen calculated, costs tut
irssee from 8175 to $250: but, as what
Is termed "butcher's meat," these ani
mal:, if placed on the market, would
not yield to those who kill them more
than 12 cents per pound.
The results of tbe great Japanese
earthquake in Gifu-ken, where the
damage was greatest, are thus oflicially
summarized: 439 deaths, 12,314 per
sods wounded, 44,203 dwelling housed
completely and 21,378 partly demolish
ed, 2 'J, 379 damaged, aud 4159 burned
alter collapse, in addition to 1744 other
buildings demolished or damaged.
The average weight of fat steers at
tbe age of five years in London and
Liverpool market in 1706 was 310
pouLds. In 1755 It had incteased to
482 pounds, and in 1S31 to 650 pounds,
while to-day the average weight is 125 i
pound.9, fcur times what it wa3lSI
years ago.
There is now playing In Paris a
Russian horn b?iul, each born beln
capable of producing a single n te ouly.
So perfect is the training that the band
produces the effector oneequlpped with
ordinary instrumenls.and even runnirg
scales with the rapidity and precision ol
a violin.
Bes will never thrive in a qnarrel
some family. Many think that bees
only thrive when they are stolen, w hile
it la generally considered unlucky to
purchase bees, and that the only way to get
them If they are to do well is to
have them given, catch a wild swarm
or to steal them, leaving some goods in
exchange.
Carl Hagenbeck, of Hamburg, the
celebrated dealer in wild animals, will
take to Chicago his entire collection ot
trained and wild animals, a'so his col
lection in naturals history. A structure
in the form of a Roman arena will be
erected in the Midway Plai nance on
space 110 feet square, where some
seventy animals and several hundred
monkeys and parrots will be shown.
The wildest Leasts living togethet
with domestic animals, will go through
all Eorts of performances.
Every one in this world tins bis oi
her share of troubles and trials. Let us
then try as n n:h as we are able not to
increase the burden of any by as mucb
1 as tbe weight of a straw.
! !
L.
7