rpsis
UK
Y
B. F. BOHWEIER,
THE OONSTITUTION-TH E UNION-AND THE .ENFOROEMENT OF THE LAWS.
Editor and Proprietor.
VOL. XLT.
MIFFLINTOWJS, JUNIATA COUNTY. PENNA.! "WEDNESDAY. MARCH 4. 1891.
NO. 11.
11
IX CIU KCIL
1 .u.l.lcii ibifling liut that paints
Yoar dead white brow and dtad gold hah
Couks ftwa tQe T3'x ot glldd
The pupi.t iu th window there.
That wuUh and kevp you free from harm.
So the iburth teucbes you to say ;
But ill the trite could scarcely chartn
Your uJIouj tihteousuess away.
(netthou!J you know of love and bate?
Yoa are like one of those who bore
full lamp at watch t.:ne, fain to wait
Till ChrUt should piill lUffl through th
door.
Will sat:ilcd Slid well content,
You ice s,iiic n 1th their lamps gone out,
Luc!. toru aud jrurmeiits frayed and rout,
AuJ take much joy of it, no doubt.
lio, wauh and proy ; to-morrow's aun
ilav rlii J not your swttt Ilinbs ailv
Aud glad for niny a soul undone.
Go. watch and pray '. your soul shall ibme;
And he that fed dve thousand, he,
With loiue n-. ii iL-hes and two loavea,
Miail kh-s your dps aud bid you see
The lust wail pa.-l Li huddling drove.
Could men Iotp youf Men draw nlh
To Psphos and the Cypriaa Are
Where Venus stood like death ou high
Beyond man's love and Clan's desire;
For huinr-u eyes learn women's ways.
And lingers touch a woman's hair.
But youl the window's purple haze
Lucrowus you Venus lu its lare
Yet once one undtrnood you well
With all your m.tic, body and soul,
Whote heart you found a thing to sell.
Whose cure became an aureole
Around your brows. Oh sterile saint,
The girls that walk the lampllt way
With drawled charms of gauds and paint -
kiiali mock you some time. Watch and
prayl
vr. j. b.
Backfronitlie Dead
"Tell u how your hair turned
white," said C0 of the party at the
the?ide.
In June, 1S31, srdd the man with the
white hair, I left my home in Buffalo,
bting in a hurry to return, I took pas
sage by the steamer G. P. Griffith for
Toledo, late on Sunday afternoon
The ship carried over four hundred
passengers and crew. I must have
slept soundly for about two hours in
my berth, when I was awakened by
the sound of hurrying footsteps over
head, and, looking through the ventil
ator to the upper deck, I saw two or
three sailors running along dragging a
hose-pipc. I partly dres'ed and went
forward to the promenade deck, where
I heard from the pilot-house above, the
voice of the captain crying, "Star
board? Hard starboard? and eteerfor
the shore I"
The ship veerod from hex course
and headed for the shore, five miles
away, i went back to my stateroom,
awakened the man in the other berth,
and rapped on several of the doors.
As I came out again into the cabin I
saw smoke curling out from the aide.
The command had been given to call
np the passengers, and when I again
reached the forward deck they were
crowding upon it. Just aroused from
sleep, they hurried out half dressed or
in their night-clothes, many carrying
children, bandboxes, cages, carpet-bags
and bundles, all anxious to save some
thing. I climbed up on the railing,
aud. taking hold of a stanchion, swung
myself to the main deck below. Step
ping over the forms of many who were
lying there still asleep, I went around
to the engine, and, looking up, taw
that the tire had broken out near the
smokestack lit a spot so difficult to get
at that in all probably the ship was
doomed.
Hurrying back to the main deck,
upon which the crowd was fast increas
ing, I removed ali my clothing but my
night-shirt and drawers. Taking my
money and valuables, I rolled them up
with my trousers, and laid them care
fully away on deck, where I might re
cover them if the ship should escape
destruction. Climbing up on the raft
near the gang-plank, 1 held on until
Ij the frantic crowd, pressing forward,
gunwale to near the wheel on the laud
aide, where 1 clung and watched the
crowd as they surged forward from
the approacliing flames. .
There was scarcely a scream heard.
As the flames drove them further and
further forward whole columns of
people were pushed into the water.
Husbands caught their wives and child
ren, and throwing them overboard,
Jumped after them. Women with babet
in their arms went about piteously
begging some one to save their children,
aud when they were pushed or Jumped
into the water held their infanta high
above their heads. After they were
drowned their quilted skirts buoyed
them up, aud I saw babies actually try
ing with their little hands to catch the
dancing light of the flames iu the
water.
The ship grounded at daybreak In
about ten foet of water, a little more
than half a mile from the shore. The
water all about the forward part of
her was full of drowned and drowning
people. Many good swimmers struck
out for the shore, but from all sides
the poor drowning wretches would
clutch them aud drag them down.
The flames drove mo off at last. In
the water beneath me was a struggling
crowd of drowning croaturos clinging
to each other. Suddenly a space of
about twenty feet cleared instantly by
their sinking out of sight. I deter
mined to Jump, swim toward the stern
of the boat until out of the reach of
the clutches of the drowning, and thon
make a detour for tlio shore. Remem
bering how I used to jump into the
water as a boy, when learning to
swim, I put my feet closely together,
arms straight by my s'ide, and
plunged down like a wedge to the
bottom, with my eyes wide open. For
a brief second I saw lying on the bed
of the lake heaps of dead bodies in all
positions. On rising to the surface I
struck out with my arms, but to my
horror found my foet bound tightly
together. The band of mv drawers
had burst, and slipping dofra, Lad
bound my ankles as securely as if
tied. Turning on my back, I care
fully disentangled them from each
foot. Thee efforts greatly exhausted
me, but, once free, I swam toward
tna atnfn T . w
i - uuui x was quite ciesr ot an
LX obstructions, and then struck out for
I the shorn n. :
passed tne, and spoke some encourag
IPX words. I saw others who must
have become dazed, swimming bacfr
into the lake.
I was an experienced swimmer, but
I had passed, as I judged, nearly half
the distance to the shore wnen a death
like coldues9 and numbness came
creeping over me. All the life I had
left seemed centred iu mv head, which
felt like a ball of fire. I fouud that 1
was turning round and round in the
water, now catching glimpses of the
burning ship, to which even yet a few
human beings were clinging, and now
on the beach. Could I ever reach it't
ft ea it worth while to struggle any
longer? Every movement caused in
tense paiu in my chest and lung9. I
'nmd an ev fo die now.
I ceased all efforts, and raised my
eyes for a last look at the skv. I was
6U uck by a peculiar goldeu haze of the
atmosphere, and the air seemed filled
with human forms hovering over the
drowning. The air was tilled with
them, and close beside me I recognized
my father, brother, and other friends
who had died many years before.
They called me by my name. They
pressed closely around me, telling me
to strugglem and they would aid me
that my work was not done that I
could not be spared yet.
A little strength came bark to me.
I remembered that I must be more than
half way to the shore. The water
could not be over five feet deep. I let
myself down and felt the sand under
me. Aided by my spirit f rieudB, whose
hands and presence were as real to me
as any human touch, I crept on my
hands and knees on the sand for some
distance, rising often to breathe. Be
coming too weak for tliis, with my
heavy head constantly falling back
ward, I sank to the bottom, and drew
my body with my arms nearer aud
nearer to the shore, rising to the sur
face as often as necessary. A man
was lying on the beach, one of the few
who ever reached it. "Vheu he saw
me feebly struggling he crept down to
the water's edge, and, reaching out
his hands, tried to aid me. I slowly
crept np a little way out of the water,
but he was so weak that, falling
backward, I would lose my hold and
sink again.
At last I was lying on tho dry sand.
How good it seemed to lie there, if
only 1 never need move again. My
companion spoke roughly yet kindly
to me, telling me it was sure death to
remain there. I refused to move, but,
being much stronger, he compelled mo
to get up, and, half supporting me in
his arms, dragged me unwillingly
along. A farmer met us, and almost
earned ma across the Acids to
a low two-roomed log cabin. In the
smaller room, containing two beds, I
was at last permitted to lie down. The
leng, black neck of a bottle was in
serted between my lips, and I drank
and drank until it was gently removed.
The draught warmed me.
I alternated between consciousness,
and unconsciousness, but remembered
much that passed about ma. A large
man with a tall hat, black satin vest,
and heavy gold chain, came in and lay
down on the other bed. lie certainly
had not been in the water, and I won
dered if he had been saved in a boat.
A man in the next room was exclaim
ing mournfully:
"Mine Gottl Mine GoUt Mine
monish la all gone. Mine monish is
all gone. Mine wife is gone, mine son
is gone. O mine Gott, my mouish is
all gone!"
Again and again that mournful wall
went up. Then I heard tho tall man
call out wrathfully:
"Won't some one kill that blasted
Dutchman?"
Then I dozed off again. When 1
awoke more people were coming in,
bearing a woman, aud they were say
ing she was the only woman saved. I
heard them say that eight men swam
ashore, aud twenty were saved in a
boat. Only twenty-eight saved out of
over four hundred I Toward evening
they put us all in a heavy lumber wag
on, on beds of straw, to take us, they
said, to "Lloyd's Tavern, seven miles
away." Jolting along over a rough
road, the pain in my chest and limbs
became unbearable, and I remembered
nothing more.
Days afterward I awoke from what
seemed a long sleep. I found myself
lying on a bed In a strange room alone.
Tne sound of voices came lu through
the open window and from the halls,
where people were constantly passing to
aud fro. They were talking of a great
disaster, of dead bodies lying in heaps
on the sand waiting to be claimed, aud
others being buried in a trench.
There was something about county
lines, of coroners quarrelling over
fees, of thieves In boats at night
stripping the drowned bodies and tear
ing rings from fingers and ears.
Those monotonous voices were forever
talking about that one thing.
Well, what If they are dead? The
dead were at rest. What had I to do
with that shipwreck? Why did not
some one come to me? What was I
doing here in tlds strange room?
Why was I so stiff and sore, so full of
pain, so weak I could not move? I
fell asleep agaiD, and when I awoke
till the voices were talking about poor
drowned bodies, thieves, coroners and
boats ; and then came a dim recollec
tion that I had known something
about that shipwreck. It all came
back to me clear and distinct.
Soon afterward a man came with
broth and nourishing food, of which
I ate with a relish, while ho answered
my questions. This was Saturday,
and I had left Buffalo on the Sunday
preceding. Lloyd's Tavern was
fifteen miles from the city of Cleve
land. I must get up. How could I lie
here? I must get into the air. I must
get homo. Home? Why, at home
doubtless they mourned mo as dead.
I had beeu dead for days to them. I
begged the man to bring me some
clothes. He brought me some old
garments much too large for me, with
an old black slouched hat, and helped
me to dress, for I was too weak to
stand alone. He then placed me in a
casv-chair, and told me to rest awhile.
At length, feeling rested and stronger,
I arose and moved slowly across the
room toward the open door.
I saw a gray-headed old man coming
toward me, poorly dressed, with an
old hat in his hand, and a stubby beard
on his face. I thought perhaps he was
one of the shipwrecked. I spoke to
him kindlv, but he did not reply
and still advanced. I stopped; ho
stopped also. We stared at each other.
I spoke again. His Us moved, but
not a sound left them. I drew for
ward ft chair and i 49wn, He sat
down also, staring half f earfullj at tne.
Great God I was that myself? That
white hair could it be mine? No, it
was a wig. Some one was playing a
joke upon me. I put up my hand
No, it would not come off.
1 went back and lay down upon my
bed, very weak, utterly disheartened.
Later I was driven slowly down to the
beach, aud I saw all that was left of
the steamer a few blackened spars,
aud the charred bull. Many people
were examining, either from curiosity
or for identification, the bodies as they
were brought in. There was a long
trench in the sand, in which were
placed those not identified. It ap
peared that the steamer had been
wrecked ou a couuty line, aud two
coroners were there quarrelling over
the bodies, and claiming their fees.
My friend helped ma out of the
wagon, and seated me ou a rock close
by a mo9t forlorn and unkempt fig
ure I must have presented. Two men
stood near where I sat, and one of
them spoke of having received another
telegram from Cleveland Inquiring if
the body of the man K. had beeu
found. A cold chill ran down my
back. Producing the telegram, he
read the description :
Twonty-ehjht years of age, five fret nine
Inches in height, weinht about one hundred
KM! sixty pounds, fair skin, blue eye, black
hair, small hands and feet, mole en left
(Moulder. Has the body been found Have
It properly prepared for burial, aud send U
11., Cleveland.
I was "K," and they were hunting
for my body to prepare it for burial!
My friend came back Just then, and
I begged to be taken to the hotel at
once. I must start for home, I said,
as soon as possible. Arriving at the
house, I saw a carriage and horse stand
ing before the door. Four gentleman
came out and agreed to take me with
them.
I learned from their conversation
.hat my companion had been sent out
from Cleveland to identify the dead
and find the living. Each related in
cidents connected with the search. They
spoke of being out in boats, some
times all night, dragging for bodies, of
seeing the thieves at their villanous
work, of the disgraceful quarrelling of
the coroners, and of the discomforts
of camping out. At length one of the
gentlemen said he regretted going
back with no news of the young man
K., whose friends were so anxious
about him.
"I half believe," said he, "that he
was not on the boat at all. We have
seen everybody, dead or alive, who has
been found, and no one answering 'bis
description is discovered."
"Where is his description?" asked
another.
"I have it. Xb, not hare. I re
member, I gave it to the coroners.
He was, as I recollect the description,
a man about twenty-eight, fair skin,
blue eyes and black hair. It is hard
to go back with no information. By
way, stranger, did you see any one
answering that description?"
"Would yoa be willing to take the
body without preparation for burial?
I asked.
"Why, of course. Any way we
could get it."
"Well, then," said I, "drop me at
n.'s house."
A shout went up from the carriage.
A few days later, after having en-
oyed the delightful experience of
eing kissed, cried over, and wel
comed back from the dead, I lighted a
cigar, seated myself comfortably, and
had the novel experience of reading
my own obituary, and a good orthodox
obituary it was, too.
In Emperor's Stniieut Day.
During his school career the German
emperor was a model of the studious
German youth. He took his place as
a common pupil in the public school at
Cassel, and studied and played with
tho other scholars. At the final exam
ination he was, indeed, only tenth on
the list; but when he was two years
vounger than bis mates, and was right
ly considered to have done so well
that his tutor was immediately knight
ed. There is no cramming system in
Germany; he passed without aid or
favor.
At the University of Bonn I have
sat on the same benches with him, and
seen him with his little note book,
writing down, like a hard worked re
porter, nearly all the professor uttered
in his lectures on the great German
authors or on the genius of Shake
speare. The prinoe was also anxious
to study subjects not just then in the
curriculum, and for these the profes
sor attended at his own apartments.
By the professors the prince was
treated with au almost servile adula
tion, and be won their esteem and love.
He bad them all in turn to dinner at
his rooms in a villa which overhung
the Rhine, with the honeysuckle, clem
atis and Virginia creepers reaching
over and down the garden walls almost
to the water's edge.
Tha queen sent him out from Eng
land a splendid boat costing nearly two
hundred pounds, but be used it very
little, and it generally lay moored by
the bank below his garden, idly rock
ing in the ripple of the Rhine. But he
took part heartily iu all the amuse
ments common among German stu
dents, namely, beer-drinking, duelling,
torchlight processions, carnage driv
ing, bathing and, in winter, sledging.
I do not think he ever fought a real
duel, but he mingled freely with the
duellers, and in knelpen drinking
bouts and torchlight serenades, sip
ping and sitting with the tippers of
light German beer till late into the
night.
Prepared.
"Harry," exclaimed the blushing
Laura, "this declaration is so sudden
thst I that that I hardly know what
to say. I was unprepared for it. II
unnerves me."
"I was afraid it might," said the
vonng druggist rising with alacrity
from his knees, "and I brought along
a bottlo of my unrivalled nerve
anodvne. This preparation, darlintr,"
ho added, soothingly, as he took a
bottlo from his pocket, quickly ex
tracted tho cork, and poured a quantity
of the medicine into a spoon he had
also brought along, "will allay any
undue excitement, quiet the nerves
and digestiou, and restore lost appetite.
I sell it at sixty cents a bottle. This il
the dose for an adult. Take it, dear
est. Chicago Tribune.
Toon was the son of port.
THE LONDON COSTERMONGER.
A Rough-and-Ready Character of thi
British Metropolis.
The London costermonger generally
wears a fixed kind of dress. His hat is
always a black derby, rusty from rain
and weather. Hia coat is generally a
rusty black frock. He rarely wean a
waistcoat. His trousers may be cordu
i roy or any kind of the cheaper wooleu
I patterns. His shoes are thick soled and
j hobnailed. He always wears a colored
i handkerchief tied around his neck In
! place of a collar. These handkerchiefs
! are always dirty, except upon rare Sun-
day and holiday occasions, when new
, ties are donned. These handkerchiefs
are always of a fanciful color, lUht blue
and red being the favorites. They are
worn high up on the neck, leaving a
couple of inches of dirty neck showing
between the handkerchief and the
greasy collar of the shambling frock
coat. The handkerchief Is really the
badge of the order. This handkerchief
about the neck designates the character
and standing of a man In England as
completely and thoroughly as if he wore
a uniform prescribed by net of Parlia
ment. The costermongers are men en
raged in street traffic ot all kinds.
Tliey are generally dealers in vegetables.
J hey begin with push-carts, and if they
ire prosperous and reach the climax of
their ambition they become the owners
of small two-wheeled wagons, drawn
by little donkeys or ponies. The
itrength and endurance of these small
animals are phenomenal, I have seen
!rom six to eight grown people on a cos
lermongtr's cart being drawn at a fuii
sua pace by a pony not much larger
hau a good Newfoundland dog.
The costermoncer never gives his
ony any rest. He works him durlug
die week in hia business and uses the
wretched little animal on Sunday to
rive his friends a treat in the shape of
a ride to soue cockney resort In the
mburbs. The cobtermongers live in
;he street. They are never indoors ex
sept for eating aud bleeping. A very
levere, driving storm will sometimes
'ovc. thetu into the bouse, but they (f n
rally take refuge under an awuituf or
tome gateway. They are hardy, tough,
loarse-iibred people. They are noisy
tnd have a perfect passion for scenes of
uproar and excitement. You rarely
lear of costermongers murdering any
)f their associates or of their using
cnives or pistols in their quarrels. They
lave a way of pounding aud kickiug
each oteer when engaged in a dispute,
3ut are rarely arrested, as they nevet
teem to carry malice, and their fights
generally wind up in a good-natured
ay. The costermonger aud his female
ire very often the chief actors in a
treet brawl. When ouce a coster
aaouger has begun to keep company
a-ith a costermoneer female, then she U
ionsidered his property. She speaks ot
Jim as her man aud she is spoken of ai
lis "gal." I saw a dispute the other
lay letween the costermonger and his
iweetheart which was fairly illustrative
f their method of settling disyuttg iu
lubllc.
It was Sunday morning. The two
sad started out evidently for a holiday,
lie was in his best. He was a surly,
aeavy-Jawed fellow with black eyes, a
ihort nose and brawnys hairy fists. He
s ore a little black derby hat about three
azes too small for his great round head,
(lis handkerchief was the light :t of
iky-blues. She was buxom, burly, of
xiedium height, dressed in true coster
nonger style. Their dispute grew out
f a difference of opinion as to where
.bey should spend the day. She insist
id on going one way and he the other.
1'hey disputed for half a moment, and
;heu he turned around and gave her a
lick which lifted her about six Inches
torn the sidewalk, to convince her that
lis way was the best. She turned
mlckly and began kicking him lu re
.urn. The way she brought her num
er ten boots around against bis shins
rery soon convinced him that she was
it rung at that kind of argument as he.
They kicked at each oih r for about five
ninutes, tho centre of a delighted and
sheering crowd, and then the coster
tionger female by her skill in kicking
lurried the day. Iu a moment or two
note he gave up, grinned good natur
ally, aud the two walked off together
for a luippy Sabbath.
The way domestic brawls are carried
n in the streets of Loudon cannot be
liatehcrt, I am certain, in any other
:ity in the world. T he common people
ft'ho w alk the streets regard these quar
rels as their own private theatricals, and
iternly resent any interference of the
Klice. As a general thing the police
lo tiOt touch the braw lers, unless they
nake too much of a diatuibar.ee, and
lock up the streets. The police then
limply order them to move on, and
uake arrests only where the disturbing
arty resists. During my stay in Lou
Ion I have seen more street flguta than
. had ever before seen in my lite. Tne
ictors in these street fights or domestic
sniwls appear to take great pride in the
jaits which they are called upon to
)lay. They are stimulated by the
sheers aud roars ot approval from the
tudience, and do their best to maintain
.heir repuuitlon for courage, ferosity,
ind skill in retort. Tbe women are ea
jecially exciteable and active in a street
igbt. The men generally looK sulky
uid sheepish when engaged iu a fight
ith his female in public. But the wo
neu never give them a chance to back
lut. They arc much more vindict.ve
ind active than the men. After the
nan has been kicked three or four limes
ind has had his face scratched up to a
)roper btate of rawness, he becomes ex
sited and strikes out brutally and
iruelly, unless a policeman happens to
e too near. The women are generally
:he victors in these streets fighis. The
ighting women generally have babies
u their hiuis. I have seen a number
)f costermonger virugos bounding from
die ground like hyena?, rushing up and
lowu with great leaps, howling insults
tud epithets, then sweeping down to
wards tbe haled object of their wrath
'or a blow or a kick, and when the mail
itrikes out the baby never seems to be
esarded as anything more than a but
er. The costermonger female uses her
)aby as a shield. The poor, wretched
)aby is generally a philosopher and
urely, if ever, howls or crie. I have
lever beard a cornionger baby even
jeep during the mostexcitiuj lasesof
i street fight, although tbe ui?luer may
e howling like a panther in her rago
ind excitemeut.
BULb-KROGS AND SNAILS.
fwo Profitable Additions to the Pro
duct of American Farm.
There are two new additions to the
i.-t ot profitable products of the farm.
hich promise to find employment for
nany farmers who have the requisite
'acilities. Thef 3 are due lo for-.ig.. vo--.ions
and tastes m ported chiefly frcm
Fiance and Germany . 'oijg with the
aumerous adopted citizens who hail
rom those European aboxfts. Ona iai
tbe grenouUle, so called by the French
who esteem it as a choice article fo
Abe exercise of culinary skill. It Is not
served up at the first hotels and res'ji-j
rants in the larjre cities, New Yorl
.especially, and appears in the marke"
as a regular article ot sale. The ani
mal Is eas.lT bred and reared, and feedi
.itself aud thrives most abundantly it
marshes. Tiio ether Is called tacargot
and is used for making stews and soups
but is eaten also boiled and roasted
This animal la also easily reared, ant
lequires no feeding, but does Lettei
when a pasture is provided for it
Known in common parlance, tbe fhs
as the frog and the other as the snail
these readily acclimated animals havi
never uutd now been considered as oi
any value, but no doubt hereafter wil
furnish epecial business here, as the
have done for many years In Europe
to thou?audsot farmer
The French frog farm is much llki
ono of our cranberry meadows a ewarrj
laid out iu broad ditches with grass
banks between them. We . remembei
years ago passing one of these farms is
the vicinity ot a large French city in
the early fvru'.ng, and being drawn tc
notice it by' the deafening music frorc
the thousands ot fat fellows sitting is
the damp grass and -now and then
splashing into the ditches and continu
ing to sing their lays as they protruded
their snouts just abova tbe surface oj
the water. These frogs were a special
breed, Itenarsrulevt by name, but dif
fer.ng very little from our handsome,
alender spec! men found in marshes,
aud having bright green and brown
spotted sku. Our common bullfrog ii
Said to be quite as delicate In flavor,
aud more acceptable in point of meat,
than the esculent species of Europe,
aud as the natural stock of them is IaA
dbpearing before the nets of the
hunter thousands are now imported
from Canada for the supply of the Xew
York market. Consequently the time
has come for the skilled culture of
them in counection with other ajuatio
products, as brook trout, carp, bass,
aud oilier fish, or water cress, which
can" be grown conjunctively, and are
Very proli table.
The esculent snail Is of various kinds;
one inha its damp meadows and is
fed upon lettuce. Indeed, there art
several varieties of these, judging from
the character of their shells, which in
lmbij fresh water, or rather tbe banks
of fresh water streams, and tbe low
greasy meadows adjoining. At least
one kind is a denizen of the salt water,
and is found in the mud of tidal,
estuaries, aud as the "periwinkle," is
largely consumed by Europeaus and
even by the English people. This latter
species is boded in salt water, and a3
the small, spii al -shaped animal is drawn
from Its shell usually by means of a
strong pin, the common name of it is
the "piupatch." An tacarame Is quite
a well conducted establishment in
France, and is always surrounded by
a ciose, cate fence to keep the stock
from wandering abroad and getting
lost. ;t Is commonly sown with clover,
lettuce, rai, and other tender herb
age, upon which the snails feed, and il
laid out with narrow paths for ease in
gathering tbe daily supply which is seal
lu market.
Cooking by Electricity.
Resistance cons of platinum or Ger
man silver wire have been used for ex
perimeutal cooking. The currents used
have been of constant direction, and
the coils traversed by the currents
must needs be in or In close proximity
to the substance to be cooked. Further,
the surface exposed by a coil taking
up considerable room is small, and the
amount of heat radiated aud conducted
from tbe wire if not nearly red hot
will not be large. Cooking by electricity
has not come into use as yet; tbe use ot
alternating currents offers a solution to
the problem. A large electro magnet
of great self Induction Is constantly in
circuit. The loss ot current tbroncb
this coil as loDg as metal ! not brought
near it is too small to be measure!. It
beiug desired to cxK flapjacks, an iron
spider is placed over the poles of the
electro magnet. Tbe rapid reversals ot
current in tbe coil induce cuirentsiu
the - iron spider, which Is thereby
heated. For heating liquids, a copper
vessel is preferable where it can be
used on account of its greater conduc
tivity. The metal in wb icb or on which
tbe Ci king is doue need not touch the
magnet. Indeed, a lessened heating
effect is obtained by separating the
1;sh from the electro magnet.
A description Is given in Engineering
of the new copper I'no alloy just intro
duced In London, and which, it la
claimed, possesses properties as those
ot bronze are to gua metal. The
specitio advantages presented by this
metal are cuielly great strength and
tour!ines!, and capacity for being
rolled, forged and drawn. It can be
made as hard as steel, and when melted
is very liquid, producing sound castings
of close Que grain, and the color caO
be varied from that of yellow brass to
rich gun metal, the surface taking a
fine polish, ami, when exposed to tbe
air. tarnishing less than brass. When
cast in sand tbe metal has a breaking
strain of twenty-one to twenty-two tons
per squara ino i; when rolled or forged
hot into reds tbe breaking strain is
found to be forty-three tons per square
inch.
171 fact Is now recognized by all
architects rit the stability of a build
ing under Cue Influence of fire depends
largely upon keeping the floors from
giving way a matter e.isdy attained
when they are of iron and pugging,
but requiring special precautions when
tbt'y are made of combustible materials.
A practice is now being re3orled to,
toaconslderabeextent by French build
ers, of protecting floors by placing
upon them a half inch layer asphalt
over an Itch ot argillaceous earth, botn
at top and bottom. A hiyer of plaster
of Paris, fine concrete, cement or c'. it,
three or four millimetres (9.11 to 0.i3
ino)1) thick, ora paving of tiles, permits
of waiting for assistance, by preventing
the air from coming iu contact w.th the
wood aiid thus maintaining combus
tion. The purest lard oil la said to be thut
wlilcn Is manufactured by submitting
solid leaf lard to great pressure during
the o.Idest period of winter. Oil of
this quality Is used for b'.-i ulug Iu small
mechanical lamps. It elves a br'giit
flame and does not incrust the wick.
To mcreao the quantity of nitrogen
which Is given off us ampiU U'iriiig the
destructive dist'.ilMilco cf 8b?.! for tht
roanurctue of ftiiji. Dr. Urinhsrt
mixes with the h.-' before iLirouuciui
it into tho rsstorts anu u kaii or a! 4.
lino ear.b end thus rrcsittates the cum
blca'.ion ot tbe by2roa with tho mitogen.
The Great Congo Forest.
While in England considering the
best routes open to the Xyanza
f Albert) , writes the explorer, Stanley,
thought I was very liberal in
allowing myself two weeks' march
to cross the forest region lying
between the Congo and the Grass
Land, but you may imagine our
feelings when month after mouth saw
as marching, tearing, ploughing, cut
ting through that same continuous
forest. It took us 160 days before ire!
could say, "Thank God, we are out of
the darkness at last." Take a thick
Scottish copse dripping with rain;
imagine this copse to be a mere
undergrowth, nourished under the
impenetrable shade of ancient trees
ranging from 100 to 180 feet high;
briers and thorns abundant; lazy
creeks, meandering through the depths
of the jungle, and sometimes a deep
affluent of i great river. Imagine
this forest and jungle in all stages of
decay, and growth old trees falling,
leaning perilously over, fallen pros
trate; ants and insects ot all kinds,
sizes, and colors, murmuring around;
monkeys and chimpanzees above,
queer noises of birds and animals,
crashes in the Jungle as troops of
elephants rush away; dwarfs with
poisoned arrows securely hidden
behind some buttress or in some dark
recess; strong, brown-bodied abori
gines with terribly sharp spears,
standing poised, still as dead etumps;
rain pattering down on you every
other day in the year; an impure
atmosphere, with its dread conse
quences, fever and dysentery ; gloom
throughout the day, and darkness
almost palpable throughout tho night ;
and then, if you will imngiue such a
forest extending the entire distance
from Plymouth to Peterhead, you will
havo a fair idea of some of tho
inconveniences endured by us from
June 28 to December 5, 1887, and
from Juno 1, 1838, to the present date,
to continue again from the present
date till about December 10, 1883,
when I hope to pay a last farewell to
the Congo forest. "Think of the broad
Congo, varying from one to sixteen
miles wide, which has a stretch of
1,400 miles, supplying another im
measurable quantity of moisture to bo
distilled into rain and mist and dew
over tliis insatiable fore?t, and then
another COO miles of tho Aruwimi or
Ituri itself, and then you will cease to
woudcr that there arc about ouo hun
dred and fifty days of rain cverv year
In this rcgiou, and that tho Coiijja
forest covers such a wide area.
Laura DrUgmaa's Occupations.
Many ladies learned the finger alpha
bet simply to be ublc to talk with her,
and sho wrote and received many let
ters. Her room had a window faciug
south, and she often headed her letters
"Sunny Home." She took pleasure in
arranging her room and read a great
deal. You know that quite a number
ot books havo been printed in raised
letters for the blind. The letters must
be large and arc printed on one side of
the page only. It takes sii-tce:i largo
volumes to print tho Bible in this way.
Most blind persons cultirato one finger
for reading until it is very sensitive
mA rjn fftfll thn pttnrn vm-v rflnidK-
! but, of course not so rapidly as we uun
read with our eyes.
Miss Bridgman became qulto an
author, too. Almost from the time
she learned to write she began to keep
daily journals. Those she wrote dur
ing her first five years in Boston form
quite a large pack, and are full of
many interesting things. She recorded
all her little daily doings, and in
going through them from the earlict
to the latest entries you can see how
sho gradually used more and mc:o
words, and began to use capitals, anil
wrote more clearly. She had aUo
written a few poems. These have no
rhyme, of course, because that depends
on the sound. What she says in her
poems is iu great part taken or imitated
from the Bible.
Her spare time wns devoted to knit
ting, sewing, crocheting lace and nirts,
and talking. I have a very pretty
crocheted mat which she made in one
evening.
Though her lifo was generally a
peaceful and happy one, it had also its
severe trials. Several of her teachers
to whom she was much attached died ;
her closest tie witli the world was al
ways her constant teacher and com
panion, who was eyes, cars, and
tongue for her. Her teachers natural ly
learned to sympathize with her condi
tion more than others could, and the
loss of ono of these dear friends was a
great affliction. She even had to en
dure the loss of her benefactor, Dr.
Howe. He had lived to see her grow
up into what he had hoped sho might
become when he took her from her
home in Hanover. His death occurred
lu 1876, aud affected Miss Bridgman so
seriously that she was very ill and
weak for a long time afterward.
So she lived her quiet life, so the
days grew into months, and the months
into years aud so, also, quietly and
peacefully lie passed away on the !4th
of May, i689.
Laura Bridgman'a days of darkness
are over. Mauy, many persons will
for a long timo to come think of her,
and will often speak of the patience
she showed in her affliction and the
earnestness with wldch she labored to
make the most of her life. St. Nicho
las. Orange Culture.
The proviuco of Palermo is the great
orange district of Sicily. Frequently
the fruit when gathered is allowed to
sweat in the groves from two to thrca
days, piled on the ground and covered
wills tarpaulins. It is then wrapped
iu tissue paper, boxed up and sent to
the city. Fruit is also sent directly
from tho groves. All fruit, upon
reaching tho exporter's warehouse, is
carefullv inspected and selected,
wrapped in fresh tissue paper and re
packed. Exporters ship their oranges
as soon as packed.
During the shipping season largo
firms in Messina employ as many as
300 women and girls, paying them 20
to 25 cents a day, nine hours' work.
The women select and wrap up tho
fruit. Men arc employed to pack tho
fruit and handlo the boxes; they get
from 40 to f0 cents a day. Tho s'tevo
lores handle the boxes with care.
The steamers give all possible vcntihi
lion to the fiuit during the voyage.
Fruit possessing tho greatest keeping
qualities is sent in sailing vessels to
tlut United State.
THINK FOR YOURSELF.
How Yonnjr Men Cu Achieve Boo
ccsa lu Their Chosen Calling.
Earnest, Independent thought on ttai
part ot any boy or oung man who bai
set out to make u mechanic of himset
will certainly bring him bothknowltdgi
and skill in his chosen calling.
We hear or see statements evervlltth
whiie tbat, as machine shops gradually
grow 11110 manuiucturing concerns, tin
woik is systematized until there is
nothing but routine in the diffeieni
classes of voik. and a boy apprenticed
to one ot thei-e establishments "gets ut
6liow" iu the shop, and is "no good'
wiien His llu e ts out.
That a graduate from, say, a stearr
pu'jap shop, going to any other shop do
ing a ditierent class of work, must
Work for small wages in order to "hold
a job," because he can not take hold oi
v ork as it comes along and do it in-ttilij-'eiitly.
He is pictured as being
Eiut out of the shop to make re pain
upon a steam engine, or line up a shaft
in a brewery, or to fix na hydraulic
elevator that is on a strike.
A.ter wasting an hour or two 01
time, he admits that he is "stuck,"
and goes crestfallen back to tho shop,
taking this me--sage to the foreman:
"Send up a machinist next time."
And then the parties get their work
done at some other shop, and refuse tc
pay for what our pump man has done,
because he did not kuow what he wai
about. He actually caused damage by
hi ignorance. Why is this? He might
have been a good man in a pump shop,
but fails immediately on attempting
trinting press or sewing machine work.
He has learned to turn and bore, tc
plane and slot, to chip, file aud scrape,
but lie fails when asked to perform any
Oi these op-ration ou any thu g except
a steam pump. Is it because he has
not learned to do these things well, ot
because he did not ue his brains while
learning to use his hands?
iiacu ne shops are aUays overrun
with applicants for apprenticeship. But
nme-teuths of the applicants for places
never think of anything beyond getting
into the shop. Of their own fitness tor
the u.a biuists' trade they never in
quire into. They expect to work tlnee
years for a littie less pay tlian they
could gtt shoveling, and then blossom
at once into a first-class, well-paid ma
chinist, wilh no particular mental efioit
on their part. The result is easy to
see. We see it every day in the army of
workmen who can do only the com
monest work, and oftentimes In only a
single branch of the trade of which they
C8'' themselves masters.
This, I claim, is from want of thought
on the part of the boy or man himself.
The steam-pump man, if he has mas
teied the trade as far as taught in the
Bteam-pump shop, has mastered the
principles upon which the steam-pump
operates, aud is a competent man to
Btsud out to repair a gas engine or a
printing press. But this he cau not do
without thought, and thought is but
another name for study. The study
I hat it takes to master the principles of
the steam-pump will incidentally bring
knowledge of other machinery that can
not fad to be of use some time.
A boy once taught the habit of indi
vidual thinking about his work, a place
in the front rank ot mechanics is sure
to be his. Thought wlil give him con
fidence and skill, and with these two
elements in his mechanical make-up
he will prove a valuable man anywhere
bo is employed, whether they build
saw-mill machinery or machine tools to
build saw-mill machinery with.
In an account of some experiments
on the effect of friction between Various
substances, a writer shows that tho
beat produced, other conditions teing
equal, is In proportion to the hardiness
of tbe substances, and, on the other
band, tbe greater the diffeience In the
bardiuesa of two materials rubbing
egalnst each other, the less tbe beat
produced by the friction and thebatdi-r
or the tweheatsmorethantheothfr. In
the relation of these facts to the compo
sition of bearings. It Is remarked that
tbe alloys of copper and tin In general
u-e are rarely homogeneous, with the
exception of that which com airs eichty
two to eighty-three parts of copper to
Feveuteen or eighteen of tin; if there
1 less tin in tie composition, granula
tion tares pliice during cooling, which
alters the homogeneousness of the alloy
and causes the cutting of both bearing
and arbor. A good bearing should
have its shell very hard and durable,
its Interior being filled up with a softer
composition.
' yieronauftej has ot late received a
Stimulus through the unveiling ot the
statue to tbe brothers MoDtgolCer at
Anuonay on the occasion ot the cen
tensiy of commemorating the invention
of baloons. Navigation of the rir does
not look so very improbable as electric
lighting did a few years ago, and men
of considerable mechanical ability and
scientific eminence are even now earn
estly devoting themselves to tbe task
of making the air a practical means
of communication. As one scholar
and mathematician remarked; "if it
can be done, It will be done soon."
it Is said that a brilliant lack may
be produced ou Iron f.nd steel by ap
plying with a fiue, brush a mixture of
turpentine and sulphur, boiled together.
Whf n the turpentine evaporates there
remains on the metal a thin layer ot
sulphur, which unites closely with the
imn when heated tor a time over a
spirit or gas flame.
7he President of the French Meteor
o'ogical bureau, M. Mangon reports
that 63 per ceDt. of the weather lore
casts made by the Bureau have proved
good. Of 2o7 tempest warnings sent
to seaports. 100 have been fulfll'ed en
tirely, 05 partly and 42 not at all.
Mr. Ervesl Giles, the explorer, con
templates organizing a grand final ex
pedition to tiaverse the remaining un
explored portions of the Australian
continent, and to endeavor to discover
acme moie trust worthy traces of Lcic
Lardt. Ti Engineering Hevltvo says that
the frequeut use of the indicator for
determining the amount ot power con
sumed In driving shafting Is of gieat
va ue. From not less than 30 to SO
per cent, of the power of tbe engine il
ordinarily used for this purpose.
Gntrbira, tl e Russian Czar's homo,
contains 700 rooms.
In France the 1 arsrupt man is not al
lowed to Eeive on the jury.
Tlier are neaily 15,000 school teach
ers n rennsylvaii'a.
T'i poinigs of a sovereign costs the
Fng'l.-h miut three-quarters cf a penny.
A rubber hiyrr sandwiched la the
sole of the shoe is said to prevail wet
feel
KEW3I?ri;iltEr.
The ascisnt Gauls u-ed a reaping
machine.
The Kt"g of Sweden is financially
embarrassed.
"Torpy" is the latst society or4
'or anything swellish
John Milton is sometimes called tho
Homer of Brita n.
The an r ranc'so, Cd., grocers are
fighting trusts in food proJuets.
Breslan, the cnp'tal of Silesia, la to
Le made into a Crst class forms.
Klnety thonstnd cows have to Oo
milked iwlje a day to supply London
done.
In France there Is a government
tax of 2 per cent, levied on a l beta on
cacesL
San Francisco, Ob. shoo dealers
wh sell Cnlneee-mada goods will ba
boycotted.
Tho native pnpatatlon ot Ala'ka
numbers only 4 ),(K), ot whom 17,000
axe Esquimaux.
Tbe Michigan Central now leads tbe
country in running the highest speeded
paiteng r iraln.
The large-t peach orchard ia tb
wor d is at TJroA'nwood, Tex., which
contains 11,00 tnei.
The daily surplus of b!rths ever
lealbs la the United Kingdom is 1300.
-An Orov.l'e (C;.L) man keeps thieves
from bis orn.o trees by tying cow-bdis
to them.
Wh le farmer at Shlpbaoh, Tnn..
was ait'-nding chu.ch his norse froze to
iealh oulaiJe.
Carlyle is given tho credit ot first
having called the newspaper press "th
fourth estate.
-New green corn was served to gnsts
of the Alcazar. t St. Augustine, Fla.,
oa New Year's Day.
IodU takes tho palm for free pott
age Postal cards cost, half a cent each,
and a letter goes for one tent.
There are n'x Mamfte students at
Wm' minster College, tsm.ilL institution
at Xew Wilmington, Peun.
A teicher of ma' hematics says that
the simple tear I g up or cutting of pa
per is h gre.v. rel.ef to the uiind after
mental laior.
A tourxallne ledgo recontly discov
ered on a farm near Aubu n, lie., is
said to have already yielded STuCO wo. la
of gems.
During the Inst 10) yeirs 35,000
patents have been itsuid uv thn Hulled
SUtts. There have b ;en COD. 000 appli
cations.
There are twentv-alx monarchies
and twenty-five reoubl-c m t!:a civll-
' ized world to-day. tiixieen Republic
in bouih America.
The Indhn chief culled in "erlslon
Cow Killer was Rs 1 Jacket. Bntut so
ntned him in allusion to hia Uck of
physicial courage.
A woman's club in St- Louis, Mo ,
has prot. Blt-d HRaiust the taxation of
b iclielors on the ground that they are
cect-ssitiet not luxuries.
-Three of the richest wo Den of Phila
delphia are Mrs. Thomas A. coit, who
$3.0 OOOO; Mia .Tjepli Harrison, wtlii
(2,(H 0,M) ; and M s. llaldwla, who has
a fortuue of S2.OoO.003.
Two cUizens nf Palmyra, Me., hart
had so ninny quar els that a few days
ago a c-nt -act was drawn up between
them that In fu'ure they would have
nothing to do with ea:h other.
Tbe rails on railroads In this conn
try, laid in a continuous line, make
twelve gudle j for the eaith's circumfer
ence. Vestibuled pilace sleeping cri cost
more than high class passenger locomo
tives, ApiT 'Xl'ii i -W the prics are
$15,000 ud i&3U0 respectively.
A trade journal has Just published
non e statistics concern ii poultry in
France. It statei that there are in the
country 43 0 jO.OO i o: hens, which rep
resent a va ue ot ?2i,410 0J0.
It Is estimated that In RussU the
yearly loss in rtnmest lc a ilrual : through
w elves is over JIO.O o,0 )0, and th 'oss
of g-ime from the sam cauw over 513,
OJO.OOO. rotsto-srowlng experiments In
France allow that the cro; f;-o:n whole
seed is about Sflven hundred w.lht per
1 acie more ihan from cut s ed, a'.lxlng
for the difference in weignt between tbe
I two sorts.
A man In Xew Totk has In his pos
! ssion a tin box fu .l of stock certificates
tbat cost him ci3,OUO, and are now ut-
leily worthless.
Marmaduke Watson has been a
school teacher fu Pudi 'elnhia fo; flftys
four year', during thirty-five of wtiica
be baa been a principal. Ha has noar
retired to enjoy a well-earned rest.
A. M. Cannon, the Spktn Falls,
, Washington, rolilinnair. paid $ 0J lor
: a q'lart. r ect!on of land ou the border
j cf the town a few years ago. He has
since so'd off $ 100,000 worth of the .and
Xow that the project for a statue ot
Red Jacket in Bull do, X. Y., u well
under way, the people of that city talk!
of simi arly honoring De Witt Clinton,
proprietor of the Erie Canal, and La
Sal e tbe discoverer, who explored the
lake region so bravely.
Men's ov rcoati are now being
made longer, an J, as a rule, looser, in
accordance with the prevailing English
style, ssome of 1 he overcoats seen that
have been made abroad might nave beeu
called '-baggy."
Mrs. Jacob nildebrand, of Totk,
Penn.. a vlct m to consurptlon. died
Islhging. When the doctor Informel
DT that t no was dying she raid she
wanted to sing. At her request 1 num
ber i t neighoors were summoned to
her bedside. Duimg the evening her
voice mingled w'.t i theirs lu singing
her ft70:ite hymns. At 10 o'clock
her voice failed her.
Tbe Corean alphabet Is phonetic, ard
so simple that any oue can learn to read
It in a day.
It has been calculated that there are
about 2' N ,oo families l.ving in London
on about i5 a weea.
A pchoo'lviv or goo 1 family committed
suicide iu Vienna. Austria, because be
found La' in so difficult.
What has become of thoold-fashloned
people who had family prayers lu the
evening aud before breakfa-l?
Tho African agreement betweisx
England and Poilugfd hi favontldt) ta
lk latter, . -