SENTINEL & REPUBLICAN
MIFFL1NI0WN.
Wednendnv, May 1. IST9;
li. F. SO II WE IE II,
Enrroa ad rBorBiKToa.
People who read, know, that the
present extra session of Congress, was
called because tha Democratic mem
bers would not provide by appropria
tion to carry on the government.
L'uder the lead of ibe Soulbern ex
rcbels, aDd brigadiers tbe .Northern
Democratic members have been doing
all tbey kcow bow to encourage the
Southern uieuibers in their refusal to
pa.a tbe appropriation bills, unless
certain Coogrestiooal Acts, that are
part of the reconstruction measures be
repealed.
Their demands are but tbe beginning
of a revolution, which if allowed to go
on will result in tbe overthrow of all
that the North won for free govern
ment against Rebellion.
If tbe Northern Democratic Con
gressman, and the Northern Democrat
press bad turned their faces against
tbe revolutionary work, there would
not now be agitation abroad in tbe
country. But tbe Northern Demo
cratic Congress have allowed the
Southern liiigadiers to rule their Cau
cus and thereby shape the whole poli
cy of tbe Democratic party, and the
Democratic press has aliowed itself to
be controlled by Congressional inSii
ence and turned into direct or indirect
support (if the schemes of tbe Heroin,
tionary Brigadiers.
The Democratic press in this county
is no exception, it is as completely nn
der the whip of tbe brigadiers as if a
retire or two of tl.eui lived in Juniata
There is some difference however in
the manner of approach of the two or
gins in this county.
The Democrat and Register comes to
the defence of the measures of the
Democratic Brigadier Congressman
squarely. While the Tribune ap
proaches the question in a round about
way as if afraid to go in at tbe front
door.
It has not the pluck to defend tbe
measures, but it defends tbe Brigadiers
who are the moving power in all tbe
mischief that is a brewing in tbe Dem
ocratic camp, for tbe brigadier rule
the Democratic Congressional Caucus,
and the 'ancus rules the Democratic
'ongress, and the Congressmen and
Senators rule the Democratic party.
Tbe facts of the revolutionary work
of tbe brigadiers were clearly stated in
the Srnlinel and Jtep'iblican. last week,
and it was earnestly hoped that tbe
Tribune would have tbe candor and in
dependauce to oppose the revolutionary
work ot the Brigadiers, but alas! bow
disappointed, for instead of Condemn
ing the revolutionary work at Washing
ton, it d:d out herod Herod himself,
in its effort to get away from tbe
question.
It put in a labored defence for the
brigadiers by claiming them as soldiers,
and under the common bead of soldiers
classed tbeai and their work with tbe
soldiers of tbe North, and then in a
general way endeavored to create the
impression that tbe soldier has been
badly treated, or cot properly treated,
by the people of the Nor!b; that he
has not had his share of the offices in
tbe gift of tbe people.
On that point tbe Tribune mast oon
test with the Democratic party, for it
is tbe party in the North, above all
other parties, that says we are havicg
too many soldier office holders, and tbe
Democratic party in Congress have ex.
pressed a horror of tbe army, and been
struggling to bave it reduced to tbe
Jittle end of nothing. The position of
the Tribune on this point is contra
dictory. It clamors for tho men who
are reducing tbe army, the Brigadiers
and their Congressman allies, and in tbe
next breath clamors because tbe soldier
is not more highly recognized. It keeps
the truth from its readers, that it is
the Democratic Congress as lead by the
Brigadiers that is fighting the Army
Bill, and seeks almost tbe complete re
duction of tbe military organization.
What a fine oppertunity it would
have bad to tell the truth that every
Republican IVesidental candidate has
been a Uuion soldier, and that iu strik
ing contrast to that truth, is another
fact, that the two last Presidential
caudidates of the Democracy bave been
civilians, Greely and Tilden. With
them it is anything to beat the soldiers
that put down tbe Rebellion.
It might have looked at tbe officers
of this Commonwealth and told tbe
truth that the Republican Governors
since the war bave all be en soldiers,
while ibe truth on the other side is
just as apparent, and suggestive, that
the Democratic candidates nve " been
civilians. Remember .Dill "J" Persh
ing. c. . ........ . , -.
Again, tne tact mat tbe soldier is
eared for by Republican enactment, is
apparent by the fact of the establish
ment of Soldier Orphans Schools ; by
the fact, that millions of dollars are an
nually paid in pensions, and by the fact
that expensive monuments have been
erected to perpetuate tbeir memory.
Republican administrations bave not
only elected its soldiers to office, pro
vided schools for tbe children of tbe
I Di m soldier, erected monuments to
their memory, and provided pensions
for those wouad"d in the service, but
it has gone beyond a recognatinn of
bonest patriotic service in the North.
It bas recognized many of tbe sol
diers of tbe South, and conferred on
them honorable and profitable employ
ment. It bas recognized that class of
soldiers of tbn South that bave accept
ed tbe change that has been caused by
tbeir own acts of folly. It bas recog
nized the Southern soldier that has said,
Yes, I accept tbe situation. Tbe civ
ilization of tbe North bas conquered
the civilization of tbe South by tbe
very methods that tbe South chose to
determine the contest." There is a
heroism about such a confession that is
commendable, and tbe Republican Pjrty
has recognized it wherever it baa mani
fested itself.
It is different spirit from that which
actaates a party to tell what is not true,
to tell the Northern soldier, '-You bave
to stand back ; yon are not recognized,"
nud then turn around on the other side
and wink at the Brigadiers, who bave
never accepted tbe situation, and en
couriga them not to appropriate for the
mafoUoane of what is left of the or
ganization of tbe army.
It is a queer kind of recognition that
the Tribune bas in its mind.
It is no half way recognition that the
Republican party gives to its soldiers.
Just last Friday a resolution was
brought up in the Senate of Pennsyl i
vania providing for tbe appointmeot of
a Legislative committee to go to San
Franeisco and welcome General Grant
in the nitiir of tte State of Pennsylva
nia. It was an act of recognition of
tbe services of a soldier just what tbe
Tribune has been clamoring for. 1 1 was
afraid to declare itself against tbe pol
icy of tbe Brigaiiers, but indirectly
asked for a further recognition of tbe
soldiers. The Seoate of this State now
proposes to further honor and recog
nize the General of the Northern Army.
What siys the Tribune That is get
ting a little nearer by way of recogni
tion than Washington; it is coming
uto our State. And to come a little
nearer borne, by and by, perhaps, a
soldier may be nominated for a county
office by tbe Republicans in the ap
proaching campaign. Will the Tribune
then have a recognition to give Tbe
Democrats in the State Senate last Fri
day all voted agaiLSt recognizing Gen
eral Grant, or against tendering him n
welcome nn his arrival from foreign
travel. What cays the Tribune to tbe
Democratic way in the State Senate of
recognizing loyal soldiers T
M
Read tho Fresiilent's veto cf the
Army Appropriation bill, carefully.
It is an extmg-uibher of the argu
ments set up by the Domoeraey in
Conjjress, who are whipped into
the control of the Brigadiers. The
Southern Congressmen have bull
dozed the Northern Democratic Con
gressmen into supporting measured
that the country will not all iw them
to carry out as they desire to.
On Thursday the vetoed Army Ap
propriation bi'l was called np. The
Brigadiers thought they had friends
enough to pass it over the Presidents
veto by a two-thirds vote, but in that
they failed : the vote stood yeas,
12J; iimvs, 110.
The Democracy in Congress got tip
another fool-kiiling arrangement for
themselves, when the President's
veto was annonuced as ready to le
presented to the House. They quick
ly resolved to snub the President by
postponing the reading of the mes
sage to hear the announcement of the
death of Itepresentative Clark. The
Brigadiers snubbed no one but them
selves, for the message went before
the country in the newspapers before
Congress received it.
" The new King of Bulgaria. Prince
Alexander Joseph of Battenburg, is
the ch id and second son of I'riuce
Alexander of Battenberg, and a first
cousin of the Grand Duke Louis of
Hesse, who married the Princess
Alice of Great Britain. He is a bach
elor of 22, and his brother, Prince
Louis, is a Lieutenant in the British
navy. He is a nepLew of the pres
ent Empress of Kussia.
"The new Constitution for Cali
fornia, that is to bewoted on to-day
( Wedaes.lay), abolishes all the courts,
but makes no provisions for other
courts until next Januiry, so that, if
the ConsUtution prevails, there will
be an interregnum with no tribunal
to punish offenders except the police
and justices' courts."
The Czar of Russia has fallen back
on the "Divire Right of Kings," and
has become a law unto himself since
the attempt was made to take his life.
He rules now with a heavy hand on
all classes that are in the least sus
pected of having had to do with the
late conspiracy to take his life.
'Governor Talbot, of Massachusetts
bas signed a bill which permits recov
ery ot damages resulting from tbe sale
of liquor from owners of buildings where
the liquor is sold."
"Four per ceut. bonds are now at
nearly two per cent premium. In
1877 the four per cent, bonds sold as
high as six and a half per cent premi
um." Oct in St Lju.s they have the
question in Court as to whether a
telegraphic dispatch can be subpoe
naed into court.
'Some very troublesome questions
came up frequently before tbe tbe mis
sionaries in toreign lands. Tbe Pres
bytery of Sealkote, India, recently dis
cused the question of what shonld be
done with conv:rted natives haviDg
more than one wife. Shall a cenvert
be compelled to pnt away a woman be
has always supposed to be bin lawful
wife, sever a tender chord, and bring
ruin opon tbe woman? The Presby
tery decided that "While it is clear
that such persons are not eligible to
office, yet in tbe opinion of the Pres
bytery there is nothing in tbe Bible to
prevent tbeir reception into church
membership."
STATE ITEMS.
Jvhn W. Pincin, of M'Veytown, bas
a fig tree w.,,'cn Jr Dore bont a
dozen figs.
Thousands of barrels oi" J'' re d,i'
ly wasted in ths Bradford distnJ! fur
want of tankage.
Tbe PbiUdelpLia and Reading nil
road company bas begun to pay i s
employees cash.
The sheriff's office in Erie county
netted the incumbent for the last two
years $20,000.
Pennsylvania bas tbe largest number
of pnstoffices of any of tbe States, hav
ing 3,318 nffijes on March 1, 1879.
A chsp in Ilendersonville, Mercer
county, sucked thirty four eggs in sev
en minutes.
A little girl, Telia Horay, who was
taken away from Locust Gap, Northum
berland connty, over a week ago, by
gypsies, has not been heard of since.
Charles Maus a pensioner of the War
of 1812. and aged nearly 85 years, was
so badly burned at his home in Lewis
burg, Union county a few days ago,
that death ensued a few hours after tbe
accident. He set fire to Lis clothing
while lighting bis pips.
Tbe Zoological Gardens at Fair
mount Park Philadelphia, were visited
last year by 280,739 persons, being an
increase over 1877 of 76,5X36, while tbe
income of tbe society exceeded that of
tbe previous year by $3,853,50.
Mr. W illiam Bartholomew of West
Bradford Chester county, recently lost
three fine cows, and several others are
tick and it is feared that tbey to will
die. One of tbe cows was opened after
its death when it was fonnd that there
were about forty nails in its stomach.
As Mr. Bartholomew recently bad a
new roof plaoed on his barn, tbe sup-,
position is that the cows bad by soma
means gotten tbe nails into tbeir food
and swallowed them.
TO THE RESCUE.
THE LATE VETO MESSAGE.
The Bill Declared to be a Dangerous
Violation of the Spirit and Meaning
of the Constitution Plenty of Time
to Sepaiate the Bill and Pan Them
The BUI u Entitled .? Ad
Making Appropriation for the Sup
port of the JJrmy for the Fiscal Year
Ending June 30, 1880, and for other
Purposes.''
To Ike House of Reprtttnlalittt i
I hare maturely considered tbe impor
tant question presented by tbe bill entitled
"An act making appropriations tor tbe sup
port of ibe army iur the fiscal year ending
June 3(1, 18XO, and for other purpeses," and
I now return it to tho House of Represen
tatives, in which it originated, with ruy ob
jections to its approval.
The bill provides it the dsual form for tbe
appropriations required for the s-ipport of
the army during tbe next fiscal year.
If it contained no other provisions it
would receive my prompt approval.
It includes, however, further legislation
which, attached as it is to appropriations
which are requisite for the efficient per
formance of soma of the most necessary
duties of the government, involves qnei
tions of the gravest character.
The sixth section of tbe bill is amenda
tory of the statute now in forte iu regard to
tbe authority of persons in the civil, mili
tary and naval service of the Cuitcd States
" at the place where any general or special
election is held in any State."
This Statute was adopted February 23,
186a, after a protracted debito in the Sen
ate, and almost without opposition in tbe
House ot Representatives, by the concur
rent vote of both of the leading political
parties of the country, and became a law by
the approval of President Lincoln. It was
re-euated in lo74 in tbo revised statutes,
sections 2,002 and 6,528, which are as fol
lows :
" S ec. 2,002. No military or naval otticer,
or other person engaged in the civil, mili
tary or naval wrvice of the United States
thill order, bring, keep or bave under bis
authority or control" any trooj.s or armed
men at tbe place where any general or spe
cial election is held in any State, unless it
be necessary to repel the armed enemies of
ibe United States or to keep the peace at
tbe polls."
" S tc. 5,528. Every officer of tbe army or
navy or olher person in the civil, military
or naval service of tbe United Stales who
orders, brings, keeps or bas under bis au
thority or control any troops or armed men
at any place where a general or special elec
tion is held in any State, nuless such force
l ntcessary to repel armed enemies of the
United States or to keep tbe peace at tbe
polls, shall be fined not more than $5,0X,
and suiter imprisonment at Lard labor not
liss than three months nor more than five
years."
PEACE AT TPE POLLS.
The amendment proposed in this statute
in tbe bill belore me omits from both of tbe
foregoing sections the words "or to keep
the peace at the polls." The effect or the
adoption of this amendment may be con-
sidered : . r. -
- i . r . r- - i any place of election in anv State, rtocoin
I ibst. Upon the right of tbe United- 3 '
States Government to use military force to -keep
the peace at the elections formetub-'rs j
of Congress, and,
Second. Upon the right of the govern
ment by civil authority to protect these
elections from violence and fraud.
In addition to tbe sections or the statuto
above quoted tbe following provisions of
law relating to the use of military power at
the election are now in force :
" Sec 2,003. No officer of the army or
navy ot the United Slates shall prescribe or
fix, or attempt to prescribe or fix, by proc
tarnation, order or otherwise, the qualifica
tion of voters in any State, or in any man
ner interfere with tbe freedom of any elec
tion iu any State or with the exercise of the
free right of suffrage in any Sttte.
Sec. 5,529. Every officer or other per
son in tbe military or naval service who by
force, threat, intimidation, order, advice or
otherwise prevents or attempts to prevent
any qualified voters of any State from free
ly exercising the right of suffrage at any
general or special election in the such State,
shall be fined not more than five thousand
dollars and be imprisoned at hard labor not
more than five years.
Sic. 5,500. Every officer of the army or
navy wbo prescribes os fixes or attempts to
prescribe or fix, whether by proclamation,
order, or otherwise, tbe qualification of vo
ters at any election in any State, shall be
punished as provided iu the preceding sec
tion. Sec 5,531. Every officer or olher per
son in tbe military or naval service who by
force, threat, intimidation, order or other
wise, compels or attempts to compel any
officer holding an election in any State to
receive a vote from a person not legally
qualified to vote, or who imposes or at
tempts to impose any regulations for con
ducting any general or special elec tion in a
State diOerent from those prescribed by law,
or who interferes in any manner with any
officer of an election in the discharge ot
bis duty, shall be punished as provided in
svetioo 5,529.
" Sec. 5,532. Every person convicted of
any of the offenses specified iu the five pre-
" sections shall, in addition to the
ceuia.
. . , I i v-
Dtiuishinents n elu scverauj prer.ueu,
disqualified from holding au,
offic "f bon-
or. profit or trust under the United bia."! t
but nothing in these sections shall be con
strued to prevent any officer, soldier, sailor
or marine from exercising tbe right of suf
frage in any election district to which he
may belong, if otherwise qualified accord
ing to tbe laws in which he offers his vote."
SI FF ICIEST TO PBEVEST MIUTACT IXTESFC
BEBCB. The foregoing enactments would seem to
be sufficient to prevent n.ilitary interference
with the elections. But the last Congress,
to remove all apprehension of such inter
ference, added to this body of law section
15 of an act entitled "An act making appro
priations for the support of the army for tbe
fiscal year ending June 30, 1879, and for
other purposes," approved June 18, 1878,
which is as follows :
Sec. 15. From and after the passage of
this act it shall not be lawful to employ any
part of the army of the United States as a
posse comitatus or otherwise for the pur
pose of executing the laws, except in such
cases and nnder aucb circumstances as such
employment of said force may be expressly
authorized by the Constitution or by act of
Congress, and no money appropriated by
this act shall be used to pay any of the ex
penses in the employment of any troops in
violation of this section, and any persona
wilfully violating tbe provisions of this sec
tion shall be deemed guilty of a misde
meanor, and, on conviction thereof, shall be
punished by fine not exceeding 10.000, or
by imprisoument not exceeding two years,
or by both such fine snd imprisonment."
This act passed the Senate after full con
sideration, without a single vote recorded j
against it on ha final passage, and by a ma
jority of more than two-thirds it was con
curred in by the Hotise of Representatives.
Tbe purpose of the section quoted was
stated in tbe Senate by one vf its support
ers follows I
ACTISO WISELT FOB THE F1TTCBE.
Therefore, I hope, without getting into
any controversy about the past, but acting
wisely for the future, we shall Uke away
tbe idea that tbe army can be used by a gen
eral or special deputy marshal, or by any
marshal, merely for election purposes, as a
posse, ordering them about tbe polls or or
dering them anywhere else, when there is
no election going on, to prevent disorders
or to suppress disturbances tbat should be
suppressed by the peace officers of the
state, or if they must bring others to their
aid, they should summon tbe unorganised
citizens, and not summon the officers and
man of tbe army as a posse coniitatus to
quell disorders and thus get np a feeling
which will be disastrous to peace among the
people of tbe country."
OBJECT OF TBE ACT.
In the House of Representatives the ob
ject of the act ot 1878 was stated by the
gentleman who had it in charge in similar
terms. lie said : - But these are all minor
points and insignificant questious compared
wild the great principle which was incorpo
rated by Ibe House in the bill in reference
to tbe use of tbe army iu time of peace.
The Senate had already conceded w hat
tbey called, and what we might accept as
tbe principle, but they bad stricken out tbe
penalty and had sLricVen out the word ex
pressly,' so that the army might be used iu
all cases here implied authority might be
inferred.
" The House committee planted them
selves (irmly upon the doctrine that, rather
than yield this fundamental principle for
which for three years this House bad strug
gled, they would allow the bill to fail not
withstanding tbe reforms which we bad se
curedregarding these reforms as of but
little consequence alongside the great prin
ciple that the army of the United States in
time of peace should be under the coutrol
of Congress and obedient '.o its laws.
After a long and protracted negotiation
the Senate committee have conceded that
principle in all ita length and breadth, in
cluding the penalty which the Senate had
stricken out.
" We bring yon back, therefore, a report
wiih tbe alteration of a single word, which
the lawyers assure me is proper to be made,
restoring to this bill the principle for which
we ha' e contended so long and which is so
vital to secure the rights and liberties of
tbe people.
Thus have we this day secured to the
people of this country the same great pro
tection against a standing army which cost
a struggle of two hundred years for tbe
Commons of England to secure for the
British people."
HO HILl TABT INTEBTEBEXCB WITH Ft.FCTlOSS.
From this brief review of tbe subject it
sufficiently appears tbat under existing laws
there can bo no military interference ith
the elections. Ho case of such interfer
ence has occurred since the passage of tbe
act last referred to. No soldier of the
IT u CAU I 1 ...... ..
piano, evru, ui .uo presi-iic ui iiir.ry
States troops has been made in any quarter.
SO NECESSITY FOB THE BILL.
It may, theiclore, bo confidently stated
there is no necessity for the enactment of
section 6 of the bill before me, to prevent
military interference with elections. The
laws already in force are all that is required
for that end. But that prt of section G of
this bill which is significant and vitally im
portant is the clause which, if adopted, will
deprive the civil authorities of tbe United
States of all power to keep peace at the
Congressional elections. The Congression
al elections in every district, in every im
portant sense, are justly a matter of politi
cal interest aud concern throughout the
whole country. Each Slate, every political
party, is entitled to its share of power
which is conferred by the legal and consti
tutional suffrage.
THE BIGHT OF SrFFBARE.
It is the right of every citizen possessing
the qualifications presciibed by law to cast
one nnintimidated ballot and to bave bis
ballot honestly counted.
So long as tbe exercise of this power and
the enjoyment of this tight are common and
equal, practically as well as formally, sub
mission to results of the suffrage will be
accorded loyally and cheerfully and all the
departments of government will feel the
true vigor of the popular will thus ex
pressed. FEOVISIOXS OF THE CONSTITUTION.
Two provi-ions of the Constitution au
thorize legislation by Congress for the reg
ulation of the Congressional elections.
Section 4 of article I of the Constitution
declares : " Tbe times, places and manner
oi holding elections for Senators and Rep
resentatives shall bo prescribed in each
S tale by the Legislature thereof ; but the
Congress may at any time, by law, make or
alter such regulations, except as to the
places of choosing S enators."
The fifteenth amendment of the Consti
tution is as follows :
Skctiob 1. The right of citizens of the
United States to vote shall not be denied or
abridged by the United States or by any
State ttn account of race, color or previous
condition of servitude.
" Sec 2. The Congress shall tave power
to enforce this article by appropriate legis-
---
The Sprem Court baa held that this
amendm.2 invests the citizens ef the t nited
States with a new ConalitMwnsl right which
is within the protecting power Oi Cor.grcsi.
Tbat right the court declares to be exemp
tion from discrimination in the exercise of
the elective franchise on account of race,
color or previous' condition of servitude.
The power of Congress to protect this right
by appropriate legislation is expressly af
firmed by the court.
SAFEOCABDS TO TUB EIGHT TO VOTE.
National legislation to provide safeguards
lor free and bonest elections is necessary,
as experience has shown, not only to secure
the right to Tote to the enfranchised race at
the South, but also to prevent fraudulent
voting in the large cities of tbe North.
Congress has, therefore, exercised the
power conferred by the Constitution and
bas enacted certain laws to prevent dis
crimination on account of race, color or
previous condition of servitude, and to pun
ish fraud, violence and intimidation at Fed
eral elections.
Attention is called to the following sec
tions of the revised statutes of tbe United
States, viz.:
Section 2,004, which guarantees to all
citizens the right to vote, without distinc
tion on account of race, color or previous
condition of servitude ; sections 2,005 and
2,006, wbicb guarantees to all citizens equal
opportunity, without discrimination, to per
form all tbe acts required by law aa a pre
requisite or qualification for voting ; section
2,022, which authorizes tbe United State
Marshal and his deputies to keep peace and )
preserve order at tbe Federal elections ;
section 2.024, which expres.lv anthorizes
the tanked States Marshal and his deputies
to summon a sse cnmiUtus whenever
they or any of tbera are forcibly resisted in
the exwutloa of their duties under tbe law
or are prevented from executing such duties
by violence ; section 5,522, which provides
for the punishment of the crime of inter
fering wjth the supervisors of elections and
deputy marshals in the discharge of their
duties at election of Representatives in
Congress.
dcties or the nicniti.
These are some of the laws on this sub
ject which it is the duty of the Executive
Department of the government to enforce.
THB I STENT OF THE BILL.
The intent and effect of the sixth section
of this bill is to prohibit all the civil officers
of tbe United States, nnder p-nalty of fine
and imprisonment, from employing any ad
equate civil force for this purpose at places
where their enforcement is most necessary,
namely, at the places where Congressional
elections are held. Among the most valu
able enactments to which I bave referred
are those which protect the Supervisors of
Federal elections in the discbarge of tbeir
duties at tbe polls.
SO POWER VESTED IN TNITEB I TATES OFFICEBS
If the proposed legislation should become
tbe law there will be no power vested in any
officer of the government to protect from
violence the officers of the United States
engaged in the discharge of their duties.
Their rights and duties under the law will
remain, but tbe National Government will
be powerless to enforce its own statutes.
The States may en ploy both military ami
civil power Iu keep the peace and to enforce
tbe laws of the State e'ections.
It is now proposed to deny to the Unib-d
States even the necessnry civil authority to
protect tbe national elections.
No sufficient reason has been given for
this discrimination in favor of the State
and against the national authority.
If well-lounded objections exist against
the present national election laws, all good
citizens sh uM unite in their amendmeut.
The laws pioviiin the safeguards of the
r'ectioos should be impartial, jut and effi
cient. They should, if possible, be so non
pjr(lr..m and fair in their operation that the
minority, the pirty out of power, will bave
no just ground to compin.
THE PBEVENTION OP PBAl'D.
The present laws have, in practice, un
questionably conduced to the prevention of
fraud and violence at the elections. In sev
eral of the States members of the different
political parties bave applied for the safe
guards which tbey fnrnish.
It is the right aud duty of the National
Government to enact and enforce laws
which will secure free and fair Congression
al elections.
The laws now in force should not be re
pealed except in conjunction with the en
actment of measures which will belter ac
complish tbat important end.
WHAT THE BILL WILL DO.
Believing that section 6 of the bill before
mc will weaken, if it does not altogether
take away the powor of the National Gov
ernment to protect the Federal elections by
the civii authority, I am forced to the con
clusion tbat it ought not to receive my aj-
roval. This section i, however, not pre
sented to me as a separate and iudendent
measure, but is, as bas been stated, attach
ed to the bill mat ing the nsual annual ap
propriations for the support of the army.
A VITAL CHANCE.
It makes a vital change in the election laws
of the country, which is in no way connect
ed with the use of the army. It prohibits,
under heavy penalties, any person engaged
in the civil service of the United States
from having any force at the pl.ice of any
election to preserve order, to make arrrsts,
to keep the peace or in any manner to en
force the laws. This is altogether foreign
to the purpose of an army appropriation
bill.
H EASCBES NOT PEBTINENT TO BILLS.
The practice of tacking to appropriation
bills measures not pertinent to such bills
did not prevail until more than forty years
after the aloption ot the Constitution. It
bas become a common practice. All parties,
when in power, have adopted it. Many
abuses and general wasto of public money
have in this way crept iuto appropriation
bills.
Tbe public opinion of the country is
against it.
The States which bave recently adopted
constitutions bave generally provided a
remedy for the evil by enacting that no law
shall contain more than one subject, which
shall be plainly expressed in its title.
The constitutions of more than one-half
of tbe States contain substantially this pro
vision. Tbe public welfare will be promoted
in many ways by a return to the early prac
tice of the government and to tbe true prin
ciples of legislation, which requires tbat
every measure shall stand or fall according
to its owu merits.
If it were understood that to attach to
an appropriation bill a measure irrelevant to
tbe general object of tho bill would imperil
and probably prevent its final passage and
approval, a valuable reform in tbe parlia
mentary practice of Congress would bo ac
complished. Tbe best justification tbat has been of
fered for attaching irrelevant riders to sp
propriation bills is that it is done for con
science' sake to facilitate the passage of
mnsures whkh ate deemed expedient by
all the branches of government which par
ticipate in legislation.
It cannot be claimed that there is any
such reason for attaching this amendment
of the election laws to the army apprupria-
I Kill
1VU lllal
THE BiSTOBY OF THE BIlJ-
The history of the measure contradicts
this assumption.
A majority of the House of Representa
tives in tbe last Congress was in favor of
section 6 of this bill. It was known tbat a
majority of the Senate was opposed to it,
and that as a separate measure it could not
be adopted. It was attached to tbe army
appropriation bill to compel the Senate to it.
It was plainly announced ta the Senate
that the army apprp'Iation bill would not
be allowed to pass unless the proposed
amendment of the election laws were adopt
ed with it. The Senate refused to assent to
the bill on account of this irrelevant sec
tion. Congress thereupon adjourned without
passing an appropriation bill for the army
and the present session of the Forty-sixth
Congress became necessary to furnish the
means to carry on the government.
THriB DEFENSE OF THE BILL WHAT ITS AD
VOCATES SAlb FOB IT.
The ground upon which the action of the
House of Representatives is defended bas
been distinctly stated by many of its advo
cates a week before tbe close of the last
session ol Congress. The doctrine in ques
tion waa stated by one of its ablest defend
ers as follows: It is our duty to repeal
these laws ; it is not worth while to attempt
the repeal except opon an appropriation bill. J
The Hejublican Senate will notagrwrlo nor
tbe Republican President sign a bll. (or socn
repeal. Whatever objection tr legislation
npon appropriation bills may I made in
ordinary cases does not apyfy herw free
elections and the liberty of tte cifisen are
concerned. We have the power to voto
money, let ns annex condifiow to it and
insist npon the redress of grievances.
By another distinguished member of the
House it was said r -The right of tbe rep
resentatives of the people to withhold sup
plies is as old as English liberty. Drftory
rucords numerous instances where tbe Com
mons, feeling that the people were oppress
ed bv the laws that the Lowfs worrld not
consent to repeal by the ordinary methods
of legislation, obtained redress at Uat by
refusing appropriations unless awmpwnied
by relief measures."
That a question of the greatest n;ar
tude and new in this country was raised by
this course of proceedings was fully recog
nized slso bv its defenders in the Senate.
It was said by s distinguished Senator :
Perhaps no greater question, in the form
we are brought to consider it, was ever eon
sidered by the American Congress in time
of peace, for it involves not merely the
menu or demerits of the laws which tho
House bill proposes to repeal, but involves
the rights, the privileges, the powers, the
duties of the two branches of Congress and
of the President of the United States.
M If is a vast question tbat never vet has
been brought so sharply before the Ameri
can Congress and the American people as
it may be now. It is a questwu which
sooner or later must be decided, and the de
cision must determine what are the powers
of the House ot Representatives under the
Constitution and what is tbe duty or that
House in the view of the framers of the
Constitution according to its letter and
spirit. v
Mr. President, I should spproach this
question, if I were in the best possible con
dition to speak and to argue it, with very
grave diffidence, and certainly with tho ut
most asxiety, for no one can think of it as
long and as carefully as I bave thought or
it without seting that we are at tho begin
ning, perhaps, of a strnggle that may last
as long in this country as a similar strug
gle lasted ia what we are accustomed tocall
the motherland. There the struggle lasted
for two centuries before it was ultimately
decided. It is not likely to last so long
here. But it may last until every man in
this chamber is in his grave.
It is the question whether or no the
House of Representatives bas a right to say,
We will grant supplies only upon condi
tion that grievances are redressed ; we are
the representatives of the tax-payers of the
republic ; we tbe House of Representa
tives ..lone have the right to originate
money bills we tbe House of Represen
tatives bave alone the right to originate
bills which grant tbe money or tbe people.
The Senate represents Slates. We repre
sent the tax-payers of the Republic. We,
therefore, by ihe very terms of the C'oosti
tution, are charged with tbe duty of origi
nating tbe bills which grant tbe money of
the people. We claim the right whioH tbe
House of Commons, in Englaud, established
al ter two centuries of contest, to say that
we w ill not grant tbe money or the peoplit
unless there is a redress of grievances.' "
TIKE TO PASS SEPABATE BILLS.
Upon the assembling or Ibis Congress in
pursuance of a call lor an extra session,
which was mule necessary by the failure of
Ihe Forty-fifth Congress to make the need
ful approbations for the support of the
government, tbe ques'ion was presented
whether the attempt made in the last Con
gresa to engraft by construclion a new prin
ciple upon the Constitution should be per
sisted in or not.
This Congress has ample opportunity and
time to pass the appropriation bill and slso
to enact any political measures which may
be determined upon in a separate bill by tbe
usual and orderly methods of proceeding ;
but the majority ol' both house bave deem
ed it wise to adhere to tbe principle assert
ed and maintained in the last Congress by
the majority of the House of Representa
tives.
That principle is tbat the House ot Rep
resentatives has the sole right to originate
bills for raising revenue, and therefore bas
the right to withhold appropriations, npon
which the existence of the government
may depend, unless the Senate and Presi
dent shall give their assent to aDy legisla
tion which the House may see tit to attach
to appropriation Dills.
an I'scoNsTrrrrioNAL change.
To establish this principle is to make a
radical, dangerous and unconstitutional
change in the character of onr institutions.
Tbe various departments of the govern
ment and the army and navy are established
by the Constitution by laws passed in pur
suance thereof. Their duties are clearly
defined aud their support is carefully pro
vided for by law. The money required for
this purposes bas been collected from the
people, and is now in the Treasury, ready
to be paid out as soon as the appropriation
bills are passed. Whether appropiiations
are made or not, tbe collection of taxes will
go on; the public money will accumulate in
the Treasury.
INTENTION 0F THE FCAHEBS OF THE CoNSTI
TITION.
It was not the intention of tbe framers of
the Constitution that any single branch of
the government should bave tbe power to
dictate conditions upon which this treasure
should be applied to tbe purposes for which
it was collected. Any such intention, if it
bad been entertained, would bave been
plainly expressed in the Constitution. Tbat
a majority of tbe Senate cow concurs in tbe
claim of the House adds to the gravity of
sitnation, but does not alter the question at
issue.
THE NEW bOCTfctNl.
Tbe .new doctrine, if maintained, will re
sult in a consolidation ot unchecked and
despotic power in the House of Represen
tatives. A bare majority in the House will
become tbe government. The Executive
will no longer be what the framers of the
Constitution intended, an equal and inde
pendent branch of the government.
THE PBESIDEST's DITT.
It is clearly the constitutional duty of tbe
President to exercise bis discretion and
judgment npon alt bills presented to bim
without constraint or duress from any other
branch of the government. To aay tbat a
majority of either or both of the branches
of Congress may insist on tbe approval of a
bill nnder tbe penalty of stopping all of the
operations of tbe government for want oi
tbe necessary supplies is to deny to the Ex
ecutive that share of tbe legislative power
which is plainly conferred by the second
section of the seventh article of the Con
stitution. It strikes from the Constitution
the qualified negative of tbe President.
It is said that this should be done be
cause it ia tbe peculiar function of the
House of Representatives to represent tbe
will of the people ; but no single branch or
department of the government has exclu
sive authority to speak for tbe American
people.
i
-7 solemn -
Tne most sutnen.". --- .o0.
.ionoftbelrwilliseontamedjo
..itution of the r..ed IS JJ and esfaS"
Constitntlonther dl.
lished a gcrnmentwhosep.' jch
tributedsinongcoinatoo.
Dious co-operation, are
dent o-each other The
country are . ' jp.
of ,he Constitution 'J
otenee of any department of tb. V
nBt.
A PRECEDENT.
The enactment of this bill Into I
branches of the gofemi!, its P v
Uon. -i.lt- .h.j"dg.of-ha. con
Uou bio.. M ne Beans
stitnies a grievance, asw "
and measures ot redress. An a I -f Co
rress to protect elections is now the gnev
rconljuinedof. But -J
on the same principle determ.o M!ba any
Cher act of Congress a treaty mad- by the
preHfeniw rt ad, and consent of
tbe Senate, a nomination or appointment to
office, or that . Vision or opmios , of he
Snprei.Hr Court is a grievance, that tho
meaanr of redress to iflBM the ap
propriations retired for the sport of tb.
offending braack of the government.
Believing tbat this bill is a dangerous vio
lation f tbe spirit and meaning of the Con
.titution. 1 am compelled to return it to the
House, in which it originated, without my
approval.
The qualified negative with which te
Constitution invests the President is a trust
that involves a duty which he caBBot de
cline to pertsrm.
With a firm and consciencious purpose to
dr. what I can to preserve unimpaired the
constitutional lowers aud equal indepen
dence, not tucnly of the Executive, but of
every branch of the government which will
be imperiled by the adoption ol the princi
ple of thia bill, I desire earnestly to nrge
upon the House of Representatives a return
to tbe wise and wholesome usage of the
earlier days of the Republic which exclud
ed from appropriation bills all irrelevant
legislation. By this course yon will inaugu
rate an iiuportsnt reform in the method of
Congressional legislation, your action will
be in harmony with the fundamental prin
ciples of the Constitution aud the patriotic
sentiment of nationality wnkrh ia their firm
support, and you will restore to the coun
try that feeling of confidence and security
and the repose which are so essential to tbe
prosperity of all of our fellow-citizens.
RUTHERFORD B. HAVES.
GEXERAL. items
Over six thousand colored emigrants
have already passed through St. Louis
westward bound.
Tbe manufacture of beet sugar is to
be tried in earnest at Xorlbauapton,
Mass. A factory is to be built and
4U0 acres of beets planted this season
Chicago has thus far contributed
at ut $2 000 to aid tbe destitute ne
groes in Kansas.
Newlin Porter, a colored incendiary,
was lynched at Starkville Miss., oo the
24th nit.
The twisting tubes nsed for sinking
snaits in tne silver ore niiniDg region
near Leadville tol., are made at W ilk
barre.
U. A. Ileese who was seut to tbe
penitentiary abont two jears ago from
Huntingdon county, for shooting Dr
J. A. Shade, is now in Dixiuunt Insane
Asylum at Pittsburg.
The driver of the wagon which over
tnroed Mr. Belmont's carriage in New.
York last week was found guilt en
Maj 1st of carelessnes and negligence
and was sentenced to ten days' impris
onment and $100 fine.
George lleed was arrested in New
v.l . . ... . .
.via vd a warrant I row lmcajro. lie
id under icdiotmect in that city for eon
spiring to defraud tbe government in
the matter of contracts ou the new post
office boilding.
Tbe great walking match in London
bas ended, and Brown carries off tbe
honors and the championship belt of all
England. He made 542 miles bearing.
iur lasiesi recoia dj zt miles, t'orkey
made 4S2, Ilazael 472 and Westcn
450 miles.
The Secret Service bas discovered
remarkable counterfeit of tbe $20
Luited Mates note. All the intricate
figures and corves, nil the bead", the
seal and fibre in the paper are almost
perfectly connterfetted with pen and
ink.
Tbe way a camel whipped an elechant
is stated by a dispatch from Pongb
keepsie as follows t Mat 2. tbe ele
phaot Bolivar, of Van Ambureii's men
agerie was attacked by camel while
the exbiibition was in progress at Paw
lings, day or two ago, and tbe ele.
pbaot was badly injured. Tbe camel
caught the elephant's trunk in bis teeth
and lacerated it in a terrible manner.
Tbe camel haj to be choked with chains
before be would let gt The elephant
which is said cost $10,000. is .till
suffeimg severely from bis wounds.
During the fight tbe audience was panic-stricken.
Tbe roar of the eleohant
could be beard a long distance.
It appears from the following th,t
Electorio Light is coming forward aa a
great illuminator: Cleveland, O.
April 29. The regular liphiin r
Monumental Park, in this city with the
crusn electric light commenced thia
evening at eight o'clock, it being tbe
first regular poblie lighting w.th tbe
electric lijht of any city in United
Slates. There were 10.000 neonla i-
tbe Park at tbe time appointed for
lighting. The effect was brilliant in
the extreme, anJ fully demonstrates the
success of tbe light. This system gives
a three times more effective illumina
tion than was formerly given by 110
gas burners, there being but twelve
electric candles nsed. Thia light nnder
contract costs the eity $100 per year
less than tbe gas formerly nsed.
statVitems.
Diphtheria bas attacked horses in
Chester county.
The pocket of a policeman was pick
ed in Easton, on Satnrday night, while
be patrolled bis beat.
Charles Hutchinson, dairyman,
near Pu'sburg, bad an encounter with
a eow that well-nigh eost bim hie life.
He was thrown into tbe air three timet.
Joel Angstadt, at Pikeville, Berks
eounty, was robbed of $37 in money
tbe oth"r night by footpajg, who
knocked bim down nod left bim uncon
scious on tbe road.
Jacob Gerlacb, aged twelve years
was dangeronsly wonnded in Lancaster
on Monday afternoon week by tbe
discharge of a pistol he waa examining
with a companion.
Legal JS'JtUf.
Asliniaf9lrafar,ftr9rtlC0.
..... S- L. J ,
i(mt Of JBtce icw.
f ETTERS of Administration it tmiw,
JJ having been grantl to th under
signed on the estate of Michael F unit, de
ceased all persons Indebted to said estate
art revested to malt- immediate payment,
and all persons having claims against said
Mexico, Juniata Co., Pa.
JlpTil 9, IS7$.
CAUTfO.f.
A hi persons are hereby cautioned not tv
allow ttw.T Tg M raw, or tbewaerres
to fish, hunt, gather berries, break or open
fences, or cnt wood or young timber, or in
,ny unnecessary way trespass on the lands
of the undersigned.
M R. Beshore. 3C. . J. H. Wilson.
David Hetrick. Her flartman.
Thomas Benner. Thompson.
Christian ShoarTstall. William Hetrick.
John Holier. Dvk1 Seber.
Henry Kloss. ", 'i
CAvrtort sot it e.
A IX persons are berebV r;-.it!:imed agninsf
trespassing upon the Unda of the un
dersigned, in Payette, Delaware or Walker
township, by Balling, hunting, or u an
oinrr j
Jonathan Kiser
vfm BranlhofTer
Heiiry S piece
Catharine Kurt
John .VcMeeu
D B Dimm
it VT Smith
S J KurtB
Henry Anker
'oab Cameron
J W Hosteller
Christian Kurtz
J.sse Pine
Oct 24, 18T8
C G Shelly
A H Kurti
David Smith
S Owen EvsnV
Teston Benner
Daniel Spicbrr
John L Auker
J B liarber
S M Kaufl'iuan
J F Dettra
John Lycora
David IfriabergeV
Arnold VarneS
ctrnoi SOTICE.
ALL persons are brebv cautioned not to
allow their dogs cattle or hogs to run,
or themselves to Ibh, hunt, gather berries,
ov cut wood or yonng timber, or in any way
trespass on the hurfs of the unlersigued iir
Greenwood cr Suviuehanna township.
Peter Miller Henry Rush
Daniel Shadle George Dresnler
E Long at 3 Rrmsi Frederick Koat
Joel Dressier Jonathan Miller
ov 20, 1178
C.it'TIO.B NOTICE.
ALL person are hereby canlioned again!
trexp-issing on tbe lands of the under
signed either iu Delaware or Walker town
ship, for tbe purpose ot fishing or bunting,
or for any other purpose.
L. E. Ateisso.
V. A. LrKEss.
oct31-tf G.S.Li'kess.
NOTICE.
ALL persons are hereby cautioned against
trespaxsing, fr bunting, or other por
pmes, on Ihe lands of the undersigned, in
Mill'ord township, Juniata county.
I1e.vbt Gbo.hsoib, K. E. Bebbt.
Johx Ccxsixohaw, IIisbi Cbaxib.
Dee 10, l77-tf
Sew Alcertiements.
NEW STORE
IN McALISTEUVILLE.
Grand Opening I Great Bargains !
SD. WATTS has just returned from
a Philadelphia with Ibe largest aasorl
Bient of
DRY GOODS, GROCERIES,
Notion, Fancy Goods, Boots. Shoes, Hats,
Hats, Caps, Q'lwnsware, Wood and
Willow Ware, Hardware,
DRUGS, PA UTS A.IO OfLS,
ever brought to McAlisterville, which will
be sold at
REDUCED PRICES.
All kinds of Produce, Meat, Dried Fruit,
Grain and Seed of all kinds taken ia ex
change for Goods.
Cy Call and examine our stock, in tho
room formerly occupi.-d bv J R. Boughner,
opposite the National UotI, 3;Alisterville,
Juniata county, Pa.
. , S. D. WATTS.
April 2, 1879
JU1XIATA VALLEY BASK,
OFMIFFLI JTOWX, PA.
wrra
BRANCH AT PORT ROYAL.
Stockholders Individually Liable.
J. SEVIX POMEROT, Prendent.
T. TAX IRWIX, CssAitr.
Dim rr- a
J. Xevin Pomeroy, Jowph Roitrwk.
Amos G. Bonsall, Louia E. Atkinson.
W. C. Pomeroy,
STOCUOLDVaa
Pbfi.!7 V"""' J,'ne, B- Okeson,
r ... nrptr,
Joseph Hothrnrk
Wm. Van Swerinwn.
SamT Heir's Heirs,
Jane H. Irwin,
Stary Kom,
Samuel M. Knrtx,
J- Holmes Irwin,
T. V. Irwin.
P. B. Frow.
John Hertzler.
u23, 1878-tf
George Jacobs,
A. B. AtklnitAa
" C. Ponterov.
Arnos (i. Rnnull
Noah Herteler, '
ir.-.nitj blonfler,
Charlotte Snyder,
KENNEDY & DOTY,
(Successors to Buyers ft. Kennedy ,
DEALERS IX
GRAIN,
CEMENT,
Calcined Plaster. Land Plaster
SEEDS, SALT, JtC.
We bu, Grn, to bo delivered at Maw
town or Xexko. Mlffl,a
We are prepared to furnish Salt
at reaaonahla ,...
to deals
w.ai(
.2l, 1877-ffENl,EDTtT.
A. A. J VjXi.
Abt person wishing a FrratT
-ill save to ao per?3, rE.
e FAVORITE OuS?Se V
manufactory, i v. .' tho
ervice ofi,! V with, rho
ALEX. McKJUjps.
1878-6ra i ..If "
; -water, ru
ra.
paper ln tho Jnni,,. .
rge a quantity of read, n. 7 Nwhea
general read