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B. F. SCHWEIER,
THE CONSTITUTION THE CNION AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAWS.
Editor and Proprietors
VOL. XXVIII.
MIFFLINTOWN, JUNIATA COUNTY, TENNA., APRIL 15, 1S74.
NO. 15.
Poetry.
A Knewdrop.
Oat fron m grass plot.
A snowdrop cans peepiag ;
Sti early ia sarinf
That the ffaraea waa slseplaa; ;
Every lealot ana baa
Wrapped ia aft of kaeplaf .
There was bard 17 a bird.
Though a host ware boob eoninf ;
A ad the bees were all hived,
Yon e mid aot hear ona humming.
Bat a faint little soathwiaa.
Came hitherward roaming.
The snn-hina was aoft
Not Jalv's scorching ipleador,
Hot pale gdden gleams
That were loving and tender ;
And the saowdrop each Might
Fell the bright dew befriend her.
She taw the drift melt.
Of tbe laat enow that waited.
She heard whea the north wind
Hit fierceness nbated.
She knew when the lee
Fled alarmed and belaud.
0t the cool, sunny air !
of the clear sky above berl
O, the birds that ere long
Sweetly singing few overt
O, the green springing graaa
That crept round her to love her !
As pale as the snow-drifta.
Like them she'll soon leave as ;
Though we praise the warm summer,
8be will aot believe as.
She will vanish one day.
Pretty blossom, aad grieve n.
"Let the roses delight
la the hot, fervid summer.
Let the gardeas be gay
With each brilliant late-comer.
Bat choose my spriag 1"
Is tfc) snowdrop's soft murmur.
3Ii!iceIIaii-.
Liszt at Home.
I ara having the most heavenly time
here in Weimar, studying with Liszt,
and sometimes I can scarcely realize
that I am at that summit of my ambi
tion to be hit pnpil ! It was the Fran
von S.'s letter that secured it for me, I
am snre. He is so overrun with people
that I think it a wonder he is civil to
anybody, bnt he is the most amiable
man I ever knew, though he can be
dreadful too, whon he chooses, and he
understands how to put people outside
his door in as short a space of time a&
it can be done. I go to him three times
a week. At home Liszt doesn't wear
his long abbe's coat, but short one,
in which he looks mnch more artistic
His figure is remarkably slight, but his
head is most imposing. It is o deli
cious in that room of hia 1 It was all
furnished and put in order for him by
the Grand Duchess herself. The walls
are pale gray, with a gilded border run
ning round the room, or rather, two
rooms, which are divided, but not sepa
rated, by crimson curtains. The furni
ture is crimson, and everything is so
comfortable, such a contrast to German
bareness and stiffness generally. A
splendid grand piano stands in one win
dow (he receives a new one every year.)
The other window is always wide open
and looks out on the park. There is a
dove-cote just opposite the window.and
the doves promenade np and down on
the roof of it, and fly about, and some
times whir down on the sill itself. That
pleases Liszt. His writing-table is
beautifully fitted np with things that
all match. Everything is in bronze,
ink-stand, paper-weight, match-box,
etc, and there is always a lighted can
dle standing on it by which he and the
gentlemen can light their cigars. There
is a carpet on the floor a rarity in Ger
many and Liszt generally walks about.
and smokes, and mutters (he can never
be said to talk,) and calls upon one or
other of us to play, i rom time to time
he will sit down and play himself, where
a passage does not suit him, and when
he is in good spirits he makes little
jests all the time. His playing was a
complete revelation to me, and has
given me an entirely new iusight into
music. Ton cannot conceive, without
hearing him, how poetic he is, or the
thousand nuance that he can throw
into the simplest thing, and he is
equallv treat on all sides. From the
zephyr to the tempest, the whole scale
j- .il -1.1 1 T' 1
IM equally at ills ouiuuimi-u x vo ueguu
to stndv now in an entirely new way,
and I feel that every time I go to him
it is worth a thousand dollars to me.
Atlantic Monthly.
Walter Savage Laador.
There is one subject upon which
those who think that what I have to
Bav on it is of the nature of speaking ill
of a friend, will consider that it were
better to be silent. 1 should think so
with them, and should abstain from
touching the matter I allude to, if I
agreed with them in the first proposi
tion. But differing from them on this
point, and feeling strongly that it is
absolutely due to any honest profession
of opinion, to allow such profession to
have and to exercise all such authority
and influence as it may be capable of
exercising, and as he who courageously
professed it would have wished it to
have, I do not hesitate to say that Lan
dor was no believer in any of the creeds
which are founded on the belief in
written revelation. Were there any
possibility of doubt upon the subject, I
should not make this statement. Bnt
it was not in his nature to conceal any
sentiment of opinion, and hia own ut
terances on the subject were of the
frankest. I remember to have seen
many years ago a long time before I
had ever known him a long letter
from him in which he maintained the
superiority of the old classical pagan
ism to any of the forms of faith which
have superseded it. In fact, in this re
spect, as in many others, he was the
most antique-minded man I have ever
met with. Without being a profound or
exact classical scholar according to the
standard of a day enbseqnent to his
own, his mind and taste had been fed
and nurtured on classical studies, and
especially on classical poetry, from his
youth upward. In his tastes and sym
pathies he was essentially pagan. In
his modes of thinking and feeling re
specting the most important of sail the
questions that can occupy the mind of
man he was professed equally bo. It is
not for me to say, or to guess even,
how far such feelings and opinions in
hia case were the result of temperament,
and how far they proceeded from ex
amination and reflection. That he had
thought much was sufficiently shown,
if by nothing else, by the letter I have
spoken of. But Landor was to a re
markable degree one of those men
whose thin-ring processes upon every
subject are inextricably intermingled
with and influenced by their emotional
processes, t,ipiincott'M Magazine
The dog ofttimes has more intelli
gence than hia master. 1
WAS IT A GHOST.
John Barney quitted his Uncle Ban
nister's mansion, where he had been
brought up, to spend some months with
a relative of his deceased mother in the
city of C . The time of his absence
appeared very long to Mr. Bannister.
He had never before been separated
from the youth, who was, in fact, the
sole remaining tie that bound him to
existence. He was looking forward
with delight to the moment in which he
should welcome him to a home that he
secretly determined he would not again
consent to his quitting, when he re
ceived a letter from his relation, Mrs.
Martin, informing him that John was
dangerously ill, and entreating him to
lose no time in coming to them. It was
evident from the tone in which the
letter was written that the writer's fears
were even greater than she ventured to
express.
Poor Mr. Bannister, therefore, anti
cipated the worst. He thought that
death was about to rob him of the only
stay of his declining years, and he set
out for Mrs. Martin's bouse in a state
of mind bordering on despair.
'Is he alive ?" was his first question
on alighting at the door.
"Alive I yes, but "
"Show me to his presence," said Mr.
Bannister in a hnskv voice.
"That must not" be," replied Mrs.
Martin ; "he is so weak that the least
surprise would perhaps kill him."
"He shall not be surprised," rejoined
Mr. Bannister. "I will not speak, nor
even stir, only allow me to see my
nephew."
Mrs. Martin led him in silence to the
chamber where John Barney was lying.
Ah ! what a Bight met his eye. The
youth whom he had seen so recently in
the highest glow of health and manly
beauty, was extended on his bed in a
death-like slumber, that seemed the
precursor of his dissolution. It was
only the eye of affection that could
trace in his sunken and ghastly fea
tures, the resemblance to what he had
so recently been.
All the uncle's self-command was
scarcely adequate to repress the anguish
of his bouL He hastened from the
room, Mrs. Martin following him. She
informed him that about a fortnight
before, the spirits and appetite of John
Barney began to fail him, but he made
no complaint. She wished to summon
a physician, but he resolutely declined,
saying that nothing ailed him, and that
be would soon be himself again. His
illness, however, increased rapidly, and
she called in a physician, who declared
there was very little hope of saving his
patient's life.
The sentence of his own death would
have been comparatively welcome to
poor Mr. Bannister.
"Uod s will be done, said he, but
added with a quivering lip, "and if it
be His will, may I soon follow my poor
boy."
The physician at this moment arrived
and charged the uncle that he must not
venture to make himself known to his
nephew, at least for some hours. It
was then late at night, and Mr. Ban
nister, exhausted by his long journey,
which he had pursued without inter
mission, yielded to Mrs. Martin's press
ing request to retire for a few hours to
bed. The nurse who attended John
was an old and faithful servant, npon
whom Mrs. Martin could entirely rely.
That lady herself also slept in a small
chamber and adjoining that of the
young man, and visited his apartment
generally two or three times during tbe
night.
"To-morrow," said she to Mr. Can
nes ter. "I will rive up my room to yon.
You will then have an opportunity of
seeing him from hour to hour ; but for
to-night you mast seek a little sound
repose."
Mr. Bannister felt that Bleep was im
possible, but he was too much exhausted
to argue the point, so be retired to tbe
chamber prepared for him. It was a
large, old-fashioned apartment, its im
mense size and antique furniture gave
it altogether a gloomy air, which added
to the deep depression of his spirits.
He tried for a long time in vain to
sleep ; and he had just begun to close
bis eyes, when a slight noise startled
him. He rose up in his bed, and be
held a figure dressed in white, and cov
ered with a long veil, close to his bed
post. Surprise, perhaps terror, chained
his tongue. The figure glided on ; he
saw it distinctly reach the extremity of
his room, and then vanish. Springing
from his bed, and seizing a light, he
ran to the spot at which it had disap
peared, in expectation of finding a door.
There was none. He then turned to
that of his chair ber. It remained
locked. Unwilling still to give credit
to the belief that he had seen a super
natural visitor, he carefully searched
every part of the room ; but in vain.
No trace of the figure could be found,
and he was driven to believe that either
his imagination had deceived him, or
that he had really beheld a spectre.
"Was it a ghost? he asked himself.
"Pshaw ! impossible. Besides, for
what purpose could it come ?"
He caused, for his conscience ac
quitted him of crime, save the common
frailties of humanity, and more com
posed, he threw himself npon his bed,
and tried in vain to sleep.
After some time he arose and, dress
ing himself, proceeded to the apartment
of his nephew. He found the old nurse
in tears.
"All is over, said she to him softly.
"Oh, heaven I" exclaimed Mr. Ban
nister. "Is he then dead 7
"Xo. he still lives," replied the
. . , . .
nurse, "but nis lasi moments are last
drawing on."
Mr. Bannister fell npon his knees by
the side of the bed. He scarcely dared
look upon his nephew's face. And when
he did so. what was his astonishment
and joy to find him in a tranquil sleep.
"W re ten I ne cnea w me nurse,
"why would you crush the little hope
that still remains in me?"
'Hope, exclaimed the nnrse, "there
1 i a 1 4
is none, lie nas receiveu u ia
warning, and poor soul, he knows it,
too, for I distinctly heard him say, '
come !"
At this moment Mrs. Martin entered
the room, and her interrogations drew
from tbe old woman an account oi ner
having seen a female, robed in white,
hendinir over the invalid. Whether
the spectre had spoken, the nnrse could
not say, but she distinctly heard John
Burney say, "I come."
What followed sne Knew not, ior,
with a sudden impulse of terror, sne
threw herself bv the side of the bed.
and hid her face in it, and when she
ventured to look np, the figure had
disappeared. -
Mrs. Martin treaiea mis story as we
mere effect of a disordered imagination.
Mr Bannister would have gladly
thought the same, but he could not
forget the figure he had himself seen,
and though not much tinctured with
superstition, he found that the last
moments of his nephew were indeed
drawing to a close.
Nevertheless, the siumDer oi toe
invalid was long and tranquil. The
physician arrived, and pronounced that
the crisis of the disorder was approach
ing, and from the tranquil appearance
of the patient, he augured a favorable
result. He was right. John Burney
slept for more than ten hours, and
when he awoke he was free from fever.
and the physician, who, at Mr. Bannis
ter's desire, had not quitted his bed
side, declared that, with proper care,
his recovery was almost certain. The
nurse, however, shook her head in dis
sent, and Mr. Bannister, who hardly
dared hope, could not help repeating
to himself, "Was that a ghost I saw ?
We shall see.
The next door neighbor of Mrs. Mar
tin was a widow, who had a charming
daughter. The families were not ac
quainted, bnt as the gardens joined.
John Barney had not been long in in
troducing himself to the young lady,
whom he saw almost every day over the
low fence. Her mother was then from
home, and she was left under the care
of an old aunt, who rarely stirred from
the house ; and as the habits of Mrs.
Martin were also very sedentary, the
young people had consequently many
opportunities of meeting unobserved.
They talked not of love, however,
though they both felt it, until one
morning John Barney surprised the
fair Sophie in tears, and learned that
they were caused by the expected
arrival of a suitor whom she had never
seen, bat for whom her mother informed
her she was to entertain the liveliest
affection.
We may believe that this intelligence
unsealed the lips of John Barney, but
he pleaded in vain. Sophie did not
attempt to deny that she loved him,
but she regarded her passion as a crime
against the duty she owed to her
mother, and she avowed her determina
tion of conquering it
"You avow, then, that you are deter
mined to forget me and marry another,"
cried the distracted John Burney.
Sophie's tears flowed fast, but she
only replied in a voice suffocated by
sobs, "I must do my duty."
John Barney quitted her, as he be
lieved, in anger. The following morn
ing she was not in the garden. Day
after day passed, and she did not ap
pear. He, however, fonnd means to
get a letter conveyed to her, bat it was
returned unopened.
The mother and the lover at length
arrived, and John, believing his fate to
be sealed, gave himself np to a despair
which soon threatened the most fatal
consequences.
Meanwhile the tender and dutiful
Sophie suffered no less than her lover.
It was in vain she strove to reconcile
herself to the choice her mother had
presented her. The form of John
Burney was forever before her eyes.
But her sense of duty was too strong to
permit her to relax in her rigor, till she
found that the effects of it were such as
to endanger her lover's life. Then,
indeed, she bitterly regretted her
severity, and mentally vowed to live
and die for him alone. But how was
she to convey to him this resolution ?
She dared not apprise her mother of
her sentiments ; she had no confident,
no friend, upon whom she coald rely to
reveal them to her lover, and procure
access to him herself was impossible
In this dilemma a plan occurred to her,
which nothing but the force of love
could have enabled her to execute.
Some time before, her mother had
occupied tbe house in which Mrs. Mar
tin then resided, and Sophie had acci
dentally discovered a secret door which
opened from Mr. Bannister's chamber
into that in which she herself slept.
At the end of Mr. Bannister's apartment
a recess had been formed in the wall,
capable of concealing several persons ;
a sliding panel in Mr. Bsnnister's room
and another from the recess gave ad
mission to the chamber where John
Burney lay ilL Before Mr. Bannister
came, his chamber had been untenanted
and Sophie conceived that she would
have nothing to dread in passing
through it to the recess which opened
into John's apartment, She had already
entered Mr. Bannister's chamber before
she was aware of her mistake, but his
stillness made her conclnde that be was
asleep ; and while he hesitated about
following her, she had gained the re
cess unobstructed. There she concealed
herself till she found that all was quiet,
when she ventured into the chamber
of her lover, whose bed happened to be
close to the door which gave her ad
mission. .
Oh ! what a joyful and unexpected
sight it was for poor John Burney. No
wonder that he could not believe
his senses. No wonder that in his
first emotions he conceived it to be
the disembodied spirit of his beautiful
Sophie, and that he exclaimed, as the
nurse had truly reported, "I come."
But a few words from Sophie's lips
convinced him that she came not to
summon him to another world, but to
bid him live for her, and lest the scene
should appear to him in after hoars to
have sprung only from a disordered
brain, or an exalted imagination, she
left with him a memorial of its reality,
which he could not doubt a ring which
he well remembered to have seen her
wear. The sight of this npon his finger,
when he awoke after his long and tran
quil sleep, assured him that his bliss
was real, and in the first moments of his
recovery, he was sensible only to the
delightful thought, that Sophie had
vowed to live for him and him alone.
But doubts and anxieties began to
mingle with the hopes to which this
assurance had given rise. One day, as
his uncle sat by his bedside, he took
notice that his countenance changed
several times.
"John," said he, "you are in pain"
"Alas ! yes," replied the nephew.
"Where, my boy ?" asked Mr. Ban
nister. "Oh ! dear uncle, if I dared to tell
you !"
"Dared to tell me! What, you, whom
I love as my own soul, you to have a
secret from me, and this secret perhaps
the cause of your illness ?" exclaimed
Mr. Bannister.
"My dear uncle, you shall know alL
I love a charming girL"
"Very well, there is no harm in that,"
quickly responded his uncle.
"She loves me, too, continued John.
"So much the better," cried his uncle
rubbing bis hands in glee, "you shall
be married directly."
"But her mother intends to give her
to another, who is richer than I am,"
sighed John.
"Fear nothing," answered his uncle,
"only tell me her name."
"Sophie Gait, the daughter of our
next door neighbor," cried John.
His uncle staid to hear no more. In
ten minutes he was in the drawing-room
of Mrs. Gait, whom he found in no very
placid humor, for she had just been
urging her daughter in vain to fix day
for her marriage.
ladam," said Mr. Bannister, "I
come to ask my life at your hands."
"Mrs. Gait, mistaking the nature of
the impulsive address, blushed and
drew np. She was still a fine woman,
and might easily have been pardoned
for supposing her charms had subdued
the sturdy Mr. Bannister. Bat, too
polite to betray what she thought, she
asked, in a reserved tone, what the visit
meant
"Madam, you have a beautiful
daughter, so at least I am told, and
can well believe it, now that I have seen
you. I have a nephew, young, hand
some ; in short, a nt match for ner.
"Sir " replied Mrs. Gait, with some
asperity, "my daughter is engaged."
"Pardon me, madam, she is not"
"How, sir," responded Mrs. Gait, the
color rising to her cheeks, "do you dis
pute my word ?"
"Not at all," replied Mr. Bannister ;
"but I beg leave to convince yon that
you are mistaken.
"Mistaken 1" echoed the lady.
" lea, for tbe intended marriage is
not practicable, continued the visitor.
"And why ?" questioned Mrs. Gait
"Because my nephew adores your
daughter, and she loves him. He has a
tolerable fortune of his own, but I have
one still better to give him, and, as I
am determined this match shall take
place, I tell you frankly, that you will
risk three lives if you strive to prevent
it, for your intended son-in law must
measure swords with me, as well as my
nephew, before he robs my boy of the
chosen of his heart
Mrs. Gait was a humane woman. She
hated bloodshed, and had, besides, no
aversion to money. The words, "he
has a tolerable fortune of his own, and
I have one still better to give him,"
had their weight A little conversation
with Mr. Bannister convinced her, that
he was ready to make any pecuniary
sacrifice for his nephew's happiness,
and she took care to propose very hard
conditions, to which he acceded with a
readiness that settled the matter at
once. The lovers were soon united,
and they made it a principal part of
their happiness to form that of the
generous benefactor who procured it
for them.
John Barney was even more submis
sive and attentive to his uncle's wishes
than he had been before his marriage,
while from Sophie Mr. Bannister ex
perienced the duty and affection of a
daughter, though she could never pre
vail upon herself to reveal the secret of
her appearance in his chamber, and he
on his part as carefully kept the knowl
edge of the supposed apparition from
nis nephew and niece, lest he should
cloud their happiness by introducing
superstitions fears into their minds.
The thing is therefore to this hour
unaccounted for. It still forms the
occasional subject of Mr. Bannister's
ruminations, and sometimes, when he
finds himself unable to sleep, he looks
around his chamber (where he has ever
since, contrary to his usual custom,
burned a light) with a sort of anxious
curiosity, saying to himself, "Did I,
after all, really see a ghost ?"
Tbe Holy Sepule her.
The Rev. Alfred Charles Smith, M.
A., in his "Pilgrimage Through Pales
tine," thus speaks of Jerusalem : "Of
course the first attraction to every
Christian pilgrim in Jerusalem must of
necessity be the Holy Sepulcher, and
hither, within half an hour of our ar
rival at the tents, we bent our steps ;
and on every day of oar sojourn in Jeru
salem we made a point of visiting the
church which contains the spot which
in all the world is, out of comparison,
the most venerated by the Christian.
It was certainly very repngnant to our
feelings on descending the broad flights
of steps which led to the church, and
on entering the great door, to see jnst
within the precincts a row of Turkish
soldiers sitting on a divan smoking
their narghilehs, andchattingand laugh
ing in total unconcern for the reverence
felt by Christians for this thrice-ho!y
place. It was, perhaps, still more hu
miliating to reflect why these sneering
followers of the false prophet were pre
sent, and to recollect that their sole ob
ject within the building is to repress
the violent contentions of the rival
churches and sects, which would inevita
bly proceed to continued feuds but for
the overpowering presem of the armed
guard. Notwithstanding this, one could
not bnt feel indignant as well as morti
fied at the custody of the most holy of
Christian sites being committed to the
Moslems, and one began to understand
something of the fiery zeal which ani
mated tbe Crusaders in their brave
efforts to rescue the Holy Sepulcher
from the hands of the infidel Soon,
however, all thoughts of the Turkish
guard were forgotten, as we found our
selves at the very threshold of the tomb
of our Blessed Lord '. and then we fol
lowed in the line of the pilgrims who
are always congregated here ; and re
moving our shoes at the vestibule,
entered, when onr turn came, into the
Chapel of the Angel, so named as com
memorating the spot where the blessed
messenger of heaven was seen by the
holy woman sitting on the stone which
he had rolled back from the door."
The miaister-Idol.
It had long ceased to be at Mr. Dil
lingham's option to return to South
Carolina,and he mast have congratulated
himself on having found so pleasant a
haven as Bivermouth to rest in until
the simoom blew over. And certainly
Bivermouth congratulated itself on
sheltering so brilliant a young divine.
I happened to be there at that period,
recovering from a protracted illness, and
I had the privilege of witnessing spec
tacle which is possible only a genteel
decayed old towns, like that in which
the scene of my story lies. To see one
or two hundred young New England
maidens burning incense and strewing
flowers before a slim young gentleman
in black is a spectacle worth witnessing
once in the course of one's life.
The young man who, putting behind
him the less spiritual rewards of other
professions, selects the ministry as the
field of his labors drawn to his work
by the consciousness that it is there his
duty points is certain to impress us
with the purity of his purpose. That
he should exert a stronger influence over
onr minds than a young lawyer does, or
a young merchant, or a young man in
any respectable walk of life, is easily
understood. But a young man, because
he buttons the top button of his coat
and wears a white neck-tie, is not nec
essarily a person of exalted purpose or
shining ability. Yet he is apt, without
any very searching examination, to be
so regarded in some of our provincial
towns. I think the straight-cut black
coat must possess a subtile magnetism
in itself, something analogous to the
glamour there is in the uniform of a
young naval or army officer. How else
shall we explain the admiration which
we have many time seen lavished on
very inferior young men 1
I am not speaking in this vein of the
Rev. James Dillingham. The secret of
his popularity was an open secret It
was his manly bearing and handsome
face and undeniable eloquence that
made him a favorite at once in Iiiver-
month, and would have commended him
anywhere. If Mr. Dillingham turned
the heads of all the young women in the
parish, he won the hearts of nearly all
the elderly people also. 1 think he
would have done this by his amiability
and talents, if he had not been rich or
young or handsome. If he had been
married ? WelL I cannot say about that
A young unmarried clergyman, espec
ially if he is rich, is likely to be well
thonght of in a sequestered valley
where there are a surplus of blooming
lucheis and a paucity of available Ja
cobs. Atlantic Monthly,
The Elm.
I have always associated the oldest
houses in New England with the elm. I
allude in particular to those which were
old at the beginning of this century,
having two stories in front, the roof
sloping down to one story in the rear.
When our ancestors began to build
houses in a different style, they planted
other trees. I was surprised during my
perigrinations to find so many of these
old houses unattended by their sentinel
elm. I cannot believe that a wooden
house would outlast an elm planted
when the house was built, but in some
cases the house may have been built
under a full-grown elm, which has since
perished from the infirmities of age.
On the other hand, there are ancient
houses still extant that seem to be older
than the elm that shades them. The
old Fairbanks house in Dedham was
built in 1G3C, but the elms that sur
round them seem to be less than two
hundred years old ; for the elm is not a
long-lived tree.
I hose houses are in a more modern
style which are shaded by bnttonwood
trees. They are generally of a cubic
form, with a hurricane roof, and con
tain four nearly equal rooms on a floor,
and seldom more than two stories.
When this new style of building be
came popular, the publio were growing
weary, perhaps, of the monotony, of
elms, which were almost exclusively
used for shade trees in the earliest
epoch of our history. The houses,
therefore, which are graced by the plane
tree, or the bnttonwood, were probably
built fifty or sixty years later than those
with elms ; and the oldest bnttonwood
is, perhaps, not so old by a century as
the oldest elm. The bnttonwood is not
indigenous in New England. It was
transplanted from the Middle States,
and waa, I suppose, chiefly used by
wealthy people of a certain period, who
were pleased to distinguish their es
tates from those of poorer citizens.
I he houses of wealthy old r.nglisb
settlers may be identified by the pres
ence of the English elm, a sturdy tree
that resembles in some points a tall oak
more than an American elm. Among
the wealthy Tories who resided in New
England, this royal elm was a favorite
tree ; and it seems to have been planted
at the same time with the bnttonwood ;
but the houses which it accompanies
are somewhat more ornate in their style
and more frequently have three stones,
than those shaded by the plane. When-
! ever yon find the English elm before an
old house, you may be sure it marks
the residence of some early Governor of
the State or colonv, or of some other 1
civil officer of roval appointment. I
hv nlo remrke.l that itis a habit of i
.,, , ,1 , ,,,-.
P. . . . .
this country the English elm is allied
with the old Tory aristocracy; the Ame
rican elm with primitive republican sim
plicity, with the cottages of the people,
and particularly with the homestead of
the rnritan. Vilon Flagg.
Climate of the Katern
Mate.
Atlantic !
In all our farming operations the
winters enter into serious calculations.
A long winter season means expensive
cattle feed, and consequently dimin
ished profits. The trouble generally is
that mild winters mean hot dry sum
mers, and thus we lose at one end what
we gain at the other. In the nice even
balance of climate adapted to the best
agricultural results, we doubt whether
any States will excel Pennsylvania,
Maryland, and Delaware. Here for
instance in the vicinity of Philadelphia,
we had no frost to speak of till the first
of November. Bare flowers, usually ,
killed by the least white frost, were in
full blossoms np to that time. The
tuberose, dahlia, geranium, and other
things, usually suffering from cold be
fore the white frosts come, were bloom
ing then. Even np to this time, with
the first week in November gone, the
thermometer has only once, and for a
few hours only, gone below thirty-two
degrees. Cattle graze in the pastures
as comfortably as ever, and will do so
probably for a month to come. It is
indeed rare that any very severe weather
comes on before the middle of Decem
and it is often near Christmas before
the real winter sets in. Beyond all this,
it very often happens that February is
quite mild, and once in awhile there is
no severe weather to speak of after the
end of January.
It reads strange to us at this distance
North to read early in the season of
severe frosts South. Thus, in the mid
dle of October, a Petersburg (Virginia)
paper came to hand, telling us that
"Jack Frost, the harbinger of the old
winter king, paid his devoirs to this
vicinity on several occasions during the
past week," and about the same time
to read that ice quarter of an inch
thick was formed at Memphis. As we
know that frost destroys yellow fever,
people might well be glad to know that
frost comes so soon there still, as a
fact in climatio studies, it has bearing
on the great agricultural question of
the day.
There are, of coarse, plenty of places
which have some advantages over the
States we have named. Emigrants can
often do better by traveling as they do,
to other places, than if they had staid
at home, even though they left the best
advantages behind them ; but the cli
mate of these Eastern Middle States,
not so Very hot or dry for any length of
time, and though so severe at times in
winter, yet of comparatively short dura
tion, ought surely not be among the
things that grumblers should take um
brage at
Chess Antique.
Before the first stone of the Egyptian
pyramids was laid, before the Petteia
of the Greeks and the Latrunculi of the
Romans were thought of, Chatoranga,
the primeval chess of the Hindoos had
for centuries, remarks the Athentum,
been the cherished pastime in India.
Even that limited branch of chess of
which the book "Chess Problems or
End Games'' is an illustration was prac
tised in Arabia and Persia as early
probably as the sixth century. We
know that these subtleties were sort
of delight to the renowned Haroon-er-Rasheed,
and curiously enough one of
the oldest on recore is the composition
of bis son, Matasim Billab.
English customs and affect a certain,., . , ', .
lordly dignity, to praise this sturdy old j V"5 Feop,1 m turn "f0 fi. mt
tree above its American congener.whieh ! dt,um fa Taluf ProP?r,,l.f th work
ia mnr IIMin in ,u .Wiatinn In I lt. performed, or the necessity it sup-
A Scrap of Texas History.
The greatest and best stroke of finan
cial policy on the part of the new re
public was, however, reserved to the
last ; and in November, 1837, when bor
rowing, begging, selling land scrip, and
issuing audited drafts had been ex
hausted as expedients for raising money.
the government commenced the issue of
treasury notes. These notes were in the
form of bank-notes, and by law were re
quired to be printed "in neat form.
They were also for round or even sums.
and mainly for small amounts, and spe
cified on their face "that they trill be
received in payment for land and
other public due, or be redeemed with
any moneys in the treanury not other
wine appropriated."
And here commences by far the most
valuable of all the lessons deducible
from the study of the fiscal experience
of the liepublio of lexas, a lesson,
moreover, exceptionally interesting,
from the circumstance that we find in it
a showing and demonstration that the
working and effect of a system of irre
deemable paper money is one and the
same, whether the field of its influence
be a rich, densely populated old conn
try like Austria or Great Britain, or a
disturbed, thinly populated community
with little accumulated capital, and
occupying, as it were, the very border
line between barbarism and civilization.
The first noticable and most interest
ing fact connected with the history of
inese lezan treasury notes is, that al
though the credit of Texas at the time
of their issue was so bad that a foreign
loan could not be negotiated, and the
audited drafts on the treasury had so
far depreciated as to have but a nominal
value, and that of less than fifteen cents
on the dollar, yet the notes themselves,
though practically unredeemable, were
when first issued at par, or nearly par,
with specie, and furthermore were kept
so for months, or until their issue ex
ceeded in amount half a million of dol
lars. The explanation of this curious
phenomenon is, that the people of Texas,
at the time of the authorization of these
treasury notes, had practically no circu
lating medium for effecting exchanges,
or none that was really worthy of the
name ; and although a community can
get along in its business without a cur
rency, as it can without horses and carts.
ships and steam-engines, all alike in
strumentalities for effecting the inter
change of commodities, there is no
community that will dispense with any
of these agencies if it can help it With
the outbreak of the revolution the ham
mered money and the eagle money, as
already stated, soon disappeared. With
the failure of the banks of the United
States in 1337, the notesof the banking
institutions of the southwestern States,
which had come in like a flood and had
supplied to Texas the void occasioned
by the disappearance of its specie cir
culation, became worthless ; while the
issue of shin-plasters or fractional notes
of persons and firms, although contin
ued, was by law forbidden. The want
of some medium that should have one
value, and would regulate prices and
facilitate exchanges, was therefore much
felt ; and when the government gave the
rj,"u luo ,Mam UVJ TO'U.
hrew al1 . the f
4 wa? ,n tLelr Pwer . supply, and
people the best medium they coald,
issued no more of the "medium
than j
wjh rtffcoaanw vi miwt a finoirie want
plied.
The first issue of notes, in addi-
tion to a pledge of government faith to ;
receive them in payment of all public
dues and to redeem them as soon as
there was anything to redeem them i
with, carried also a promise of ten per
cent interest ; a rate easily calculated,
and which offered an inducement for
hoarding the notes, to such Texans as
could afford it and had also faith in their
ultimate payment. The whole revenue
from customs was also devoted to sus
taining the credit of these treasnry
notes, and about this time the laws for
raising a revenue from imports began to
be eflective ; the gross revenue accruing
from the customs for the quarter ending
Septemler 30, 1S57, having been about
sixty thousand dollars. Atlantic
Monthly.
Packing Oraasrs and Ieuiont.
A full grown orange tree yields from
! to 2.0U0 fruit annually, a'ud arrives
vcars,as ,,., .,.,.. , ,,
at the Ix-aiiuir state in three or live
luxuriantly in most soils. The planta
tions (in the Mediterranean countries)
are called gardens, and vary in sie, the
smallest containing only a small num
ber of trees,aiid the largest many thou
sand. The fmit is gathered in baskets,
lined with can vas,tlie basket lx-ing held
by a strap attached and passed around
the neck or shoulders. From the gar
den the fruit giH-stothe rciu'kiiig mag
azine, where it is removed from the
lxis.es, in which it was packed in the
gardens, anil repacked for shipment by
experienced female packers, after hav
ing been carefully assorted by women,
and wrapiied iu separate papers by
young girls. As manv ns 5K) persons
(mostly women and children) are em
ployed by some of the fruit growers in
their gardens and niagazines.in gather
ing.sortiug and repacking for shipment,
the wages paid them varying from nitie
to sixteen cents a day. In soi ting.every
fruit that wants a stem is rejected. The
boxes are then securely covered, strap
ped, ami marked with the brand of the
grower, when they are ready for ship
ment. Twenty years ago, this trade
was nothing in its routine rrial charac
teristics, or the inducements it offered
to capitalists. Now it is progressing
with giant strides into prominence, and
is a considerable source of revenue to
the government.
Another Spiritual Expose.
Another of those irritating spiritual
exposures which persecute the faithful
has been made. A young girl, aged
thirteen years, resident in Peoria, has
been performing wonderful feats under
the direction of certain departed mor
tals. Her mistress' departed husband
has been writing notes through her to
his wife, directing her to leave money
in certain plaoes,where it was faithfully
placed, to be mysteriously removed by
a mercenary spirit Christmas presents
were made by the devoted soul to his
living wife, who footed the bills for h-v
own presents with delicious conjugal
regularity. Tables, and pillows, and
bedsteads, and pianos exhibited pow
ers of locomotion of a convincing de
scription. It is probable that the
Peoria newspapers would have become
converts but for the irritating exposure.
A skeptic, on examining the vase pre
sented to the wife by her dead husband,
found a trade mark on it; found the
tradesman who owned the mark; fonnd
the purchaser to be the little medium;
and then everything was confessed and
made clear. Children should never at
tempt to play medium; they are sure to
be found out
a r v .- . u ,.t,,i .
petroleum lamp with ten small nicks
instead of one large one. These are i
arranged in a circle and attached to a
frame movable by single rack. I
"VotitliSii Column.
w aad Old.
Sew little feet
Patter id the flixir ;
New brtle faree
eerp through the dour; -S-wUttieatul4
Have entered mio life ;
Jiew Utile voice
K.ak in love r strife;
New li'tle flutter
Tiahfly clap onr own :
New imle tendril
Koand onr hearts hive grown.
Still the old voices
l:. -ho in onr ear.
And the old faeea
Hall iwed a re and dear ;
Still the old fnenda
Who have ta4d sway.
Live in our attrition -
Love hat no dei-ay ;
And the old worits
.sjti.k'.n li'Di; ago,
K i' tlie h art lender,
alafce the tear- flow.
Thus New and Old
Mingle tu one.
Each has irs hleinff ;
And when lit' w done.
Old facet, old ( lends
Will meet us am n -Treasures
loutf buned
We uall retfaiu
Ail that b lovrly.
All that ie true,
Wi'l live on forever.
The Old and the New.
Littlk Folks' Eyes. Very wise eves
they are, and very careful. Just the
eyes to spy pins that have been care
lessly dropped on the floor ; and to
search in the furthest corner for grand
mother's ball of yarn which fell from
her fingers when she was taking that
little bit of a nap after dinner.
They are many colored : blue, and
black, and gray, and brown, but bright
always and almost always fall of truth
and courage. They are the eves that
find out the first grasses that spring np.
and the first violets that grow in the
lane ; that watch the rose-bush at the
corner of the house, with snch loving
patience, irom the nrst little leaf of
green to the red and fragrant rose that
sweetens all the air. If Little Fingers
pulls one unbidden, why should you
care? Flowers are the children's
friends, and we must be thoughtless
indeed, if we would forbid their recog
nition of the fact Let them gather the
flowers, and hold the soft petals up
against their soft little cheeks, and talk
to them and wonder over them at their
will. How can we know what sweet
lesson oar Father is teaching them
meanwhile ; or guess what sermon is
being preached from the snowy chalice
of the lily?
Wise littlo eyesl How quick they
are to read the signs of the times ! They
know what a smile foretells, and, alas,
they learn what a frown forbodes. They
see each faintest shadow on the mother's
face, and they grow tender and wistful ;
sometimes the bine eyes overflow at the
timid comprehension of a mother's
grief.
And do you not snppose they read
and wonder at the lines of impatience
they find there sometimes, and grieve
over the flush of anger they see rising
to your cheek ? Do they not spy out
the little careless habit yon are indulg
ing while reproving them for a lesser
sin ? Do they not see the little selfish
nesses that crop out here and there in
the character, which we should strive
for their Bakes, to have spotless?
Wise little eyes, and innocent little
eyes I In which we must see the dawu
of worldly wisdom, some day, and the
guilt, perhaps, of forbidden desires ; in
which we must see the freshness of faith
fade, and the light of trust die out
Ah, do not hasten the bitter day.
Bring the peace of Heaven into your
homes, that you may make their lives
peaceful. Let Heaven's own sunshine
flood your house, that the shadows may
not creep into the little folks' eyes. Be
watchful be wary be wise ; and the
children's eyes shall be wells in which
you shall see mirrored, day by day, the
goodness and the purity that shines
about your own life.
"Takk tub Other Hand." We can
not too much admire the beauty and
truth of that philosophy which deter
mines to make the best of it, however
difficult and tiresome duty may be.
Snch a spirit in children is attractive
indeed, and a powerful lesson to many
who are older.
On a lovely day in commencement of
spring, a young lady, who had been
anxiously watching for some weeks by
the bedside of her mother, went out to
take a little exercise and enjoy the fresh
air, for her heart was full of anxiety and
sorrow. After strolling some distance
she came to a ropewalk, and, being
familiar to the place, she entered. At
the end of the building she saw a little
boy turning a large wheel. Thinking
this too laborious employment for such
a mere child, she said to him as she
approached : "Who sent you to this
place?"
"Nobody, ma'am ; I came myself."
"Do you get pay for your labor?"
"Indeed, 1 do; I get ninepence a
day."
"What do you do with the money ?"
"Oh, mother gets it alL"
"You give nothing to father, then ?"
"I have no father, ma'am."
"Do you like this kind of work ?"
"Oh, well enough ; but if I did not
like it, I should still do it, that I might
get the money for mother."
How long do you work in the day ?"
"From nine to twelve in the morning,
and from two till five in the afternoon."
"How old are you?"
"Almost nine."
"Do you get tired of turning this
great wheel?"
"Yes, sometimes, ma'am."
"And what do you do then ?"
"Why, 1 take the other hand."
The lady gave him a piece of monev.
"Is this for mother?" asked the well
pleased urchin.
"No, no ; it is for yourself, because
you are a good little boy."
"Thank you kindly, ma'am," returned
he, smiling ; "mother will be glad."
The young lady departed, and re
turned home, strengthened in her devo
tion to duty, and instructed in true
practical philosophy by the words and
example of a mere, child.
"The next time duty seems hard to
me," she said to herself, "I will imitate
this little boy, and take the other hand."
Word Sot-are. A word of command
to a beast of burden.
A useful part of the human body.
A fish of the order Apodes.
Answer : O E E
EYE
EEL
Chababb. Cut off my first, and I am
a fortification ; cut off my second, and
I am a grain ; my whole is a town in
the British Provinces.
Answer : Cornwall.
Mr. Proctor paid a high compliment
to T. S terry Hunt in one of his lectures,
and then gave a condensed view of Pro
fessor Hunt's theory of the formation of
the elobe. All the nrst-raie scientists
appreciate each other, even when they
disagree.
Napoleon the Fourth, is eighteen, on
the 18th of this month.
"Varieties.
Never "go alone" unless you are sure
of your hand.
The "Cave of the Winds" must be
cool just now.
The only difference between a mill
and a mile is one til.
It is very ruinous to move, but espe
pecially expensive to move in the best
circles.
An ancient well, bnilt of stone, was
recently discovered in Illinois, thirty
two feet beneath the surface.
A veteran observer says that mankind
loves mysteries. A hole in the trronnd
excites more wonder than a star in the
heavens.
Some physicians say that swincinir in
good for the health. "That may be so,
but many a poor fellow has come to hia
death by it.
Jones says that the difference betweon
his wife and the Pope is that she pos
sesses temper-all power, and his Emi
nence doesn't
Jenkins told his son. who nronosed
to buy a cow in partnership, to be sure
and buy the hinder half, as it eats
nothing and gives all the milk.
A Jersey farmer has discovered a npw
fertilizer which is cheaper than guano
and more effective, and this is corn
meaL It is applied in the hill, and it
causes, as he declares, a wonderful
growth.
"Anna, dear, if I should attempt to
spell Ccpid, why could I not get beyond
ine nrst syllable r Anna gave it np,
whereupon William said: "Because
when I come to c u, of course, I can
go no further."
A fortune-telling swindler was ar
rested in Baltimore cently, and at the
examination one witness stated that she
had paid the prisoner at various times
sums amounting to $o00, "to have her
husband's affection restored."
God bless the cheerful face ! Bless it I
He has blessed it already ; the stamp of
heaven is on every feature. What a
dreary world this would be without this
heaven-born light ! And he who has it
not should pray for his daily bread.
rhrenolofical Journal.
The distress from the famine in Ben
gal is increasing, and many thousands
of the natives are dependent upon the
Government for food. In the Tirhoot
districts lOO.OuO persons, all of whom
were in an emaciated condition, made
application for relief within the last
ten days.
It was recently proposed in the
French Assembly to tax pianos, and also
certain compositions which learners
delight in, and never grow tired of
practicing. Those who have the mis
fortune to live next d;or to a family of
musical amateurs will keenly appreciate
the benefits of such a tax.
It is a new wrinkle in horse science
that when a horse is nine years old a
wrinkle comes on the upper corner of
the lower eye lid, and thereafter every
year comes another wrinkle. If this be
true, a new revolution will take place in
the science, for hitherto there have been
no horses over nine years old.
A Justice of Guthrie county, Iowa,
decided in the case of a citizen who
brought suit against his daughter's
lover for ejecting him from his own
parlor one Sunday night, that courting
is a necessity, and mnst not be inter
rupted, therefore the laws of Iowa will
hold that a parent has no legal right in
a room where courting is afoot ; and so
the defendant was discharged, and the
plaintiff had to pay the coots.
Mr. Smith of the Cleveland and Pitts
burg Railroad says that the business of
engineer is not so hazardous as is gene
rally believed. He has been connected
wth the road for years, and of the
ninety-seven engineers employed on it
he could remember bnt one being killed
and another slightly hurt The brake
men suffer most In the same time a
score of them have lost their lives, and
hundreds have been pinched betweeu
cars.
Two men named Mison and Hogan
persuaded certain wealthy citizens of
Truckee, Nevada, to subscribe S100 each
for the recovery of piratical treasnres to
the amount of $2.j,UM,000, which, Masoa
and Hogan said, had been concealed by
themselves in their younger and pirati
cal days on the coasts of Cuba and other
islands of the Golf. The pirates came
east, their expenses being paid, had a
good time, but did not recover the $25,
000,000. A good cigar costs on an average 10
cents ; a moderate smoker uses three a
day. Three cigars a day, at 10 cents
apiece, amonnt in a year to 109,50, a
sum sufficient to purchase the nucleus
of a fine library. Placed at interest at
six per cent it would amount in 6 years
to over 150. Thus invested it does
not destroy an otherwise sweet breath,
waste nervous energy, perfume the
family or personal wardrobe, nor create
an appetite for stimulus which leads to
indulgence in strong drink.
A correspondent, writing from Rome,
says : In (he little old Protestant cem
etery just outside the walls of the new
is the grave of Keats, on which the dirt
lies loosely as if placed yesterday. A
border of box or myrtle encloses it, and
on the small white headstone one sor
rowfully reads : "Here lies all that
was mortal of a young English poet,
who, on his death-bed, in the bitterness
of his heart at the malicious power of
his enemies, said let these words be en
graven on my tombstone : 'Here lies
one whose name was writ in water.' "
The number of women who are lec
turing on physiology and hygiene mul
tiplies. But the most wholesome thing
in the matter is that so many ladies
attend these lectures. It really looks
as though our women had made the
discovery that they have bodies and
ought to take care of them. The ques
tion with women has always been How
to be beautiful. Now the question
would seem to be How to be well. This
is well certainly, and they may find
that the answer to the second question
is also the answer to the first To be
well is the first step towards being
"beautiful forever."
A correspondent writes to the Balti
more American: "A Texan lady, who
came on the boat from Brashear to
Galveston, accompanied by her three
daughters, who were fully np to this
specimen presented of a Texan beauty.
The three daughters were brunettes,
with coal black hair and eyes, but bright
and expressive counaojauces. They
were all decidedly pretty, and, above
all, healthy and robust with rosy
cheeks. The peculiar charm of the
Texas lady ia her freedom from excln
siveness, and the air and carriage of
independence of social bonds and pre
judices which distinguish her sisters of
Louisiana. There are, of eourse, rough
specimens of female humanity here as
there are elsewhere, but the finer grades
appear to be in about the same propor
tion as they exist in the North."
r,
1 -
li
4'.
V