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THURSDAY., JUNE .Ist, 1865:
e . V tolLellell NT =re MI PIMO or
A 111.1111.1/J1 Jacksoia.
The New York San suggests that Jeffer
toii Davis will raise an important point in
hi.:; trial as follows :'`,Was not, his -discov
ery, notwithstanding, the crinoline die
oy.e, a recognition of the 'Confederate
Uoverninent "On the Republican theo
ry grit the President is the government,
~ ,r taittly was.
ThA Louisville Journal thinks, and n
e my people will agree with it, that.
" .untried law officer of the Government
i . alway-i liable to incline, perhaps un
(,,m.,ciously to himself, to the nation that
,
► part of his official duty to find au
thority for what the Government wants
done "
:zenAtor Wilson, of lisisaachilsetts, %aid
.peech, a few days ago:
I have no faith in what is called
Unionism iu the rebel Statee. I was at
that leston and Savannah the other slay,
MY but one Union man who admit
-1.•.1 li.uaself such. I have no faith in their
love of the Union. They are simply de
, they have been beaten in the
tirlcl ''
SUMUN AT WAssmuToN.—lien.
llorni•in, while palming down Pennsylva
nit Avenue, at Washington, a few days
whi so beseiged by his enthusiastic
a ‘lid i rer, es to be forced to take a carriage
t) t•-..;apo , their congraulations. Even
trriaga was not permitted to be
dr i sooi oil until he had shaken hands with
lot fifty of the undaunted.
XTANTON'a Restorteriox.--The Washing.
ton correspondent of the New York Ez
priss says: " The resignation of Mr. Stan
too is positively asserted by,members of
tos own fatuity. The cause is said to be a
difference of 'opinion in regard to Gen.
_Nterwsn, Mr, Stanton and another mem
i, 9 of the Cabinet being opposed to the
President and a majority of his advisers.
The friends of Gov. &wird are openly res
joicing over Stanton's resignation, but are
decidedly opposed to Montgomery Blair
as his successor."
Vhe Abolitionists of• Bedford county
h,ive chosen the fidgety little renegade,
,loho Cessna, to represent them in the
next Abolition State Convention. The
delegates to the Convention from this
county aro both very respectable gentle
men,_to whom we should regret exceed
ingly to have any accident occur, and out
of the kindness ofl our heart we advise
them to take the precaution of stuffing
cotton in their ears before the sessions of
that body open. The cracked voice of
Cessna will be sure to monopolise the at 7
tention of the Convention, and to those
who are not accustomed to it, it produces
more disagreeable sensations than the
tiring of a thousand pistols.
&mirth or Mr Celebration.
We take pleasure in announcing that
it has been determined to celebrate the
ensuing anniversary of Independence day
in a manner batting the occasion. In
accordance with a resolution adopted at
the entertainment on Friday evening,
Mayor Farrar has appointed the following
committee to confer with Councils and
make the preliminary arrangements for
the celebration : B. F. H. Lynn, Wm. L.
Scott, and J. C. Burgess. We hart& confi
dence enough in the public spirit of these
gentlemen to believe that they will giire
the. matter the attention it deserves, and
not permit it to fail frbm any cause. ,- If
the Council) will not render any assist
ance, we are assured that enough priVate
subscriptions can be obtained from our
young and enterprising citizens to render
the celebration suoh a one as will accord
with the importanca and prosperity of the
place.
Whatever is done, it ought to be in
sisted upon by fair men - of all aides, that
no political demonstrations of any sort
shall form a part of the proceedings. The
Fourth of July is a day that above any
other should be observed with entire free
dom from anything of a party nature, and
now is especially the time when the good
of the country requires united, harmoni
ous action. Let us have a rousing, old
fashioned celebration, where men of all
parties can assemble with confidence that
no act will occur to wound any one's sen
sibilities, and that will assist in extin
guishing the angry passions engendered
during four years of the most heated po
litical strife the country hot ever known.
Pretest Oared Mt liaised.
The offer by several leading citizens of
New York, of a carriage and horses, with
harness, blankets, ttc„ciotuplete, to Presi
dent Johnson, has been respectfully de•
°hued, as will be seen by the following
Letter :
Wesel/ Gros Car, May 22, 1885.
Messrs. A. A. Low,- Esq., Phelps, Dodge
• & Co., Hoyt Brothers, J. S. Schultz and
others :
GRNTLIIIZN and in receipt of yo ur
very complimentary note, dated N ew
York, May 17,1805, wherein you request
my acceptance of a coach, spill of hers*,
harness, Sio.• as a token of your high ap
preciation, of my public course.
While I fully appreciate the purity of
your motives in thus tendering to me
such substantial evidenoe of your regard
and esteem, I sin oompelled, solely from
the conviction of duty I have ever held in
reference to the sooeptance of presents
by those occupying high official positions,
'to decline the offerings of kind and loyal
friends.
The retention of the parchrgent con
veying your scniiinenta and the auto
grapihs of those who were yawed to unite
in the nianifestwkice of regard, is a favor I
would ask ; avid I assure you, gentlemen.'
i.shau regard is ! one of the rt• t
Dierks of rei: , • Any p rtec •try,
Trusting th vAll continue to u►.+rit
your coneaft::.f ti •ad esteem in the dis
charge of thr. !arid important duties
upon whist:, ; • Nit juit entered, and
with the beat ' ?or your besltls,
I sus, go.usubsu, yours truly,
Anossw Joissou.
THE Democratic convention of Pike
county passed the following resolution
Resolved, That C. B. Cotter, Esq.; by his
industry, faithfulness and ability in con
ducting and editing the Milford Herald
for the last four - earvia entitled to and
is hereby the thanks of the De
mocracy of the count!,
Is this. our old friend Cotter, foimerly
of Harrisburg ? If so, w 4, want to placti
the Ewald ea our list of oittbongo.
Thl
leg* egees4ol...,
f
Thee sues ot the negro isbeoonaing now
the subject of ll
discussion in the VerIOU
parts of the nouiitry. If seems to us of no
use to argetia st it is a question of local
jurisdiction The Abolitionists hes% the
same reiesints for discussing it as they had
for disculeing slavery. • IR is true that one
eanuot sac. bow it is the businesS M Illi•
nois or Kseses to determine the right of
negroes to vole in New York wiihout a
property qualfficition, but discussion is
free and people'will discuss W cannot
have I evc forbidding. it io this country.
As the law nom st itirli the subj.-se. belongs
to the severel States to determine. each
for itself, and it will probably be a suliect
of inure or 10,4 .lip'ereuce of Opintilll for
years to come 11tWIS always a more
serious question.-than the slavery ques
t*, for it was the subject which Involved
the slavery question, as the greater in
crudee tliii less. And as it is now discussed
the people will begin to see more plainly
the truth of this. It is possible for castes
to exist, in any country, but not probable
that they can exist iu a republic without
causing difficulty and differences. In mon
archies they may be part- of the system
. of
government and help to strengthen the
system. In republics they must be weak
ening in their effects. ft is of no use to
argue that the difference between whites
and blacks is founded on prejudice. That
argument has no more weight than it
would have in an African country, where
the blacks regarded iheentelves as supe
rior to the whites. The prejudice, if it be
one, exists, aml is as important an ele
ment in the questiou as would be a mani
fest mental or physical difference in the
qualitif of races. Prejudices, when they
are common to a whole people, or a large
portioh of them, are serious matters in
politi?, and Lot to be disregarded.
If the question were simply what shall
be the status of the negro, and all men
were open to conviction on the subject,
seeking light and wisdom from discus
sion, then there might be hope of arriving
at a solution of the difficulty. But it pre
sents itself now in a different form. The
advocates of the equality theory present
the distinct claim of equal political rights
on behalf of the negro. Of course this is
running a tilt against the so-called preju
dice, and of course it meta and, if per
sisted in, inust conquer or be conquered
by the prejudice. There is no compro
mise 'ground, because equal political rights
in a country like ours involve equal social
rights. For social rights are the subject
of law, and result to a great extant from
the existing laws of the country. Take a
plain example. The freedom of public
conveyances to all passengers is regulated
by law. Equal political rights to the negro
would secure his right to a seat in - any
public conveyance, and the laws relating
to cOremon carriers would protect him as
much as a white man. But the laws go a
step farther. Americans use hotels and
public inns more than any other nation.
The law requires the keeper of a hotel to
give lodging and food to any respectable
traveler, so long as there is room for him ;
and the same principles would extend to
state rooms on steamers. As a necessity,
the equality of rights - would demand and
secure the right of the negro to share the
cabin of the steamer, the parlor and din
ing-table of the hotel, and even the state
room or the bed-room of the white man.
For in many parts of the country it is the
custom to place more than one traveler
in the same room, and the hotel which
has beds unoccupied must receive the
decent guest. The advocates of equality
think that it only needs to introduce the
law of equal rights` and the prejudice will
give way before it. But there is possibly
an end in this idea. Even Massachu
setts has held pretty strongly to the pre
judice in past times, and holds it still with
a remarkable degree of tenacity. And we
should not be surprised to see the ques
tion which was raised and rioted about in
Philadelphia, of equal rights in public
conveyances,' transferred to hotels and
theaters and other places of public resort.
For there does not seem to be any inter
mediate ground on which the siatua of the
negro can be satisfactorily settled. It
mist be decided that he is inferior or that
he is equal to the white man, politically
and socially. If inferior, the law must
recognize bin inferiority.
• It is perhaps suggested by some one
that hotels might be opened-exclusively
for whites and others exclusively for
blacks. But this is just what the equality
people refuse to agree to. They are not
content at the furnishing of first-class rail
cars exclusively for negroes. They would
not be content with a hotel table skein
siVely for negroes, though it were much
better and more elegant than the table
for whites. The trouble in churches has
been, not that negroes could not have
pews, and as good peWs an any one else,
but that the churches insisted en confin
ing them to one. exclusive locality. It
walkno answer to tell them that the whiles
were excluded from the coldred quarter.
They replied, " Oh, the whites don't wish
to go into the negro pews, and we do wteh
the negro. to go into theirs," and in reality
the idea bf negro equality has not been
pressed by its advocates so much for the
purpose of securing that equality in public
rights, as to secure the right of interming
ling with the whites. In hotels the claim
will be urged not for as good a rood .as
the white man has, and as•good s dinner,
but for the same room and the same din
ner. I.
We hoe paid thus much on the snhjeot,
without' arguing the question on either
side, in 4der that our readers may see the
Pulses of-the question. Bat if asked for
our advice we should respectfully advis' •
that it be let, alone and not made a sub.
ject of wrangling or dispute. Above all
let it, if possible, be kept out of Politico.
It will settle itself in time, one way or the
other, if let alone. But will it be let
aldne t That is the question.—lowmal of
Commerce.
Tar "female attire" in which Jefferson
Davis is 'said to have attempted to escape,
has reached Washington and been pre
canted to Secretary Stanton, who, in turn,
is to give or loan it to the Sanitary
Fair at Chicago. It consists of "a water
proof cloak, well worn, part cotton and
part wool, and of a pepper and salt color.
and a black woolen shawl with a fancy
colored border." We may be utistalum,
but it strikes us that theho is: nothing in
this collectio' n but whit an indiridiai of
the "male persuasion" might his" alined
and worn with perfect pr' y.
Prodaagifileas.
The expected autoesty oroclamstion
from President Johnson has appaisredi
ender date of May 29.; I 1 i ir-e7;•tr... .n )
- fOr ail '11414 , 1.%. 4 111.1 II Iwo It-s-m
Ist nsiteeiio t : sittinst 111.. UtliiPil S rtes,
"Fib otiireayou. ~eteeption., upon their _
iiiising itits oath to support 411.1 defend the
fjor k atitsmon, and all laws and proclama
tions relative to slavery made during the
war. The exceptions embrace all army
officers above the rank of Cllonel, all
civil or diplomatic officee4 of the Confed
erate Government, all Governors of States
all persons sttzgaged in the destruction of
Federal cornmeree on the high seta, raid
era from Canada. all persons whose taxa
ble property is over twenty-thousand dol
lars, who have voluntarily participated in
the rebellion, eta. Another proclamation
of the same date appoint+ W. W. Holden,
Provisional Governor of North Carolina,
who is required to provide rules and reg
ulations for convening a State Conven
tion, and " no person shall be qualified as
an elector, or shall be eligible as a mem
ber of such Convention unles he shall pre
viously have taken end subscribed to the
oath of amnesty as set forth in the Presi
dent's proclamation of May 29, 1885, and is
a voter qualified as prescribed by the con
stitution and !awl of the State of North
Carolina in force immediately before the
20th day of May, A D IAI, the date of
the so-called ordinance of secession."
The President has thus disposed of the ne
gro suffrage question, so far as he has the
poster to determine it. The loyal people
who are voters according to the constitu
tion and laws of the Southern States, as
they existed prior to th. rebellion, are to
be vested with the control of the restored
State governments, and are to peas upon
the subject of who shall and who rhall not
be invested with the elective franchise.
In connection with - these 4locuinents,
en opinion of Attorney-Getieral Speed is
published, which is evidently designed to
present the President's views in a more
extended manner than it would be proper
to do in a formal proclamation. Mr.
Speed; who is speaking foe the President
u well aa himself, tikes occasion to say
that no such thing as " re:-construction "
is needed ; that the Constitution is as per
fect as human wisdom can make it ; and
that the duty of the administration is
simply to restore society in the Southern
States to its normal* condition. He says
further : " The grace and favor of the
Government should be large and gener
ous. and the operations and effect of its
proffered mercy should not be left uncer
tain. * * Some of the great leaders
and offenders must be made to feel the
extreme rigor of t law, not in a spirit
of revenge, but to p t the seal of infamy
upon their combs t, and the mercy ex
,.),
tended to the great mass of the misguided
people, can and should be in used its to
reorganize society upon a legal and a free
dom-loving basis. It is manifestly for
their good and the good of mankind that
this should be done. The power of par
don and mercy is adequate to this eni4."
It la clear that the exceptions mentiin
e d in thWamnesty proclamation are not to
be regarded as absolute and final denials
of pardon, but only as a precaution against
the :escape of notorious rebels, who, as
they cannot all be designated by name,
can only be found by sifting the classes in
which they are included. The following
significant language shows that we do hot
misapprehend the scope of the excep
tions : " Provided that special application
" may be made to the President for par
don by any person belonging to the ex
cepted classes,and such clemency will be
" liberally extended as may be consistent
" with the facts of the case, and the peace
"and dignity of the United States."
We think, on the wholel-the proclama
tion may be regarded more as a sop to the
radical faction of -the North than as a de
claration of the real intentions of the
President. We would almost be willing
to Usk* all we possess that not oni us ten
of the'claeses excepted will ever receive
the legal punishment attached to the
crime of treason, if they are not allowed
to slip clear altogether. Aside from this
opinion, however, we look uptin the am
nesty proclainanon as au ill-conceived ,
and dangerous measure that will tend to
keep up the bad feeling in the South, and
prolong the day of 'harmony and real
Union.. "
PRIISIDINT JOHNSON ha.s • declared that
the question of "reconstruction" must be
decided by the loyal white people of the
t3outbern States, and thatihe negroes be
ing excluded by the State laws, are not
entitled to the right of suffrage. The
radioals are indignant in consequence,
and express their dissatisfaction in tint
tennis not loud but deep.
,The Wash
ington correspondent of the New York
asettwrcial (Republican) sends that paper
the follnwing
" The proclamation - for the reorganisa
tion of North Carolina is regarded shore
At definitely excluding negroes from suf
frage in Southern States and as delegat
ing the matter to the people'. There are
already signs of an active political cru
sade by the radicals on this question.
geeretary Stanton's friends indignantly
deny that ha will leave the Cabinet.
The Bad • !Mg.
The Springfield • (Kass.) Republican, the
leading journal of .its party in Massachu
setts, outside of Boston, and one of the
most, sensible, generally speakiag t in the
:Country, says of the hinging policy
u Do we wish to finish the rebellion. to
tam out its very althea - Then make no
.121=. The wounds bladed In cold
n are what keep animosities Wive. At
this moment there are a million of women
at the South Who' wouldgive all they
Da v e to save Jed. • Davis' l ie , who would
'conduOt sad shelter him as Flora Kenos
ald 4111120 u Charles Edward. It his
life Is taken they ere ready to dip their
handkerchiefs in -44 blood, to beg looks
of his hair, end to perpetuate-tors I,au
dred years. the sentiment of vengeance.
Unless we present them this grievance, in
flistleme be fiill be, remembered only u
thAsuthor of Innumerable woes."
" Raise no questions and revive none;
shake hands mid 'forget, the past, live in
Union together as you lived before, and
papist* by industry and concord the looses
of war—were he recommendations of ,
President Linooln to his countrymen."
Thom ..very truly. remarks the London
link are Weide of' nisdotn, end f the
lest legaq a repre
sentative American we hope, end be
lien that America will adopt theta as-its
guide to pope and tutored nationelity
prom the South.
How Tali Bone* RIIIIIMILDS rile Asassr "OF
%%rte.—The private atioectary of one of Jeff.
Mavis' Cabinet tilrmers hie airman a litter to
the New York Allis, Oiddl,' fa bins* op
pored to Devis,\ln whisk he If Ml'
Oasis were to emceed in saaldiii his way to
Europe. heir:sad pin pass Into ItiMsly sa
an incompetent, *to had brought rain on UM
cause h it bad aspired to lead. Hardly any of
the public men of the South have any liking
for him, and every one would have his history
to 14 of blunders sod mismanagement. As
it is, however, Mr. Davis is a Austad fugitive,
Hoeing for life, With • price att on his head.
The Southerners all feet that the North de
sires to punish him, because be was their
chosen leader and representative, and, as such
they desire his escape. At this moment, Mr.
Davis rallies around bim the sympathies of
every Southern man and woman, and no
where more than in this pity, where thous
ands have been beggared by the incendiary
proceedings which attended his departure.
The Southerners nay that there is no mon
reason why Me. Davis should be punished
than themselves for rebellion. They put him
in his position, and kept him and approved
his opposition to the national authority.
" Aran, whille all Southerners look with
horror and dalmatians upon the crime by
which Mr. Linoelu lost - his life, they all re
pudiate the idea that their government had
anything to do with olt. Even those among
the most bitter upon Mr. Davis affirm that he
would never for one moment have counte
nanced so infamous a resort as assassination.
It is not believed that Mr. Divis cherished
any special hostility for the late President, or
for the members of the Cabinet. His hatreds
were for the leaders of the Sentli, those whom
he feared might outstrip him in popularity,
or who ventured to question his infallibility.
He hated Joe Johnston and Beauregard.
was jealous of Hunter and Lee ; but those in
the South who most sppreoisted and suffered
by his resentments would be the first to acquit
him of an imputation of a thirst for blood.
bike Mr. Lincoln, it was almost impossible to
obtain kis oousent to an execution, and thus
the disc ipline . of the Southern armies was
lost, never afterwards to be regained.
At one time, throughout the South, there
was a aamor for retaliation for alleged out
rages by the Union armies. Mr. Ravi*, ben.
Lee, Mr. Hunter, and others, steadily resisted
this demand, and no light share of blame fell,
in consequence, upon the Confederate Gov
ernment. Even Gen.: Lee, the idol of the
South during this war, did not escape cen•
sure. It was well known In Richmond that
Dahlgreu's command would have been exc.
outed a year ago•but for the interposition of
Hr. Davis and Gen. Lee. 4
It is well that these facts should be known
in forming an estimate of one whose charac
ter all are now discussing. The seine South
ern gentlemen who repudiate as absurd the
idea that Mr. Davis could have stooped toito
infamous a crime as that of procuring the as
sassination of Mr. Lincoln and Mr. Seward,
will tell you that he was obstinate, narrow,
self-milled, domineering, sad selfish, a man
whose faults of temper and intellect would
have ruined a far stronger canoe than that of
the South. As they speak-from this point of
view, their testimony le entitled to the more
weight. It is a verdict of acquittal from a
hostile jury. •
"The amount of spode taken hence by the
Confederate Government has been greatly
overrated. It did not mush exceed half a
million of dollars ; but a large proportion—
say half--was in silver, and hence the bulk .
would give the ides of a greater value. The
Richmond banks took away their specie and
this amount may have reached several mil
lions of dollars. It is an error to suppose
Mr. Davis took away this or any amount of
specie with the idea of providing for himself
in Europe.' The balances of the Confederate
Government la foreign countries, constantly
kept to procure supplies, dm., are subject to
the cheeks .of Mr. Davis and his Cabinet, and
are ample to meet their wants if they -get
abroad. Resides, it is well known that when
Mr. Davis left here he,. of all men in the
world, had the least idea that the Confederacy
was about to tumble. The eels was to pro
vide funds for a war in Armies—to buy food
and munitions of war. He thought, in hls
folly, he could give up the capital and the
great State of Virginia, and, with the cotton
States, keep up the contest until the North
should be wearied out."
The Allude, (Gs.) Register, of the 13th, says,
wader the head of " Business :"
Under all the ciecumstdmoes, nothing else
could be expected than an almost complete
stagnation of business of all kinds. Gradu
ally, however, we notice that, day after day,
increasing symptoms are being manifested of
returning activity. Much cannot be expected
at this season, as farmers are endeavoring to
prepare for Crops. Otioalionally our ;oyesdis
cover the metal° luster of- a long-treasured
dime or quarter, and, as if to 'tempt our cu
pidity to deeds of desperation,' a full-grown
dollar cautiously emerges and clips around,
and then hies him my to his nest, leaving
us but the recollection, or, perhaps, a doubt
as to oar 40118010Witleatt. 'As to the golden
eagle, he HMS either to have preferred a for.
sign clime,„or is so fearful of being gobble*
up' unoemonionsly as not to come from MO
hiding place. The people of Georgia have
made up _their minds for pease, and reckon
upon the speedy, dlsappearanos of slavery as
certain. Many ere glad that the peculiar in
stitution is dead i nearly ail are resigned to
it. The whole mass of the people are deter
mined to discountenance guerrilla warfare,
and will heartily assist in platting it down.
This determination, indeed, is not confined to
Georgia, but is common to all the Soißbeni
litotes east of the Mississippi."
Sensual es Attune/La.—No State; except
Virginia, has been more pitilessly:outraged
than Arkansas ; the meat ernel and wasteful
of warefare, irregular and partisin in its
character, every man and woman feeling uu
certain what moment a ballet, directed from
ambush, might- pick these off. As a armee
queue*, people deserted their homes by scores
and hundreds. leaving theircrops ungathered
and thole lands to grow up is woods and this,
ties emelt manias year, Those who remained
aegUnted to pleat and sow, sad the ems.
quence is great destnation and suffering.
Capt. Iteusit, of flea. Dodgeli staff, who
wee lately is Atkins* to receive the surveil-,
die of Jeff.' ff.katapies,- glees a 'bloomy Pistol*
of the oondition'of • thiap is the Smite. Ile
does sot think there are ire bushels of, corn
to a family la Northern arksalms, said as for
boom very few have :Wad that luxury for
months peel. Salt is suety to be found, and
sugar and codes ars only among the cherish
ed memories of the olds" tiros.
. •
Affliterat papers are reporting Ask lands in
Virginia, worth folly $l5O as acre at the
breskiag eat of the rebellion, are being offered
for N 2 or $3. And " Northern capital " talks
already %bast haying up these isdeii
not cheap estates, and makings good thing
Oft. Perhaps it would be no bad thing for
" Northern capital " to study the hiatery of
Norther' 1001md• for s eillior7 or too Put,
beers imMeNag.
•
Pesos le being rapidly restored Imtlaltika
sae; the people gelds, the 'lmaasipment of
gssughw vain-t err elm has*.
The Southern General Joseph E. Johnston,
dlreeily after I. surrender of- his forties,
issued the following letter, explanatory of the
reasons ihat compelled him to pursue the
course he did :
"On ha 26th of April, the day of the eon
'option, by the returns of three Liseteasst
Generals of the Army of Tennessee (that
wider nay eosantsad), the number of infantry
and artillery present sad absent was 70,610 ;
the total present, 16,678; the effective total
or fighting fort*, 14,179. ' Oe the 7th of April.
the date of the last return I .can find,, the
effective total of the cavalry was 5,440 But
between the. 71A and 20th of April IL was
greatly reduced by mints in Virginia and ap-
prehensions of surrender. In gouth Caroline
we had rouses division of cavalry, less than
one thousand. besides reserves and State
troops; together much Inferior to the Federal
force in that State. In Florid& weorere as
weak. In Georgie. our inadequate force bad
been captured at Macon In Lieutenant-
General Taylor's department t• ere were no
means of opposing the formidable army-under
Gen. Canby, which had taken Mobile, nor the
cavalry under Gets. Wilson, which had cap
tared every other place of importance West of
Augusta. The latter bad been stopped at
Macon by the armistice, as we had been at
Greensboro', but its distance from Augusta
being less than half of ours, that place was in
its power. To carry on the war, therefore,
We had to depend on the Army of Tennessee
alone. The United States could have brought
against it twelve or fifteen times its number
in the armies of Generals Grant, Sherman and
Canby. With. such odds against us, without
the means of procuring ammunition or repair.
tog anus, without money or credit to provide
food, it was imposmble__ to continue the war.
except as robbers. The consequence of pro.
longing the strteggle 'would only have been
the destruction or dispersion of our bravest
men, and great suffering of women and chil
dren by the desolation and rain inevitable
from the marching of two hundred thousand
men through the country !laving failed in
an attempt to obtain terms giving security to
citizens as well as soldiers, 1 had to choose be.
tween wantonly bringing the evils of war
upon those I had been chosen to defend, and
averting those calamities with the confession
that hopes were dead which every thinking
Southern man had already lost. I therefore
stipulated with Gen. Sherman for the security
of the brave anti true men committed to me on
terms which also terminated hostilities in all
the country over which ray command extend
ed, and announced it to yopr Governors by
telegraph ak follows :
" The disaster in Virginia; the capture by
the enemy of all our workshops for the pre
paration of ammunition and repairing of arms,
the impossibility of recruiting our little army,
opposed to more than ten times its number,
or of supplying it except by robbing our own
citizens, destroyed all hope of successful war.
I have therefore made a military convention
with Msj.-Gen. Sherman to terminate hostili
ties in North and South Carolina, Georgia and
Florida. I made this convention to spare the
blood of this gallant little army, to prevent
further suffering of our people by! the
devaa
tatton and ruin inevitable from the marches
of invading armies, and to avoid the crime of
waging a hopeless war. "
The alsoon Telegraph gives the following
advice to its readers. It accords with the
general tone of the Southern papers—what
few remain in existence. All our information
leads us to think that. the South is preparing
to accommodate itself to the altered circum-
Aimee, of the case, and that good order will
soon rnettme sway in all the country east of
the Mississippi. The people have changed none
of their views, and ars as strongly secession
as ever, but they confess themselves Rubin
plod," and have concluded that the sooner
they return to the old paths of industry and
peace the better:
if Some may think it more compatible with
personal dignity and the spirit of freemen, to
insintain a position of imbecile and ineffective
delance-'-e, sullen and vindictive demeanor
toward the victor—a resolute determination to
hold no intercourse with them, either social,
commercial, or pOlitical—to refuse all co
operation, even in the essential matters of
preserving public order and adjusting affairs
pon their new basic, eo as, if possible, to
secure public security and tranquility. These
ideas and purposes seem to float in many
brains, but, in our judgment, they are• the
offspring of an excmble wounded pride, die
appointed, and tempM.ary passion, and not of
common sense or sound discretion. If your
house be in flames, no matter who set it on
fire, the best thing you can do is to join in
with any body who will help you save the
building, or even a portion of it. So we be
lieve it Is now the part of interest and of true
dignity_and manhood for every Southera man
to assist in restoring peace and public order
under the new condition of things. The foot
that one purpose's have been defeated does not
release ns from a common obligation to God,
society, and ourselves, to do the best we can
under the situation in which His Providence
has placed at
RIOONSTILUOTIOX.--Illustrationq of the
scarcity of reconstruction material in the
South ere of daily oecurronew A gentleman
whe left Richmond at the beginning of the
war, lately returned there . lie was recase
nixed by very few of his old acquaintances.
Meeting one with whom he was formerly in
timate, he asked why he did not recognize an
old friend. The answer was. ''' We do not
consider such as you our friends." Another
gentleman, whO formerly lived in Fredericks
bang,i lately sent his family t that plane, in
tending to make it his res denet lie has
since received a letter from his wife that i$
will be exceedingly unpleas t nt tI: theca to re
main there, as the feeling against them is in
tenee.—Tribues Cot.
A Virginia paper says that many of the
ladies on farms in the eastern portion of the
State, from which all the negroes hare gone
during -the war, and where other labor could
not be procured, have engaged with alacrity
in 41te lighter duties of agriculture. Three
young ladies,
, of one of the most relined and
formerly wealthiest families in Hanover,
have planted on their own father's farm a
larger crop of corn than has been grown i' ura
daring the war. Every negro has ler, them
except a few helpless women and cv jun ' a.
Gen. Forrest, of the Southr „ it army, upon
tweet: daring his forces, l 'o r .ed a forayed ad
dress to his soldiers, of v: Thich the following
is .'portion
" Thai we are bea'..en is.a eel! evident fact,
and any further r esistance on our part Would
be justly rallaro4 as the very height of folly
and rowan's!, • * * damn dictates and
humanityaa 'etands that no more blood be
shed- *lay realising and feeling that i ,meh
is the eatif.l,, it is your duty and mine to lay
down otre arms, submit to the powers that be,-
sad La* aid in restoring peace and establishing
law Lod order throughout, the land, Thu
term' upon Which, yea were surrendered IU4I
fatorabhi, and should be salisfattory aruise
**table to all. They manifest a spirit of
federal y and liberality oa the part of the
authorities whir& shoakt be 1114.011
ear put by faithful osatpliaess with ill stip
Wallas and eonditloas therein esprosted. An
your ealunander, I sincerely hope that every
*Seer and saldier of my ooetakaad rtUi obeer-
Adly *JO,* the orders given, and marry out in
good Rath all the terms of the cartel. Those
who nettled the terms and refuse to be paroled
nayly expect, W/TC! . .. Nrreated, to be seat = d ud imprisorm
A DIVIDED Ass.notagar % = A. H. it
Stuart, of Virginia, in ak. Nosh at the
Reconstruction Union Convention In Virginia,
aid:
ig The restoration of pesos will bring up for
disoussion.and decision many novel and cone.
plientsd questions. The experience and the
precedents derived from the history of etha r
nations will furnish very insufficient guides
is their gelation, because the history of the
world sitords no case that Is parallel to ores.
Is other countries the relation of the eitkim
or WOO to Ids Government is *lapin 'and
&wt. Ile owes allegisnoe to. but one .grov
ersiseat. r Under our complex system weer
Alm owes allegiance. to two government&
Bohn Asyu t Irreg . (litho* owed siligipaile
to his State, se well as to the Unite States.
lie fru bound to defend both. It was thui
double or divided allegiance. with the line of
demarcation not very distinctly defined.
When, therefore, a conflict occurred, it was
not always easy to determine the path of duty.
or to pursue It ; for what was obedience tp
the one. might be treason against the other."
Urrtrtrurtnit 1111.01101101/L—The Chattanooga
Gasati of Thureday nye, from every direc
tion in'Cleorgis summits reach it of starving
women sod children. For miles there is not
a horse or mule to be seen, sad no seed for
the people to plant. Gen. Wilson has ordered
that all the produce gathered for the rebel
Government, in the shape of taxes or tithes,
should be distributed to the people, and that.
all the extra animals and wagons should be
loaned out to
_them, his QUiliteruissters
tailing receipts for them. Bat all this, good
as far as It goes, is not sufficient. Some
means should be adopted to feed these women
and children now, or they will positively die
of starvation.
A private Weer from Richmond esys The
people, as a general thing, are poor and even
penniless, and there is no business doing ex
cept in the bare necessities of life. 4Vegeta
,bles are very scarce, and I have not seen an
egg or a fowl on the tattles sinoe my arrival."
hionsoasv.—The demand for unquestioned
ourreney is so inexorable in Georgia, that all
paper money is at a heavy discount. All
treasury notes and bonds issued by the Con
federate States are absolutely and perempto
rily refused, except in eases where parties
have contracted debts payable in that money.
In the event of raising that triad of money
for that purpose, it. is readily obtained:At the
rate cif five hundred for one. The railroad.
and express companies, receive all issues of
the State of Georgia, and issues of our form
erly well knewn banks, at par upon their face.
It is proper that everyone else will speedily
do so too, and thus relieve the stringency of
the money market.
The Union authorities at Savannah have
secured two hundred and forty-three thous
and dollars of gold and silver, seized as pro
perty of the Confederate Government. One
hundred and eighty-eight thousand dollars
was taken from a Confederate baggage-wagon,
found In a by-road, and the balance was taken
from various parties who had it In trust, but
acknowledged that it belonged to the Conte&
irate Government.
The Southern ram Stonewall, which was
blookaded at Havana by a Federal ft set, has
been turned over to the Cuban authorities.
The captain of the Stonewall tried to extort
a promise from the Captain General of Cuba,
that the vessel should -never be given up to
the United States, but this was refused. Pre
vious to the, surrender Admiral Stribling and
General Newton informed. the Captain Gen
eral, that as the Confederacy had no longer
any existence east of the Mississippi river,
the ram must be regarded as a pirate. The
Captain General in reply said he epald not
treat her as such, not having instructions t o
that effect from his government. -
J. ,I:. JOUNATON
&feelings are being held in Texas is foliar
of continued resistance to the United
The Confederate forces in TOM are said to
umber eighty thousand, and are receiving
asoassions from the States east of the Miseis•
sippl. The assassination of Kirby Smith is
oontradiated. Uen Hood has gone to join the
Texans.
It appears to be the detertniustioa of the
Government to maintain for 8011311 time longer
an army of at least one hundred and fifty or
sixty thousand men, duly apportioned into
cavalry, artillery and infantry In time of
war it is estimated that the average cost of
each' man is one thousand dollars per annum,
and in old times, with a rigid system of
economy , and profound 'peace, the average
cost was five hundred dollars a year. We
may therefore fairly estimate the cost of this
farce at least seven hundred and fifty dollars
per man, which makes an item of one hun
dred and twenty millions a year while it is
kept up.
Within the last three days 4,6til emigrants
from Liverpool, Hare, Hamburg 'and Bre
men, have landed in New York. The emi
gration for the next three months will be lm
manse. The cause of the movement is not so
much the idea of returning to peace—which
has not yet become thoroughly circulated is
Bnrope--se the inducement in land offered by
the United States Government, through the
new bureau of emigration.
The Army of the Polomao, which passed in
review on Tuesday of lest week, returned to
its camp on the Virginia side of the river, a
few miles from the Long Bridge. Sherman'' ,
army is at present encamped on the P- .orth
and east of the city, and the cavalry P darpa
at
Bladensburg. Preparations for t ae speedy
payment and milstar_oat of s'.aa troop s are
going forward , and it le V olleyed that bat a
few week* will be cow
..imed in the complete
disbandment of the
armies of Sherman and
Meade.
Gov. Curto'.n has decided before the Penn—
ey/vat" " .roops are mustered out, to fill up
Vs°l 4".ies in all company and regiment or
'eV mations by regular promotion. Re is now
ir a Washington personally attending to this
duty, examining the claims of those rithin
the line of promotion. By tide arrangement
many brave men who were debarred from
promotion by the rigid enforcement of the
order insisting on the main:was number in
(summands will receive honors and be muster
ed out with the commission which they have
fairly earned.
IX is estimated that there were 66,040 men
belonging to the Army of the Potomac) in the
grit day's review at Washington, and 80,000
of Sherman's troops on the second day.'
Mrs. Davis, her tour children, brother and
shier, and Mrs. Clay, go to Savannah from
Fortress Monroe, in the Clyde, as permission
for them to proceed North he. been refused
by the War Department.
The Baltimore American mom that. es-Gov.
Weber was arrested at bit home in Lerlag
ear, [tic?taus, on Sunday last, add on Wed
e; ttielit arrived in Washington In ous
-11•4 .
of the negro soldiers a Mesephie to
minder Wary Confederate p °led prisoner
&ern, wee discovered and t warted last week.
Thwedaw night was the time filed ter the
nt*r`«•°•, hot white troops had bites placed
ww •i-*- • when the negroes attempted to
0114 !Ll' Weir quarters, they met a deter
caned resiotance. to the fight which took
place twenty of the aegroes were killed and
wounded. Since 'heaths), have been strongly
guarded. A telegraphic; dispatch yes since ap
peared, contradicting the above story.
A committee of the °Meer,_ of the Army of
TenneaN hiui decided to give en annivenery
dinner and hell in honor of the NI of Vicks
burg on the 4th of July next st. Saratoga
Springs. Gen. Grant is expected to preside.
Proddest Limo's', body insrd Is to Ds to
taling by 2nsidest Joitasoit.
GENERAL NEWS.
The New York herald,
posed tat the tusatease aatioual ,10, 1
.t> 2
up by private mutetariptioul. Thi4 prqreiti
has tesea m•ie.l ut set falLtws •
Cornelius Vulerbilt.
-•)
H. A. If elle mime. I ;:9 . 4, )
11. A. Ilevite lions, for s trlrl,d,'l ;.!i )
Rol)Prt. Bonner,
Jordsn L i ) . loet.
Jameslionot6tt - (,"
-
IL i 9 of course! understood t h 0 ,f
etdosestptiont ore to be p.wl up wit,/
amount m suhtcriked for It iv no Hrt 1 ,:
plan to pay oil •L-qutorter'or 119,11 . 1 h,,
while c4pit , tivit4 wr - to trAve rratat , ii
subscription' profit bj th , liher,ll, L.,,,
whQ HUbNeribt• Ilterr are cool
in the Country te pay the whob.
the liret of January next, mad a I , e
Then Congrel will 'at core :
Lion, and the Secretary of the Trf.t., jr7 ,
place the e•ittutry la the ham,
which It 'her:opted tivo '
asp!:
After all, theie subscripttm4 aro Li,
ing our taxes in .advance— eatam,,hre ‘I,
derbilt subscribes five hundred ilicum u i
lars In five years his taxes r.„;
that amount. It i.s best for the rich rain
better for the poor men to aholth
and the taxation without delay, entim g
present. cumbersome system of collv, z ,
revenue awl the espionage upon our 'p
and our silver, and restoring the repobh:4
the proud position of a nation which ostic
man a dollar."
We think our opinion will be fluid
that this i•i only a sham scheme to oL;„"
cheap reputation for pstrioti4m
above named know welt enough th
amount will never be .9116+crito t I r
Many -thousands of mules Oro
posed of at public sale in Wasl, k o z ;,„
United ritates quarterrnabter s ,tep ar ,„ :,
The !Mie9 wilt continue until tlt.•
animals is reduced in proportt ,n't I.:,rf
ctiiction of the 'armies, now trolo.-
There are in the armies of the t',t
Tennessee, and Georgia protuld . , ,nr
and of the finest six-mule testae to toe r< I
Many of them were bought in the bet z. , i
of the war as young mules, have ace:mita-4
the armies in all their marches and
and are thoroughly broken and Liv.leztl! 2 l
exercise, and are gentle and (swillsr
being so long surrounded by the e./!1r
The animals are sold at public auction,
not bring anything like their true value
A dispatch from Washington
important decision of the Attorney-
Ile declares that the Amnesty Precis
becomes void by the suppression of the
lion; that the decrees of confiscation
full force, and that the exercise of ete.
clemency cannot extend to the runlet.
wait -the full publication of, the duct,
the Attoruey•t3eaeral before ruck ih;
comment ou a point of so atuc't
The Philattell hta /artrer, alnacs
lion paper, on which no reliance ,
plaeed, preteuda to have receive 1 ;:t • •
ing from its Baltimore corretpou L'ue
" I learn from a well informel
who left Fortress Monroe yesterday
that Jeff. Davis has manacles ~n lai
with a chaiu connediug about three
He stoutly resisted the process of ru
and threatened vengeance on tho,e
it. Rather than submit, he waute4 it
It became ueoeb,irf I
to shoot. him
him on his hack and hold hits cLe
were eliucketi by a eon of Vai,-Itt ti
hibited iutetit.o agitation and 4e..tru. t.t• •
caved in and wept lie ithite,tel w
misanthropy, and an 'actin uk, r.
de se No Lnivei uur for1:1 tier ,vo
cell ; more destructive. 1;1.1
spoon. Ter„ guitrcli are ill
tense horror."
i
doubtful. flte ti.tvernatrut 14 It,.i
have authorized s, bart)reui a.'
place Dovi.l iu trau3, and
magi who wool , ' conduct
ner described.
A terrible ruirai passel over 1 pr.
Johnson couuty. Kansas, ou 1V e lue-liy
lest, blowicik ‘toWn, boluses,
trees, and doing witch damage' ?eve
sons were badly injured, but 114
lost. The storm also entered Missouri,
au easterly course, and inflicting
damage until it reached St. Louie. At
several card were blown off a side trt
I freight train ran into them,
wreckiug the engine and au c-s.r.
The grand jury ofe Dv'
th -i aiet de'
have indicted Jeff. Davie e ara John t ,
inridge for high treaso• n. The
indictment i 3 thl , l%, as i on of ti
July, DR t.
Th° CoDltect icut Legislature by .1:t
T`3te an a l over has adopted .1 )11-.
210 :ailment striking out the a ri
and giving the negre the birls,l 1 1 :
the Reptiblicans have power. they r
oring to place the right ,f su•Stv ,
hands of the negro
John Mitchel is represeme
lately met him in ltiohmoni U V?li
a rebel as ever
We had one million ono hualrel
ty-five thousand' men on the araij
when the war closed. Atout o
number were in the field slop
other half were in—the nattooll
oheet
One Senor Payel, a shaamaker t
hie been recently elected Presider,:
CONFECTIONZHISS AND FIRE Wul
ars. Bener tt Burkina, Erie, N
engaged in the Wholoille
Fruit, and Notion Trade Iter
reputation of tuanufaeturinc tso
Candy—both plain and im:y... z ry
of Notions and Small War
tensive. Oranges, Lemons, 0.0 1 o:':
make a speciality, and can !mix. ,
quantities to suit. They are
Excelsior Piro Works—the 1.:4t
can fill orders for the country
bitions. Grocers and dealers
will do. well to call and see their
ordering goods, they may be c ui
their orders filled promptly
to supply first-class goods et le
prices.
Two bad osses of Piles cure,'
land's Pile Remedy. Dlr. Olsss
Wiseensis, writes for the beuent
suffer with the Pilots, that he has
for eight years with en ag gr
Piles, and his brother was
*bounty se incurable o (he bet
used with the Piles). bt u tht
cases were cured with on '
land's Pile Remedy.
these gentlemen, beside it., do
received by Dr. Strickinna, 0,41
those suffering, that the utott
chronic eases of Piles are ettre. l t
land's Pile Remedy. It i 4
everywhere.
=3l
STOP TII SeRATOIIMI '
do if you drive the import., 11. 1
ter out of your system kt
Carter's Compound Eitrs , 2t I
Bittersweet, and ri pplyine, date!
Yellow Ointment llnuttreJi
they have used these articles 16
00118 and satisfaction, after bar
other things to no purposo
say use the 4e two art:clei cud
IV. Price of Bottle anti LW
dollar and fifty cents ;told
'Sr. by