F , hc brie Obotrrtr.
\ I. AN 11 POl.l T ICA 1. 301 TAN A 1.,
BY B. F. SLOAN.
Trey. -16 it? •übseriLers, If paid fa advance
I 7, opoot will Sr sent to one addre.. GK Waal
sn. .01ao•ribor tailing to toy within tir year, the
se,ount made out at
1.11 with a proper neer, lar
TrizUß oPe APVERTIRING
y t "-..1 !ivy...? tom mato • Iwitort.-10.
I
„' ” ~,,, .r..ek, $ 76 thme Keens 3 mouths $3 09
• • ' ~, tOO floe 4. A .. is 60
, ~,,,,,, “ 136 One " V " $76
.. ,‘...r.. a you, ebiangeableill *mum, $lO.
•• • ,•, . —3 month*, r: 6 months, VI; 9 months,
-• I "...SUL
~,,,,,,., 10 Nn.ann.--uot year, $00:0 .000 the,
, • 3 ”,..ti,.,11 6 .
'.. , te tnpertAkl la the Billiellllll Directory et, 113 per
' • ~. .1f 01 . 6 liltn.rod far a Card, over Aix, and tabu,
done' entices, 10 cents a llow ; bat so
.111 be inserted elaaaj the Special MAW,.
i c .q our dull*,.
m, ,, hente end °there regalrlag frrelaent (Apnea
•
r To d c &mammal& will be allowed two ammo% paw.
t ..t
f• $l5 For eddltkatal epees, the charges wilt
,uoe• end thedvartirearente abut be staidly
I n oototato business...if the advertieer. ray
"' oirerrlsomewte required lo straweer.—
„, YYe fh etvertuaag wall be powesied hell-yeourke.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
.1 , :t01 111 ',
I.; , i.sal.sa Is herosens Mums ass Lumens,
. t ,„„ r French Brandies, Gins, de, Champaign*.
„, Wae.i Omrr, ?ortolan, all kinds
, 11 wee; Lieu usueutect et reealeul Whit.
R . Bourbon, Monongahela, &c, Reed Roue. on
.-treet. Fain.
T r. W.,
ri Wum.ktiAt..s Dic...A.uta IS GitOrISLES SID
Meret,lo.lo Stinnes eloet.-
I It. CO P:,
11' Hoolf. it N DKR, Ouaa lWoc IlAseraervisat,
..... I -I..ry Itindenmehr., Meek, En!, 11.
• 0/ 0. W*L$U4,
i
Conlin:LlAß •T t.AW, Evia ra.—
cs. St.to Stroti.. sgsrll.l/ Park. W th• Aakirloesa
. .t.,ry of the building, occupied by F. k
aleray• be foon4 in Ms eAele, hod
jaluctuartpatttoaltxl to.
I))1 KMtN, HKNDIG
I ) 11 Ito 1.101A1.1 adiu sod
... • la 1.1..ur, rorl, Fish, Salt, !tomb, Wood and
, an, \Jule and (Haas, at No. 1 Wright's block
• , K,•t. lIT HRaar I , telta •N. *l.l aaMU IU
11111‘ %%.
A rTasecoot AT Late , , Al Laois, N...
• 1 1 . ..1t.pt altrotoo. to (Ise locating or Land
s , no 1. n/..1 the isovnuou• ofTwtos to tho ALM" of Nita.
tad 1...., will hlt all ssoleto for Lb.
hos— o l •woll•s•
I \ll.o. %. F.. CULL.
.sserressor !es T R. 1114 e .,
41 T, kLk nn 1 %% 1,1•1ffiall • and kit tall lk.stri 16
~r• IPtI •tr.l , .4traw IrNlAa, Irt atrial Fl,vvrra,
5i11.., I.oes, anJ t uhtuo.l.l« Ylllil.rrJ, Yat mob
U.« Pat k,Erit, ra Park ohs; stlent.D
to Orders
"%F.% TON PICTTIS.
A rrolot al at La Y.--UtlOb Chrotilut
U.•. ' t
t •IP
I 1 , tl. AI..TE.•.
l
'l.. • 0:k In Cli.ekt, Witebos, Yip* Jew
... -, .. 1,.., 11561.1 Wane, honking tiLspors, licit
u; z ... I , , I. r• and klllll'y ..1,4.40, 1 . 1101 . 14,Uta Bu ihtiug,
~. • , ~ • t% ...I 'earl nretr l'eseta ot
I VI, L.. A .11/NtllAlll, '
A u , nr..Au & itILT AIL I ISA L 1,11.1 Iu 1 aucy
fVrN tp, I srpots. ilattings, Ott I Intheik, ax.,
;•••.l, • 1.1:41.1., h n.. ~•
1. 111 V F. POitr.
7,,it50,1 41 1..., —4 .tlier tat rutral
• I(sik.'l6 elothlag Storn lio
w %. (:A I.IIIILAITILI.
I ritatirer AT I...Aer--taßer ora 6t6.trrt,
Itte .t.rt Ittbelpee, I.:rte.. I•.
.Suctresoor 1. Meticart _
I. I:/TAIL I.ltt ,011,1 T. Ortoll, of Slate WWI
, to h. cs. Mayhem..
6.
\‘' II I 1131 !..• t!..1.1.
TT ,, KIAT ANDCoTNAIELLA.A AT I.A.
e"rurir kV/W1...01d • klloack..
• • t aml th. ,0141 i. I rir lit
I )1(14.1 ) 1A S. LILT(.IIINI+ON.
) T 1 r.RYII AT LAW —(IA(tA• 1111. W•
A, r.pp.r..l. b; t.% 111)144. trll I our OD UNA
tr . Innd i:ousa”A
.. I • • IA , tor U.O ••• r•cal rtxt.xand Terrltonew
urrrnoisos
,apr- ____
\ V I . 'I
t"1 1 1 ;o 1 ;;Ipy ' ...---
, "thee io H.hvrta- .01...•
11=1
MEM
1.1
• i t ; li c k 1
10 4'; :, 111 I, - 11 1rrr V/- 1 11'
1 the. I'o,lw
i 1
ibl.}:llr. ISE"..IIITT.
•t' E • • 1. Itier•ILMILI.II.Iu Hard
.., Cm. 1,r%. tols•lmarr Mos. 11 sa..l 12
...I ,/• eon.. r .11.1, x. 1.1 'tatr strrrta,
trowito". K • 1111113111TT.
It'ONlt 6: ottIANNOIN.
.s/scormero Le &army t Af Omkey )
• , Fig II +I4, and Auwriran Itard•art and
.To , o A Anvils. Pura, Irma and Stool, No.
• •1 14..unr, krtr, I.
ii 111E.* 1.1 TLIs•
rl TA 1L.., in the row reevntly oerupied A)
• 'M. F:Aq as • 1.••• an•loseer the " , t.oinr of N.
Iretwtren the Fired tb.u.• awl Itrosn'• Ifutel
_
NI . . ANFOlkt 11l di: ellly
Dic• I IKKH (:nLn, Sitiver, Hank Notes,
1,1••••1•• Illamut, at. `ziglat ex.ebauge nO tba prin
-1.,•••• fotllfttallti) for sale 0115eeho D Heed Houle.
••,•ar•, Krie..
m ROO It ik
lir LIARICS an•l Manufacturers of Seel.,
• , MI win, r. sch , 11, th• ahop formerly occupied
zb Jones
P
lisAutit in lircwrira, Provisions, rro-
I'..rk, rim!, Snit, Grain, Floor, Fruits, Nuts, alum,
, Brooms, hula, tril oixtrn, Willow and 8111swo W aiq
r, agh Pri,a 1.. tcin. 4Wrtittit'• Block,
N . • t, 4 .1nor• ahoy* the. Port ()See, Kr* PL
doe
R.vriurnr,L.
lIOITIRM
ik
(Minn tn &SAY glasse
114.rt6 mar or l'uhLte Siutre, formerly °amp
‘Ol.Oll kCo All omit Irtirrante.l
GRAY at F
G111.0CL414 %ad %%milers in
!nth, (;• , e+lc c a p a , Saf.ty Fuss,
Totrieco, Ciorw, Yl.h, oti, etc , en, It.. 7, linattell Bloat,
.tat. •tm.t.Ene, l'a.
• 0 P P V/11111•11,
11 "i 111 4 :.11LN it CO.,
elt os.wssotss sod Coausssolos iletrehssta.
a ‘o Floor, Fish, and &vat for • daily boa of
I lake. Steurnert, Public hock. Pria. Pa
I tot)El.l., M , h
• 7.a.etr MIMS Of ALM= Kagmedaloilers.
Agricultural impl•moatti kailroad Can,
1...
k 'O4 V. K. 11010DEs.
FAMIIIONAII.LIC I)* /4•1101 2 and Agent
& Wilmoo's Stein, Hachin.. R 0•11131 over
A...• 1... :Stuns Weft Park, trio, Pee frj7Btitish-
Log 4.li.ur to limier
EtSittig ii. et/TLKIK.
X / A }TOIL" It 1 , A? LA., Girard, Erie
l' Cololty,
oliPctioto and other twoonewa attended to with
vr..ttiptneaa and dispatch.
I WIN SWEENY.
9, Jrallell or TNII P 5.4011, Otto" to Bietty'a
li tgi lA,Dg.,. a p-irtmles, Kris, Pt
tI . tIHIRT dc CLARK.
Wnotmteut Osmoses, and Dnalem
and Imported Winne and Leitora, also
I.ep-00, Fruit, Fish, Oil. and Arents for Naito 1=
Ale No. Ekninoll Blnet, Rtzte PIMP*It Erie, Pa.
oil 74i Ve' . A
AxrrArti area , Whoirmair sod Rotail
I tosler In all kiwis of Fancy, Pluto; Room, limasitig
uttice soJ !Asia, Chaim. Au. 4 Key .t..o* Riork, Erie, Pa
B.lRle a Pk ELSRY.
URA Limn us tt0..1.• a554.4h... at Wisolo
eal• mad st 1.41 ad* rtl • 131. ck :gate strurt,
F PS.,
) 1 ,111.4 & LIU .
•t rs(-rr /trial k amt Retail
L •:•• , 11.111 Well so.l Cistern Pumps of rul vnor quallty, the
• lo•aloott and now fa use Phop on Trail% duet
ar Ert l , Pa.
rr Aalto.d.o.A fur ewer) Snit water Mr family, torm of
111111•10 purpniteo fur sale rbesp
I W °Lux, 11. L. Low,
Ida.
".
1.: 1 1 4e 1 ;1 1 „ 4 : 1"r vv 'fbErTINT
-11,,r rlnelting In .oath Park Row, $1.4„,.
Noek pant of Erie Rank brtildlera
In. 111.91
fulfil:lt J. 3110IWPONI.
1. I DINO SSW eftilitinonkla W . rthwt l
1 . 41.1, , Mr. It, dr.aler to Umal, Pall, Fish. Flour
'.vtrr
Nrltit.Tl o .ll 1tY.1.1.06111.
ant.onni.otand WWI dMI«w In Cleo...mid%
Ship Chandlory. Wood kod, WsUcm Iran dm,
• , ,•4t.m.-mr.•t, Dig. Rita.
mei atts - wroitics.
ar.. A 42aisvoLD. Jobbrr, and %Nati
In •nrry tioseriptioe of Foreign nod lionnest= 4
••....la, I ' aryntinrn. Ott Clotbs, to Yo. 13, !Hato
Itrin. Pa. _ _
WILLIAM THOKINTO?i,
Irmo' or Tax l'ocAci. Dodd" Agree.
tu-Lt Rood* tool Mortgages. 1.111~14 1[4., seearairly
..0”11, dram's. 011101, an Freerll,, Ju. &
tirofery Stan Ibis. Yn.
r. tmowpaeou.
Armours,' Al 1.-. r Ain icitruli or TIM
• • or prsctier thr reversl Courts of Vole County,
r , t. prompt and fnithful sttrnthin to art boudoir es.
to his Isaroir,o4threas on Attorney nr
BSc* in I..infoirt Shirk, earner of titian sad nrii
• • , hr... Pa.
l•. IJOI 4: LA ail.
I ArTOKINIV AT 1.01.--Oete
I.olAint yr eot ornate Pt.reet, on OA nankin& or A.
Krio P.
_-
1 )r.%IV ANIPISLINIII.
bk. lirl ion m. 0., /Mr hot assd
'Lk Maio Strrkt, H. Ih o, IC
hub sittentwo Stela/41,1.1r to lihr *masses* nt
ware 1.1 O.* Ey• hod te.f
10,1308.--3747
THE ERIE
B. F. SLOAN, IiDITOR & PROPRIETOR
VOLUME 80.
UPRIBILPia,
4TTOIIIXIT AT LAW.-01114• agar lisiga Tin
, betwipos Itroirs's PIMA and lied Roam, Pa $
1. 1. 001"1 1
Daaaaaa b all Wads of Nei, Ball, Plasaw, Mori
Jrk. ka.. ka Pabik Dock, Erie, hi. el.
•. SOW% J. IL LIM/.
VTT
Intougausam Retail dealer la all kiade
or Leah, Gomm sad Aniarleaa Hardware, darn; nese,
bau„liedia, Hadidiery sad Carriage
Yachts" Belting mad racking Treads street, ii=te
Reed Rea"
motor's Notiat.
WIIEREAS Letters of Administration
beettin bens muted to the euteeriber, on
the salute of Jobe rtapstrisk, dada, late of Otto, 'Wri
er" an persona Indebted to maid estate grill maks hautia
hille ImlPrep% MA theme Mein doom sposeathe suet
ill mend than properly authenticated for settlement,
IfiCISAIL HOWES.
Sept 10,, 111511.-4t14. 1 Ilk Creek It., j adm'r..._ .
'MOMS IS HEREBY GIVEN. to all
wyTuiNi.f
IA ma having Meade Ia the United Presbyte
non II round, (oil the isomer of Eighth sod Preach
!Woote n ) is to Noma et emus the reeaseai of their
remains, on or ore the 11/th day of October beat
Theme lo the game& arise that tans , will he
s mond by the see of the Coniuratioa, agreeably
to the provisions of the Art of Aseelobly, paused at the
laatemeioa of th• Laddalaavare, authorial*/ said femoral.
pie. July 1. Info.—!td My order of the Trustees
P_ 1.40.15TG1., Micf—
Physisian. Surgeon and Dentist.
trzerscoma yucsmatans,
anis Co., 1 • 1111LIIPA..
DR. L. having permanently located at
mienla his prefeeskra
el" promptness. All assfal aleretions oath. Teeth
perfomsod and warraated. teeth Inserted from
vas term oaths mei. Jul, Ittle.-4
REED HOUSE;
FRONTING THE PUBLIC NAME,
ERIE, PA.
P. ELLIOTT, Proprietor.
TIM LARGE AND ELEGANT Tim EL
Has bees thereeetay nopalml and rotdrolsb•
eat, and la polo open for the reception of guests.
.Board by the Day, Week OF Month on tea
etoesthie terns, eke Proprietor pleditny hinavir that
rzvlrort shat! be wantoig to gave enters satitfachow.
Private Putte*, Diaper Parties, or Warmly' , of
Saar trill hod the seeotemoilatione at this flonse
"ruperior to any other in the ray anti the churls as no
sonable.
el 'Good Stabling attacbed where reeets from the
cuustry will always end Attends. hastier& to take glean*
of their teams. May t labil.ttla
Ad dr in g For Chicago Ed igg i t
And Intermediate Porto ! •
ONE OF TILE PEOPLE'S LINE OF
Prnpellera leave this Port for Chicago sod
Intermediate Porta on WIIIII4IIte4DAY and KATI - 11.
DA y *bell week, wind and weather permitting.
Yor freight or kajoaire appir to
at J gr•Armi,
Erie, J 1.4111 4, 18.59 --42 if Public Dock.
NEW GOODS! NEW GOODS!!
FRENCH AND AMERICAN MILLINERY.
MRS. M. A. MORGAN,
has loot nem:trawl from ltrw York with
um. ismer* sal mast etrasplett asaarttoont
FILENCH
BoNNETS, RIBBONS, FLOWERS, &c., &c
In short, every thing to the Millinery 111.14 which via be
sold wholesale or retail at prices that defy competition.
Courtin' Millburn supplied with Goods at New Yoh
pnres, lidding a C0M11121114100. Al she has made ar
rangements to receive Goods every two weldtli, she offers
peeuliar inthioements to Mime busing to mil soa to
male their purchases at her establishment.
Mrs M Morey to Inform the pabtie that slie is prepar
e.% by • use and twoutiful process, to remoracsand Color
'qrs.., Mop°litan, ('Lip, and Leghorn, Its a moat superior
style.
inpr orders solicited, and satisfaction warranted.
==l
April 11, 1104.-1611
NEW MILLINERY 43100/48.
MRS. S. H. HALL,
Pesch Bt., slime the Depot Eris,
Has Just opened a new end sploodid Stock or
MILLINERS"
AND
STRAW Uth_lDS,
Rißeoss,
11111-ICa3C.B.
IMOTirElt 8,
Re.. a. Mao, RONNLIN, RUSCHRN AND TANNN,
toAchilbe mod hand- row*, bnonet (tumor .ad en.. oa,
DRESS BONNETT, DRESS CAPS. A HEAD
221151111 SLIM
a the latest at% lea.
IsYW hulfeular attention road to rolorizr, bleathios
and Promistir Filoorraerr and Riding Hat. einworri In thr
matt fa•hionabl• rtplo..lollll
my- Alio, a Daprtior at of 1.4.1it0 llertirry torprthor
with a ripenl iiamortaimat of Lady G....di,
April 23,1859 —MI &a
NEW GOODS!
SPRING AND SUMMER MILLINERY
MRS. M. CURTIS,
neer receiving s Lary and Vali As
soruooot of MILLINERY Ind rA - wcy Goork4, eon.iat
tag of a great variety of White sad
COLORED STRA* BONNIER, BLOOMERS.
And Children's Hata of ersry style, Rbakar Hoods. Roy's
Hata Re., &e-, Ribbons., Vie.en, Ream, Clips, Sled
Drowsed, Alexandre's Kid. Glares, Hosiery, lice \ •
ell.,
French COreetta and lair* Notarial, of all kinds for Em
broidery, Valesocierusea. Lace, Applique. sod Frond. Work,
Collars, gloswee, ke.
MILLINICRB supplied with Geode atwholaweale; also,
Plaster Bonnet Blocks. Bleaching and Pressing done in
the beet manner; also, Straw Bonnets colored Drab. Brown
and Black.
April 9, 1890. MRS. H. CURTV.
- - -
GROCERIES, &0.,
SELLING CHEAP FOR READY PAY!
11:111WILIMAPi, ILENDIG de CO.,
No. 2, Wrigbt's Block„Erie,
071111 a? WISOLIULALI oa 1127•11.
SUOARS of all DESCRIPTIONS,
AT LOW PRICES;
&IRKEN, BLACK
AND IMPERIAL TEAS,
OF DI MIEN', GOAD'S I
ROASTED,
GROUND,
AND
RIO COFFEE
SYRUPS AND NOLANNIX, OF ALL GRAM% ;
RICE, SOAP, STARCH, CANDLES, RAISINS
BAKING POWDERS, PRUNES,
FRUIT, NUTS, &0.,
WHIM PIM,
('OD PI NH
jueoN,
surricu,i,
I MID,
IttiOli,
IMMO APPLKAI,
WOOD an4lll
WILLOW WARK,
NAIL* AND GLAND.
Toltof&A , with a large woortmeat of all Wale or fiftelDB
kap ta • Getraerg Store. wide& tee our to mil at tile
lowest market pries. CALI. ANT) SEE UR '
BECKMAN, KENDIO &
April la, LSI*. No. 2, Wriglat's Block.
- - - - _
Iv HO WANTS A SAFE
TN sabaerlber baa tarp aln
REMIIINOII BAPS, wide& ha will Dawes of champ for
- Cash or approved paper. M. L. SCOTT.
Er* April 11.1U0L-44.tt
MAY PERSONS SUFFER intensely
lath Nursuideig, Pals is tb• rues, Tears
sod Jaw amt, that isiebt be rolloored aimed istomettoly
by the appikettos of the Its Inset of Smart Word. It is
both more pleasant lied ash than say of tbo Paht-Kinoro
sad Hot-Mops I. yea /sat try it.
10. Cann ft BRO
FRENCH SNOW WHITE ZINC,
dry good trotted Di whit, Dow Yarded, for For
Wald Web, ato. Mord Sam.
Brio, Jam 4,16811.-14 L. I. BALDWIN.
PAINTS I PAINTS ! ! PAINTS !! !
wute !Aid, dry sod la ail. Neseiesaaad Fivseli
Use. Iga yr asil mar+ hispeed OK ♦eogtlaa Red,
health nary, Chrome sad Rpm* Grim, ..1.1 I. .hart
exert Wag is the lbw of PADITS. lot salssi tM Rims
May li T. R. RINCLATR,
FARM LANDS EOE SALE X) MILES
frogs Philaisljela by *applaud lathe Stale of :Car
Jemmy. Soil eswoing the beet Mr Agrieulhael weave.
being • wad lam all, eft% • clay betas. The lead Is
a large trial, divided Into mall fr.zMe, sad Iseedresistive
ell parts of tie meetly are wow estiliag aid banding.—
rim grope wedges") an large sad an be age drogriet•—
?be climate Is delislafal„ and same flea trate Terms
hem $lll to par sae, payable within four year by Isr•
slalsesets. IN visit She phess--legre Vhie atria Wised
as Pbiladelrbis at to A. M. by Railroad tee lisagioatee,
or R. J. Byrne*. M letbet,Hasamadria rpm owe.
Adanbe ceamoy. blar Jersey. Pee fell adrertasoest le
another eohnag. • flea
FEAT*ER DUSTERS,
At jaky 2. CASTOR 6 MOIL
OBSIERVA.TIONS
ON SkINATOR DOUGLAS% VIEWS OF 'POP
Every one knows that Mr.Donglaa the Sen
ator from Illinois, has written and printed an
elaborate essay, comprising thirty-eight col
11[11113 of Harpers' Magazine, in which be has
undertaken to point out the udividing line be
tween federal and toed sotherity." Very
many ns Wave &god cow its parigpagthe
to the leadin
some few have prog Nos
bly wiii&gmt WI of *nth
and ba'read it with MIL
Those who dissent from the dont/hog of this
paper owe to its author, if not tokig argesaggrts,
a most respectful answer. Mr. Douglas is
nut the man to be treated with a disdainhal si
lence. His ability is a feet unquestioned ; his
public career, in the !seep( Many disadvanta
ges, has been uncommonly siumessful ; and he
has been for many years a wdrkiag, struggling,
candidate for the Presithietty. is, more
over, the Coryphetts of his polities/ sect--tae
founder of a new wibool--and his &sniping nat
urally believe in the htfailible verity of his
words is a part of their faith.
The style of the article is,' in some respects,
highly commendable, It is entirsly.fror from
the vulgar clap-trap of the stump and /tattoo,
vain adornment of classical scolareldp. Unlit
shows no sign of the'elequent Senator; it is
even without the logic of the great debater.—
Many portions of it are very obscure. It
seems to be an unsueceasfhl efort at legal pre
cision , like the writing of *judge, who is try
ing in vain to give good reasons for a wrong
deciqion on a question of law which he has not
quite mastered.
With the help of Messrs. Seward and Lin
coln, he has defined accurately enough the
platforto of the so-called ltepublioen party; and
he does not attempt to conceal his consietkoh.
that their doctrines are, in the lam degree,
dangerous. They are, moet,aneuredlit. full of
evil and saturated with mischeif. The, 'irre
pressible conflict" which they speak of with so
much pleasure between the "opposing and en
during forces" of the Northern and Southern
States, will be fatal, not merely to the pence
of the country, but to the existence of theGur
nil/went itself. Mr. Douglas knows this, and
he knows, also, that the Democratic party is
the only power of which is, or can be, organ
lied to resist the Republican forces or oppose
their hostile march upon the capital. Me who
nil ides and weakens the friends of the noun
lr) at such a crisis in her fortunes, assumes a
vet) grave responsibility.
r. Douglas separates the Democratic 'party
Into three classes, and deaenribes them as fol
lows:
•'Firet. Thosie who believe that the Consti
tution of the Cnitesi States neither establishes
nor prohibits slavery in the States or Territo
ries beyond the power of the people legally to
coutrol it, but 'leaves' the people thereof per
/teed) free to form and regulate their domestic
itistitutions in their own way, subject only to
the Constitution of the United States.'
••Serond Those who believe that the Con
stitution establishes slavery in the Territories,
and withhold. from Congress and the Territo
rial Legislature the power to control it, and
who insist that, in the event the Territorial
Legislature fails to enadt the requisite laws for
its protection. it becomes the imperative duly
of Congress to interpose its authority and fur
nisi. such protection.
Third. Ttose who, while professing to be
lieve that lbe Constitution establishes slavery
in the Territories beyond the power of Congress
or the Territorial Legislature to control it, at
the same time protest against the duty of Con
gress to interfere for its protection; but insist
that it is the duty of the judiciary to protect
'and maintain slavery in the Territories with
out any law upon the robjeet."
We give Mr. Douglas the tltll benefit of his
own statement- This is his mode of expressing
those differences, which, he says, disturb the
harmony. and threaten the integrity. of the
American Democracy. These passages should,
therefore, tie most carefully considered.
The first 0121 , 111 Is the one to which be him
self belongs, and to both the others he is eqnal
ly opposed. He has no right to conic between
the second and third eines. If the difference•
which bespeaks of does not exist among his
opponents, it :is their business, not his, to set
tle it or fight it out. We shall therefore coa
tine uuraiilves to the disputebetween Mr Doug
las and Nis folloners on the one hand, awl the
rest of the Democratic party on the other, pre
suming that be will be willing to observe the
principle of nun-intervention in all matters
with which he has no concern.
We wal invert the order in which he has dis
cussed tile subject, and endeavor to show—
! Thitt he has not correctly stated the doc
trine 141 by his opponents; and.
2. neat his own opinions, as given by him
self, erti altogether unsound.
1. liti says that a certain portion of the Dem
ocratic tarty believe, or profess to believe, that
tAe Comititution establashes slavery in the Territo
ries, anil insist that it is the duty of the judi
ciary tq maintain it there tau/tout any law on
the subject. We do not charge him with any'
intention to be unfair : but we assert, that be
has in fact done wrong to, probably, nineteen
twentieths of the party, by attempting to put
them on grounds which they never chose for
themselves.
The Constitution certainly does not ratablida
slavery in the Territories, nor anywhere else.
Nobody in this country ever thought or said
so. But the Constitution rega rd s as sacred
and inviolable all the rights which a citizen
may legally acquire in a State. If a man ac
quires property of any kind in a dime, and
goes with it into a Territory, be is not for that
reason to be stripped of it. Our simple and
plain proposition is, that the legal owner of a
slave or other chattel may go with it Into a
Federal Territory without forfeiting his title.
Who denies the truth of this, and upon what
ground can it be controverted' The reasons
which support it are very obvious and very
conclusive. As a jurist ands statesman, Mr.
Douglas ought to be familiar with them, and
there was a time when he was supposed to un
derstand them very well. We will briefly give
him a few of them.
I. It is an axiomatic principle of public law,
1 1
that a right of property, a private relation,
condition or statue, lawfully existing is one
State or country, is not changed by the mere
removal of the parties to another country, un
less the law of that other country be in direct
conflict with 'it. For instance : A marriage le
gally solemnized in France is binding is Amer
ica children born in Germany are legitimate
here if they are legitimate there ; and a mer
chant who bays goods in New York according
to the laws of that State may carry them to
Illinois sad hold them there under his contract.
It is precisely so with the stews of a negro car
ried from one part of the United States to an
other ;—the question of his freedom or servi
tude depends on the law of the pines where he
came from, and depends on that alone, if there
be no conflicting law at the place to which he
goes or is taken The Federal Constitution
therefore recognizes slavery as a legal condi
tion wherever the local governments have Chosen
to let it stand uusbolitthed, and regards it as
illegal wherever the Isms of the pines have for
bidden it. A slave being property in Virgin
ia, remains property • and his master has all
the rights of a Virg inia master wherever be
may go, so that he go not to any Owe where
the local law noses in conflict with his right.
It will not be pretended that the Constitution
itself furnishes to the Territories a conflicting
law It ()entails, no provision that can be tor.
Lured into any semblance of a prohibition.
2. The dispute on the question whethsosla
very or freedom is local or general, is a mere
war of words. The black race in this country
is neither bond nor tree by virtue of any general
law. That portion of it which tetras, Is tree by
virtue of some leeal a mlation, sad the slave
owes service fora reason. The Con
stitution mei laws of the United States simply
dechire that everything done in the premises
by size State governktents is right, and they
shell be protected in carrying it out. Ent free
Begone and sieves may both Sad themselves
:ERICAN
ILLINERI
ouft.
• brotight to this
Inchollug all the-
ME
.■a MACK KRILL
PORK.
ILA MM.
Naftali.
ILAR 80 1 /ERMONTY,
As Expressed in Harpers' Magazine,
ERIE; TA.,
I domicil 0441 , b•Afted w some 0 0814041 Mat
Level AiOldri_cT• :API le flotalpstant
,local se.
thority in a Tearitagg will he elnewhere con
sidered. ,
8. Thee if lion tittreialty Sixtieth
Sks
ri t ti"rri r t .. I ; dft it 41e Pe l
eisl vestimen , tl4, t
abet MA' lie taken •Ir jai the witho ut dem
. peasirait, hot wit foe totioow of
EllartoF t. petty, and every Mot
*Mims tah'eti of adellty to the eon
' ideation is Ineren,, end polio
bound to regard dhisa as nth. Does an
suppose that a COnstitutiori width seltne -
Vthe tratmedites dr private property so
y l . l would wastestby' destroy. that right.; not
by soy words thateireletsid in it, bosky seer
haldiestiou beta! Ha leased prineipleat It
adOt as Well be adterted.tbatthe general
'elOaa of the Genstiaatiost gave heteet aadidoitt-i
dllaiterPti Went* qt out horoiteiio eito vNldey
o 414* Ouse.• + ' • •;;.
d. The dagrt a p trt sfitb-e,,Pnittod MAW
has decided the vatetipn. After sole/nut milli
meatittad ettreful,gprj.pre trf, that augatt
tribunal has atinsugped, f iti'Optpran to be that
a elavehtbitr, by going Leto Fedsorel Ter
ritory, 'does apt bite the title be had (o his ne
gro in flab State'frOingiiiedi came.le for
mer ' Utak' • .qtimdfdi'.oe iscetatttutittail law
enee decided tif thitraisiiiisatbuti 'Was reit*.
ded its settled by alf:bieilpethit bitid'of:
ribald whey *meet periodically at Bas
ton to blaspheme the retitle's, and plot irebell
ion against the laws oftehereountry The lead
ers oh he so-eallediligoatilitma party have late
ly been treading clime ton the heels of their ab
olition brethren ; but it la devoutly to be hoped
that I Mr. Douglas- itisi nit Intention to fellow
their ertampli. In ease be itieteeted President,
be moat. sett the lasts faithfulle executed--
Dow he think he can keep that oath by fight
ing the Judiciary ''
• 5 'The legiostatteh hitacety of the country
shows that all the , great statesmen of farmer
times entertained the same opinion, and held
it an firmly that thej did pot even think of any
other. It was unirentally taken for granted
that a slave remained a shier, and a. freeman a
freeman, in the new Territoriss, until a ektitne
was made in their condition by some positive
enactment. hrobodybelieved that a slavemight
not home bees taken to and kept I. the North
- west Territory if the ordinance of 1787 or souse
other regulattun had not been made to prohibit
it The 'Missouri Ilestrietion of 18`.4..) was im
posed solely beeaime it was understood (rrob
ably by every toenaberof that Congress) that,
in the libigeato of s, eestrictien, slave properly
would be as lateral in the eye of the Constitu
tion above 15° an', as below ; and all agreed,
that tho more %Wears of a restriction did, in
fact, make it lawful below the compromise
line.
It It is right to learn wisdont:from our ene
mies. The }tepid)liming do not point to any
express provision of the Constitution, any to
any general principle embraced in it, nor to any
established rule of law. which sustains their
views The shiest men among them are driven
by guess of neeessity to hunt for argrasenp in
a code unrevealed, unwritten, and undefined,
which they put above the Constiption or the
Bible, and call it "higher law " The ultra ab
olitionists of New •England do not deny that
the Constitution la righty interpreted by the
Democrats, as not interfering against shivery
in the Territories; but they disdain to obey
what they pronounce to be "an agreement with
death and a covenant with hell."
7. What did Nlit.‘Donglas mean when he pro
posed and voted ler the Itimmas-Nebraska bill
repealing the 3Lipsouri restriction Did he
intend to tell sou era men that notwithstand
ing the mire& *Nile fittliriblititm, they were ex
cluded from
his slave perfectly good whenever he got rid
of the proldbitioh! Did he, or inybredy else
at that time, dream that it was neerettary to
make a positive bier in favor cf the sleveholder
before he could gu there with safety To ask
these question.' to answer them • The Kan
sas-Nebriudis hill was not meant au a delusion
or a snare It was veil itadersteod that the
repeal alone of the restriction against slavery
would throw the country open to everything
which the Constitution recognized as property.
We have thus given what we believe to be
the opinions held by the great Maly of the
Democratic party: namely, that the Federal
Constitution does not establieh shivery any
where in the Union ; that it permits a black
man to be either held in servitude or made free
as the local law shall decide ; anti that in a
Territory where no local Jaw on the subject
has been enacted, it keeps both the slave and
the free negro In the status already impressed
upon them, until it shall be changed by com
petent. local authority. We have seen, that
this is susutined by the reason of the thing, by
a great principle of public law, by the words
of the Constitution, by a solemn decision of
the Supreme Court, by the whole course of
our legislation, by the concession of our po
litical opponents, and, finally, by the most im
portant act is the public life of Mr. Douglas
himself.
Mr. Doughty imputes another absurdity to
his opponents when he charges them with in
sisting "that, it is , the duty of the judiciary to
protect and maintain slavery in the Territories
without' arty far +in the rublect." The judge
who acts without law acts against law: and
surely no sentiment so atrocious as this was
ever entertained by any portion of the Demo
cratic party. The right of a master to the
services of his stave in a Territory isnot against
law tior without law, but in full accordance
with law. If the law ba.against it we are all
against it. Has sot the emigrant to Nebraska
a legal right to the oz team, which he butted
in Ohio, to haul him over the plains ! Ist'ot
his title as good to it in the Territory.. as it
was in the State where he got it! And what
should be said of a judge who tells him that be
is not proticted, or that be is maintained, IS
thepossession of his property " without any
law hpon the subject ?"
11. We had a right to expect from Mr. Doug-
tor et least a clear and intelligible definition
of his own doctrine. We are disappointed.
It is hardly possible to conceive anything more
difficult to comprehend. We will transcribe it
again, and do what can De done to analyse it.
”Tbose who believe that the Constitution of
the United States neither establishes nor pro
hibits slavery in the States or Territories be
yond the power of the people legally to eontrol
it, but 'loaves the people thereof perfectly free
to form and regulate their domestic institutions
in their own way. sobject oily to theCoastitu
tion of the United States.'"
Conttituttmi neither rat'alitishre Nor prohibits
slavery in dr States or 94rrdorirc. If it be
meant by this that the Constitution does uot,
proprso virpre, either emancipate any man's
slave, or create the condition of shivery. and
impose it on free negroes, hnt leaves the tines
doe of emery black luau's tatty, in the Terri
tories as well as in the Stales, to be determin
ed b y th e local law, then we eALEgiit it, for it
is the very same proposition which we have
been trying to prove. But if, on the eonttary,
it is to be understood as an assertion that the
Constitution does not permit a master to keep
his slave, or a free negro to have his lioirty,
in al parts of the Union where the local law
does not interfere to prevent it, then the error
is not only a very grave one, bat it is also *b
unted and self-eeniradiatory. •
Th. Constitution neither eatablislios nor jorolobits
slavery in At States or Territories beyond eke
pewter of the peopk tegoriy to control It. This is
ladling to Potetwlto•Point arta. Of •course
subject, which is kimile eontrolled, cannot be
beyond the power that contracts it. But the
question is, what constitutes legal control, and
when iitspeople Of a grate er Territory are in
a condition to saltreise it.
The Onutitatteis of the Anted Stoles * • • *
leaves the peophojperfectly free. • • • sad
oubjeet may to the Cosetitou,os gibs Unitetißtcaes.
This carries us round a full circle, and drops
us precisely at Ow place of beginning. That
the Constitution leaves every,body subject to
the Coltstitudon , ls W'e are far from
. ilenteieg it.. We never iteeisl it doubted, sad
OBSERVER
BEE 1, 1859.
expect we never will. But the statement of it
proves nothing, defines nothing, and explains
nothing. Tt merely darkens the subject, WI
werdt4itheut intimang always do.
But emtwithateading all this circuity of el
and consequent opaqueness of mean
it7ll3; in t l he maptzine article of Mr. Douglvs,
irelltint we Can guess what his opinions are
er will be when• he comes to reconsider the
11141. Lie will admit {at least he will nut
undertake to deny) that the status or a negro,
whether of servitude or freedom, accompanies
`trim wherever he goes, and adheres to him in
ever; port of the I:ttion until he meets some
local law which changes it.
El
Q 1
It will also be agreed that the people of a
State, through their Legislature, and the peo
ple et • Territory, in the constitutien which
they may frp.ate preparatory to their admission
as a State, can regulate and control the condi
tion of the sniped. black race within their re
spective budedietions, so as to make them bond
or free.
But here we come to the point at which
opinions diverge. Some insist that no citizen
can he deprived of his property in slaves, or
01 7 1104 41 else, =opt by the provision of a
to constitution or by the act of a State Le
gislatete ; while others contend that an un
liasited control over private rights may he ex
ercised by a Territorial Legislature es soon as
the earliest settlements are made.
Bo strong are the sentiments of Mr. Ltottgles
in favor of the latter doctrine, that if it he not
established he threatens us with Mr. Howard's
"irrepceasible conflict," which shall end only
with the universal abolition or the universal
donthrion of alsvery. On the other hand, the
President, the Judges of the Supreme Court,
neerig all the Democratic members of Congress,
the whole of the party South, and a very
large majority North, are penetrated with a
ennvietion, that no such power is vested in a
Territorial Legislature, and that those who de
sire to confiscate private property of any kind
must wait until they get a constitutional con
vention or the machinery of State government
into their hands. We venture to dive the fol
lowing reasons for believing that Mr Douglas
Is in error.
the Supreme Court has decided that a Ter
ritorial Legislature has not the power which he
claims for it. That alone ought to he sufficient.
there can be AO 11/4W, order, ur security for anLi
utan's rights, unless the Judicial authority of
the (sanitary be upheld Mr Douglas may do
what he pleases with political eunveutiun4 and
party platforms, but we trust he will Ole to
the Supreme Court at lettat that decent respect.
which nonebtu the most ultra Republicans hare
yet withheld.
The right of prorerty is sacred and the brat
object of all human government is to make it
seettre Life is always unsafe were property
in not fully protected This is the experience
of every people on earth, ancient and modern
To secure private property was a principal ob
ject of Magna Charta. Charles I. afterwnrila
attempted to violate it, but the people rose up
on him, dragged hint to the block, and setered
his head from his body At a atilt later period
another monarch for a kindred offence wns
driven out of the country, and died n fugitive
and an outcast. Uur own Revolution was pro
voked by that slight invasion upon di, right of
property which consisted in the exaction of a
trifling tax. There is no government in the
world, however absolute, which would not he
disgraced and endangered by wantonly sitcrt-
Ewing private property even to n ain't! extent.
For centuries past such outrages have ceased
to be committed in times of peace among Cl\ il
tzeil nations.
Slaves are regarded as property in the S, -
ern States. The people of that seetion tiuy
and sell, and, carry on all their business, pro.
vide for their families, autl make their wills
and divide their inheritance.. on that n+•ontp
tion. It is manifest to all who know them,
that no doubts ever eroaseil their minds nhout
the rightfulness of holding surh property. They
believe timer have a direct warrant f&r it. not
4 iy in the •xiun .lee of the beat men that ever
itself; and they are t °roughly satisfied that
the relation of master and slate is the only one
which ran possibly exist there between the
white and the black race without ritinino both.
The people of the North may differ from their
fellow chasms of the South on the whole sub
ject. but knowing. as we all do. that theA t .. e n_
fitments are sincerely and honestly entertained.
we cannot wonder that they feel the 1110.41 un
speakable indignation when any attempt is
made to interfere with their right, , Thi.Qen
timent results naturally and necessarily from
their edneation and habits of thinking. They
cannot ,help it. any more than au houest man
in the North can avoid abhorring a thief or
house-breaker
The jurists, legislators, and people .4. thee
Northern States. have always sacredly respec
ted the right of property in slaves held by them
own jurisdiction. It is It remarkable fact. very
well worth noticing, t h at no Northern State
ever passed any law to take a negro from his
master. All laws for the abolition of slavery
have operated only on the unborn de.tcendant.
of the negro race and vested rights of masters
have no more hen ilistnrbed in the North than
in the South.
lo every nation under heaven, ei vilized, semi -
barbarous, or sayage,where slavery has ext-ted
in any form at all analogous to ours. the rights
of the masters to the control of their shares as
property have been respected; and no no occasion
bas any government struck at those rights, eN
eept as it would strike at other property. /...% en
the British Parliament, when it cmancitiare4.) '
the West India slaves, though it was legislating
for a people three thousand miles away, tin
not represented, neser denied . Wier the legal
or the natural right of the slave owner. Slaves
were admitted to be property, and the Our
'rumen' acknowledged it by paying their mas
ters one hundred millions of dollars I , .r the
privilege of setting them free.
Here, then, is a species of property which is
of transcendent importance to the material in
terests of tbe South—which the people of that re
gion think it right and meritorious in the eyes
of Ood and good men to bold—which is sanction
ed by the general sense of all mankind among
whom it has existed—which was legal only it:
short time ago in all the States of the Union,
'and was then treated as sacred by every one of
them—which is guaranteed to the owner as
any taker property is guaranteed by the Con
stittttion ; and Mr. Douglas thinks that a Ter
rit orhil Legislature is competent to take it away.
We sa No ; the supreme Legislative nosier of
a sovereign State alone can deprive a man of
his propegty.
Tails pro po sition is so plain, so well estab
lished, and so universally acknowledged, that
any argument in its favor would he a mere
waste of words.\ Mr. Douglas does not deny
it, and it did not require the thousandth part
of his sagacity to see that it was undeniable..
Be claims for the Territorial governments the
right of confiscating private property on the
ground that dote governments •aa sor•reign—
hsre an uncontrollable and independent power
over all their internal affairs. That is the point
which he thinks is to split the Democracy and
impale the nation. Din it is so entirely erro
neous. that it must vanish into thin air as soon
as it comes to be examined.
A Territorial government is meri+ly provis
ional and temporary. It is created by Con
gress for the necessary perservation of order
andthe purposes of police. The powers con
ferred upon it are expressed in the organic act,
which is the charter of its existence, and which
may be changed or repealed at the pleasure of
Congress. In most of those acts the power has
been expressly reserved to Congress of revis
ing the Territorial laws, and the power to re
peal them exists without such reservation.—
This was asserted in the case of Kansas by the
most distinguished Senators in the Congress of
1858. The President appoints the the Govern
or, Judges, and all other officers whose appoint
ment is not otherwise provided for, directly or
indirectly, by Congress. Even the expenses of
the Territorial government are paid out of the
Federal treasury. The truth is, they hare no
attribute of sovereignty about them. The es
sence of sovereignty consists in having no sn
perior in the United States Government, upon
whose pleasure it is dependent for its very es
istesee—in whew it lives, and moves, and has
its being—who has made, and can unmake it
with a breath.
Where does tics sovereign nuthorit,y, to do
$1,50 PER ANNUM IN ADVANCE
prive men of their property, come from " This
eremsrentient power, which even despots are
CAW iO4lB about using, and which a constitution
al monarch 'lever exercises—how does it get
into a Territorial Legislature! Surely it does
not drop from the cloud.. it will not be con
tended, that it accompanies the settler*, or ex
lets in the Territory before its orgsnization.—
Indeed it is not to the people, hut to the gov
ernment of a Territory• that Mr. Douglas says
it belongs. Then Congress most give the
power et the same time that it gives the Terri
torial government. But not a word of the kind
is to be found in any organic act that ever was
framed. It is thus that Mr. Douglas argu
ment runs.itself out into nothing.
But if Congress wm,ddi,e,, i a pant ill 0 express
ly to give this sort of power to the Territorial
governments, they still would not have tt ; for
the Federal Government iteell does not possess
any c_ontrol over men's property in the Terri
tories. That each power does not exist in the
Federal Government needs no proof: Mr. bong ,
lax admits it fully and freely. It is, besides,
established by the solemn decision of Congress,
by the assent of the Executive, and by the di
rect retiication of the people acting in their
primary capacity at the polls. In addition to
all this, the Supreme Court have deliberately
adjudged it to be an unalterable role of eon
nt tonal law.
This.acknowledgement that Congress has no
power. authority, or jurisdiction over the sub
ject, literally ohityv , Mr Douglas to give up hie
doctrine, or eke to maintain it by asserting
that a power which the Federal hovernment
door not p0411;4,11 way he yo en ty ronuress to the
Territorial
. o , ,t,r7totetit The right to aholiall
African slavery in a Territory is not granted
by the Constitution to 'ongress: it it Withheld,
and therefore the same as if expressly prohilr
lied. Yet %It. Dougla• declare. , that riingreis
may give it t.. the Territ , ,roo , Nay he goes
further. and gays that the trent of the power in
Congress is the very reason why it ran delegate
it--the general rule, ui hie opinion, tieing that
Congreaseannut delegate the power, it pos.e.,-
cc, but may delegate -itch. •'find only clod' as
Congress cannot exeretse under the Capstan
tut by turning to page, and
reader will ..ee that the. a.i iii lwg propo.it ion
is actually made, not in jet or irony, but ool
emnly, seriously. and. no doubt in perfect
good faith "On this pratieipit, as Congreb,
etiluicil i-e loi et to hialse jo.tt I ict•
law, or a law :lopairitlg ili.• „hligat int, „r e
Intel., Me, in/ e it may authorize , itch law , t o
his made the town eiluneile ot Washitigiim
city, or the lety ,outs of .et If I •..1-
grein 1.14.i* an act to 1,4111..11111A1 Wllll.lllt
it is void, and the judge , will not allow it to
be exeruied but t he poorer to do tilts iirolliti
itcd thing ern lie con.t it utioliall!, green
C ortgr ,... to a Terri, orutl
Iver,,lnt;t tlrt-tu here aro rortatn power , lie
atowed upon the hellion] linvertintent
are in !keit hatult of eeut •• 11 it ti
them eiingrees can .lo nothing. e . ....eept
that they ire eNeente.l hi the proven kind of
fdlieert- It t talon true !lint I 'otter,o , eee
tsait legietaiiie vowel • %filen enlitiot he dele
gated. Poit %IT' 11410 t tot‘.. 4.. n•.%
that he wit, talking •ih.ott 1.. , w;-1
longed to to to-,.•t i6e.c i•la-‘ , “ , hut ~hoot
legolative Juriltlict , on tot ally turhi , lkie:i t o the
Fetleroi Gt.xert:mtot, otoi iuraf , ahle ut tie i n g
.lelegutycl. for the emuit.lt o .1
not constititlionallt eat.'
1 1 1111 anybody .isty that -itch t politic ought,
us a matter it policy. t ,r ie:l-,1,- of public
safitty, to be held t-i-nalgo‘.
of the Territorie. • nipt. Ile no title. pat
riot, nor no friend Ot.ll.lclit , • and order. c•in
Je
tiberatelt reflect on the prof, Ode , ono yuent r,
without , lerireeiniing
This pouer finer , a Ili, ,•,,,• h:eh
in all 01- ha. 1.. ell 1.,..
guarded, lieetivo• 1:., tempt iti n lo
always great er t han tiny ot her I t t hat a o
the subject. ot a 'wooed monarch . , a ilk aif io•
grerdestyealoney No republic . 1 •i-t er failed
u. impose strict lituntitionn upon it All free
people iLILIOw, taut Li they would tewaiu ilee.
••. • - eiraapol ails ineceowuneut‘to keen it a
hands off [heir pi ii ale property . and this ran
he Clone only by lying them ttp with (-ireful
re•triction. our Ve.lerld
tut ion 41eckre, that •-no per.on -dist'. IS . de
prived of his lit operty except by due proee„,
of law,' and that • • prii ate property titall not
be taken for public ti.e withoutytist eiimpensti
tion " Ii is tirtiver , ally agreed, that this ap
plies only to the everet.e •.t the power by the
Government of the nit,' Slate. I% earl , a 1..,
protected agaiteo the :•.c iie ge•‘k hy
pro' howl in the Mit , -
Legislative robbery i+ thec,d'ore a crime which
cannot he ciontnltied either 6y Congle-. ~ e hr
any State Legt-lat ore. II he et-fle fir 11111
rebellion to the fun.lainental law •it . the Ina
But if the Territorial govvrtoneitt , it.tie
power. that Lev have tt wit bout any 1111111 AI ion
whatsoe‘er. utoi In all the tulnes.
despoti.m. They are onutpotrut in reizatil
all their int ermicaffaii for hey ire •. ont o
tett/too ,•, , s..tititttoti. to /tete' ILtm is • 'ge
this omnipotent uoiereigid) t. to he Ni4e1.1t . .1
by a few men ,mblett!i ar.tivtt 1. Vliel tio,
all party of Atuericv and Europe. titinclitaintrd
with one another and ignorant Of then . relat it e
rights. Lot if Mr. thoidas is light, tito , e
etoverntrottil a hair all ,e ah-t“lttte of
the Itus.inn Ant hey may take evert
kind of property in ettiortee, or for any
purpose of Inert. or e. without proer.s of
law, and without pr..% for eompemitittort
The Leeislatutet AIM); nt
Le
cnmpt„n m I ..Tor. n. . t ler the to turry
give tip exety ott . to c. , 1 I that hat+ been dug
nt Pike Pest; It rm• authorities of I. fah
.Itorthl licett-ti a band , tt marauder; to devroll
the emit:rant- 4 , 1,1••••/14 , Terrltelry, their .oi -
!reign right to .1,, a inliot he tpieeti,,neti 1
new Territory may be organized. who h South
ern men think should be devoted to the eillitire
of cotton, while the people if the North tire
equally that grazing alone I. tile prop
er business to he earned ou t here It one par
ty, by accident, by force. or by fraud ha+ n
majority in the Legi,lattire. the negroe lire
taken from the planters, and if the ocher :•et
gains a political i ietury, it is : , ,11 ,, ae.1 'oS a
statute to plunder the grazier- of !heir rattle,
Such things cannot he done by the I ' edersl
Government. nor by the government+ of the
Statea ; but, if Mr Lhotgl,i+ is not owl aken,
they can ht' done by i he Territorial governniell'.
tit it not every way better to wait until the new
inhabitants know theni.elvev and one another •
until the poli:y of the Territory is tiettlesl Ity
some experience, and above till until the
great powers of a sovereign State arr regular
ly conferred upon them And properly limited.
so as to prevent the grove abuses a loch alanv
accompany unrest riet te I power in human
There is nnotlfer eonsitkration, which Mr
Douglea should have been the Iwo ittlit to over
look. The present Administration of the Fed
eral Government, and the whole Democrat...
party throughout the country, including Mr
Douglas, thought that, in the CRAP of hau.s..
the question of retaining or abolishing hesty
should not he determined by any repre.enia
five body without giving to the w hole of
tbe people au opportunity olvoting On it 'lt
Douglas earned tt further, and warmly oppos
ed the eonstitution, deny tog even it , e ,
because other and undisputed part. of it hind
n o t also been submitted to a I..pular t ote.
Sow he i. willing that the whole .dsc ee y
dis
pute in any Te-ritory, and nil I ns=tines that
can arise concerntng the right. the people
to that or other property, shall be decided at
once ity a Territorial Legi.latore. without any
submission nt all. Popular ...yereignity in
the last Congress meant the Irerdrm ei the
people (mill all the rest rants of law and ord. r •
now it means a guNernment which shall rule
them with a rod of iron It swings like a
in , ndultini from One ("leaf • er to the
other
\lr. Douglas's opinions on t -11t.leet of
EKOT ere ign Temtorial ,governmetor :ire very
singular ; but the reasons he has produced to
support them are infinitely more curio still.
For instance, he shows that Jeffer.on one. , in
troduced into the old Vottgre.s of the Confed
eration A plan for the government, of the Ter
ritories. calling them by the name of • New
Staten." but not making them anything
sovereign or independent State; and though
this was ja mere "experimental
was rejected by Congress, and never afterward•
referred to by Jefferson himself, yet Mr. Doug-
las argues upon it as if it had somehow become
a part of our fundamental law.
Again : He says that the States gave to the
Fed. rat Government the: F..ime powers whit*
as colonies they had he to J eemeedeto
the British Government, and kept thee* which
as colonies they
,had claimed for themselves.
If he will road a common-school history of the
Revolution, and then look at Art. I, me. 8, of
the Constitution, he will findthe two following
facts fully established: I. That the Federal
Government has "power to lay and collect
taxel, duties, imposts, and excises j" and, 2.
That the colonies, before the Revolution, ut
terly refused to be taxed by Great Britain
and so far from conceding the power, fought
against it ,for seven long years.
There is another thing in the article which,
if it had not come from a dist mod Sena
tor. and a very upright genlTiasaa , would
have been open to 140[11411 imputation of unfair
ness. He quotes the President's message, and
begins in the middle of $ sentence. He pro•
testes to give the very words, and makes Mr.
Buchanan say . "That slavery exists in Kan
.lllB by virtue of the Constitution of the United
Stater." What Mr. Buchanan did say was
a very different thing. it was this; "It has
been solemnly adjudged by the highest judical
tribunal known to our laws, that slavery exists
in Kansas by virtue of tl*Conatitntion of the
Cited States." Everybody knows that by
treating:4h° Bible in that way, one can prove
the non-existence of God.
_NUMBER 17.
The arywouittust ud hommuns is not fair, and
we do not mean to use it. Mr Douglas has a
right to change his opinions whenever he
pleases. But we quote him as we would any
other authority equally high in favor of truth.
We can prove by himself that every proposi
tion he lays down in Harpers' Magazine is
founded in err( r. Never before has any pub
lic man in America so completely revolution
ized his political opinions in the course of eigh
teen months. We do not deny that the charge
is heartfelt and conscientious. We only insist
that ho formerly stated his propositions much
more 'clearly, and sustained them with far
greater ability and better reason*, than he
does now
Wheis he took a tour to the South, at the
beginning of last winter, he made a speech at
New Orleans in which he announced to the
people there that he and his friends in Illinois
acrepted the Dred Scott decision, regarded slave:
as property. and fully admitted the right of a
Southirn man to go into any Federal hiTttory
with hi slave, and to hold him there as Mho,.
pr,,erly 111 held.
In 1849 he voted in the Senate for what was
es)led Walker's amendment, hy which it was
proposed to put all the internal affairs of Cal
ifornis and New Mexico under the domination
of the giving him almost unlimited
e• et , lrp,r,'ut r. inehrtal and exerutire, over the
vo.rnoi ay;nrt of those Territories. (See 10th
t • ung , p t Undoubtedly this was a
•train.• lvd j treating sovereignties. If Mr
Ih,ntrl:ix i+ t Wit now, he was guilty then of most
81 roczoti • iirlinettion
1. , a- Imo h a sovereign State as any .
other Tecrdor). nod as perfectly entitled to
4 . 14.)11N Ihe tight of self-governtneut On the
I "AI, Mr. Douglas made a speech
at Springfield, Illinois, in which
he i•N pi opinjon strongly in favor of
the dut , • sml unconditional repeal of the
‘.1;! rag the Territorial govern
or tat 4. 1 '‘ ,,, e: l " , rand putting the people
it., r e : zelusive jurisetetion of the
!Ike a fort, arsenal, doek-yard
of magazine lie does not seem to hare had
the least ides then that be was proposing to
PSI mginpli a •osereignty, o; to trample upea
sacred right. of an independent people
The report nitwit he tondo to the Senate, ut
15...;. on the Topeka constitution, enunciates a
very different doetrine from that of the suga
r the article It is true that the language is a
little cloudy, hut no one can understand the
tollowiug sentences to signify that the Terri
torial governments have sovereign power to
take :iwny the property of the inhabitants .
-Th. sovereignty of n Territorr remattis iu
,„,, In the United States. to tryst
,or ),,,,p/e until they shalt be admitted tars the
a t a Shit,. In the mean time they ere ad
mit te•t to entoy and exercise all the rights and
pt - it of self-government, in eubershmatien
• .I,,,tutie, of the United States, sad IN
, 111 - 1 , 1 PLACE to Tin fillitIANIC Lvov passed by Con
irre,= in pursuance of that instrument. These
right. and priiileges are all deprived from the
t',nt+nnttlm,, through the Act of Congress, and
tuna te exercised and enjoyed in nutueet.ion to
all the limitation+ and reatrietiona which that
constitution
The letter he adder:wed to a Philadelphia
nieettn. in February, IK:I.S, is more explicit.
and. hariiug some anomalous ideas concerning
the nlteynnee of the power and the suspension
~ t it in oust, it 11 clear enough :
••I !vier our Territorial system, it require*
1.0 Wet' to ortlain anti establish eon
Kul governments. While a Tat-rite
to.iy and -Mould enjoy all the rights of self
govtrument, in obedience to its organic law, it
E K FAG!: PoWER. The sovereignty
..1 ,1 Territiir) reutaitnii in a tilbeynnee, suspen
,ltol it the l nitil State., in trn.t for the peo
ple when they lieeolue a State, and cannot
witlylrawn flout the hands of the trustee and
t,leti 111 the people e a Territory wit how flit'
oti-ent ot Congress:
The report whieh he made in the same month,
from the Senate counouttee on Territories, is
equally and rather more emphatic
against his new doctrine
-This committee in their reports have al
ways beta that n Territory is nut a sovereign
pewee: that the sovereignty of n Territory l
in alteyanee. suspended in the Ceded States,
in :rust for the people when they become a
Slate that tin United States, as trustees, eau
noi he divested of the sovereignty. nor the Ter
ritorN he invested with the right to assume and
evemse it. without the consent of Congress.—
If the proTiosit ton he true that sovereign power
al o n, c an to.tititte governments, and that the
rcignty of -; Territory is in abeyance, Stet
pent rn the I hued State., in trim for the
people when they heroine a State, and that the
.overel ; ..ttf , ; int; .1 Le di% e.t.;;l front the hands
of the trit-tee attututu the rt , sent ut Congress.
it foiloiv... as ~t, moil:title consequence, that
the Levi-Litt/re ilia not anti could not
confer upon the Lecompt on convention the any
treign power ordaining n constitution fog
the people of Katesai, in place of the organic
lie/ pacQed
The day a are past and gone when Mr. Doug
lit lea the fiery assaults of the oppositton in
the Lecouipton controversy Than it was his
object to prove that a Territorial Legislature.
far front being omnipotent, was powerless
1•Y'll to nothome an election of delegates to
I ',ashler about their own affairs It was as
s( tied that n convention chosen under a Ter
ritortal law eoul'l make and ordain no consti
tution which would he legally binding. Then
a Territorial government was to be despised
ati.l spit upon. even when it invited the people
to ',line forward and vote on a question of the
inokt vital importance to their own interests --
Bill ie iy all things hate become new. The Le
..nipton dispute ha. "gone glimmering down
the dream 01 thing• that were,'' anilMr Doug
h. piodoe,, another ',sue, brand new from
the 1.11.1 The old °pinion. are not worth a
1..11 to hi. present position it ttill-t be ~ .144
f I hv oppo , lle pi inciples and reasoning to
.I.lil to The Legislature of Kansa-.
so n• li t ..ot et; 11:1) hell 1,1 rot horited roll% en
(lon ot the people in tomenible and decide what
art ..r n eoll.tlittli it they would have, but
When it at elle. at their rights of property, it
herotnes not only a 1./ver/411n, but a itter e re i gu
of power. We have no idea
that Mr Douglas Is not perfectly sincere, a•
he wa also when he took the other aide. The
imptikes engendered by the heat of controver-
Py half' dtitco )1011atdifferent times in °ppm
site .lii We do not charge it against
him as it erase, but 11 is true that these Tie. 4
of lip., inconsistent as they are with one anoth
er. always happen to accord with the interest,.
14 the opposition, always give to the enemies
4 the Constitution a certain amount of 'mid
and comfort' tint alway a add alittle to tlie ran
cortmi anti malignant hatred with which the
Abolitionists 1,,,•1rtf the Government of theist
countrY.
y,,,, t h e 1,,,,, m pt 0 0 0 i,outo Which Douglas
made upon the Administration two year's ago
done, and the principles on which we were
then ..pposeti are abandoned, We are ne longer
required to fight for the lawfulnesa of a Terri
ori n t election held under Territorial ant horit,
Rut another ipome is thrum 'upon up, to "thy
' urll the harmony and threaten the integrity
of the party A few word• tnorit, (perhaps of
tedinti4 reptition,l by way of showing what
that new issue I. or probably will be, sud w e
ore lone,
We m•i+t thgt emigrant gain' into. Fed
eral Territory, reining hi* title to the prnperty
which he t.)k with him, until there is .owe
prohibition enacted by lawful vt.hority. Mr
bouir,la% cannot deny this in the fuee of his