VOLUME 4. Commercial Intercourses With the "New Dominion." Past commercial relations with the British American Provinces should con vince the people of the United Slates that they ought not to be indifferent to tho political movements now in progress in tho New Dominion of Canada. When the policy of the New Government is fully developed, it will be found to em brace a comprehensive and wholesome plan for future action which must affect the materi »1 interests of the States no less than their own. It will depend upon the States, however, whether they uso it to their own advantage or disadvantage. If wc examine the scheme under which New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and tho Canadas have been confederated wc per ceive at once that it !s as nearly republi can in form, and as nearly modeled after the United Statos, as is consistent with their avowed allegiance to tho British crown. In the first place, we see a union of several colonies for mutual advautage, just as happened here a hundred years ago, each colony having its Local Legis. laturc, aud collectively controlled by a central government. Lord Monck is simply the Queen's representative. He appoints his Crbinet, as does the Presi dent of the United States. The two Houses of Parliament arc elective. Suf frage is free and universal. The decimal system has been in vogue for some years, and tho dollar corresponds with our spe> cie dollar in value. A national currency will soon bo substituted for the miscel laneous bank-notes now in circulation, and will thus bo uniform with our own whenever we resume specie payments.— There will bo a specie deposit security of 33 per cent, upon the first issue of 65, 000,000, and 2o per cent, for each addi tional 82,000,01)0, besides a deposit with Baring Brothcis, at Loudon, ot the uni ted debentures of the several Provinces. A new aud liberal tariff will be adopted, operating uniformly in all parts of the New Dominion. The postal service will be improved and extended. There will be a central Treasury, with sub treasury at the chief commercial ports. Laborers are already at woik upuu the Western Extension Railroad; the link between New Brunswick and Nova Scotia will be immediately completed, and ground bro' ken for the long talked of " Intercolo nial." Provisiou for the looal army and navy will follow. This is the plan as laid for tho future. It is radiaut with promise. Neverthe less a very large portion ol the population laek faith and avow it openly. They aro apprehensive of untried experimcuts.— The country is in a transitiou state, wbcu all is uncertainty, hesitation, and chaos. There are a dozen inharmonious political factions, each with a policy of its own. Some are exclusively British in their proclivities ; others as decidedly Ameri can ; and thero are numerous intermedi ate shades of opinion. The lower Prov* inces dislike to lose their individuality, and aro jealous of Canadian preponder ance. They have yet to loaru practically that their Confederation is a strict part nership—the members with more or less capital sharing the profits and advanta ges proportionately—and that consequent ly the smaller Provinces, with their less er revenues and lesser populations, must hold inferior place to Canada. At pres ent they believe that tho effect of the plan is to give Canada the oyster and themselves only the shells. In tha midst of these perplexities business becomes deranged; money was never so scarce ; real estate never so low ; bank stocks de preciate, while the rate of interest is higher; laborers find little employment and low wages, capital lies idle; all kinds of business languish ; and there is au unprecedented the people to the States. (We speak more particular ly of the Lower Proviucos.) In such au unsettled stato of affairs, it is natural to look in every direction for relief. All are striving for tho attain ment of one graud object —namely, the improvement ot their present political jstatus and the advancement of their ma terial prosperity; Whatever step will most surely conduce to such results, tho inhabitants will be ready to take. There are now but comparatively few earnest advocates of annexation; but when com mercial intercourse is actively cultivated by the United States so as to become profitable to the Provinces and render the interests of tho two countries mutual and identical; when the onerous taxes which we now endure are reduced, so that the advantages will largely outweigh the burdens to be borne ; then our neighbors will find the inducements hard to (eject, and will look more favorably upon the question of annexation. Under our present policy' however, wc are simply ■iusing every means to discourage any la ment inclination of tho sort. We have repealed tho Reciprocity Treaty, which t was one of the strongest cords of uuion. We restrict trade by oppressive imposts. We tax lumber at sueb a rate that our ship-yards are idle, aud we cut ourselves off from the rich timber* districts of the Provinces, while we look about in vain for means to supply that deficit in our own resources which increases annually. We pay enormously for piaster, which exists iu the Proviuces in vast quantities and would fain seek a market. The val uable coal-fields of Nova Scotia are very many of them worked by Americans, ail of whom are suffering from the effocts of our existing narrow policy. There is a large amount of American capital inves ted in tho Provinces iu mines and manu factures and miscellaneous enterprises, which of itself affords a powcrfml ele ment for aunexation. There have always been considerable numbers of the native population who squint toward auncsa- AMERICAN CITIZEN. tion ; and wa speak positively when we state that very many, even of the most rigid royalists, to-day confessedly accept annexation as the ultimate fate of the " New Dominion." Few of them will deny that commercial success, the devel« oprnent of the extraordinary resources of tho country, and the infusion of ele mcnts that will stimulate enterprise and remove the weight that unaccountably seems to crush tho efforts aud energies of the Provincials, are the main objects to bo attained uow, even though they iu> volve the penalty of annexation. We have, therefero, in the States a golden opportunity such as was never of fered before. We may take advantage of the present perplexities of our neigh» bors, aud of their earnest dasire to bet ter their condition, to exort those all* powerful influences which may eventu' ally lead them to accept what most Amer icans and many Canadians believe to be their " Manifest Destiny." Ilarper's Weekly. One or the Other. Secretary Seward's long letter upon the subject of Santa Anna's capture shows that ho does not mean to invent causes of difficulty with Mexico. Indeed, after a kind of congratulation upon the over throw of the empire, he ends his letter by declaring that only some great nation al offense would justify the Government in taking a hostile or even unfriendly at titude toward the Mexican Republic.— The theory that Mr. Seward wished to make trouble with Mexico comes, there fore, very suddenly aud exclusively to tho ground. ludeed, to suppose that tho Secretary seriously wished a war with Mexico was to suppose that he wished to make this Government contemptible in the generous minds of every nation. For we had just insisted upon tho withdraw al of Fiance upon the ground that Mex ico should be left to work out her own destiny; and we should, in the ease sup posed, have been deliberately repeating the role of Franco in occupying aud con trolling the country. The disgraceful proposition of Mr. .James liroi ks, in Congress, and tho tone of very many influential papers in the country, should serve to admonish us all Of a tendency toward a wholly inexcusa ble national conduct. For also, notbiug was more timely than the letter of tho Mexican who was incorrect ly reported as a member of tho Cabinet of J uurc2. In that letter he exposed the preposterous position of this country to ward Mexico; and if it was in conse* quence of Secretary Seward's blunders, let the Secretary bear tho blame. Here was a person affecting to be American Minister in Mexico writing to the Mexi can Government from tho city of New Orleans. This person remonstrated with tho Mexican authorities in regard to the treatment of Maximilian. lint this person's superior ordered him to do so at the instance of Austria, tho enemy of Mexico, and Austria, in urging tho remonstrance, spoke of " tho right" of our Government to remonstrate. Yet we who claimed to do this from especial friendship for the Mexican Republic had hindered its efforts to get arms aud aid upon our soil while wo had favored those of tho empire for the same purpose.— With proper indignation, therefore, tho especial claim of our Government to in terfere was repudiated. One fast is indisputable. Except for us the French-Austrian Empire in Mex ico would have remained and flourished until today. Hut we opposed it upon the principle of tho Monroe doctrine, whioh was elaborated in Mr. Seward's correspondence with France; and that doctrine is the right of every country upon this continent to manage its domes tic affairs at its pleasure. That, as we understand it, is our policy toward Mex ico and the countries of Central Ameri ca and bajtmd. If they will listen fo our honest advice in any emergency, very well; if not, we have no cause of com plaint. That Mexico is a chaotic coun try —that Maximilian would havo given it a better government than can now be hoped for—that Jua-ez is merely a par tisan leader and will be opposed by oth ers of the same kind—that Maximilian's execution was a brutal bluudar and crime —that Mexicans are ferecious and inca pable half-breeds, and that all these late horrors would not havo happened had General Seott remained in Mexico, may be all true statements, but they do not toueh the case. Mexico lias tho same right to manage herself as she pleases, so far as we are concerned, that we have ourselves until Mexico invades our rights or threatens our safety, when we may, of course, defend ourselves. When any body proposes that, for the sake of civil order, humanity, and tho protection of the Mexicans, wo should invade and oocupy and regulate the couutry, we shall hare the same reason offered for making war upon a neighbor that every invading power has always urged. Tjiere is no middle ground between this conduct and the poiicy of independ ent alliance which we are now pursuing. Those who demaud " a policy" upjn the subject mean that we should bully Mex ico or devour it.— llarpev's Weekly. —Daniel tlook, Esq., aged 80 years, a native of Greene couuty, died at his res idence in Waynesburg, ou the Bth uit.— While sitting at his desk, and looking over some old dockets, he fell back in his ohair, aud expired almost instantly with out a moan or struggle. He had been iu his usual health all morniug. —A poor man being asked on a late trial for a certificate of his marriage exhibited a large scar on his head which looked as though it might have been male with a firo shovel. Tho evidence was satisfactory. " Let us have Faith that Right makes Might; and in that Faith let us, to the end, dare to do our duty as we understand it"— LINCOLN BUTLER, BUTLER COUNTY, PENN'A, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 7, 18G7- A Plea for Youthful Enthusiasm Think how, without a friend like St. Paul to throw his mantle over him, Tim othy's own modesty would havo silenced him, and his young enthusiasm might have been withered by ridicule or asper ity. From this instance wo are cnablod to draw a lesson for all ages. There are few periods iu life more critical than (hat in sensibilities and strong feeling begin to develop themselves in young peoplo. Tbejqucstion is about to be decided whether what is at present mere ly romantic feeling is to beoomn gener ous devotion, and to end by maturing into self-denial, or whether it is to remain only a sickly sentiment, and, by redaction degenerate into a bitter aud a sneering ton*. And there are perhaps few «oun\ tries iu which the danger is so great, and so much to bo guarded against, as here in England. Nowhere is feeling met with so little sympathy as here—nowhere is enthusiasm so much kept down—no where do young persons learn so soon the fashionable tone of strongly admiring nothing—wondering at nollnng-'-rever encing nothing—aud nowhere does a young man so easily fall into the habit of laughing at his own best and purest feel ings. And this was a danger which the Apostle Paul knew woll, and could not overlook. He foresaw the risk of paral izing that young and beautiful enthusi asm of Timothy by the party spirit of Corinth, by the tear of the world's laugh; or by the reeoil with which a young man, dreading to be despised, hides what is best and noblest in him self and consequently becomes bard and commonplace. In earlier day? Appolos himself ran the same risk, lie set out preaching all the truth that he knew enthusiastically. It was very poor truth, lamentably incomplete, embracing only John's baptism, that, is: the doctrine which John taught. Ilad tho Christians met him with sneers,had they said' '"This young upstart does not preach the Gos pel," there would havo been either a great teacher blighted, or else a strong mind embittered into defiance and here sy Hut from this he was delivered by the love and prudence of Aquila &nd Priseilla; who, wo read, "took him unto theui, and expounded uuto him the way of God more perfectly." They made al lowances; they did not laugh at his im perfections, nor damp his enthusiasm; they uuited him with themselves; they strengthened what was weak—they lopp ed away what was luxuriant; tl.ey direo ted rightly what wi>s energetic. Happy tho man who has been true to tho ideal of his youth, and has been strong enough to work out in real lifo the plan which pleas ed his ch.ldish thoughts ! Happy 113 who is not a-diauicd of his first enthusiasm, but looks back to it with natural piety, as to the parent of what he now is ! But for one of whom this is true—how many are there wliotu the experience oflife has soured and rendered commonplace ! How many who were once touched by the sun light of hope have grown cold, settled down into selfishness, or have been the mere domestic men, stifled in wealth or lost in pleasure! Above ail things, therefore, let us be waroofthat cold, supercilious tons whioh blights what is generous, and affects to disbelieve all that is disinterested and uuworl'lly. Let us guard against the Mephistophelessspit, which loves and reverences nothing.— F. 11'. Robertson. A BEAUTIFUL LEGEND. —They tell a story that one day R ibbi Judah, ami his brethren sat in tho church on a fast day, disputing about rest. Ono said it was to hare sufficient wealth, yel without sin.— The second said it was fame and praise of all men. The third said it was pos session of power lo rule the stale. The fourth said it must be only in the old age of one who is rioh, powerful, famous and surrouuded by children and children's childron. Tho fifth said all wero in vain unless a man kept all the ritual of Moses And.llabbi Judah, the venerable, the tallest of the brethren, said : "Ye have spokeu wisely, but one thing more is nec essary. He only can find rest to all things addeth this—that he can keep the tradi tions of tho elders." There sat a fair haired boy playing with lilies iu his lap, nnd hearing the talk, dropped them in astonUhment from his hands and looked up—that a boy ot twelve—and Aid, '•Nay, nay father, he only can find rest who loves his brother as himself, and with his wholo heart and soul. He is greater than farno, wealth and power, happier than a happy homo without it, better than honored age; ho is law to himself above all traditions." —Same idea of tiia stupendous frauils practiced in whisky may bo reached by estimating the annual product at 70,000,- 000 gallons—which is under rather than over the mark. If the taxes were col lected on the wholo, the product would be 8140,000,000. But let one-fourth es capo the law, and over $100,000,000 would b« obtained. Last year whisky yielded only 5'50,000,000, with the pros pect of being oncthird less this year, the receipts the last two months having been at the rate of 810,000,000 a year. This is no doubt partly the result of fraudulont evasion ot the tax imposed ; and partly tho result of lessened prodnc. tion in conscience of the unequal op eration of the tax law , but either way it works injuriously on honest taxpayers, and greatly deranges business. If Con gress should have any spare timo on thoir hands they could not use it in a better wry than in devising a mothod for in suring the payment of Government dues on all the whisky made. —Tho number of emigrants landed in New York last week was 5,0f); making the number since January 1, 144,336' against 143,880 to the corresponding data of 18C0. THE EMPTY SLEEVE. BT "WOLT£ftIKI." I want no pity, a*k no alms ; Give me some work for Ibis on* hand | Tho other, 'neath the Southern palms, Ih rotting In the nhiftlng nana. I left a home, a chlU, • wife, As dear to me as your* to yon, And freely offered up my Itle, To aid a cause I knew wiw true; And so, my fi tends, with your gujd leave, Foplty for this empty sleeve. I could not rest in Idle ease. And hear of fiery deeds each day } Although she, weepiug, clasped my kaeeo, And earnest plead that I might stay, •'Dear heart.' I said, "with steel and ball, Beneath the banner of the free I'll take my chance, fbr should it fall, What wonld home he to me Without the Hag whose sacred dyes Are pictured iu God's lovsly bkiee ?" Beerimed hy rawke and torn br shell, Hut each star standing in its place, Mure holy for the hearts that fell To shield it from disgrace ; It waves In Klory once again, As in the bright old davs before Its honored folds received tie xtain Of kindred blood at Baltimore—. Ere that old emblem sunk, believe, I'd wish a shroud to wrap this sleere. When the keen saw rasped through the bon% From my pale Hps thoie burst a cry ; *Tw.is not the stinging of tho pain aiono That canied that moan of agony : But thoughts of home smote on my brain— Good reason had I to deplore— For 'gainst two hands the wolf will gain Oft times a seat at Labor's door ; How should 112 then their wants relieve— A soldier with an empty sleere ? "Nay, d>n't despair; tak-* courage, lad," The busy surgeon kindly said ; "Bo sure, to lose an arm is bad, Hut better'tis than lose jour head ; Whv, Ml on! tongues love well to wag Of colored sergeant Richard Todd, Whose arm was first 10 plant our H »g Above grim A'agner's smoking sod ; Think of the glory, man, don't grieve, You are doubly paid for tho empty sleeve." But glory will not fill the hands Of thou® who wait at home for bread, Upon our hearth a spectre stand s, That fills our hearts with dread. Seeking f»r work day after day, Aud gaining nought but cold replies; At night I see her turn away To hide the tears that till her eyes, And almost wish death might relieve Biy pain, as I toy with the empty sleeve. Daily are places filled hy those Whocurssd the cause for which I blod— Two years ago our deadliest foes, Now on the public bounty fed. Blust we who breasted rebel steel. And b«»re ' Old Glory" through the land, Now ask of pnssers by a meal, Abject and humble, hat in hand? Republic, can you thus disgrace The hearts that held you iu your place 112 Does It not tell of hardships pv«*d— The useless flwinglng sleeve of mills 112 D' ad marches in December's blast, In pelting rain and shine ; Of eory fields and ghastl/ slain, Whose faces mtk the reel, And maimed when shrieking ia their pain, Where thundering squadrons charge ami wheel; Whose fierce hoofed steeds, In the wild strife, Crushed.eut t4>e little left of life. Of midnight rigilj It doth tell. In boardtd forests 'neath the stirs. Wherethrough tho boughs tho moonlight fell Upon the earth in silver bars ; Of hospltrls where groa-lng rows Of atrieken men draw p\infu! brealb, And prison doors that darkly close On horrors tenfold worse than death; Think, than, will beggars' arms reliove The bearing of this empty sleeve? For what is past T jet can say, 1 cherish not one vain regret; Do not, then, make me curse the day My old blue coat with blood was wet i Spare me your pity. If you plouse. And give me work 112 r this yno hand ; The other, 'neath the green palm trees, Is rotting on tho shifting sand; O. grand Republic, give me leave To procdly flaunt this empty sleeve. WIT AHD WISDOM. JtfeifSoft words scald not the tongue, {kiyllas any person ever tried liarey's system, of horse taming on tho night-marel BSjy-Oivo strict attention to your own af fairs—nnd consider your wife one of them. a woman does keep a secret it is pretty sure to bo with'"telling" efToet. SJay-Tako caro to be an economist in pros* peritv : and there is no fear of your having to bo ono in adversity. ftrjyDr. Holmes says that easy crying widows take new husbands soonest; there is nothing like wet weather for transplanting Befir An exchange says:"To make a muss —Pour a quart of molasses in your wife's new bonnet." fiidiculousl.the thing wouldu't hold a pint. am going to the Post-offioe, John, shall I enquire for you 112" "Well, yes, if you have a mind to, but 1 don't think you'll find mo there." ftayTho Scripturo says,"The glory of a woui.ui is in her hair," but nowhere i|oe« it say that tlio glory of any wc man is in any othor woman's hair. hard working, eminently pious woman once said: "I don't want togo to heaven as soon as I die, but rather to sleep in the grave a thousand years or so, to got rested." 'Aunty," said a threo year old, one day,"l don't like my aprons to be starched so much. So much starchness makes the sliffuess scratch my bareness. ttofThe man who can harness lightning may not be able to harne-s a colt. By?"The young man begins by his glass to sow his wild oats ; in a few years, the policeman, dragging him to the station house, gathers the harvest his oats have grown. BSay-"Wcn't you take half of this poor apple?" said a pretty damsel. "No, I thank you ; I would prefer a better half." Eliza blushed, and referred him to her papa. S*£f Ta»e heed not to be overloaded in the soft luxuries of wordly enjoyments, for he who drinks too deeply of pleasure, will find sediment at the bottom, which pollutes and embitters what he relished at first. J6£fWomen fill up all tho intervals in conveisations and ill life like the down placed in glass boxes ; we reckon the down us nothing, yet everything would break to pieces without it. BSaT""Jennie," said a Puritan to his daughter, who asking lon'ent to accooipa> ny hoi urgent and favored suitor to the al tar, " Jeniiio' it's a very solemn thing to get married." " I know it' fat.ier," replied the sensible damsel. " but it is a great deal more solemn not to." JPST-Mr. Jeukins was dining at a very hospitable table, but a piece of bacon near him was «0 Tery small that the lady of the house remarked to him: " Pray Mr. Jenk ins, help yourself to the bacon 1 Don't be afraid of it.'' "No, indeed, madam—l've leon a piece twice as Urge, and it did not scare mo a bit." SSjjr ' So you are going to ke»p bouse?" asked an inquisitive maiden of a bride. " Yes," said she. " Going to have a girl, I suppose?" " I really din't know,"was the reply, " whether it will be a girl or * boy." Total Abstinenoe. Dr. Guthrie, in one of his charming magazine articles, holds up the remarkable example of the Ilechabites, who in spito of temptation and of tho general de generacy in Israel, adhered inflexibly to their ancestor's command to drink no intoxicating liquors. In the easo cited in tho Scriptures, their fidelity to principle was most note worthy. Ho says : "Tho instructions of Jonadab to his children, in conformity to which, einco example is better than precept, ho prob ably shaped his own practice, were these as recorded in the thirty-fifth chapter of Jeremiah : "We will drink no wine," said h's tribe, "for Jonadab, the son of Reeliab, our father, commanded us, say ing : Yo shall drink no wine, neither ye nor your sons, forever; neithor shall ye build houses nor sow Bced, nor plant vineyard, nor have any; but all your days ye shall dwell iu tents." Thus steadfastly adhering to a prac tice which the founder of their house had enjoined, and age had made venera bio in their eye 3, the Rechabites an swered Jeremiah, pushing away tho cup he offered. Though not without God's sanction, and indeed in obedience to His express directions, tho prophet had put these stout men and their stern principles to no ordinary test. It was iu the very temple aud house of God that the wine was offered. It was poured out by tho hand of His most pi ous servants. He was a prophet of the Most High God who invited them to drink, —what, apart from tho prohibition of Jonadah, they probably had no ob jection to use. How , natural in these circumstances for them to gay—That cannot be forbid den which is offered in holy vessels, nor wrong to which a prophet invites! Yet they put away the cup saying, "We have obeyed the voice of Jonadab, tho son of ltechab, our father, in all that he hath charged us, to drink no wine in all our days, we, our wives, our sons, nor our daughters." Happy family ! —of how few, if any, of ours could it bn saidl in which for throo hundred years there had never been a drunkard to break a mother's heart, to bring shame on those who loved him, to fill a dishonored grave ! However people may, or may not,, think it duty to set tho example, and rear their childron up in the customs of the Rechabites, they cannot but admire the wisdom of this nsnn. Holding pre vention to bo better than cure, and that, as all experience proves, it is much easier to keep people out of temptation than to save them in it, Jonadab, while enjoining his dccendants to drink no wine, seeks to protect them from temp tation. The general lesson which Jon adab's injunction toachos is one the truth and importance of which nono will ques tion. Peace of conscience and purity •112 life turn mueh more on our avoiding than on our resisting temptation. It is wiser, if it be possible, to flee than to fight it. Patriotio Lotter from Gen Eose crans. Gen. Rosecrans was lately invited to attend tho Union ratification mooting in Ban Francisco , but he could not go; but ho sent a long letter, from which we extract the following : It is clear to mo that we must have a National party for tho future, and equally so that its bones, sinews, life blood and intellect must come from the Union men of ihe country. It ought to be, and must be, composed of those who, when told " the nation is lost," bravely answered. " Never till we perish shall this catastrophe to human liberty bo re corded"—of those men whose thus tried, courage gave promise of that magna nimity which I have so often witnessed with a thrill of secret prido aud joy they filled me with hope and confidence in our future. If I could I would say to those bravo men now frankly accept the decision of tho questions they fought on, cast your lot with the Union men of this nation, who opposod and fought you —trust them. Let not a few extremists, excited by vague or unfounded appre hensions, by personal interest or ambi tion, prevent you from meeting the great body of tho National Union men repre sented by Congress, and closing ior ever the agitation about reconstruction. This is our common country. You are our brethern. Wo shall not become excited against you because a few hot headed or a few decaying politicians attempt to work on your feelings for their own advantage. Meet us with trust and cordiality, satisfy the appre hensions (even if you know they are un founded) of a true though uninformed loyalty, and you will find us bravo, truer and mere generous friends than those who claim, par ejcctlk.ice, to admiro you and deplore your present situation. Those are my profouud convictions. I rely on tho men who fought and labored for tho utility of tho nation to be the most intelligent and persistent maintain* era of the autonomy of tho Statesjagainst the extremes of anarchy or consolida tion. I know the men of tho South ought, by tho instincts of conservatism, courage and interest, to bo with thom. If these views are correct, it is obvious there should be no wavering in our support of the present general policy of Congress, however its details may or may not lequire modification. No represent tative ought to be elected to Congress on platforms of oppu or covert opposition to measures wherein Quality U more im portant than detail." The Issue Determined, The hope that was at ono time enter» taioed that President Johnson would submit to the verdict of the people upon the appeal made by him to them, may now be regarded as finally ended, and an a consequence it may bo safely con cluded that the chasin that has so long yawned between the President and the people cannot and never will be bridgod. The lingering coutidenoe of many of our most charitable people that the Presi dent was honest in his motives aud that he really intended to govern himself by the fairly expressod will of the people, lingers no longer, lie has thowu down the gage of au uncompromising contest in behalf of hi* own impracticable measures, which have received the ro peatcd condemnation of the people, whose judgment he has challenged. Qe has practically declared that ha will never submit, until tho people, by their ballots, have accepted his monstrous theories and rejected the wise, prudeut, and efficient practice of Congress. His parallel in muriy respects is found in the solf opin ionated and boasting juror, who explain ed why tho jury failed to agreo, by say ing that the other eleven jurors were tho most unreasonably obstinate follows he had ever seen. Tho situation is clearly marked anil defined. The President, as a dispenser of an amplo patronage, has called to the support ol the bare shadows of a polioy which virtually surrenders to the rebols the legitimate fruits of a loyal victory, a political party which acted iu tho inter est of the rebellion from tho beginning to the end of the contest, and which at a critical period of tho struggle declared that tho war was a failure, and virtually proposed a buse surrcuder to the rebell> ion ; to which party may be added a few deplorable examples of self-styled Conservatives, who swamped what little loyal principle they had in an ill-judged pursuit after the fat spoils of offico. Congress, on tho other band, stands in trenched in tho affection of tha loyal people, by whflse self.sacrificing devotion to the Government in tho darkest and most trying hours the torrifio contest was brought to a victorious issue. . A year sinco tho lenders of theso two parties ap pealed to tho ballot with promises of ao quiescence in tlio result. Congress was triumphantly sustained, and instead of submitting to tho sovereign will of tho people, tho Proaident most deliberately and insultingly disregarded tho popular verdict, aud with deplorable imbecility continued his appeal to tho people. Since that time the people havo not changed. The determination to gather the fruits of our triumph over treason is as stern as ever, and no signs can be discovered anywhere of a disposition to recede from the contest. Indeod, whilst tho President, by his enoouragemont to the rebels of resistance to the measures of Congress, has developed unfavorable traits in tbo rebel character, tho people havo demanded tho enactment of such measures as may bo necessary to cir> cumveut tho macniuationa of disloyalty in whatever guise they may appear. The people of tho South may learn too late that they havo Binned away their day of grace, and thoy would do well in the recess ot Congress to look the issue squaiely in the face, and by prompt ac tion avert all future danger. If they art wise they will tako heed of the settled determination of the loyal North. OB our part tho struggle will not bo pro tracted beyond tho 4th of March, 1869, and on theirs it cannot, for the unwise and obstinate President who now defends their cause will then rotire to a most in glorious seclusion. Two sessions of Con gress at least ciust intervene, and what further legislation may bo demanded by tho situation must bo determined by their own conduct. A quiet and cordial submission to tha laws will probably be met with a softening down of some of tho harsher features of our reconstruction measures, while a continued resistance must naturally provoke tho passage of more stringent aud effoctive laws. Tho counsel of Andrew Johnson if longer followed will in tho end accomplish their total ruin, while an honest compliance with tho laws of tho nation will anchor them in peace, honor, safety and prosi perity.— Pilltbunjh Commr.rcial. Juarez Defended Mr. Edward E. Dunton appears in the New York Times in defenso of President Juarez, witli whom fur ton years he bad been on terms of personal intimacy, during which period he has rondored the successful chief tain all the assistance in his power. The defense is hearty and will be read with in terest, even If it does not effect the purpose for which it was written. The main portions are as follows: It is true that Juarez is a pure Indian of tho Toltecs r.ice—a people that were in pos sesion of Mexico when the Aztecs arrived there. Taking tho few remaining Toltecs as on* family, Juarez can trace a purs lin eage, clear and distinot, a great ways further'back than the Hapsburg family. He comes from tho mysterious regions of Mitla in Oajucn, where the winds sweep mournfully through the stately groves of cypress tU.it shade the graves of the kings of his ancient people—graves whose dates arc lost in Ibc un knowen past. Juaroz was born in 1800. He is short of stature, thick sot, has an jntelleotual head, something, perhaps, of the gnarly in its configuration, and though his face is not handsome, a good and pleasing expression frequently breaks through the grave repose it usually wears. He has tho Spanish polish, dignity and stately suavity of manner in the highest degree ; he is thoroughly educated in the profession of law, and his attainments ere various; he never attempts to speak English, though he has a pood understand ing of the language, and his reading of it is extensive. Juarez is probably the best read and them >si solidly informed man in Mex ico. Ho has a large and exceedingly well balanced intellect, of thf Webeterian NUMBER 33. order of astuteness, and though it mores a little alow, it moves sure. That he possess> es extraordinary deoision of character and & tenacity of purpuse that will yield only with death, the onemies of the Republic of Mex ico have no doubt ascertained to thefr full satisfaction. In all that constitutes what ii termed the gentleman, the Indiau citizen Juarez was tho equal of the deceased Prince Maximilian, while in soopa of intellect, solid acquire ments and all those qualifications that oon* stitute the wise statesman and ruler, (he In dian President of the Uepublio of Mexico, proclaimed au outlaw with a price set upon his heal, was far above the so oalled Km peror, the scion of tho royal house of Ilaps hurg. A more kind-hearted and pure man, a more determined, courageous and exalted patriot than Benito Juarez never lived. Thv more I study his history the more certain I feel that ho will rank with posterity as one of the greatest men and finest oharaoters of the age, and that his career will beooniid* i ered the most extraordinary of modern times. Now that Juarez has savod his country and retirod from tho cares of State,l hop# tic inay be induced to visit the United States. 1 shall he most happy ii the honor of hav ing him. as my guest, though he is a full— blooded Indian and has a red skin. In this connection I will state that I find it impossible to aooount for the faot that many newspapers and individuals in this country, originally prominont as abolition ists, staunch supporters of the war to liber ate the blacks, nod who now vigorously ad vocate their social and political equality, are the chief mourners for Maximilian and his fallen Empire, and tho most bitter in their denunciation of Juarez and the Mexican lie* publicans, bocause thoy are pure Indiana, ot of mixed blood and have a dark skin I Instinct Without Brains. Long ago it waa aacortaiuod by natu-» ralists that worms and inaeots are witb» out a brain, and yot they pursue a oouraa of activity which bears ao much upon tha domain of reason wo aro accustomed to say they act from instinot, which is no explanation at all of phonomena in tha higher ordora of organic lifo which havo thoir origin in tho brain. If that organ is severely injured, so that its normal functions aro no longer performed, oons soiousncss aud ordorly manifestations of its influencoaro interrupted orsuspendod. But the insect world swarms with be ings of the most delicato construction, without hearts and without brains, whoso movements and habits, independently of thousand of contingencies to whioh thoy are expose!, prove in tho most satisfac tory manner that thoir acts are a near approach to the olomonts of a reasoning faculty, if thoy do not indicato reason itself. When, by accidont, a throad of a spi der's web is broken tho little weaver ex amines tho misfortune with extreme oaro, and, by taking different, positions, sur» veys tho damage, and then proceeds ar tistically to repair it by splioing or in serting an entire now cord. Again, when a wandering fly becomes entanglod in the not, tho cautious ap proach of tho owner of tho tray, lying pationtly near by for game, indicatos.cal culation in regard to tho charactor and strength of the victim. DoosJ it not strangely rosomblo roason when all its movements, under suoh an aspect of af fairs, shows beyond a doubt tho spider considers the matter in all its relation* before venturing to seize the prey ? And yet spidom are without a brain. A very nico question hero very nalt»» rally suggests itself, which learned ex ponnderi of phyaiologioal laws are res* pectfully requested to explain. But, puzzling as this may bo to answer—how there can be thoughts, and evon an ox erciso of the kind of judgmont employod by the spider iu monding its web—thero aro other subjects for philosophical reflec tion quito as difficult to solve in tho do maiu of vitality. But what process do infusorial and microscopic insects oon« duct their affairs, which seem also to bo tho result of something more than mero instinct, in their extraordinary exhibit tious of themselves? Tho Day of Reckoning. "The day of reckoning," says our Democratic neighbor, "cannot be far off." We quite agree with him, and are gratified to see that his mind in turned to such themes. The day of political reckoning, according to our estimate, is distant about six years, eight months and say twenty days. Not to bo too particular, it began in the Fall of 1860 Anno Domini, and in tho year of the reign of a bogua Democracy, tho last. Since that timo it-has been occupying a left hand po sition, sufforing all the horrors of an out-of-power and out-of-credit condi tion. Tho shattered, demoralized and despondent state of tho Demo cratic party is the best practical commentary on the subject of politi cal retributions. At tho bar of en lightened, loyal public sentiment, it stands condemned for recreancy to all patriotic American sentiment and for, at lea3t, complicity with the atro» cious and life-wasting rebellion. Talk of "reckoning!'' Yes, it has" been going on for seven years. Tho culprit has been cast out in every loyal State of tho Union, and even the disloyal States, which it deceived into rebellion arc now taunting it witt) reproachos well deserved. With such a record and in such a condition the hopes of tho party, if they really have any, in the coming election aro irresistibly comical—brilliant as spe cimens of tho ludicrous. The best historical parallel that wo can accord to them is that of the outsido observer of the weather prognostics, on an ancient occasion, who rather thought it wasn't going to be much of a ehomr.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers