VOLUME 4. AMERICAN CITIZEN .fob PrlatißgOffket Ornamental, plain, Fancy, card Book AND • m NtttiTtttS, Jll tlie Arbitration room In the Cotfrt * HouHf. PA. •4VE ARE PREPARED TO PRINT,ON SHORT NOICK Bill Heads, Books, Druggist Labels, Pro grammas, Constitutions, Checks, Notes, Drafts, Blanks, Busing Cards, Visiting .Cards. Show Cards, Pamphlets, Posters, Bills of Fare, Order Books, Paper Books, Billets, Sale Bills, &c. BEINO FURNISHED WITII 'The Most Approved Presses AND TIIE LARGEST ASSORTMENT OF Type, Borders, Ornaments, Rules, Culs, &c., IN TUB COUNTY, # AVe will execute everything in the line of PLAIN AN DDECORATIVF PRINTING NEATLY, PBOMVTIT, AND AT KRASEMAU! E KATES, in a style to oxcel any establishment at home, and compete with any abroad. WORKMEN Are employed in every branch of the business, and we endeavor to meet the wants of the community, a«d to re tain the honorable distinction which has been already conceded to this establish ment, for TASTE IN COMPOSIION AND Elnee In Pi'«'»s Work. In all the essentials of Cheap Printing. Good Paper, Tasteful Composition, Beau tiful Press Work, and DISPATCH, we in vite comparison, from getting out a < ard of a single line to an or a work of any number of payeti. FftQF3GBSIOHAL CARDS. L. Z. IVLITCHELti, jtk « • =*« Jtoi-ofUne N. K. Corner of Diamonil, llmler, Pa. 's# j (litirlf* M'Ciui'llt'KS. ,» * I«»»■ •-«-.» ««< «...»» - Office. South wost ooinor of Diamond, Butlar, P». \s d J. PURVI *\< B\ ▲ tto rll >' « at Jait w , fin S. K. of Dlnmoml »nd Mainct. Butler, Pa. joliN SI. THOMPSON, LYON THOMPSON & LYON, y m t « mm =• « ■, J• |t7"ofßce, on Main Street. Rutlor. P* "u* 01.0. A. BLACK. GEO. W. PLKEOEE BLACK & FLEEGER, AT I.AW, AND PENSION AND CLAIM AGENTS. South Ka»t Curaar of Dlumoml. Ilotler, P» SEWHsTG-. SIRS. T. 3. I.OWM IN, Voul.l rcjppctfullv Inrorm t!i«> ritteom of Ihlt plan -111 t k)h- i" in-fP'Ufrt to «lo nil kID'U 'f pewitl*. '-uch u« , 111..* Miikinfi:iqin «. tioulV Shim, ami clillilriMi'.. ti'imral. *!••'. I.i'cnl Ageo* for Wlirnler 4 Wilwm >.•{,!»< UMliinH. Ml. 9>. vol 4. no 11.-lf _ E3- B1 - Illilcllf, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Will nttonil to all bmlnMientrmtad to Ills enre prompt ly. Smrinf attention elroti to tlio colli-ctlou« of I'cii jYo'i. n.irl I'tiy and Hmaiiet. Will AIAO Act us agent for those wishing to buy or J toll t'«al .-state. OflW on South »i.li> of Diamond, in tlredrn'" building. I Jlntl.r Pa. 1 THOS. I^O"B.TISrSO3ST, Attorney at Law^ PENSION AMD CLAIM AGENT Office with Charles M'Candless, E.-t| I JS. W. Comer ol Diamond BUTI.ER PA. iss 0 sbb Agent. Tnr. undersigned would respectfully notify tlie public tLat li« lm* been Ycgulurly commissioned as CLAIM .A-G-ZEHSTT, XorMcuring nmnla Honey, Arrtars of I'atj an I An tinru for soiilliM *. or If thev are .lend, 112 r their lofcai r»nr.'»ortatiTe«. No chaise will henr.uie for prosecuting tho clinnisof sol.liers, or their rep-psentatlv.-.-. not'! Ihv 'samearecollee U>>l. 0. K. A.NDKITSON. AiVIRJTY? ES, DAGUERREOTYPES FERREOTYPES. &e., SAMUEL SYKES, JR., HKBPBCTFULLY Informshis friends and the pnblic in general, that ho Is prepared to take PIIOTOOR A PUS, A M BROTYI'kS. Ac., In tho latest styles and in all kind* ~112 weather. An n wort in on tof Franks, Cant*. &c , con ■tnntiv on band. Call and examine Specimen-. MIK on Maine A Jefferson Streets, opposite WEBER & TUOUTMAN'B Store, Butler, Pa. "RESTAURANT, On Ma n Street. One Door North of Ccurt House, SAMULL SYKES, SR., Has constantly on hand. Fresh Oysters, Ale. Boer. Cider, and Sarsaparilla. Sweet Meats, and Caftdlet of all kind' : Ginger bread ami Sweet rakes of every vari ety. Nuts of all kinds. If vou w.uit good Oysters, pit ten up iu the very l*e makeup j clothing in the latest ami most approved style Plea*' call and examine our Fashions and Specimens of meu and boys' wear. Spoci-l attention given to boys* cloth ing. KITES MULLER. WHITE * CO. August 12, 186o force and sanctity of law. But he did this twenty months ago,wc are told, and why do vc now first hear of usurpation ? We do not now hoar of it for the first time. It was as clear then as it is now. Hut the express terms of the President's proclamations and the words of the first Message in Dectuihsr, 18G5, by which ho referred the whole subject to Congress, and his declarations that he regarded his action as experi. mental, perfuaded the country that his proceedings were merely provisional,and were taken from tta necessity of imme diate action and from considerat on of public safety. If the President had said in his proclamations that when any State had conformed to the terms he imposed it shuald be at once by that fact restored to all its functions in the Union.the very first act of the present Congress would doubtless have been his impeachment. Moreover, when his usurpation began it was reg rded not only in the light 01 his >wn declaration that t was a j rovis j ioual, experimental movement, arising from the public situation, like a sudden suspension of the habeas corpus, mod tike that wholly referable to the ratification of Congress, Jjyt it was viewed also from th ' point of his conduct through the war and hisspeeches upon his accession to the Presidency. In a word.thesan e confidence which the country had rsposed in the occasional arbitrary acts of Mr. Lincoln —a confidence founded in entire faith in his patriotic loyalty—was naturally transferred to his successor, elected with him, and called suddenly to deal witb an utterly unprecedented emergency. And Let us have Faith that Right makes Might; and in that Faith let us, to the end, dare to do our duty as we understand it"— A. LINCOLN BUTLER, BUTLER COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1867. the usurpation would hive b«cn as heart ily condoned by the country, &3 Mr. Lin coin's acts always were, had the Presi dent himself morally justified his course by showing 51 r. Lincoln's simple fidelity. But when the deplorable consequences of the President's course were gradually revealed—when the country saw that the President actually denied to a legislative function which he had not hesitated himself to assume, that, not content with so startling a position, he fiercely denounced Congress as an unlaw ful and impertinent body; that his action had placed the government of the lately rebel States wholly in the hands of ene mies of the Government; leaving Union men of every color tq their mercies; that he opposed every measure of Congress intended to secure the just and necessary results of tho war; and that the whole mass of those who had been in open or covert Inu tility to the Union and the prin ciples of equal liberty were suddenly changed from his foulest detractors into his most unwavering and menacing sup porters —then those who would willingly have forgiven the assumption of power, had it beei, directed, us they supposed it would be, to tho pacification of our troub les, saw the Presidential conduct in its : true light as nothing less than usurpa tion. That it was begun with the deliberate intention of overthrowing the Govern ment is not clear, but fl at its chief dan g sf, the sudden restoration of the late rebel States without the least security to the Union, has been averted, is very evi* dent. Yet the question still remains, and it is the question which the country is now pondering, whether impeachment is a wise policy until the President is shown to be wilfully persisting in the attempt to establish his usurpation by actually refusing to execute the laws; or whetker on the other hand, it is a wise policy to trust the Executive power in hands which have shown such facility and tenacity in usurpation, and whish are evidently to be strengthened by the judicial branch of the Government.— Harper's Weekly. A Paper in a Family, We aever saw a newspaper that was not worth great!y more than its cost in a family. It is.to a great exteut true of every collection gf written matter, book or newspaper; but uiore esceaial'y of the latter, for it covers a much greater variety of subjects, and is necessarily more con densed. It is a well-knowu fact that there is no royal road to learning. The brain, full of knowledge, whoso activity senda light over our daily pathway, has been acquired by hard and constantstudy. Every book and newspaper which the cpreful or careless reader picks up is fill ed with the reaults of laborious investi gation. Take the single issue of a daily or weekly paper, and see ia its editorials, its financial articles, its mere drudgery of daily faots. its quids and quiddities, its philosophy and fun, how much care and labor must have been bestowed to furnish it all with the regularity of one's meal. It makes no pretensions. It is furnished to every man for a fractioo c;f what his . ice cr any cne of the simple luxuries of his household costs him, and yet it is thoughts which are con stantly influencing his- actions, and form ing the opinions of his children to gov eru their after lives* Into the columns of the newspaper come the matured opin ions of the greatest thiukers and states men of the old world and the new, and at a cost, compared with the value of the , information acquired, utterly insignificant in amount. No man, no head of a fain« ily especially, who would properly qual ify his children to pass respectably, prof itably and with satisfaction to therasel7es ' through the world, should ever deny to them the advantages of a good weekly newspaper. A dealer ic horse-flesh, of Jewish persuasion, sold to a gentleman of little experience in such matters a steed as perfectly "without faults." Next day the buyer came back in great fury, be cause his groom found out that the al leged "faultless" horse wan blind in the right eye. "Why," replied the sly job» ber, "this is not the horse's fault, it is only his viis/orlune !" No TIME TO BE LOST. —"Where are you going so fast, Mr. Smith?" "Home, sir, home, don't detaic me; J iave just bought my wife a new bonnet, and I must doliver it before the fashion changes." drain hnds—drlcjt whiskey and spend all your tiue at 'Jie village tavern. This will drain you of all your lands in a sfiort time. —Tt is not just for two friends, more than for man and wife, to be out of pa tience at the same time THE IMPEACHMENT. The criminal folly of the frjjnds of the President who at the Democratic Conventions and in such papers as the Washington Constitutional Union openly threaten armed resistance if Congress should exercise its exprsss Constitutions' right of impeachment, has done more to make an impeachment proba le than all other causes together. If Congress cap not take an undeniably Constitutional step but a faction in opposition must in voke civil war, we ought all to know it And if it be necessary to impeach the President in order to prove that lact, by all means let him bo From 1860 to the present tima tha Democratic party has triedfto ca r ry evary election and to secure all its measures by a threat of eivil war. John Van Buren at the Cooper Instituto, in 1862, and James Brooks at New Haven, and Edmund Burke (Phoebus Apollo !) at Concord, in 1867, resort to the same menace. It should not be disregarded. Sjjph men should be taught, whenever they invite the issue, that tue people of the United States are not yet Mexicanized, and that they intend to settle all questions by peaceful methods until they are openly opposed, and will then forcibly overcome the opposition that peaceful methods may be resumed, If the evidence laid before the Judi ciary Committee shall show that the Pres ident has unquestionably attempted to subvert the Government, directly or in" directly, by usurpation or by corruption, or by inaction, he will bo impeached and tried, and if conyieted he will be remov ed from office. And whoever undertakes to resist b}' arms the processor the decis* ion will fare as other rebels have lately fared. It is one of those great and grnv« measures which only an extraordinary public emergency can justify. It is in deed strictly Constitutional, as the war power is Constitutional. If the Consti> tutional authority be offensively denied, the country may demand that the issue be raised. But no sensible man can be indifferent to tlm itnpu,t3nce of such ac tion, and will therefoie neither passion ately nor flippantly invoke it. This is undoubtedly the attitude of the conntry at this moment. Nothing will change it but the continuous folly of the President's party. II the) and hears wise, they will patiently await the action of the Committee. If the Committee re port tiiat aM)pi« grounds for impeach ment exist, and state theii nature so that the country can clearly comprehend ttacui, the President, if wisely advised, will abide by the Constitution and the methv o.s it prescribes- That, and that only, will be proof to the country that he sin cere]/ believes in the justice of his posi tion. That, and that only, will incline the country to judge dispassionately the evidence and the defense. Mad and reck less as his words and measures have been, fatally encouraging to the rebellious spir it, end destructive of the hopes of loyal and humane citizens, his acts are not of necessity to de- interpreted as conceived with an ijtent of overthrowing the Govs ernmcnt. An obstaclc*o the loyal and generous purpose of the country ae plain ly is ; but not an obstacle, obviously, to be removed by impeachment. But the moment he resists a simple Constitution al that, moment he judges him* self. If the Judiciary Comutttec shall be satisfied that the laws of Congress passed over the president's veto are made inop erative by hit inaction, and that in con» sequence of that inaction the condition of' loyal men in tbe late rebel State) is in tolerable, upon lyhat ground can any body . ask tlio country to wait two years before such wrongs are remedied ? If that shall be made plain the impeachment will bo carried and unanimously supported by the country. Kut if, as the President and the Secretary of State declare, the laws passed over tbe veto are faithfully executed, although, of course, not with , the hearty cooptfiation of approval, then the impeachment will not hold. This seems to us to be the substantial pQintjj and we can know tbe trulh not by the rhetoric (/'partisans, but by actual evi dence. For that, as we have already said, we mus,t wait." Nor can any of us tell jrliether the President ought to be impeached until the grcanUs of the ekar. ges are repealed in detail.— ljurper'i Weekly. —What is the difference between a summer dress ,ic winter and an abstracted ed tooth ? One is too thin, and the other tooth-oat. —A married moneter says he once had a most delightful dream, in which he im agined he had an angel by his side, and on waking up found it was only his wife. The Press vs. Public Sentiment. Some writer has truly remarked that ths press ii lue helm by which th 6 ship of public opinion is guided, and he might haye said with equal truth that without the press that ship would be carried hith er and thither until finallv wrecked upon the rocky reefs of ignomice and super stition. Indeed, we have sometimos thought that the very existence of our government depeuds upon the free aud universal discussion of the questions and principles upon which our republican in stitutions are based, and every one must admit that through no other means covjld tilts discussion be made so general and so thorough as through the agency of our daily and weekly journals. But howev er potent this power may have become, we must not lose sight of the lamentable fact that it is not what it should be, in many or what may reasonably be expected of it by the American people. The press needs purifying. Many of our journals are too much trammejed by par ty, which restricts them to certain limits, virtually saying, "thus lar and no far« tlier," and forcing the journalist to advo cate and defend principles ajjd actions which his better judgment would lead hitn condem*. In journalism, as in other professions, a inau must have some thing wherewith to meet little bills for coal and groceries, and dry goods, and knowing that his support from the public depends upon his agreeing with the p^b* lie, he is apt ratbgr to hush his conscience than to sacrifice the patronage which sup plies the wants of the little ones at And who can blame him ? Does not the blame rather rest with the community or the party which demands to be agreed with, and which will nut allow itself to be argued with or contradicted ? In how jnstances have editors been rc»d out of parties because they dared to ex pose corruption, and because they felt greater regard for the "still small voice'' within than for the clamor of popular opinion ? And how many professedly in dependent journals have been Jitefally starved out of existence or into the whirl* pool <>f party corruption and misrcpre» sentation t Is this not reversing the or< der of things? What part is the helm playing in this voyage ? and who will bear the reproach if the ship is stranded, and tho precious cargo goes to the bot tom? Then, again, too many of our papers are conducted by unprincipled men, — men who seek for nothing but to pkase the public, and who mould public senti me u t j 11st UH it happens to ask to be mould ed, never asking themselves whether they are right or wrong, and never waiting to consider whether the production will be hideous or beautiful. These are the men who succeed best, as success is generally estimated, but we fear thpy will be found wanting when weighed in the balance with the few honest men of the profes. sion who have really felt the responsibil ity they were to their God and their fellow men, but who have been ma:> tyrs to public sentiment. We Jargue, then, that the press needs purifying, and that this work is for the people. Whenever a consciencious, hon eit man can wield the pen according to his convictions of right, with the assur anco of a patient hearing, and without fear of losing the patronage which keeps grim starvation from his hearth-stona, whenever the smooth-tongued knave, who is on every side of every question, and who never comes out in favor of a meas ure or expresses an opinion till his pat rons ask him to, ii treated with the con tempt due him, then, and not till theu, will the press of the world assume thb place that Providence designed it to oc cupy, and then will the pen be indeed " mightier than the sword."— Sharon lUrnld. —" What do you know of the defend ant, Mr. Thompson ? Do you consider him a good musician ?" " On that point I wish to swear witji great card. Ido not wish to insii.uate that Mr. Vonslope is not a good musi cian. Sot ht all. But I could not help observing (persons will observe queer things at times) that after he commenced playing on the clarionet, a saw-filer, who lived next door, left home and has Dover since been heard of." —A minister met a parishioner who had come into possession of a handsome property by the death of hi» brother, and inquired how he was getting along.— "Oh I" said he,"l am having a dreadful, time; what with getting out letters of administration, and attending probate court, and settling claims, I sometimes al most wish he hadn't died." —Surrat arrived in Washington last week KINDNESS REWARDED. It is a dreadful th : ng to be old and poor, and have no home ; but there is a deeper depth of human calamity than this—it is to have in addition, an old age of wasting, wearing sickness, which is often superinduced by that constant depression of mind which attends the cojsciousness of ilone and friend less aud in want. One of the best means of avoid wg an old age of destitution and bodily suffering is to cultivate while young all the benevolent and generous feelings of our rMure, never by any pos sibi.ity allowing any opportunity pass of befriending a fellow-traveler, as we are passing on life's journsy, for sooner or later the reward will ccuie of a happy heart and oftentimes a comfortable pro vision for declining yeais. ID 1812, a wounded soldier was lying help'ess on the * plains of Chalraetta, a few mil.es below New Orleans. A youth passed that way, kneeled at his side, in. quired as to his wauts, eonreyed him to a shelter, and remained with him until he was able to leave for his home in (lie city. Nearly half a century later, the wounded soldier died, kut old Judah Touro never forgot the youth who help ed him on the battle-field, and left him fifty thousand dollars in money, beßidei some duties to perform which yielded Mr. Shepherd 8100,000 more. While living in New Orleans, about the year 1850, a poor young doctor, with a largo family and a small practice, often £ame into my office. He wa# always courteous, always kind, and always sad ; and who could be otherwise when anxie ty for to morrow's bread for wife and children is always pressing on the heart? But there c:i me a letter oue day, with the English post-maik, making inquirios for a certain young AmerioAn doctor who had greatly befriended an English gen tleman during a long and dangerous at tack of sickness in New Orleaus a nums ber of years before. The grateful gen tleman had (Jied, apd left our poor young doctor a large 6state. Ten years ago,.and less, there lived in the city of New York a clergyman whose name and momory are sacred to thous ands ot gratel ul, loving, revering hearts lie hastiot been dead long; he will nev er die out of the holy affections of the ppopLa beforo whom he came in and went out go many years. Among his people there was one man, and he was of large wsalth, who seamed to make it his special bufincs's, as it was his highest happiness, to soe that his revered pastor wanted nothing. It was not a fitful care, ft did not spring up in JUay, and die long before December came, but through ' weeks and months and loug years it was always the same j incewant, perenial, gushing up always like a never failing spring. The pastor died; his loving watcher," by no fault of his own, failed for almost millions, any resovery was ab solutely hopeless. The grief that press ed him most was the loss of ability to help the helpless. Men looked on and wontierod, and beg«n to question if Prov idence would let such a man come to want in his gray hairs. B«t there was an eye upon him. A man of very great wealth said : "He must not suffer who cared so well and so faithfully and long for my old minister. He is just the man I want to attend to my estates, and he shall have all he asks for us a compensa tion for aarvicee."— Unit's Journal of Health. CONVERSION OF SEVBN TIIIRTIE.— To facilitato the conversion of Seven- Thirty Bonds due in August 1807, the Secretary of the Treasury has decided to pay express charges until March 31st on Seven-Thirty Bonds transmitted to Wash ington for conversion and also the ex press charges on bonds sent in return.— Holders of Seven Thirty Bonds falling due in August, forwarding the same be fore March 31st, can feel certain of get ting a prompt return of the bonda. while, if conversion is delayed until nearer Au gust, the pressure for conversion will be so groat as to prevent a prompt re'urn of the bonds. —Witness, you said-that while walk ing with an open umbrella, you fell into this reservoir and were badly injured.— Did you break any bones, sir, at the time?" * " I did, sir." " What bones ?" " Whale-bones, sir." ■ ■ ■' i> —'' I say, milkman,^ougi7o youc sows to« much salt!" " Why, how do you know how much salt I give them ?" " I judge from the appearance of the milk you bring us latklely. Salt makes the cows dry, and then they drink too much water, and that makes their milk thin, you kuow." NUMBER 12. A Republican Southern State. If the present dominant party in Ten nessee should continue to retain sion of the State, the prospect seems to be (air for making it a more prosperous »nd flourishing commonwealth than any in the south Statistics show that while the negro population has decreased in most parts of the south during and sinco the war, it has increased in Tennessee, because there it is protected in all its rights. Negro emigration thither from Kentucky, North Carolina and tho cot ton States is providing an ample supply of cheap labor, whereby iudustrial ens terpriscs thrive, and the agricultural in terests aro recuperating from tho disas trous results of the civil war. Tennsssce has generally been found to bo liberal in politics, and her public men have given many proofs of their regard fot free principles. The loyal population has been strengthened by imigration from other States, and with the aid of the ne. gro votes will bo able to maintain pos session of power. The example set by the Republicans of Missouri has bcon emulated by those of Tennessee, and both States arc now fine fields for emigration and tho investment of capital in busi ness enterprises. The contrast presented by those two States with Kentucky is not much to the credit of tho laUer. The Republicans of Tennessee have been bold, open and resolute from tho timo when the State government was re organized. Those of Kentucky, on tho other hand, suffered themselves to lie mis lod and misrepresented by allyiug their forces with the thing misnamed a con servative Union party. '1 he efforts of the Johnsonites to over come the Republicans in Tennossoe, and give tho Stato to the Democrats and reb els, have been constant, and, backed by the power of tho national government, they would have succeeded had the Ten. nessee Jtspublieanij beoa less determin ed. It is of tho utmost consequence, in relieving the south of tho evils engeni dered by slavery,that we shoyli} strength en the hold of the Republicans upon Tennessee, which, right in the heart of tho Bouth, must largely influence tho surrounding country. It is not mertjj the political weight thus added to our cause that we set value upon. Tho Re publican party carries with it tendencies that hare made every State prosperous whore it holds sway. In t'oo short timi ths4 jt has held possession of Missouri it lias don 3 a vast amount of good. For these reasons w should be pleas ed to see a more general disposition to encourago emigration to Tontewoe. The resources of the State are equal to those of any of tho ncqr States thataro receiv ing such streams of emigration. The negroos will, of course, go there fast enough; but white emigrants from tho north are Deeded to strengthen the noble Republicans who have thus far held the State.— N. American. Thelrijo. Mr. R, I/,4nn, correspondent of th* Morning Star, in a Utter from Suez,thus speaks of the most Wonderfiil river in the world—the NH» : The greaj; natural curiosity~of Egypt, and that which not only distinguishes it from other countries, but is the cause of all its other peculiarities, js the wonder* ful Nile. Tha immense quantity of wav ter necessary to cause the continued rise of a river with a good strong current, from June to October, unt*i its channel > ordinarily from half to one and a half miles wide, is widened to from fire to fif ty miles in width, is astonishing, and al« most snfficient still to stiir ulate tha belief that some divine agency, rather than the rains of Abyssina, must be tha cause.— And this appears still more strange when it is remembered that not a single spriug or branch of any kind caters it within one thousand miles of its mouth. It is strange, indeed, that in so hot a climate and so vast an extent, the volume of wa* ter is not diminished by absorption and evaporation; and perhaps the facts that the waters secK to extend thiough the entire valley upon the same level wiijx th; Nile can alone explain this continued fullness.' Tho sands from the deserts, which bound this valley upon either side seem to be constantly crowding upon th* fertile soil, and tha deposits of the river, which have raised its bed and banks about fifteen feet within three thousand six hundred years, are crowding in upoo the deserts, and thus, as elsewhere in nature, antagonism maintains the equili brium. —A ltiss, says an ingenious authority, is like the cieation, because it is made of nothing, and is very good. —Never retire at nip-ht. withnnf 1 wisertimu alunjou .ioi>e iulheworbmf! ; ft