VOLUME 1.
The American Citizen,
TS published every Wednesday in the borongh of Butler,
BY THOMAS KOWMSOXA C. K. AXPMYON on Main street,
opposite to Jack's Hotel—oflic* uj> stairs in the brick
112 inamiy occupied by Kli Yettor, as a store
TJCPMH:—SI 50 a year, if paid in advance. or within the
first nix months; or' $1 if not paid until after the expira
tion of tbe first nix months.
KITE* or ADVIRTISIKO One square non., '
Is**,) throe Insertions *
dim; paper, *
Ood of 10 lines <>r l«i»- I >"•*;»»" * Iti. I,l l'' „ ((()
Ki column for six months linn
f-irone year lijuO
column for six montli*
f»i one y<nr. ... * .25 00
1 column f"i six months. SO 00
*1 column for one ) «-ui
I, IHH. (i. Will til 111*011,
g,..i of William Williamson, was born
in Allegheny county, Pa., and at the
breaking out of the Slave Holder's rebel
lion was 22 years old and resided in the
borough of ButlcK The news of the ta
king of Fort Sumter, by the liebels,
reached our peaceful village, and aroused
the people from their slumber. The pa
triotic heart was awakened and the people
nf all parties, sects and creeds, joined to
gether heart and hand, to revenge the in
sult and outrage which had thus been
•perpetrated against the Government of
the C. S.
The President issued his Proclamation
calling out 7 ~>.WO men : our citizens res
ponded by raising a full company, but be
fore this was done some of our brave young I
men, among whom was .Tas. G. William
son, went to Pittsburgh, where compa
nies were organizing, and volunteered to
vindicate, support and defend the govern
ment. Lieut. Williamson joined compa
ny I. 12th liegt., Pa. Vol., commanded
by Capt. G W. Tanner, and served his
time, honorably and faithfully and was I
honorably discharged on the sixth day of
August. 1 Mil. his term of enlistment hav
ing expired.
(In the 24th of the same month he again j
volunteered in Co. K, (Captain Henry
Reese, Jr..) 23d liegt. I'. V., and was
promoted to Orderly Sergeant, in which
capacity he served faithfully and efficient
ly, and in consequence thereof by spe
cial order of Maj. Gen. Sedgwick, dated
September 12th. 1863, he was discharg
ed from the service as Orderly Sergeant
and promoted to 2d Lieut, of Co. lv. 23d
liegt., said promotion to date from the
17th day of June, 1803. lie continued
in active service during the whole time,
from his first enlistment up Jo June Ist
inst., always discharging his duties as a
soldier; Jind on June Ist. at the memora
ble battle of Cole Harbor, near Richmond,
while gallantly and bravely leading his
men in a charge upon the enemy, lie was
mortally wounded in the groin, lie lived
about 23 hours after receiving his \yound.
The sad intelligence reached his homo,
friends and admirors by Telegraph, and on
Tuesday evening the 14tli inst., his re
mains reached Butlorand was taken to the
residoneo of his father, where a great
number of his friends and relatives had
congregated.
•J. I). M'Junkin,and Isaac Ash, Esqr's
acted as a committee of arrangements for
conducting the funeral. The following
gentlemen were selected as Pall Bearers,
and appeared in full uniform: ('apt. E.
L. Gillespie, Lt. Win. Lowry, Agt. Geo.
Turviaitee, ("apt. W. >l. Clarke, Maj. C.
I'l. Anderson, Lt. J. 15. Mechling, Sergt.
Kobt., M' Lain and 11. 0. Graham. Esq.
At, half-past ten o'clock, on the 15th
inst., the solemn sound ofthc Court House
Bell admonished the citizens of Butler
and vicinity, that the time had arrived
when they were called upon to pay their
last tribute of respect to the departed
bra re.
The remains of the departed hero were
conveyed to the U. I'. Church.and placed
in front of the pulpit. A large and res
pectable audience was in waiting at the
Church, and the Court which #as in ses
sion. adjourned and repaired to the church,
ltcv. .1. 11. Niblock, had been selected to
preach the funeral sennau. A number of
other Clerical gentlemau wore also pres
ent.
Tho services were introduced by sing
ing part, of the 90th Psalm, 3d & 7th.
verses inclusive, and reading the 00th
Psalm entire; Prayer by llev. Win. H.
Tibbels, after which the llev.J. IJ. .Nib
lock, delivered the funeral oration, which
we give below, and which he has kindly
furnished us it is replete withcliristian in
struction, and breathes the true
spirit ol patriotism and is a fitting tribute
to the departed hero.
Atter the conclusion of the discourse
the large audience joiued in singing the
11th, 1 —tli and 13tli verses of the 39th
Psalm, and were dismissed with the Pi
vine Benediction. The corpse was then
placed in the hearse, which was followed
to the Cemetery south of the borough, by
the largest funeral procession that we have
ever witnessed in this place. Tho pro
cession was formed in the following oidcr.
The celebrated Brass Band of Butler im
mediately in the rear of the hearse, with
muffled drums; Pall-Beavers next; par
entsand relatives next: followed by a large
AMERICAN CITIZEN.
number of both sexes; an«l at about bait
past twelve o'clock the body was consign
ed to the silent tomb, and all could not
help but say: that a brave hero had Ken
lost to the fpiintrv in "-Uoac defense lie
had given his life a willing sacrifice.
rrXERAI SERMON.
PSALM PO-T2—" 80 teach ns to number ahr ihy*, that
vc may apply our hearts unto wisdom."
" It is appointed unto man once to die,
and after Death the Judgment." The
life of man in this world is presented to
our view, as mortal and fleeting. A few
days, or at best, a few short years, com
prehends the history of the longest life.
Every day of our lives, we see Death lay
pig his icy finger on multitudes, of all
ages, classes, and conditions —here—there
—everywhere, changing their countenan
ces and sending them away
In view of this fact, so well established
by the world's observation and experience,
we have the sweet Psalmist of Israel, in
one of the most beautiful of his Poems,
putting up this prayer to his (Jod, expres
sive not only of his own desire, but like
wise beautifully expressive of what should
be the prayer and earnest desire of every
true christian, especially .who realizes prop
erly his duty respecting time and eternity,
"So tcacli us to number our Jays that
we may apply <sur hearts unto wisdom."
And the language here, my friends, I
would have you observe, would seem to
indicate, that the duty of individuals thus
to make a wise uso and improvement of
their time, as expressed in the prayer of
the Psalmist, although one, which every
consideration of wisdom and prudence, and
safety, would dictate, should be attended
to without delay, is a duty nevertheless,
which is widely and almost universally
neglected; and at this solemn hour and
place—when "we are assembled to perform
the sad offices and pay our last tribute of
respect to the memory of our departed
friend and brother, and to some of us here,
our fellow soldier, it may be well and fit
ting for us each one, to have our thoughts
turned for a few moments at least, to this
subject, so that wc may be led to adopt as
the language of our hearts, the prayer of
the l'saluiist, 11 Lord teach us to number
our days that our hearts may be applied
unto wisdom."
The fact will doubtless not bo contro
verted by any one, that this world in
which we live, is a state of trial or proba
tion. And the destiny of every individ
ual of human race, whether for weal
or for woe, is to be decided, the scrip
tures teach us, by the character of the
life and the actions of the individual in
this world. If the life that he spends here
has been one of usefulness, activity, and
devotedness in the cause of his Lord and
Master. If he has lived to some good
purpose in the world—in promoting and
showing forth the glory of his (rod —in
relieving the temporal and spiritual wants'
of his fellow men—in obeying the com
mandments and imitating the conduct of
the Blessed Master in doing good,—liv
ing thus a life of devotedness to the ser
vice of his God, and trust in his Saviour
—that Saviour who, lie is assured, loved
him with an everlasting love—who has
purchased for hiuta romplctc Redemption,
and that too, at no less a cost and price
than his own precious blood, as a lamb
without blemish antl without spot; that
Saviour who has promised and who he is
assured is able to keep that which lie has
committed unto him against that day, is
not this,l ask you my friends, the truly
happy individual. Is it not the part of
such an one, whether it regards the pres
ent or the future, to be glad and rejoice
in the Lord, yea, to be joyful in the
God of his salvation ? And may not we,
my brethren, in such a case as this, if
such be our experience, well obey the in
junction of tho Apostle, " To rejoice and
bo'exceeding glad, knowing that great is
our reward laid up in Heaven." Chris
tian faith, aud triumph, and joy. are inti
mately blended and associated. For " all
things are yours," says the Apostle, ad
dressing the christian brethren, " wheth
er l'aul, or Apollos. or Cephas, or the
world, or life, or death, or things present,
or things to come, till arc yours and ye are
Christ's, and Christ is God's, and when
Christ, who is our life shall appear, then
shall we also appear with hiui ill glory."
But, although such a course as that to
which 1 have referred, would seem to be
one proper and reasonable to be observed
and followed by every individual, taking
into view the fact, that not only is this
the true course to be pursued, but like
wise that every other course besides, is
delusive and false, and in the cud must
prove disastrous, llow strange is it my
friends, yes how passing strange it is,
how men live as they do live in this
world ; men too, professedly christian—
forgetting for the time being, their high
vocation to which they arc called in the
leave the paramount professions aud
duties of the present, to be enamored of
other pursuits—pursuing for example, the
unhallowed rounds of pleasuie—frequent
ing the haunts of vice—treading the halls
of giddy fashion —or wasting life and en
ergy in greedy liuut for gold—allowing
the soul and its interests, and eternity
with its high destiny, to be buried 'neath
the rubbish of worldly cares aud busiucss.
which mar the christian life so sadly and
so chase out Christ and religion from oc
cupying the chief seat in the heart and
affections as they should.
1 n this busy world in which we live, itis ex
pectcdof men to be busy,and it is right they
should be busily employed, but, while the
cares and busiuess of the world do neces
sarily engross a share of the time and at
tention of every individual, there are at
"Let us have Faith that Bight makes Might; and in that Faith let us, to the end,dare to do our duty as we understand it"--- A - IiIXCOTN
BUTLER, BUTLER COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 22, 1864.
the same time, my friends, duties far high
er and nobler and more Importawfc, lnau
the gaining « mere living or competenoo,
or wealth. These are all right and prop
er in themselves, but what arc they all,
1 ask, when viewed in the light of eter
nity—a few fleeting years in this world,
spent in the enjoyments of its riches and
honors, its toys, vanities and pleasures,
and an eternity of existence with God in
the blissful and sanctified enjoyments of
llcavcn. There is no comparison here
to be instituted. Says the blessed Saviour
himself, " What shall a man profit though
ho should gain the whole world and lose
his own soul, or what shall a man give in
exchange for his soul."
It is the part then, of true wisdom,
dear friends, to spend our time and ener
gies in the service of our God, in all that
wc do, glorifying his name here, that we
may be fitted and prepared for the enjoy
ment of himself in heaven forever.
But in this respect, we may see likewise,
how trifliugly audwickc lly the men of the
world do act. Why they manifest less of wis
dom and discretion, and forethought, than
even the lowest orders of creation, for
while bird and brute, and insect, make
wise provision for the future and lay up
store against the time of need and trouble,
man, reasonable man, but O ! how unrea
sonable lie acts ; lives for the present re
gardless of the great, the eternal future
that lies beyond. Men frequently live in
this world, as if there were no (Jod above
them to whom they were accountable—to
whom rcrviee and honor is due, and the
promotion of whose glory should be their
highest end and aim in life. Live as if
there were no duties important enough to
make a life in this world worth living for;
no high and holy interests and destinies,
stopping not within the narrow bounda
ries of the present, but reaching out to the
widest limits of eternity. Rut instead of
thus improving time and opportunities to
the glory and service of their God, they
act rather like playing children, chasing
winged Ruttcrflies, quaffing desire from
earthly fountains of business or pleasure*
plucking bright flowers along lifes way
side—pursuing empty bubbles which burst
ere they roach them, and trifling vanities
and toys, which perish in their hand,
while lyingand iniquity are intheirhearts,
and Christ, and religion, and eternity, arc
not in all their thoughts.
The feelings of false security which
the devil sometimes sends to men. to lull
them to spiritual death and slumber, to
retain them within his grasp, to keep tliem
away from (iod and Christ, and from heed
ing the strivings and monitions of the good
Spirit in their hearts, and thus making
them as hcll-dcscrving as himself, are the
means and influences most abundantly ef
fectual in hurrying multitudes away in
to the darkness of remediless perdition.
The voice of God, in his word and by
numberless Providences, speak to men
loudly and warningly, addressing them,
•• Turn ye, turn ye, for why will ye die,"
calling upon them to awake from their
spiritual sloth and slumber—to shake oft
tlie garments of their wickedness anil infi
delity, and arouse them to a true conscious
ness of dangers to be feared and of duties to
be performed—of a Heaven, with all its
amount of bliss and happiness to be gain
ed, as likewise of a Hell, with all its ac
cumulation of darkness and horrors to be
shuuncd.
llow strange it is, my friends, tliat men
should be led to think of everything else
almost in this world, hut that, which above
all others, should be their highest, their
chiefest, their deepest concern. The one
thing that is needful. The pearl of great
price—the soul's salvation.
Though with the Apostle, we should
possess all knowledge; though we should
have all faith, so that we could remove
mountains; though we should possess all
the pleasures, the riches and the honors
that this world can bestow, and yet, with
all these, are destitute of this, we are of
all men most miserable.
To nunrbcr ottr days then, so that
they may be spent profitably in the ser
vice of our (!od, so that our hearts may
be applied unto wisdom—so that we may
be benefitted and blessed, presently and
eternally, O this, my friends, is the dic
tate of reason and judgment, and yet,
simple as this knowledge may seem to us,
it is that something, nevertheless, which
will never be comprehended properly by
mans understanding alone, until God shine
in upon that heart, with the light of his
holy spirit, opening the eyes of the dark
ened understanding and discovering to the
soul a sense of its nakedness, its needs, its
ignorance—making us all so to compute
the days, hours, and moments of this fleet
ing life, that truo wisdom will character
ize them all. making every moment and
every opportunity, to be properly treasur
ed and improved.
By all God's Providences towards us,
dear friends, and around us in the world;
by this solemn Providence that we are
called this day to contemplate, let as take
home to our hearts the solemn lesson we
are taught; the lesson of our own frailty and
mortality. Lieut.Williamson, a young man
well and favorably known toa large portion
of my audience, who, but a few short weeks
ago. went out from our midst in the bloom
of health and full vigor of life and man
hood, to join his comrades in arms; whose
prospects for life and usefulness in the
future, seemed as bright and as fluttering
to human view, as any whom I now ad
dress —who. from all we can learn, had se
cured a high place in the respect and con
fidence of his superior officers and sold
ier companions. A soldier who has borne
himself bravely and gallantly on many a
hard fought and blood stained battle-field,
during the war of rebellion, after having
come safely through nearly three years of
campaign and blood-shed, and more than
twenty battles, has at length fallen glori
otisly in the fight— -fallen where every true
soldier loves to fill: in the face of the cn-
emy. I can conceive, my friends, of no
noble, saeri&oc than this; of no more
honorable death than this'; to die nobly
in defense of country.
The poet has sang, " Dulce est pro pa
tria mori." "It is sweet to die for ones
country," and the long array of patriotic,
noble-hearted young men. who, during
the progress of this unholy Southern re
bellion, have offered their lives willing sac
rifices upon the altar of their country —
who have gone out to defend and uphold
the honor of the old flag, and sustain the
Government, testify to us in the strong
est manner possible, that the love of
country still exists among us —that this is
a principle living still and glowing in
American hearts. Testify to us, that wc
yet have a government, one worthy of liv
ing under—a govern 111 cyfc worth lighting
for—a government worth dying for—a
government that is able, and will yet vin
dicate itself successfully against the reb
el horde who have raised their impious
hands to pull down the fair fabric of our
civil liberty and good government. Against
the traitors who have attempted to murder
the mother who has fostered and protect
ed them from the beginning. Another
victim has fallen in the bloody strife—
another name has been added to the al
ready swelled list of martyrs in the holy
cause of liberty and freedom.
I know not, my friends, what were this
young mans religious experiences, or if
lie had any. I trust that while he was a
soldier of his country, that ho died like
wise a soldier of (he cross, with an inter
est in .lesus Christ, and a good hope thro'
grace. But this much I would say to his
sorrowing parents and friends for their
comfort, that while this is indeed a sad be
reavement, a deep, and in some respects,
an irreparable loss, yet, it is an honor
conferred upon you, in having contributed
a son and brother to your country—an
honor more noble and lasting, than a mon
ument of brass or marble. Your country
demanded the sacrifice, and nobly was it
given. Lot this be your comfort; bis life
was given in the best and holiest of causes
—that of Liberty, Union, Government. —
Peace to his ashes, and peace to the ashes
of all the noble heroes, who have sacrifi
ced their lives in the cause of our glori
ous Union, and whose names are enshrin
ed in grateful hearts anil memories.
" slept their lust sleep,
They haw fought their lu*t buttle ;
No wound enn nwukf them
To glory again."
Let us all, my friends, whetheras chris
tians or as patriots, be led to consider what
our duty is, and knowing our duty, let us,
in the fear of God, endeavor to discharge
the same faithfully.
By the voice that speaks to us from the
coffin and the grave of ourdeparted hero,
" lie ye also ready, for in such an hour
as ye think not the son of man cometh."
By the uncertainty of life and the cer
tainty of death—by all thcsolemn admrn
itions of Gods Providence, addressed to
us, in this manner from day today and
from time to time—by the Saviour's cross
and passion—by all that he endured and
suffered —O, be constrained to consecrate
your time, your energies, your all, to the
service of j our God. Endeavor "so to
number your days that your hearts may
be applied unto Wisdom."
By all the death-bed scenes you may
witness, all the open graves, the coffins,
the hearses, the funerals—all the eviden
ces and instances of mortality that may
be brought to your notice, O, my hearer;
take note of time. It is hurrying on with
rapid wing—bearing you and me nearer
and nearer each day, to the Judgment
seat of Christ. So live that you may be
prepared for meeting the grim messenger,
death, whenever he comes, or under
whatever circumstances, prepared forgo
ing away and being with Jesus, which is
far better than to live hero—fitted not on
ly for death, but for Judgment, for Etern
ity. for giving in your final account with
joy and not with grief—receiving from
your Saviour and Lard, the welcome plau
dit, 11 Well done good and faithful serv
ant," and then entering upon the enjoy
ment of the heavenly inheritance Christ
has laid up in reserve for his faithful. So
live that when lifes fitful fever is over,you
may sleep well. You may, like the true
christian, sink calmly and peacefully to
rest, Eternal Ihxt, in the.bosom of your
God.
NEW YORK, June 15.—The Wor/<Fs
correspondent relates from persona' ob
servation a most horrible outrage perpe
trated by the French troops on the march
in several places captured by them. By
order of General Bon ia the town of Tula
was burned, its male inhabitants butcher
ed, all the women and girls raped in open
day and tho place given up to the beastly
soldiers for three days. The same outra
ges are reported at Guadalajara.
Tabasco, after forty-eight days' siege,
had been taken by the Liberals with the
French garrison and all the artillery.—
General Bazaine had ordered his army
from the City of Mexico to retake Ta
basco.
When General Grant set out on
the campaign in Virginia, he was accom
panied by an immense artillery force; so
great, indeed, as to be a subject of sur
prise among military men. A large por
tion of this force consisted of reserve ar
tillery. ll£ has recently effected an or
ganization in this branch of the service,
and. with a view to increase its mobility,
has reduced the number of pieces to tour
instead of six in each battery. The num
ber of caseions has been increased, ami
the large reserve artillery has becu consol
idated with the regular batteries. By
these means ho is enabled to carry a lar
ger supply of ammunition, and otherwise
render his pieces more effective in action.
Gen. Richard Ogelsby has been
nominated as the Union candidate for Gov
ernor of Illinois. •
TOUCH THEM TENDERLY.
O touch them tenderly: they f*»ll
In the harsh storm of snot ami shell,
When, like a vast Plutonian bell,
Hang: the rescinding air
Io artilleroan thunderstrokes,
Fhivering a chained nation's yokes,
The steepling pines and spreading oaks
Fell With the soldiers there.
Tomb tonderly those sons of Mars:
Wrap Pedgwiek in tneflag.of stars;
Bponge the brave blood from Wadsworth's scars,
Through whiA his spirit fled
From honor here to glory where
Th« banner blue in fields of air
Is bright with stain forever fair,
Without the stripes of rod.
Touch tenderly the li"ing braves;
Rre.«fed be the gentle hand that saves
A hero! while our banner waves
The loyal heart will beat
With quicker pulses where they tread.
Bind %>ftty the poor wound* that bled
Where the wild-flowers their odors shed,
Making the free air sweet.
Touch tenderly the gallant men
W ho smile at their red wounds, and then
Ask to be ordered back again,
To join the fight nnew;
Togo where QUANT and HANCOCK lead;
To follow BI'TLEFT, BURNMIDK, MEADS;
To watch and march and chargtkiind bleed
Where waves the starry blue.
Touch tenderly the man whose life
Is dear to mother, sweet-heart, wile.
Whose blood was poured out in the strife
Of liberty with crime;
For braver than the Spartan hand
Are the defenders of the land,
Who like a living bulwark stand,
Each crowned with deeds sublime.
WXT ANT) WISDOM.
HE who will stop every man's mouth
has a great deal of meal.
I'.VT O'SHANCIIINAHSV didn't enlist;
did not wish to" lave his ould mother an
orphan."
ON a child being told that he must be
broken of a bad habit, lie actually replied :
" Papa, hadn't I better be mauled?"
" JOIIN, goto tlie pump and bring me
a can of water —I am as dry as a fish."
" So is the pump, father."
IF an elephant can travel eight miles
an hour, and carry his trunk, how fast
could he go if he had a little page to
carry it for him ?"
MRS. BLOBBS is quite convinced there
is something in spirit rapping,for she cati
take her "scleinn oath" she saw her sauce
pan rim over the other day 1
THE city hotels charge three dollars
and a half a day for regular board—three
dollars for smelling of the kitchen, and
fifty cents for kissing the cook.
A DISGUSTED client having read that
there were eighteen hundred lawyers in
New York City, said he could name a
place where there were ten times as many.
MANY a person has two distinct telves,
one that promised and lied, and one that
believed the other. After awhile they
both lie to each other, and neither believes.
You have only yourself to please,"
said a married friend to an old bachelor.
"True," repled he, "hut you cannot
tell what a difficult task I find it.
A Kltfs on the foreliead denotes respect
and admiration; on the cheek, friendship;
on the lips, love. The young men of our
acrjaiutancc have not much " respect"
for young ladies.
ONE of the frozen roosters found hang
ing by its claws to the limb of a tree, at
New Albany, lud., had his last crow
sticking eleven inches out of his mouth,
and froze stiff.
THE ladies of East Tennessee arc rep
resented as unquestionably loyal. They
improve every opportunity to " kiss the
dear old flag," and now and then kiss its
good-looking defenders.
A LITTLE boy on coming home from a
certain church where he had seen a per
son perform 011 an organ, said to hismoth
er, —
" Oh, mammy! T wish you had been to
church to-day to see the fun ! a man pump
ing music out of an old cupboard !"
" BRIDGET ! why don't you bring the
iced lemonade ?" said Mrs. S., on the 4th
of July, from the top of the kitchen
stairs. " Why, manii," said Bridget, wi
ping the sweat from her red face with her
checked apron; "why, inarm, you see
the ice that I put into the lemonade is so
hard, that it is not melted yet, though its
stirring it over the fire I've been for the
last fifteen minutes or more."
AT some religious ceremony at which
tli£ late Archbishop of Dublin was to of
ficiate in the country, a young curate,
who attended him, grew very nervous as
to their being late. "My good young
friend," said the Archbishop, " I can only
say to you what the criminal said to those
around, who were hurrying him, " Let us
take our time; they cau't begin without
us."
OLD Mara (J was never regarded
as a paragon of neatness; and if " clean
liness is nest unto godliness," as St. Paul
asserts, it is to be feared that the old lady
never attained to the latter state. Not
only was she anything but neat herself,
but she showed a sovereign contempt of it
in others. Speaking of neat people, one
day, she remarked that her sou Joshua
was one of the most particular men in
the world.
" Why," said she, " lie threw away a
whole cup of coffee the other morning
because it had a bed-bug in it!"
(I 1 durational J cpavtmcnt.
Parental Visitation
Education docs not begin in the school
room, but at the home fireside. The
mothers and fathers of our land, be their
characters what they may, arc those by
whom the first principles of an education
must bo inculcated. In the parent we
find one of the most responsible positions
as an ethical being. Parents must in a
great measure answer for the moral and
mental training of their own children.—
Nor is it sufficient that they be trained
mentally and morally; they must bo
strengthened and developed in their phys
ical functions also. Mental, moral, and
physical training combined, is requisite
in order that children may attain that de
gree of perfection which evidently was
the design of the Almighty in their crea
tion.
Teachers need and desire the co-opera
tion of the parents. "Wore the teacher an
infalliablo being, it might be that the in
fluence and co-operation of parents could
be wholly dispensed with; but, such not
being the case, a full and hearty co-opera
tion of teacher and parent must exist, that
we may arrive more directly and more
easily at the designed end of education.
Did parents interest themselves to the ex
tent they should in school affairs, our
schools would stand on a much firmer base,
and more might with propriety be expec
ted from our school teachers.
What a noble cause is inviting, yea,
even begging your espousal! A cause
not to be hemmed in either by state lines
or national boundaries; not so unstable as
the political factions, which arecvcrbeing
born and nurtured in tho lay of fanatcism;
not so transient as tho meteor that flashes
across tho heavenly arch, and leaves the
world only in greater darkness as it again
sinks into nothingness; but a cause whose
breadth is only limited by the bounds of
the universe; its height, only by the ex
alted position of our own aud other en
lightened countries, and by the flights
through which it has borne the human
mind; its depth, only by a state far be
yond the bounds of hopeless insanity and
idoey itself; a cause firmer than tho ev
erlasting hills aud mountains by which we
are surrounded, and lasting as eternity.
Is it a light, trivial, and unimportant
work ? Is the training of tho human
mind, that master-pieco of all God's cre
ation, that most Ileavcn-liko attribute of
humanity, to be despised as a work un
worthy the attention of mankind? Let
the world answer. Happily the work is
not so regarded.
Parents should manifest n livelier inter
est in the education of their children.
As a general thing parents are too negli
gent of the educational interest of their
children. Their interest should manifest
itself not only in the amount of knowl
edge inculcated hut also in the kind, as,
also in the health and comfort of their
children while at school. How few pa
rents comparatively over think of enter
ing the school room for the purpose of
seeing what is really taught and in what
manner it is taught! It is very seldom,
indeed, that the parent is overseen in the
school room, and then in many oases it is
for the mere purpose of lodging complaint
or seeking to quarrel with the teacher.
In no way can parents better promote the
welfare of their children at less expense
than by visiting the school while in lull
operation, I'igiiU, knowing that their pa
rents will be spectators, ina|c greater ef
forts to learn; and having occasionally
the presence of their fathers and mothers
in the school room, tliey naturally arrive
at the conclusion that to be educated is
really of some account, and therefore
strive more earnestly to do well. The
teacher also is encouraged in his work by
knowing that parents arc really interested
in what he is doing for their children.
Much of the unnatural prejudice existing
against teachers would be removed, if pa
rents did but attempt to see and judge the
teacher on the strength of his own mer
its and from his own actions, instead of
listening to, and encouraging the idle
tales of disrespectful afti disobedient
children.
Few parents know the real inconvenience
and want of comfort to which thd!r chil
dren are subjected in many school houses.
Uy visiting the school they learn these,
and if they have any affection for their
children they will no longer tolerate the
existence of these wahts. The children
in our public schools have been riding
rails and slabs in the school room quite
long enough. The comfort and health of
the pupils must be consulted to a greater
extent. The stereotype argument urged
by many parents, that inasmuch as they
" got their learning" in these houses, and
inasmuch as they were good enough for
them, they are also, therefore, good enough
for their children, is now worn out. Be
cause they were compelled to freeze their
toes in some far corner <Ji theuld log school
NUMBER 27
house, thpy would now have their chil
dren undergo the same torture. But the
real reason isboliind this. Thisargument
has ever been used merely as a cloak to
conceal their own pcnuriousncsg and love
of gain.
Parents should visit the school, that they
may see that full justice is done the teach
er as well as the children, and that he en
deavors strictly to discharge his duty. To
rely on the idle reports which children
are apt to carry home, is worse than folly.
Teaching is iro more free, from rogues, than
perhaps most other callings, and there are
many no doubt who offer themselves to
the patrons of a district, who arc not con
scientious in the dischargo of duty.
Such as these need the attention of pa
rents, that they adhere strictly to what is
right.
It is only by visitation that parents will
be enabled to understand the modus opcr
anbi of the school, and be able to deter
mine what is right and what is wrong in
the toucher's methods, and thus do lull
justice to pupils, teacher, and all others
connected with the system.— Bradford
vlrgus.
How Gon. Oglosbyßocame an Anti-
Slavory Man.
[ From a speech, made at Chicago, by
Gen. Oglesby, Union caudidato for Gov
ernor of Illinois.]
May I indulge myself for a moment,to
give you a few of the reasons why I be
came an anti-slavery man ? (Yes, yes.)
1 know that what affects the character of
any one man in this country, is of but lit
tle consequence; still it was a big thing
with 1110, and controlled all the future
thoughts of lny lifo—mado me honest on
the questions, made me purely honest.—
My father was a slaveholder; he had a
wife and eight children, and—only one
negro (laughter,) and identified himself
with the institution of slavery. He was
a Virginian born, living in Kentucky, a
cooper by trade. A negro fell to his lot,
somehow, with other tliiugs from his fath
er's estate, lie took that negro, learned
him the carpenter's trade, ho lived in the
family, while all the children were being
born, lie nursed ns, took us, led us along
by the hand, and father, (sol am told, and
I believe it is true) never gave him a lash
or lick or an unkind word. [Applause.]
lie was one of tlio noblest black men I
have ever seen. After a while in the
course of events, my parents died and left
us pour—very poor. 1 was eight years
old. 1 saw that negro put upon the stand
and sold off at auction. That did not con
cern me very much, I scarcely knew what
it mciwit. I saw those who were my friends
—whom I loved dearly, and still love. I
saw them about it, and supposed as a boy
that it was all right. That negro came
often to sec us, as he was taken awny only
about eight or ten miles; he was then 4U
years of ago. Shortly afterwards a son of
the purchaser, in the wrath and fire of the
moment, exposed his old bare back, and
gave him one hundred deliberate lashes.
The news came to us children through my
married sister, that sad story of how old
uncle Tim had been treated. Something
settled hold of me then young as I was,
and 1 made a resolve for a boy, of quite a
f«:'ious character,tnatif ever in the Prov
idence of God I grew up to be worth any
thing, enough to buy him back to free
dom, I wonkl do it. His master, I pre
sume. was as kind as they generally aro.
It is not the owner of a slave I am abus
ing, but the institution lam striking at
something higher than a man —the sys
tem. Time passed on, and I remained
poor. Finally, California became theragc,
and I went there. I got together money'
enough to come back home and goto Ken
tucky; I kept my promise; Iboughthim
and set him free, and I then swore eter
nal vengeance on the institution of sla
very. [Tremendous cheering.] The in
stitution of slavery never favored me. I
love the people, for they were my dear
friends, and owned slaves; most of my re
lations were nearly all Kentuckians, and
nearly all slaveholders. I saw I had noth
ing to gain by it. There were no free
schools—no such thing as learning to read
and write. I lost my attachment for tho
institution. I never saw the day when I
wanted to own a slave—when I dGsircd to
have tho control of one. My purposes
were fixed upon. I came to this free
State whore there was no such thing.
WASHINGTON, June 1 0.—It is supposed
that (Jen. Grunt's whole army has effected
a crossing of the James river before last
evening, as tho work had begun in the
morning without molestation from the en
emy, who appeared to lie intrenching be
low Malvern Hill and White Oak Swamp.
(Jen. Smith had attacked Petersburg
and carried the first line of fortifications.
The 13th Army Corps, Gen. McCler
nand, has been discontinued, and Gen.
Cauby authorized to assign the troops com
posing it.
CINCINNATI, June 14.—The Time*'
correspondent at Flemingsburg, Ky., wri
ting on tho 12th, says the remnant of
Morgan's command, numbering seven hun
dred men, passed through there this morn
ing, of the 12th. cu route, possibly, for
Pound Gap. They admit a loss of near
ly one thousand atCynthiana. A feder
al foree of 1,600 in pursuit arrived at
Flemingsburg about six hours after Mor
gan loft.
Vallandigham is still at Dayton and all
is reported quietjthere.
10-If a man has nothing to say, he is.
sure to spend much time and many word*-
in saying it. >