VOLUME L
The American Citizen,
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For the Citizen.
The Massacre at F.rt Pillow.
The glorious old star spangle.} banner
floated proudly to the breeze of heaven
over the black ramparts of Fort Pillow ;
the golden sun at morning, shone down
upon the green earth, through the amber
tinted clouds that were sailing like flocks
of gorgeous wool across the orient vault
of heaven ; the wild birds of the south
ern woodlands were singing their rnatin
lays, were \llaking melody in the boughs
of the holly and the cedar, pouring forth
their souls in song, ufion the balmy air of
morning, in wild orisons that floated up
ward like gossamer upon the gentle air of
heaven. All nature seemed revived by
the hours of peaceful rest; all might have
been as paradise, had not man awoke from
slumber soft and sweet to conflict fierce and
wild.
That prou I flag floated oyer the Mlwarks
of an ill-fated little band of heroes; that
golden sun looked down, to view a scene
at which she might have veiled her face
in sadness; a scene of horror unsurpassed
in all the annals of that crime, at which
our very soul revolts the crime ol murder ;
fiendish dark apalling murder, whose vic
tims never rest within their graces, but
stalk forth at the midnight hour, to haunt
the soul of the guilty perpetrator; the
wild birds gleeful song was hushed by the
roar of cannon, an I the rattle of musket
try. for man was now playing at the grand
game of glory ; the god of war now rode j
upon the sulphury siroc and emptied the
vials of wrath from his iron car upon the
contending hosts, now marshalled for the
bloody conflict; and death, that grim king
of terror.-, rode upon the iron had that was
hclghc li >. li from the heated throats of j
tin- blackened ordnance; the red glare of,
the ro. -ki't.asit bur<t upon the dense cloud !
of battle, made livid that dark, wild scene j
of carnage, and, '• while smoke and sul- t
phu. filled ilie air, and made it ghastly
eve -y where." n truce token was soon to
w ,0 ' k>- .1 spirit of light thr null the j
i.in 1 v that there engulfed them
cd for the moment nI • r j
vest of :lig brave. w. c '
Ii . II >g. that none In' the
!. ■ lie cd villains could ii! h nor;
0 !. fl.. : left Pillow's walls, the 1
t..i • « i'.oi c infracted around that little ;
ban !, ! kc the coils of the deadly anacon- !
da. an Ia- so .11 11s their demands were re- j
je.' c l .'how vaulted over the breastworks ,
and bore down that little band, like an av- J
alani he hears down the stunted fir. We
fain would close our memories here and !
say, the rebel horde in victory won the
day. Our heart sickens at the thought of j
the hell prompted slaughter that followed
after the victory, like the withering frost
that follows in the train of a deluging
vernal rain ; the wounded with uplifted
-bleeding hands, called out in vain for mer
cy ; their piteous cries were ouly answer
ed by the cruel saber stroke, theeo.dbay
onet pierced them to the gory ground
•whereon thoy lay ; the whizzing ballbro't
down the fugitive in his vain attempts to
fly the wrath of those demoniacal men ;
our brave soldiers begging for quarters,
were shot down like dogs, and east into
the lire, or into the turbid waters of the
Mississippi, aud, some agonizing from
their wounds, were cast into the pit amongst
the silent dead. O, cruel! wonton mur
der. murder! Where shall we turn to find
its equal? The red skinned savage of the
nothern wilds, moved by pity, unbound
and net his victim free ; the wild beast of
the forest, lias been known to spear itS
vanquished foe, but treasons cause has
hatched a brood, unknown to pity and of
compassion void, fiends are they in human
shape, emiaaries of the evil one, going
about seeking whom they may devour;
mercy which is not contraband of war.
is a white winged angel, floating on the
pitchy cloud of battle, willing to be woo
ed and won, ulike by friend and foe, mer
cy is on atribute of deity, one of the
bright celestial virtues that saves our world
'front siuking down beneath the wrath of
of God. Our great redeemer once said.
" blessed are the merciful for they shall
obtain mercy." God is on the side of the
merciful, and since he is, how can an army
hope to prosper which is dumb to the cries
of pity? Fear not oye of little faith !
That God whieh brought our fathers out
of the land of Egypt aud out of the house
of bondage, still lives, still reigus tli<>
kiug ftf kings, is still the God of bullies,
is still mighty to save to the uttermost, all
AMERICAN CITIZEN.
those who put their trust in him; he eaus
e I the earth to open wide her mouth and
.vuilow up the Yebcl clans of Korah,
lutban and Abiram ; and, if lie so pun
>hei rebels under the old dispensation,
:h iik y u that he will smile on those un
ier the new. Gotl is a God of peace and
not a God of confusi.n, then how think
you, that he could look approvingly upon
the traitorous band now stretching forth
the'ir hands to smite down a government
ordained of him? Be assured a just ret
ribution will be uieeted out to those inliu
man butchers, who were engaged in that
fiendish massacre, which took place at
the down fall of Fort Pillow; the blood
of the murdered victims cries aloud from
the ground for vengeance, the wailing
children made orphans, cry aloud for ven
geance, and the familiar spirits, from
hearthstones made desolate, cry aloud for
vengeance; " vengeance is mine and I will
repay saith the Lord '; he visited upon
Pharaoh in the waters of the lied sea; up
on the Philistines by the hand of .Samson
and David, and upon the persecutors of
the early christians by the hand of the
persecuted. Truly, God moves in a mys
terious way, his wonders to perform.
L. W.
Unpardonable Sin.
Doctors of theology teach that some sins
are unpardonable either in this world or
the next, and though they may differ as
to the particular sin, they arc, doubtless,
right in the main assumption, for reasou
and natural instinct are in perfect accord
with their revealed doctrine. There are
sius, crimes, wrongs, atrocities, whatever
the term employed to designate them,that
cannot be forgiven—that can no more be
repented of than disease can be transmut
ed into health, or old age into vigorous
youth, or day into night, or indeed the
dead mouldering in their graves can be
restored to life again. It is a frightful
thing to contemplate, an individual who
commits this sin. who is without con
science, who has 110 remorse, i chose soul is
drail; but what an apalling spectacle to
contemplate, a vast multitude of these
dead and damned spirits who. with eyes
wide open and intellect unclouded, are, at
tiii- moment, impelling countless hordes
of brothers to •• battle, murder and sud
den dentilAn impious and disgusting
lunacy his been gradually growing up in
the northern States and now threatens to
destroy the civilization as well as pros
perity of a mighty people. It fancies
that tiod has made a mistake, and it sets
itself up to "reform' His vork. lie has
made negroes men, of course, just as crows
aro birds us well as eagles, and catfish as
well as shad or salmon, or as bull dogs are
dogs a* well as hounds.
tlav ng made the negro a different and
MibiM'dinatu man. nl cour e the Creator
has dc-igned him for it corresponding con
dition as ;n the South, where four millions
of them, three years ago, we e the health
est. happiest an ; best situated, in every
ect, of any similar number of human
beings that have ever existed on the face
of the earth. Of course that condition
v; uld n..t be best, or al>all possible for
white people. 'J lie whole world, and all
human power combiuated together, could
not keep white people in such a condition
twenty-lour h<*urs. Indeed, if such a
thing can be imagined as lour millions of
white people iti the status of the so-called
slaves of the South, they would not prop
agate, and, like the slaves of Home, would,
of course, die out in time. But to the
negro it is the normal condition, the con
dition adapted to his wants and the na
ture God gave him, and, we repeat, three
years ago these negroes were the happi
est, healthiest, and, in every respect, in
the best condition of any four millions of
human creatures that ever existed on
God's earth. But a huge, a horrible
madness has gotten possession of a large
portion of the notheru people, and, form
ing a great political party, they got pos
session of eighteen States, and, according
to outward forms, elected Mr. Lincoln,
and usurped the common government of
the States to force the people of the South
,to "abolish" the natural order and equal
ize with these negroes in their midst! —
What a monstrous crime to set aside the
natural order and force eight millions of
white people and four millions of negroes
into a common condition ! What a huge
and apalling impiety to thus attempt to set
aside the work of the Almighty, and
make equal what lie has made unequal!
But they arc maduieu, lunatics, the
most horrible and disgusting lunatics, the
world over saw. aud when Abraham Liu
coln issued his proclamation that the de
crees of omnipotence should be thrust
aside, and four millions of subordinate ne
groes made equal with eight millions of
white people, millions of impious wretch
es soouted with joy at the great work
that was to " abolish" the order of nature
and reform the blunderings of the Al
mighty ! But these mad people, these
straight-out friends of 'impartial freedom.'
these honest and impious lunatics, are, af
ter all, but a small portion of the Ameri
can people' and though they have the
common government of the States in their
hands, it is not likely that they really con
stitute one fourth of even the oorthern
people. How. then, is it that scarcely
one-fourth of the nothern people are able
to do all this stupendous mischief, who,
within the past three years, have probably
caused the slaughter of a million of our
brethren, and killed, or thrusting from
their natural orbit, arc in the wav of de
stroying half a lai lliob of hopeless and
hapless negroes—who have fastened adebt
ol four thousand millions on the laboring
classes, and destroyed altogether some
" Let us have Faith that Right makes Might; and in that Faith let JS, to the end,dare to do our duty as we understand it"— A - LINCOLN.
BUTLER, BUTLER COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 8, 1864.
thing like ten thousand millions of prop
erty ! Wiiy, they have accomplished this
gigantic ruin through their allies the
• war Democrats" anil "conservative" Re
publicans, through those who are not lu
natics ai all, who say they ''care nothing
lor niggers, and are fighting for the Cn
ion"— hat is. th ise who do the work ol
the devil, but do not even believe in 4
devil ! They, forsooth, are not Abolition
ists— they •• care nothing lor niggers;"
indeed, to them it is a matter of no mo
ment at nil whether four millions of ne
gp.es should be amalgamated with twentv
scvcn millions of white people or remain
in their normal condition, or whetherthis
should become a " nation" of mongrels,
or remain a confederacy of white men for
ever. !
The Abolit ion lunatics honestly believe
that the sacrifice of a million of white
men and amortgageo'f fourthousand mil
lions on the bones and muscles of future
generations well expended if "impartial
freedom'' can be secured—that is, if eight
millions of white people can be degraded
to a common condition with negroes, aud
the white Republic of Washington and
Buchanan deformed into a mongrel con
cern of mixed breeds. The "rebels," on
the contrary, believe that a nation of lives
and four thousand millions ol debt well
expended on their side if they can pre
serve the social order and a (white) Con
federation. Both sides are honest. The
lunatics are willing to ruin this genera
tion if they can crrry out their "idea"and
set up a mongrel " nation" composed of
degraded whites, worthless jegroes and
miserable mongrels. The "rebels" are
willing to sacrifice the fighting population
of the South if they can preserve a (white)
Confederation of States and Democartic
institutions for future generations of Amer
icans.
This frightful contest between lunacy
aud reason, niggerism and Democracy,
despotism and Confederation, ruin, deso
lation and death against American civili
zation, would soon be decided, were it not
that, your War Democrats, your Conserva
tives, your professedly sane men, who are
not Abolitionists, but do the work of the
Abolitionists, hope to " crush the rebels."
Whether we shall beat down confedera
tion and collapse into a consolidated des
potism, and instead of a white people, de
generate into vagabond hordes of hybrids
and mongrels, is to those people of no mo
merit whatever* Well, they will have
their reward. They will ruin the North,
if not the South, and when the day of
judgment comes, all willagree—rebels,'
copperheads, and -even the reformed luna
tics—that those who were not Abolition-
ists, but with eyes broad open and nfinds
unclouded, did their work, are the respon
sible authors of the most apalling ruin the
world ever saw. They, and they alone,
will be regarded as the destroy era of their
country, for they cannot even plead the
mournful m ril of madness.— X. J". D<ty-
Bonk.
A FEMALE VETERAN- —This war
has furnished many cases, both in
the Rebel and Federal army, of fe
males entering as soldiers. The war
teems with romance. An army cor
respondent, writing from Cairo, May
1 i'th, relates the following: The
Provost Guard went on board the
steamer Missouri, yesterday, and there
arrested a soldier with the uniform
of the veteran , ready to start on his
downward trip with his comrades to
do battle for the Union. On being
taken to the Provost Marshal's office
the veteran was accused of being—
a woman, this he— she, we mean, ilat
ly contradicted, but upon being assur
ed that it was no use to deny it, that
her sex was known, she burst into
tears and acknowledged the fact.
It seems that her name is Elizabeth
Archey. It is the old story told
anew, of how love, more strong than
discretion, forced her to don the ap
parel of her country to follow him
Avhom she loved to the tented field.
Whether she "loved not wisely but
too well," we know not, but the ob
ject of her effhetion followed her be
fore the Provost Marshal's offiice,
and begged for her release: but as
the stern law of the military must be
observed, and as his regiment was on
board the steamer which expected
momentarily to depart, he was order
ed on board cursing the unrelenting
fate that thus separated him from his
" true love."
SPIRIT OF THE OOI.OUED TROOPS.—
ilie conduct of the colored troops, by the
way, in the actions'of the lasi few days, is
described as superb. Au Ohio soldier
said to uic to-day : " I never saw uien
lij-'lit with such desperate gallantry as those
negroes did. They advanced as grim and
stern as death, and wlieu within reach of
the enemy, struck about them with a pit
iless vigor that was almost fearful."—
Another soldier said to me : " These ne
groes never shrink nor holdback, no mat
ter what the order. Through scorcliiug
heat and pelting storms, if the order
comes, they march with prompt, ready
feet." Such praise is great praise and it
is deserved. The negroes here who have
been slaves are loyal to a man.and on our
occupation of Fredericksburg ]>ointed out
the prominent secessionists, wiio were at
once seized by our cavalry and putin safe
quarters. In a talk with a group of these
faithful fellows 1 discovered in them all a
perfect understanding of the issues of the
conflict,and a grand determination to prove
worthy of the plane and privileges to
which they are to be exalted.
JTTAT If you are in debt, somebody owns
part of you.
ULYSSES S. GRAM.
BY OkOROE UIItDSETK.
Give us your hand, General Grant—
You were n"t the coward to say " I can't"
Nor M<>t the boaster to say "1 can."
But you went to w<uk with M will, and won,
To pivve that the thing Could be done.
On, fttnl was kind, and Heaven was true,
When it gave u* a man like U
lysea Grau^—
When ii gave us a man like you.
We honor you, General Grant I
Tun have mad-
The hearts of the i.ation with joy to pant,
'ihat were lying cold in the shade;
And they ble • you ever for what you've done.
For the glori'-u- victories won.
And pray that kind Heaven may arant us a few
More such brave lighting men a- L
lysaea Grant—
M«-re such brave fighting men as you.
WIT AND WISDOM.
CONTENT is the wealth of nature.
RUDE —Gazing rudely at strangers.
IMPOLITE —Loud and noisy laughing.
THEY must beg in harvest who will not
sow in the spring.
NEVER boast of your fomily connec
tions until they begin to boast of you.
A STRONG GENERAL. —He must be a
strong general who can storm and carry a
fortress.
.Josn BILLINGS says that it is 5 dol
lars fine, in Cincinnati, tew strike a hog
in anger.
lit who violates a pledge to which he
has written his name, strikes down his
honor with his own hand.
THE loveliest faces are to be seen by
moon light, when one sees half with the
eye and half with the fancy.
WHEN do chickens cross the road ?
Ans. When they want get to the oth
er side ?
TONGUES and sounds are estimated as
the best parts of codfish, but they are of
ten the Mijjist parts of woman.
THERE is no sin a man may be tempted
to, but he will find greater comfort in
resisting than indulging.
How can you be all sweetness to the
face of an acquaintance, and Speak dis
paragingly of him when his back is turn
ed ?
AT church some clasp their hands so
tight at prayer time, that they cannot get
them open when the contribution box
conies round.
A WAG seeing a lady at a party with a
very low necked dress and bare arms, ex
pressed his admiration by saying she
'•out-stripped the whole party."
WHAT is the difference between a swal
low and a cat ? It is an admitted fact
that "one swallow docs not make a sum
mer," but any cat can make a spring.
THE reason an old maid- is generally so
devoted to her cat, is, that, not having a
hu-i and. she naturally takes to the next
u;. : t.e, edierous animal.
"MA. S the portrait of lather torn?"
a-'ked a little cherub of three summers.
" N'o. child. Why do you ask ? '
Why. this morning lie said, 'darn my
picture!" \
AN Irishman, who had been asked to
furnish proof of his marriage, took off
his hat and exhibited a scar on his head.
" Here," said he, " is my marriage cer
tificate—that's Judy's mark."
AN indiscreet man confided a secret to
another, and begged of him not tore-
peat it.
" It's all right," was the reply, " I will
be as close as you were.
AN avaricious man " out west" is re
ported to make a practice of always riding
in the last seat of a railway train, to save
the interest on his fare until the conduc
tor gets round to him
A GIBL, hearing the lady of the house,
at dinner, ask licr husband to bring Dum
lu i/ ati</ Son with him when he came home
to tea, kid two extra pliUes on the supper
table for the supposed visitors.
MR. JONES called upon the gentleman
who advertises to restore old paintings,
and requested him to restore a valuable
landscape which was stolen from him two
years ago.
A NEC;HO at the point of death, was
told by his minister that he mast forgive
a certain darkic against whom he seemed
to entertain very bitter feelings.
Yis. sail," he replied, " if 1 dies, I
forgib dat niggar; but if 1 gits well dat
niggar must take care."
" MA, said a little girl to her mother,
do the men want to get married as bad as
the women ?"
" I'schaw, child, what are you talking
about ?"
" Why ma, the women who come here
arc always talkiug about getting married
—the men don't do so.
IN a not distant city, the wife of one
of the City Fathers presented her hus
band with three children at a birth. The
delighted father took his little daughter,
four years old, to see her new relations.
She looked at the diminutive little beings
a few moments, when turning to her fath
er she inquired, " Fa, which one are you
going to keep
Irish Round Towers.
It is not au easy matter to travel back
into ages which are enveloped in a gloom
which renders everything ill-defined, and,
as they recede, enshrouds them in almost
impenetrable daijcness, so that we may be
said to feel, rather than see our way.
This, foSR long time, was eminently the
case with the ltound Towers of Ireland,
and caused much speculation, both to the
learned and the unlearned. But of late,
the great analyzer of heathen traditions,
Mr. Bryant, has so nobly traced the su
perstitions of early nations, that he at once
gives us a standing front on which tobuil<|
an hypothesis. *
Idolatry aud its twin sister, Supersti
tion, commenced at a very early period of
the world's history, by the abuse of the
revealed or patriarchal religion, aud the
gradual corruption of certain commemo
rative honors which we paid to Noah in
memory of his preservation from the Del
uge.
Noah, just man, would naturally
be revered by his immediate descendants,
aud the Ark, as the means of his miracu
lous escape, would be contemplated with
a degree of veneration bordering on wor
ship. Thus arose the Arkite system of
idolatry, which in a little while became
mixed up with the Sabian, or worship ol
heavenly bodies.
As Noah was esteemed the regenerator
of the world, the sun, as the sourco of all
good, came to be his representative, aud
the moon as theeggoraik where the germ
of lile lies concealed, were identified i*
heterogeneous confusion, fiually eveutua
ting into the still more corrupt mytholo
gy of Egypt, Greece, and Rome. Then,
in the absence of the sun, fire was vener
ated as his emblem. Hence, the first tem
ples have a marked reterence to the Zodi
acal circle in which that luminary per
forms his course, anil sacred fire blazed per
petually in the Adytum.
As a knowledge of the arts improved,a
better style of architecture naturally took
the place of the rude circles of*Stoncs,
and the tower, which the men in the plains
attempted to build, may bo considered the
next step in design, as well as of the infi
del character ingrafted on their religion.
The foundations were square, but the
building itself was round, aud uncovered
at the top, agreeably to the notion that it
was very impious to confine the Deity with
in an . uclosed shrine.
Watching the motions of the heavenly
bodies was closely connected with the rites
of religion, and we find the Chaldean
priests were distinguished ibr the accura
cy and extent of their astronomical obser
vations, at au extremely high era in the
auuals ol' our race. 1 ousequeutly, for
the purpose of ending these studies, the
temples were usually erected on elevated
spots, or on hill-tops, until the idea sug
gested itself of building the temples them
selves high.
As the tide of emigration aud refine
ment was borne westward into savage lauds
•by those celebrated merchants and plan
ters of colonies, the Phoenicians, they left
the foot prints of their religion wherever
they wandered; aud to these navigators
Ireland owes her towers ol' the Fire wor
shipers.
By tliattime, the simplicity of the Irish
ages had yielded to a inore splendid order
ot things, and we find these towers lofty
cylinders, with four windows at the top —
the roof arch'd with stone, and ornament
ed with a ball, or spike, to represent the
sun. The doors are elevated some twelve
or fourteen feet from the ground, and are
supposed to have been entered by laders,
as every theory connected with religiou
was veiled from the vulgar by the priests,
who revealed ouly what they chose, and
that in mysterious symbols. Further, the
uames of these towers, which have been
hauded down in the vernacular of the
country from time immemorial, as (Jall
temor, Gall-vaille, &c., meaning fire, and
divinity, proves not only that the theory is
correct, but the early connection of Ire
land with the East.
Why none of these towers arc to be met
with in England, and only two in Scot
land, is an inquiry for the curious, as Dru
idieal Cacr, or Cams, are scattered over
the three islands. Nevertheless, there is
evidence that lire was held sacred by the
Druids; and the dance arouud the May
pole,wh ich the English youth perforin even
to the present day, when, the ancient bard
says,—
" The cookoo conronea the dance on the green,"
is commemorative of the religious rite 9 of
their first fathers, called the feast of Itel
tane. The motion in a circle, from right
to left, is in conformity to the course of
the sun, and is supposed to express a de
sire that all things might go in conformi
ty to the will of the Supreme Being.
In Scotland, on the first of November,
the boys Lind e Hallow fires, or the fires
of peace, another great occasion of sacri
fieeand feasting amongst the Druids, when
all persons had to extinguish their fires
carefully, and were religiously obliged to
take home a portion of the consecrated fire
to light them anew. The custom of car
rying live coals from the sacred fire is still
perpetuated by the lads who kindle these
Hallow fires, running about with blazing
turfs at the end of a stick, unconscious,
by the force ol habit, that they commem
orate a rite, the real purpose of which they
never knew.
So with the Round Towers of Ireland,
which stand as records of by-gone usages,
long after tho solemnities they were in
tended to illustrate are completely lost.
The Sunset of Life.
When, toward the close of some long
summer day, we come suddenly, and, as
we think, before his time, upon the broad
sun, "sinking down in his tranquility" in
to the unclouded west, we cannot keep
our eyes from the great spectacle; and
when he is gone the shadow of him haunts
our sigh; we see everywhere, upon the
spotless heaven, upon the distant moun
tains, upon (he fields, and upon the road
at our feet, that dim, strange, changeful
image; and if our eye 3 shut to recover
themselves, we still find in them, like a
dying flame, or like a gleam in a dark
place, an unmistakable phantom of the
mighty orb that has set; and we were to
sit down, as we have often done, and try
to record, by pencil orpen, our impression
of that supreme hour, still would it be
there. We must have patience with our
eye, it would not let tho impression go;
that spot on which the radiant diso was
impressed isinsensihle to all other outward
things for a time; its best relief is to let
the eye wander vaguely over earth and
sky, and repose itself 011 the mild, shad
owy distance. So it is when a great, good,
and beloved-man departs, set, it may be,
suddenly, and to us, who know uot the
times and the seasons, toosoon. We gaze
eagerly at his last hours,-and when he is
gone, never to rise again on our sight, we
see his image wherever we go, and in
whatsoever we are engaged ; and if we try
to record by words our wonder, our sor
row, and our affection, we canuot see to
do it.for the ''idea of his life,, is forever
coming into our "study of imagination,"
into all our thoughts, and we can do little
else than let our mind, in a wise passive
ness, hush itself to rest.— John Brown, M.
D.
ASK THE CAPTAIN. —WhiIe crossing
the plains to Santa Fe, ''eneral Kearney
was some distauce ahead with theadvance
guard. One of the officers belonging to
the rear division singled Bob out and sent
him ahead with a letter to the Gene raj.
When he came up with them they had
camped, and Bob sauntered into the Gen
eral's marque.
■'Wc'ro gittin'along right sharp, Gen
eral," said he.
'1 Yes, sir," answered the commander.
"I wish you'd jist look at that hoss o'
mine, General, and give me your 'pinion
how he'll stand the racket elar through to
where we're goiu'."
" Have you a captain atthehead of your
company?" inquired the General.
" Wall, we hcv, hoss, and he's some pun
kins, too," answered Bob.
" Whenever you wish to learn anything
in regard to your movements, then," said
the General, "inquire of him."
"That's military, is it?" inquired Bob.
" That is military, sir," answered the
General.
/' Well, General, they gin me a letter
for you, but cuss me if I know whether I
oughter give it to you in pussou, or send it
thro' your orderly, so I'll go back and ask
the Cap'n," and back he went, sure enough,
with the letter in Ms possession.
A UNION STAGE TEAM. —A passenger
coming down from the Tower House not
lung siuce with Gus Scammon, who drives
to Westverville, said : " Gus what kind
ofa team is this you're driving?" •' Well,"
said Gus "it's a Union team." Drawing
up his whip and letting it fall lightly 011
the near leader, he continued: That's Frod
Low—don't you seo 'veto' on his rump,
and that" hitting his male—"is Dave Ilrod
erick, poor fellow, he's gone, now, and
this'off wheel' is Ben. Butler. lie looks
mighty tame now, but wake him up and
hegoes aheadof all. This nearcusslooks
just what he is—a little slow, but he's aw
ful honest—he's Abe Lincolu, any body
would know that. How do you like em?"
—and giving them all the word, they star
ted off as if }hey were fully entitled to
their names.— ,Shasta Courier.
ADMIRAL LEE has organized a tor
pedo ami picket division for clearing
the banks of the James river of torpe
does. The division consists of three
gunboats, seven armed boats and 150
men, and precedes the fleet in its ad
vance up the river, They have al
ready secured eleven infernal ma
chines, four of which contained four
hundred pounds, and one contained two
thousand pounds of powder. They
are all very scientific and perfect af
fairs.
GEN. SKIEL was relieved by Gen.
Hunter on the 21st. Gen. Sigel has
been appointed by Gen. ilunter to
the command of the Reserve Division,
which willcomprise all of the troops on
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroaa.
NUMBER M
(Sduatiottal
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Wi.l •' : i,ii
■ i For the CiUaeH. i.
ENIGMA. erf* ni
I'm often beard, though never Keen— i
The boys up the Tillage green,
Fulluften winder whet lam,
When evening air is all a calm,
And they are full of glee, v
For then I'm heard across the street,
With laughing voice and pattering rat,
When they come near, 1 fie#. ?
The hunter in the forest wild, 112 »
Oftentimes 1 have beguiled,
Upon some ciag or on some hill, *V
Or rocky cliff 1 sit, *nd still,
I'm never really there:
In ruined places 1 am found,
Where sornents lurk, and toads abound.
For 1 am everywhere.
I am one of many legions.
Found iu hot and stei ile regions,
Yet I have ne'er a living friend;
My pedigree from end to end,
L -ya in myself alone:
Sometime* a male produces me,
Sometimes my parent is a sho.
And sometimes wood or atone.
I am neither man or woman,
1 am neither bruto nor human.
Neither carnd or immortal,
I am nothing—to cut short all
Questions of my birth,
I ne'er wua born and ne er created,
1 am young, though estimated,
Older than tho earth. i. w.
Changing Teachers.
The work ol Kuucation is not only a la
borious work of long years, but it is an ar
duous work which must be carried forward
by a series of gradual steps. One go id
result after another must be
planned and fully achieved, and each tuus
be harmoniously accomplisned in its prop
er order. The most successful Teacher is
he who definitely works out tho great re
suits to be secured by his ardent labors,
and then steadily pursues the meausof ar
riving at them.
lie, in tho first instance, makes Ijim
self fully acquainted with tho dispositions
and mental peculiarities of his pupils,
measures their capacities, discovers their
intellectual tastes and habits of thought,
a id then applies himself industriously to
correct whatever is imperfect, and to pre
serve whatever is meritorious in their na
tures. But this invaluable knowledge
cannot bo obtained except by long asso
ciation with them in the school room, at
the fireside and in the walks of life, and
when obtained, can only be advantageously
applied by plans judiciously kid, rcquir
iug months, and even years for their suc
cessful execution. But as the practice
now is, in many places, the Teacher in ouo
short term of four monLhs just begins to
acquire this important preliminary knowl
edge, and is then prepared, the better to
witness the bost fruits of his stupendous
labors, and to show his efficiency in its
true cclors, when his connection with tho
school ceases, and another takes hia placo
togo over the same experimental routine.
It is impossible to measure the magni
tude of the evils resulting from the re
moval of good Teachers; yet when a poor
apology of a Teacher has crept intoa school
merely to fill ths house, wo have no hesi
tation is saying that the sooner he is re
moved the better. The removal of good
Teachers, is perhaps one of the greatest
retarding influences connected with tho
operations of the schools, the workiugs of
which arc very seriously felt in evfery cir
cle. It is surely an error and gross mis
conception to suppose that a change of
Teachers every term is beneficial; never
theless the idea is generally prevalent in
rural districts. Where it can be done,
we think it would be wisdom on the part
of Directors to secure the service of tho
same Teacher as long as they can, provi
ded the Teacher's influence and control
over his school is sufficient toenable him to
have the proper command at all times and
under all circumstances.— Bedford En
quirer.
MENTAL EXERTION. — It has been as
serted by persons whose intellectual pow
ers were of the highest order, and who.-ie
industry was as remarkable as their ab
ty, that more than ix or eight hours ever;
day could not be employed effectively
the generality of young for the purpose
mental improvement. If this bethe c
—and it is probably not very far from t..
truth—in vain does the ambitious stu
rob Nature of that sleep which Provider
has made necessary for the reuovation or
the exhausted powers of the mind; au<
iu vain, also, does he attempt to combine
simultaneously the efforts of mental atten
tioa wiih bodily exercise, or to jJWrme his
severer studies during the hour of meal?
—Prof. KM.
Fur the citiaeri
MISCELLANEOUS EN!GM v
BY R. A. 11.
I am composed of twenty-acreo letter®. 3
My 1, 5, 25, 18, bun caught many a ouuuing foe.
" 2, 20,9, 10,13, 22, la uoeded lit prom-nt lu the army.
u 27,10,24, 0,1, In what aomo men delight <n.
M 8, 14, 26, is thoname of » female.
M 12, 21, 27, 21, 10, 15, in what wo would all like too
look into.
44 23, 25, 27, U a scarce article at proeeat.
M 8,7,13, to a very u*ef»*l member.
M tfJ, 11, 22,8, la the name of a flower.
« 12, 10, 10,13, i» an element.
My whole in what our country ueadfl. 1
A GRANDSON of General Harrison Ist
Colonel in the Union army, and is serv
ing under General Hooker. His name
is Benjamin—it was Benjamin Harrison,
his great grandfather, who signed the
Declaration —and he is a worthy ehip off
the old block. tie iaabnwe aud skillful
officer