VOLUME L The American Citizen, IS . 1' lUbeJ every WHne*iay in the borough -r liutler. ... , Mv , N ft 0. «*». A XDdRH'M «»!i OOP Mite l» Ivk •« 11-.tol—up stair* in the brick fir 11 • npiwl by eM Yelter.iwn -t.. e 1 T.VII SO K yey, if paid to IJTMC*, or wftnin le fir-* -• x in ••lthn "r .*'2 if nut puld until if £or tlieexpim -11 >ll >t ttin ti<*>•« six Til Wths. vl . \ I, v cTiHiNn: —One »qm*e n«>n., (ten ltn«'j •» ..... riiib"? |U«*iit%ifHurti'>n,pnr square, • ■••••• • i i M » iintHorlwef .i Card 112 ! 'Vi'i!* • 10-m 1 vear without piper 'i MXtu-ritlH IJ ,i<i' .112; ..» \i ft>'llinM p'l \U >r •!"•••' • •• ,)( n.. 1 o/luuin f»r ill * fiiiiin l c •lumn f»r ..:»«• *>-*r For the Citizen. The Massacre at F.rt Pillow. The glorious old star spangle.} banner floated proudly to the breeze of heaven over the black ramparts of Fort Pillow ; the golden sun at morning, shone down upon the green earth, through the amber tinted clouds that were sailing like flocks of gorgeous wool across the orient vault of heaven ; the wild birds of the south ern woodlands were singing their rnatin lays, were \llaking melody in the boughs of the holly and the cedar, pouring forth their souls in song, ufion the balmy air of morning, in wild orisons that floated up ward like gossamer upon the gentle air of heaven. All nature seemed revived by the hours of peaceful rest; all might have been as paradise, had not man awoke from slumber soft and sweet to conflict fierce and wild. That prou I flag floated oyer the Mlwarks of an ill-fated little band of heroes; that golden sun looked down, to view a scene at which she might have veiled her face in sadness; a scene of horror unsurpassed in all the annals of that crime, at which our very soul revolts the crime ol murder ; fiendish dark apalling murder, whose vic tims never rest within their graces, but stalk forth at the midnight hour, to haunt the soul of the guilty perpetrator; the wild birds gleeful song was hushed by the roar of cannon, an I the rattle of musket try. for man was now playing at the grand game of glory ; the god of war now rode j upon the sulphury siroc and emptied the vials of wrath from his iron car upon the contending hosts, now marshalled for the bloody conflict; and death, that grim king of terror.-, rode upon the iron had that was hclghc li >. li from the heated throats of j tin- blackened ordnance; the red glare of, the ro. -ki't.asit bur<t upon the dense cloud ! of battle, made livid that dark, wild scene j of carnage, and, '• while smoke and sul- t phu. filled ilie air, and made it ghastly eve -y where." n truce token was soon to w ,0 ' k>- .1 spirit of light thr null the j i.in 1 v that there engulfed them cd for the moment nI • r j vest of :lig brave. w. c ' Ii . II >g. that none In' the !. ■ lie cd villains could ii! h nor; 0 !. fl.. : left Pillow's walls, the 1 t..i • « i'.oi c infracted around that little ; ban !, ! kc the coils of the deadly anacon- ! da. an Ia- so .11 11s their demands were re- j je.' c l .'how vaulted over the breastworks , and bore down that little band, like an av- J alani he hears down the stunted fir. We fain would close our memories here and ! say, the rebel horde in victory won the day. Our heart sickens at the thought of j the hell prompted slaughter that followed after the victory, like the withering frost that follows in the train of a deluging vernal rain ; the wounded with uplifted -bleeding hands, called out in vain for mer cy ; their piteous cries were ouly answer ed by the cruel saber stroke, theeo.dbay onet pierced them to the gory ground •whereon thoy lay ; the whizzing ballbro't down the fugitive in his vain attempts to fly the wrath of those demoniacal men ; our brave soldiers begging for quarters, were shot down like dogs, and east into the lire, or into the turbid waters of the Mississippi, aud, some agonizing from their wounds, were cast into the pit amongst the silent dead. O, cruel! wonton mur der. murder! Where shall we turn to find its equal? The red skinned savage of the nothern wilds, moved by pity, unbound and net his victim free ; the wild beast of the forest, lias been known to spear itS vanquished foe, but treasons cause has hatched a brood, unknown to pity and of compassion void, fiends are they in human shape, emiaaries of the evil one, going about seeking whom they may devour; mercy which is not contraband of war. is a white winged angel, floating on the pitchy cloud of battle, willing to be woo ed and won, ulike by friend and foe, mer cy is on atribute of deity, one of the bright celestial virtues that saves our world 'front siuking down beneath the wrath of of God. Our great redeemer once said. " blessed are the merciful for they shall obtain mercy." God is on the side of the merciful, and since he is, how can an army hope to prosper which is dumb to the cries of pity? Fear not oye of little faith ! That God whieh brought our fathers out of the land of Egypt aud out of the house of bondage, still lives, still reigus tli<> kiug ftf kings, is still the God of bullies, is still mighty to save to the uttermost, all AMERICAN CITIZEN. those who put their trust in him; he eaus e I the earth to open wide her mouth and .vuilow up the Yebcl clans of Korah, lutban and Abiram ; and, if lie so pun >hei rebels under the old dispensation, :h iik y u that he will smile on those un ier the new. Gotl is a God of peace and not a God of confusi.n, then how think you, that he could look approvingly upon the traitorous band now stretching forth the'ir hands to smite down a government ordained of him? Be assured a just ret ribution will be uieeted out to those inliu man butchers, who were engaged in that fiendish massacre, which took place at the down fall of Fort Pillow; the blood of the murdered victims cries aloud from the ground for vengeance, the wailing children made orphans, cry aloud for ven geance, and the familiar spirits, from hearthstones made desolate, cry aloud for vengeance; " vengeance is mine and I will repay saith the Lord '; he visited upon Pharaoh in the waters of the lied sea; up on the Philistines by the hand of .Samson and David, and upon the persecutors of the early christians by the hand of the persecuted. Truly, God moves in a mys terious way, his wonders to perform. L. W. Unpardonable Sin. Doctors of theology teach that some sins are unpardonable either in this world or the next, and though they may differ as to the particular sin, they arc, doubtless, right in the main assumption, for reasou and natural instinct are in perfect accord with their revealed doctrine. There are sius, crimes, wrongs, atrocities, whatever the term employed to designate them,that cannot be forgiven—that can no more be repented of than disease can be transmut ed into health, or old age into vigorous youth, or day into night, or indeed the dead mouldering in their graves can be restored to life again. It is a frightful thing to contemplate, an individual who commits this sin. who is without con science, who has 110 remorse, i chose soul is drail; but what an apalling spectacle to contemplate, a vast multitude of these dead and damned spirits who. with eyes wide open and intellect unclouded, are, at tiii- moment, impelling countless hordes of brothers to •• battle, murder and sud den dentilAn impious and disgusting lunacy his been gradually growing up in the northern States and now threatens to destroy the civilization as well as pros perity of a mighty people. It fancies that tiod has made a mistake, and it sets itself up to "reform' His vork. lie has made negroes men, of course, just as crows aro birds us well as eagles, and catfish as well as shad or salmon, or as bull dogs are dogs a* well as hounds. tlav ng made the negro a different and MibiM'dinatu man. nl cour e the Creator has dc-igned him for it corresponding con dition as ;n the South, where four millions of them, three years ago, we e the health est. happiest an ; best situated, in every ect, of any similar number of human beings that have ever existed on the face of the earth. Of course that condition v; uld n..t be best, or al>all possible for white people. 'J lie whole world, and all human power combiuated together, could not keep white people in such a condition twenty-lour h<*urs. Indeed, if such a thing can be imagined as lour millions of white people iti the status of the so-called slaves of the South, they would not prop agate, and, like the slaves of Home, would, of course, die out in time. But to the negro it is the normal condition, the con dition adapted to his wants and the na ture God gave him, and, we repeat, three years ago these negroes were the happi est, healthiest, and, in every respect, in the best condition of any four millions of human creatures that ever existed on God's earth. But a huge, a horrible madness has gotten possession of a large portion of the notheru people, and, form ing a great political party, they got pos session of eighteen States, and, according to outward forms, elected Mr. Lincoln, and usurped the common government of the States to force the people of the South ,to "abolish" the natural order and equal ize with these negroes in their midst! — What a monstrous crime to set aside the natural order and force eight millions of white people and four millions of negroes into a common condition ! What a huge and apalling impiety to thus attempt to set aside the work of the Almighty, and make equal what lie has made unequal! But they arc maduieu, lunatics, the most horrible and disgusting lunatics, the world over saw. aud when Abraham Liu coln issued his proclamation that the de crees of omnipotence should be thrust aside, and four millions of subordinate ne groes made equal with eight millions of white people, millions of impious wretch es soouted with joy at the great work that was to " abolish" the order of nature and reform the blunderings of the Al mighty ! But these mad people, these straight-out friends of 'impartial freedom.' these honest and impious lunatics, are, af ter all, but a small portion of the Ameri can people' and though they have the common government of the States in their hands, it is not likely that they really con stitute one fourth of even the oorthern people. How. then, is it that scarcely one-fourth of the nothern people are able to do all this stupendous mischief, who, within the past three years, have probably caused the slaughter of a million of our brethren, and killed, or thrusting from their natural orbit, arc in the wav of de stroying half a lai lliob of hopeless and hapless negroes—who have fastened adebt ol four thousand millions on the laboring classes, and destroyed altogether some " Let us have Faith that Right makes Might; and in that Faith let JS, to the end,dare to do our duty as we understand it"— A - LINCOLN. BUTLER, BUTLER COUNTY, PA., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 8, 1864. thing like ten thousand millions of prop erty ! Wiiy, they have accomplished this gigantic ruin through their allies the • war Democrats" anil "conservative" Re publicans, through those who are not lu natics ai all, who say they ''care nothing lor niggers, and are fighting for the Cn ion"— hat is. th ise who do the work ol the devil, but do not even believe in 4 devil ! They, forsooth, are not Abolition ists— they •• care nothing lor niggers;" indeed, to them it is a matter of no mo ment at nil whether four millions of ne gp.es should be amalgamated with twentv scvcn millions of white people or remain in their normal condition, or whetherthis should become a " nation" of mongrels, or remain a confederacy of white men for ever. ! The Abolit ion lunatics honestly believe that the sacrifice of a million of white men and amortgageo'f fourthousand mil lions on the bones and muscles of future generations well expended if "impartial freedom'' can be secured—that is, if eight millions of white people can be degraded to a common condition with negroes, aud the white Republic of Washington and Buchanan deformed into a mongrel con cern of mixed breeds. The "rebels," on the contrary, believe that a nation of lives and four thousand millions ol debt well expended on their side if they can pre serve the social order and a (white) Con federation. Both sides are honest. The lunatics are willing to ruin this genera tion if they can crrry out their "idea"and set up a mongrel " nation" composed of degraded whites, worthless jegroes and miserable mongrels. The "rebels" are willing to sacrifice the fighting population of the South if they can preserve a (white) Confederation of States and Democartic institutions for future generations of Amer icans. This frightful contest between lunacy aud reason, niggerism and Democracy, despotism and Confederation, ruin, deso lation and death against American civili zation, would soon be decided, were it not that, your War Democrats, your Conserva tives, your professedly sane men, who are not Abolitionists, but do the work of the Abolitionists, hope to " crush the rebels." Whether we shall beat down confedera tion and collapse into a consolidated des potism, and instead of a white people, de generate into vagabond hordes of hybrids and mongrels, is to those people of no mo merit whatever* Well, they will have their reward. They will ruin the North, if not the South, and when the day of judgment comes, all willagree—rebels,' copperheads, and -even the reformed luna tics—that those who were not Abolition- ists, but with eyes broad open and nfinds unclouded, did their work, are the respon sible authors of the most apalling ruin the world ever saw. They, and they alone, will be regarded as the destroy era of their country, for they cannot even plead the mournful m ril of madness.— X. J". D<ty- Bonk. A FEMALE VETERAN- —This war has furnished many cases, both in the Rebel and Federal army, of fe males entering as soldiers. The war teems with romance. An army cor respondent, writing from Cairo, May 1 i'th, relates the following: The Provost Guard went on board the steamer Missouri, yesterday, and there arrested a soldier with the uniform of the veteran , ready to start on his downward trip with his comrades to do battle for the Union. On being taken to the Provost Marshal's office the veteran was accused of being— a woman, this he— she, we mean, ilat ly contradicted, but upon being assur ed that it was no use to deny it, that her sex was known, she burst into tears and acknowledged the fact. It seems that her name is Elizabeth Archey. It is the old story told anew, of how love, more strong than discretion, forced her to don the ap parel of her country to follow him Avhom she loved to the tented field. Whether she "loved not wisely but too well," we know not, but the ob ject of her effhetion followed her be fore the Provost Marshal's offiice, and begged for her release: but as the stern law of the military must be observed, and as his regiment was on board the steamer which expected momentarily to depart, he was order ed on board cursing the unrelenting fate that thus separated him from his " true love." SPIRIT OF THE OOI.OUED TROOPS.— ilie conduct of the colored troops, by the way, in the actions'of the lasi few days, is described as superb. Au Ohio soldier said to uic to-day : " I never saw uien lij-'lit with such desperate gallantry as those negroes did. They advanced as grim and stern as death, and wlieu within reach of the enemy, struck about them with a pit iless vigor that was almost fearful."— Another soldier said to me : " These ne groes never shrink nor holdback, no mat ter what the order. Through scorcliiug heat and pelting storms, if the order comes, they march with prompt, ready feet." Such praise is great praise and it is deserved. The negroes here who have been slaves are loyal to a man.and on our occupation of Fredericksburg ]>ointed out the prominent secessionists, wiio were at once seized by our cavalry and putin safe quarters. In a talk with a group of these faithful fellows 1 discovered in them all a perfect understanding of the issues of the conflict,and a grand determination to prove worthy of the plane and privileges to which they are to be exalted. JTTAT If you are in debt, somebody owns part of you. ULYSSES S. GRAM. BY OkOROE UIItDSETK. Give us your hand, General Grant— You were n"t the coward to say " I can't" Nor M<>t the boaster to say "1 can." But you went to w<uk with M will, and won, To pivve that the thing Could be done. On, fttnl was kind, and Heaven was true, When it gave u* a man like U lysea Grau^— When ii gave us a man like you. We honor you, General Grant I Tun have mad- The hearts of the i.ation with joy to pant, 'ihat were lying cold in the shade; And they ble • you ever for what you've done. For the glori'-u- victories won. And pray that kind Heaven may arant us a few More such brave lighting men a- L lysaea Grant— M«-re such brave fighting men as you. WIT AND WISDOM. CONTENT is the wealth of nature. RUDE —Gazing rudely at strangers. IMPOLITE —Loud and noisy laughing. THEY must beg in harvest who will not sow in the spring. NEVER boast of your fomily connec tions until they begin to boast of you. A STRONG GENERAL. —He must be a strong general who can storm and carry a fortress. .Josn BILLINGS says that it is 5 dol lars fine, in Cincinnati, tew strike a hog in anger. lit who violates a pledge to which he has written his name, strikes down his honor with his own hand. THE loveliest faces are to be seen by moon light, when one sees half with the eye and half with the fancy. WHEN do chickens cross the road ? Ans. When they want get to the oth er side ? TONGUES and sounds are estimated as the best parts of codfish, but they are of ten the Mijjist parts of woman. THERE is no sin a man may be tempted to, but he will find greater comfort in resisting than indulging. How can you be all sweetness to the face of an acquaintance, and Speak dis paragingly of him when his back is turn ed ? AT church some clasp their hands so tight at prayer time, that they cannot get them open when the contribution box conies round. A WAG seeing a lady at a party with a very low necked dress and bare arms, ex pressed his admiration by saying she '•out-stripped the whole party." WHAT is the difference between a swal low and a cat ? It is an admitted fact that "one swallow docs not make a sum mer," but any cat can make a spring. THE reason an old maid- is generally so devoted to her cat, is, that, not having a hu-i and. she naturally takes to the next u;. : t.e, edierous animal. "MA. S the portrait of lather torn?" a-'ked a little cherub of three summers. " N'o. child. Why do you ask ? ' Why. this morning lie said, 'darn my picture!" \ AN Irishman, who had been asked to furnish proof of his marriage, took off his hat and exhibited a scar on his head. " Here," said he, " is my marriage cer tificate—that's Judy's mark." AN indiscreet man confided a secret to another, and begged of him not tore- peat it. " It's all right," was the reply, " I will be as close as you were. AN avaricious man " out west" is re ported to make a practice of always riding in the last seat of a railway train, to save the interest on his fare until the conduc tor gets round to him A GIBL, hearing the lady of the house, at dinner, ask licr husband to bring Dum lu i/ ati</ Son with him when he came home to tea, kid two extra pliUes on the supper table for the supposed visitors. MR. JONES called upon the gentleman who advertises to restore old paintings, and requested him to restore a valuable landscape which was stolen from him two years ago. A NEC;HO at the point of death, was told by his minister that he mast forgive a certain darkic against whom he seemed to entertain very bitter feelings. Yis. sail," he replied, " if 1 dies, I forgib dat niggar; but if 1 gits well dat niggar must take care." " MA, said a little girl to her mother, do the men want to get married as bad as the women ?" " I'schaw, child, what are you talking about ?" " Why ma, the women who come here arc always talkiug about getting married —the men don't do so. IN a not distant city, the wife of one of the City Fathers presented her hus band with three children at a birth. The delighted father took his little daughter, four years old, to see her new relations. She looked at the diminutive little beings a few moments, when turning to her fath er she inquired, " Fa, which one are you going to keep Irish Round Towers. It is not au easy matter to travel back into ages which are enveloped in a gloom which renders everything ill-defined, and, as they recede, enshrouds them in almost impenetrable daijcness, so that we may be said to feel, rather than see our way. This, foSR long time, was eminently the case with the ltound Towers of Ireland, and caused much speculation, both to the learned and the unlearned. But of late, the great analyzer of heathen traditions, Mr. Bryant, has so nobly traced the su perstitions of early nations, that he at once gives us a standing front on which tobuil<| an hypothesis. * Idolatry aud its twin sister, Supersti tion, commenced at a very early period of the world's history, by the abuse of the revealed or patriarchal religion, aud the gradual corruption of certain commemo rative honors which we paid to Noah in memory of his preservation from the Del uge. Noah, just man, would naturally be revered by his immediate descendants, aud the Ark, as the means of his miracu lous escape, would be contemplated with a degree of veneration bordering on wor ship. Thus arose the Arkite system of idolatry, which in a little while became mixed up with the Sabian, or worship ol heavenly bodies. As Noah was esteemed the regenerator of the world, the sun, as the sourco of all good, came to be his representative, aud the moon as theeggoraik where the germ of lile lies concealed, were identified i* heterogeneous confusion, fiually eveutua ting into the still more corrupt mytholo gy of Egypt, Greece, and Rome. Then, in the absence of the sun, fire was vener ated as his emblem. Hence, the first tem ples have a marked reterence to the Zodi acal circle in which that luminary per forms his course, anil sacred fire blazed per petually in the Adytum. As a knowledge of the arts improved,a better style of architecture naturally took the place of the rude circles of*Stoncs, and the tower, which the men in the plains attempted to build, may bo considered the next step in design, as well as of the infi del character ingrafted on their religion. The foundations were square, but the building itself was round, aud uncovered at the top, agreeably to the notion that it was very impious to confine the Deity with in an . uclosed shrine. Watching the motions of the heavenly bodies was closely connected with the rites of religion, and we find the Chaldean priests were distinguished ibr the accura cy and extent of their astronomical obser vations, at au extremely high era in the auuals ol' our race. 1 ousequeutly, for the purpose of ending these studies, the temples were usually erected on elevated spots, or on hill-tops, until the idea sug gested itself of building the temples them selves high. As the tide of emigration aud refine ment was borne westward into savage lauds •by those celebrated merchants and plan ters of colonies, the Phoenicians, they left the foot prints of their religion wherever they wandered; aud to these navigators Ireland owes her towers ol' the Fire wor shipers. By tliattime, the simplicity of the Irish ages had yielded to a inore splendid order ot things, and we find these towers lofty cylinders, with four windows at the top — the roof arch'd with stone, and ornament ed with a ball, or spike, to represent the sun. The doors are elevated some twelve or fourteen feet from the ground, and are supposed to have been entered by laders, as every theory connected with religiou was veiled from the vulgar by the priests, who revealed ouly what they chose, and that in mysterious symbols. Further, the uames of these towers, which have been hauded down in the vernacular of the country from time immemorial, as (Jall temor, Gall-vaille, &c., meaning fire, and divinity, proves not only that the theory is correct, but the early connection of Ire land with the East. Why none of these towers arc to be met with in England, and only two in Scot land, is an inquiry for the curious, as Dru idieal Cacr, or Cams, are scattered over the three islands. Nevertheless, there is evidence that lire was held sacred by the Druids; and the dance arouud the May pole,wh ich the English youth perforin even to the present day, when, the ancient bard says,— " The cookoo conronea the dance on the green," is commemorative of the religious rite 9 of their first fathers, called the feast of Itel tane. The motion in a circle, from right to left, is in conformity to the course of the sun, and is supposed to express a de sire that all things might go in conformi ty to the will of the Supreme Being. In Scotland, on the first of November, the boys Lind e Hallow fires, or the fires of peace, another great occasion of sacri fieeand feasting amongst the Druids, when all persons had to extinguish their fires carefully, and were religiously obliged to take home a portion of the consecrated fire to light them anew. The custom of car rying live coals from the sacred fire is still perpetuated by the lads who kindle these Hallow fires, running about with blazing turfs at the end of a stick, unconscious, by the force ol habit, that they commem orate a rite, the real purpose of which they never knew. So with the Round Towers of Ireland, which stand as records of by-gone usages, long after tho solemnities they were in tended to illustrate are completely lost. The Sunset of Life. When, toward the close of some long summer day, we come suddenly, and, as we think, before his time, upon the broad sun, "sinking down in his tranquility" in to the unclouded west, we cannot keep our eyes from the great spectacle; and when he is gone the shadow of him haunts our sigh; we see everywhere, upon the spotless heaven, upon the distant moun tains, upon (he fields, and upon the road at our feet, that dim, strange, changeful image; and if our eye 3 shut to recover themselves, we still find in them, like a dying flame, or like a gleam in a dark place, an unmistakable phantom of the mighty orb that has set; and we were to sit down, as we have often done, and try to record, by pencil orpen, our impression of that supreme hour, still would it be there. We must have patience with our eye, it would not let tho impression go; that spot on which the radiant diso was impressed isinsensihle to all other outward things for a time; its best relief is to let the eye wander vaguely over earth and sky, and repose itself 011 the mild, shad owy distance. So it is when a great, good, and beloved-man departs, set, it may be, suddenly, and to us, who know uot the times and the seasons, toosoon. We gaze eagerly at his last hours,-and when he is gone, never to rise again on our sight, we see his image wherever we go, and in whatsoever we are engaged ; and if we try to record by words our wonder, our sor row, and our affection, we canuot see to do it.for the ''idea of his life,, is forever coming into our "study of imagination," into all our thoughts, and we can do little else than let our mind, in a wise passive ness, hush itself to rest.— John Brown, M. D. ASK THE CAPTAIN. —WhiIe crossing the plains to Santa Fe, ''eneral Kearney was some distauce ahead with theadvance guard. One of the officers belonging to the rear division singled Bob out and sent him ahead with a letter to the Gene raj. When he came up with them they had camped, and Bob sauntered into the Gen eral's marque. ■'Wc'ro gittin'along right sharp, Gen eral," said he. '1 Yes, sir," answered the commander. "I wish you'd jist look at that hoss o' mine, General, and give me your 'pinion how he'll stand the racket elar through to where we're goiu'." " Have you a captain atthehead of your company?" inquired the General. " Wall, we hcv, hoss, and he's some pun kins, too," answered Bob. " Whenever you wish to learn anything in regard to your movements, then," said the General, "inquire of him." "That's military, is it?" inquired Bob. " That is military, sir," answered the General. /' Well, General, they gin me a letter for you, but cuss me if I know whether I oughter give it to you in pussou, or send it thro' your orderly, so I'll go back and ask the Cap'n," and back he went, sure enough, with the letter in Ms possession. A UNION STAGE TEAM. —A passenger coming down from the Tower House not lung siuce with Gus Scammon, who drives to Westverville, said : " Gus what kind ofa team is this you're driving?" •' Well," said Gus "it's a Union team." Drawing up his whip and letting it fall lightly 011 the near leader, he continued: That's Frod Low—don't you seo 'veto' on his rump, and that" hitting his male—"is Dave Ilrod erick, poor fellow, he's gone, now, and this'off wheel' is Ben. Butler. lie looks mighty tame now, but wake him up and hegoes aheadof all. This nearcusslooks just what he is—a little slow, but he's aw ful honest—he's Abe Lincolu, any body would know that. How do you like em?" —and giving them all the word, they star ted off as if }hey were fully entitled to their names.— ,Shasta Courier. ADMIRAL LEE has organized a tor pedo ami picket division for clearing the banks of the James river of torpe does. The division consists of three gunboats, seven armed boats and 150 men, and precedes the fleet in its ad vance up the river, They have al ready secured eleven infernal ma chines, four of which contained four hundred pounds, and one contained two thousand pounds of powder. They are all very scientific and perfect af fairs. GEN. SKIEL was relieved by Gen. Hunter on the 21st. Gen. Sigel has been appointed by Gen. ilunter to the command of the Reserve Division, which willcomprise all of the troops on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroaa. NUMBER M (Sduatiottal ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Wi.l •' : i,ii ■ i For the CiUaeH. i. ENIGMA. erf* ni I'm often beard, though never Keen— i The boys up the Tillage green, Fulluften winder whet lam, When evening air is all a calm, And they are full of glee, v For then I'm heard across the street, With laughing voice and pattering rat, When they come near, 1 fie#. ? The hunter in the forest wild, 112 » Oftentimes 1 have beguiled, Upon some ciag or on some hill, *V Or rocky cliff 1 sit, *nd still, I'm never really there: In ruined places 1 am found, Where sornents lurk, and toads abound. For 1 am everywhere. I am one of many legions. Found iu hot and stei ile regions, Yet I have ne'er a living friend; My pedigree from end to end, L -ya in myself alone: Sometime* a male produces me, Sometimes my parent is a sho. And sometimes wood or atone. I am neither man or woman, 1 am neither bruto nor human. Neither carnd or immortal, I am nothing—to cut short all Questions of my birth, I ne'er wua born and ne er created, 1 am young, though estimated, Older than tho earth. i. w. Changing Teachers. The work ol Kuucation is not only a la borious work of long years, but it is an ar duous work which must be carried forward by a series of gradual steps. One go id result after another must be planned and fully achieved, and each tuus be harmoniously accomplisned in its prop er order. The most successful Teacher is he who definitely works out tho great re suits to be secured by his ardent labors, and then steadily pursues the meausof ar riving at them. lie, in tho first instance, makes Ijim self fully acquainted with tho dispositions and mental peculiarities of his pupils, measures their capacities, discovers their intellectual tastes and habits of thought, a id then applies himself industriously to correct whatever is imperfect, and to pre serve whatever is meritorious in their na tures. But this invaluable knowledge cannot bo obtained except by long asso ciation with them in the school room, at the fireside and in the walks of life, and when obtained, can only be advantageously applied by plans judiciously kid, rcquir iug months, and even years for their suc cessful execution. But as the practice now is, in many places, the Teacher in ouo short term of four monLhs just begins to acquire this important preliminary knowl edge, and is then prepared, the better to witness the bost fruits of his stupendous labors, and to show his efficiency in its true cclors, when his connection with tho school ceases, and another takes hia placo togo over the same experimental routine. It is impossible to measure the magni tude of the evils resulting from the re moval of good Teachers; yet when a poor apology of a Teacher has crept intoa school merely to fill ths house, wo have no hesi tation is saying that the sooner he is re moved the better. The removal of good Teachers, is perhaps one of the greatest retarding influences connected with tho operations of the schools, the workiugs of which arc very seriously felt in evfery cir cle. It is surely an error and gross mis conception to suppose that a change of Teachers every term is beneficial; never theless the idea is generally prevalent in rural districts. Where it can be done, we think it would be wisdom on the part of Directors to secure the service of tho same Teacher as long as they can, provi ded the Teacher's influence and control over his school is sufficient toenable him to have the proper command at all times and under all circumstances.— Bedford En quirer. MENTAL EXERTION. — It has been as serted by persons whose intellectual pow ers were of the highest order, and who.-ie industry was as remarkable as their ab ty, that more than ix or eight hours ever; day could not be employed effectively the generality of young for the purpose mental improvement. If this bethe c —and it is probably not very far from t.. truth—in vain does the ambitious stu rob Nature of that sleep which Provider has made necessary for the reuovation or the exhausted powers of the mind; au< iu vain, also, does he attempt to combine simultaneously the efforts of mental atten tioa wiih bodily exercise, or to jJWrme his severer studies during the hour of meal? —Prof. KM. Fur the citiaeri MISCELLANEOUS EN!GM v BY R. A. 11. I am composed of twenty-acreo letter®. 3 My 1, 5, 25, 18, bun caught many a ouuuing foe. " 2, 20,9, 10,13, 22, la uoeded lit prom-nt lu the army. u 27,10,24, 0,1, In what aomo men delight <n. M 8, 14, 26, is thoname of » female. M 12, 21, 27, 21, 10, 15, in what wo would all like too look into. 44 23, 25, 27, U a scarce article at proeeat. M 8,7,13, to a very u*ef»*l member. M tfJ, 11, 22,8, la the name of a flower. « 12, 10, 10,13, i» an element. My whole in what our country ueadfl. 1 A GRANDSON of General Harrison Ist Colonel in the Union army, and is serv ing under General Hooker. His name is Benjamin—it was Benjamin Harrison, his great grandfather, who signed the Declaration —and he is a worthy ehip off the old block. tie iaabnwe aud skillful officer
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers