LEWIS
BY O. N. WORPEN & J.
Av TynErExoKXT Familt
gljc (Cl)roiucl c .
FKIIMV, 4 I'll 1 1. , l5.
Northern Central Railway.
i l .1 i ... -!,;., f ,,r;.iutiir.t
li V, 5Stll U I IIC until ft""' "
. . i u nt.ti. rr a tlm
at its prcscut session, which authorizes the
f . .- , -, i i f i.,ja
Company to depose of its bonus tor less
, 1 J , , . : i .,,,.,.,.,
than par, and also to make special contracts
for the ue of their machinery and cars on !
the line of other roads with which they
connect, and to make special contracts 1
,!., m,,.ie. f..r trMnsnort:ition. :
and with manufactories on their line and
on the line of roads with which they con-
nect for 11.? transportation of coal, stone
lime, iron ore, and lumber. On motion,
the supplement was unanimously accepted. :
Tbe advanced toll-rates adopted by tbe
Directors were approved
It was also announced that a Con:mitee
, , . . ... , i- , i
had consummated acoutract with capitalists i
of New Voik, interested in the Trevorton
A rr..n.-r:tl meeting of tilt? St'X'k holder
rc .. c i t ,i ... "wedded to immortal verse. trom tlic ! even there, it has an effect, upon those
01 tun I lormcriy iue cuMimMuuaj .
, , . . ., , . , tunc wnen "ine moriinif; mug i"nc utterly iiaruciieu, oncu opposite to tue in-
panv, was held in Baltimore, 12th nut., , J ... , ,
''. , . , .-.. . t her, and all the s"ns of God shouted for tention. Even so, in the house of God, '
for the election of Officers and the trans- ' ' ' '
action of other item., of business. Among Joy, until the t'nt lwT j LnulJ tL T "f Sa,: i
the e were the consideration of an act : ""8 ,iave V"Uut ScnU "' '"U,Kn- I everything which savors of him, and by ;
supplemental to the charter of the Con.pa- S ;f " WC" " '8 iation IW,I""P',1 ,,"lisL'"1' !
CoalA llailroad Company, for the trans- wik .rSh.ll. d . th, it.tlr pWa.
portatiou of their coals from that Compa- 81u)g j ..om,je ln," has a plaintire
ny's large estate to Canton, on most advan- ,.fi-,.,.t fureiiru to the nature of the poetry.
tageous terms to the Company, and that in
consideration of this arrangement these
parlies had advanced money sufliuient to
build that section of the road between j
Trevorton liridgc and Millersburg. l!y
this, there remaius. only money to t.e raised .
to build the upper section, less than ten
miles, which will complete the road (wilb i
the exception of the JJridg'e over the .Sus- i
(jUidiauna) from Ilarrisl.urg to Sunbury. j
Tbe following were elected Directors for
tbe eusuing year : W. E. Maybew, Zenus
Haruum, Lloyd X. K gers, William F. j
Packer, It. -M. Magraw, V. II. Keighler, !
John nerr, Eli Lewis, Simon Cameron, ; extu,ive U6C anJ be-hoof for ever." On
Francis White, W. H. Bruue. J the cnlltrilryt those airs and poetical arti-
BauTbe Garrisouian Abolitionists have de, which, by the same process, have be
called a mass convention at Syracuse, on ; c"'" dedicated to moral and religious
the '28th of .May next, to nominate can- r should be consecrated to such pur
didatcs for President aud Vice Presideut. P"s"9' a,,J not perverted by trifling and
This movement will relieve the Hepublican
party of the odium both real and false
which attaches to the ultra Abolitionists,
The Republicans are in favor of the L'n- antries indulged in by well meaning men,
ion, of tbe Constitution, of the Uible, of are often injurious iu their influences, aud
tbe Christian church ; they believe these : do violence to sacred and useful associa
ail, in their true spirit and design, arc tions.
hostile to Slavery ; and they du.-ire to John Quincy Adams, to his latest day,
absolve themselves from all responsibility ' used that simple form of prayer at evcu
of that evil, as fast and as far as they can. ing, taught him by bin mother, common-
.Jos Tvu: has written to a gen-
tlcman in 1 exas a letter in which he takes
ull the credit of having annexed Texas to
the Union. " My successor did nothing
but coufirm what I bad done. Xor is that '
all. Texas drew after it California, so
that I may claim that, in regard to the
I.:... . k m. i ... l...:..: .
w uoie suojt-ci, ,ur. 1 Oll J3 iui auimuis- p
trator oV Irmis nun." As Slavery pardons (
a .....ii ii .i..,. r... I.;., . . i ;i.
, ." ,.' .. , ' i , i published iu a .Michigan paper: i
crty, and tolerates him as a Democratic always inclined liuu to dancc,and renewed 1 . .' . ... ,., !
' I I. v r.s wiiutii ( iti, K. I ., J.ni. -j, 18.jr. I
can lidate for President, so Arnold Tyhr follies he would like to forget, was a good i JU.y Jjlab, FATllta: 1 never expected
justly thinks he has older claims on the judge of human nature, aud of the law of j (0 be called to write to you under so great
same score. John miy be aspiring to the ! association. I affliction. My tlu bUnd has lien very i
Cincinnati nomination who knows? j
tekTTbe Pbilad. S'it publishes as an
advertisement and a number of Demo-
cratic papers as reading matter Col. For
ney's Plea for ISucbanan, which, through .
eight or ten column, nowhere finds room
for the fact that, uutil the era of Jaeksou-
ism, liucbanau was an open, able, and ar-:
dent opposer of Democracy. )
Tbe Ilarrisburg 7"'(ra;A has one paga
covered by a scathing review of the Pres-1
idi-ntial pretensions of .Messrs. Pierce, '
Douglas, and Buchanan Buchanan par- i
ticularly. j
"Free Trade axi SAiija's RionTs," j
was the rallying cry of America in 1S12. j
America would not permit England to ;
board and overhaul our vessels in search
of her subjects." But Virginia has un-'
dertaken to do what England dare not- !
. , , . . . ,. ,
sue nas passeu a .aw requiring vessel,
leaving uer pons 10 oe searcticii ior
"servants.' How much trouble this law ;
. 0
a fresh proof of the injustice, insolence, ; col)formity to the fashions and the amuse
and arbitrariness of the Slaveocracy will ' menl(, f the world. But, on the occasion
occasion, the future only can reveal.
c&.Tbc Common S-hortl Journal for
April, has a Ioug communication from Ex-
Gov. Ritseb, expressive of his continued
interest in the Common Schools, of which
he is a Director aud a frequent visitor.
The Superintcndency he says is useful aud ;
popular in his vicinity. The article evin
ces remarkable vigor and discrimination,
for a man of his years aud advantages.
There have been few " better abused"
men than honest Jo. Ititner.
Another Texas ! It is asserted hy '
intelligent men, that a large share of the persuaded so to do by music which had
troubles in Mexico are iustigated by slave- ; that direct and positive influence ? Is it
holding emissaries. They design to de- j proper to tantalize sinners like us, by say
taeh from Mexico some of the States bor-1 ing in effect, you shall Dot have our church
dering on Texas aid in making them ! for a ball-room, but we will pour upon your
iudepeodcot then introduce Slavery, and
RK-aunex them to tbe U- S , in order j
to give Slavery more power iu our nation,
uis was the way that lexis No. 1 was !
Wo'-d see how Xo. 2 will go.
R. CORNELIUS.
axp Nkws Journal,
iOKir.IXAL ESSAYS.
-
Communicated for the Lewisblrg Chronicli.
InlliiriK -s of Association.
Tln re is nothing in which the power of
memory is so strongly evinced, as in music, j
u U "w,d, ! v. i
(-1 1
the gentle, the soothing, the melting, ; professedly dedicated to spiritual worship,
" . v 1 ..... . . .
the persuasive air, which tranqiiilizes, i "My msc ,s the house of prayer, but ye
i ' , . . I , . , ,.',,. ,
which convinces, which charms, which have made it a den of thieves." Let the
' . ...., , . , .
s U!"i ",!n "'';re ,ho "P ur,ng,.he , bumble prayer of pratse therein never be
tLa '"Adding note which arou- drowned by the winning but vain notes of
SIS us ,0 dt'e'U of aet,V,,y' f '''.toned ,ue Tempter. Let the reflection, that Cod
L,"",r. aBj of dau"tlcsM10S3- " orJs bc- dwells peculiarly in his holy temple, be
! conie 80 a!l,,"J t0 n,us,c' tWf th? can '.
Lnevcr bc T"J 5 tbe ""s,c r(vM .
! ,1,e wnr',s' ,lie wor',!, W,U rec:,n tI,e mus,c-
j The "M"" "y" IthosU set to ,
uie mosi genua auu in aee-ureaiuiug wums i
,,,e ,anS":'"' f"u,Ji f""'1""' Ca" ew' Lc
""t'1" ,0 ,Iie 1 ll'IlcllII1:'n but a clar,on blast :
a,isean'1 ba"!e f"r Iibcr,y nJ f"r ?W- j
"TfanWoa l,.od!e'' will always have a droll
.i ,
twang, even when sung tu Toiuf.ur-juua
,.olll i,au Xuekci" is "Old Dan Tucker," j
l)ie wrlj ovcr UI1j llt00 ialc fur auJ I
u(i.r faC
There is. in rerc deed, nn awful nower
in associatiou! and although sonic wise- j
acre Las 6aiji ue aid not know why the I
j)ovil fUlluj have all the good lunes,"yet ;
tlll,rc jS) upnn f.ir(.ful thought, a manifest
pr,irit.tJ. j,, "giving tbe Devil bis due" of .
umii;,. ui .11 cit., i , (Teei Alia t
aI)J wc)rdj however good they may be j
wujcU l,ave uccn u;s lj usage frou, time
immeiiiorisil, ami which are "sacred to his I
ni0IllrVi" ghould be yielded up "to his
everyday and everywhere and constant and j
irreverent use. On this account, scripture .
quotations, parodies.aud many other pleas- j
' Nv,n., t. .
1 he very act renewed all nis reverence lor
the example and precepts of that excellent
woman, to whom he owned his mental
training as well as his existence. Tbe
iufluencc of that prayer, repeated day by
day, and acting through " the old man
i ... t. 11 -..
uioijucul upu iiiu wmiu, uu wu itiu j
The venerated preacher of tbe Gospel,
Cl, i.
i. o..i.i ....t ... . r. tM.. I,.,-.,,,.... it
Recently,! was an unwilling participant
. - i- r
in a most incongruous mingling of tbe sa-
e, r I
ered and tbe secular, (not tosay profane)- ;
where tbe serious associations of a cber- 1
ished house of worship were rudely jarred j
by the introduction of theatrical and ball-
room airs. I know that in our Savior's ;
day the holy Temple itself had become a I
, , . i . .if i
market house and exchange place, but He ,
drave out those who were thus employed,
evidently teaching that places dedicated to j
the worship of Almighty God, should have i
all its uses to accord with and not do vio- '
lence to that design. Buying and selling
vera in themselves not unlawful, but they
were scandalous sins when transacted in
thut place. In our day, much care and ;
expense are incurred in erecting houses :
where Jehovah is to bo worshiped, and to j
"beautify the place of His sanctuary." I I
tIl0SC bouses, Sabbath b, Sabba.b.we hear :
iiiuoi. , .... I
lT.KUlmeil ,he necessity ot being regener- !
atL(i m thc temper and spirit ot our souls
f v,..;,, ,t...,i to the flesh and of noo
referred to, tbe music was not harmonious
with tho place. In my view, it would
nullify the good effect of half a dozen
ordiuary sermous. It re vivifled other and
not bc,ttr daJ9 an(J V1 WDtre oy'n'nfe'
but ,be liMe was taught. I could say for
lujsidf aud eompauinus.that, involuntarily,
-Our Oliver tun anil our low kip timr."
Nothing seemed to be surer than that a
dance was maturing all over the houso. j a bi , crcct a mument over his grave
And, indeed, would it have been any more ; as a 3J.irtyr for Liberty. As soon as Win
a sin to have had that congregation taken j tcr breaks, and 1 can settle my busiuess, I
a few turns in dancing in that bouse of j intend to start for home. 1 am not in
i.: .i,... r. tu. i.. ::.j . j want by way of necessaries of life. I am
worship, tbau for them to be invited and
cars tbe very airs which are commonly I
used to incite the feet to active exercise in j
measured steps? "Lead us not into temp-
tation," wa aro taught to pray ; and if we
so pray, shall we nullify our own prayers
BURG
LEWISBUKG, UNION CO., PA., FBIDAY,
ami iti.-tilt high Heavcu by exciting our
selves or others to the cnmmissiou of acta
which are deemed sinful an J pernicious ?
We never hear a spiritual song or sa-
ered melody, in any of Satan's numerous
churches, except by way of derision ; and
not
i uriiiii uui iue cjvmr hi say m mo p circs
Joepcned from year to year, and not bc
rndedy broken by bavin- it lilled with the
('MV"h a'"1 thp pwnieiuu. inOucnce of the
ball-room acd the theatre. In a word, let
ail tne Assori ATIis 01 iue place he nar-
doming its "
real purpose. (9.47'-
"Look ot npon ,h. Win. wh.n i. i. Bed."
and
11V 31 113. M. A. HILTON-.
Ob. Woman! ncautiiui ana inir,
Wnh ihv solily radiant eye,
"Look not upon the wine cup rril,"
Pass it untasted liy.
Oh. seal not wilh tliose pnre lips
Whence words ol Love should flow,
Give not thy sanetion, word or alijn,
To guilt, despair, and woe !
Art thou a Mother! look around
L'pon thy household pearls.
On Ihe lair brows of noble boys.
And cenlle-heartrd girls.
Think w hat their late, if one, perchance,
rli u iiiiiiiik trace like thine,
(Should press in their unsullied lips
The poison draught of wine.
Ait thou a Wile! rh, jealous juard
'n u.h noil lolly trulli.
Of him, thy fondly rhoen one.
The husband of thy youth ;
Place not the bright temptation near.
If peace thou woitldSt retain
The household hearth, by wine defiled,
Hope's torch lights not again!
Art thou a Maiden ! gentle, young,
Wnh soft, beseeching eve.
Entreat thy heart's elected one
"To pass the u-ine cup by;'
With firm and steady outstretched hand
Debar the sparkling bowl.
Keep Reason's impress on his brow.
Its light within his soul.
Oh. Sister! Kri-nd ! lift up your voice
To save from future woes ;
Let ynnr sweet voire avoidance win
Of the red wine thai flows
The dark, red wine, whose blighting stain
p.-faees Manhood's worih.
And strews with household shivered wrecks
The fairest sene of earth.
Oil, Mother! Daughter! Sister! Wife!
Oh, Woman ! list the call !
Ci.uscd to Life's slern baitle strife,
Here let your influence fall;
In pitv for Ihe broken heart,
for Reason's shaured shrine,
JTZr'
aib1!IT Feb. 1 1, 156 I'nAibitionist.
A MARTYR FOR LIBERTY.
The murder of lirown, in Kansas, will
be remembered as one of the bloodiest out
rages yet committed during tbe struggle in
that Territory. Brown was from IJrowus-
. . . . - . . : ;
' ... . -r t i
: letter, from his bereaved wife, has becu
active in the cause of Liberty, ever since j
wc came into iue icrruory. nis uoiu auu i
v"'"u " J !
manly course, wou tbe rc.-pect aud conn-
of the of a aliJ
Lb was el(.CIud a Member of tbe Legisla-
tUre. Ou tbe other baud, the hatred of;
tbe Pro-Slavery party was very strong .
agaiust him. He was engaged iu tbe de-
,t"se 01 ,luu ul '
war in that region. He, also, with two
ur (hree iuU the niiJt of
a mub aniJ rc.3clu.a a Free State man they
were cruully beating. Ou the 17th iust.,
he, with several others, weut two miles to
attend an election; an armed mob thought
i i. i. ..i i ....... i.... r
' u' """"
Tbe next day my husbaud and bis frieuds
were coming home, when they were met
. . , , r ,irl,....i .,.,, i.n .,.
pBj thcui aud made them prisoners. They
were all carried back to the place of clec-
tion, and there tbe others were let go,but
they determined to kill Am and then
80",B "f U":m tM"P''" ,1!,uw,,l1, a U?K.h
and thus m cold blood murdered him.
0ue b,oW glru.k ou ,u0 Ct.urow aD(1 an0.
ther inflicted a dee
p wound ic his left tem
ple. They tben put him in a wagon, and
brought him home iu tbe night. By this
time he was in a dyiug slate he was not
able to tell us mucb about his cruel treat
ment. He said tbey beat bim like a dog.
He said : "I am not afraid to die; if I have
done wrong iu auy way, I hope God will
forgive me ; I die in a good cause ; I am
sorry to part with you uud our little child,
but I want yoj to meet me in Heaven V
He breathed bis last tbe same night, and
on tbe next Sabbath was buried. Oue ot
the Members of the Legislature has told
mn thr.t he intends to bavc that bodv pass
living with Mrs. M'Crea, whose husband
has been obliged to leave tho country for
life. She will go with me as far as Chi
cago. I am your affectionate daughter,
Martha A. Brow.
The President can issue proclamations
declaring his iutcution to use the whole
power of government to enforce the tyran
nical edicts of the Bogus Legislature of
Kansas. Thirty tliuUMnd dollars of the
money of the United States was lately ex
pended to return three fugitive slaves from
Cincinnati. But the President has no di
rections to issue in relation to the arrest
of tho worse than savages who committed
the above brutal murder, with several
others of like notoriety nor has any mo
ney been cipended for the preservation of
the lives of innocent men in Kansas. And
yd the convention of the party in this
State, at llarrisburg, fully endorsed the
President 1 and the lauk and file are ex
pected to milim it.
What say you, men of Pennsylvania t
Will you rebuke tbe authors of these out
rages, or will you lamely submit?
Long Boots for Ladies.
Some of the eastern papers tell ns that
long boots for ladies are becoming the fash
ion. That is right. Fashion for once is
iu accord with common seuse, particularly
if we are ever to have another winter like
the last. A ucat boot is baudsomcr tbau
any shoe, arid much mure preservative of
health, iu cold or wet weather. They can
be made neatly aud ornamented, aud then
the next fasbiou is to be shorter skirtu aud
dresses. The empress Eugenie, it is said,
will come out in such a dress as soon as :
she "is able to get about," aud then the j
fan daugUterj 0f America mnt do it. Not
a Bluoiucritc dress is meant, but merely a
dress that will not drag ou the gruuud,aud
catch up all tbe dust aud mud within its !
reach. A decided improvement that, and
we hope it will be adopted at onee, partie-;
ularly the boots, with good substantial ;
soles. 1 hey will be "lite preservers un
doubtedly. Creditable.
The Colored people of Washington City
number 10,000, a large majority of whom
r V.o They own eleven houses of
worship, valued at $IO,OOU, or -l ror o. h '
person. (The Whites, numbering 40,000, '
have houses of worship valued at ?;i"J5,000, !
or SS each.) Ten of tbe colored churches '
pay their pastors an average salary of
t050 each, above all extras. Tbey have :
1,000 children in Sabbath schools. Alto-'
gctber, considering their mauy disabilities,
tbey arc proving themselves thrifty, good
citizens.
BA-Senator M'Cmntock, of Pittsburg, ;
Chairman of tbe Committee on Public
Buildings, has given a detailed history of
their erection and the expenditures upon
them, in an tdaborate aud praise-worthy ,
report to the Legislature. He also notices
the further improvements to adapt them
to public Utility, authorized to be con-1
strutted under the superintendence of Mr. j
Mullen, the keeper ot the grounds.
Nashua, April 13. This afternoon, '
a carriage, containing the Rev. Mr. Jew- '
ett and family, came in collision with a
train upon the railroad, and all the persons '
in the carriage were terribly injured, one
so much so that he died this evening. ,
Mr. Jewctt is not expected to recover. j
Miss Elizabeth Campbell last week, at
Albany, sued A. Lagrange for seduction (
and breach of promise of marriage, and .
laid her damages at 10,000. Tbe plain- j
tiff is described as beiug quite young,
modest, and of prepossessing appearance.
Tbo jury awarded her $'.1,000.
Silas Seymour, American State Engin
eer of New York, has written a letter in i
which he repudiates tbe nomination of
Fillmore and Donelson.
TNE FARM
The Ciardrn The Orchard.
Ki.r the LewUburg Chronirl?.
Simple Remedy. Numbers of people
on tbe West Branch as well as elsewhere,
have had their Apple and other fruit trees
injured if not ruined the past winter, by
field mice gnawing their bark, completely
girdling them in many instances. This
evil was doubtless greater tho past season,
in conscqucuce of the depth of the snow,
and its long contiuuanec ; but the same
danger is experienced every winter. It
may easily hti prevented by treading hard
ly around the roots of the trees packiug I
the snow so close as to keep out tbe sharp
teeth of the mice, and repeating tbe pres
sure after every snow-fall.
JuayWe make the following extract, on
the condition and prospects of the agricul
tural community, from the Commercial
article of the New York InJ'penttent for '
last week. Wo ouly fear that it is some- j
what loo strong as to the enthusiasm for j
farming which prevails in many parts of
the country. But it doubtless indicates a '
happy change in that respect, which is ta
king place in the more advanced sections,
and which we have reason to hope may
become general, until the oldest and most
important of all human occupations de
serves and receives the respect which is
theoretically its due. To complete the
proper view of the subject, we add some
less eulogistic truth from auother article
in the agricultural column of tbe same pa
per, on " Care and Study in Farming."
The agricultural department of the Inde
pendent, which has just been iutroduced,
breathes the same life and energy, which,
in its general conduct, have raised that pa
per to tbe first rank among tbe religious
journals of the land. are much mis
CHRONICLE
APRIL 25, 185G.
taken, if we do not recoguize in this branch
of it, tbe hand of Rev. II. W. Bcccbcr,
who edited an Agricultural Periodical in
the West, with signal ability, aud whose
conversation and library show an interest
in the subject, which would love to break
out again at the point of tho pen. L'J.Ch
Commercial and Financial.
The enormous prices obtained for pro
duco the past two years, hy turning the
attention of thousands to agricultural pur
suits, has had a tendency to lay deeper and
broader the foundations of our national
prosperity. Our fanners arc now more
independent than any other class. Tbey
have made money rapidly, and have been
liberal in making improvements, to prepare
the way for a still more prosperous future.
To till the soil is now regarded honorable
hy the high and low, the rich and the poor,
since that calling, equally with any other,
of late, is regarded a highway to position
and independence. A great change has
been wrought. As nation, until
within a year or two past, we have
been growing inoro and more disinclined to
engage in agricultural pursuits. Trade
and commerce have hitherto absorbed the
most promising and talented in town and
village, all over the country. Wealth, it
has been thought, could only be obtained
in our great commercial centers. The war
troubles of Europe, which have produced
an extraordinary demand for bread, have
cheeked this tendency to overcrowd our
cities, and havo Lad an influence upon
us, morally and politically, which hardly
can be estimated. Tbe high prices which
have so long ruled for provisions have stim
ulated our farmers to greater efforts than
cvr before. Their sons are not, as for
merly, willingly released, or tempted away
to other professions. If the old farm is
too narrow a field for their united efforts,
as is usual, they are encouraged to go, not
to the city, but to the West to Kansas,
Minnesota, or any other far distant locali
ty. New-York is not now, as hitherto,
overrun with young men. Those of the
rijht ttnmp are scarce a fact well known
in commercial circles. This sudden change
is as healthful as unexpected, and will in
evitably result in greatly increasing our
strength and power as a nation. The cur
rent of immigration is Dot setting to the
rity, as formerly, but to the country. This
is as il should be. The West no longer
looks to Ireland or Germany for the largest
proportion of her population, but to tbe
Middle States and to New-England. Prob
ably not less than a quarter of a million
will emigrate the present year to our fron
tier States and Territories. Never was
there such excitement on the subject before.
It pervades all classes, iu every city, town,
and village. Students in colleges, profes
sional men, busiuess men, tbe most talent
ed in all quarters, are taking possession of
the soif, as a surer foundation for perma
nent prosperity than can be fouud in any
other vocation. What a glorious specta
cle, and how promising for the future! Let
it be praised and encouraged, as the surest
policy to promote our growth, strength,
aud high elevation.
Collections continuo good from the inte
rior, although we hear some complaints of
the scarcity of money, in consequence of
the fall of breadstuffs. The opeuiug of
inland navigation will soon revive the pro
do co business, and have a tendency to
make things easier. From tbe West an
unprecedented amount of breadstuffs is to
come forward. Those farmers who refused
high prices in the fall, and are now crying
over their folly, had better move rapidly
this spring in making gales, or they will
probably have occasion to submit to much
lower figures. It is believed by many that
the surplus of corn in tbe country would
supply us tbe whole of the present year,
(i. c., up to January cext,) without har
vesting another bushel. Prices, we thiuk,
must go much lower.
Care and Study in Fanning.
There is hardly an occupation among
men, in which the extremes of careful and
of careless management are more widely
separated, than in the profession of Agri
culture ; and as a natural result, the labors
of agriculturists meet with every grade of
varying success, from failure to fortune.
The business of manufacturing and of
trading is carried on with skill, carefulness,
and economy ; for they who engage in it
know that tbey must be shrewd and cau
tious, or tbey will fail and be ruined. The
business of cultivating the soil, as a gene
ral rule and which admits of too few ex
ceptions, is conducted in a manner so loose
ly, uuecotioutically, and even indolently,
that Nature, which affords the materials
of agriculture, though it is really richer
than Art on which manufacturers chiefly
rely, will not yield her fruits with so great
abundance, or so rapid increase.
Agriculture summons more science to
its aid than any other common pursuit.
Its roots extend into almost every field of
learning. It levies a simultaneous tax
upon chemistry, geology, miuerology, bot
any, meteorology, and upon all the arts
and sciences that blend with these. It is
therefore most successfully pursued only
when diligently and deeply studied.
Theorie of practice, without practice it
, VVVVWWAAAAAAVAAiVNVVVVWVVVVVVVVVVV
YEAR XII....WIIOLE NUMBER, 628.
At $1,50 Teu Yeah, alw ays AbVAscB.
self, ore rife everywhere, and in almost
every profession. But agriculture, as it
is pursued by a majority of farmers, is a
practice uithoiit n theory. Yet nothing
but great research into physical laws will
develope its full capacities, which as yet
are meagerly measured and uudertood.
A man may plant corn in the spring, and
in due season gather the crop into his
barn, without having ever read a book, or
even knowing the alphabet. Yet inoir
J,thj and such knowledge as can be con
veniently imparted only by books is ne
cessary to an intelligent understanding
of tbe various influences of atmosphere,
suuIiglTt, raiu and soil which operate to
canse growth. Many things may be done
ignorantly and yet successfully. The suc
cession of the seasons one of the iVim
est operations of nature is also one of the
nimplert to be understood ; they never full
long of their promise to come, and every
body knows that he may expect something
from them. Even the least will be much,
but vastly more may always be received.
Nature's treasures, which are as precious
as fine, aro also, like fine gold, hid in the
eurth ; and if tbey would be found, tbey
J must be sought. The secret of successful
1 seeking has been written in books, as the
, results of the fairest trials and the best
experience. The farmer who can plow his
' corn-field without a manual of agriculture,
I may need a treatise on fructification to
' caution him against breaking off the tassel
j of the stalk and carrying it as a plaything,
j Carefulness of cultivation will do much,
1 but it will not compensate for want of iu-
formation aud intelligence. What then
I must be the results, in such a c mprehen
' sive occupation as the cultivation of tbe
I earth, of virrhst practice tcithout tnoicl
i ed.je :
1 The two great lacks in agriculture, ss it
IS UlCtluaiiljr fiuiliavil, All. ic.jute.to infr
1 million, and carefulness. But the most
pressing and immediate deficiency is the
i latter, tbe remedy of which can not be too
I strongly enforced npon tho attention of
farmers and cultivators everywhere. Heed
I fulness may take a sure step towards iua
j cess ; uegligence walks slip-shod to poverty.
j SrWe publish some furtberstatemcnts,
1 from tbe Ilural A to Yorker, on the results
of " the Oue Potato Experiment." It
' will be seen 'bat tbe product varies greatly,
from one half bushel, upwards ; but the
account of the largest yield, (more than
, three luJfU from one black Mercer,) we
i are not able at this moment to Uy our
, hands on.
To some persons, it nfay seem that such
crops settle tbe question of whole or cut
potatoes for seed, in favor of the latter,
j But this would be a hasty conclusion.
I Observe, that some of these potatoes were
made to occupy 100 or more bills each,
1 and then an important question remains,
j whether Ihe same number of hills planted
I with moderate sized whole potatoes, would
I not have produced enough more to have
i made up for the difference in quantity f
seed. If so, the cutting of this seed would
i be no gain. We are to look ou those crops
with reference to the ground on which, as
well as the potato from which, they sprang.
What is really shown by a single experi
ment of this kind, is, that where it is neces
sary to economize seed, it vil do, for a
single season at least, to cut potatoes small,
or plant even single eyes, or ouly sprouts.
We wish some of our enterprising far
mers wjmld undertake careful experiments,
to ascertain the comparative advantage of
whole aud cut seed. We know that most
of them have already so decided an opinion
on one side or the other, that to them such
a trial will seem superfluous. The very
fact, however, that some are decided on
both sides, proves that one or the other is
mistaken. Nor will it suffice for either
party to say that they have already made
the experiment, because tbe other party
says the same. Evidently, tbe experiments
have not been accurate enough, or widely
enough spread, or long enough continued,
to settle the matter intelligibly for the
public at large. It is, in truth, a hard
thing, (though worth the effort,) to make
a satiffictory experiment. Tbe most that
is proved by what is commonly called snch
is, that such and such a course did, under
unascertained circumstances, succeed or
fail to an uncertain degree. But we can
not enlarge now on the necessary conditions
of a conclusive experiment. KJ. Chron.
The One Potato Experiments.
On hit ntiA nntiln rnn ' T w nil Id renort
" ' "
as follows : Soil sandy ; subsoil clay ; was
: plowed a foot deep. Eight bills occupied
j four feet space, and fourteen, three feet ;
! and three small shovelfulls of the best fine
stable manure thoroughly worked iuto the
' soil for each hill. Planuf"" one row,
five feet wide at the base, TTay 30th, one
Rochester Red potato, eontaing 24 eyes,
which was cni into 24 pieces and placed
in tho 22 bills, three inches deep. One
month after, tbe soil was carefully broken
half an inch deep with the back of a ruke,
to kill the weeds in the sun ; oae week
after that tho soil was thrown around the
plants, covering the sets about four inches
more. A few weeds were picked out dut
ing the summer, (the tops kept most of
them out of sight, and no foot trampled
around the plants.) On ths 221 of Octo-
tor, tro and cne haf bushebt of potatoes
were taken up, and tbey weighed 136 lbs.
10 ex clean, dry, and handsome, without
spot or blemish. The first eight hills (oc
cupying funr fuet in the row) produced
a bushel. The product of the best eye or
s"t weighing ej lbs. Of the hills with
two sets (making three f-t in the row)
the best weighed 8 lb-. The largest pota
to weighed 23 ox Jo us Witueklt,
near Genera, A. )'
On the 20 th of May last I planted on
potato of the California variety, of ordina
ry size, with 20 eyes put one eye in a
hill. Soil, clay and a mixture of sand.
Put a small showifull of bog manure ia
each hill and dropped the seed upon it.
Tbey came up with a good strong stalk
and grew very rank. I hoed them twice.
The two rows ran east and west, and tha
south row was considerably tbe best. I
due from the one potato planted two and
threr-ei'jhth bwJuL, weighing 134J lbs.
I.. II. ABELL. Glides.
Soil, a sandy loam, un plowed for eight
years. Broke it up tbe 10th of April,
nine inches deep. I harrowed it both
ways, and marked one way as deep as I
could and not disturb the sod. I chose a
Merino potato, from which I cut CO eyes;
planted the 25th of May, two eyes in a
hill 3 feet apart, and manured in tbe hill
with fiue stable manure. As soon as they
came up I run the cultivator through both
ways, aud dressed them out, but did not
hill them, as I do not approve of billing
corn or potatoes. This potato was planted
in ray cornfield and both were cultivated
alike, keeping the ground well stirred with
the cultivator snd plow. The produot dug
on the 10th of Oct., was 2 bushels and 15
quarts, weighing 121 lbs. Jo. M. How
land, M'ictdun, A. 1.
I may not have tbe correct name fer ths
Varivtr I ebon In rntition. Tbey
are a longish rd potato, extensively raised
here -some call tbm the Philadelphia
Reds. Soil .sandy loam. Manure, pou
drette, one pint ia a bill ; cut one eye on
a piece, and two pieces to the bill. Pilo
ted May 24tb, and harvested Sept 29th.
Weighed when dry, and free from dirt,
39 i lbs. A. N. La tut Don, Verona, X Y.
The variety I planted is railed the Jen
ny Lind, or Wood Potato. It weighed
two pounds. I cot it into thirty-two pieces,
most of them having but one eye on tbemj
the hills about tbrite and ajialf feet. Toe
soil, sandy loam ; green-sward, plowed np
the first day of Juue, and the p jtato plan
ted the second day, with one shovelful of
Weak barn-yard manure to a bill ; hoed
twice, and dug the 15th of October. Pro
duct 85i lbs, or 19 quarts. My object
was to ascertain how muck it would pro
duce with ordinary rather than erfruordi
nary culture. Joki, Marble, Frondener,
Jl I.
I cut my potato in fifteen pieces ; put
three pieces in a bill ; planted June 1st ;
hoed once; dug the second day of October,
one-balf bushel, good rounding measure.
Tbe soil is rather a black loam. For tbe
lat three years I have adopted the plan
of marking my potato ground with a corn
marker. I drop my potatoes on the ground
and rover them. I have bad no potato
rot since I left off furrowing with the plow.
The kind I selected was the Door-Yard po
tato. T. B. Sta.nto.v, Jamesville, Onun
,uy.i Co., X. Y.
On the 24th of May last, I cut a White
Mercer potato in 47 pieces, and planted
the pieces in a row about 12 inches apart.
I manured ths ground (which was a sandy
loam) with a moderate portion of hog-pea
manure, dug in with the spade, after which
I put a sprinkling of guano along the row,
before planting the potato. On the 2Gtb
of May, I also cut a common Mercer in 34
pieces and planted the pisces aboat 15 in
ches apart on the same kind of ground as
the other, which was modera.ely manured
with hog-pen manure and leached ashes,
dug in as before, with a sprinkling of gu
ano along the row before planting. Tha
pieces were small, so I planted them shal
low. After the potatoes were np I divided
the sprouts where there was mora than
one in a place, and maJd some addition te
the length of the row, but these were
mostly backward and did not eome to ma
turity. I hoed both kinds of potatoes sev
eral times through the summer with tha
hand hoe, raising the ground a little about
the roots,and twice while ths plants wera
small put a little liquid manure about
them. I dug the potatoes on the 15th of
September, and bad them weighed the
same day the White Mercer yielding
201 lbs., and the Common Mercer yielding
27 lbs;, of clean potatoes. Naihax Elt,
Lumlerville, Bacla Co., Fit.
The variety chosen was the Merino,
which I planted in a small spot in the gar
den wituout manure, as the ground waa
already tolerably rich. The tod is natnr.
ally a yellow loam with a subsoil of sand
and gravel. The number of eyes on tha
potato was about twenty-five. I cut the
potato into twenty-four pieees.and planted
four pieces in each hilL Tha distance be
tween each hill was aboat twenty inches.
I planted the potato about the first of J una
and hoed them twice. I dug them about
the first of October. The total weight was
19 lbs. U. T. Holmis, CofitnhtUfX.tm