LEWISBUBG
BY O. N. WORDEN & J. R. CORNELIUS.
As Independent- Familt and News Journal.
l,e Chronicle.
fripay, march as, isr,e.
For th Ltwlstmrg Chronicle.
Common Schools in Central Fenn'a.
The avenge condition of the schools in
this part of the State is not behind that of
any portion of it of equal extent, but is
verj far behind that of some localities.
The second, if not tba first teachers' in
stitute ever held in the State, wag that of
Center county, and many of the members
of that body have become emphatically
teachers of teachers, widening and exten
ding the most beneficial influences.
While teachers were a scattered flock:,
they were unnoticed if not despised. But
onion has given them strength. And the
devotion and disinterestedness which they
bave manifested as a body ; the anxiety
they have shown not to shun, but to se
cure superintendence; the more than sub
mission the gladness with which they
bave received and met all the onerous ex
aminations and investigations which ac
company it, have taken people by surprUa,
and eioited their admiration. It was more
than was expected from that proverbially
lasy, weak, aud fit-for-nothing-else portion
of the community our whilom school
masters. Among the good consequences are better
pay of taxes and of salaries, greater con
sideration shown for teachers and their
trying labors, visits to schools, and better
attendance.
The Union Graded Schools of Lock
Haven are probably the best in any of the
central counties, aud unexcelled in the
State. II. L. Diiffenbacb, late Deputy
Superintendent, who is as sagacious as
constant and thorough in all be undertakes,
and devoted to reform aud the correctiou
of abuse, is Superintendent of the couuty
and a Director in the borough. He and
Lis associates in tbe board, bave selected
teachers of the very first natural and ac
quired endowment; they board with bim ;
and the unanimity and skill that prevail
in those schools is beyond praise. Truaut
ry and street-education are effectually pre
vented by the superior attraction of the
delightfully pleasant schools, and if they
continue in their present auspicious condi
tion until tbe present scholars become the
ruling ' Touug America' of tbe town,
Lock Haven will be a model town in all
respects. All teachers who can do so,
should visit those sehools and spend a day
in tbe rooms, in close study of the neat
ness, order, system, diligenoe, happiness
and progress that prevail there. W.
BOALSBUBQ, IV
CALIFORNIA.
We are indebted to Mr. John Chamberlin I
for a copy of the San Francisco Erening
Bulletin received by the last steamer. It is I
mostly filled with notices of the gigantic
frauds there perpetrated, and the gambling j
and other crimes which riot in that fair land. !
Tbe following communication in the same j
paper confirms our opinion that California
notwithstanding its advantages contains the
most truly wretched population of any semi
civilued country on earth. Lacib. Chron.
"Come over and help us."
('name over and help us," was tbe call
of tbe perishing Macedonian to tbe Apos-
tie Faul. "Come over and help us is
the despairing cry of full fifteen hundred
young men of San Francisco, who yet re
ceive no aid.
You, Mr. King, wield a pen potent for
good, can not you suggest some remedy ?
The morning papers, if appealed to, will
proffer their universal panacea the mines.
There all may obtain work at three dollars
per diem. 'Tie false, 'tis a patent, un
blushing, cruel, unmitigated lie. Thirty
five dollars a month is the highest paid,
and not one in ten is fortunate enough to
obtain work on those or any other terms.
Oh, but you can work yourself for your
self. Gentlemen, it is a fallacy. The pan
and the crevioiug knife are no longer the
sole necessary capital of the miner. Fifty
dollars to reach the mines, fifty mors to
prospect, an hundred and fifty for tools
and support this is the minimum. Gen
tlemen, we do not possess it Fifteen hun
dred of us have nothing. Many are intel
ligent, many educated, many talented, but
what avails it T We bave not the means
to exercise or display these advantages.
We were better without them. We bave
honest hands, and what we ask, what we
demand, is the inalienable right of every
freemen tbe right to labor. Thirty-five
dollar a month and "found," or three
dollars a day is the average remuneration
of manual labor in San Francisco at pre
sent. Give us employment at half those rates
barely sufficient to furnish food and co
ver our nakedness and we will thank you.
Soma of ns are starving. Some, with
name I confess it, have resorted to crime
to prooure a livelihood. Some subsist on
the dole of charity, some upon tbe remains
of former credit, support repugnant to
very honorable mind and daily becoming
more precarious. One, I know, has ter
minated bis calamities by suicide. I my
self have remained for days without other
food than the sweepinga of the markets,
and am now incurring liabilities which
avary day increases mj inability to discharge
But enough. My pen is a feeble one,
but it has spoken the unvarnished truth.
Men of San Francisco, citiiens of El Do
rado, listen to our plaint We have ex
hausted our energies.and now lie prostrate.
Devise some plan for our relief. Give ear
to our petition as the Father of Mercies
may give ear to yours.
Editor of tbe Bulletin, give ns your in
fluence and advice not tbe soulless, truth
less, stereotype cant of the morning pa
pers, bnt something warm and gushing
from your own noble heart. "Come over
and belp us." Help, or we perish ! D.
tyThe incident commemorated in the fol
lowing lines, appeared in a recent country
newspaper, and was there given as a fact.
"FOR MOTHER'S SAKE."
BY EM ELI Mi 8. SMITH.
A father and his little son
One winter's day were sailing,
Fast from their way the light of day
In cloud and gloom was failing.
And fiercely 'round their lonely bark
Tbe stormy winds were wailing.
They knew that peril hovered near.
They prayed, "O Heaven, deliver!"
Bui a wilder blast came howling past,
And soon, with sob and shiver,
They struggled h, jrv erasp
Of that dark, rushing river.
"Cling fast to me, my darling child,"
An anguished voice was crying.
While, silvery-clear, o'er tempests drear,
Knse softer notes, replying :
"O mind not me, my father dear
I'm not afraid of dying.
"Oli, mind me nnt, but tare yourself.
For Mother's take, dear Father !
Leave me, and hasten to the shore.
Or who will comfort Mother ?"
The an eel forms that ever wait,
I 'd seen, on man attendant.
Flew up, o'erjoyed, to heaven's bright gate.
And there, on pa;e resplendent,
Hizh over those of heroes bold,
And martyrs famed in story.
They wrote the name of that brave boy,
And wreathed it 'round with glory.
God bless the child !" aye, He did bless
That noble self-denial.
And safely bore him to the shore
Through tempest, toil and trial ;
Soon, in their bright and traaquil borne,
Son, sire, and that dear mother.
For whose sweet sake so much was done,
la raptaie met each other!
Amos Lawrence and Mr. Barn am.
The lives of Amos Lawrence and P. T.
Barnum, both written by themselves,both
histories of men who began life poor, and
bave risen to wealth and ranked high as
capitalists, may suggest some interesting
aud useful comparison between the two
men, and their different methods of pro
cedure, with tbe final result.
Mr. Barnum as a man of undoubted
energy and enterprise, as a liberal, popu
lar man of great sagacity and business
powers, deserves credit But the publica
tion of bis life did the world no good, and
did him much harm in tbe eyes of all
thiuking men. It seemed to put a pre
mium, not upon useful industry, but upon
humbug. The principle which it inculca
ted, as the foundation of his own success,
was eminently dangerous to the morals of
all young men of unsettled principles who
should read it Had Mr. Barnum contin- j
ucd prosperous, the effect would have been
more disastrous than it will now be. He
boasted that he bad made his money by
puffing, and made speeches in favor of
humbug as the surest and best road to
fortune. He had built a palace at Iranis
tan that cost him 8150,000; began to
build a city at East Bridgeport ; erected
hotels and workshops costing nearly $-00,-000
; built a free bridge which alone cost
him $10,000, and owned all tbe land
around. Thus be humbugged the world,
and humbugged himself, into the belief
that he was immensely wealthy, while co
vering the whole of the property with
mortgages that it may never pay off.
Then in turn it would seem that be was
humbugged by a Yankee Cloci-Pedling
Company, swept clean, and is now a bank
rupt, penniless, aud little Tom Thumb,
whom be established, is now a bigger man
than he iu a pecuniary point of view, and
talks, it is said, of coming to his res
cue. There only needs this additional
chapter added to his life, and then the
stories of the sea serpent, the woolly horse
and all the rest, would convey their own
proper moral to the numberless young
men who otherwise might be apt to sup
pose that humbug is, after all, tbe best
and easiest way to wake a fortune.
One remark more before we part with
Mr. Barnum. He baa many valuable
qualities ; be will push forward in what
he undertakes manfully. If be is wise
now, and will amend in one particular, he
may become a great man. Let bim re
tain all bis energy and boldness ; let him
awaken public attention to bis schemes ;
let him advertize and draw crowds aa be
can, and thus combine as cany wills and
as much capital on bis projects aa he can,
but let him abandon all bumbog.and stiok
to the truth. He can do this, if he will.
Success may be a little slower, but it will
onlv be tbe more sure. Let bim make
bis ground all solid, and then, if be will,
let him pride himself on that as much as
hitherto on humbug. The fact is, that
when men once suspect that there is lie
or a sham somewhere, tbey never believe
then is solidity and truth anywhere, and
this suspicion and distrust cause a with'
holding of confidence that is fatal to any
publio man. Ha has declared that there
: -r 1 - .t tVa bottom
LEWISBURG, UNION CO., PI, FRIDAY,
of bis various humbugs, after all ; so that
be never failed to give the publio their
money's worth for their money, although
he may have pretended to give them
great deal more. Hence it was that men
even liked to be humbugged by Barnum.
But let him enly now adhere to this idea
of giving people their money's worth, and
abjure the pretence of any more than he
solidly and fairly performs, and success
may yet be bis. That enterprise at East
Bridgeport, of building a free bridge, may
bave been a little ahead of the time, or of
bis real capital, but it was doubtless a lib
eral and wise movement, and increased the
value of his lands far more than it cost
His plans of advertising have given an
impulse to enterprise and to movement
for making mammoth combinations that
haa dune the country immense good. Thou
sands owe their fortunes to imitating Bar
num in this particular.
In the Life of Amos Lawrence, of Bos
ton, we see some of tbe very highest ele
ments of mercantile success developing
tb.mselves. Euterprising on a gigantio
scale, liberal beyond any man of his day,
be carefully avoided debt He never,
when a yg ut & Satnrday night
close around him, without having every
account settled up; bad no mortgages on
any property he every made, to be fore
closed as soon as he got into a tight place.
He tells us how he cut himself clear from
all expensive and bad habits, from drink
and from smoking, and from tbe company
of the idle, and those who oared not to
improve their minds. This man made
money, literally by the million, and he
Ic-pt it. Yet he was absolutely princely
in his liberality. He gave away many
hundreds of thousands of dollars, and this
not merely to public charities, but private
ly and unostentatiously, because be loved
to give. At one time a minister of ano
ther denomination, with whom he was bnt
little acquainted, being about to travel in
Europe, he "took the liberty to enclose a
check for a thousand dollars," to assist in
defraying bis expenses. And he was con
stantly doing such things. He has left
one of tbe largest fortunes of New Eng
land, all made by himself, and s family
nobly trained in tbe exalted principles
which distinguished him. Public Ledger-
Sunday Labor.
In December last, William Lotz and
others, were brought before a Justice of
the Peace, in Mifflin Co., Pa., and summa
rily convicted under our Act of Assembly
of 1794, for having violated the Sabbath
day, in doing the work necessary to keep
in blast tbe furnace of Ettiog Graff & Co.
The case was taken to the Common Pleas
on a writ of Certiorari, where Judge Wil
son delivered an elaborate opinion, rever
sing the decision of the Justice. The
Judge says he is persuaded that the stop
page of tbe blast furnaces twenty-four
hours out of every seven days, would be
essentially fatal to the manufacture of iron
in this country. We bave read the opin
ion carefully, and might be convinced by
its reasonings, did not facts show Judjje
Wilson to be mistaken. The ronton Reg
ister, published in the heart of the iron re
gion of Ohio, thus comments on his deci
sion :
"Light can not havo entered 'Mifflin
county, Pa,' or if it has it can not bave
shone upon the eyes of Judge Wilson.
Robert Hamilton, of Pine Grove Furnace,
in this county, many -years since, clearly
demonstrated that a blast furnace can 'stop
twenty-four hours out of scvon days' with
out injuries consequent, &c, and Piue
Grove Furnace has stopped on the Sab
bath ever since Deo. 20, 184 4. It is need
less to add, perhaps, that Pine Grove has
been one of the moat successful furnaces
in this iron region.- Of the other eleven
furnaces in this county, two have not been
in blast for more than a year ; of tbe re
maining nine, all, we believe, stopped on
the Sabbath last season. ' Some of the
furnace companies leave the matter with
the principal hands, to stop or not as they
please."
The experiment, if such it can now be
called, of stopping a furnace on the Sab
bath, baa been successfully tried much
nearer Judge Wilson's home than Law
rence county, Ohio. Martin Bell, Esq.,
of Sabbath Rest, Blair Co., Pa., for the
last seven years has regularly avoided
working about bis furnace on tbe Sabbath,
and is convinced that he has gained by it
in a pecuniary point of view, as well as
morally. These facts reverse Judge Wil
son's theology as easily aa be reversed the
Justice's law. But, throwing the reli
gious question out of view, we believe one
day's rest out of every seven is a striot ne
cessitythat it is a great physilogioal fact,
that "the Sabbath was made for man."
Johnstown Echo.
Congressional.
Washisoto.v, March 20.
gCwATK. The Senate was crowded to
suffocation. A large number of ladies
bad come in early, crowding the gallery
and pre-oceupying the reporters seats,
thus rendering note-taking next to impos
sible, in consequence of the dense pressure
on the reporters. The two Senators from
Illinois were to speak on the two Reports
relative to Kansas.
After some unimportant business, Mr,
Douglas proceeded to reply to Mr.Trum
bull. Mr. D. regarded bis colleague's opening
tbe debate on the Kansas report, tbe other
day, as a violation of that courtesy which
gives the Chairman of a committee that
privilege. Among other points in tbe mi
nority report on Kansas affairs, be referred
to the charge that the Legislature of Kan
sas was a spurious body, and elected by
fraudulent and illegal votes, and the peo
ple of Kansas as invaded and conquered
by armed Missourians. Mr. Douglas said
it was admitted that in seven districts
there was illegal voting, and Gov. Reeder
denied the members their certificates for
that reason ; but in the other fifteen dis
tricts, there was no protest, nor proofs of
illegal voting. Then, admitting, for the
sake of argument, that tbe allegation was
true as to seven districts, there was a clear
majority of the Legislature legally elected,
and hence tbeir acts were binding. Tbe
majority report shows the fact that, after
the Legislature assembled at Pawnoe and
organized, a resolution was adopted, by
which every person whomsoever was au
thorised to contest tbe right of any mem
boi W.Uing a seat, on giving notice to the
sitting member. This was more than
three months after the alleged invasion.
If the people were so much intimidated as
has been said, it was to be supposed tbey
would have recovered from tbeir fright in
the course of three months. But at that
time no man was found who desired to
contest the seats of any of the fifteen
members ; and it was universally admitted
that the fact that Gov. Reeder had given
these certificates was conclusive regarding
tbeir election.
Gov. Reeder, however, has no doubt of
the illegality of the election of those fif
teen, but, as there was no one in those
districts to make the contest within the
time required, it was not his province to
reject tbem on mere rumor. It will be
recollected, too, that the spurious members
turned out all the Free Soil members, who,
at tbe second election, were sent from the
" seven" contested districts, leaving only
one Free Soil member, and he refused to
. T)ia iH of " contesting" tbe ma-
jorily of members before tbe very majority
iUeltU of one stnpe.ana juage ana jury
in their own ease! is a piece of impudence
worthy of Douglas only. Ed. Chron.
Mr. Douglas charged that the minority
had suppressed the evidence in order to
make out a case. That report declared tbe
Topeka Convention justifiable, on the
ground that, under a clause in the Consti
tution, the people had a right to assemble
peaoeably for the redress of tbeir grievan
ces. Mr. Douglas characterized the To
peka Convention aa aa act of rebellion,
and should it result in a bloody iwsue, it
would be high treason, and the traitors
ought to be banged.
Mr. Trumbull, in replying, said be
bad learned most of bis Democracy from
Mr. D., and had little thought, at tbe time,
that he was cherishing " Black Republi
canism," with which Mr. Douglas had re
cently charged him. He was sitting at
the people's gate, and would not bow
down and worship his colleague ; and if,
on the scaffold erected by Mr. Douglas for
bim, there thuuld be found another hang
ing, it would not be bis Mr. Trumbull's
fault. As to the absurd proposition of his
colleague that both should now resign
their office, he had only to say that tbe
people had sanctioned bim, recently ; first,
by electing him a Representative, aud then
a Senator. That certainly was a modest
proposition. Let tbe Senator himself re
sien. and if. after coins back to his con
stituents, be should be re-elected, be fMr.
Trumbull would join bim in a resignation.
Thus tbey would stand on equal terms.
The people of Illinois stand ou tbe Dem
ocratic platform, erected by the aid of Mr.
Douglas, and others, in 1850. The prop
osition to resign, reminded Mr. Trumbull
of the unsuccessful client in Court Hav
ing lost hit cast, he teas ready and asked
fur a new trial. Laughter.
Mr. Trumbull maintained that the Kan
sas Legislature was fraudently elected.
He said : My colleague speaks of baugiug
traitors, and thinks they may he found
without going to Kansas. If the people
there have committed errors, is it not in
consequence of falling into my colleague's
lead 7 Has it not been proclaimed in the
majority report, that tbe people shall sot
tie their affairs in their own way T If
they committed an error, no one was more
instrumental in bringing it about than my
colleague.
After replying to other points, be said
that when the question here was threaten
ing civil war and disunion, and the peace
and happiness of thirty millions at stake,
and tbe cause of republicanism throughout
tbe world involved, into what insignifi
cance do these petty squabbles sink I As
a member of the Senate, he hoped never
to be drawn into them again.
Cassius M. Clay's Failure. The
Cincinnati Gazette has been shown a pri
vate letter from Mr. Clay with reference
to bis failure, notioed a few days since.
He says his creditors bave allowed him to
go oa, and he will be able to pay all bis
debts snd have a handsome estate left.
He did not lose a dollar this season in the
pork trade.
CiBONICLE
MARCH 28, 1856.
Casslni IS. Clav.
A Southern correspondent of tbe Nor
thern Christian Advocate, gives the follow
ing as Cassius M. Clay's mode of manage
ing the Kentucky audiences by "moral
suasion."
He sends an appointment to a given
place to leoture at a certain time; perhaps
some of the natives will send word that he
will not be permitted to lecture there ; he
sends back word that he will lecture there
according to previous notice. The time
comes, a great crowd is collected to hear
the mob ; presently tbe lecturer comes.
He passes directly through tbe crowd,
mounts tbe forum, waves bis band for at
tention, all eyes are turned towards the
speaker. He commenoes with a flrm.clear,
and decided tone of voice tbe following
remarks :
Gentlemen, (says be,) I bave a few pre
liminaries to settle previous to entering
upon the main subject for discussion. I
want to make three short appeals to three
classes of persons, (when he holds up a
small Bible.) There gentleman, says he,
is the great charter record of human rights
on which all law and equality is based,
deserving the name of law, this is my ap
peal to the religious part of society, and
lays it down on tbe stand before him.
Then he holds up tbe Constitution of the
United States. Here gentlemen, says he,
is the bond of our Union, the noble Con
stitution of onr glorious Republic, which
says that all men are bora fro and jul,
with certain inalienable rights, ic, ic.
This is an appeal to gentlemen, to patriots
and to all Americana, and he places it
with his Bible before him. Then he puts
his hand into his pocket, and brings out
an enormous six shooter, holding it betore
the audience, he aaya s and hr, geatle
men.is a six shooter.every barrel of which
is heavily loaded with powder and cold
lead. This is my appeal to mobocrats,and
I will blow its contents through tbe heart
of the first man who offers to lay his hands
on me to silence me in my native State,
or gag free speech in my presence. This
he lays down upon the stand, with bis
two former appeals, ready for action, then
he commences a perfect storm against the
peculiar institutions, enough to wring the
sweat of old Kentucky from every pore.
By this time are all awed into submissive
sileuce. ..
"The Mother or Presidents." The
political ascendency of Virginia and the
activity of her leading men, are strikingly
exemplified in tbe fact that in no iustance
has there been a Presidential election, ex
cept once, in 1328, when there was not
one of her native born citizens in the field
either for the first or second office in the
gift of the people. Tbe exception was
when Jackson and Calhoun ran against
Adams and Rush.
It is estimated by somebody that the
clergy cost the United States six million
dollars per year; the criminals, twelve
millions ; the dogs, ten millions ; and the
lawyers, thirty-five millions.
Laugh at no man for his pug nose
you can't tell what may turn vp.
THE FARM
The Ciardrn Tlie Orchard.
Dr. Darlington on the Use of Lime.
" The quantity of lime per acre which
can be used advantageously varies with
the condition and original character of the
soil. Highly improved land will "bear a
heavier dressing than poor laud. On a
soil of medium condition, the usual dress
ing is forty or fifty bushels per acre. A
deep rich soil or limestone land in the
great valley, will receive seventy to eighty
(and I am told even one hundred) bushels
to the acre, with advantage. Ou very
poor land, twenty to thirty bushels per
acre is deemed most advantageous to com
mence with. It is usually repeated every
five or six years, i. e., every time the field
comes in turn to be broken up with the
plow ; and as the land improves, the quan
tity of lime is increased. The prevailing
practice here is to plow down the sod or
lay in the fall or early in the spring ; har
row it once, and then spread the lime,
(previously slaked to a powder) preparato
ry to plowing the field in corn. Every
field iu rotation, receives this kind of
dressing; and as our farms are mostly di
vided into about half a dozen fields, the
dressing, of course, comes once in six
years, more or less, according to the num
ber of tbe fields. Some enterprising far
mers, however, give their fields an inter
mediate dressing on tbe sod, after they
come into grass ; which I consider an ex
cellent practice, tending rapidly to improve
tbe condition of the land."
In speaking of the state in which tbe
lime is applied, Dr. Darlington says ;
" It is usually obtained in a caustic
state from the kilns, deposited in heaps in
the fields where it is to be spread, and
water sufficient to slake it to a powder is
then thrown upon it As soon as slaked
it is loaded into carta, and men with shov
els distribute it as equally as possible over
tbe ground. It is generally considered
best to put it on the ground wh 1
fresh, or warm. a. r" ' d
certainly easier to spread it equally while j
YEAR XII....WIIOLE NUMBER, 624.
At $1,50 Per
in a light pulverized state, than after it
gets much wet with rains. I am inclined
to think, too, it is better for the land ap
plied fresh from the kiln."
In answer to a question put to bim as
" to what crop lime is most advantageous
ly applied," and " at what seasons," Dr.
Darlington remarks :
' It is usually applied, a already inti
mated, to the crop of Indian corn, in the
spring of the year. Occasionally
it is applied preparatory to sowing wheat
in autumn. When used as a top-dressing,
on tbe sod, it is generally applied in the
fall say November. The prevailing im
pression is, that it is most advantageously
applied to the Indian oorn erop ; aud hence
tbe general practice. But the truth is, it
is highly advantageous at any and at all
seasons, and our shrewd old farmers have
a saying: Get your lime on for your corn
crop if you can but be sure that you get
it on the land some time in tbe year."
The mode of spreading and incorpora
ting the lime, he describes as follows :
" The lime is spread as equally as possi
ble over the field, and tbe ground is well
harrowed iu different directions, in order
to incorporate the lime with the boil."
Farmers' Work for Early Spring.
March, fitful as it is, briugs its duties.
If the frost should get out of the ground,
tbe latter part of the month, you can
commence trenchtxo the garden. Do it
thoroughly, and work in horee manure, if
you have it, to the depth of two feet Tbe
temperature of the soil is raised by the
fermenting mannre, and all excess of mois-
the seeds.
t'i.:.... M. ,t,. fn, Mrl
. ,....... Jnian A.til Kflll'
i i, ' .
crops, suu iof a KVWU u si." -
'
crop the same season.
Seed Sowiso, quite likely, will be pos
sible the last of the month. Radishes,
in as early a. the ground is in a condition " " broadcast as equally as possi
u. l.j M..t- ..- .-..t 1.1. .n ! "We, reserving a small quantity of tha
i r . v,
sow early. Peas may also be sown tbi
I nn.tli Tha 17-ii-lv .TunA ftiwl TVinca A 1-
IUUUIHi ' J
bert are good varieties.
Onions may be set out for rarripes,ar.d
for seed. This is a good crop to grow
' with carrots sowing the latter between
j the rows about the first of J uoe, and leave
I the ground to tbe succession crop.
! Cakti.no out Makers should be at
1 tended to this month. It is an advantage
' to cart out upon the frozen ground at least
! a part of the barn cellar stores. Make the
beaps large, and cover tbem with loam,
mixed with plaster of Paris to prevent
j evaporation. Do not spread tbe manure
' until you are ready to plow it in.
Cellars and Oct-houses should now
be attended to. The filth and waste mat -
1 ter that has accumulated from tho winter
store of vegetables should now be remov-
I ed. Sort over the potatoes, reserving the
i the middling size for seed. Sell what you
1 have to dispose of. Clear up the poultry
bouse. Tut eleau fresh hay tntathe nfsts. , evaporates from tbe surface, and they aro
Feed the poultry with cooked vegetables, , ready for the table. The result willaston
mixed with warm meal, aud a little fresh J i,u those who try it for the first time, and
meat occasionally. they will never return to the old method
Clover Seed can be best own toward 0f boiling them with the tkins on."
the latter part of this month, when the
snow is gono, and before frezing nights
are over. Sow it upon the sliphtly frozen
cround, on a calm morning. The surface
j of the soil is then cra.-ked into crevices,
j into which the seeds fall, and when thaw
i ing takes place they are covered in a most
; perfect manner. A crop of clover plowed
j under when it is at its full prowth, or just
at the time of blooming, w one of the.
cheapest and best fertilizer.
Plaster can also be sown this month
upon o.a pastures, , p. ...wuKr. .
i i . i .i . n..
so.Is that show its eUects, it is a procaine
investment !
Implements AsnTooLf. Let all tliee '
. - . : i
n j j e
i ' in orJer- 1,0 U now- If ou ,:,rt n?
: na ov itniniin ntrftin nn,i srfs ir pvurrniuti'
good tools, bny them, aud have toem al.
rcad-
Sheep will need special attention. Let
mem nave a piacnoi snciivrfiu .imiuu:
: can resort in the cold storms iu this month.
Give them an occasional lutrs of root? cut
Cue, or a little grain.
Yocno Stock should also have partic
ular attention. The first year of an ani
mal's life is its most important year. Do
not turn them out into the wooui or P - ' -
tures, as soon as the snow is off. There
is very little nourishment in the shadow
of a snow bank.
Milk Cows. Good food and plenty of
it, brings large fine calves, udders, and
brimming pails of milk in summer; meal
and cut feed with roots will pay.
liuEEMXO Sows. Take care of tbe ex
pectant mothers. Give them plenty of
room, and keep them in good thriving
condition. They should not be allowed
to fatten. A little animal food occasion
ally, and a little salt in the feed is of ad
vantage a short time before they drop
tbeir voung. Look well to the atyes.
Working Oxes. Tbey must have full
feed in order to perform the labors. A
pair of cattle in full flesh make light work
of plowing.
l'LANTisa T' '5 ,b """"a "'is
month, and get the bones and compost.
A bole six feet across and two feet deep,
will pav better than any sma!!" Loir. If
Year, always is Adtanck.
you can find bones readily, put in a bushel
to a tree, scattering them in with the com
post They will pay interest for twenty
years to come. Plant some shade trees
this spring without fail.
Hiri.no Labor is attended to this
month. Be sure and have enough of it
Farmers err in employing too small a force.
If they bave work enough, it is just a
good economy to hire three men for tua
season, as it is to hire one. Secure the
best labor, even if you have to pay mora
for it
HOT REUS.
Some gardeners make their beds -m tha
level ground, but it is always safest to
make them in pits from eighteen inches
to twe feet deep ; in order to do this, tha
pits should be dug in autumn, or a heap
of dang may be deposited on the gTOund
intended for the beds before the frosts set
in, and good earth may be obUiaed from
the pits without difficulty.
Tbe frames should be made of giol
sound planks ; the back plaaks may ba
two feet wide, an 1 the end ones may be so
sloped as to make fifteen-inch plauk da
for the front A fraoi ealcuUted for four
sashes, of three feet iu width by six in
length, as above described, should be near
ly tuin.-a foet long, anl about six broil
at the to,-.
The frime being sat over the pit, anl
properly fatened. fresh dung BhoulJ bo
spread regularly in the pit to the depth of
twenty or twenty-four inches; if tbe dung
be in a good beating condition, cover it
six or eight inches deep with mould, then
! 'J on the Esne8 an V10 t&e e& froni
the inclemency of the weather. In
two
or three days the rank steam will pass o;T;
.... . .
I : t.-n 1. MMMim tn stir tha m-vi! 1
1 L Wilt lULli wo u.... ..j
before the seed ba sown, to prevuut tha
growth of yonng weeds that may be ger-
! minaiins then sow the seed either in shal-
; warm mould to b sown lightly over tha
, , , , -.
secLBruIyman's Gardiner' Assistant.
How to Cook Potatoes.
Potatoes will, in a month, become with
crcd, or raxy, aa J wben the cook does no
fully understand how to Vil a potato and,
few of them do tha favorite vegetaMo
falls very mnch in onr estimation. A paper
in yankee land, bas published a :ecret iu
boiling old potatoes, communicated to it
ty a " ermont woman, who, it s;:y-t,
j " has surprised ns by making old potatoes
: as good as new, dry, mealy, and fresh, and
; disclosed to us the process she puts tliem,
1 through to effect a desirable result Tha
j potatoes are pared and put to soak in coM
; water from four to six hours ; then dropped
. into water which is already boilitig au
' essential point; and a little salt added ti
i mter improves them. Take them from
, the fire the moment they are done; pour
1 off all the water, let them stand uncovered
, iu the kettle over the fire till the water
We hop? all our housekeeper readers,
will try this plan prove it and enjuy
the luxury.
Cheap and Excellent Candles.
The following receipe I bave tried twice,
and liud it ail that it is cracked up to be.
I bave no doubt that it would have been
worth more than J20 to me,if I had Viowu
i it twenty years ago. Most farmers have
ISUl.US Ol Millie Ul Uil.J
cm be made into good candles at a trilling
...?. e . 4 .i;..- ...... .. -i.:..i.
expense.
j fc bn(h falw anJ krJ j,
t fc Mm
I staiiding tii j heat Lost, aul burning quito
as well, and eivinu as good liuut as t.iiiov
. . . .
j ones. DirtUioiis t-r makiDi: goo 1 can-
die, from lard :-For 11 lbs. of lard, take
j jr of-fallpu,rP) ,nJ oue lb. of ,;um .
I mix and pu'.vt-riz ", then dissolve thum ia
j j f b ., WilUr;ronr tUa C0IU.
pi'uud iuto the lard before it is rpito all
niel:cd; ttir the whole until it boi!; skim
off what rises; let it simmer U'i!il the wi.
ter is all boiled out, tr till it ceases t i
tLruw oiT steam ; pour tlT the lard as 0n
as it is douc, and clean the boiler while it
is hot. And it the caudles are to be ruu
j iiu uny commiDce immediately ; if M U
dipped, let the lard cool first to a cuke,
and then treat it as you would tallow.
Sprits of Turpentine for Ulack Kntrt.
Mr. A. K. Porter, la a communication,
ly bim in the Sew England Farmrr, re
commends th application of spirits of tur
pentine as a remedy for the Llaei knot
in plum trees. lie siys that a friend ft
nsp.l it in tha following manner. He
was at work in bis garlen and abaut to
cut down a pluiub tree t!-. :t wai h-ilf cov
ered with bUct knot '-Havin-" si: 1 ha
"some spirits of turpentiue on band, ho
bethought hinwIf to make an expeiiuier.t
on this tree bci"'ro destroying it. He cut
the knots with a sharp kuifc down to tha
wood, and made a thorough application to
turpentine. Months passcd,the tree lived,
liiJ well, aud u.3 black knoi was destroy,
ed. Since then he bus been very sueecsa.
fill with thin remedy, and so have o'.hfiJ
who tare fcll jwcd bis evr 'Is.'
was pwuvipiw ii'iucp'j