LEWIS BURG
CHRONICLE
BY O. N. WORDEN & J. R. CORNELIUS.
Ax Indepekdext Family axd News Journal.
YEAR XII.-.WIIOLE NUMBER, C13.
LEWISBURG, UNION CO., PA, FRIDAY, JANUARY 11, 185G.
At $1,50 Peb Year, always ix Advancz.
gljc Chronicle.
FRIDtY, J AX. II, IS56.
$120,000 in jeopardy!
The Harrisburg Telegraph, o( 2Gth nit.,
states that a recent attempt was made upon
the Slate Treasury, involving a loss of a
large sum of money to the tax-payers. It
appears that several professional borers
that despicable class who hang around the
teat of government to "make money" at
any sacrifice of honor or honesty preten
ded to have discovered a Legislative Act,
materially reducing the tares upon Banks
f tin. Commonwealth. In consideration
f a lanre contin-rencv. those borers nro-
ceeded to test the question, several of the
mooied Institutions demanding that the
alleged over-payments of previous years
should be credited as an offset to accruing 1
taxes. The first appeal was to Mr.BANKS,!tLolist. M thpy nccJ Bot wonder.. it
Auditor General, who gave his opinion in ; ,,., ,com(J., unti, it is ,ga;a uecut for
their favor, releasing the Banks of a sum : Thcr0 ,re LuD(lred dullare due
estimated at 8120,000 ! Their next labor , QVOr 4lhe West Dd W9 jnlend
was with Mr. Slifeb, State Treasurer.who j nQt tQ iDcrclS0 h f ,
However uov u...y re.ut.cu lu .now tueir
i el. 3 - .
Claims, oui uiea a written argument mieny
demolishing tueir pTtttauainnfl. In cases of
disagreement between the Auditor G cneral
and the State Treasurer, the Governor is
to decide; but finding that Pollock was
gainst them, they deferred the prosecu
tion of their scheme until a new State
Treasurer should be elected In place of
Col. Slifcr. Unfortunately for tliein.how-
CVCr, it is Stated that Anditor-Gen. Bauks, 1
. , . - , e , . ;
in bis final review of the whole question in j
the light thrown upon it by the discussion,
has modified his opinion, and now stands
shoulder to shoulder with the Slate Tress- !
urer in defence of the tax payers' interests ,
and against the attempted depredations of
the agents of "soulless corporations." In j
this emergency, they quietly yield in the j
hope and eipectation that the next State j
Treasurer and the next Auditor General 1
will be of their own selection, and grant j
their demands. In that case, the Gover- j
Dor's interference would be of no avail.
It now remains to be seen whether the ;
Legislature in the selection of Treasurer, ; Wtienearththey"drearh-d.theyaouhttheslee)er,sroomf
(- i . - . i i And with dazzling light dispelled the midnight gloom;
and the respective lames m their choice .. ... 1 . ... . . t
1 I Ity his side tbey stood, and whtapervd in his ear
of candidates, will guard the Treasury in j Welcome news from heaven, (too soft tor me to hear;)
this matter. In the mean time, the Log-; Tb'.u tb' kfc"nrJ, br"" ' -,th ""'' of
i And over his head they held a sparkling crown,
ialature can by a Declarative Act put the ; S weelly he slumoered, hapy dr. ams fill.-J bis mind,
matter at rest bevoud the control of any c.reies.iy with his lortapi.yed it.- racing wind.
; So pweetly he dreamed, no ang.-l thought could tell
man Or men. j H bat it w.u his smiling features told so well.
" ' i N.iw tbey flap their wings and reach their misty eara
KCoOped in Our editorial and printo- Waving in the air their flery, blazing stars ;
rial and telerrraphorial den, watching the 'ar. far towards heaven l saw their torches shining.
cr . w , 1 uo- pnre white robes their graceful forms entwining.
throngs of horses (skimming along Market : s,w from bu .ion he jk.-, and sadiy weep-.
Square, followed by red noses uf all siics ' a, the ebiii of death oW him .lo.iy creep,;
- , Toward faavrn bin i-ven are turned with ferrent gltt,
enveloped ia the roben of rnrious deceased An(, iD tht bweny look a thought betray
denizens of the forest, there arose ppcuta-! a-though xme lisping aopei were hot-ring near,
. .. ,,w. cm ri ChaatiDg twtret music to his liiten.rtjr ear.
neously to our lips a A inter Sleigh Soog And now bia treBbIinff iip mnT to gf)tukt
of "ailld laDg pyne." We have never ! And wilh brist rrimwn blushea h pallW rlwek;
. , .. . ,1 . i .i 1 Ilia wat-tv-d form tremble as though it would St
beard t in this region, and therefore give To artt it, 0ni-u know iu destiny.
not the simple air, but the Words from f.z.-l are his eyes, and in vacancy they star
... nlltinn nf fnnrtPfn irpar. .mno r,w ' tb"ab ma" ' "ere.
j b J
A WINTER SOXG.
Winter, glorious Winter reigns,
In robes of spotless white,
And earth is bound with icy chains
Of brilliancy and light;
The snow, the fair and lovely snow,
Around us now it lies,
A mantle pure of light below.
Just fallen from the skies.
moitcs.
A welcome, then, to winter's reign
Upon the earth below.
For life and joy are in its train
Across the silvery snow.
Resplendent is the glittering sheen
The beauteous day displays
As oVr the wide and dazzling scene
Shine forth the sun's bright rays.
The costly jewels, rich and rare.
Afar in eastern mine.
Can never with the gems compare
That sparkling 'round us shine.
A welcome, then, Ac.
And when at night the jeweled sky
Vies with the glittering frost.
And envious Cynthia weeps on high
The glory she has lost,
It thrills the heart to ride a!on
The fields of boundless white,
merry bells peal forth their Jong
To cheer as on our flight!
A wlcome, tho, Ac.
Da. Kajje'8 Arctic ExrF.niTios.
TV Kate is busilv emnloveJ Ou Lis wnrlr
describing his last Arctic expedition, and , a8c cnaclt;,J lu"uws :
efforts are being made by Messrs. Childs ' "tut d ordaint that during
. . 1 , , .the reine or ber maist blissit Magestie, ilk
k Peterson, to have it out early the pre-! fourth Jcar knowu M year, ilk maid
sent year. The estimated cost of its , en layde of baith high and low cstait shall
production is $20,000. There will be ' hae liberty to bespeak ye man she likes ;
twenty fine steel engravings, including ' albeit, gif he refuses to take bir to be his
, r j .
portraits of Dr. Kane and Mr. Grinnell
2 volumes, at 85 each.
(Correspondence of the Lewieburg Chronicle.
Dayto!, O., Dec. 2, 1855.
Enclosed please find a promise to pay SI
nd 17 of Uncle Sam's post office boy?, iu
eichango for vour valuable weekly for '50.
rwi .... . ,
Aoe wronme nas oeec most welcome Somc of the Dcmocratie presses, we
Yiaitor eleven months, never missing once, ouservc, are already electing their Tresi
coming on Tuesday mornings or evening; Jcatori and countirjg bi, majori.
It would really have done you good to see ! tJ0Q A vcry harmIcs8 aujugc.
our little girls, Mrs. T., and even myself, meDt . but the Opposition can do the same;
all on tip-toe, each waiting for a chance-1 aQdi fw a) one knows how ,he con.
I doubt whether it is folded iu less time i test wil, cnd for of all thing3 popuar
than it is unfolded. wMm9 are rrnverbialiy nDCCruin, as the
It was amusing to witness at a safe dis-, ,t five Presjdcntia, elcctions afford ,bun.
Unce the cannonading between yourselves ! dant pract-lcal demon8lratioD.
and the allied Timet and Star with quin-
ine pills ; but happy to see the battle is ' " TATE I'apkb" is the name of a 20
o'er, the victory won, and success yours, j DJ 15 BBeet issue1 in Harrisburg, devoted
Although we came here entire strangers j t0 the depreciation of James Buchanan
eleven months ago, we have found good, ! for the Presidency, and to the exaltation
kind friends, aud feel ourselves quite at ! of Franklin Pierce. With such an antag
fcorns. My business is promising. j onist " tni"' BrCK 8nra of Pcnnsylva-
The weather had bcen rry pleasant liil , B'1 'D ,liE N"tional Conventiorj
lust SabLatb, when it gut very cold. On
Christmas, wa had about three inches of
Enow, and the cold almost zero sleighing
middling good, a thing not common here.
More snow to-day.
All the Halls here were engaged and
j splendidly decorated with Fairs for Fire
Companies, Churches, or some other money-wanting
society and all well attended
and patrouixed by the 20,000 inhabitants.
B. C. T.
Our correspondent's paper is not sent
! any more regular than any other one, and
j during the last year we hardly ever missed
i a s,DS'e J- "
6cneral answcr to a11 tb8 complaints to US
L :t T 1 1 Tl - . . .
about the "regularity or non-reception of
our paper the fault is not with us.
BSWe again remind friends at a oist-
i ance. that when the time for winch tbeir
i .
rtaner is ranl. has rxmreil. it is Ktrnvlr nff
, iUTeStments." CuUO.MCLE.l
J
For the Lewisburg Chronicle.
VISION.
II LI II LI SC.
His filtering Tele how fble now it grows!
Tls drowned by ererj gentle breeze thmt blows.
Alasl hoi d-ath made bis mark upon that brow
Loftly in tbe grave bis noble furm to bow,
T.i sleep 'midst the tombs of tha slumbering dead,
Where no sound is heard save the sad mourner's tread,
the creaking of boughs nuniug or.r bis srara,
Or the weeping of willow as th.-y sadly waTe I
By ,,, ,jd? , stooJ th, vtf,mg rtorm
Yeutirjg its maddi-ncd raga 'gainst his hi-lpleu form.
A he calmly Blej. t, without a iar or sigh,
HVtrn;in no fear tit iluath, though to soon to dlf.
Till midnight, 1 sttMxl beside hii dying bvd.
With a thousand TiioDs pawing through m j head
Visions of the part, of happy hours I'd cpent
'In bright, boish dreaaiR," as when to riiool I went.
By falipuc u'ercciue, I laid me down to sltpt
Ani bid puartian njpl tlfir Tigiln keep;
Sijcn I clo-ed my eyes In sleep, aod found ifpoaa
In g!i dn ains of hnaren. aud end of mortal woes;
I uw from ht-aten, gollen clouds desrrnlinfc.
Aud torn oVr their sides hosts of angels binding
u?ts afire host, on clouds I could not number,
SweH1 he riumb,rwl, dreams of hn tilled his mind.
The hosts descended, but left their ears bi-hind;
Tiiey flappi'd their gorreous winirs, left their aloudj ears
Lighting all the heaTeus with tnrcbes made of stars.
To b-ar towards heaven the last anil expiring breath
Of one falling asleep in the arms of death.
Midnight is pav.-injr the ilnor is opened wide.
Now stands his mother, a-weeping hy bis aide;
Bitter tears she shrds bj bia dviug bed
Fhe smoothes the rough pillow ftir his arhing heai.
A!l now is still as still as forgotten graves,
Or the mirrored orean with its sleeping wares.
All is as motionless as the rieeping air
When imposing on wcarj wings everywhere.
But, hist! methinks aain he tries to speak,
And gliteniug tear-drops trickle down bis cheek;
Xow from on his hand he takes a ring of hair.
With its golden claxp, and names engraven there;
Sajing, M.itlier! drareflt mother, should I die,"
(And a trembling tear-drop sparkled in bia eye,)
"Oive this to ber, whose name it bears with Bin,
And kiss those art" u- ners witk thine."
Gently ur..n her breast be laid bia head.
And did not move for now his soul bad fled
lie did not more, though long she cried aloud
In melting tones he slept beneath his shroud
For he bad breathed his last, deparUng breath,
And the Bleep he slept was the sleep of death.
Leap Year. The girls will have fine
times this year, if they choose to exercise
the "prerogative" accorded to them in
leap year six centuries ago, and sanctioned
by custom ever since. If they could in
duce Congress to enact some such act as
the following, passed by the Scotch Par.
liamcnt in the year of grace 128S, they
might get many a gay bachelor in a bad
place. The gallant Scotchmen of that
1 1
wif, he shall be mulcted in ye sum of ane
pundis (I j) or less, as his estait moi be,
except nd gif he can make it appear that
he is bctrotbit to ane ither woman, that
he shall then be free."
Hurra for the Scotch of six centuries
ago, and " woman's rights 1" Heading
Juurnal.
Now Oil as ill lwut th war.
And what they flew arb other for."
"Tha Klnf of France, with f.rty thounnd nvnt
Uarcb4 up the hill aod then marehd down again
The Kansas Treaty.
When the Border Ruffians retreated
from before Lawrence back into Missouri,
where they belong, they fabricated and
put in circulation various stories to cloak
their discomfiture aud to hide their chag
rin. They had found out that the Free
State men would fight, if need be; Gen.
Lane, when summoned to surrender his
weapons, gallantly replied that he would
compromise by keeping the guns and giving
the ruffians the contents thereof. They
bad found, moreover, that Gen. Lane bad
not served through the Mexican campaign
without acquiring a formidable knowledge
of the art of war ; that bis dispositions
were well made, and were likely to be
maintained. Such a reception they bad
not calculated on. Then their whiskey
was exhausted, and the cold weather set
ting in, they beat a precipitate retreat.
Meanwhile, Gov. Shannon, finding that
be had of his own volition duplicated the
ass-ship discriminating Nature conferred
upon him, by bis complicity with the ruf
fians, made bis way to Lawrence, and
-r x - p-4--- tha ueoclo
there, which, issued in a solemn compact,
we give in full below :
Whereas, There is a misunderstanding
between the people of Kausas, or a portion
of them and the Governor thereof, arising
out oi tuo rescue near mcaiory i oiut oi
a citizen under arrest, and some other
matters; aud Whereas, A stroug appre
hension exists that said misunderstanding
may lead to civil strife aud bloodshed ;
and Whcreas,It is desired by both Governor
bhanuou, and the people ot Lawreuce and
vicinity, to avert the calamity so disastrous
to the iutercstsof the Territory aud Union,
and to place all parties iu a correct position
befure the world,
Now Therefore, As it is agreed by the
said Governor bhauuon, and the uuder
signcd people of Lawreuce, uow assembled,
tbut the matters of dispute be settled as
follows, to wit :
We, the said citizcDS of said Territory,
protest that the said rescue was made with
out our knowledge or consent ; but if any
of our citizens were engaged, we pledge
ourselves to aid in the execution of auy
legal process against them ; that we Lave
no knowledge ui the previous, present or
iTO.-MCtlve existence of any organization
iu the said Territory or the resistance of
the laws, and that we have not designed to
resist the legal service of any criminal
processes thcreiu, but pledge ourselves to
aid in the execution if the laws, wheu
called on by proper authority, iu the Town
or vicinity of I.avreuee. and that we Will
use all our influence in preserving order
therein ; and we declare that we are now
as we ever have beeu, ready at any time to
aid the Governor iu securing a posse for j
the execution of such process. 1 rovided.
that any person thus arrested in Lawrence
or vicinity, while a foreijrn force shall re- j
main in the Territory, shall be duly exam
ined before a L'uitcd Slates District Judge,
of taid Territory, in said town and admit
ted to bail; and provided, further that
Gov. Shannon agrees to u?e his influence
to secure (o the citizens of Kansas Terri
tory remuneration for any damages sus
tained, or unlawful depredation, if any
such have been committed by the sheriff's
posse in Douglas county. And further,
that Governor Shannon states that he has
not called upon person residents of any
other States, to aid iu the execution of the
laws, and such as are here in this Territo
ry are here of their own choice, and that
he Lao not any authority or legal power to
do so, nor will he exercise any such power,
aud that he will not call on any citizen of
another State, who may be here. That
we winh it understood that we do not
herein express acy opinion as to the valid
ity of the enactments of the Territorial
Legislature.
(Signed) WILSON SHANNON.
C. ROBINSON.
J. II. LANE.
To CIiarleM Robinson and J. IT. Lane:
You are hereby authorized and directed to
take such measures, and use the enrolled
force underyour command in such manner,
for the preservation of the peace and the
protection of persons and property of the
people of Lawrcnco and vicinity, as in
jour judgment shall best secure that end.
(Signed) WILSON SHANNON.
Lawrence, Dec. 9, 1855.
By this agreement, Gov. Shannon repu
diates all connection with the ruffians, and
in bis capacity as the chief Executive offi
cer of the territory authorizes the Free
State men to keep up their military organ
ization for the preservation of public order
and the protection of tbeir individual
rights. lie also promises to exert his in
fluence to procure the Free State men full
indemnity for whatever losses they have
sustained at the bands of the ruffians.
By this pact, the Free State men gain
every thing, and surrender nothing. Of
course the ruffians are vexed with them
selves, and angry with the Governor; but
tho iuclemency of season will prevent any
further demoustratious from them for the
present, however much tbey may be rein
forced with men or grog.
It remains to be seen what Congress will
do about the matter between this and
spring. Not much will it do, we opine.
From the north there are so many dough
faces liko Fuller that Congressional help
can not be relied on. A thousand, more
of Sharp's rifles, with a man behind each,
will do the businns . Iknesdule Dmocrat.
Postal Reform.
Everybody has his private and particu
lar quarrel with the post-office. We all
lose our letters; we all waste precious time,
and more precious temper, over the per
petual breaks and defects of oar postal
system ; but few of us are fully convinced
of the fact, that the existence of such a
system is a disgrace to the country. We
imagine the evils to be less in extent and
less remediable than they really are. Mr.
Pliny Miles' capital Postal Reform ought
to change all thi. Mr. Miles has resided
several years in London, and he has been
connected with our own Post-office Tj-
partment He, therefore, speaks of that
which he doth know ; and the results of
bis investigations ought to scandalize us
into energy.
According to Mr. Miles, we are now
enduring a postal system which worries
government, vexes and injures the public,
demoralizes the officials, and pleases no
body. At the same time, various European
nations, and especially Great Britain, are
quietly enjoying a postal system which
enriches the government, serves and bene
fits the public, controls the officials, and
satisfies everybody. We commend these
facts to the consideration of all our read
ers, exceptioB .ia encased to deliver
orations on the coming Fourth of July.
In 1854, the expenses of the United
States Post-office, for carrying 120,000,000
ieUer3 amounted to two millions of dol
lars over and above the receipts of the
Department. Of these letters, about fuur IlKRMAl'UROliiTiittY. "O, ma, look I"
milliont, or one in thirty, died, and were j said a little girl walking to church, point
damned to the flames at Washington city. ting to some one before them, "there's a
In the same year, the expenses of the
British Post-office, for conveying 450,000,
I 000 letters, amounted to six millions of
dollars less than the receipts of the De-
partment ; and of these letters rather less
than Jive thousand finally died, and were
laid aside to await the chances of revival.
In 1854, New York, with a population
of three quarters of a million, had to con
tent itself with one post-office and that
a dirty, shabby, inadequate den, far from
the centre of nonnlation.
- - g g
Tn tho earn ft rear. Tnntlnn. with
popu-
latinn nnlv thrice a. We. waa served l,v
aV hundred DOst-nfficM.
J T
TIia almnlr. truth i thai arm, tirn hnn.
L I
dred thousand inhabitants of New Y'ork
! live so far from the post-office as to be not
: n,r,ch better off, in that respect, than the
people of some small country district which
the mail reaches once a week I
In 1854, the " drop letters," or those
local circulation," amounted to
715,000) wLioh, at one cent, brought in a
revenue of 7.150 dollars 1
In ,ho game yeaT) the d icttorg. of
, - ... r.ia l ...
' .... , , ,
000,000 ; which, at a penny each, brought
in a revenue of 2,225,000, of which sum
$1,500,000 was clear net profit 1
Mr. Miles states, that in London he has
ofien seut a letter by post to a distant part
of the city, and received a reply within
three hours. Should we not think the
millennium at hand in New York if such
a thing conld be said of our post ?
Mr. M iles does not content himself with
attacking this or that abuse, the senseless
regulation of compulsory prepayment, or
our equally senseless registration system ;
he shows conclusively that the only condi
tions on which we can hope for a decent,
orderly, and economical Post-office, are the
following : 1. The abolition of franking.
2. A uniform rate of letter-postage of two
cents on all single letters j and a uniform
method of rating and weighing all letters.
3. Letter-carriers and receiving-offices in
all large towns. 4. A method of remit
ting money by post-office money-orders.
5. A prompt return to the owners of all
letters not prepaid. lie calls upon our
merchants, and our leading men generally,
to stir at once in this matter, with decis
ion. We echo his call with all oar heart ;
and, with him, we will not despair of the
triumph of facts and common sense.
Putnam' t Magazine.
II. C. IIickok, Esq. 'The untiring in
dustry of this gentleman, who is deputy
Superintendent of our common Schools in
Pennsylvania, in behalf of the system in
this State, mast be truly gratifying to
every friend of education. Besides per
forming the duties devolving upon him at
his desk, in the ablest manner, he is con
tinually visiting different counties in the
State, explaining the School Law, and
giving encouragement to Directors, Teach
ers and Scholars, to persevere in the
cause of edcation. It is universally con
ceded at Uarrisburg, that no one has been
found better adapted to the post, than Mr.
IIickok. Muncy Luminary.
Jennt Likd. "I will sing for the
benefit of the poor here," sad Mad. Jenny
Lind Goldschmidt when in Vevey, a
small town in Switzerland. But before
the day appointed for the concert arrived,
the Nightingale became hoarse and oould
not sing. "The poor cannot wait day,"
said the singer, and she sent them 2000
francs.
An Irishman in Baltimore, last week,
in default of better liquor, drank a pint of
camphene, and died in about three boors,
tfeirThe State Teachers' Association
met in Philadelphia last week, in 1 was
well attended. Tlfe meeting of the Asso
ciation was bronght to a close on Friday
evening by a splendid banquet, prepared
by the friends of education in Philada.
as a compliment to the delegates from
the interior of the State. We notice that
Col. Curtin, Secretary of the Common
wealth, and II. C. Ilickok, Esq., Deputy
Superintendent of Common Schools, were
present and made excellent addresses on
the subject of Common Schools on the
occasion. The next semi annual meeting
of the Association is to be held at Will-
lamsport, and the annual meeting at liar-
. riaburg. Manrg Luminary.
The Missouri Legislature has adjourned,
after passing not less than 770 acts.
Among them was one to loan to the Pa
cific Railroad Company the sum of 250,
000 for four months, to meet the imme
diate wants of the Company ; and another
which prevents the selling or giving away
of liquor on Sunday, on penalty of for
feiture of license, and inability to obtain a
new one for two years.
Sgv-Onc-balf of ugliness is caused by
want of ventilation. The less oxygen in
. a room, the more dark becomes our blood ;
i and the darker our blood becomes, the
more we take to irritation and ill-nature.
The only reason that printers aro more
crabbed than other folka. is. becausn ay
allow a big coal stove to rob them of their
! 8aare ol 0 Wn-
. e
woman with a hat on ! and see, she's got
on boots, too isn't that what they call a
'strong-minded woman V " "Hush 'my
child no, that's only a weak-minded man
with a shawl on !"
Ges. Shields. In response to an in
vitation from tho Shields Guards of Chi
cago to be present at their annual ball,
Gen. Shields, writing from Gairbanlt, Rice
I e?' Minncsot te that it is impos-
"u"1 luI lu B,lena ms "wnole llme
j and ener beiDS employed at present in
: commencing the world anew.
Tn l .1.. -
u ...v 4ii,uvu lattiM.lUUSUllillia UUilU J
! k. :,. 1 t.
iwc muni, n.-ar WUUUCU UU.LU 111 SUUes.
the winter, wear wooden bottom shoes.
The result is, that the French army is less
; afflicted with toothache and rheumatism
than any army in tho world. A wooden
bottom shoe is always dry a fact that
should always give them preference.
It is strange that any family, as a mea-
j sure 01 ecunomy. "ull be without a
newspaper. Children see the world
cheaply at home, in a newspaper, without
the danger of bad association or the ex
pense of travel. Richmond Express.
Bga.lt should be known that s small
quautity of vinegar will generally destroy
any insect that may find its way into the
stomach ; and a little salad oil will kill
any insect, that may enter the ear.
A couple were married in Grccnbnsb,
New York, last week, whose united ages
were one hundred and sixty-two years. !
Whether they got the consent of their:
parents is not known.
THE FARM:
The Garden The Orchard.
Deterioration of our Domestic Fowls
BY INTRODUCING FOREIGN SPECIES.
The small amount of poultry exhibited '
at nearly all the agricultural exhibitions
during the past eeason,satisfactorily proves
that the strange mania which of late years
has manifested itself for unnatural crosses I
in our domestic fowls, and which has been
so appropriately designated as the "Hen
Fever," has at last run out. Its effects,
however, we fear, are destined to remain
for some time in a deterioration of our na
tive stock, and the introduction of a hyb
rid, or cross breed, inferior in every re
spect to their progenitors.
This subject has recently been brought
before the Boston Society of Natural His
tory by Dr. Knceland, well-known as a
naturalist and physiologist. He states
that it is at the present time a general
source of complaint all over the - Eastern
States, (and the same is doubtless true
elsewhere,) on thc part of the farmers, who
in times past had plenty of eggs and to
spare from a small number of common
fowls, that since the genereljntroduction
of the foreign breeds, tbey have found
themselves with their ''improved stock"
unablo to procure any thing like their
usual supply of eggs from tho samo num
ber of birds ; and that they have not only
raised the birds at the expense of several
dollars a pound, but have been obliged to
buy eggs for family nse. This has be
come such a source of annoyanee and pe
cuniary loss, that it deserves to be consid
ered. It is a natural consequence of for
cing birds from different countries and of
different origins to propagate a hybrid off
spring, for this very reason prone to de
generation, which is increased by the im
possibility of crossing the hybrids by the
supposed pure originals. The admixture
of different original species, and breeding
"in and in," have been carried beyond the
limits fixed by nature, and deterioration is
the result.
Such a conclusion was indeed to have
been expected, since it is a principle
which it may be considered as well estab
lished in natural history, that different
species will not produce fertile offspring.
i The proof of this, says Dr. Koeeland.may
be found, "in any part of the animal scale
from a barnyard monster to a mulatto;
they cannot bold their own ; they must
and do return to one or tbc other of the
primitive stocks, or must die out, unless
crossed by the pure originating blood." j utes to healthy action, iij filling UM
Dr. Knecland further illustrates this hog pen with fermentable and decomposa
tendency to sterility by the crossing of ' ble materials ia the spring, and allowing
distinct species, by reference to the pre-; the snimals to work over the miss, and
sent condition of the mulattoes. He says: mix it with their liquid and solid Toidings,
"The mulatto is often triumphantly ap-! a very important addition may be made to
pealed to as a proof that hybrid races are ' the inanurial resources of the farm, and at
prolific without end. Every physician ' comparatively small outlay. The work f
who has seen much practice aruoug the filling in may be performed at seasonal
mulattoes know3 that, in the first place, when there is little else to do, and from
they are far less prolific than the blacks j sources that will afford ample material
or whites ; the statistics of New York I without at all lesseuiog the resource, of
State aud City confirm this fact of daily estate. Sods, weeds, rotten wood,
observation; and in the second place, refuse Lay, straw and haulm, are all t1o
when they are prolific, the progeny is "le for this purpose, and can be devoted
frail, diseased, short lived, rarely arriving no niore profitable use. If, as these)
at robust manhood or maturity. Physi
cians need not be told of the comparative
ly enormous amount of scrofulous and de
teriorated constitutions found among these
hybrids."
To return to the suliet of our domestic
lowls. That a great deterioration has ta-
ken place wherever the foreign breeds
have been extensively introduced, we
think every intelligent observer will aits -
tain us in asscrtiug. The question then
i.-, what is the remedy? In the space of
time nature will again replace matters in
their former order, the hybrids without
a constant foreign importation will die
out in time, and the native stock in its
purity again be in the ascendant But
we can do something to hasten matters.
..... ,
i.o tu.o mo ma. okaouu stum vtc.y iaiiuci
, . ...
naturally expects to thin out his poultry-
, . J 1 , , , , 1 .
yard in some degree, we would advise that
every representative of the East Indian
iowis oe extirpated, rooi ana Drancn, so
j r as possible, and a return be then made
wVUr.uvB...0.U. .Uuu.uu-ie6eu;
hens, whose good qualities have been abun-.
u6wU
V .1 J a .
J F"" Buu ueTLr luuuu
Wanting.
n-i , . ... - . . ,
, , ' ,
by a judicious Lrecdmir amonc themselves
J o vu..a.u
hardly admits of a doubt, and opeus a
fair aud profitable field for the amateur.
farm Journal.
Flan of an Agricultural Club.
A few congenial farmers met together
and selected one of their number Secrcta- j caustic state. A few bushels of thisman
ry. The admission of other members was ' are, properly diluted and prepared, will be
by the unanimous vote of the club, until found to produce the results secured by a
the maximum of thirteen was reached. i vastly larger amount trf the best stable or
We met at each others' houses in turn ' barnyard manure. For vines and garden
the first seventh day in each month, at vegetables it is altogether unsurpassed. ,
three o'clock P. M., in alphabetical order, j In a recent discussion upon the profits
and when two names commence with the cf poultry, evidence was adduced by two
same letter, the eldest has precedence. or three person?, that the manure from
The first business in order is the elec- j the hen-house produced better results on
tion of a foreman for the afternoon, which crops than any other fertilizer used on tha
is not put to vote, but merely a name '. farm. In one instance, where about one
mentioned and seconded. This is follow-1 hundred fowls were kept, sand mers
ed by the reading of the minutes of tho ' granular sand was scattered plentifuljr
last meeting held bore (if ia operation p" the floor, and upon which the dropping!
more than one year). We then sally out i fell. Two or three times week the sur
to make an inspection of the system of , face of this was carefully swept, gathering
culture ; the fences, stock, farming iniple- np a portion ef the sand with the drop
ments, garden, building', and indeed every J P'ngs, and depositing the whole in bar
department of the farm, are examined and : re!. In the spring this was in the most
criticised to the fullest extent, finding all convenient form to be taken to the fields
the fault we can with whatever is out of i
order, which is noted down by the Sccre-1
tary. (
Returning to tlic house, the next bu?i- (
ness ,n ordl!r 18 lue wading of the minutes ;
uui iab sutciiug. auu suiciuau muu eiugie bandlul ot the home-made guano
asks each member in turn whether he has t,ad t,ccrl applied was altogether stouter,
any question to propose to the club. When ! anj the corn eai !ir and more sound. But,
a question is asked, each member is re-1 independently cf this source of profit from
quired to give his opinion, and the Sccrc-! fowls, the discussion to which we refer af
tary notes down the decision of the meet- j forded satisfactory proof to ns, that no
lne; ,. . ... product of the farm yields a better profit
All conversation, except on agricultural ., , ,
. . . , ' , : than its fowls. Aeir-i7inu Farmer.
subjects, is out of order, unless we are sum-;
moned to a plain sapper, during which ' SnARPiMsa Eiioed Tools. We tran
pcrfect freedom is allowed. j slate the following from s German scien-
A register of crops, with the number of tic journal for the benefit of our mechart
acres upon which they are grown, is kept i Qd agricultural laborers:
by each member, and handed in yearly to ! " I' has lonj; bcen known that the aim
the Secretary, who prepares a table, by j P'cat method cf sharpening a razor is to
which at a glance the average increase can , pit it for half au hour in water to which,
be at all times ascertained. has been added one-twentieth of it weight
No rules have been found necessary for ! of muriatic acid, then lightly wipe it off,
our government, save that of kindness to and after a few hours set it on a hone,
each other, and deference to conflicting The acid here supplies the place of a whet
opinions. ! stono by corroding the whole surface oni-
We have bcen thus associated more than formly, so that nothing further but a
twelve years, with the interest unabated, i smooth polish, is necessary. The process
Each member, and I may add each mem- j never injures good blades, while badly
ber's wife, is fully convinced of the great , hardened ones are frequently improved by
usefulness and good social feeling engen-! it, although the cau-e of such improve
dered by ita establishment. ' ment remains unexplained.
A MEMBER, j Of late this process has been applied
f'hTGarBri'Taiesraph. j to many other cutting implements. Tha
Bog lllanure. ! workman at the beginning of his noon-
Of all the mauurial substances made j spell, or when he leaves off in the even
and applied on the farm, none is possessed ing, moistens the blades of his tools with
of greater or more permanent value than ! water acidified as above, the cost of which,
tha excrement of swine. No matter to ; is almost nothing. Thia saves the eon
what purpose it is applied, its results are sumption of time and labor in whetting,
always such as to sustain its reputation as w'nieii moreover wears out the blades. Tlw
a salutary and energetic) fertiliser. For : mujo of sharpening here indicated would
Indian corn, melon?, and pivoting crops, b. fjund f.peiiij advantiigeoa. for skk.
is well as for the whole family of cere's us mid serines.
it is the best application of dosacstio
character and origin that can be procured,
acting with a rapidity and permanence tf
effect that is highly favorable to both erop
and soil. It is thought, by many, to b
superior to night soil, for most crops, and
in this opinion they are probably correct.
When used as an ingredient in compost,
it effects a very salutary influence. Mock,
mixed with it, is eapacified for supporting
almost any plant or vegetable, and for is,
parting new powers to the soil which it
i changes Constitutionally, as well at stimw-
articles are put, a small quantity of grain
be sowed over and mixad with tha mass,
the animals will work it over with their
snouts, in their efforts to obtain the grain
it will thus be commuted, and all the ia
i credicnts incorcoxaiiul
j perfectly homogeneous and soluble manure,
: Gypsum, wood asLes, lime and clay are
j valuable constituents in such compost,
: TLc latter is especially important whera
the manure is to be used on sandy soils,
or those composed principally of sand,
I PARMER,
Northampton, Bucks Co., Dec. 17, '55.
Hame-IIade Guano.
It is not, perhaps, generally knows
' j that the deposits of the hen-house, when
sunered to accumulate lor several years,
: sunered to accumulate for several
i . . ,
i without exposure to wet, are Terr nearly
, , A, ... ,
i of the same nature as the African and
jIernTia uan f which M ha
j bcen Baid It b conccntrated ,nd
maniiro ftni3 aT.nnT.t nova ha smnliad t.
, befng Urgcy
joam othpr .ubstance to redoce j,,
trp . ;t - ;n.;,M.
detrimental, if nnt defrnefivA t
i its effects. If it be thrown into a heap
a. u. r ?
with it time ita hulk nf mnet. nr nf
good loam, and moistened with water, it
will be found highly efficient in promoting
the growth and healthy developement of
any plant to which it may be applied; but
! it should never be used in its raw and
and applied to the hills where corn was to)
he planted, and on a large field where ex-
cellcnt barnyard manure was applied at
thc rate of twenty ox-cart loads, or about
eight cords per acre, the portion where a,
4