CHRONICLE
LEW
BURG
H. C. HICKOK, Editor.
0. N. WOMEN, Printer.
LEWISBUUG CUHONICLE
4I minSHIl FAMILY JOCBSAI.,
lined on Wednesday mornings at LewUburg,
Union county, Pennsylcania.
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rected to lltsar liK-aoK. ICsq., tddor and those on
business to O. S. WoaDM, FuUuhrr.
IXBca on Market "ircet, between Second and Third, over
tbt Poet-OiBce. O. S. WOKUEN, Proprietor.
Hymn for a Sunday School Excursion.
BT BtV. GIO. B. IDE, D. D.
Away, dull care and aorrow !
Here ia no place for you ;
Lei labor cotne to-morrow
This day to joy ia due.
Bright youth and rosy childhood,
With joruutl beat I- now meet,
All in the fragrant wild-wood.
For aong and pastime sweet.
Green wave the broad oak o'er as,
Fiesh blooma the award around,
And silver streams liefoie us
Glide on with merry sound ;
Each plant and Bower rejoice,
The wild birds tune their lay,
And call ua, with glad voices,
To be aa free aa they.
On mossy rocks reclininfr,
In eli'i- or dingle devp.
We'll natch the sun beam shining.
Where shaded waters slcru ;
Or. hill snj valley ranging.
With eager step and light,
Dehold ibeir beauties changing.
Dream-like, uj-ou the sight.
O Thou ! whose glory liveih
In eanh, and sea, and skies.
Whose word all powerful givrth
Their robe of sparkling dyea
"With grateful adoration.
We lift our thought lo Thee,
In all this fair creation.
May we thy goodness see.
Yet. Father'! rich floweth
Tby love where'er we look.
More bright and pure it gloweth
iihin thy holy Book ;
May we, that love embracing,
On earth its praises tell ;
Then, all its wonders tracing,
In heaven for ever dwell.
1'hilad. Christian Chronicle.
Corrft5Km'lelMe of the Lcwishnrg Chronicle.
Washington, July 4, 1851.
Mr. Editor : When I left you under
the promise of sending you a few notes by
the way, I perhaps should have fulfilled
my promise by writing to you before this,
but the old adage "It's never too late to do
good" may perhaps apply teTC, using the
-eood" or 'bad" as the readers of your
excellent paper may see fit to apply it
After reaching the cars of the I'ennsyl-;
,-r,; Tlnil Tfnarl nt the Junction, vco. were
-whirled over thnt most excellent road, 'cular saw and two or three wood turner's
through one of the most beautiful land- j lathes running. In a third room has sev-.-.-.-.
tit he found in anv clime, and in eral cabinet makers at work on the frames
J'v-w w J
forty minutes were set down iu Harris-
urg
The rail road bridge five miles above
narrisburgis a paragon of its kind, and to '
appreciate it and the beautiful view from .saw. This lathe is particularly adapted
its top, it must be seen ; a description for cutting screws from t inch to 10 inches
would fall short of the reality. . in diameter, and any length tip to 10 feet.
As business and pleasure kept me some- j This is one of the best lathes, it seems,
time at Harrisburg, I shall briefly note . that he could find in New England, and
eome of iU manufactories, &c. It is known cost about 600 dollars. Besides this he
to all, that this place is situated in the has a massive and superior gcer cutting
very centre and garden of the great Cum-, engine, for cutting the teeth in cog wheels
berland Valley that, commencing at the , from 1 inch to 3 feet in diameter cither
Delaware, and iudced at the Hudson, is ' spur bevel or spiral cogs. This machine
finally lost in the mountains of Tennessee j was made in his shop from castings pur
nd Alabama. Its location and climate .chased in New Hamshire. The index
point it out as having been destined by plate was made in Springfield Mass. If
nature to be an inland city of the very first any of your readers want either screws or
importance, and had its inhabitants but ( tap cut, or the teeth cut in cog wheels,
the enterprise of the New Englanders, it they can not do better than by giving him
would have been ere this, a city of a hun-! a call. The geer cutter is the only one
-dred thousand inhabitants instead of ten ( (I believe) between Philadelphia and
thousand. Take a look on the map and , Pittsburg His foreman (a New Eng
you will see that tho rail roads (both those lander) assures me that all work done
finished, in progress, or in contemplation,) there shall be as well and cheaply done as
ail point to it as a common centre. The , in New England, or elsewhere. I noticed
Susquehanna and its tributaries are con-, under way in the machine department,
utantly bringing to it lumber and every standing presses,copying presses seal press-
other produce of the upper regions of this
and New York state. ice cream freezers for II. B. Masser, of
The best ccal mines of the state are in Sunbury; and a great variety of other
Dauphin county, and I believe that there , work. And, in the room devoted to put
is no town of any importance in thc coun- .ting his ruling machines together, I no
try that has the opportunities of getting ticed several single ruling machines, and a
coal and lumber, iron, wood and all the double ruling machine that was going the
necessaries, either for manufacturing or for next day to New York. This latter ma
subsistence, as this place has. The town ( chine is mostly his own invention, and
has sufficient banking capital, and the dis- jrules the paperon buth sides before itleaves
position to accommodate good and trne . the machine. He has only been making
men ; and indeed nothing is wanting but , his ruling machines a couple of years, and
enterprising men, of cither moderate or now they are used in almost every state
Jarge capital, who have thc disposition, the J in the Union, and in Canada and the West
will, and the ability to, put their shoulders Indies. I almost forgot to mention a very
to the wheel. . neat and useful machine he has for mortic-
From indications' I have seen, I am ing (or, as some would erroneously call it,
however, inclined to the opiuion that this a machine for boring a square hole.) It
place is just waking up from her long ; is made altogether of iron, has a square
ulecp. A beautiful cotton mill, built in hollow chisel that is forced down by a lev
the most thorough and substantial manner, jcr, and inside of that is an auger carried
and furnished with the best machinery that by steam, that revolves about 1200 to the
New England can make, has just been set i minute, and will readily bore an inch
t work, and will soon be under headway. hole in soft wood (pine or popular) 3 inches
It was built by Gen. Janies, the Rhode deep in two seconds ; if a large BizcjI rnni--klmi
U. S. i'enatofor the turn of $200.- tice is wanted the wood is carried cither
000. It is driven by a non-condensing
steam engine of 200 horse power, and it,
and all the machinery, work in the most
beautiful and perfect manner. The direc
tors are men of thorough business capacity,
and many of them the best financiers that
are to be found in any community. They
have not adopted the " penny wise and
pound foolish" system, but have in a
praise-worthy manner employed experi
enced men to put np first class work, re
gardless of the first cost The consequence
of this will be, that after they are under
full headway they will not have a daily
break down, and be obliged to spend all
they make, and a little more, in repairs ;
it is a well known fact that the very great
est draw backs to a cotton factory, or in
deed to any mechanical establishment, are
thus continually stopping to repair. The
stock of this mill was generally taken by
the citizens, not I believe, with the expec
tation of making money, but of benefiting
the place ; but bad as the prospects are
for manufacturing cotton, from the excel
lence of the mill and the known abilities
of the directors, I shall be very much sur
prised if they do not make very respecta
ble dividends for the stockholders.
There appears to be quite a number of!
buildings going up in this place. I noticed
one block of about 12 or 15 brick build
ings for Wm.Colder,Esq., the old and well
known stage proprietor. He has retired '
to his country mansion, about 1 mile from
town, Furroundcd by about 250 acres of
the best laud, and cultivated in a manner
that is not excelled by any in this region,
or any other.
Ou the rail road and canal I noticed two
or three very Cue saw mills, and a fine
machine shop and foundry lately erected
by Mr. J. R. Jones. This building is put
in the most approved manner, and I should
judge it capable of cmploj-ing 250 men,
and hope he will soon have it working to
its full capacity.
The well known furnace of Gov. Porter
is in full operation, and notwithstanding
the bad prospects of the iron business has
I believe, been in constant operation since !
its erection.
On strolling through town I came ac
cross Mr. W. O. Ilickok's establishment.
From its small appearance I was not un-
jder the expectation of seeing much, but
on being shown through it by one of its
'workmen, was agreeably surprized to find
that it was" filled to its utmost capacity
' from the cellar to the garret by men and
j machinery. It is driven by a very pretty
'4 horse cngine,which has as much of a load
as it can carry. In one room he has an
excellent scroll saw and machine for plain
mg up timber. In another he has a cir-
"f his ruling machines ; and in the 4th
and largest room is located his machine
shop. In it I noticed 4 small lathes-, and
one of the very best engine-lathes I ever
es, turning lathes (both for iron and wood)
LEWISBDRG, UMON
way by a screw. The work done on it is
true and exact. It will answer for soft or
hard wood, and also for wagon hubs.
The machine is made in Boston and
costs there $100, Mr. II. is the agent for
its sale.
Having accomplished my business here,
Ion the 2d at 4 o'clock, P. M., took my
seat in Baltimore cars, and was taken by
horse power over the Cumberland Valley
bridge, and from there by steam to Balti
more : at which place we arrived at 9
o'cl'k,P.M.: as I only stayed in Ba'Hore
over night, I had no opportunity of seeing
that city.
The York & Cumbcrlond rail road, is a
most excellent road, running along the
river about 17 miles, and then ascending
by moderate grades to the dividing ridge,
thence by easy descending grades to York.
The road is laid most or all of the way
with the hollow or rail and when it
shall be called to fill up the chain of rail
roads from Baltimore to Williamsport,Erie
and the New York road, it will be a road
of no mean importauce.
The York & Baltimore road is in excel
lent condition, but owing to the face of
the country, necessarily very crooked.
Tue cars are good the conductors gentle-
both roads '
manly, and the time made on
was - excellent.. I left Baltimore at 6
o'clock A. 51. for Washington; time tho'
2 hours, 40 miles, fare ?1,80. This road
is an unblushing monopoly and imposition.
It pays the State a portion of its profits,
u-lin thus rnmriol &tr:incr4 tvlin iiass I
.l.rn.ml, !.r l.nr,l..r .,. l..,v .l...,r nmnnv I
- . . . . ',
with her citizens ; and also help pay her
state debt.
I paid a visit to our gentlemanly Tresi-
dent, to Oeul ecott, and many others or
. , , , , . , I
our men of note, and to-uay witnessed the ,
. . , .1 .1 '
laying of the corner stone of the south
wing of the enlargement of the capital.
Jly letter has already extended beyond my
original intended limits, and for a full
history of that event I shall refer you to
the tc-lcgraphic reports, which will reach
you before this can. The assemblage Vas
very large, the procession and proceedings
imposing, and the address of Daniel Web-;
. ;
Bter a great one. (
To-morrow I shall leave for the cast,and
may perhaps crnise around ior sometime ;
if I do you shall hear from me again.
Yours, Mechanic.
Cowardice.
The veriest ciwird upon the earth.
Is he who rears the world's opinion,
Who act with referi-nce t its will.
His conscience swayed by its dominion.
Mind is not worth I feather's weight.
That must nith other minds he measured,
Self must direct, and self control.
And the account in heaven he treasured.
Fear never sways a manly soul.
For honest hearts twas ne'er intended ;
They, only ihey have cause to fear.
Whose motives have their CioJ offended.
What will my neighbor say if I
Should this attempt, or that, or l' other ?
A neighbor is most sure a foe.
If he prove not a helping brother.
That man is brave who braves the world.
When o'er Life's sea his hark he steerelt!,
Who keeps that guiding star in view,
A conscience clear which never veereth !
1K.C. llAELHT.
Party Spirit.
There has probably never been (saysi
the Richmond Republican) a period in the
i.nli.i,-i.l hUfnru r.f .hi rnnntrv f of
i
acerbity and bigotry which usually char
acterize party differences as the present.
WTe do not suppose that the millenium Las !
arrived, or that peace has been finally
made between AVhigs and Democrats, but
there is certainly an armistice, and one of
unusally long duration. The Cavalier and
thc Saracen are sitting at an oasis in the
desert, and so long do they linger in
friendly converse that a casual observer
might suppose they had forever forgotten
their ancient feuds. They exchange not
only pleasant, but complimentary words ;
they examine and commend the strong
points in each other's armor; they talk
about past wars with mutual composure,
and refer with pleasant raillery to future
battles. But time passes, and they must
repair to their respective camps, where
they will be found none the less faithful
to their banners, because they have dis
covered that "each has a focman worthy,"
in all respects, "of his steel." Knightly
courtesy docs not take away thc temper of
a good sword, but gives it a brighter pol
ish, and makes it a weapon honorable to
the conqueror,and to which the vanquished
can yield without humiliation.
Wre have been led to these remarks by
observing various testimonials of respect
which have of late been presented from
time to time to distinguished leaders of
the Whigs and Democrats, and in which
both parties have united. Political ene
mies of Mr. Clay have recently conferred
upon him tokens of their esteem, and their
journals have passed warm tributes upon
his patriotism and genius. In the gift
lately conferred upon Mr. Ritchie by the
compositors of the Union office, Whigs as
well as Democrats united. The ordeal
thrnnglj wh.c.i'the nation nas lately passed
has revealed the two great parties of the
COUNTY, PEM., WEDNESDAY, JULY 16, 1851.
TJnion to each other as being alike devoted
to the welfare and honor of the common
country. In the moments of calm reflec
tion which have ensued, men wonder that
they could ever have been so blinded by
party passion as to deny to those who differ
from them all Datriotism and reirard for
the public welfare. It is to be hoped that
tl.o truth) irlileli fliotr finvn nnnr disr-nvflred
may not be forgotten in future contests,
j
and that hereafter political differences may;
be conducted in a spirit of mutual respect
and toleration
There must always be parties in a free
government, but we have never yet seen
any reason why difference of opinion upon
any subject should be permitted to influ
ence personal relations, rarty organiza -
ization may be just as strong, and party
operations just as efficient, if characterized
oy mutual courtesy, as n uianuencu uy tue
venom and rancor of party hate. Indeed
we think that the latter course impairs the
success of a party. You believe that you
arc right in a certain opinion, and I believe
that I am right, while the object of both
of us is to bring the other over to his own
views. If we assail each other with hard
words, is cither of us likely to make a
convert? If we Use only the Weapons of
rcason ani argnraentJ accompanied with a
-
Kinu ana conciliatory spirit, even u we iaii( auj pronipts to mental activity and move- straw spread over the ground at the coin
to convince, we shall at any rate be no j jaent ; whatever favors new ideas and in-' menceiucnt of winter, in a great measure
worse off than by the nse of personalities, j stitutions ; all these forward the peaceful ' prevents the frost from heaving, or lifting
But that party which has the truth on its
side, and presents it in a charitable spirit,
will not fail to convince, for prejudice,
V'M ignorance are the great obsta-
itaa i.i ilto friiimrtri nf trntli nnil wrion '
1 " - " ""'"i
these are removed, men will no more shut
her out from their minds than they will
i l - .. i:i.s f j.... ti. . w
. ' , ' , r
ties of the country nave now been at war
, , ., , . ,
a 'on time, and neither has acquired a
c ,.
permanent supremacy. Nor will the policy
advocated by either, however wise and just
it may be, become the recognized and es
tablished policy of the country, until it is
set forth in a spirit divested of partizan
hate and illiberality.
It is certainly the interest of the great
statesmen of both parties, so far as their
owa reputation'is concerned, to!
, . .1
csert all their influence to moderate and
tho tcmper of paTty The man of
reai excellence has no chance of being re-!
cognized aa such by his whole country so :
long as he is viewed by half his country-1
men through the mist of party passion.
isv one side his merits are cxauirerated and i
, . . . . . " .
uy the other underrated. 1 he voice ot .
nosteritv mav do him iustW bnt nnforJ
t,m,ii., l,;. . .:n t. ifti :..!
..jr ...3 un ca.a ... uu viu. iu us
music. Let political controversies be con-
ducted in a candid and kind terror, .,,! !
. r- j- ;
me WUIJ g'e.lb IlldU V.I11 SUIjUllu 1113 JUMj
F.T , ! tue nation, and tne .
i .e 1 . , ..
s.ui, to ...s proper lever oi in-
siguiucauce. Lijewisuurg( a.j i.nrouicle.
Just Judgment.
Last fall we gave an account of a most
brutal outrage near Wilmington, Clinton
county, Ohio, by which a poor man was
murdered, in the presence of his wife, by
some persons whose wealth and position
made them presuming and tvranical. The '
facts arc these : a laboring man had a
JuaSmenl aSllnsl lm Ior a smau
amount, which he paid, all hut the cost,
amounting to about $2,50. On that sum
execution was issued, and seme standing
cora solJ improperly, it was said, to a per
son by the name of Robinson. Thc debtor
gathered and cribbed thc corn after it had
been sold. Two of the Robinsons, a con
stable, and some six or seven other per
sons went after night to bring away the
corn. They were met at thc bars by the
debtor, and forbid to enter, telling the
Robinsons that that corn was all he had to
feed his wife and little children, and they
should not have it. Thc party commenced
taking down the bars to let in thc wagon
they had with them, when thc pocr man
told his little son to go and bring tho axe,
whereupon he was set on by thc party,
knocked in thc head and kicked to death
in the presence of his wife and children.
Thc one who hit him on the head fled, and
has not been taken; tho constable has
since died of a crushed spirit; four of the
others were tried last week, and found
guilty of manslaughter. One of the Rob
insons was sentenced to nine years hard
labor in the penitentiary another Robin
son to seven yearn, another of the party to
five years, and a fourth to three years.
They were started off the next morning
for the penitentiary, and arrived the after
noon of the same day in the penitentiary
where it is hoped they will remain, with
out Executive clemency, every day of then
sentence. The others remain to be tried.
As the parties are wealthy, we suppose
the widow will recover full damages for
the loss she has sustained by the murder
of her husband at their hands. We hope
so with all our heart -Cincin. Enquirer.
Good Advicb. Do not begin farming
by building an expensive bouse, nor erect
ing a spacious barn, till yon have some
thing to store in it.
Democracy.
This is ft democratic land, but it is only
partially democratic. Democracy is in
our political, but not in our social institu
tions. The former are on a new model,
the latter too much copied from the old
aristocratic world. But if democracy be
' what we believe, it must have a wider and
! more perfect application. It must create
-
' a new social as well as a new political sys -
I . . ,. i
tem. It must reform the relations ol la-
; bor, of property and of social life, nor stop
till all servitude, all castes, all inequality
of privileges have disappeared to give
place to integral liberty, justice and frater
nal cooperative relations. Such is the es
sential meaning of this anniversary. Do
1 y0U think this a hard saying 7 It may
j be to those who have not learned that de-
j mocracy signifies anything except on elee-
. tion days.
But do you ask how this great change
is coming about, and what you can do to
help it on ? It is coming in every way.
Whatever improves, strengthens and edu
cates the people ; whatever incites in them
a higher sense of manliness and of right ;
whatever confers on them new means of
j producing wealth and of transportation
; A intpriTiiirsP ; whatever breaks down
r
: tne prejudices cf thoughtless Conservatism
revolution through which the United States
is passing, and you, if you will, may aid
the work. . But whether you do or not, it
w;n g0 on. jt ;s tj,e destiny of America.
nr-i - n i i-.
ine signs are an arounu you. xou may
rejoice or lament, but the fact you can not
elude. We are going on rapidly toward a
Social Democracy. XI Y. Tribune.
A Mistake True Folitenets.
On a late Sunday evening, while Dr.
Welch, of Albany, was in the midst of
one of his most impassioned charity ser
mons, to a crowded house, an accident oc
curred which put to test both his polite
ness and presence of mind.
A pair were waiting to be married
after the sermon, in the rear of the audi
ence and were to be called forward by the
ti ..I . . i
sexton. But the latter official having be
cfme absorbeJ in drowsiness or contera
plation while the Rev. Dr. was rreaehin
and suddenly brought to his recollection
o
by hearing the Dr. exclaim,
"The Spirit and the britle tny Come !" j
nir ks n -nA,v,
o iv
vi0 (0f course) had not understood a word
.:C.., .l...
...... . .
ill iiii: Mi-riiiiiii inn! intiiiifTii i ti li I. lilt? mil-
mcnt hafJ arrxyci for the performance ot
thc mipt;ul ccremon Le prom-t,
, P, , "P"'
oDeycti tne summons, anu me iriue amijroot;!
kriJe
frnnm. liridn's maid and ornom's man.
e 1 e
came marching down the broad aisle in the j
wiJst of tLc discourse,
llic preacher seeing at a glance that a
mistake had been committed, which was j
likely to terminate unpleasantly, finished j
his sentence, descended from the pulpit j
with dignity and composure, tied the irre- j
vocable knot, returned to his pulpit and j
finished his discourse, and the wedding
party were not at all sensible that every
thing was not as it should be. This is
what we can true politeness under ditncui-
ties.
Free Labor at the South.
A Convention of Free Mechanics is to
be held at Atlanta, Georgia, to take mea
sures to protect themselves against compe
tition from slaves. The efforts making at
thc South to establish manufactories are
increasing the class of free mechanics, and
they are naturally unwilling that slaves
should be taught the mechanical trades.
On the other hand, thc slave owners, as
the demand for mechanics Increase, are
naturally desirous that their slaves should
learn these trades, and it imparts to them
a higher value. Between these two classes
slaveholders and mechanics there is a
question of discord arising, which will lead
to the discussion of the slavery question
on Southern ground,and between Southern
men. The very effort now making by the
South to promote domestic manufactures
may have a far more important bearing
upon Slavery than they noT imagine.
I'hilad. News.
Aristocracy. When thc French Gen.
Foy was onse entering, with much fervor,
into a political discussion in the Chamber
of Deputies, and had just pronounced the
word Aristocracy, a loud voice from the
Ministerial side sternly demanded its mean
ing ? " Arisiocraty," answered he at once,
and calmly, " Arislocrncif in the nineteenth
century, is the league, the coalition of
those who wish to consume without work
ing ; to occupy all public places, without
being competent to fill them ; to seize upon
all honors, without meriting them. That
is Aristocracy."
The wash of the drain from a farm house
when well mixed with loam, is excellent
manure. Loam will soon neutralize all
the foul effluvia arising from the putrid
waters.
The Farmer.
Shade as a Fertilizer.
Mr. Editor : In conversation with
you a few days since, I incidentally men
tioned, that I had made the experiment of
covering a grass field with straw. I at the
time considered such matter as entirely
I . ... . . .
. too lnsigniticant to nil up the pages of
your valuable Journal, lou, however,
appeared to think otherw
vise said you
wanted factt and desired that I would give
an abstract of the plan for your paper. I
will therefore comply with your request.
Having a large quantity of wheat straw
for which I had neither nse, nor room for
etoreage, I, in last January concluded to
draw it on a field that had been laid down
to grass, timothy and clover, two years
previously. The field contained about ten
acres, and we spread over the ground as
evenly as we could, some 12 or 15 two
horse loads. It was regarded at the time
by many persons, as a novel mode of dis-
posing of the surplus straw, yet generally
j believed to be advantageous. This spring
it could plainly be seen to have the effect
' of starting the grass earhr than in fields
ladiarrpntL anil ransinrr it tn irrnv with
, j j a e
greater vigor. I am fully convinced, that
the soil, which from the alternate freezing
and thawing, frequently occasions the des-
truction of wheat, clover &c, the frost
' drawing the plants out of the crouud, and
'i ,i i . .
leaving mem exposea on tne sunace. a
light covering of straw would iu a great
, measure prevent this.
The practical farmer will say, there is
nothing new in this, and it is not worth
the room it occupies in your Journal and
we partly agree with them. However,
: when this f-iinple experiment is taken into
consideration in connection with, or rather
in confirmation of Mr. Baldwin's theory
that slunk alone will fertilize the most
J barren soils--or considered in the light of
' mulching, it becomes a question of great
imPortan:e tBC farmer and gardener,
1 and in this lisht mav nossiblv be mterest-
and in this light may possibly be interest
ing to some of your readers.
The shading or covering the ground
1 A.., .t, r i : i
UUII. litC 1UI1UUDVC VI UUI LlUUlllg OHM, IUU
drying winds with any decomposable sub
stance, such as straw, leaves, coarse litter,
tan bark,and other mat'rials,is well knowu
...o,.o .. ,
Iws f .. .nrl ..lw.nm
! , . ... e -n i
, newly planted trccs-to beds of Ba-pbcr-
i . . .
rics, ctntwoerries, ine Doraers, ana in
. :.. , .
! Mt " 'elieed hat all plants grow more
ivigoiwisly by having a menng over their
Wc mi'dtt refer to the forest for a
r. .r i r m. .
cunumiatiou 01 tuese lacis. ac trees
row nuA more raDl(llv anj in
crow much more rapidly and larger in
those localities, where an aunual lavcr of
Icaves is left to shade the ground.
By covering the soil with any refuse
matter, it remains in a more equable state,
both as regards temperature and moisture,
thc roots of trees and plants find a more
congenial medium to exact nourishment
from a cool and moist soil, and grow with
far greater vigor remain in a more heal
thy and flourishing condition and conse
quently bear larger and better crops.
J. B. Garblr.
Floral Retreat, Jmu. Co. M.ty 21, 1851.
Keeping Bleat
The most efficient way to keep skippers
from pork, after being smoaked, is to pro
cure six cents worth of red pepper to each
pint of boiling water, then put in the pep
per and stir it well. When the mixture
is cold tie a rag to stick, or take a painter's
brush called a sash tool, one about three
quarters of an inch thick, and wet each
piece of meat thorough! v with the mixture,
and hang it where you wish to keep it. I j
have adopted this plan, and with complete
success.
Lard Candles. A correspondent cf
the Michigan Farmer, gives the following
method of making candles of hog's lard,
which ho says prove of the best quality.
Put all the lard, say enough for 5 lbs. of
11 - A. I 1 A . ilAat i T
. - a....
edge well, depends altogether on whether
C O ' 1 . . .
the man works by the day or acre. While
r. -ii k m J.UA ., .r. I
the former will be compelled to "stop and ,
sharpen" every five minutcs;
inutes, the latter, he
says, will slash away all day without once
thinking of a grindstone, yueer, is nt it:
.rmltrthe white of,
IVSCCJi p. ' 7 - ft T J
on ecrf witn a suiiauie utusu - " o
. . -..ii- i u ft airifrie
thickness of white tissue paper,with which
. .i;;. An edrra
cover over tne jars, . , i
r. imn. No tvmz is requ
ireu. ua
whole will become, when dry, as tight as a
irum-
canu.es, in me siucncr , humus j Cotton, is S-io per lun. (Uur superior
heat of about 200 Fahr. throw in 3 or 4 Western machinery ought considerably to
ounces of lime, and about an ounce of j reduce ,nis ) The total cost of the Flax
aquafortis, and then mould them. The j cott0n, therefore, will be S125 per tun, or
lime purifies the grease and the aquafortis i six cents per f0Via wn;ie Flax as it comes
hardens it jfr0ra the field is worth 815 per tun;
Singular.-A late writer in the Culti-! should thi come down 10 P tun the
vator says, that whether scythes hold their cost of be fi,ber K to P
Volume YHX, BTnmper 16.
Whole Numoer 380.
IMrOSTAXT TO FABXERS
Since the squirrels scratch up all tha eon you any plant,
Attd thus darken your prospect baiow.
The feat war for yon thar tool piay to preraat
reonuuil tlseaa-j punti ao veUtdt raw
Vnuad. sm.j Jjuiisa.
from tha New Tjrk Tribune.
The Flax-Cotton Revolution.
London, June 4, 1851.
Although I have not yet found time for
a careful and thorough examination of the
, - . ,1 ? ft. J
machinery ana processes raeuu. .uvuiu
' or adopted in Europe ior me manuiactun,
: Ot cheap laDncs irom x iai, x nave vma
' enough to assure me of their ralue and
' itYivjti.tttniA t Tiava rioon rlnnnnfkintpr Anlar
luirvi lhui.c ft uc .rr J
with regard to machinery for Flax Dress
ing, which seems, on a casual inspection,
to be far less efficient than the best on our
side of the Atlantic, especially that patent
ed of late in Missouri and Kentucky. That
in operation in the British Machinery de
partment of the Exhibition does its work
faultlessly except that it turns out the pro
duct too slowly. I roughly estimate that
our Western machines are at least twice as
efficient.
M. Clausen is here, and has kindly ex
plained to me his processes and shown me
their products. He ia no inventor of
Flax-dressing Machinery at all, and claima
nothing in that line. In dressing, ha
adopts and uses the best machines he can
find, and I think is destined to receive
important aid from American inventions.
What he claims is mainly the discovery of
j a cheaP chemical solvent of the Flax fiber
whereny its coarseness aaa narsaness are
removed and tne fineness and softness of
Cotton induced in their stead. This he
has accomplished. Some of his Elax Cot
ton is scarcely distinguishable from the
Sea Island staple, while to other samples
he has given the character of Wool very
nearly. I can imagine no rcason whj
this Cotton should not be spun and wovea
as easily as any other. The staple may be
rendered of any desired length, though the
usual average is about two inched. It is
as white as any Cotton, being made so by
easy and cheap bleaching process. M.
Claussen's process iu lieu of Bolting re
quires but three hours for its completion.
It takes the Flax as it came from the field,
only somewhat dryer and with the seed
beaten off, and renders it thoroughly fit for
breaking. The plant is allowed to ripen
before it is harvested, so that the seed is
all saved, while the tediousness and injury
to the fiber, not to speak of the unwholo
somcness of the old-fashioned Hotting pro
cesses are entirely obviated. Where
warmth is desirable in the fabrics contem
plated, the staple is made to resemble
Wool quite closely. Specimens dyed red,
essc
blue, yellow, &c, are exhibited, to show
how readily and satisfactorily the Flax-
I f'nttnn rulrna .nrralnr that nmv n desired
i -- j
I Beside
Beside these lie rolls of Flanneb,Feltings,
! an'1 most every variety of plain textures,
fabricated wholly or in good part from
Flax as prepared for Spinning under M.
Claussen's patent, proving the adaptation
of this fiber to almost every use now sub
served by either Cotton or Wool. Tha
mixtures of Cotton and Flax, Flax-Cotton
: and Wool, are excellent and serviceable
i '
fabrics.
Thc main question still remains to be
considered Will it jny ? Flax may bo
grown almost every where two or three
crops a year of it in some climates three
times the present annual product of Cotton,
Flax and Woo 1 all combined could easily
be produced even next year. But unless
cheaper fabrics, all things considered can
be produced from Flax-Cotton than from
the Mississippi staple, this fact is of little
worth. On this vital point I must of
course rely on testimony ,and M. Claussen's
is as follows :
He says the Flax-straw, or thc ripe, dry
plant as it comes from the field, with tha
seed taken off, may be grown even hero
for Sll) per tun, but he will concede its
cost for the present to be 815 per tun, de
livered, as it is necessary that liberal in
ducements shall be given for its extensive
cultivation. Six tuns of the straw or flax
in the bundle will yield one tun of dresserl
and clean fiber, the cost of dressing which
by his methods, so as to make it Flax-
la '
- .
ur u . ?"
tW rta rrrwvl .fipM hands mUSt be
,
rather slow of sale for1 Cotton-planting at
1
rZ ? .
Is there any doubt that Flax-straw may
be profitably grown in the United States
for 515 or even $10 per tun? Consider
that it nas oeen extensively grown ior
...... . . ,
years, even in our own State, for the seed
only, the straw bejng thrown out to rot,
..a a . "
and being a posiUve nuisancatoina grower.
v ta mAn ,rt;t. In mmmanrl
,
for two or three years at least, tv higher
price than hitherto because of tha increased