UL
. n.
1
Jo
H. C. mCKOK, Editor.
0. N. WORDEJV, Printer.
Volame VIII, PanttT 11
LEWISBURG, UNION COUNTY, PENN., WEDNESDAY, . JUNE 18, 1851.
LEWI SB
M
0
GL
AIT 1 3T DBF! XII SWT FAX1LT JOCHXAL.
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For the Tjewittniy Chronicle.
TO THE FIRST ROSE OF SPRING.
ST J. O. FREEZE,
A thousand welcomes to thee, bonny row
With what resistleax power dost thou bring
The cherished, half forgotten days of yore,
Brightly again l-i"ore me. Hem repose,
And while thy fr&irranee thou dost round me ding,
let uney rerel in youth's scenes ouoe more.
Tie gentle pressure of a lovine, hand
The ailv'ry malic of m maiden's voice
The cny, yet burning, half reluctant kiss
(0 who its power persuasive can withstand ?
The walk the dewy ere how these rejoice
3iy heart. Such memories are brought by this.
Then welcome, thou first row of earliest spring,
The dews of morn like genu upon thee lie.
And sparkle in the sunlhrht brilliantly ;
Tho' silent, thou of nature seem'st to sing,
Spreading tlyr Llu-diing b-auti.-s to Uie .ky,
While round thee, modest buds hang lovingly.
Soon will the sun unfold them with his rays,
And one by one, npnn the parent stem
Display their charms beneath an open sky:
With burning ardour will he on them gaic.
His warming morning kiss will be to them :
At noon they'll droop, and by the evening die I
Bat not so thou ! Til b.-ar thee hence, fweet rose
Still thou wilt wither, and thy color lade,
And all my care cannot preserve thy bloom:
But I will cherish thee, tv do th.we
I loved when young, and when thou art decayed,
A simple verse sli.it mark thy mod-it tomb.
BuoajBUKo, Fa.
Death of Children.
With our present imperfect knowledge
of the art of life, and our disregard of the
laws of health, we are compelled to witness
the terrible fact that a large proportion of
au the mortality of our race, occurs with
children of a tender age. It is the buds and
blossoms hat death tramples to dust, when
T i "-"-? j'-yv r
and if Lis shafts are aimed Iiko-at all,
they tell with greatest effuct upon the lit
tle ones. And if his blows fall tfiickest
and hardest upon the core of the family
circle nearest the heart of the parent
the wounds inflicted there are most deep
and lasting. There is in all this checkered
world, tio sorrow like that of tire parent
bereft of children. David of old said "1
am distressed for thee, my brother Jona
than;" but over the dead body of his re
bellious child, he cried, ' would God I had
died for thee, O Absalom, my son, my
son !" Only those who have drank this
cup can realize its bitterness. The sym
pathy of friends, though grateful to those
who are bereaved, falls far short of the ob
ject for which it is kindly intended. There
is no consolation to be derived from earth,
and the power of religion itself only en
ables us to bear the wound which even it
can not heal. How many mothers there
are, whose thoughts under all the circum
stances of their lives, are every moment
flying to the graves where sleep theirlittle
ones. How many a father is there, who,
since he first rose from the dust in which
he was prostrated by the blow which struck
from his side a darling little son, has cov
ered the bleeding wound from sight, and
whose very life depends upon hiding it
from himself and the world who is obliged
with resolute nerve, to hold the grief that
would wrestle with his spirit at arm's
length, lest it should hourly prostrate him
in the dust who must constantly drive
away from the windows of his soul, the
little pleading face which would come
back to commune with its earthly father;
must ever unclasp those little fingers from
the casement, that the too dearly loved
form may drop into the darkness without,
or, must else turn and flee from himself,
and strive in the whirl of the outer world
to escape the haunting vision with which
he ever longs to conflnune, butilares not
who prays and waits for the time to come
when he ean bear an interview with the
little lost one, and yield himself up fully
to the sweet memories of the past, when
they lived and were happy together. IIow
many go about with smiling faces, and
plunge fiercely into excitements, while the
parental feeling is dammed up in their
bosoms, ready to overwhelm them with
agony. There are griefs, and this is one
of their mightiest, too deep for tears, too
heavy to bear, and from which we must
fly when possible with which we must
struggle as best we may when they come
upon us in the lone watches of the night,
and for which our best consolation is, Uat
some time death will cure them, by bring
ing us into the presence of those who have
"gone before,. Yank Blade.
-.; ..
Idleness is emptiness ; where it is, there
the doors are thrown open, and the devils
troop in. : ' ' -
Correspondence of the Lewisburg Chronicle.
Jottings Down by the Way.
NO. II.
Athens, Pa., June 9, 1851.
A company of twenty-seven souls on and
in one of those inelegant and incommodi
ous structures which, preceded by two for
lorn-looking mules, constituted the " train
of cars " which took us from all Williams
port, afforded ample material for observa
tion, opportunity for the "perfect work"
of patience, food for reflection, and occa
sion for congratulation when the " ark "
accomplished its journey ' and landed its
crew safe at Ralston. In our case, a ma
jority were of that nondescript species de
nominated " Yankees," in Dutchdom, and
of the sub-di vision "watermen." One of
these had a fiddle, which ever and anon
spoke in mingled tones of joy and sorrow,
according as the car advanced faster or
slower. Another had a little black bottle,
which he circulated as a propcllant "steam
power, whenever the " mule power
advance seemed to lack in spirit.
The completion of the projected Improve
ments on the North and West Branch with
the Hank Koads which will be soon found
leading to them down every considerable
valley, will render " Yankee watcrmen,'
creatures of history. A laborious, jovial
set of men, but generally " living from
hand to mouth," and taking their " largest
liberty " (once or twice a year) when they
"go down the river " an era as important
to them as ever was " battalion day " in
old Berks the change will be of no dis
advantage, either in a moral or pecuniary
point of view. 1 have mingled with them
in their homes, and in their scenes of la .
bor, and can bear testimony to the general
intcllicence. honestv. and ho-nitalitv f
even the roughest in appearance ; at the
same time, I have always condemned their
- ' l W
exccsses,and in too many cases their crimes,
which have rendered them odious to the
more sober, unchanging citizens of Central
Pennsylvania. Many of these watermen,
both"Pennamites'' and " Yorkers," are
unexceptionable in their deportment abroad
as well as at home, while others, with the
swaggering, silly air of rowdies in our
towns, affect a character which belongs not
to attract notoriety, and to keep up a repu
tation more allowable in the past than at
the present.
Our company complained most of all on
this trip, that the bread of the Dutch was
miserable batches of dough, harder to pass
their stomachs than their money was to
pass inspection that they had hardly seen
a christian-looking potato on their "tower,"
but had been " nauseated tew death at ev
ery tavern " by cabbages and sausages in
" some outlandish form or 'nother " that
thoy could get no hams, or any smoked
meat excepting flabby, fat flitch, or as they
called it " fritth, which we had to 6oi7 in
cn(7fisk to get it fresh enough to worry
down." In short, they declared they never
gave worse money than the grub they got,
(a hint which I give gratis to our inn-keep
ers.) Their sorrows were all forgotten,how-
ever, and they revenged themselves for
past aggravations, on reaching the first
public house in Bradford county, (Kings
bcry's, Canton Corners,) where in addition
to coffee and steak, potato after potato
disappeared from the table in rapid suc
cession, and " more " were called for
where the bread was pronounced both pal
atable and passable in deeds more poten
tial and indicative than words and where
one large, fleshy, juicy, sweet, fresh, cod
fish, (brought by the N. Y. & Erie Rail
road, here 35 miles distant) only three days
from the ocean, was by acclamation voted
worth all the tiny, bony, "nothin else
staple of Trout Kun, Ralston, and inter
mediate cities.
Taking up a newspaper at one of our
stopping places, I copied the following
scrap, worthy of attention by farmers :
" Mr. Jacob Loop states, through the
Genessee Farmer, that he formerly sowed
unripe seed-wheat, and always had smut
Latterly, he lets his wheat for seed stand
till it gets fully ripe, and has.no smut.
Such was the practice of our older farmers
generally.
Canton, Troy, Springfield, and Smith-
nl.l. in Bradford, are all crowing, and
that. too. rapidly, (for country communi
ties.) This county of nearly 50,000 in
habitants, is by the Erie Railroad now
wedded to New York City in all its com
mercial and social interests. The money
obtained " below," for millions and mil
lions of lumber from this ranee of coun
ties, is expended for goods in New York.
The travel formerly verging towards Phil
adelphia, now tends northward. . Northern
and Eastern small notes circulate here, in
perfect defiance of the Iawa of the Key
stone State. I know one mercantile
tablishment, which has sprung up in three
or four years, and now sella good to the
amount of 820,000 per year; and others
sell from $20,000 to $50,000 per year, all
of which have bid good-bye to Philadel
phia excevt in teBini them lumber, and
occasionally honoring their "old friends,"
with a visit, via New York.
The Williamsport 6i Elmira Railroad
may somewhat change this state of things,
so unnatural both geographically and po
litically, (for, with proper facilities, trade
and travel would go Southerly.) The
Trojans seem to care but little whether the
Road goes through their Borough ; and it
is thought by many its best course would
be from the Lycoming down the Towanda
creek, (which head near together,) thence
up the Susquehanna, 15 miles to Athens
or
" Tioga Point," striking the Erie Road
on the State Line, at Waverly or " Fac
tory ville," 18 miles nearer New York than
at Elmira, and by a road but 8 miles fur
ther than through Troy to Elmira. Mr.
Gouder has been at Towanda and Athens,
examining the route, and I understand a
grant was obtained from the last Legisla
ture, permitting the change. Elmira of
course would object to any new terminus.
in I but can not prevent it if the Company
deem it advisable.
"Our cares are all today; our joys an all tolay;
And in a word, our lira, what is it but Tonus i"
There is some philosophy in the above
couplet, which I found in the hand-writing
ot a youth, written after hearing a dis
course on the reality of our being the
sufficiency of the day for its evils and the
folly of borrowing trouble of the morrow.
" Time is the warp of life 0 tell
The young, the wise, to weave it well 1"
That is an admirable taste which has
11. . .. - i
iea to a cnange in tue colors used for rre-
serving and beautifying buildings in the
: . I
country, and in the change of forms in
dwellings. One storey residences are more
j1"' ana "" costjy than two
TJ uM?& Lere land ifi
!..""" u"ace m ola- ular,D?
trhita in t.l.
give place to ireutler
hues, which are more pleasing to tho eve,
and better harmonize with the livery of
nature, whether in its richest bloom or "in
sober russet clad." There is also much
more convenience and elegance in the con
struction and furnishing of dwellings,
(and room for more, of ioiA improvements
and dwellings) in the weary " overland
journey" from VV llliamsport to Athens.
--Farming lands, even 10 and 15 miles
back from the Erie Road, find them1-: !
since the construction oi tnai improvement.
The best farms arc worth not more than
$30 or $35 per acre, now ; yet there Nor
thern counties may, not many years hence,
rival the Southern counties, just as some
of the "hill towns" here, which 40 or 50
years since were held as worthless, are
now equal to those so much valued fori
their river flatts. Grass grows here, spon
taneously aud luxuriantly, furnishing ma
terial for cheese and butter in abundance ;
fruit can be raised easily ; and the com
pletion of the Canal will furnish more of
our lime, to aid the various means for
augmenting wheat and other crops.
Indeed, the capacity of our whole coun
try for improvement in agriculture, is un
known. Horace Greeley writes that in
England, farming lands sell from $300 to
500 per acre, even when one-tenth the
income is forfeited to a forced priesthood,
and under other taxes which an American
would think absolutely insupportable.
There is as good if not better land in Amcr-
iea, than in England ; and under as close
and wise culture, and ' with the markets
we may make for ourselves, who can cal
culate the advance of our country in agri
cultural improvement ? Iscoa.
SlnpilarBible Prophecy, Bearing
upon mormomsm.
The seventeenth chapter of Jeremiah,
fifth and sixth verses, reads as follows:
"Thus saith the Lord, cursed be the
man that trustcth in man, and maketh
flesh his asm, and whose heart departeth
from the Lord. i
"For he shall be like the beast in the
desert, and shall not see when good Com
eth, but shall inhabit the parched places
tit the wilderness, tit a salt land, and ncl
nhabited"
The above verses have a remarkable
bearing, to say the least of them, upon
the great settlement of Mormon ism at the
"Salt Lake." That country has always
been a "wilderness, in a salt land, and not
inhabited," until the followers of Joe
Smith, who "trusted in man, and made
flesh their arm of support," settled there
from their wanderings. The country, for
a great distance around the present abode
of these people, is encrusted with pure
salt, of sufficient thickness to bear the
weight of man ; and the lake whereby they
abide is world-renowned for its saline qual
ities. The declaration of the Old Testa
ment prophet is literally verified in the
locality towards which Mormonism, both
of the Old and New World, is now rapidly
converging Camden Democrat.
More than a million of Dollars, in Bank
notes, we learn, pass through the Philad
elphia Post Oflice every month. We had
no idea the amount was so large and un
der all circumstances, the losses from dep
redations of all kinds, miscarriages, and
mistakes, may be regarded as very slight
From the Pennsyli-anlan.
n nut. a. t. contan.
Atthepaeeof,rtrecht,lnniS,tbBogllhOovernmont
instated on compensation from the Spanish Government
for having violated a contract which the Snanlsh Oonrm.
ment had establuhed the unqualified and exclusive privi-
uriuan uuTerumeuc 01 importing slaves into
her West India colonies ! That was not than mumuit
w ifuuuc munn out n m now. I ajluae lo it to show
that the Introduction of slavery into the Southern States,
Mm uo w ue fiami upon tue generation mat actueved the
uiueueauence or una country. wiasYCB.
EmjtAiro! the proud and bright, the sea-girt Bom
Of every virtue every vice the home;
Fierce and Insatiate as her subject tea;
The mock'd world's foe; and yet gnat, bravo and free!
As drum to drum, o'er lorded earth and tea
Soands round the girdled world her mriUe.
So shriek to answering shriek still dogs her way.
Proclaiming England's crimes and England's sway.
Thou busiest merchant fat th' inhuman trade.
Who coined up blood and gold from crashed hearts mad,
nose motto" Freedom and the Trade In Slaves!"
Rang through thy streets-and echoed o'er thy wave ;
Who, in dark treaties, still secured the rivht
Which o'er the Western world has east a blirfit :
And brought thy freights of flesh, 'neath whin and chain.
ara our young brow with the curse of Cain I
Thou canst reproach us thou I with pious tone.
Canst taunt us with the wrongs which thou hast done
Ilast done, and would do, though thy victim's cry
Should rouse the bolts that slumber in th sky t
Wo conscious pang th wrong thy bosom lent.
Till the trade ceased to yield the out par cent,
N'or ceased thy bonds to press the mint slave's veins,
Until his freedom added to thy gain.
Thou dartt revile as I who, when India's sua
Shine, but not smiles, upon a realm undone.
Bast, wolf-like, Iapp'd up blood; bast mocked at trust;
And built an empire on aa empire's dnst I
Oo, look through history's crime, and thou wilt se
That Borne, the Robberden, was meek to the.
Millions untold have fed thy lust and wrath.
And their wan shades now shriek along thy path.
And thou nvilst us! Harkl another .hel.k
Rings o'er the earth and pales creation's cheek.
Us China! calmest, meekest child of time ;
.. ....
centuries have r -
' w"",. erth -Tt could boast
poi wnere lutt of rule its po
rule its DOWer had but.
Strong, yet unthreat'ning ; strange to wrong or fear;
' never cose tne world a tear!
She has banned none; and Where's the robber band
Would carry war and woe to such a land f
Where, but beneath the red cross that has waved
Its crimson folds o'er isles and realms enslaved I
Where, but with those, who prate of mercy still,
Ev'n while they prate, in cold blood h.i. ..t .-.
ine paltry pretext! China dared deny
The right to poison would not eat and die.
Woe, then, to China I Let the red croos wave
Above the realm, a desert and a gravel
Let war and famine spread their baleful aightl
A nd England, o'er the ruin, preach of right I
Thou waited wall! Thou gory robber! Thou
Of merry tsik'st, with murder on thy brow :
And utterMit words ef peace the pure and good!
While thy Up bubble with thy brother's blood 1
Extraordinary Escape.
The last Abingdon Virginian contains
the following account :
' The Children of Mr. George Hickan, a
rrWrwrtnwravaiw neat tile uiuuui m
htuauiusiwja BlliaUUie. AU Uireil geuntrvw,
one of them, a boy about eight or ten
years of age, pushed , his little brother,
about four years old, headlong over the
edge and down into the deep, dark pit be
low. It was some time after the child
was missed, before any certain information
could be drawn from the others as to what
had become of him ; and it was only by
threats of severe punishment, that final
ly overcame their fear and extorted from
him who did the deed a confession of what
had happened. An effort was made imme
diately to ascertain 4he situation of the
little fellow and afford him relief, if he
was not beyond its power. Ropes were
tied together with a stone attached to one
end, and an attempt was made to fathom
the depth beneath, but more than sixty
feet of rope were employed in vain, no bot
tom could be reached. A lighted candle
was then let down, but its light gave no
hopeful indication except that the pit was
free of choke-damp, or impure sir, as far
down as the candle descended. Night came
on and all further efforts had to be for the
time abandoned On the next day farther
trials were made of the depth of the pit,
but with no better success. In des
pair, the frantic parents were about to
give up all hopes of recovery or rcleiving
their little innocent, and preparations were
being made to close up the mouth of the
pit, to prevent a like occurrence in future,
when it was suggested and agreed upon
that another and a final effort should be
made by letting some individual down by
ropes to examine the nature of the abyss
and asceitain if there was any encourage
ment for further efforts to be found below.
A brother of the lost child undertook
the fearful task. Cords were fastened
around his waist and limbs, and one to his
wrist, by which he might indicate to those
above his wishes cither to descend or to be
drawn up. He was swung off and slowly
lowered, until having gone to the depth of
about 50 feet, he looked below him, and
there shone through the thick darkness two
glistening eyes intently looking upward.
In another moment he was standing on a
shelf or angle in the shaft with the child
clasped to his bosom. He fastened the little
fellow securely to his own body, and Did
ding bim take the rope firmly in his hands,
the signal was given to draw np. The
child held convulsively to the rope, and in
a few minutes they rose within view of the
hundred anxious spectators, who bad as
sembled to witness tie result ; and when
the first glimpse of the little fellow alive
caught their eager gase,screams an dshonts
of joy from the excited multitude 4 tuiea
the air, andbig teats of sympathy started
from the eyes of every beholder. After the
first paroxysms of delight had subided,tbe
child wan examined to see if it had sustai
ned any injury and extraordiai-r to tell, J
with the exception of a little braise on
back of its head, it was perfectly found
and unhurt. The only complaint that it
made was that it was hungry, being nearly
27 hours -under the ground. To inquiries
made of it, it replied that it aaw a light,
and heard it thunder. From the nature
of tho pit, it appears that the little fellow
had fallen a perpendicular distance of 40
feet, upon a slope or bend in the shaft,and
from that place had alided down 20 feet
farther to the spot where he was found lea
ning against a sort of pillar or wall, and
gazing upward. How he escaped in
stant destruction is bevond au ac
count.
The Coxditos or Mexico. Rumors
of a revolution are rife in Mexico. The
Government seems to be at its wit's ends,
and Congress is no better off. After spen
ding many months in a vain endeavor to
devise ways and "means for replenishing"
their exhausted exchequer, they now find
themselves in a worse condition than at
first The only practicable measure, that
of removing the prohibitions," or restric
tions which now paralyze the industry and
commerce of the country, has been set
aside. For some time the Chambers have
been engaged in discussing the expediency
of granting the President extraordinary
powers, bo that he may be able to raise
funds in his own way, without any neces
sity for recourse to Congress. This meas
ure at last passed the Senate, and was, at
the last accounts, still under discussion in
the Chamber of Deputies. A Committee
of that body had reported in favor of it,
and there is little doubt that it passed on
the last day of the session. This would
make Arista a virtual dictator, and will
open the door for the attempts of other as
pirants. In fact, the country seems to be
in a very distracted condition, and rapidly
approaching a state of anarchy similar to
that which preceded the war with the Uni
ted States.
a mm ? iu?2.
IT CIUKLU aUCXeT.
A traveller threogk a durty road, ' :
""Tu baek beneaffls bourns. - - - -The
Aur mouse loved Ks dangling twigs.
The birds sweet music bore ; . . .
It stood a glory In its place -A
blessing evermore!
k little spring had lest It way . : -
Amid the grass and fern ;
A pairing stranger scooped a wen
Where weary men might turn;
Be wall'd it in, and hung with car
A ladle at the brink
lie thought not of toe deed he did.
But thought that toil mii:ht drink.
He passed again and lo 1 the well, . -
By sumtnera never dried.
Had coaled ten thousand parched tongues,
And saved a life bc&iuef
A dreamer dropped a random thought;
Twas old, and yet twas new
A simple fancy of the brain,
Kut strong in being true.
Kehone upon a genial mind,
Awl lo! its light became
A lamp of life a beacon ray ,
A monitory flame.
The tliought was small, the Issue great
- A watch-fire on the hill
It sneds its radiance far adowa.
And chcen the valley stilL .
A nameless man, amid the crowd
That thronged the daily mart,
Let fall a word of H'-pe and Love, ,
Unstudied, bom th heart; ' . ; ;
A whisper on the tumult thrown .
A transitory breath v .'
It raised a brother from the earth, ,
It saved a onl from death.
O germ ! O fount! O work of level . .
it thought at random east! - -A
Ye were but little at the first,
But mighty at the last 1 - -
The
Exemption Law The Credit
system.. . ; : -In
a suit in the court of common pleas
of Philadelphia county to recover property
sold by the sheriff, in alleged violation of
the provision of three hundred dollar bx-
emption law, Judge Parsons is represented
to have said that, "All the Jaws that Bad
been passed by the legislature for a um
ber of years back, to protect a poor man
en a. rptrosrade from civilization. For-
merly a poor man could get credit ; now
he could get none. Nobody would trust
him."
o
With all due deference to the better
judgment of Judge Parsons, we think Le
is wrong in his opinion of the enects oi the
three hundred dollar law, and the law
abolishing imprisonment for debt (which
we suppose is included m the measures ne
alludes to) upon the interests of the poor
We admit that there are cases, an
which credit is desirable and necessary for
the poor man, and that there are also cases
in which he is deprived of it by the ope
ration of the laws in question, but as a
general rule, deprivation of .credit is, in
our opinion, an advantage rather than an
injury to the poor man. " Man wants bnt
little here below," . and none but those
who have tried it are aware oi how little a
man can get along upon who limits his ex
penditures to his actual wants. This the
poor man who has no credit is compelled
to do, and gets along-, if not so comfortably
as he might upon a ' larger income, much
more independently, aye and in the . end
more comfortably than he would do by
seeking to increase his income by the use
of his credit, but in reality only increasing
his wants and anticipating future earnings,
which when the time comet for their re-
the i ceipt and necessary expenditure, are al-
ready appropriated.
To the business man the credit system is
unquestionably beneficial, when used and
not abused as it too often is ; but our own
experience is, that to the workinz man
the day laborer, the journeyman mechanic,
to any one who works for day wajres. it is
mucu more likely to piove injurious, and
... - w -
.that tue le33 ticv na7e do with it, the
Dciier.
The very assertion (no doubt of its be
ing a fact) that the enactment cf the laws
abolishing imprisonment for debt and ex
empting a limited amount of property, the
bare necessaries of life, from execution
and sale, operates to prevent the poor man
from obtaining credit, should show him
the nature and operations of that credit,
and of the friendship of those who will
only credit him on such conditions.
We could not easily be persuaded to re-
g.ru mat man as a incna, or as doing a
1.1 . f . . . .
friendly act, who would allow us to pur
chase from him on credit, articles either of
real or imaginary necessity with the de
termination if we should be unable to pay
at the stipulated time, to raise the money
by stripping our home of its comforts,
taking the beds from under our wife and
children, and the bread from their mouths,
or, failing in this, to compel payment by
consigning our body to a prison. Far
from it ; but on the contrary, when the
means are used that often are used, to in
duce men to contract debts, by the pur
chase of articles that are not necessary, by
the assurance that " the seller don't want
money,' relying upon the strong arm of
the law to enforce payment when he does
want it, we look upon the seducer as the
poor man's worst enemy, and the laws that
aid him in the enforcement of his claims
as relics of barbarism, that should not be
suffered to disgrace the statute books of a
free people. "Owe no man anything" was
the wise injunction of the great apostle,
and well would it be if all who acknowl
edge its inspired source would obey the
precept
For the working man the cash system
is the best, the only safe system, and it
would be well if those who nrofess so mneh
UVBSIJT MS ire ulnuumve ' mm vuij .. .,im.mp,
ges hewmfli rfenve rrtfta its AWjrWr- s
stead of plundering him of half his earn
ings by means of orders, trade prices,
semi-occasional payments, and the other
machinery of the credit system. Cash
payments and sound currency will conduce
more than anything else to the comfort,
prosperity and independence of the work
ing classes. Taid for their labor in cash
they will purchase what they want, aud
only what they want, upon the best terms,
if paid in a sound currency, which they
can lay by with an assurance that it will
not depreciate or become worthless in a
day, a month, or a year.
Ashinplaster currency has the same
effect in leading the poor man to dissipate
his earnings that the credit system has ;
in the one case he is induced by the desire
of possession, which he is tempted by the
cupidity of 'the vender to gratify, to anti
cipate his earnings, and for the possession
of that which he does not really need, de
prive himself at a future day of the ability
to procure that, for want of whicli himself
and family must suffer privation ; an( in
the other case he purchases aa unnecessary
article, that he may have soma value for
that which he fears will -trovc valueless
before he has occasion to. spend it neces
sarily. The legislature of Michigan, we believe,
have abolished all laws for the collection
of debts, and we are of the opinion that
they have don e wisely. The great blessing
of the credit system is the impetus it gives
to business, the facilities it affords for in
creased production, and over production
appears to be the very "error of the times,"
the fruitful cause of all the evils that op
press labor and improviBh capital. If the
effeot is really so injurious, the cause can
not be beneficial. We do not believe that
the rapid increase of the comforts and nec
essaries of life is necessarily an evil; the
evil lies only in their imperfect distribu
tion; but wo do believe that the desire for
I gain, the disposition to expand all kind of
business operations, to multiply factories,
funiaces, forges, and even farms, needs
no artificial or legislative stimulus, but
that the interests of all concerned would
be ultimately enhanced by occasionally
putting on the break,as theaction of the le
gislature of Michigan will most assuredly
do. Harrubttry Keystone.
Though sometimes, small evils, like in
visible insects, inflict pains, and a single
hair m&v stop a vast machine, vet the
chief secret of comfort lies in not suffering
trifles to vex one, and in prudently culti
vating an under-growth of small pleasures
- - Mil nnea a1.in ! are let OU
B1UGU vol J K jv
long leases. '
Uifintereetednees is the very ioui or
-Jr" , -''
virtue. ....,-.
She l?G3C2C2.
rrom the Pannsylvasm Fara limine!
On Oep Flowing. .
Mr. Editor : The business of fanning
differs materially from other pursuita ia
that it confines pno more to his boa, and
his own broad acres, and allows less leisure
to travel and collect from the practice of
other hints for Cis own management, than
the merchant manufacturer, or even me
chanic. This disadvantage can oalr bo
remedied ia one way, by the urculatioai
of agricultural periodicals Eke the "Farm
Journal," which, in tact, are nnthJnj mm
than the practice and eiehee of rood fiknav-
mg recorded in a book, certainly not the
less valuable on that account; sod tans
reaching many a corner of the kad other
wise inacceasible. The fatal prejudice
against look farming, which is only ob
servations oo culture printed instead of
spoken, has, in a great eVjeasote, passed
away, and our practical farmers now sod
their true interests to consist not only ia
reading agricultural journals, but in writ
ing for thenv
Among other innovations ea old systems
brought about in this way, the heading of
this article b one. I hare aonurvW
seen the observation that there is some ex
cuse for the yearly renter ef a tarsi t
plough shallow, but none for the owner of
the soiL The one wants to get all he can,
even at the expense of the had, the latter
permanently to improve, while cropping it.
I doubt whether it is to the advantage of
either renter or owner to plough shallow.
In the spring of 1844, 1 broke ud a stiff
souior corn, with a heavy plough, (Proa
ty's 5J) drawn by two yoke of oxen, to th
a
depth of nearly eighteen inches. I then fol
lowed immediately behind with a subsoil
plough, which stirred up the subsoil to the
depth of six or seven inehes more. After
the ploughing and harrowing were finkked,
a stick could be pushed down ia nearly
every part of it, to the depth of fouateea or
fifteen inches of loose earth. . It was well
ploughed and the experiment was a bir
one. We may remember that that sum--mer
was a very dry one. -. Not oalj were,
our pasture fields burnt ap sad hare, bat
Enriand iTT-IIilT . Cattle:
wathr.
in the fill. Tr f.u.;'fT.fUy tsii saI
I was told it had beea a common remark
of the neighbors and passers-by, how grejfs
and luxuriant it eeatinued throrigh the
season, compared with others aroandi it.
This was aa instance of the beoeft of deep
ploughing ia a dry season, and I hold it
would have been equally perceptible ia a '
very wet eae.. The depth of soil, would
have allowed the superabandant moisture
to pass off, and thus relieve the roots of
growing crops. In we er dry seasons, in
rich or poor land, I eeatend for deep plow
ing. To be urc ia an exhausted soil.
or in a naturally deficient one, very deep
ploughmg is not to be at once adopted,
but the tysim is correct, each year to go
a little deeper. ' 5 "' ;
It is s prising to soe the practice of
many Sinners, working for years, plough
ing, nutnuriug, and planting but four or
ova inches deep, fearful of toavhing the
hard yellow substratum. Ask the ques
tion, and it will be admitted, that if there
was twelve inches of depth as rich as four
inches, it would be a fine thing; bat how
to accomplish this, unless by plowing and '
turning it up to the influence of the at
mosphere, would be difficult to answer
The larger the source from whence grow
ing crops derive their nutriment, of coarse
the larger the crop. A given amount of
surface representing tea inches deep of '
good sou, of coarse supplies more food to
plants, than the same amount of surface
only four - inches deep. " A fear is
often expressed of burying out of reach by
deep plowing, the shallow surface soil, bat
the advantage of turning ap the hard sub
stratum to the influence of ht ran and
air and atmospheric gases, and its conse
quent speedy melioration is tost sight of. '
Deep and thorough plouzhmir, thorough
pulverisation of the particles of soil, allow- :
ing of the free admission of air between "
them, coupled with the use of plaster and '
lime on the surface, and repeated narrow-
in gs or stirrings, will soon render productive
and profitable a subsoil hitherto valueless,
and thus greatly augment the supplies and
sources of food for plants. . :
fASciuui Morris.
West Chester Pa., 6th mo. 6, 1851.
Sixotjlar Freak or Nsttjbx The
Fairfax (Va.) News states, oa the premie
es of Mr. Cyrus Burson, 8 miles from Al
exandria, two fowls, truely "half chicken
and half turkeys," have been hatched iron,
the eggs of a turkey. They are both alive.
Paper Carpet? TCindnaati Noa
pareil says that a Mr. L. Howard has ditv
covered a process by which sarpets eaa be
prepared from ordinary wal paper, pissed
upon canvass and vanuaaed, whinhailasja.
are nest and durable, and which ean bat
uaoroeaai men ww pnees wa. we taisk
they wl!l come mto extensive use-
. , ' . .,.' .- -t ;.. , !.(.
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