LEWIS
BURG
C
CM
Volnme YII1, Wmnber 10.
Whole Number 374."
H. C. fflCKOK, Editor.
O.N.W0RDEW, Printer.
LEWISBURG, UNION COUNTY, PENK, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 4, 1851
Uiia J- J J-tJ , I gets neatness, and a nice school room is
A, iicDErixnixT rmiLT joraxn., letter treated ly the slovenly than a neg-
hiucden HWnwrfay morning, at J.cu.hburS, me The her lhus intr0(luwj
liuon county, rennsylrama. , .
TEfflfxti sopTTna-.frrnuai .rt.iiy in one thing after another, taking care not to
1. 1- ....mh. liiilwu-TillLMMltt for NU lU-mtll ur I'-HS. t.
hm Mid in daow. IMw-untinaancw o4ional nitli the
uMiahrr. rxei-pt whm the yur in pal up.
Advertisements hndmwly inwrted at M mil per
uuuc on wm-k. 1 mr tf k, $j yor: tw.. tuiv.
i lor six month. iJ for a yrmx. Morcantilo a-lwrtwo-ii-nt,
IK nline one fourth of a column, flu.
JOB WORK and raaual ndrertiannents to be paid for
w ben handed in r delivered.
Communications a-li.-U.-d on all saVets of peneral
Inttrmt not within the ranee f Marty or sntanan eon teat.
JI letter mnxt wmr piwt-paht. nrrmiinK.'d by the real
a id -ess of the writer, to iwire atu-nlii-n. oThoe
Trlalin exeluairely to Mm Kditnrinl la.parlm.-iit, V, 1
A m ted to llT '. llirmoK. Bq Kiitiw aud tlnwe on
biiinetw to tl. V Wolini:. I'tilJUItrr.
tllDoeon Market street, between Peeond and Third, ever
the INvMJnnr. X. WOKHKX. ITopri. tor.
The Bible.
Th'u little book I'd ruber own.
Than all the gold and rrmi
That e'er in monarch's ccflera shone
Than all their diadems.
Kay, were the sea one chrysolite,
The earth a goldt-n ball,
And diamonds all the stars of night,
This book were worth them all.
How baleful to ambition's eye
His blood-wronged spoils must steam;
When deeth's uplifted hand is nigh,
Ilia lile a vanished dream !
Then bear bim wilh his grasping breath
For one poor moment crave !
Fool ! wouldst thou slay the arm of death !
Ask for the gold to save !
No, no ! the sou! ne'er found relief
In glittering hoards of wealth ;
Gems dazzle not the eye of grief,
(old can not imchase health ;
But here a blessed balm appears.
To heal the deepest woe ; -And
ne that recks this book in tears,
His teara shall cease to flow.
Here he who died on Calvary's tree,
ilalb made that promise blcel :
"Ye heavy laden, come to me,
And I will give yen rest,
A bruised reed I will not break,
A contrite wart deopise ;
llj burden's light, and all who taka
My joke, shall wiii the skies."
Va, -yes, this little book is worth
All else lo morula given ;
For what are all the joys of earth.
Compared to joys in Heaven 1
Thia is the guide our Father gave
To lead lo realm f jay
A star whose lustre gilds the grave
"The light the life the way."
Or, the Influence ef School on Home.
It is to be regretted that committees
pay go little regard to manners, in the
selection of teachers ; and if their morals
are good, and their acquaintance with the
common branches of study respectable,
employ them without mnt-h regard to the
questions whether they were courteous
arc refined and gentlemanly in their be
havior, and industrious and upright. Now,
what the teacher is, in this respect, the
pupils will generally be ; and, unless they
see better patterns at home, the standard
of the teacher will be theirs also. If they
see the teacher addicted to any habit, they
will think it manly to imitate him ; if he
spite upon the floor, or blows his nose with
his Sneers, and then, pernaps wipes mem
i, niuitaloon. the child will do the
VU stn g--
same. If his boots are seldom cleancd,thc
child will be likely to boast that he brings
more mud into the school than the master.
We were into this train of remark by an
incident that took place in a village of .Mas
sachusetts, where the teacher was accus
tomed to regard his personal appearance,
and to require some attention to theirs from
his pupils. When be took charge of the
school, he noticed that the pupils, in mud
dy weather, were accustomed to enter the
school room and stamp the mud upon the
floor, or carry it to their seats and soil the
floor for a large ppace around them. No
sweeping could clean such a floor, and none
had been attempted more than once a
a week. Determined to make an attempt at
reform the teacher obtained a piece of iron
hoop, and nailing one end to the door, be
fastened the other to a walnut stake that
he drove into the ground. Every child
was required to scrape his shoes before be
entered the room, and the consequence was
that the true floor became visible through
the crust that covered it The next step
was to get a rug for the entry, and a neat
farmer's wife readily gave him an old rug
that she could spare. It did not take him
long to induce the habit of scraping and
wiping the shoes, and a lad or miss who
did not do this, was soon noticed by the
rest, and made to feel that he or she had
not done all that was required. Soon af
ter the rug was iutr-xluced, the teacher
ventured to have the whole floor of the
room washed, not scoured, for he had to do
it himself one Saturday afternoon, and
washing was all that he was competent to
do. When the scholars came on Monday
morning, it was evident that they were
taken by surprise- They had never seen
the like beforc,the Tory knots in the hoards
were visible, and they gave several extra
runt and scrapes before they ventured to
set foot on the beauties go strangely ex
posed. This is always the case : we have
known a man who exercised the muscles of
his under-jaw by chewing tobacco, and
who spit the saliva without compunction
upon the floor of the school room like a
crazy man, to find a place of deposit fer
penalty for a breach of the rules of neat
ness, he introduced a public sentiment
which restrained the pupils more effectu
ally than the rod ; and as his own exam
ple was always made to second his rules,
the children found no great hardship or
injustice in them.
Among the scholars was one little fellow
about eight years old, named Freddy Gar
rish, whose parents were poor aud cared
little for appearances, if the children had
bread enough to eat from day to day.
Freddy was the oldest of five children, and
wheu not at school he was generally mind
ing his little brothers and sisters, as the
Irish term what we call tending or taking
care of them.
One day on his way home from school
he found an iron hoop, aud before night
he had a scraper before the only door of
the house. It so happened that, when his
father came home, his boots were covered
with bog mud, aud almost for the first
time J ii hit. life, he looked around
something to cleau them. The scraper
that Freddy had placed there was just the
thing, and the little fellow was praised for
his ingenuity. .Soon after a sheep wis
killed hy a dog in the field near 31 r. Ger-
father, and if you will make me one, I
will take it full pay for the paint and the
Bible." "I can't make one good enough
foryou,'' said Freddy bashfully. " That
is my look out," said the man, "so carry
home the paint, and come when you can
and make the seiapcr." Freddy went
home : and when his mother saw him
with a look under one arm, and both hands
holding on to the paint dot, she exclaimed,
''Why, Freddy, what have you done 1" I
only told you to ask the'priee of the paint"
"I know it," said Freddy, "but the man
made a trade with me, and he is to give
uic all these if I will make him a scraper
at his door, and I am going lo do it." j
To make a long story 6hort, the scraper
at the school door was the making of Mr.
lerrish and his family. The entire change
of habits introduced into their humble
"My poor delicate wife, who adored the
child, filled the house with her lamenta
tions ; medical aid was at hand. I would
have died for my Lily ; 1 besought the
Almighty ; I " he bowed his head "I
dared him to summon m y idol ; I was wild:
I was mad mad.
"Consciousness was restored ; but the
mind was stricken ; it had folded its wings
when the fire bolt scathed their brightness,
and it has never soared since."
" But we love her even more dearly,"
and he impressed burning kisses upon the
child's waxen brow, "we love her with
a more intense devotion ; it - would be
death to part with her now, God spare me
to strengthen the drooping plant; my poor
crushed Lily !" j
I stole one glance more at the child j
she was asleep. The noble father bore her j
searching and feat less scrutiny, before the
final verdict is rendered at the polls.
Union Timet.
Boys after Nightfall.
Parents will please read the following,
and profit by it
I have been an observer, as I am a sym
pathizing lover of boys. I like to see them
happy, cheerful, gleesomc. I am not wil
ling that they be cheated out of the right
ful heritage of youth indeed I can hard
ly understand how a high toned, useful
man can be the ripened fruit of a boy who
has not enjoyed a fair share of the glad
privileges due to youth. But while
watch with a very jealous eye all rights
and customs which entrench upon the pro
per rights of boys, I am equally apprcheu
sive lest parents who arc not fore-thought
ful, and who have not habituated them'
dwelling, not only led to neatness and i iu his arms, and laid her upon a rich velvet Lm to cloae observation npon this sub-
fish's house, and as no one cared for it,
Freddy offered to bury it if he might Jiave
the skin, which had but little wool on it.
lie borrowed a jack knife of a larger boy,
order, but to tlinit ana coniiort. ine
scraper was made for the coachinaker, who
continued to do a hundred other friendly
acts for the family. Freddy obtained in
excellent education, and has since
become tn intelligent and wealthy far
mer ; and when he built his new house,
he carefully placed the old scraper by the
for! side of the dwr, as if it were a talisman.
Master Hall taught from district to district,
and being of a slender constitution, his
health early failed, and he was quietly laid
in the churchyard of a retired village, un
conscious that the seed he had sown had
Lad ever produced any fruit like that we
have described. Freddy could never dis
cover his resting place, but erected a neat
cenotaph to his memory near the school
and soon stripped off the skin from the i house, which he also rebuilt, and once a
body, and then cutting as large a square j year he collects the children of the village
out of it as he could, he went homo aud around it and tells them the story of the
proposed to his mother to nail it down in scraper at the old school door. Common
the entry. This was done to please Fred- fkliuol .Journal.
dy, and the baby was allowed to sit on it
until father came home. The effect of
Freddy's attempt at reform was soon felt,
and his mother was no longer heard to say,
as she often had done, "It's no use to
said
The Crushed Lily.
BT ITKS. . A. MM30.
There is but one thing in that beautiful
house, with its lavish adornments, its
sweep. -niie, saw jtr. t.errisli one Utately halls, gorgeously fitted apartments,
evening, "your floor is whiter than the ; Wa J : mu
wall; 1 must get some lime and white- oatcj furniture, that gave a sadness to my
wash a little, for Freddy's scraper seems heart when I chanced to raze upon it,
to have a tail to it. luc room was shin
ing white before another day was passed,
and the cooking utensils began to look ill,
standing around the ttjne. Mr. Gerrish,
who was a good fanner, changed work with
a carpenter, and had a neat set of shelves
i made with a cupboard under them. One
day after she had scoured the floor, Mrs.
Gcrrish said to herself, " I wonder if I
can not paint this floor well enough for
poor people, for though a white floor looks
sending a thrill of aching anguish to my
innermost being ; and that object was a
child.
It may seem strange, but the first time
I beheld this lovely creature, (and never
before saw I auglit so beautiful,) I shud
dered with an undefinablc feeling of terror.
A something vague, indistinct, mystical,
enthralled me, and while I gazed upon the
cotteh ; thcu, as the threads of gold fell in
shining bands over the rich fabric, and
mingled with the glittering bullion that
fringed the dark drapery, he sighed heav
ily, and turning, left the apartment with
hurried tread.
" Truly a crushed Lily," whispered I,
as I bent over and touched my lips to the
crimson petals of her sweet mouth.
Dear little angel, she is in heaven now,
an d the broad domains of her father have
fallen into the possession of distant kind
red. '
The Judiciary.
In October the people of Pennsylvania
will be called upon, for the first time in
the history of the Commonwealth, to make
their own selection of the persons who arc
to expound and administer the laws, for
the next ten years, in our courts of justice.
The amended Constitution imposes a grave
responsibility npon the citizens of the
State, to meet which properly will require
the intelligent exercise of more than ordi
nary prudence and circumspection. It is
well known that this radical change in the
organic law was occasioned, principally,
by the unwise course of the Executive
branch of the government, in many in-
euauces ui lutv j wtrs, iu piaciug lucuiupc
tent or uuworthyjwlgesonthe bench; and
it depends entirely upon the manner in
which the people discharge the momentous
duty thus devolved npon them, whether
the change shall prove a blessing or a
curse. If the latter, it would be one of the
heaviest calamities that could befall the
body politic.
Political preferences will doubtless ex
ert an influence to a greater or less extent.
But the essential merits of this whole sub-
little creature like one fascinated, I felt it ! jcet rise so far above all mere partizan in-
well, it is easier to clean a painted one."
Freddy was dispatched to the coachmaker's
to ask what some suitable paint would
cost. "How bi; is your room ?" said the
man, who had noticed that Freddy was
never among the boys that were doing
mischief. " Four times as long as I can
reach one way, and five times the other," i
said Freddy. The man applied the rule
to his arms, and said, " It will cost you
half a dollar ? Who is to do the work ?"
said the man. " Mother, sir, is going to
try, because she can't afford to pay for the
paint and the painting too, and she wants
to do it before father comes home." "You
love her, don't jou V said the coach-ma
ker. " I guess I do," said Freddy, "and
she loves me, too, because I made a scra
per at her door like Master Hall's at the
school. She says if it had not been for
the scraper, she never should have thought
of the paint, and we arc going to stay in
the bedroom or out of doors till the paint
is dry." "I see through it," said the man.
"Go home and tell your mother I will
come presently and paint the floor for
nothing. The boy was starting off, when
the coachinaker recollected that half the
charm was to consist in the wife's doing
the work, and surprising her husband with
a floor painted by her own hand, and
called the boy back aud asked if his moth
er had any money. "A little," said he,
"she bought some yarn and knit three
pairs of stockings while the baby was
asleep,and sold them." "Here is the paint,''
said the man, "I give it to you, my little
fellow, because you love your mother."
The little fellow's eyes glared in astonish
ment at the idea of possessing so much
paint, aud of being paid for so easy a task
as loving his mother, and as the big tears
began to roll down his checks, he said,
"Mothcr'll be able to buy the Bible now."
"What Bible?" said the man, who had be
come interested in the boy. " The Bible
for me to read every night and mornin",
as the master docs." "1 have some Bibles
to give away," said the man, "and if you
will not spill the paint, yon may tako one
under your arm." "I declare," said Fred
dy, "I don't know what mother will gay
w ail this, llow will she pay yon, sir?"
"Would you like to do a little work for
mc,my little fellow?" "I guess I should,"
said Freddy, "if I was big enough I'd work
for you ever so long." "I want just snch
a scraper at iny door as you made your
j could not be a being of earth, I knew it
was not a being of heaven.
She was very slight and fairy like, and
her hair absolutely hung about her delicate
tcrcsts, and are so intimately connected
with the well being of the entire commu
nity, in all the relations of life, and are we
think so thoroughly appreciated by the
- ..... ....
little form, shrouding it like a glittering ; great oody ot the people, that we are per
gossainer mantle, in a shower of golden j suaded they will give a true and safe res
gleaming curls. Her deep set yet large : rnse to this new appeal to their sagacity
and spiritual eyes were, chameleon like, and honesty of purpose. And any party
constantly changing in expression, some- or body of men which should underrate
times appearing a deep brown, sometimes a
soft dark blue, sometimes intensely black.
She was dressed with exquisite taste, and
her little robes were lavishly adorned with
various shades of silken embroidery. Her
complexion was colorless, but dazzling;
her expression ah ! there was the myste
ry at once spiritual, heavenly, and yet
wanting in earthly intelligence. She was
an only child, and heiress to an immense
fortune.
Perceiving my bewildered and half
averted glance, the father, a man of great
beauty of countenance, and a most com
manding figure, drew the little girl to
wards him ; and while a shadow veiled his
brow, he said in a subdued voice, "this is
our Lily, madam, our dear little crushed
Lily ;" and he folded her to his heart, and
gazed down yearningly upon her.
" She was one of the most frolicksome
children," he continued, "bounding from
room to room, flinging her thrilling bird
notes through the corridors, and laughing
in infant joyousncss, only a year ago."
"It was but a year ago, my Lily," he
murmured plaintively, drawing her closer
to his manly bosom.
"One day there was a wild storm ; a ter
rific tempest ; and we all sat hushed and
breathless, listening to the rolling crash of
the reverberating thunder, whose hollow
echoes yet ring in my car.
We sat together; I supported my
shrinking wife ; little Lily had flung her
self upon the floor and buried her face in
my lap. Suddenly the atmosphere became
dark and heavy ; even my heart, stern as
I am, grew sick with fear. The, castle
rocked, the wind seemed to pour in sheeted
gusts, against the windows.
A great flash of red light filled the apart
ment ; a quick shriek succeeded ; and my
beauteous child rolled over from my lap
upon the floor, with distorted fcatures,and
extended cyc-balls. 0 ! my God ! can I
ever forget that moment, freighted with so
much wo to me?" '
Large drops stood in his eyes, and for
mysclfj I was weeping. .
the one, or attempt to impose upon the
other will find they can not do so with im
punity. Disaster to themselves, and the
signal discomfiture of their candidates will
be the inevitable result
Neither party politics Bor local feuds
should be suffered to have the control in
the election of Judges ; especially if they
should tend to the exclusion, or prejudice,
of the high and paramount objects which
should be kept constantly in view by every
voter in making up his mind, and deposi
ting his ballot. Nor are amiability of
character, and mere personal popularity,
the only qualifications for these posts of
honor and responsibility. It is indispen
sible that, in addition to these, the incum
bents should possess decision and energy
of character, habits of industry and close
study, fullness of legal learning and read
iness in applying it, and capacity for the
prompt and accurate dispatch of business;
as well as integrity and a sound judgment
And if our Governors, cither through mis
taken kindness, or as a tardy reward for
political services, have erred in any of
these important particulars, it is no reason
why the people should, or will, follow their
ill advised example, and in so doing, prove
themselves insensible to the high value of
tho prerogative so fully transferred to their
keeping.
It is not onr intention to enter here np
on a lengthy discussion of this subject;
but it is proper that attention should be
directed to it at an early day, and the ob
jects and design of this amendment of the
Constitution, and the condition of things
in the respective districts, be kept dis
tinctly before the public ; and after delib
erate reflection, be acted on by every vo
ter with caution and independence. It is
well to admonish State Conventions, and
aspirants to the Supreme Bench, and the
President Judgeships, that intrigue and
factious combinations will be rebuked at
the ballot box; and to remind candidates
that upon this occasion, above all others,
the people and the press will subject their
pretensions, and capacity, to the most
jcet, permit their sons indulgences which
are almost certain to result in the r demor
alization, if not in their total ruin ; and
among the habits which I have observed
as tending most surely to ruin, I know of
none more prominent than that of parents
permitting their sons to bo in the streets
after nightfall. It is ruinous to their mo
rals in all instances. They acquire under
the cover of night, an unhealthful state of
mind; bad, vulgar, immoral, and profane
language, obscene practices, crimiual sen'
tiinents, a lawless and riotous bearing.
Indeed it is in the streets after nightfall
that the boys principally acquire the eda
cation of the bad, and capacity for becom
ing rowdy, dissolute, criminal men. Pa
rents should in this particular have a rigid
and inflexible rule, that never will permit
a son, under any circumstances whatever,
to go in the streets after nightfall, with a
view of engaging in out-of-door sports, or
meet other boys for social or chance occu
pation. A rigid rule of this kind, invari
ably adhered to, will soon deaden the de
sire of such dangerous practices. Boys
should be taught to have pleasures around
the family centre-table, in reading, in con-
n .(inn n .1 T -1 . . T
gentlemen s Sons, are seen in the streets
after nightfall, behaving in a manner en
tirely destructive of all gocfl morals. Fa
thers aud mothers, keep your boys home at
night, and see that you take pains to make
your homes pleasant, attractive, and profi
table to them ; and, above all, with a view
of their security from future destruction,
let them not become, while forming their
characters for life, so accustomed to disre
gard the moral sense of shame, as to open
Iy violate the Sabbath day, in street pass-
times, during its day or evening hours.
A True F riend of the Bnys.
The Upright Han of Business.
There is no being in the world for whom
I feel a higher moral respect and admira
tion, than for the upright man of business.
No, not for the philanthropist, the miss
ionary, or the martyr. I feel that I could
more easily be a martyr, than a man of
that lofty moral uprightness. And let me
say yet more distinctly, that it is not for
the generous man that I feel this kind of
respect. Generosity scensa to me a low
qualify, a mero impulse, compared with
the lofty virtues I speak of. It is not for
the man who distributes charities who
bestows magnificent donations; That may
all do very well. I speak not to disparage
it I wish there was more of it ; 'and yet
it may all exist with a want of the true,
lofty, unbending uprightness. That is not
the man, then, of whom I speak ; but it
is he who stands amidst all the interest
and perilous exigencies of trade, firm,calmj
disinterested and upright It is the man
who can see another man's distress as well
as his own. It is the man whose mind
his own advantage does not blind for an
instant who could sit a judge npon a
question between himself and his neighbor,
just as safely as the purest magistrate upon
the bench of justice-
Ah ! how much richer than ermine
how far nobler than a train of magisterial
authority how more awful than the guar
ded pomp of majesty, is that simple, mag
nanimous and majestic truth ! Tes, it is
the man who is true -true to himself, his
neighbor and his God true to his con
science, and who feels that the slightest
suggestion of that conscience is more to
him than the chance of acquiring an hun
dred estates.
Growlers.
There is a class of men in every commu
nity, who go about with vinegar faces,
growling because somebody feci above
them, or because they are not appreciated
as they should be, and who have a constant
quarrel with their destiny. These men,
usually, have made a very grave mistake
in the estimate of their abilities, or are un
mitigated asses. In cither case they arc
unfortunate. Wherever this fault finding
with one's condition or position occurs,
there is always a want of self-respect. If
people despise you, do not tell it over town.
If you arc smart, show it Do something,
and keep doing. If you arc a right down
clever fellow, wash the wormwood off your
face, and show your good will by your
deeds. Then, if people feci above you, go
straight off and feel above them. If they
turn up their noses because your arc a me
chanic or farmer, or a shop boy,turn yours
up a notch higher. If they swell when
they pass you in the street, swell yourself,
and if this docs not "fetch them," con
clude very good-naturedly that they are
unworthy your acquaintance, and pity them
for missing such a capital chince to get
into good scciety.
Society never estimates a man at what
he imagines himself to be. He must show
himself to be possessed of self-respect, iu-
dependencee, energy to will and to do, and
a good sound heart These qualities and
possessions will "put him through." Who
blames a man for feeling above those who
are mean enough to go around, like babies,
telling how people abuse them, and whin
ing because society will not take them by
the collar and drag them into decency?
The Farmer.
I ram tlie (n-nnantown Tt.lrgraih.
Harrows and Harrowing.
Editor: For old lands which are silv ct.iuuiiin;.-...ro.lr..i
I -.wVM UV
Frum tlie Pranjjlrania Farm Jonnul.
Hints to Agricultural Writers.
In the establishment of an Agricultural
Journal, you have entered upon a fiekl
where your labor may be turned to a moat
profitable account. We do not derogate
from the character of the farmer, when we
assert that they have much to learn of the
business in which they are engaged. Ag
riculture as a Science, to understand it
thoroughly, calls into requisition a moat ex
tended circle of knowledge, and demands
an expanded degree of thought and study,
which is incompatible with the every-day
avocations of a farmer. His opportunities
and mode of life, forbid the application of
his time to such pursuits : he must deal
with practical results attained by others,
whose better opportunities have enabled
them to prosecute the study of scientific "
knowledge,and reduce its elements to prac
tical conclusions. This view of the subject
seems to point out to you the plan upon
which an Agricultural Journal shnnl.1 I-
conducted. To render it valuable it should
treat of subjects, and be couched in such
languago as will be easily understood bj
that class of readers whom yo hope to
benefit by your labors. When we reflect
that every operation on the farm is based
upon some substantial reason; that every -implement
used is formed upon certain fix
ed mechanical trinciiW ami lm llf.t-
. .
cither enters into the consideration of the
oi-erator, how delightful a task it is to
treat of such subjects, and communicate to
the farmer in a plain intelligible phrase
ology the reason for the work in which he
ia engaged, or the principles upon which
his implements should be constructed. lie
knows from experience that certain cause
produce certaia results, but how few know
why such results are produced, although
the reason for each may be a plain simple
truth, a result of scientific knowledge, ea-
as easily understood.
already fina and mfllmr- siiifirr. brirr-nn-a: ...... . i . .11 .
, t uut ueiter illustrate ear view
.i t
man Dy reierring to certain examples. The
are preferable to triangular ones. Crotch
harrows are generally objectionable, as thry
bear ?n thn vrrart . . '
two wings, wliilc tlie most iniportaut part
is elevated from the ground, rendering the
teeth in front, nearly if not quite unser
viceable, while those in the central parts
of the harrow, scarcely touch the soil.
When intended for one horse, the harrow
should have four beams, and each beam
four teeth. They should be twelve inches
long, at least, and about three-fourths of
an inch square. For dressing off the sur
face of old soils, after it has been sufficient
ly worked, I find a light triangular harrow
sometimes of service. I lengthen the tra
ces, and by so doing bring the front part
down to the surface. Tho teeth iu
hould be
experience of every farmer haatamrKt Mm.
ingly injurious to it : but has the circum
stance itself caused him to inquire why it
is so? Is it too simple a t rut Is to teaeb
that the cultivated earth haa a capacity to
feed upon that nourishment with which it
is constantly supplied by the natural ele
ments : that light and heat are as essential
to its capacity for production as they are
to the vitality of the animal body : and
that the effect of ploughing land when it is
wet, is to shut up these mouths and luns.
and make it impervious to light, heat, and
nourishment, and forjlhe want of them it
dies ? This iL.i n-nul.l mVa r
. i ... ."ti v turn i ur-
surface. Tho teeth iu this mors a snbiect for tlumht. rul
but three-fourths of an inch them to carry their reflections into the
square, and somewhat nearer together than whole subject of T-lon'hin', and while ac-
in the former, as this arrangement will j tually engaged in the work, the naturally
cause a smoother, and more effectually j vigorous mind would expand into the in
covcr fine seeds. In harrowing, I always j qniry how it may always be done welL
pass the instrument lengthwise of the fur- Knowing then, that the object of rlouh-
" O
Origin of the American flag.
Mr. Tuppcr, the English poet, in his re
marks at the Maryland Historical Society's
anniversary, related an interesting fact,
which in his mind suggested what should
bo to Americans a pleasing idea possibly
a discovery as to the origin of the National
Flag. On making a pilgrimage to Mount
Vernon, he was forcibly struck by the
circumstance that the ancient family coat
of arms of the illustrious Washington con
sisted of three stars in the upper portion of
the shield, and three stripes below ; the
crest represented an eagle's bead, and the
motto was singularly appropriate to Amer
ican history : uxtus acta probat."
rows first, then diagonally, or from corner
to corner, and finish off with passing it al
ternately from side to side, aud from end
to end.
I think that most farmers miss the mark
greatly in not working their noils more
thoroughly. Thu finer the soil is made,
the more productive will it bo under any
circumstances. After the plow has done
its work, the application of the harrow
should be continued till all the lumps are
broken, and the entire surface, to the depth
of six inches, rendered perfectly light aud
loose, boil, well prepared, will feel to the
oot in passing over it, like a mmujbol it
will be soft, yet etwtir, something like a
bed ot dry meal. C.
ort".mnjton, Burls Co., Aprd 2o, ol.
the Nettle.
By the farmers of this country, the net
tle is proscribed as a noxious and worthless
weed. Yet in Holland it is far from being
regarded as valueless; the economical
Dutchman using it as a pot herb, in its
young state, and its roots for dying yellow.
The seed is also economised, and possesses
the reputation of imparting superior spirit
and activity to horses, as well as a fine lus
trous gloss-to their hair. It is sometimes
sown and cut as a green feed for cows
from four to six acres being appropriated
to its production on a single farm, and af
fording from five to six cuttings a year.
In the papers of the Bavarian Society it is
said to possess many important properties
of which the following are the most prom
inent: " Eaten in sallad, it relieves consump
tion ; it fattens horned cattle, whether ea
ten green or dried; it not ouly fattens
calves, but improves greatly the quality of
their flesh ; it is an autiJotu to most mala
dies ; sheep fed on it bring forth healthy
and vigorous lambs ; it promotes the lav
ing of eggs in hens; it improves the fat of
pigs ; the seeds, mixed witn oats, are ex
cellent for horses; it grows all the year
W . 11. . .
round, even in uie coldest weather, and the
fibres of the stem make an excellent hemp."
"The Bavarian oracle might have added,"
observes a late writer, "that fen plants
force better or more rapidly, and that the
tender shoots, bo produced, mako a delicate
and highly flavored pot-herb, resembling,
in many respects, the points of the pam-pion."-i6.
. . .
ui!? is to rut the LTOund in ttat r.U
w a, " - . j
able condition, in which it will the more
readily receive all these advantages which
it naturally requires, he will take another
step, and inquire into the character of the
plough he uses. Does it make that mis
called henutifal work, where the ploughed
ground is turned over as hard as a pressed
brick, over which you may walk without
making a foot print, or does it leave it in
the coudition we have before described,
ready to receive the nourishment which so
increases its capacity for production.
This is but one of the thousand plain
suggestions which may be offered to the in
telligent mind of the farmer, calculated to
produce thought, excite an interest in the
business in which he is engaged, and ulti
mately produce new and practical results.
Whilst we would not exclude entirely
from the columns of your journal, the de
scription of learned theories which peitaia
to agriculture as a Science, yet its editor
should never be unmindful how compara
tively few of his patrons will either read
or understand that which is expressed in
a phraseology as unintelligible as if itwtie
Greek.
It will be your province, too, to instil
into the minds of farmers a high toned
feeling of self-respect ; that their occupa
tion may not fall below the rest of man
kind, in taking rauk in that laudably am
bitious contest, which, in this age, seems
to urge the world forward in tlie race of
improvement. Their condition is an isol
ated one, and they have a corresponding
diffidence, which restrains them in their
intercourse with their fellow men, whilst
there is in their occupation a subject of
thought ; an intermingling of the order ,
and beauties of nature, and an indispensa
ble importance in its objeit,regult, which
claim for it that high degree of respect
which is always awarded to a well instruc
ted mind.
Upon the character of your Journal will
depend its usefulness, and its success will
be measured by tho impression it will
make in this particular. - - . t
Carlisle, Pa. F&EbZ&lCK WaTT.
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IJa