BURG
CHR
CLE
ON
LEW
a O. HICKOK, Editor.
0. N. WORSEN, Printer.
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whf, ln.M li. . n . lll. of r.o.r.1
Communications . .Parian ..! test.
ill l-ttcr. " .-tntion. ,Tliee
Family Government.
In looking ioio human life, and seeing
how entirely dependent for happiness and
character the child is upon the parent, we
can not but consider it one of the greatest
of the innumerable mysteries of Divine
Providence, that one being should be so
completely in the hands of another. The
wonder is increased by thinking how much
skill, how much knowledge, how much
firmness, what decision at one time, and
what delicacy of moral truth, if I may so
express it, at another, are necessary, in or
der in succeed in training up the infant
;nA . it nn.tht tn tie trained. It would
at sometimes almost seem that God has
given to parents a work to do, of such in
trinsic difficulties, as very far exceed the
capacities and the powers of those whom
he has commissioned to execute it. There
seems at first view, to be a want of corres
pondence between what, in a wisely balan
ced plan, we might suppose ought to be
nicelv adapted to each other, the moral ca
pabilities of the parent, and the moral ne
cessities of the child. We say at first view,
for on mature reflection we can discover
similar principles which common sense
and honest faithfulness will always suggest,
and which, steadily pursued, must secure
favorable results. Among the lower class
f society, we find many, very many, fa
milies of children well brought up ; and
among the higher classes, and those too
where virtue and Christian principle seem
to reign, and where religious instruction is
profusely given, we find total failure. The
children are sources of trouble and wretch
edness to their parents.from the time when
they gain the first victory over their moth
er, by screaming and struggling in the
cradle; to the months of wretchedness in
later life, during which they are brought
home night after night, Irom scenes of dis
sipation and vice.to break a mother's heart,
or to bleach the cheek of a father with sup
pressed and silent suffering.
Why are cases so frequent m which the
children of virtuous men grow up vicious
and abandoned? There are many wise,
delicate adjustments necessary to secure the
higUtt and betl results in the education of
a child, but the principles necessary for
tolerable success must be few and simple.
There are two which we wish we had a
voice loud enough to thunder in the ears
of every parent in the country ; there are
two, the breach of one or the other of
which will explain almost every case of
gross failure on the part of virtuous parents,
which we have ever known. They are
these :
1. Keep your children from bad compa
ny ; and
2. Make them obey you.
There is no time to enlarge on these
points ; but it seems to us that habita of in
subordination at home, and the company
of bad boys abroad, are the two great sour
ces of evil, which undo so much of what
moral and religious instruction would oth
erwise effect. The current of parental in
terest is setting towards mere instruction to
such an extent as to overrate altogether its
power; and the immense injury which
comes in from such sources as insubordin
ation and bad company, i overlooked and
forgotten. What folly to think that a boy
can play with the profane, impure, passio
nate boys who herd in the streets, six days
in the week, and have the stains all wiped
away by being compelled to learn his Sun
day school lessons on the seventh ; or that
children who make the kitchen or nursery
scens of riot and noise, from the age of !
three to eight years, will be prepared for j
any thing in after life but to carry thespi-1
rit of insubordination and riot wherever
they may go! No; children should be
laugat most certainly but they must also
be taken care of. They must be governed
at home, and be kept from contaminating
influences from abroad, or they are ruined.
If parents ask, how shall we make our
children obey ! we answer, in the easiest
and pleasantest way you can, but at all
events hake them oeev. If you ask how
shall we keep our boys from bad company?
we answer, too, in the easiest and pleasan
test way you possibly can.but at all events
htep tfctm out of the trttt$.
The alternative, it seems to us, is at
clear and decided at any which circumstan
ces ever made up for man ; but you must
govern your children, and keep tfom twsjr
from the contamination of vice, or you
must expect to spend your old age in mour
ning over the ruins of your family.
Abbott.
For tli Lewisborg Chronicle.
The Grass on my Heart
BT "NOVCS."
I hare lived but in her premier, for her ytrj smile was
lieht,
And I fcwd the flow her glance would Impart;
But the footsteps of another form came steal-n in the
nfebt.
And have trodden down the grata liwn mj heart.
I know the (tush of eestaey, the deep upswelling flame,
That bums within the bosom all it own ;
But my spirit's home is louely now a shrine without a
for the grass upon my heart U trodden down.
There Is sweetness in the memory of hallowed "pots and
hours,
When joy was in my breast and on my brow;
But faded is the sunny ecette, and drooped are all the
flowers,
For the grass upon mjr heart is trodden now.
I will not fling the curtain of a sad heart's sadder gloom,
Above the by -gone dreams that o'er me pass;
But call, at every eTetide, spectral hopes from out their
tmb,
To melancholy converse on the grass.
I would linger in the vision that attends the setUng sun,
And let my spirit weep away its pain;
But the warmth of luvc unchanging will enshrine that
cherished one.
Though Uie grass upon my heart should grow again.
LraiiBLRG, March,
Prayer for an Absent Husband.
BV MRS. ST. LEOX LOCO.
FlTiiEA In Heaven!
BchnlJ, lie whom I love is dnily treading
The atli i-f life in ucavinrK of soul.
With the thick darkness now amund him spreading
He long huth trir-n
Oh, Thou, most kind: break not the golden lowL
Father in Ib-aven!
Thou who so oft hat healed the broken-hearted,
Anil raised the weary spirit rowed with care
Let him not say his joy hath all departed,
Lest he be driven
Pown to the deep aby..s of dark def iair.
Father in Heaven !
Oh. grant to his most cherished hopes a blessings
Let peace and ret descend umn his head.
That his torn heart thy holy love possessing
May not be riven.
Let guardian angels watch his lonely bed.
Father in TTcaven!
Oh. may hie heart le stayed on Thee! each feeling
Still lifted up in frratitude and love;
And may that faith the joys of heaven revealing
To hiiu lie civen.
Till he shall praise Thy name in realms above.
The Chariot of Mercy.
BV MRS. ASA.
The chariot of mercy Is spreading its way,
Far. far throiurh the shadowy gloom.
Where the lands. Uiat in death's dark obscurity laj.
Are bursting tbe tars of their tomb.
I see where 'tis shedding Its luminous ray,
Dispersing the shadowsof night;
And the wondering nations are hailing the day,
am rejoice in ns gionous uguu
nslh-lujahs are sounding melodiously clear,
Borne sweet from tbe isles of the sea.
And the lands of tbe East send the echo afar,
And the long fettered Pagan is free.
And tbe Indian that roams thro' the green-prairicd West.
ow raises his tearHnoistene-1 eye.
As he welcomes with joy the glad tidings of rtff,
In a home far away in the sky.
And tbe dark-visaged son of the African wild
lias tasted Immanuel's love,
And his lioo-like nature grows tenderly mild,
As he hears the sweet news " from above.
P. chariot of merry, roll gloriously on,
And fly over mountain and sea.
Till the last ghomy shallow of darkness is gone,
And the loot fettered spirit ia tree!
ORIGINAL NARRATIVE.
Notes of a Seven Months' Journey to
CALIFORNIA,
VIA. FORT SMITH. HA ST A FK a IE A K1VER, AXD
THE TILL LAKES.
From the Private Journal kept by
WM. U. CllAMUEUUX, or Liwusceo, Pi.
CONTINUED.
Saturday,Sep.l 1. Did not start until 10
o'clock, being engaged in cutting up, and
packing our elk meat. We have reached
the western end of this Lake, and our course
is now north. Passed an Indian village,
of about 30 huts. They stay here during
dry season, and live upon fish, wild fowl,
muscles Sis. They also collect the seed of
a species of grass that grows along the lake
here in abundance. It resembles flaxseed,
somewhat, being of a glutinous nature.
They parch and pulverize it audit makes
a very good flour. We tried to purchase
some of it, being out of bread stuffs but
they would sell none. We endeavored to
hire a guide here) but failed. At this
place we came upon the trail of five Cali
fornia carts, which came from the Mission
of San Luis, and went to the mines, loaded
with merchandize. Encamped at the end
of the Lake, no wood or grass, and the
water still very nausoaus to the taste. We
spied, what we thought to be a pole stick
ing in the ground, about hall a mile from
camp. On going up to it we found a num
ber of small poles placed around an Iudian
grave, and the one we saw standing up
right. Glad to get firewood, we robbed it
completely, not stopping to discuss the
-
question of right or wrong. Again beset
by myriads of hungry mosfjuetoes. We
neither rested nor slept, during the whole
night. Distance, 15 miles 2414.
Wednesday, Sep. 12. Started early
but soon lost the trail, the country being
literally cut up with the paths of wild ani
mals. Saw a great many wild horses, elk,
antelope, wolves, rabbits, &c The horses
generally run in large " caballadas," a
hundred or more together. On first sight
of us, they toss up their beads and manes,
snort and prance about for a moment.
They then start at full speed for the moun
tains, always in single file. A cloud of
dust marks their course, for they seldom
stop until far out of sight. It is a beautiful
show. Tbey are of all colon and many
of them noble lookin animals. Tbey fre
LEWISBURG, UNION CO., PA., MARCH 26, 1851.
quently come near camp after dark, and j
.... . I
course around it all niRlil, endeavoring to
am. f
entice our mules away. The Spaniards
are in the ha'ait of coming into the valley
at a certi'i season of the year, to lasso
horses. This art must ceitaiuly require
very fleet and well trained animals. We
had not traveled long this morning before
we came in sight of limber, which we
hailed with joy, being the first vte have
seen for eicM days, or since we have been
in tkia vallpv ' Whpn caRie Uft With
the limber, we found it to border ou a deep
muddy stream, running south towards the
Lake. This we after ards learned, was
Lake Fork river, which we should hate
crossed. We were anxious to get over
but could find no fording. It apprars that
we are never to see the end of our troubles
and nernlesilies. Bv a most extended
niiu iicauiG9. v m --
calculation we had especied to be at the
mines before this time. We are now out
of provisions.and more than 100 miles from
the digging?. But we will not despair
while " we have the wide world before us
.... . . . j. I
and Providence for guide.'' Distance, 16
miles 2430.
Thursday, Sep. 13. After failing to
cross the stream yesterday we traveled 8
miles in a N. W. direction, and encamped
on the border of a swamp, where we found
sood erass. and tolerable water. This
morning we determined to return to the
river, being pretty certain, although not
sure that we should cross at that point.
We retraced our steps, aod after a long
search in vain, we gave up the idea that
we should cross there, aod concluded to
shape our course N. W., until we should
reach the Rio Son Joaquin. Returned to
the place we had left this morning and en
camped, making the loss of another day.
Very discouraging. Distance, 10 miles
2446.
Friday, Sep. 14. Found an Indian
trail this morning, which we followed for
several hours, when we came to a deep slue
of stagnant.though fresh good water. Here
we found two or three Indians encamped on
their way from the mines. They had
been working for Col. Fremont, and been
rjaid in blankets and clothing. These In-
f w
dians are very lazy, and will only work
for clothing, preferiing to steal their food,
live on acorns, roots, fish &c, or do with
out. They care nothing about money, and
if they happen to get any, it is immedi
ately spent for some article of clothing
or ornament. These Indians informed us
that we were four days journey from the
mines, two from the San Joaquin river,
without a trail and a difficult course, having
no landmarks, which we found pretty cor
rect, "only more so." After a hard day's
march, and a very winding one, we en
camped on a patch of good grass, near a
reed swamp, Irom whicn we procured
water. No wood. But we gathered a
la rue nile of dry wild horse dune and set
3 a
it on fire, which answered the purpose
very well, and is certainly an improvement
upon buffalo chips. We roasted the last
of our elk meat and ate it this evening.
Our provision sacks are now empty. Hav
ing nothing to cook our meat in, or wttn,
we were obliged to roast it upon spits, and
it was e!I scented by the fuel. With a
good wood fire, this is by far the best way
of cookine fresh meat. It has a much
sweeter flavor. We see an abundance of
game during the day, but can ndt get with
in shot, the country being so level, ihe
country still has the same barren appear
ance, except on the immediate borders oi
the marshes, slues, and river in the centre
of the vallev. Had we not became ac
customed to mirage, we would be deceived
bv it every day, as it is, it is hard to dis
believe what " our eves see." Groves of
trees, and fiats of grass constantly appear-
. . . ..
inrr be ore us. in tnis ueseri wasie, ana
a
never reaching them, only serves to make
traveling more wearisome and unpleasant.
u
The weather is now comfortable during
the day, and very cool at night, i he hazy
state of the atmosphere continues, and
heavy dews fall during the night. Wild
horses around camp this evening. Dis
tance, 25 miles 2471.
Saturday. Sen. 15. Shortly after we
started, three antelopes crossed our path, a
short distance ahead of us.being in advance
I shot two of them, one of which we packed
atonir. and cave the other to several emi
grants who had encamped with us, and
were also out of provisions. We shaped
our course N. W. and about 11 o'clock A.
M. reached a larce slue, which we at first
thoucht to be the river. It was about 30
c
yards wide, deep, but we could observe no
current, although the water was clear and
fresh, and abounded in fish. On the west
of us we saw a heavy line of timber, follow
ini down the slue in that direction we soon
reached its junction with the San Joaquin
river. We have reason to rejoice that we
have at last reached this point, for we
have been troubled and bewildered no little,
since entering the valley. Several mules
" rave out" before reaching camp this
evening, but were afterwards brought up.
s . . 4 .
Tkiact it. we are amongst tbe fir jer-1
sons that ever traveled down this desert
r . i it sL L L.MH .InMA ma
side oi ine vauey, wmcn c "
1 T"L ! .L.i.i Itfi rerrli
certained. The river is about CO yards
wide, and from 2 to 4 feet deep at this
place. The current runs at the rate of 1 J
miles per hour. The water is very cold,
clear and good. It runs on a bed of sand
which is bespangled with flakes of -'mica''
resembling gold, and abounds in fine fih
called mountain trout, of the same species
that we caught in the head waters of the
Rio Gila. The banks of the rivel are
skined with a thick growth of large and
small willows and underbrush. The entire
bed of the river is several hundred yards
in width, and the banks 15 feet higb.wbich
are no doubt full in timrs of high water.
We are encamped on the great bend of
the rivor, which a few miles west of us,
flows off in a N. W. direction. It rises in
--- -
the Sierra Nevada mountains, and flows
S. K. to this point, there its general course
is N. W. to its mouth. We have not yet
had a glimpse of the Sierra Nevada range.
Distance, 20 miles 2491-
. . n , 1
Sunday. Sep. 16. Eight of our mules
were missing this morning, and we did not
recover them until noon. We trailed them
several miles, and found them amongst a
band of wild horses. We had great diffi
culty in separating them from the horses,
and what seems strange, the mules that
were broksn down the evening before were
amongst the number. The wild animals
had led thorn away from camp during the
night. They are a great annoyance to
travelers. However, this delay proved a
fortunate circumstance to us. We did not
move camp. Cop. Dixon shot two ante
lopes, and one of our men who crossed the
rivr in search of the lost mules, met a
company of gold diggers on a " prospect
ing expedition to Kings Kiver, whichl
believe is a branch of the San Joaquin.
Their Captain, Mr. Wa!ke.s U an old In
dian trader, has Icn in this country some
years, and visi ed the States six tim -s, by
the overland route, lie cave us a great
deal of information concerning this country,
the cold mines &c. But what was belter
than all, we purchased three days rations
of American flour from them. This was
very providential. We gave 50 cts. per
quart for it, which was reasonable. These
various matters occupied our time during
the day. Indications of rain, but none
fell. We actually suffered from cold du
ring the night.
Monday, Sep. I7- rouna a snauow
fording, and crossed the river early this
morning. We hurried the mules througn,
which prevented their miring in the quick
sand. We wereadvised by Cap. Walker s
company, to continue up the river a day's
march, and then strike in a N. E. direction
for the mountains. We nooned at some
deserted Indian wigwams, and caught
some fish for dinner, which we roasted in
the ashes. The country lies higher on
this side of the river, but is almost as sterile
as the other side. The earth is of the
same ashy nature, into which the mules
sink at every step. The surface is made
irregular by the numerous little hillocks
scattered over it. We encamped on the
bank of the San Joaquin, which is certain
ly a pretty stream, runs in a clear bed, is
as clear as chrystal, and very meandering
in its course. Distance, 20 miles 251 1.
Tuesday. Sen 18. Left the river this
morning, and traveled in a N. E. direction
bv the compass. In a short time the
mountains became visible, when we bore
due north for them, and reached the table
land about 2 o'clock P. M. The day was
very hot, and we nooned without water for
ourselves and animals. Packed up, and
spent the rest of the day in search ol water
but found none, and were obliged to
encamp without it. We found a green
not where there had lately been water,
and had good grass for the mules. Dis
tance, 20 miles 2531.
Wednesday. Sep. ISThese moun
tains are very barren, but there is a spe
cies of oak growing in the ravines. To
produce acorns for Indian rood, and make
fire wood, is all this tree is fit for. It is
large and branching, but very short in the
trunk. After an hour's drive, we came to
a small, clear running stream. Supposing
this to be one of the mining rivers, and
within reach of provisions, we ate our last
small ration of bread and meat, of which
we were much in need, having eaten noth
ing since yesterday morning. All hands
were certain that we would baveour "eye
at feast, full of gold dust in less than twen-
tv-fnur hours, and of course, once in ine
diggings, we could get something to cat,
and "all about supper" in ine mines
was the joke about camp. Well, we
n.e.hir1 nn and traveled until dark, expect
ing every moment to hear the music of
.u ;h .net ahovel. or meet some " um
luo . '
bra" that could direct us to the desired
haven. But we were (green, wa'nt wet)
rinnmed to be disappointed in our expecia
tions, and we again encamped without
mvattOP air anvthine to eat. Some oi our
men did not get in for several hours after
we erBe ibeir.nf !" kving
- -
failed under them. We killed an animal
resembling a ground hog this afternoon,
on which we expected to have a delicious
supper. After dressing him as well as we
could without water, we threw the carcass
into the lire, and ' stirred him up' until
we thought him "done brown." But,
alas ! like the Pelican.a single bite sufficed
for supper. We laid it aside, sorry that
we had troubled packing it into camp, and
inmfd in to rest if wecould, or suck our
gums to allay thirst,thinking that we could
eat something if we had it. Distance, 20
miles 2551.
Thursday, Sep. 20. Made an early
start, and the small path we were upon
soon led us to the water. This we found
in a deep ravine amongst the mountains.
The bed of the stream was dry, except in
this one place, but from signs, a large body
of water pours down it during the rainy
season. This is the character of many ol
ihe small streams running from these
mountain?. We found horse and mule
tracks, a short distance up the ravine, but
there they ended. After a fruitless search
for a trail leading tut, in the direction
we wished to go, we were obliged to de
scend the reeky bed ol the arroyo. We
were not aware at this time, that we were
so near the " Maraposa' diggings, which
are located within ten miles to the east
ward of this point. Ignorance may be
the "mother of vice," but it was the cause
of misfortune and suffering to us in this
case. Having nothing to cook we tried
acorns, but they were loo green and bitter.
I We drank a cup of coffee and started. We
I had gone but a short distance, when we
again found the trail and cart tracks, which
j we had been endeavoring to follow, and
continued on this for sometime, belore we
i discovered that we were traveling in a S.
j E. direction, and directly on the t back
track. Here was a dilemma, which way to
"owe knew not. Three fourths of our
mules were completely worn out, and our
selves so reduced in strength, that we could
scarcely pack and unpack. After a short
deliberation we concluded to return to the
ravine, which we had followed out to the
edge of the plain. Here we found another
small hole of water, some good grass, and
encamped beneath the shade of a large
spreading oak.
John Musser, Hill Dixon and Charles
Gathwait, took four of the best mules, and
started in search of the mines for provisions.
Tbey had gone but a mile or two, when
Dixon and Gathwait had some words"
about the ccurse, (they were of the same
mess.) Hill knocked Gathwait off his
mule, and he fell "smash'' into a hornets'
nest. The insects not liking this, attacked
the intruder on all sides. He not knowing
where he was.or what thisnew pain meant.
suna out lustily for help to get out of h I.
Poor Charley returned to camp writhing
with pain ; his " eyes blacked," lace
swollen, and " blind as a bat." There is
no doubt but that hunger quickens the
temper and destroys mans best nature.
We have not met a single person, since
leavio" the San Joaquin river, that could
uive us anv information, not even an In-
e .
dian whom we could employ as guide,
without which it is difficult to travel in mis
country, there being so many trails run
ning in various directions. Those that
went in search of provisions, were instruc
ted to strike a due north course, in case
they could not find a well beaten satisfac
torv trail to follow. We drank a little
i
coffee and lay down to meditate upon our
"fix." Slept, but only to dream of ".'sides
of bacon, "pots of mush," and other lux
uries, that we despised iu days lang syne.
Distance, 5 miles 2o56.
Fridav. SeD. 21 This morning 1 gath-
ered up anuld dirty bag that had contained
surar. and boiled it out. In this water we
boiled coffee,and a better cup I never drank.
Some of us started out with our guns, and
succeeded in killing a small hare, a hawk,
and a few wood-peckers, quails, and doves.
These we put into a camp kettie,and made
it full of broth, but it scarcely deserved the
name, being so thin and poor- Out of this
9 of us ate or rather supped, for there was
scarcely a bird to the man. We styled it
" bird tea." This is all we have eaten lor
52 hours. The condition of our bodies
can well be imagined. My rifle is the
only gun left in our mess, out ot wnat we
started with. We made all the effort we
could to kill some large game, but without
success. We anxiously looked for relief
until dark, expecting out men to return ;
but they did not come, and we began to
fear that they had strayed from their
for we were all satisfied that we
could not be far from " some place.'
When night set in.Howard and Armstrong
saddled up their mules and started out tin
the same errand. We made up our minds
not to kill one of our mules until reduced to
the last extremitv. This evening Capt
niTrm iMrned Mai.Green "how to firehunt,"
accordingly the Captain shouldered the
.M.wlnrr nan" and ride, ana ine am. m
bag of small wood, to keep up the flame,
aud sallied out. mey reuirnea in mooui
an hour, not being able to " shine imy
eyes." We turned in, but the gnawu.gs
of hunger would not sufTer us to sleep
soundly. Our slumbering visions were
disturbed by the sight of bloody mule
steaks, smoking on the spit, but before we
could enjoy the imaginary feast, the shrill
hov.1 of a caoti.would "tear our eyes open."
Saturday, Sep. 22 I started out with
my rifle this morning, in hopes that I could
kill en antelope, but was so weak that I
could not hold out long, and alter a stroll
of two or three miles, 1 was obliged to re-
turn to camp. We attempted several times
to eat the green acorns, boiling and toast
incr them, but thev only sickened us. We
o -
firmly resolved to kill a mule to-morrow
morning if our men do not return before
that lime with provisions. (We have
since learned that a number of companies,
coming into the San Joaquin valley from
the coast, on their way to the Maraposa
mines, were as badly bewildered and lost
as ourselves, and some of them much
worse, getting into the mountains amongst
the Indians, and were obliged to live upon
grasshoppers, acorns, horse beef, &c.)
About 3 o'clock P. M., Howard and Arm
strong returned, having run ihe trail out
on which they started. They sung out
for some mule beef before they had reached
camp, thinking that we had certainly
butchered ono by this time. A few mo
ments after, Musser and Dixon came in
with a mule load, having been more suc
cessful. After a considerable winding
about amongst the mountains, in search of
a trail, they struck out in a due north
course, and reached the Rio Marcaides,
where they saw some catile.acd shortly al-
terwards a man, who directed them to
Scott and Montgomery's ranch, a few
miles down the river, which they reached
yestcrJay evening. They purchased and
packed the supplies last nigh', and left
early this morning. When about to buy
they were asked, whether they had any
money ! Of course they wanted to know
why such a question was asked ; and were
told if they had money, M they must pay
well for what they got, and if not they
should have it any how that's the way
we do business in California." Our boys
said they likely had enough, but none to
spare, and they charged accordingly, 75
cts. per lb. for pork, 75 for jerked betf,
621 for flour, 55 for sugar, 37 for green
beef &c. 3 days' rations. The bill
amounted to $90, the whole of which could
have been purchased in Lewisburg for $5
We thought it " smacked" strongly of the
diggings, but were rejoiced to get it at any
price, and immediately set about satisfying
our appetites. John and Hill were two or
three meales ahead of us, but they well
earned them. I ate very sparingly of
bread alone, fearing the effect, but with all
my care, I was very unweil during the
night, and at the same time suffering from
a toothache. Hill and Charley hook
" hands and made up," and peace and
plenty being once more restored in camp,
a more pleasant, jovial evening has not
been enjoyed in a long time, and ail our
past troubles and trials were set aside as
things that have happened, but can not
happen again. Besides all this, our boys
while at the ranch, saw someof ihe genuine
gold diggers, and lots of the dust, that bad
been taken out of the earth not more than
two day's journey hence. Under the cir
cumstances, who wouldn't feel good? " O
California, that's the land" &c. &c.
Sunday, Sep. 23. Our mules have
done finely, and started off more lively
than usual. I feel some better this morn
ing. Traveled in a N. W. direction, over
rolling tablelands, and stopped to noon at a
fine pool of water. Towards evening we
reached the Rio Marcaides, and encamped.
Here we found a large trail and wagon
road leading up the river. This is a beau
tiful, clear, running stream, abounding in
fish, and at this point is 20 feet wide and
1 deep. Distance, 16 roiles-2572.
Monday, Sep. 24. Unwell during tbe
night, and feel bad this morning. Going
up the river some distance, we left it and
turned to the right, on the road leading to
the Maraposa mines. It had been our in
tention to stop on the Mercaides, but having
become so accustomed to traveling, we
could not halt. Like the sailor, we would
be out of our latitude in any other business.
We saw where some washing had been
done, but nobody was at work. Traveled
over a mountainous country .partly covered
with stunted oak, pine, and other timber.
The earth is of a reddish caste, clay and
gravel, with slate and quartz rock crop
ping out in places. We nooned at a
spring by the way side. Here we met
persons going to and from the mines, and
here heard the first unfavorable side of the
story ; which ot course we did not relish.
Several persons from more northern dig
gings, said) we have heard that rich dc-
posites of gold have been discovered in the
Maraposa region, and we are on our way
thither, to get some of the big lumps ; for
in tbe Towalume diggings, which we have
just left,we can't make more than aa ounce
Volume VH, Ncmoer 5X
Whole Number 364.
a day to do our beit, and that wont pay
salt. I s all a d d lie, about their dis
covering rich Hinging in the Maraposa,
region, said another roan. I've Jnt ecma
from there myself, nine tenths of those at
worl-, are not actually making their board,
and i.'.. a rare chance that a man makes an
ounce a day. If I badn'l left when 1 did I
should have starved. I'm bound for the"
Towalume diggings myself. A friend of
mine has just returned from there ; and
says that he can make from two to three
ounces a day taiy. And if I can't make
that, an ounce a day, as you say a man
can make, is better than to work for noth
ing in the cursed Maraposa diggings ; and
thus the conversation ran on. We "pricked
up our cars,'' for we found out that tbe
gold question like all other, has two sides,
and can be discussed. Another poor fel
low enquired the distance to Scott's ranch
said that he had tried bis luck in the dig
gings, and was satisfied that there was
none for bim, that be was now on bis
way to San Francisco to start home, and if
God would let bim live long enough to get
out of the country, be would never want to
hear the word " gold dust" mentioned.
These were knock down arguments, but
we had traveled some five thousand miles
to "see the sight," and "and see it we
would." Accordingly we proceeded on
our journey and encamped near a spring
on the mountains. I have kept up with
the company but a small portion of the
day, having frequent very sick spells.wheD.
I would be obliged to alight and lay down
in the shade until belter. When I reached
camp I was much fatigued and very weak.
Distance, 16 miles 2588.
To U continued.
Ex-Gov. Seward on Land Reform.
Gov. Seward, in his recent speech in
Congress, endeavored to establish these
propositions :
. 1. That the snle of Public Lands to
others than settlers ought now to cease. 2.
That every person desiring a small allot
ment of those lands to improve aod culti
vate ought to be made welcome to such a
modicum without cost. 3. That there
should be some reasonable limitation to the
area of those lauds which any individual
may henceforth acquire : and 4- That
the small allotment thus made to each
actual settler ought to be rendered inaliena
ble except with tbe settler's consent.
His argument is able and ingenious, and
the tone of his speech throughout is liberal
and humane.
The World's Exhibition. The sale of
season tickets for the Great Exhibition of
All Nations commenced on Thursday, tho
27th, and up to the sailing of tbe steamer
2500 tickets had been sold. Persons are
not entitled to free admission on account ol
their being exhibitors, unless they state
their intentions of attending for the pur
pose of explaining or keeping in order their
contribution. The executive committee
have decided that no free admissions shall
be granter1.
A New State. The Baltimore Argos
states that a new and important movement
is being made by the Italian and French
residents of that city. They have had a
preliminary meeting, and determined upon
emigrating to the West in a body, there to-
found another State to be called New Italy.
They hae elected as their presiding officer
and agent, Monsieur Vionis, a gentleman
of talent aud education.
In Ohio, they have a gazette coiled the
Buckeye Blossom ; in Kentucky, tho Rose
of the Valley in New Jersey, the Belvi
dere Apollo; in Maryland, the Kent Bugle;
in Oh r, the Toledo Blade ; in Mississippi,
the Bowie Knife ; in Delaware, the Blue
Hen's Chicken : and in South Carolina,
the Hornet's Nest, or True Southerner.
Strange questions are agitated in the de
bating clubs down east. The laU was
What is the difference between a fac sim
ile, and a sick family T And tbe next wilt
be What ia tho diflerence between tbe
bridge of sighsi and the site of a bridge f
The former was decided in 'favor of the
negative.
A man was found at Trenton the other
day mounted on a ladder, with his lips
pressed to the telegraphic wires. Ma was
kissing his wife, in Philadelphia, "by tele
grap." It was found out afterwards he was.
a newly married man.
No Relative. It is said that Gov. Beir,
of Texas.who recently quoted Shakspsare''
"Winter of our Discontent" from ttto Bible,
is no relative of
The ebuRltgDiog BeU-"
spoken of by Cowper in odeaOn's poems.
Pennsylvania has kept let rank in tho
Union better than any other State. She
was the second second State in 1790, and
still, holds the same position, while all
arouod her have been changing.
Dodds says, to start in the Milk busin
ess requires less capital than most peopJ
imagine. He was in it for a year, he says
and all the money he spent was laid out
for a barrel of chalk and new pumf
handle.
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