WEST ltltANCH
From the American Agriculturist.
The Subsoil.
Many persons have experienced disense
and destruction, in their crops, when olt
recurring on long-cultivated fields. The
application of various specific manures and
different modes of cultivation, are not al
ways effectual remedies. May not the
cause be generally attributed to the want
of fresh earth, and" a wider range for the
roots of the plants 1 Though these are
difficulties seldom occurring in this com
paratively young country, they are often
to be contended with in Europe, and may
ere long become of serious consideration
Among us.
A certain' remedy for these evils is deep
I'fla'gr, by which, smnll portions of the
subsoil' are brought near the surface, and
add net and necessary n!iment to the crop.
Inere is no danger from this operation, if
it be not brought up in too large quantities.
If there be any inert or noxious matter in
it, at 'a stiff, or poor,' intnctable clay, an
excess of iron, and especiully in ihnt firm
in" which it frequently occurs in an acid
soil, the protoxide ol iron, or if tliere be
undecornposed peat, and the like, adJ lime,
attics, and warming animal manures, an!
mix the matters thoroughly with the sur
face, by harrowing, and you will thereby
not only secure a hcakhy soil, lat a prolific
one.
An unmatched system of cultivation, to
remedy these and numerous other diiTicu!
lies, ia the use of the subsoil plow, which
gradually, year by year, amalgamates the
upper and subsoils ; and while it is giving
health and -vigor to the surface, it is amel
iorating and improving the lower soil and
speedily fitting this aljo (or the great pur
poses of ministering to vegetable nutrition.
lb illustration' of this principle, it may
be stated, that the inhabitants of'ihe island
of Madeira sometimes trench their land to
a depth of five or six feet, to get at the
fresh earth, for the health of their grape
vines, for which they would otherwise, be
obliged to send to Europe, at gieat expense
to renew.
Catting Grass and Coring Hay.
Timothy should never be cut until after
the seed is formed, and then between the
milk and dough state. Orchard grass. how
ever, is so much more tender when cut in
the flower, and is therefore eo much pre
ferred by cattle when so cut, that it should
not be permitted to ripen into seed before
cutting ; it does so, however, to a great ex
tent after cutting and contains much more
nutriment than timothy.
"Many farmers. do not consider the
scorching effects of our June and July sun,
and the consequence is, that Iny is Ion
much dried in this country. Unless the
grass be very thick and heavy, it will gen
erally cure sufficiently , w hen rsprwed in
the swath for two days. When hook or
stirred out, it should net remain in this
condition beyond the first day, or it will
thus lose much of its nutritive juice ; nor
should dew or rain be permitted to fall up
oa it, unless in cocks. It is U tter, nftr
partially drying, to expose it fur thnc or
four days in (Sis way, and as soon n pro
perly cured, place it under cover. 1: is a
good practice to salt hay when put up, as
it is thus secured against danrnge from oc
casional greenness ; and there is no waste
of the salt, as it serve tl.c double otj-ct af
Icr curing the hay, of furnishing salt to the
cattle and manure heap."
"Clover should Le cut after having folly
blossomed and assumed a browi.i-h hue.
By close cutting, more forage is secured,
and tho clover afterward springs up more
rapidly and evenly. The swath, unless ve
ry heavy, ought never to be stirred open,
but allowed to wilt on the top. It may
then be carefully turned over, nnd when
thus partially cured, placed in Ir'gh s'e nder
cocks, and remain until sufficiently to re
move into the barn. Clover may be housed
in a much greener stRte,ty spreading even
I) over it in the mow, from ten' to twenty
quarts of salt. Some add a bushel, but
this is more than is either necessary for
the clover, or judicious for the stock con
suming it ; as the purgative effects of too
fit'Jch salt induce a wasteful consumption
of the forage. A mixture of alternate layers
of dry straw with the clover, by absorbing
its juices, answers the same purpose, while
it materially improves tLe flavor of the
a traw for (odder."
"Cutting and Thrathing Wheat
The appearance or condition, indicating
the proper time for cutting wheat, depends
on the variety. Thus, when the grain of
the red wheal can be squeezed between the
thumb and finger, without any moisture
being forced from i" rutting may al ways
be safely commenced ; for it is never bet
ter than when harvested in this slate and if
ettt later, the wheat is seldom so good in
quality ; besides, serious losses are some
times sustained, in consequence of high
I winds, when it is allowed lo arrive at a ri
per state. Tha w hite varieties should stnnd
somewhat longer than the red before thev
are cut. I
"With respect to t'r color of the s'raw
'as a sign of maturity, experience hahnwn,
that if in a healthy state, the ear generally
rpens bs'ore the straw : the yellow of
the iLaffand tipper pi's of tl.e ;,-.r in fi
cates that the crop is fit to cut ; and the
uniform yellow color of the straw shows
that the crop has arrived at maturity, and,
if suffered lo stand in the field, the kernels
are liable to be shaken out by the winds."
Agriculturist.
From ihe Kcto loft Working Farmer.
The Tomato Plant
This vegetable has, in a few years, not
only got into general use, but to be one ol
the delicacies of the vegetable kingdom.
It is my object to give your numerous rea
ders rny exprience in cultivating a healthy
plant, and obtaining the fruit, ripe, as
early as the latter part of June.
About the last of January, fill a small
box of fine alluvial soil, and plant your
seed therein, of whatever kind you prefer,
(the smooth round comes earliest,; about
an inch and a half apart, and if they all
come up pull out ever other one, as three
inches is close enough, and a dozen plants
quite sufficient to produce for one family.
When your plants have grown to show the
third joint or three inches in height-
then pluck the top or heart from each of
them, which will throw the sap into the
stem nnd give it f-trcngth ; if side sprouts
should get too long pluck them off; pro
ceed in this manner, by the first of May,
(planting time.) you will have a healthy
plant full of bads, to set out, which will
be very little set Lack if cnrefully trans
planted with part of the soil in the box, and
you will have them ripe as above stated.
Lincas'er Gazette. w. D. c.
Our' practice las been somewhat differ
ent from :hc above, but with very good
success. We Si lit tomatoes to market last
year early enough to receive four dollars
per bushel for the earliest of them.
Ninety per cent, of the tomatoes grow
within 19 inches of the ground ; ninety per
cent, of the vines grow above 18 inches.
Our practice is, when the lower tomatoes
are half grown to remove all the upper
part of the plant above the larger fruit,and
thus force the whole amount of pabulum
taken up by the roots into the fruit ; the
results are, that in place of the small fruit
of the top, the larger or lower fruit soon
doubles in size, and materially improved
in quality, riiening many days early than
the fruit of plants not so treated.
Those w ho raise tomatoes for market
should select the McNamaraor smooth ap
ple tomato, ns they are the earliest. For
home use, Galinher's mammoth is much
superior in quality and size, but usually
perfect ten days later.
Cleansing the Bark of Fruit Trees.
We have often recommended the use of
whale oil, snap, potash. &C, for cleansing
ihe burk of fruit trees, and supposed tha'
no application could exceed it for this p'Ji
pose. A few weeks since we visited the
atof Robert Ilennie, Esq., near the Lo
di Print Works, and there saw the cleanest
fruit trees it has ever been our lot to meet
with. Mr. Ronnie informed us that he used
.1 solution made of one pound best bleach
ers soda dissolved in one gallon of water,
and applied it to the surface of his trees
All the fungi, dcid bark, Stc, are softened
and readi'y exfoliate from the healthy part
of the bark during the growth of the tree
irr surfuccs of the cherry, pench, plum,
nec'arine, apricot, and many other kinds
of trees seemed polished, and of a color
more closely resembling the new growth
at the cuds of branches than usual ; the
trees were in excellent health, and we were
informed that they bore superior crops to
those not so treated. Within the last few
days we have applied the soda wash to our
trees and for the purpose of ascertaining if
so strung a solution would injure the tender
parts of plants, have sprinkled it over the
leaves of many tender shrubs, but as yet
they are uninjured, while the inner parts
of vegetable are readily decomposed by it.
Curing Hams.
Mr. Horace Hillings, of Beardstown, III.,
who has for many yours been extensively
engaged in the curing of provisions, has af
ter many experiments and much expense,
succeeded in making a composition, for
which he received a patent last April to be
applied to the covering ol the ham, and
which he terms Illinois CernenT, wVth
most effectually preserves themi so' that our
Western hams arrive here prepared by him,
in a condition superior to the Eastern cured
hams. By preparing hams according to
Mr. Billings' invention, millions of dollars
will be saved to our country. The hams
are impermable to the atmosphere and will
keep for years in fact they acquire by
keeping a superior flavor. The cement is
somewhat elastic and this renders them
well fitted for packing. In the whole ex
perience of Mr. B.Ilings', having sent 40,
000 of his hams to New York, not a single
one has proved bad ; 21,000 of such hams
are now on their nay from Mr- Billings' to
the house of Jewel, Harrison & Co., New
York, and he feels confident that all, with
out exception, will be perfectly sound.
This invention of Mr. Billings, we consid
er is one of incalculable value to our coun
try. Scientific American.
More rain talis during summer, after,
than before the l5ihof July, and therefore
the farmer should take this into considera
tion in making his harvestings.'
The belter animals can be fed, 'and the
.Tore comfortable they can he kept, the
more profitable tSey are-snd a'l firmer, j
woik f"r prcft. i
Lewisburg chronicle and west branch farmer
II
H. O. HICKOK, Editor.
O. W. WORDEW, Publisher.
At $1 .SO cuh In sitamre. f 1 ,7i in thn month. $2 paid
within the jw, and $2.50 at Mm end or the year.
Agents in PhiUdelphia T B Talmer and E W Carr.
JLewisbnrff, Pit;
Wednesday Morning, June 19.
ADVERTIZE ! Eiwnlom. Administrator, Public
OftVem City and Country Merchants. Manufacturers,
Mechanics, Hurincsa Men all who wish to procure or to
diapuse oT anything would do well to RiTe notice or the
same through the "Lewisbvry fnmictcn This paper has
a good and increasing circulation in a community eontai-
mug as lacge a proportion ol active, solvent produeero,
consumers, and dealers, as any other in the State.
FOB THE AMENDMENT TO THE OOXSTITITIOX.
Democratic State Nomination) t
Oin-lOwisrunoafr WM.T.MORlSflX.of Montgomery Co.
Auditor Clnvral EPIIIUIM BANKS, oT Mifflin Co.
Swmyor General 1. 1'uitTKR BRAWLEVyrf Crawford Co.
Whig State Conrrntion, June 19. election, Oct. 8.
To Correspondents. " The Union "
shall appear next week.
Thanks to Hon. Jos. Casey for a bound
volume of President Taylor's "California
Message and Correspondence 1850."
Specimens of rich lead ore have
been found, within a few days, on the farm
of Mr.Thomas Howard, in Kelly township
three miles west of this Borough. Further
explorations will be made shortly, to asccr
tain the extent and character of the
deposite.
IC7Ojr correspondent "A. B.C." does
not seem to agree perfectly with our friend
of the " Keowee (S.C.) Courier," on the
question, Which 'buffers' most, the North
or the South 1 It is well this hot weather
that ihey are as remote in person as
opinion, or we might have to record a case
of 'spontaneous combustion.'
fC7A lady of this place while partaking
of boiled eggs lor breakfast the other mor
ning, had severed an egg in half, and
deposited the contents of one part in the
egg-cup, and was about making the same
disposition of the other, when it was disco
vered lo contain another egg in one side
of il, about the size of a robin's egg, but
perfectly formed, with the shell as white
and hard as the one in which it was thus
strangely lodged. That this it a curiosity
we think will be at once conceded. It has
been' prcierved by Dr. Hayes, at whose
table the discovery was made, and persons
who choose, can, by calling at his office
satisfy both their curiosity and doubts.wiih
regard to such a novel imperium
impirio
in
7The Whig State Convention assem
bles in Philadelphia to-day, to nominate
candidates for the several State Offices lo
be filled next Fall. Then the Campaign
may bn considered as 'opened and soon
stump orators will wax eloquent in praise
of the hitherto unknown virtues of their
men ; partisan editors will exhaust barrels
of ink exposing the 'corruption' of t'other
side; new journals to 'advance the cause
will start out with flaming promises and
'flattering prospects; good neighbors will
grow warm with patriotism, exchange the
lie,' and perchance indulge in fisticuffs
the country will all bo 'ruined,' and also
Saved and the 'Sovereign People will
vo'e as their party or personal feelings
may lead, just as if all tins excitement and
toil had not been endured.
Daguerreotypes
Out of countenance we are this morning,
and, for the first time in our life, represen
ted by proxy. But our phiz was captured
by no common artist no less a personage
than his blazinz majesty old Sol, under the
supervision of his accomplished 'aid,' Lieut
Col. Merbv, who holds forth in the second
story of the new brick building opposite
Shelter's Siore. Our ' counterfeit present
ment' is before us at the present writing.
propped up against the inkstand, look in
quite modest for a limb of the law,
(abashed, no doubt, by the presence of the
original.) and presents a sedateness and
gravity, befitting the prodigious responsibi
lilies that rest upon the shoulders of I
country editor. Our devil was of the opin
ion it looked' more like us than we do our
self; but be discovered his mistake on
calling for 'copy.
We advise all the good people within
a day's journey of Lewisburg, who place
any value upon the likeness of themselves
or their friends.to call at Mr.Mcrry's rooms
within the next ten days, and in from three
lo five seconds iheir features can be im
mortalized in superior style. A 'belter
chance is not likely to occur very soon.
U. S. CONGRESS.
The regular debate on the Slavery qucs
tion has been ended, and the voting has
commenced. In the Senate Mr. Clay's
compromise is being acted on, wiih a pros-
dect of its passage in' a" Jew days by a
small majority.
In the House various amendments are
offered to Mr. Doty's California bill, five
miputo speeches made on them, under the
rules, and then withdrawn. The Missouri
Compromise line was voted down by a
small majority. The Southern members
do most all ihe talking.while the Northern
members are patiently seeking an opportu
nity to vote on the main question. As might
be expected, excitement runt high, as the
drama draws to a close.
The weather is very warm at Wash
ington City .and much sickness is (he result
Scarlatina or a malignant M-p-V quite
prevalent. ' I
I
LB
"Death on the Pale Hone."
A correspondent of the Plllad. "Times"
of the 11th inst., in a lengtty notice of the
Spring Exhibition of the" Academy of Fine
Arts, makes the following remarks t
The paintings of this great artist Benja
min West, are so celebrated, and pos
sessing, as they do, all the elements of the
art beyond the reach of criticism, that
thev are passed bv now as " things crea
ted for immortality." With us, ihe name
of West is intimately connected, and we
may add endeared for Pennsylvania gave
birth to the man whose talents we neglect
ed, whose eenius we sliehted, but whom
George III., and the British nation patro
nixed ! By that monarch he was employed
to embellish Windsor Castle and Chapel,
and he received from ihe princely muuin
cence of his august patron, lor various
subjects, upwards of 37.000 pounds,
" Death on the Palo Horse, speaks the
masterly production of a great mind, it
bursts upon us in all its startling beauty,
Ihe beauty of the art, warmed, as it were,
into seeming life bv the power of genius.
As a very general criticism and description
of Ihis painting is to be found in the Cata
logue, we simply give our opinion without
daring lo question its artistical greatness.
or stupendous conception.
Well, ihis ia strong praise ; and if it
had only half a foundation in truth, it
might be suffered to pass tub tiltnlio
But, to say nothing about the sincerity or
critical capacity of this writer, we think
he must be troubled with an uncomfortably
large ' bump' of veneration, and in a state
of morbid activity at that, for on no other
principle can we account for the superlative
laudations thus bestowed on the works of
this artist unless, indeed, he be merely a
penny-a-liner engaged in puffing the wares
of his employers, or rehearses stereotyped
encomiums because it has become fashion
able lo do so. ;
The Academy of Fine Arts is a delight
ful place of resort. Tor visitors to the Qua
ker city, and is eminently worthy all the
encouragement and patronage American
citizens can extend to il. It contains rich
treasures of art, and many scenes and forms
of beauty in painting and sculpture, that
will leave an undying impress upon mem'
ory. But it also contains productions of
inferior merit, some by obscure artists,and
others of scarcely higher order, that attract
the attention of the visiter on account of
their connection with a great name, and
becnuse their praises had been loudly trum
petcd beforehand.
We can not speak of West's productions
in general, having never seen any of them
except ihe one named at the head of this
article, and which.we believe, ia considered
the crow'ning effort of his' genius. But
caaafor compels the acknowledgment that
when an opportunity waa at length afforded
us, some years since, to stand with eager
expectation' before "Death on the rale
Horse,' the predominant feeling in our mind
was thai of blank disappobtiment, and
every subsequent visit has' only served to
confirm our first impressions. And ihis is,
we belicve,without exreption,the experience
of every person within the range of our
acquaintance, who has made a pilgrimage
lo its shrine. There is certainly much
'perspicuity' in the dry, hard anatomy of
some of the principal figures. and a respec
table 'propriety of composition' generally
manifested that carefully avoids extremes,
either of meiit or demerit. But it is an abso
lute misrepresentation to say that it Sspeaks
the masterly production of a great mind
unless in connection with the catalogue in
your hand nor does il, by any manner of
means, 'burst upon the spectator in 'start
ling beauty.' Its essential and remediless
defect is that it is not 'warmed, as it were,
into seeming life by the power of genius.'
It doubtless possesses some individual ex
cellencies peculiar to West, but, taken as a
whole, is aa little awe-inspiring, and as
utterly fails almost, to inspire in the behol
der those emotions of beauty, and terror,
and sublimity, which such a subject fitly
conceived, and aa fitly executed, should
awaken, aa if it were carved in wood, or
cut out of pasteboard! The highly wrought
descriptions which are constantly 1 kept
before the public, are enough to kindle the
dullest imagination, and make one's flesh
well nigh creep ; but when you come into
the presence of the original, it falls immea
surably short of the printed representations.
West is certainly entitled, as is every
man, to the full measure of a juit fame,
however moderate it in reality may be. We
should be sorry to detract improperly from
his reputation, or wrongfully tarnish the
laurels he has won. Our national and State
pride is, of course, gratified by the success,
so far as it may have been deserved, of a
native ct the old Keystone. But we are
strongly inclined to the belief that he gained
the ear and confidence of George III. more
by his personal virtues and social qualities
than his skill in painting. That respecta
ble old gentleman was but an indifferent
judge of ihe art, and as blind and tenacious
in his attachments, as he waa stubborn in
his prejudices and enmities ; and, once ;
established in hirgd6d"gnrces,our country
man realized from the royal patronige
large instalments of money and fame that
could not possibly have been the explosive
result of his merits as an artist.
-Let his productions be preserved as
mememoes of our Provincial day, and the
strange freaks which dame Fortune is in
ihe habit of playing. Give him credit for
II ihe professional talent and skill ho ac
tually possessed, for it vs not his fault
hat ihe Almighty did not vouchsafe to him
a mor liberal endowment of genius, and
he probably, made , the best use or the
share that did fall to his lot. But you must
be content lo. atop at ihat.for if you attempt
to cram it imo the public conscience that
his "Death on the Pale Horse" is a mas
terly produclion by a pre eminently great
artist, you will only extort expressions of
Ihe popular conviction that it is, after all,
but little better than a canonized humbug.
ft-The Nashville Convention lias ad
journed, after expending soma gas, and
adopting some cautiously worded resolu
tions in favor of extending the Missouri
Compromise line to the Pacific, and are to
meet again in six weeks after the adjourn
ment of Congress, which is about equiv
alent to an adjournment tint die.
New Mexico and Texas.
Lieut. Col. Washington, Military Gover
nor of New Mexico, arrived at Washington
City lately, and brought intelligence of a
riot at Santa Fe, at a public meeting held
with reference to the asserted claim of
Texas to the greater part of New Mexico,
and her attempts to extend her jurisdiction
over the latter territory and hold elections
and establish Judicial districts under Texan
authority the U. S. troops in the mean
time remaining neutral. The following
extracts from a letter in the last "Muncy
Luminary," from a young man recently
of that Borough, gives the most intelligible
account we have yet seen of affairs there.
and we think will be perused with interest,
Sajita Fe, March 27, 1850.
Dear Father : From the tenor of the
newspapers, Ihis country is creating const
derable excitement in Congress; so 1 sup
pose an account of the movements here,
would be interesting to you.
In the first place, we have a Territorial
party and a State party. The Territoria
is composed of the men in office under the
present government, the dependents upon
the military, and a majority ol the .Mexican
population. The State party is composed
of the American population (excepting the
above named,) and the most intelligent part
of the Mexicans. Ihe lorn tonal party-
oppose every movement which endangers
their offices : the Slate party arc in favor
of the formation of a state government,and
oppose everything which will retard that
movement. A meeting was called on the
16th inst., of the citizens of fsanta re and
vicinity, for the purpose of devising meas
ures to oppose Ihe threatened assumption
of rower in the country by Texas. At an
early hour in the evening, the Court House
was crowded. Tho meeting was called to
order by Mr. Skinner, of the territorial
party, who nominated Judge Houghton to
the chair, after taking which, he explained
ihe object of the meeting. Mr. Skinner
then introduced a set of resolutions, declar
ing Ihe Texas claim an absurdity, and
that as the Governor had issued an order
to the officers and soldiers in Ihe Territory
not to intelere between Ihe l exits author
ities and the citizens, he had virtually re
linquished his c fliceof civil Governor, and
it becamo the duty of the citizens of this
territory to oppose, by all the means in
their newer, the attempt of the State ol
Telis to exercis: civil jurisdiction over
this Territory ;' and that all persons who
should ai3, ss'sis't, pr countenance the Com
missioners of said State, should be declared
traitors lo their country, and bt punished
accordingly. The Resolutions were op
posed by the State party, on the ground
that we had no authority lo oppose Ihe
State ofTexas.that il belonged to Congress
alone, that the Governor had declared his
intention to remain neutral, and that no
other officer had the power lo oppose.
After considerable sparring on both sides,
the resolutions were voted to be laid on the
table ; and after appointing a committee
to draft resolutions, the meeting adjourned
until the next evening, when the committee
reported the same resolutions in effect.
although in other terms ; ihey were again
laid upon the table. During the debate
upon their adoption, Mr. Skinner declared
himself ihe mouth-piece of 70,000 Mexicans
of the Rio Aba jo, a name applied to all
the country on Ihe Rio drande below this
place,) and that he would use all ihe influ
ence in his power to excite them to resis
tance. The meeting then adjourned until
Monday evening, when Capt. Angney in
introduced resolutions.setting forth that we
did not believe in the validity of the claim
of Texas, end that our submission was
only a question of expediency, and lhat a
State movement was the only one which
could advance the true interests of New
Mexico, and should be pursued to a sue-'
cssfol Consummation. These resolutions
were laid on the table, and the former res
olution taken up, when a motion to adjourn
was made, which 'was variously amended
as lo time, one proposing Friday, at 11 In
the morning, tn the Flaza, another on Sat
urday evening, at the Court House. After
taking the vote twice it was decided for
Friday, by a majority of two, when a di
vision was called for, and it was found that
a large part of those voting for Friday
were Mexicans, who had declared their in
tenlions to maintain the character of Mex
ican citizens, which caused considerable
excitment, in the midst of which the Presi
dent vacated the Chair, and the Mexicans
left. Another President was elected, and
the meeting adjourned until Saturday. On
Friday, however.a large number assembled
inthePlazt. The President of Monday
took the Chair; the minutes wore read
on the motion lo adopt considerable debate
occurred, and the vole being taking a
number of those voted who had expressed
Iheir deternination to retain the character
of citizens of Mexico ; who the State party
declared had no right to vote, and should
not. The Chair was again vacated, the
Mexicans led out of the line, and Ihe meet
ing broke np in as great a row as ever oc
curred in Santa Fe. On Saturday eve
ning the State party met and adopted Capt.
Aogney's resolutions and adjourned tine
die.
The American population are determined
to submit to Texas if thev can not obtain
a chnnge of ihe miserable government
which we now have.
Voir afleetionat sirt, F.' M. S.
For the Lewisburg Chronicle.
Some of the Sufferings of the South.
Mr. Editor : The extract in your last
from a South Carolina paper, is indeed an
amusing specimen of composition, but I am
unable to satisfy myself whether it is put
forth as a broad joke over which ihe writer
and his friends bad a hearty laugh, or whe
ther he really believes what he states.
The gentleman's argument is briefly
this : that the U. S. Government is bound
to protect and advance Slavery; but that
the overbearing North has constantly viol
ated that right, and the meek S.juth have
patriotically submitted!!
Permit me to show lhat both these asser
tions are exactly the reverse ol the truth.
Sj far from favoring Slavery, the U. S.
Constitution is not even marred with the
word. Its object is expressly stated to be
lo "establish Justice, secure ilu; blessings
of LIBERTY," &c. Slavery hud been
regarded as a curse inflicted by the mother
country, whose permission of the "execrable
traffic" was one cause of the Revolution.
The Constitution indeed provides for the
recovery of 'persons held lo service' in one
State, escaping to another : and also that
citizens of one State shall enjoy all their
rights in any other Siaie. The Ni;rth do
not aid in enforcing the first provision as
regards colored, mulatto or white slaves '.
the South violate the rights of colored per
sons, or whites who are suspected of belie
ving the Declaration of Independence. In
the violation of these rtquiremeuts, S.iuth
and North are at best on equal footing.
Il was the admitted understanding at
tho formation of our Government, lhat
Slavery was to become obsolete. Hence
the Abolition acts of a majority of the orig
inal States. Hence the Ordinance of '87,
passed by South and North, abolishing
Slavery in all the territory northwest of the
Ohio. Hence the taw, passed by South
and North, making the Slave trade, pirac!
Thus far, under the Constitution, the
South and North acted in concert, for Lib
erty and againtt Slavery.
lijl (or 40 out of 50 years past,the South
has (by her sagacity and unity of action)
become almost omnipotent, having wielded
the power ol the Government to loster and
extend Slavery.
Il was early discovered that we "needed"
the Mississippi country, and Filtcen Mill
ions ol Dollars wero paid for that batch of
Slave States ; but the St. Lawrence, situ
ated in Free territory, was uevt r needed"
by our Government !
Slavery likewise deemed the purchie ol
Slave Florida, at the cosi of Millions, ad
visable, as it 'harbored runaway uer.xs ;'
but she never urged the uni ei.tt.ou" ot
Free Canada, although il has TCM fugitive
laves where Florida had one.
In admitting Missouri, the North wiih
the power lo prevent it ave that S:u'.e uy
to Slavery. In the ubsrtient acts which
secured Ihe country Noiih nnd Htt from
that curse, the South con -urrcd, as tne soil
was not adapted to Slave labor.
The Florida War, costing Twenty or
Thirty Millions, originated in the ec:i in
of Slaves and mixing with thii ludianj, ihe
efforts to capture hi:h bred uiiimoar.ies
and implacable hostilities.
The South openly, in defiance of inter
national laws, treaties and good fuith,uided
in revolutionizing Texas and iiitroducin
Slavery, which the sister Republic ol Alex
ico had prohibited : but she promptly sup
pressed the Patriots' effort to relieve Can
ada from the Monarchy whose yoke our
fathers broke.
By disguising facts, and muing it in
wiih Parly interests, all vast Texas was
added to the Slave power : and the results
are still endangering tho very existence ot
this Republic.
A Slave-holding Administration gave up
our "clear and indisputable title" to 5440
in Free Oregon, without a struggle : but
for Slave Texas' doubtful claim beyoiid
the Neuces, it (without consulting Congress
then in session) plunged the Nation m;o a
war which costs us thousands of Lives
and Millions of Treasure.
In addition to the Fifty or Seventv-Five
Millions of Dollars whichTexas has already
cost the Nation, the South is now urging a
scheme dubbed a "Compromise" which
proposes lo give Texas, say Ten Millions,
to bribe her to withdraw her sham claim lo
New Mexico. This immense bonus doubt
less is relied upon to buy off votes for the
' : . . 'n r. .
-u!Mrroiinsc, just as lexas ttonas were in
market prior lo her Annexation. fJTliose
w ho choke on Gaiphin and gulp dow n this.
are doubtless the veritable individuals who
"strain at a gnat and swallow a camel."
A tew months ago, the South was foam
ing with a warlike spirit against Spain
with an eye on slave-ridden Cuba for an
alleged stratagem in securing the Spanish
fugitive, Key, at New Orleans : altho' she
echoed Amen when an English vessel ent
ered a New York harbor with an annrri
force, and killed the American. Durfee. in
cold blood England avowing its approval
and knighting M'Nah, the commander.
A year ago, the Souih waa for rushing
California into the Union at once.declarin"
with characteristic assurance that Con-reas
had no right to touch the Slavery question,
which belonged lo California alone lo set
tle : now the same Southern Members have
stopped the wheels of legislat ion over half
a year, violated the spirit of their oaths, J
and threaten treasonable acts, if California
i i ... . . - - .
uo aummeu witn a constitution ol her own
choice, without legislation on Slavery by
Congress Ihe South claiming the right
to joret Slavery upon a people who with
one voice abhor it.
She is now using every intrigue, false
hood and despicable expedient, (even since
l.nno niralln.1 .... I. -.'. I . . J :
vfj- a. i,iiii ek.ut;iiK7 lancu.J Vt CXCUU
Ihe passions and mislead Ihe sympathies of
our honest people, and provoke a war with
Spain, that Cuba may be seized, either as
a make-weight for California, or lo become
the 'gem of a projected Slaveonia Despot
ism, isubs it is said is 'contiguous,' and
her people are 'groaning' under a monar
chy : but the South can not see that New
foundland is 'contiguous,' nor hear any
groans' under the pawa of Britain'a Lion.
To this long list of public acts, might be
added host of private speculations where
Southerners were favored by Government.
Thusthe Gaiphin claim passed under the
last STave-holding Administration, and the
inirrrst wn pnid to Slave 1,. I.iers bv ihf
'opiuiou of the Slave-holding Attorney
General. But I pass lo other points.
Sha' rebel liou and the Whiskey Injur
reclion (North) were put down al the poua
of ihe bayonet ; but a Southern "Compro.
mise" was girt up lo save ihe necks ol th
Southcrn Nullifiers.
The North has many more millions of
people than the South -twice as many
voters and pays probably three-fourths of
the Taxes, Sec. that sustain Government.
Fifty of the sixty-two yeats of our natio
nal existence, the Presidency has U--a
rilled by Southerners ; and no Northern
President has been re elected.
Three-fourth of the bel offices in the
.Nutional Government have been monopo
lized by Southerners Clerkships. Army
and Navy, Territorial, Judicial, Minister
abroad, &c. &c.
The North lias added far Ihe most lo the
productive industry and real wealth of I ho
country. The great Har.kropfcies origin
ated at the South, whose Failures-, broken
Banks, and Repudiations excel the North.
There is but one Southern Slate- thai pay
ber own postage. Nor has ihe North ever
been backwnrd in affording men or money
lo aid the South against a foreign foe.
Not many years ago, the South in her
wisdom discovered that the Commerce of
the North gave her an undue advantage
over the Suuth ; she thereloro forced the
Manufacturing system upon the North. Bui
the North continuing to advance, the South
has since crippled the Tariff policy. Tha
iruth is. Slavery is the radical evil of tha
South, nnd until she abolish or cireum.crilxj
it, the North will still increase the faster.
It is believed there are not 200,000
slave-holders in the Union : and yet ihur
plans in buying Florida and lxjuisirm,
and the Florida and TexaMxicia war,
have cost the Nation at least One Hundre !
and Fifty Millions, direclly, besides many
more millions, indirectly, in undue shire
of offices, bankruptcies, and paying iheir
postage. Jlnd all thit time (be it remem
bered) the freemen of the North hate an
overwhelming majority, and can direct
National offairt at Ihey may j-idgt bet.
I hope, Mr.lvJitor, the foregoing gen
eral statement of facts which stand nut ic
the past seventy n ears' history of h
Republic, may serve to show some of ot-r
people who have thought little of the mar
ter, just w hat a leech. Slavery i ; and ai'.
you have published Iheir views, I ak li
"Keowee Courier" to publish thw re.Iy t
its charges against the North. A knowi
edge f each others' views oo point of
difference between the two sections, is tha
surest way lo lead to that harmony sol
!od understanding which should tin
b tween the brethren of the great Americas
M .del Nation. . J C.
This w trfMiiMsna, but s it cam cvmiIi
from tba Northerners, temporarily sojourning Sr
Join buinrM in N'rw Or Iran, it msv b s:J
'!' North psvs ibe poata ol lh Sjuth :
G3The recent warm weather and cop:
mis rains have had a salutary effr Ct. Ve
U" ta'ion is luxuriant, grain looks remarks
bly well in this region, and there is every
prospect of an abundance of fruir.
i'ircigii News.
The Viceroy arrived at New York oc
last Saturday, from Gil way, in Ireland.
The news of the state of the country,
brought by the Viceroy, is far from encou
raging. The western coast of Ireland is in
a very deplorable condition- Between rack
rents, poor rates, and other enormous tax
ations, the very blood and vitals are press
ed out of the peop'e. It seem it is necessa
ry to c.llect the poor rates by the aid of her
Majesty's war steamers !
From the South.
(Jen. Lnpez was arrested immedia'ely
after his arrival in New Orleans, on thu
7th insi. An argument was had before .ifca
United Slates District Court, and the Gen-
eral was held in one thousand dollars to
appear the next day, when a decision
to have been given by Judge McCaleb.
New Orleans. June 14. The new cre
vasse in Grand Levee Parish, Point C'ou
pee, in ihe richest sugar regions in this
Stcte, produced immense loss of property.
All efforts lo stop it proved fruitless.
Baltimore, June 14 Capt. Lopta, a
relative of Gen. Lopez, with several inva
der, arrived at New Orleans, oa the 6 h
from Key West. Al New Orleans, on tho
6;h, the Alhambra Coffee House was bur
ned down, and the Liberty Coffee House
wrs elso' damaged. A fire occurred a:
Lafayette on ihe same day, destroying
houses of Messrs. U'elen, Keen, and Ma
son. Loss $6,000; no insurance.
New Orleans, June l5.-rVe have re
ceived intelligence from Havana as late a
the lOih inst., and are happy lo state, thr:
the Spanish government had yielded to ihr
representations of our Consul, aide by ili
other American authorities, and, a7afifr
passing through ihe forms of a trial, bad
liberated the American prisoners, who wen.
tree to return lo the United States. .
Distressing AClctioa.
As will he seen under our ob:fusry
head. Dr. Duncan," oar late representaiits
in the Legislature, has lost his entire fam
ily of children, consisting of four, all of
whom died in one week. Ellen Dorsey.tr.e
eldest, aged 8 years 10 months and 4 day. ,
died on Sunday the ad inst. Benjamin
Stiles, aged 3 years, 3 months, on Tues
day the 4th ; ttreenbury Dorse y, aged 9
months, on Thursday the 6th ; and Henry
boty, aged 5 years and 4" months, on
Friday the 7th inst". They all died of scar-
lei icvcr. i Mr. D. s mother.Mrs-Rebecca
H.Duncan, also died recently all of Duu
can'a lslandj liar. Telegraph.
The frame house of Wm. Cornelius, ir
New Berlin, took fire on Thursday r. M.
last, but was preserved w ithout sosiaiBii'S
much damage.