Ti,, OwPSI* u published every Koaday
seeesins, b 7 Ilisar J. &ran& at $1 76 per
salaam if paid *strietly t= •DTANCII-42 00 per
maws If mot paid In advance. No robecription
diseoatianed, unless at the option of the ptib
lideari, aatll all arrearages are paid.
LIORITIELIIZIrri inserted at the usual rates.
Zoo Pursue done with neatness and dis
patch.
Oertow la South Baltimore street, directly
opposite Waniplers' Tinning E.,tabliahment—
'•Costs7tsan on the sign.
Wm. B. McClellan,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.—Office in West Mid
dle street, one door west of the new
rt Hoare.
° Gettysburg, Nov. 14, )859.
Wm. A. Duncan,
A TTo.,c., AT LAW.—Otlice in the North
west COrnet of Centre Sqllilire. Gettysburg,
[Oct. 3, 1853. tf
A. J. Cover,
TTOILNET AT LAW, will promptly attend
to Collections and all other business en
trasto4 to him. Office between F,,hnestocks'
and Danner k Ziegler's Stores. Baltimore street,
Gettysburg, Pa. [Sept. 5, 1859.
Edward B. Buehler,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, will faithfully and
promptly attend to 101 business entrusted
to him. He speaks the German language.—
Ollce at the same place, in South Baltimore
street, near Forney's drug store, and nearly
opposite Danner & Ziegler's store.
Q..t.tysburg, March 20.
D. McConaughy,
AersTTORICEY AT LAW, (office one door west
of Bud'ler's drug and book store,Chans
burg street,) ATTORIIRY LND SOLICITOR FOR
PATKITS Lao PVIRIONO. Bounty Land War
rants, Bsek-pay suspended Claims, and all
other claims against the Government at Wash
ington. D. C.; also American Claims In England.
Lsnd Warrants located and sold,or bought, and
highest prices given. Agents engaged in lo
cating warrants in lowa, Illinois and other
western States. jpi`Apply to him personally
or by letter. •
Gettysburg, Nov. 21, '53.
.....
J. C. Neely,
6TTORNEY AT LAW, will attend to collec
tions and all other business intrusted to
. care with proraptnees. Office in the S. E.
corner or the Dial:mind, (formerly occupied by
W B. McClellan, Esq.)
Gettysburg, April 11, 1859. tf
Dr. A. W. Dorsey,
FORMELLY of Carroll county, Md., having
permanently located in Gettysburg, offers
professional services to the citizens of the
town and surrounding country in the practice of
the various branches of his profession. Office
and residence, Baltimore street, next door to
The Compiler office, where he may be found at
all times when not professionally engaged. .
ZZZZZ sots.
Prof. .than IL Smith, Baltimore, Md.
Rey. Auguste. Webster, D. D., Baltimore ILL
Dr. J. L. Warfield, Westminster, NJ.
Dr. W. A. Ilathiu, " .11
Jacob Reese, Esq., 41 14
John K. Longwell, "
Geo. E. Wampler, Esq., " eg
Rev. Thomas Bowen, Gettysburg.
Oct. 25, 1858. 6m
J. Lawrence Hill, M. D.
In - AS It is office one . trit atin
IFI door west of the ~T.
Lutheran church in
Chanthersburg street, and opposite Picking's
■tore, where Otos, wishing to have an) Dental
Operation perforated are respectfully invited to
call. Rarraisett.: Dry. Horner, Rev. C. P.
Kranth, D. D., Rev. H. L. Beugher, D. D., lter.
Prof. u: Jacobs, Prof. M. L. Stcurer.
Gettysburg, April 11, '53.
Jurors for April.
GRASD JCILT. -
Franklin—Jacob .IJark, Jacob Lower.
Oxfurd—Jobe Stock, Henry J. Kubn.
Mouutpleaaant—Jacob Miller, Thomas Stone-
.
lAm iltonban—Jno. Mc Ginley, Esq.,Win .Wa er.
Iluntington--Jeretniah Holtman, Sarni Bowers.
Berwick tp.—Daniel S. Baruitz.
Comberland—David W. Horner, John Herbst.
Tyrone--Daniel
Ilamilton—Daniel Lynch.
Straban—Jacoh Lawrence, Samuel' A. Gilliland.
Gettyeborg—Wm.B. Meals, Peter Raffensperger,
Henry B. Danner.
Conowago--Jesse D. Keller; Vincent O'Bold.
Mountjoy—Jacob Schwartz.
Butler—Jacob Mowerey.
GuiRAL JULY.
Berwick tp.--John Elder.
Conowago—Thomas McKinney, John Weaver.
Gettysburg—Jerome Walter, Geo. W. McClel
lan, Henry Rupp.
Reading—Singleton Eleholtz, Samuel March,
Samuel Blister, Andrew !trough.
Struban—Henry Witmor, Michael Miller, John
Lynch, George Weaver.
Monutpleasant—EmanuelSmith,RufusWeaver,
Wm. Parr.
Hamiltouban—Joseph Gelbach, Peter Stoner.
Menallen—Charles Stewart, Nicholas Slay
baugh.
aountjoy—Simon Hawn, Jacob Hartman.
Germany—Paul Kuhns, Wm. Matters, Henry
Dysart.
Latimore—Conrad R. Myers, /no. H. Myers.
Frsuklitt--Albert \run Dyke, Thos: F. Grammer.
Berwick bor.—Samuel Wolf.
Tyrone—Rudolph Dietrich, George Mackley,
Daniel Bream.
Hamilton-. Charles Hebert.
Cumberland—Daniel Polley, Henry Butt, Jno
Oman.
Huntington—Eli S. Myers, Adam Weigle.
Freedom—Abraham Krise, James Bigham
Liberty—Adam Diehl, James Corey.
Oxford—George Shane.
Union—Peter Sell, Edward Shorb.
Butler—Edward Staley.
March 1,2, 1860.
Gettysburg Foundry.
subscriber, hiving purchased the
_Foundry of Messrs. Zorbaugh, Sloat & Co.,
(formerly Warrens' Foundry,) has commenced
/business, and is now prepared to offer to the
üblic a larger assortment of Ilachinery than
itas heretofore been offered, such as THRESH
[tI MACHINES, Clover Hullers, Fodders Cut
ters, Corn Shelters, and Morgan's late i inpro% ed
fiorss Rake, Also, STOVES, such as Cook
,Slorits, three different kinds ; and fiNe different
sizes of Ten-plate Stoves. Likewise Mill and
Saw-mill Castings, and all kinds of Turning in
iron or Wood.
ifirREPAIRPiG of all kinds on Machinery
*WI Goslings will be done to order oa short
notie.. Patterns made to order ; Plough Cast
ings ready made ; PLOUGHS, such as Seylrr,
Witherow, Plocher, Woodcock, and many
others not mentioned here: and eight different
kinds of IRON IFE.NCL•iIi, for Cemeteries,
Porches or Yards.
Al o 1 Mortising Machines, one of the best
now in use. This machine works with a lever
by hand; any little boy can manage it.
Call and examine our stook ; no doubt but
w h at wa can own, Parsons ought to see it
their ad... Wage to buy machinery Q f an y ki n d
at home, where it is manufactured, so that they
cam very emailyget any part replaced or repaired.
DAVID STEMER.
Gettysburg, Feb. 13, 1860.
SHAWLS, Shevls.—A great variety of all
solors, styles and qualities, at
A. SCOTT k SON'S.
firls a sisals*, article, not necessary for the
-Asozatorts of life, but I have on hand a nice
leidelliiVELET, Inch as Gold Pencils, Breast
pins, Flaigerefags, le., Ic., which will be sold
at Wooed pried/ st 84MSON'S.
TYSON'S' PICTURES,
TYSONS' PICTURES,
TYSONS' PICTM.S
of deceased persons taken at
E t dart odee by TYSON k Bso., Getty,.
Pa.'
A i 4 i gk iL etia= " a m s 4
ry_ a liggi t
Mt
- surrabr iff us Delutend,
Gettysburg, Pe.
•
•
lltmarrattc I ts and it aMIIII Vountai.
cfb:s
-
Br IL J. STABLE
427 YEAR.
2: 1 0111TX"Oli C74:30
AT 11E4.
The night was wide for cooling shade,
For silence!and for sleep ;
And when I was a child, I laid
My hands upon my breast and prayed,
And sank to slumbers deep.
Childlike as then. I lie tinight
And watch my lonely cabin light.
Each movement of the swaying lamp
Shows how the vessel reels,
And o'er her deck the billows tramp,
And all her timbers strain and cramp,
With every shock she feels.
It starts and shudders, while it burns,
And in its hinged socket turns;
Now swinging slow, and slanting low,
It almost level Iles.
And yet I know, while to and fro
I watch the meaning pendule go,
With restleu fall and rise,
The steady shaft.is still upright,
Poising ats little
_Oahe of light.
0, hand of God f r O, lamp of peace I
0, promise of my soul !
Though weak and tossed, and ill at ease,
Amid the roar of smiting seas—
The ship's convulsive roll—
I own, with love and tender awe,
ion perfect type of faith and law !
A heavenly troll my spirit.calms I
My soul is filled with light !
The ocean sings his solemn psalms;
The wild winds chant; I cross my palms;
Happy as If to-night
Oder the cottage rout' again
I heard the soothing Summer rain.
Losarct.cove
dr_ rajn • 1F• if Vs -401
The Heart Supreme
Nothing in the wide world is worth
half so much as love and peace. Riches,
and station, and rank, and learning, and
polish, and genius, are vanity ; and less
than nothing when weighed in the
balance with a kind, genial, and unself
ish heart. Have them all, if you can ;
the first things are good additions to
the last, but therere wretched substi.
tutcs for it. It cannot be from necessi
ty they are so often parted ; there sure
ly is no sufficient reason why the goon
and noble heart should be vilified, and
hardened, and ii.flated with pride, by
the acquisition of the things that make
men great in the eyes of their fellows.
The most elaborate culture, the moat
subtle refinement, ought not to render
men selfish and vain. Better blunder
with the intellect than with the honrt,
fur in the lamrt, not in the head, lies
manhood, and the days will conic when
the heart will be crowned and walk be
fore, while thu understanding goes be
hind to do its errands. " A new com
mandment I give unto you that ye love
one another."
Anecdote of Gonera—Jaekson.
In the midst of the haitk eon test,when
Clay, Calhoun and Webster wore ma
king the Senate chamber ring with their
denunciations of General Jackson, and
his Administrat:on was on the verge of
riung'n , r into a wnr with Louis Phil
iippe, the Presbyterian General Assem
bly was being rent in twain by the New
and Old School quarrel. The Rev, Dr.
Stiles Ely, un ostentatious leader in the
Now School party, and admirer ofJack
son, visited the White house to tender
spiritual consolation to his sorely tried
chieftain. With a sympathizing look
and tone be asked, sqacesing the Presi
dent's hand fervently :
" General, of all the questions now
convuls:ng the country, which gives
you the most anxiety ?"
The old hero, who bad a spice of Cal
vinism and iron in his composition,
promptly replied :
" The quarrels in the Presbyterian
Church, Doctor."•
linking a Convert.
A gentleman in Boston, who had re
sisted all the arguments, evidences,
manifestations, and appearances, that
tend to convince people of the truth of
spiritualism, was converted one night
lately, by a simple operation. Ho was
avowing disbelief, when ,a gentleman
present who said ho wi.s a medium, of
fered to bet 820 to $5 that he could
produce another medium whO would
read a letter to be written by the dis
believer, held behind his back while ho
was also blindfolded in the most thoro'
manner. The wager was accepted and
the stakes deposited. The skeptic
wrote his letter, and the pretended
medium, who was familiar with tele
graphing operations, selected as a me
dium a telegraph operator ; upon his
back he held the letter, and communi
cated its contents by pressing with his
fingers upon the shoulder blade of the
medium, just as if he was operating up
on Morso's telegraph. No motion was
visible, but the operator number two
was enabled to read correctly every
word that was written, by the eyes and
fingers of the.operator 'behind him.—
The disbeliever lost his five dollars, and
immediately became an enthusiastic
convert to spiritualism.
i We visited a school the other
day, and among the many bright and
happy scholars we noticed one who was,
to speak figuratively, "a perfect. brick."
" Paul," said the teacher, " was Moses
ever married ?" " Iguess not," an
swered Paul, " for the Bible don't say
anything about Mrs. Moses."
sir The great wrong of society is in
listening to every idle rumor—every
malignant report—every vindictive
"hear say" which may have been set
a going, whether such a rainor affects
the integrity of a man, or the honor of
woman.
stirAn men come into the world
alone, and leave alone; king and pneet,
warrior and maiden, philosopher and
•child, all alike must walk death's migh
ty galleries alone.
serThe awn Wig can &wad adveoe
is often superior to him who an give It.
GETTYSBURG, PA.: MONDAY, APRIL 9, 1860.
A Good Acteedote.
Old Parson B—, who presided ov
er a little sock in one of the back towns
in the State of M—, was, without
any exception, the most eccentric di
vine wo ever knew. his eccentricities
were carried as far in the pulpit as ott
of it. An instance we will relate :
Among the church members was o e
who invariably made a practice erica -
ing ere the parson was two-thirtieth '
the sermon. This was practiced do
long that after& while it became a mat
ter of course, and no one, save the di
vine, seemed to take notice of it. Anld
4 3
he at length told brother P. that sueh 3 a
thing must be needless, but P. said t
that hour his family needed his servi
at home, and he must do it neverthel .
On leaving church ho always took a
round about course, which, by sonje
mysterious means, always brought hilln
in close proximity to the village tavern,
which ho would enter, "and thereby
hangs a tale."
Person B— learned from some
source that P.'s object in leaving church
was to obtain a "dram," and he deter
mined to stop his leaviug and disturl
ing tho congregation in future, if Buell
n thing was possible.
The next Sabbath, Brother P. left
his seat at the same time, and malt
ed for the dour, when Parson B ,
exclaimed,
"Brother P." 1 -
P. on being addressed, stopped sholt,
and gazed towards the pulpit.
"Brother P.," continued the parson,
"there is no need ofyonr leaving church
at this time, as when I passed the tat ~-
ern this morning,l made arrangements
with the landlor to keep your toddy
hot until church was out."
The riurprise and mortification of the
brother can hardly be imagined.
Brudder Boler Disocratflted. I
The Detroit Free Press says the riti
gro convention to take action on recent
newspaper attacks on the Canada fu4-
tivee, 'was held in a dilapidated okl
building, in Sandwich, Ca., on the 6fii
ult. ;The colored folks of two cou
ties collected and made an attempt to
proceed to business, but their prricced
ings were interrupted by a fight bet weein
two tailored clergymen, who fell into la
dispute on some knfitty theologi4i
topic, and came to sturdy blows. 'TIM
combatants re the Rev. Mr. Jon*
pastor of thir Zion Society at Windsor,
and the Rev. Mr. Boler, of Philadelphie,
a distinguished colored divine, who hied
come all the war fl-em the Quaker City
to attend the Convention. ri l lia Ret.
Jones "sailed in" unexpect ly, and
delivered a scientific " ono, two " an
Rev. Boler's nose, bringing the claret.
The Rev. Boler retaliated by getting in
n stunner on the Rev. Jones's bread
basket, which the Convention, now
deeply interested, pronounced foul.---
Loud cries of " Butt him, Jones, butt
him," emanated from the audience, act
ing upon which the Rev. Jones doublod
up and planted the top of his skull f
the Rev. Mr. Ruler's abdomen with fea -
ful effect. 'rho downfall of Philadelph
caused a shout of triumph from the
spectators, which was cot short by an
artful dodge on the part of the Roe.
Boler, who shut himself up liko a jack
knife, and opened with such velocitfr
that ;lie collision tripped up the Rev.
Jones and brought, him down, where,
with his bead "in chancery," he took
a healthy pummelling, They werio
finally palled apart by some of the sin
ters and turned oat, after which theY
procured clubs and•waged an unconl
promising warfare until both the''
beads were seriously damaged. The
el.were then arrested by a police offic ,
and locked up for trial., The fi ght be 7
twoen the reverend gentlemen excited
so much debate that, the convontioft
was forgotten, and the discussion trott
ed upon the merits of the combatants.
The general opinion was in favor of thb
Rev. Jones, as a home champion, the
sentiment eing decidedly averse to al
lowing Philadelphia derides to come 414 t
and take on airs over the aborigines: '
A majority of tho sisters sided with "d
gem man from Fillimadelfy," on aecou
of his wearing a white hat, and bein ,
withal, rather a good looking darkey , .
but they were indignantly frownell
down. Some of the knowi ng ones wont
so far as to intimate that the good
clothes lie wore wero a part of the pro
ceeds of some $7OO which ho had col
lected for the Abolition cause and apprq
priated to his own benefit. This may
have been the cause of the fight, which
actually occurred as desenbed, and
which promises to create no little dis
turbance in the church before the mat
ter is settled.
Nib - Neighbor Wilson caught a cooper
stealing some hoop-poles which he had
just got.. ready for market. The cooper
was astounded and offered farmer W.
$lO not to mention the fact; which
proposition, dilly backed by the money-,
way accepted. But the samo evening,
when Mr.• Wilson the cooper, and a lot
of mutual neighbors wero talkingl poli
ties at the villa‘ro grocery, the farmer
turned to a friend and asked
" Did I ever tell yon, neighbor Jenks,
that I had caught the cooper, hero,
stealing my hoop-poles ?"
" You never did."
" Well, then, said Mr. Wilson, I never
will, for I promised I wouldn't."
It is unnecessary to say that on the
next day, a first-rate cooper settled le
a neighboring village. •
oirlt is common to speak of those
whom a dirt has jilted is her victims.
This is a grave error; her real victim
is the man whom •he aecopta.
.11Q" W hat is the Menace between
twenty fourleset bottles and four-iuid
tw*PLY tut?* betties I .Pally dai 9aer4l
differenoe.
; • .
"TEVTII IS MICHITY, AND WILL PREVAIL."
The Method of Man's Creation.
Some years ago the reading public
was astonished by the appearance of a
book, which, under the name of the
Vestiges of Creation, undertook to
show that man, instead of being created
by a specific act of Almighty power. as
inculcated in scripture, was the result
of prokressive development. In other
words, the theory was, that a fish, by
mere length of time, and in the earlier
ages of the earth's history, had been
developed into a reptile; that the rep
tile in time, had changed into a lemur;
that the lemur bad becomo an ape; that
the ape had been developed into a man.
The foundation on which these assump
tions were built was the assertion, de
clared to be vevified by geological dis
coveries, that the older the rock, the
less perfect wore the fossil organiza
tions. One answer, among many, to
this theory, was that too little, as yet,
was known of the earlier geological
epochs, to be curtain that the alleged
fact was true. The wisdom of this re
ply has been shown by subsequent
discoveries; for, since them, mammalia
have been found in very ancient beds
of the scondury roeks—mammalia as
perfect as most which now walk the
earth ; and thus the assumption, that
the older the rock the less perfect the
organization, is blown to the winds.—
The whole theory of progressive devel
opment trembles in consequence to
pieces.
So much for negative proof. Now
for the positii-e. The assertions of rev
elation are, that twat only species, but
whole orders, were erehted from time
to time by un absolute act, of the Al
mighty mind—birds after their
beasts after their kind, man last of all ;
and each and every one by a distinct
oxereise of creative power, and not by
development, tho one from the other.
Now the general drift of the diikoveri:ni,
so far made by physical science, cor
roborates these views. Moreover, the
further those discoveries extend, in
any ono walk of science, the more
cumulative is the evidence in favor of
these assertions and revelations. The
presumption that fellows is, whenever
any discovery seems to iniltate against
divine truth, it is in consequence of our
immature knowledge on the Subject,
and that, if wo wait for further discov
eries, the discrepancy will disappear.—
Apart from this, every fresh discovery
in physical science, by increasing our
ideas of the magnitude and wonders of .
creation, enlarges cur .conception of the
attributes of Deity, and strengthens our
conviction that only Almighty power
could ,have called these inynail exis
tences into life. In the childhood of
nations, the being of a God bad to be
accepted on faith, to be believed be
cause it, -was revealed. In these later
ages, physical science, as potent-in its
way almost as the thunders.of Sinai,
declares the existence of a Creator in
every sod it turns up, in every rock it,
areaks, in every star it, discovers.
Time for Planting Corn.
Comprising as our country does all
sorts of climates—differing as it does to
the extent of at least six or eight weeks
in the earliness or lateness of its season
it is impossible to fix upon any precise
day for corn planting. Indeed such is
the difference of seasons, even in the
same State, that the day which might
bo right in ono section, would bo from
ten days to two weeks too late or too
early in another. In view of such dif
ference, the only safety is to bo found
in saying, that go when the frost is com
lletely out of the ground, and when the
eaf of the oak is as big as the squirrel's
ear," is the time fur corn planting; and
that early planting in a belies of years,
is generally found to be best.—American
Farmer.
liar" If there is anythingl hate, it is
a woman with a lap-dog! I always
want to drown it and rut a baby in its
place," says gruel Fanny Fern, forget
ting that too often the lap-dog owners
feel the same way, but take the dog be
cause they can't have the baby.—
Shoudn't be bard on the sex, Fanny,
because you've done a little something,
for your country.
• IlitirA eoeviition ender the Fugitive
Slave act has been obtained in Illinois.
John Hoosack, of Ottawa, in that State,
after a long and patient trial, has been
found guilty of aiding a slave to escape,
and sentenced to pay a tine of $l,OOO,
and to imprisonment for six months.—
lie was defended by six able lawyers,
and the proceedings are said to have
been impartial.
State Agricultural Society.—The State
Agricultural Society has selected Wv
°ming, in Luzerne county, as the place
for holding the next State Fair, and
fixed upon the 24th, 2.5 th, 28th, and
27th of September as the time. Wy
oming is situated in the beautiful val
ley of that name, and is six miles North
of the thriving town of \Vilkcsbarrc,
and eight miles South of Scranton.
itirA conductor on one of the city
railroad cars in Cincinnati has boen
fined $25 for compelling a man to yield
his seat to a lady. The Court held that
no lady could claim a seat as a right.
'Grit is stated in a New York jour
nal that the average duration of human
life in that city is but fifteen years.—
Fifty years ago the average was twen
ty-six years.
KrThe cost of a horse is the gift of
nature. That of an ass is often the
work of a tailor.
lOW Never affect to be witty, or jeet
so as to wound the feelings of another.
stir Two, Wividuals 14-Tirginis ate
about to Wit a cluelon hotsoNi4;..
Protest of the President Against Co
vode's Committee of Inquiry.
The subjoined message from the
President of the United States, trans
mitted to the Houie of Representatives
on Thursday, took by surprise the hon
est gentlemen who oonetituto a majority
of that body. The manly position of
the President, protesting against the
disgraceful conduct of such ephemera
as Covode, and his Black Republican
and Abolition backers, extorted from
those creatures many a "sign of war,"
and no little declamatory denunciation
of the "tyranny" of the President of
the United States in claiming "high
handedly," as they phase it, precisely
such rights—co more—as the laws of the
country award to the humblest individ
ual. The Opposition newspapers have
long seemed to re gval the President as
a mark of detractior, whose every ag
tion must be misrepresented. Ho could
do nothing right. In advance of his
action upon a given subject, it has been
assumed that ho will pursue a particular
coarse, and that course has been do
nouncial in unmeasured terms—and
when ;t turned out that he had not ta
ken the expected course, but had done
what his habitual revilers said he ought
to have done nothing remained for them
but to assail his motives 1 Poor Covode,
in introducing his vague, loose, resolu
tion of investigation—n sort of drag-uot
in which he hoped to catch up something,
ho know not what, that might bring
reproach upon the President—supposed
no doubt, that in ministering to the
morbid appetite prevailing among his
political associates for slanderous as
saults upon the President, ho might lift
himself thereby out of his iii‘ign ificatice,
and in the course of time become almost
as distinguished a man as "Ogle, the
spoon mans!" Whether be will have
cause to be pleased with such notoriety
as ho amy achieve, retrains to ho seen.
He and his abettors will find that the
American people regard fair play as a
jewel—that there is a d?ep-seated love
of justice pervading the masses—and
that the Jacksimlike message of Presi
dent Buchanan will go right to their
hearts and find a sympathetic response.
MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT
To the Rouse of Rtpreaentatives.—Af
ter a delay which has stforded me ample
time for reflection, and after much and
careful deliberation, I find myself con
strained by an imperious sense of duty
as a co-ordinate branch of the Federal
Government, to protect against the first
two clauses of the first resolution, adopt
ed by the House of Representatives on
the sth instant, and published in the
Congressional Globe on the succeeding
day. These clauses are in the follow
iug words :
Resolved, That a com:nlttee of five
members be appointed by the Speaker,
for the purpose : First, of investigating
whether the President of the United
States, or any other off me of the Gov
ernment, has, by money, patronage, or
any wommittee thereof, for or against
the passage of any law appertaining
io the rights of any state or Territory;
and, second, also to investigate whether
any officer or officers of the Government
have, by combination or otherwise, pre
vented or defeated, or attempted to pre
vent or defeat, tho execution of any law
or laws now upon the statute book, and
whether the President has failed or re
fused to compel the execution of any
law thereof.
I confine myself exclusively to,thoso
two branches of the resolution, because
the portions of it which follow relate to
alleged abuses in the post offices, navy
yards, public buildings, and other pub
lic works of the United States. In such
eases inquiries arc highly, proper- in
themselves, and belong equally to the
Senate and House, as incident to their
legislative duties, and being• necessary
to enable them to discover and provide
appropriate legislative remedies for any
abuses which may be ascertained. Al
though the terms of.the latter portion
of the resolution are extremely vague
and genornl, yet my sole purpose in ad
verting to them at the present: is to
mark the broad line of distinction be
tween the accusatory and the remedial
clauses of this resolution. The House
of Representatives possess no power
under the Constitution over the first
or accusatory portion of the resolution,
except as an impeaching body, whilst
over the last, ►n common with the Sen
ate, their authority as a legislative body
is fully and cheerfally admitted.
It, is solely in reference to the first or
impeaching power that I propose to
make a few observations.
Except in this single case the Consti
tution has invested the House of Rep
resentatives with no power, no jurisdic
tion, no supremacy whatever over the
President. In all other respects he is
quite as independent of them as they
are of him. As a co•ordinato branch of
the Government he is their equal. In
deed, he is the only direct representa
tive on earth of the people of all and
each of the sovereign States. To thorn,
and them alone, is ho responsible, whilst
acting within tho sphere of his consti
tutional duty, and not in any manner
to the House of Representatives. The
people have thought proper to invest
him with the most honorable, responsi
ble, and dignified (Ace in the world;
and the individual, however unworthy,
now holding this exalted position, will
take care, so far a in him lies, that
their rights and prerogatives shall nev
er be violated in his person, but shall
pass to his successors unimpaired by
the adoption of a clungeroui precedent..
He will defend them to the last extrem
ity against any unconstitutional at
tempt, come from what quarter it may,
to abridge the constitutional rights of
the Executive, and render him subser
vient to any human power except them
sitivee. The people have not, contised
TWO DOLLARS A-YEAR
the President to the exorcise of execu-
tive duties.
They have also conferred upon him,
in a large measure, legislative discre-
Am. No bill can become a law with
out his approval as representing the
people of the United States, unless it
shall pass after his veto by a majority
of two-thirds of both Rouses In this
legislative capacity he might, in com
mon with the Senate and House of
Representatives, institute an inquiry to
ascertain any facts which ought to in
fluence his judgment in approving or
v2toing any bill. This participation in
the-performance of legislative duties be
tween co-ordinate branches of the Clot , -
ernmant, ought to inspiie the conduct
of all of them in their relations towards
each other with mutual forbearance
and respect. At least, each has a right
to demand justice from the other: The
cause of complaint is tiipt the constitu
tional rights and immuffities of the Esc
outive have been violated in the person
of the President. The trial of an im
peachment of the President before the
Senate, on charges preferred and prose
cuted against him by the Douse of Rep.
resontatives, would be an imposing
spectacle to the world. In the result
not only his removal from,the Presiden
tial office would be involied, but what
is of infinitely greater importance to
himself, his character, both in the oyes
of the present and of future gonorations,
might possibly be tarnished. The die
graco cast upon him would in some de
gree be reflected upon the character of
the American people who elected him.
lletice the precautions adopted by the
Constitution to soanro a fair trial. Un
such a trial, it declares that the Chief
Justice shall preside. This was doubt
less because the framers of the Consti
tution believed it. to be possible that the
Vico President nfight be biased by the
fact that in case of a removal of the
President from office the same shall de
volve on the Vice President.
The preliminary proceedings in the
House in the case of charges which may
involve impeachment, have been well
and wisely settled, by long practice,
upon principles of equal justice, both to
the accused and to the people. The
precedent established in the case of
Judge Peck, of Missouri, in 1831, after
careful review of all former precedents,
will, I venture to predict, stand the
teat of time. In that ease Luke Ed
ward Lawless, the accuser, presented a
petition to the house,
in which he sot
forth, minutely and speci6eal:y, his
causes of complaint. He prayed that
the conduit and proceedings in behalf
of the saliffudge Peck may be inquired
into by your honorable body, and such
decision made thereon as to your wis
dom and justice shall seem proper. This
petition was referred to the Judiciary
Com mittee,and such has over been deem
ed the appropriate committee to make
similar investiptions. It is a standing
committee supposed to bo appointed
without reference to any special case,
and at all times is presumed to be com
posed of the most eminent lawyers in
the House from different portions of the
Union, whose acquaintance with judici
al proceedings and whose habit of in
vestigation_qualify them peculiarly for
the task. No tribunal, from their poet-
Lion and character could, in the nature
of things, be more Impartial. In the
case of Judge Peck the witnesses were
selected by the committee itself, with
the view to ascertain the truth of the
charge.
They were cross-examined by him,
and everything was conducted in such
l a manner as to afford him no reasona
ble cause of complaint.
In view of this precedent, and whit
it of far timel i er importance. in view of
the ConstitutEm and. principles of eter
nal justice, in what manner has the
President of the United States been
treated by the House of Represonta
tives P Mr. John Covode, a representa
tive from Pennsylvania, is the accuser
of the President. Instead of following
the wise precedents of former times,
and especially that in the case of Judge !
Pock, and referring the accusation to
the Committee , on the Judiciary, the
'louse have made my accuser one of my
judges.
To make the accuser the judge is a
violation of the principles of universal
justice and is condemned by the prac
tice of all civilized nations. Every
freeman must revolt at such a spectacle.
I am to appear before Mr. Covodo,
either personally or by a substitute, to
cross-examine the witnesses which ho
may produce before himself, to sustain
his own accusations against me, and
perhaps even thispoor boon may be
denied to the President.
And what is the nature of the inves
tigation which his resolution proposes
to institute? It is as vaguo and gener
al as the English languagu affords
words in which to make it. Thu com
mittee is to inquire, not into any speci
fic charge or charges, but whether the
President has, by "money, patronage
or other improper means, sought to in
fluence"—not the action of any indi
vidual member or members of Congress,
but "the action {of f the entire body) of
Congress itself, or any Committee
thereof." The President might have
had some glimmering of the nature of
the offence to be investigated had his
accuser pointed to the sot or sets of
Congiess which he sought to pees or to
defeat by the employment of "money,
patronage or other improper means."
But the accusation is bound by no such
limits. It extends to the whole circle
of legislation; to the interference "for
or against the passage of any law ap
pertaining to the rights of any State or
TerritOry."
And what law does not appertain to
the rights of some State or Territory f
dad whatlaw or laws has the Proeideni
Lilted to AMU. t 7 :4110.41 WeAt
CtalCiala4
Irilr ' 4 "".,; , ..."Atir•T0m.
far ft_pointea OUt liar_
ezist4d. IP.. Lawless' aft% , an
inquiry tis be made by the Hountvishe
ther Judge Peck, in ; s enoral terms; bull
not violated bis judicial duties, without
the specification of any particular Act,
I do not believe there would have been
a single vote in that body la favor of
the inquiry. Since the titan of the
Stnr Chamber and of General Warrants,
there has been no such pmeeeding in•
England. The House of Representa
tives, the high impeaching power of the
country, without consenting to hear a
word of explanation, have endorsed
this accusation against the President,
and made it their own act. They even
refused to permit a member to ipquiro
of the Pl'esldent's accuser what were
the specific charges against him. Th us
in this preliminary accusation of " high
crimes and misdemeanors" against a
co-ordinate branch of the Government,
under the impeaching power, the House
refused to hear a single suggestion even
in regard to the correct mode of pro
ceeding; but, without a moment's 4e
lay, passed the accusatory resolutions
under the pressure of the previous ques
tion.
NO. 44.
In tho institution ofa prosecution ter
any offence against the most humble
citizen—and I claim for myselftia grea
ter rights than he enjoys—the Centel tn
tion of the United States, and of .the
several States, require that he should
be informed, in the very beginnipg i gg
the nature and cause of the accusation
against him, in order to prepare'for his
defence. There are other principle*
which I might enumerate, not lasses,
cred, presenting an impenetrable shield
to protect every citizen falsely charged
with a criminal offence. These havp
been violated in the prosecution 'white.
ted by the House of Repreeentativei
against the Executive branch of the
Government. Shall the President alone
be deprived of the protection of those
groat principles which prevail in every
land where a ray of liberty penetrates
the gloom of despotism? Shall the Exe
cutive alone be deprived of rights wl4h
all his fellow-citizens enjoy ? Thi
whole proceeding against him justifies
the fears of those wise and great men
who,
before the Constitution wassekli
ted by the States; apprehended that
the tendency of the Government was
to the aggrandizement of the Login* ,
tire at the expensea the Execiill94l
and Judicial departmllfts.
I again declare, emphatically, that
make this protest for no reason peril*:
nat to myself, and I do it with Toffeeft
respect for the House ofilepresentatbrimi;
in which I had the honor of serving as
a member for five successive termsi , I
have lived long in this goodly land, and
have enjoyed all the offices find holism
which :thy ixeuitry could bestow.—
Amid all the political storms through
which I have passed, the present is the
first attempt which has ever been made;
to my knowledge, to assail my personal
or official integrity, and this as the
time is approaching when 1 shaltvolun
tarily retire from the service of My
country, I feel proudly conscious Shall
there is no_publie act of my life which
will not bear the strictest scrutiny. A
defy all investigation. Nothing but
the tweet perjury can sully my geed
name. Ido not fear even this, because I
cherish an humble confidence that the
gracious Being who has hitherto defpn.
ded and protected me against the shaft ,
of falsehood and malice, will not desert
me now, when I have become old and
gray headed. I can declare before God
and my country that no human being,
with an exception scarcely worthy- of
notice, has at any period of my life dared
to appr9sch me with a corrupt ordia.
dishonor Able proposition,
and, until the
recent developments, it had never**.
tored into my imagination that ally
person, oven in the storm of exasperated
political excitement, would charge ma,
in the most remote degree, with having
made such a proposition to any human.
being. Imu now, however, exclaim
in the language of complaint, employed
by my first and greatest prodeceosor,
that " I have been abused" in sect-ex
aggerated and indecent terms as could
scarcely be applied to a Nero—to As
notorious defaulter, or even to 11400111...
mon piel‘pocket.
I do, therefore, for-the reasons stated,, —
and in the name of the people of the
several States, solemnly protest arise
these proceedings of the House o Rep•
resoutatives—because they are in viols,
Lion of the rights of a co-ordinate Exe
cutive branch of the Government, and
subversive of its constitutional indel
pendenco; because they aro calculated
to foster a band of interested parasites
and informers, over ready, for their
own advantage, to swear beforeox-parts
committees topretendedj)rivateconver,,
sations between the President and
themselves—incapable„ from their na
ture, of being disproved, thus furnieti.'
ing material for hurrassing him, de n gra- ,
ding him in the eyes of the country;
arideventually, should h e a weak a N ,
timid man, rendering hi subservient
to improper influences; in &Get to avoid
such prosecutions and annoyances, he ! .
cause they tend to destroy that—Ear
monious, action for the common go&1
which ought to be maintained, and
which I sincerely desire to cherish be
tween co-ordinate branches of the Gov
ernment ; and finally, because, if unm.
bisted, they would establish a precedent,
dangerous and embarrassing to alney:
811CCed80113, to whatever political party
they might be attached.
(Signed) JA3IES BUCIIANAN.
Washington, 28th of March, /NO
dV'gro Bsneing vs. Child itt7ling.—
Against the , slave-burning accusations
of the " Tribune" against the South, the'
" liornld" rejoins by saying that—. .
" There is no crime more heinous nor
more common, in this city, than infer':
ticide. We read that in this city, 11'
one day, the bodies of no loss than -liar
abandoned infants were found in the
streets. While such cvidenceeof social
evils at the North are presented befor'e .
our eyes every day, does it not aeew
little like cant, to dwell upon the MOWN
in the eyes of our Southern bretltraqtk
There would be quite as muchjuslioe
in charging New Yorkers with beltik
community of child-killers as Untie
in charging the South with lamb"
slaves. And yet this last act kin%
Air. Van Wyck did in the liaise
prosentativea, and what the TrZune
has endorsed.—.R. - Y. Express:
strA Parisian robber, who vrturat*
rooted for stoaling *duff out of a tobac
conist's Shop, by way ore,rousit
self, etelalined, Thor be
wawa ti fsity 4am-du% • -
to take unit"
A
t ... -4 ;OPT