i mss
r 1
1 end des Mik* O kilo', ea** 1 9• 41 gem AV, 1g el alf B ". l #o 4 l=iee
, nillsseet, been owe . e g , igibl ,
I, sil i di l i soat e
sinamou tiem isessien v -e. 1 te ear er
! : I
the mediate sdmiasiou
1 1" IX t ill =
us , —.use a
Al. settlement of the qa
.......,sultlifet rotolutiou ot
I k , I should hare bees igraet tears, and the supprb, 4011 aild of Intl
i , 0 :basis any - lg e hualiktias in this frontiers." Happily,
„ err eemplish this ote,
re was nooticasion to call these regiments
ee l seqaimeud in what ti, cy .
i n eel Comproatie,aad approved the into for the Pnisident to cease a e !flies of the inhabi- late service. If tilde had been, I should
„„„i the adiaissiosi of' tee Suite of' gears. into tie tesesto be taken. and defamed suf fi cient. theni h 2 ref O se ri () "en t .harra" 'ne m ,'" n ebretteg
ice ,. Union" epos' the terms themie preeeellbee. Iby the terms of this act to authorise them t.) ` them, so Veit KO the number of our
m e Melee the ordiusee 'heti adorn pawed doe 1 pelmet 'ha their ore way" to frame a :hue l true wed patriotic citrus , an xious to
ociatiww, L ecompten e eneetetee , the p eo pl e a K im • ree etisseg oe areparato.7 to admienon into the ' serve their eonatry in this diean t and ap
dr_
ru
ty tio it il eve ' r lh b t ., l it
b e ., sea had claimed disable the quantity of public Union I also recommend that an apprepria- e c e l, d„„„ fron , enc ei
hinds for the support ot e .temon 'taboo* sloe may be ovule to enable the Prviuletit to i L i ; e r ne * been': and -ltheo
Pa'
;h ,, is hick had ever been pre, lowly erateed to say t ube a mums of the psople of Kinser .
stn State upon entering the Union : and also the, a
theln mean time, it was my anxious de- ho wistion and economy of ssudiug suf
-41 alternate see Joie of land for twehe miles on , pile th a t th e M ormons s h ou ld yield obedi. Selene rein foreernente to I'G:there establish
-swedy' belonged- N Lan IA each lade of the Railroad+. proposed to be cion• race to t h e euri „ titution and the hors, with- ed not only by the event, but in the opin
es happy to say, tuestais the se stracted from the I ' cirthcru to the .cumbers ' out renderitP , it nee ry,to re 4 ort to nil- ion of those who, front their position and
boundary, end from the eacern to the western ..
'of this object, during the lass ''';'f o ai d i n 6 ; 04111 , 6 hinx th is i
. opportunities, are 'the most eainible of form
boundary of the State. Congressoleeming these - Itery fore .
`object. I deemed it advisable in April last la.., , steorreet judgment, GeneraLlohnstun
claims auressons.ble„ proti,-,k.1, by the set of
May 4, 1858, to which I have jest referred, tor i to despite* two distinguished citizens of the commander of the forcee, ii! addressing '
the admission of the St.tte on ail equal footill7; l she United States, Messrs. Powell and Mc- • the Secretary of War from Fart Ili idger,
with the original States, but "upon the lunar. , ci t m ee h , t o tet ta h Th ey b ore w i t h them a under date of October Is, IASB, ex pieties
I mental condition precedes" that a majorityuf ,meimuion addressed by tuyself to the the opinion that "unties a large force is
the people thereof, at an eye Lion ts bp h :Id
1 nhslitants f (ash dated he •
on t sixth day semi here, from tho nature of the couutry,
' for that purposLe, should, in the place of the i I I ° '
1 otthet Ineuth warning them of their tru 3 , a p r otracte d
. . waa " their [the Mormons
1 rIITY large grants of public lands which they This he considered
' bad demanded under the ordinance, accept such I condition, and how hopeless awes on their P art I ""VfillUi.'"
, emu as bad been made to Minnesota tr. other 1 part to persist in rebellion against the Uni-
nectlisary, to terminate the war, 'speedily
new States. Under this act, should a majeri- ' ted States, and offering all these who should ' and wore eemleamicati,3; than if attempted
tv reject the proposition offered them, "it shall : submit to the laws a full pardon fur their 1 by ill/111416 a" alem ''''
he deemed and held that the people orliaosna pas
an r eon,. Atthe same ;
1 t seditious dt ea I have occasion , all % t° edat r a , tniate rn
do nut desire admission into the Union with
time I muntredthose who should persist in on the result °` ear Deg"tungului with
said Constitution under the conditions set forth 1 ' • Chin s .
rebellion against the United States, that
in said proposition." In that eveut,the act so Yam were iefenned by te r list annual'
therizes the people of the Territory to elect 1 they must expect no further levity, but
delegates to form a constitution and State gov- I look to be rigorously dealt with according nt ,t aaa ag e, that oar mait"" had been lit•
ernment for themselves, "whenever, and dello their deserts. Th e instructions to these 155....„ "'
•"'" t° taan'PY a neutral position in the
before, it is ascertained by a census, duly and agente, as well as a copy of the proc i ammioc hostilities condusted by Great Britain and
legally taken, that the population of said Ter- I an d t h e i r reports, are herewith submitted . France against Canton. Ile wan h ow
ritory equals or exceeds the ratio of mycelium-, h ari a b e som a, t h e i r „ pert eche lid of ever, at the same time, disputed to co-op e r.. I
1 teflon required for a member of the House of ! July
that 4 6. fully it ed • ate cordially with She Ikieisit and French
' Represectatives of the Congress of the United! last , they have ...___,, con nal ~ . „ i
States. The delegates thus assembled, 'shall I the opinion expre ssed fey General JOIMIgtOiI I 1211"4"11/2 sma ll measures to smut ,
by treaty those just eoscessions to foreign I
first determine by a vote whether it is the wiee k in the premier Oeteber,osee the necessity
of thopeople of the proposed State to be ad- 'of sending reesfereensents is ut a k, i n leentoterce, which the nations of the world 1
I
scare firmly its. had a right to demand. It was itupossible
mated into the Union at that time, and, if di, this they atate, that they
' shall proceed to form a constitution, and take p ressed with the belief themom - ee for me to proceed therther than this, ou try 1
i a ll necessary step, for the estab li shment of 1, aths • la ja. • ' own autliority, without usurping the war-
State
government in conformity with the fed- i hero and the rge a ibonaU
making power, which, ,nude' the constitu
tors* that had been ordered to this Terri
oral constitution." After this constitution shall
I have been formed, Congress. carrying out tee tory, were the ehief inducements that tion, belongs exclusively to thlligTe 4B •
principles of popular soversrikut; and non-in- caused the Mormons to abandon the idea Besides, alter a careful examination of
I tetvention, have left "the m‘ sad manner of of' resisting the authority of the United the "sad intent a f catr g r etvanerai I
its approval or euification by the people of Mel States. A less dselsive ity would prob- did not ham they were of such a ruining I
proposed State" to be "prescribed by law." and ably have ' wa ll e d h a a w el l y, and and a e „eviarstiell eharacter, as would have
they "shall then be admitted int 1 the Unton as justified Cosgress . In declaring war against
expensive war."
laegaStlaitve
made, unde w su ith di or coesti witi tt ut ioii sis ti ‘ e v i ry fa; rill:lilt:kid These gent l eman ama d uata d t h amme h as the Chinese empire, without first making
to my entire satidaetioa, and reipiewed um. *o th er earnest °144 " 1 1 4 t° ad ass thaw by
conuCtution mess prescribe."
An election was held themwthese Kansas, in fel services in mousing the WM., Is- Med° nellessatem — • I was the mare in
pursuance of the provisions of this act, oaths station rif the gervernmest. Slimed to due *aka bemuse afthe severe
second day of August last and it resulted lathe It she affords me great s e , ebostisement whist' h ad then but recently
rejection. by a large majority. of the potted- gr, - that Ckrreriser Cam lice indicted upon the Chinese b y our
in the capture and destructs* of
don submitted to disputer by Cozreta. ibis formed his duty in as Weave effnelb" ,
being the ease, they are apse prised to
e m a t 1 the Barrier farts, to avenge au alleged in- ,
EMI another eon/attrition, preparatory to ad- manner, sa d leirkehe herldeld
iniesiou into the Union, bet mot until th eir R u in . mud, in this oosinezioa, relight Ban , salt too r
The irrei i i i l es . proved the wisdom of our
bey, as ascertained by a ceases, shall equal or mentioning the vainabie services or cot. I
exceed the ratio recia l w ,4 to e l ect a member Thomas L . li ana, w h o, fr om mot i ves o f , neutrality. Oar minister has executed his
1
to the House of Reptementstives. . pure benevolence, and without any official instructions with eminent skill and ability.
It is not probable, in the preseitt date of me pecun i ary compensation via_ lln conjunction with the Russian plenipo-1
charaetev or
case, that a third constitution can be lawfully , ~,„I p ull d „4„, h is ' ! 1 tentiary he ha. peacef 11
u y, but effectually
framed and presented to Congress by Kansas , ' 1 "'"' ' ---e! the t inc l ement winter, 1 _
before its population shall have reached the fur the purpose of contributing to the pa- c ' ted • h theEnglishFrench '
0-opera with and
designated snubs'. For is ha/ be presumed tifieitiOn of the Terrines. plenipotentiaries t • and each of the four i
!
that, a ft er their sad experience in resisting the I ant happy to inform you, that the got _ p ower; has concluded a separate treaty
territorial laws, they will attempt to adopt a ernee and other civil diem of Utah, are with China, of a highly antiaf dory char
edlatitation in fawn violation of the leelui- now performing their appropriate &Helloes actor. The treaty concluded by our own
ions of an set of Cor."' Dur i n g the sea- without resistance. The authority of th e 1 plenipotentiary will huilneliately be 6114-
ai " nfiflaflelaate of the time of Congress was constitution and the laws h at be
en fully ; witted to the Senate.'
oecupied on the question of admitting Kansas ' lam ha to announce that, throw h
under the Topeka constitution. Again, b ear . restored, and peace prevails throughout the PRY e t
ly the whole of the last session was devoted to Territory. {the energetic yet conciliatory efforts of our
the question of admission underthe Lecorr.p- A portion of the troops sent to Utah consul general in Japan, a new treaty has
ton constitution. Surely it is not unreasonable are sow encam p e d i n C e d ar V a ll ey, f orty . been concluded with that empire, which may
to require the people of Kansas to wait, before four miles 'wisest of Salt Lake City • be expected inaterially to augment oar trade
making a third attempt, until the number of and the remainder have been or d ere d o ; and intercourse in that quarter, and remove
their inbabitauts shall amount to nines-three ‘1 ,,_,, ,„. ee Indian hostilities. from ar aosetrymen the disabinties whieh
thousand four hundred and twenty. During ""`Er" ••'• — Pr"' hs, h
eretofore• -- i
this brief period of harmony, the Stites , es The march of the army to Salt Lake i • e been Imptaseti upon the ex
well as the great business interests of t h e coon- City, through the Indian Territory,l
h aa ereise of their religion. The treaty &hall
t r y, demand that the people of the Union shall had a powerful effect in restraintni t te s 'be submitted to the Senate fur approval
not for a third time be unedited by another hostile feelings against the United without delay.
agitation on the Kansas question. el
1 waiting which existed among tht Indians in that It is toy earnest' desire that every ale.
tor a short time, and acting in obedience to reg i on, and i n men d undemanding with the government of
steels emi g rants to the ~.,
law, Kansas will glide sumo the Uaitin without • ecee -,
F ar W es t, s o m e th eir d opna l st h am. „l urea Brisuu, should lie amicably and
the s lightest impedianeat.
This excellent provision, which Congress Thus promoting settlements along the speedily adjusts/. It has haws the / 144-
&tune of both countriea, almost ever ei-see
have applied to Kansas, ought to be extended mute.
and rendered applicable to all territories which I recommend that the benefits of our Lad tits period of the revolution, to have been
may hereafter seek admission into the Union. l aws an d pre-emption system b e exten d e d annoyed by a succession of irritating nild ,
Whilst Congers possess the undoubted pow- Ito the people of Utah, by the establishment ' daefferewr aa rteetioss, threatening their :
er of admittiegto a sew State in the Unite', l o f a l an d e ig ee i n t h at st •
errttory. friendly r oos. This luta partially pre- i
however small may be the number of its inhale Th e condition of t h e T en i tar , vented the frill development of those feel- I
iums,yet this power ought not t in my *doom e Utah -"in of mutual friendshi be th
P tween e pee
be exercise before the population shall amount 01 e! t when eeutreated with what. tt g s
to the ratio required by the act foe the &dads- weir at year ago, is a subject for cangrat, Plc nf the twoeountries, so natural in thew
sion of Kansas. Had this been previously the alatios. It was th en i n a s t a t e of open I selves and so conducive to their common in
rale, the country would have escaped' all of the rebellion, and, cost what it might, the char- I tersest. Any serious interruption or the
evil , and atiefoctenes to which it has been ex- eater of the government required, Unit thial commerce between the Unitiel, Statile tied
posed by the Kaneiseetneetioa rebellion should be suppresses/and the Mor-IGrent Britain, would be equally intermits
Of coarse, it would•
be anion to eve this rule um m fl e d t o •id obedi mho Ito both. In fact, no two nations have gr.
Pe cue to e
a retrospective application, and exclude a moss .Pe i
State which , acting upon the past practice of constitution and the laws. In order to see r ex i sted on the face of the earth, which
the government, has already earned its coil. cos fish this object, as I informed you in mild do each other so muck good or so
nitution, elected its legislature and other off- my last anneal in iire., I appointed a new much harm.
ma, and is now prepared to enter ibis Union. governor instead of Brigham Young, and Entertaining these sentiments, lam
The rule ought to be adopted, whether we ether federal °Boers to take-the place of, gratified to inform you, that the long rend.
consider its bearing on the people of the Ter- those who, eonsulting their weasel safety , tug controversy between the two peyote
ntories or upon the people of the existing L... 1 found it withdraw froth ' i Me L. i reke to thequestion of kite
necessary to n i n ton r
State,. Many of the ilitriees diasensious whieh "'"
the Territory. To protect these eivil oft. tion and search, has been einiceblY ailltst
hare prevailed in Congress and throughout the
country, would have been avoided, had thi s dine and to aid them, ise apemis contifatus, ed. no claim on the part of Great Brit
ru le been established at as earlier petted of the in the execution of the laws in ease of need, sin, forcibly to visit American vessels on
zoyerum!nt._ I ordered a detachment of the army to se- the high seas in time of peace, could not •
.
company them to Utah. The neeesaity fur be sustained under the law sil nations, and
adopting th ese teeseece , is now d emoutr ,, i it had been overruled by her own most ems
ted. Mustjnrista. This question was recently
On the 15th September, 1857, Governor brought to an howls blth°, repeated sets
Young issued his proclamation, in the style °, f British cruisers' , in bear d ing and "arch
of an independent sovereign, announcing 1 1 11 11 our mere, haat ..usaals is th e Gulf of
his purpose to resist by force of arms, the Mexico and the atteutoot sees. These acts
entry of-the United States troops in our were the more injurious and annoying, as I
own Territory of Utah. By this ho requir- these waters are traversed by a large por
ed all the forces in the Territory, to "hold l
Lion of the commerce and navigation IV
themselves in readiness to march at a mo- the United States, and their free and unrie
meet's notice to repel any and all such in-, stricted use is essential to the security of
vaaion," and established mart i a l law from' the coastwise trade between different
its date throughout the Territory. These I States of the Union. Such vexatious in ,
proved to be no idle threats. Forts Bridg- ' tervuptions could not fail to excite tiled
er and Supply were vacated and burnt feelings of the country, and to require the I
down by the Mormons, to deprive our interposition of the government. licinon
troops ofa shelter after their long and fa-I streams were addressed to the British ;rov- ,
tigiung march. Orders were isued by I eminent against these violations of our
Daniel H. Well', styling himself "Lieu- I rights of sovereignty, and a naval force
tenant General, Nauvoo ° LtTion," to stain-1 was at the same time ordered to the Cu
pede the animals of the I Tni tied States troops 1 halt water", with directions "to protect all
ou their march, toilet fire to their trains, • vessels of the United States on the high
to burn the grass the whole country 1 sees, from search or detention by the ves
r before them and on their flanks, to keep aela - of - war or any other 114tice•" Thaw
them from sleeping by night surprises, and moues received the unqualified ,and e
ta blockade the road by felling trees, and vett enthusiastic approbation of the Amer
destroying the fords o f r i vers ; ~k 4 ., j r : l . lean people. Most fortunately, however,
These orders were promptly and •ffortu- no WiliSitel toot place, and the Viritish gam
ally obeyed. Os the 4th October, 1857, ernmentpromptly avowed its recognition
the "'torsions captaroi led buried on of the principles of international law upon
1 G reen ti ers , th r ee o f oar supply trains, this subject, as laid down by the govern
consisting of seventy-leawagons ,leaded I meet of the United States, in the note of
with provisions and teats As the army, the Sec of State to the British min
and carried arty several hundred asii4. ister et f raiingtop, of April 10, 1858,
This diminisled the supply o f p or i v i st ,i gicii *mire tEtt , , vas& of the United
s o materially th a t G mri d.jed uet t ee was &des upon tie high atm limn visitation
- o ) ;i li gec i to reduc e th e ration, and even w i t h 1 or search in time of locum, under any cir
, ibis precaution, there was only selleiont kit onmanknoes wholiovole The claim has been 1
Lta'anist the troops until the first of Jostelabeedosed in a winner "fleeting honor
Our littl e arm y b e t tere d a d m i ra bl y i n 1 1 onthe British government, d evincing
i their enounpmettest Fort Bridger, tinder ; a just regard for the law of nati„ °nava. nd
these trying pi-teatime. Is the midst of cannot fail to strengthen the aalloah'S Alt
th e in iii a 4611spigr, • vim* Lad , an d halms between the two wont:i s .
in ' smiles,asems Asa a thommed The &Paid' government at the same
miles from haw, they passed the severe time, prepay's to the United Skala that
and ieedemont winter without a munner. some mod* shoal hie adopted, by muhad
The oohed forward with aeeedenee for arnaifflitillent beillliiken the two ocitin=ar
relief born their einmery in due mimeo, a character which may be found e
and Ti this they were attilbloppoistiiii. without being wilimmiireiffer miller
The Beerstarfof Was employed all Ms itudossity of snob eempasted e
is e it to forward them the asseissry grass& of ismeyfreg flit illfr
and to utnater smdAsed sub Ii have also invited the United?
am fordo to Ma so inlaid router to the initiative, and -
'siabeai mitt the Sipe Iffaohisair - impose. IVWhit
Ins fesd . thes ' Oka isi a, -
ISP- 11(
. 01 1_ . all OOP *WS if 44Fi
ts •,,*
- beeltliblie.
e.
Court of the United States
decided, that ell American Mei
.
IA equal rttht to take into the Ter
is eld as property under
Katy of the States, and to hold such
' - there under the guardianship of the
constitution, so long as the territorial
• • shill remain.
• Is now' well-established position, and
• of the hut session were alone
- Sive it practical effect The prick
'.
'''' 1 Moe tees recognized, in Nome form or
; .... 74, 111 an almosttittanittwas vis,e of both
of Congress, that s Temtory has a
• come into the Uisioa either as a free
le e haste, act:cordial to the will of a ma
,' ;,,, ite people. The ust equality of all
' '''' hes thee been via iicated, and a fruit
cl. simes e n dissossiutt among them
' ,data, seek leas been the beneficial tenden
'wipes lecislative proceedings outside of
Bair Whence has nowhere been so
114 wiehist that Territory itself. Left
sea Control its own affairs in its
lily, without the pressure of external
A in
revolutionary Topeka organize
li=l Ate
all resistance to the territorial govern-
Eigt' . elitablished by Cuagre3s, have beenfi
y abandoned. As a natural consequence.
hoe territory now appears Lk) be tranquil
Skit prosperous, and it attracting increasing
tioemands of immigrants to make it their hap
*. bowie. _
• The put unfirtnnat.l eveerience of Kansas
enforced the liaison S'i otten already taught
resistance to kcal isutli(irity, under our
• agoverudieut, cannot fail in the end to
••• disastrous to its authors. Had the pet)-
. ef the Territory riehled obedience to the
' Omeeted by their legislature, it would at
C‘'' ... , reseal moment have contained a large ad- I
parlation of industrious and enter-,
' .4 lmola, who hare been deterred from ,
its torAers by the existence of civil
.
At% mild olgiusised rebellion.
.
settle the resistance aring
attempts tori
to establ ish htfulauthority
Ts
l it itnery
w r t rntbre t i , i d t l i sittier the Tope ka
11 4 1 ,1 11611119 amilwittb e e g ra te i
error ta of people
rfoal:to .
WI The delegates to the convention to frames
I"Wititetion, under a law not denied to be fair
in its provisions. This refusal to vote
the prolific sour .v of'all the evils
Wave follhwed. In their hostility to
government, they disregarded
ffissete, abrorm oil oar lutel
government, t hat
e l those who vote—not the the
it
,majority
V ,
ntiettiy remain at home, from whatever
ust decide the result of an election.
Pitt Olitipason, seeking to take advantage of l
Asir own error, they denied the authority or,
tie eptiveatitia thus elected to frame a cousti-
The pgrintion, notwithstanding, proceed. '
MiLl44loll9ipt vt'constitution unexceptionable in ; 1
iltaipoerstl features, and providing for the sub- j I
*Main tif.tlse . slavery question to a vote of the ' '
, phislt, in my opinitin, they were bound : I
7 . ster t s f t he Kansas and Nebreska act.— 1 , 1
i" ° tees dm ill -important question which had , '
, • ' sveafisAed the Territory; and yet the"
•• • • ot4s lawful government, persisting !
wertir, refrained from exercising;
- '• 1.
,vote, and preferred that slavery ;
• - • : ": 1 . -. • rather than surrender their
• • - opeka organization.
'4
-Witter an better spirit seemed to prevail
y.
beiges She first Monday of January last, when 11
an ideation was held under the COnStitatiori•— i
Thisasicirity of the people then voted for a 1 •
aftlior and. other State ollicers , fur a meat- i
t ru f Congress, and me . mbere of the State i
I. i telef
the
This election was warmly con- I ;
bi the two political parties in kansas, :
sada greater robe was polled than at any ;
previous eloction. A. large majority of the ' 1
remabees of the le gi slature elect belonged to !I
t4rtasty which had previously refused t o
r Tips entridayery party were thus placed
in aseendant, and the political power of
ikate
he was in their own hands. Had Con-,
linos admitted Kansas into the Union under i
the
_Lecotsiptnn constitution, the legislature i
Sigi, rat its very first session, hare submitted
of q ni.o a vote of the people, whether ;
they' or would not have a cavavention to
constitution 'Wier on the slavery
qr au , question, and hare adopted all ' •
141
iii4 e y o rr e
ma fer iori gi t , , y i . ug T s h pee us d t y he eff K e w et izas to
. ,
. .
a ir have
-been immediately and
Is l a
Under these circemstances, I submitted to
the oomoitution thus framed, with
allalready elected necessary to put '
Ctme icers
the government into operation, scow/a- .
.. k a strong recommendation is favor of
of Kansas as a State_ In the
Course at my Leek public life I never perform
ed
Alma act which, iu the retrospect,
Lae me more heart-felt satisfaction.
Its admission could have indicted no passable?
Holm any human being, whilst it would, i
=
a brief period, have restored peace to i
owl harmony to the Uuiuo. In that
t 4i i ii veamt ly s/arery question would ere this have
settled, according to the legally
ax" : will of a majority of the voters, sad
soreseignty would thus hare been
bed is a coma& tetionai manner.
lai
I
WI& mjdeep convictions of duty, I could ,
have tooolood ao other course. It is crue l that ,I
as aelsdividual. I bad expressed an opinion,'
both bake and daring the session of the con- ,
nation, is 'favor of submitting the remaining I
classes of the constitation, as well as that con-1
....uideig-sbavery, to the people. But, acting
In as sty d& character, neither myself nor i
any heatimvanthority had the power to prejudge
the proceedings of the convention, and de
dare threes Atitution which it had framed to
bet... , •
. i: To have dorm this would have j
Msi
~...ii ~. '
of the Habeas and Nebraska ,
- ' .-r , . PSoplegfhhe Territory "per-
~, ..' • ' • an d rell i 4l4 49 6 . 1 e 4 ir-
l - • •.' - . la *sir own-sra i k i - oil, 4'sdy te ;
44a . • . of the l; 4.
l i gild 41 0 101 7 -
11111.10. st V mm e r r ir - I, rA4 gPfkek
P i e a - • eV Ike facitin4ati 1
of 'Oar ree@hmesea t aro - Om Boo* of the]
PowsYtibef 40 041 1 1 l MEW 40, risercise it. of
tlteldditct?_dellitstes elected by theraielvsa
Immediately open the formation of a new ter
rieury, ptople from different States aud from fin.
e ign countries rush lam it, for the landleble per.
pose of improving their condition. Their fast
duty to themselves is to opera and cultivate
farms, to construct made, to establish schools,
to erect places of religious worship, and to de
vote their energies generally to reclain the
wilderness and to lay the foundations of a
flourishing and prosperous coin usouwealtla.—
lf, in this incipient cauditioo, with a population
of a few thousand, they should prematurely en
ter thellnion, Wel are oppressed by the bur
den of State taxation. and the mesas neeettsary
for the improvement of the Territory and the ,
advancement of their own interests, are thus
diverted to very different purposes.
The federal government has ever Leen a lib
era/ parent to the Territories, and a generous
contributor to the useful enterprises of the ear
ly
settlers. It has paid the expenses of their
government.. and legislative a,ssembdei out of!
the common treasury, and thus relieved them
of a heavy charge. Under these cireunistan- I
yea, nothing can be better calculated to retard 1
their material progress, than to divert them
from their useful en.ploymente, by prematurely
exciting angry political coetesta among them-1
selves, fur the benefit of aspiring leaders. It
is surely no hardship for eualryo governors,
senators, and members of Congress, to wait
untß the dumber of inhabitants shall equal
44
„ of a sing% cengressicmal district. Th ey
lt,igl}t r, tq be pes!`usitted to rush into
4 mon, with a population less thesteeeliall
of eeveral of the large counties in the interior
of eon* of the Staten. This was the oesurnimi of
KILIIIOO when it made applieatiac to Intrehnit-
!Xi
~ition is hot
occasional abuse the Jf air natio..
is an evil far Imo le kiciccepreeded, them
would be the naishlishniale of as regnh
tiona which initial be inceispatible with the
freedom of the seas. This government has
yet received n 4 communication specifying
the manner in which 'the British govern
ment monist propose to carry out their sug
gestions • and _r am inclined to believe,
that no plan which can be devised, will be
free from grave embarrassments. Still, I
shall form no decided opinion on the sub
ject, until I shall have carefully and in
the best spirit examined any proposals
which they may think proper to make.—
I am truly sorry I .cannot also inflow, you
that the complications between Great Bri
tain and the United States, arising out of
the Clayton and Bulwer treaty of April,
1850, have been finally adjusted.
At the otatmencensent of your bat ses
sion I had reason to hope that, emancipating
themselves from further unavailing discus
sion, the two governments would proceed
*settle the Central Americo) questions in
a practical manner, alike honorable and
itaturfaMety , to both; and this hope I. have
not yet a ba ndoned. la my bat annual
niewar, , I stated that overture) had been
made by the British government for this
' purpose, in a friendly spirit, which I cor
dialy reciprocated. Their proposal was to
withdraw these questionairom direct nego
tiation between the two governments ; but
to sesineplish the same object, by a nego
tiation between the British government
and each of the Central American republics
whose territorial interests aro immediately
involved. The settlement was to be made
in accordance with the general tenor of the
interpretation„placed upon the Clayton
and Balmstrnty by . the - naked States,
with certain modigettions. As negotiations
are pending upon this bade, it Would not
be proper for me now to communicate their
present condition. A Anal settlement of
these questions is, greatly tb be desired, as
this would wipe out.the last remaining sub
ijoet of dispute betiween the , two countries.
Our relations with the great empirot of
France and Rum 4, as well as with all oth
ergorenuttents on the continent of Europe,
except that of Spain, continue to be of the
mat friendly shasst;ter.
With Sguhr ark relations remain in an
toesitiabse lemafttiselln my menage
Of %Amber het, I infOrmed you that oar
en" extrsorditiery and minister plenipo.
tenger) , to Madrid had asked for his recall;
and it was my purpose to seed out a new
minister to that country ,wi th Special instruc
tions' on all questions pending between the
two gov&aments, and with Sidetenninat ion
to have them speedily antistatic-ably adjust
ed ;if theorem possible. This purpose
has been hitherto defeated by causes which
I need not enumerate.
The mission to Spain has been intrusted
to a distinguished - 1 citizen Of Kentucky,
who will proceed to Madrid without delay,
and make another and a foal attempt to
obtain justice from! that governinent.
Sparkish oecials,,nnder this direct con
trol of the captain , ,general thrba, have
insulted our national flag, and, in repeated
instances, have froM time tolitue inflicted
injuries on the persona and property ofear
tithes& raw bays giveni birth to ais.
wrong Mita spied the Spanish govern
ment, aolosatte or which hove been ably
disclosed Sr seriett of yeari o , by our sue
oest e;1101ptio .arsorareutatives. Nut t
wiPike. we have
so t
arrival a
a pastiest *Ma ia lay mimeo instance, va
lve we low issepl the moon( the Black
Warrior eider the lie administration ;and
that presented an outrage of such a char
acter as would have Justified an immedi
ate resort to war. 4u our attempts to ob.
taiq redress have been based and defeat
ed. The frequent and ofl-recarring chan
ges in the Spanish ministry, have been ern
ployed as reasons for delay / •We have
been eompelled to wait, *gun and again,
until the new a:dui:per shall have had time
to incartigate the justice of our demands.
Nivel whit here beso denominated 'the
Cuban claims," In which more than a hundred
of out tidiest, are directly Interested, have
famished ats exception. These claims were
for the refined's( of dodos unjustly exacted
from Mastics; vessels et dilisiteat castors
ouses in Cuba, so latiqg ape Si fa. year 1144.
The principles upon which they rest are so
manifestly meltable and just, that, attar a ye
cif ssaqly ten' years, in les4, they were
rite bythe Spanish government. Pro
ms !ere afterwards institeted to meet
lath tle s ir amount, and this was finally fixed
according to their own statement (with which
we were satisfied) at the sum of out hundred
and twenty-eight thousand six hundred sad
thirty -6 dollars and fifty-four cents.ifiust at
the moment, after a delay of foarteelr years,
when we had reason to expect that this sum
would be repaid - with Interest, we base receiv
ed a proposal offceing to refund one-third of
that amount, (fusty-two thousand eight hut.
dred and ty-eight dollars and torty-one
vented bat without tetereat, if w• would ac
cept this in full satiataelion. The oiler is,
so, accompanied by a decisiratiort that this
demnification is not founded as any reason of
strict justice; but is made as n Special laver.
One alleged cense for procrastination in the
examination and adjustment ot our claims,
arises from an obstacle which it is the duty of
the Spanish government to remove. Whilst
the captain-general of Cuba is invested with
general despotic authority in the government
of that island, the power is withheld froze him
to examine and redress wows committed by
officials under his control, on citizens ot the
United States. Instead of making our com
plaints directly to him at Havana, we are oblig
ed to present them through our minister at
Madrid. These are dims referred back to the
captain-general for leformation; and much
time is thns consumed to preliminary investi
gations and correspondence between Madrid
and Cuba, before the Spanish gore:lndent will
comical to proceed to negotiation. Many of
the difficulties between the two gweerumenta
would be obviated, and a long train ot nage
datioa avoided, if die captain-general were in
vested with authority to settle questions of
nig solaties on the spot, where all the facts
, fresh, and could be promptly and sad/fee
' gorily ascertained. We have hitherto in vain
urged upon the Spaaish government, to main
this power upon the captain-general, mad ear
minister to Spain will (gain be lestructed to
urge this subject on their notice. In this vs
speet, we occupy a dilatant pinitioa free the
powers of Europe. Chas it alms within
alibi of our shears; our comanceree with It is
far greater than that of any of nation, la
cleans Spain Itself, sad oor citizens are in
habits of daily std extended personal inter
course with every part of the Island. It Is,
I therefore, a great grimes/to shat, when any
diftioulty occurs, no matter how unimportant,
whisk might be readily battled at the moment,
we should be obliged to resort to Madrid, es
pecially when the very first step to be taken
there is to refer it back to Cuba.
The troth is that Cola, kr Its nistiiszoolloo
14.0aditios, iso,rephootoo mom or sod
Ito t h e Amoriotio MO* the
. the oiOlibei01010111‘160•111 8
iteave-srads is uui eitspolisasa
li4i continues In n
Vim peter. i
the purpose of seisingeeta;
. trade. In such a condition'
..possible that the light of dr
elision can ever penetrate these
Mart i BO- -"all% J nnakaist delltlisieed the
It 1 , made known to the world by sal ; I11 = 1131,11111 " 11 °f 11 1.4 1 Tamil
J, thin the United States have, on ar a Most mimes po2 i 1* Owe of
several oweadous, endeallored to acquire Cuba lee rs
illur .___ l “ 4l ,_ 4.,in'illia be our motives. tit
from Spain by honorable negotiation. If this news wer , we meta year. illed 111‘ would be
were accomplished, the last relic of the Meilen Irma, impaired by hiving ollotillicled a large
slave-trade would in•aantly disappear. We debt in time of peace. his IMPleetepolicy,
would not, if we could, acquire Cuba in any toineresse Our remit* so Is II elm! Oer iti
other manner. This is due to our national penditores. It would he NaoOl i. g o w n "
character. All the territory which we have ae- 'to borrow. Besides. it may be topper Mob,
qnired since the origin of the government, has serve, that the incidental protentiee t thus at
been by fair purchase from Franco, Spain, and forded by a revenue tariff, would ell *spew
Mexico, or by the tree sad t ° w a t er y ac t of the ent moment, to some extent. mereatititha eon-
Ildence of the manufacturing intereata. and
independent State of ' re:C.o, in blending her
destinies with our own. This course we shall give a fresh impulse to our reeiving UAW&
ever pursue, unless circuniA tnces should c.c.- To this, surely, no person will object,
cur, which we do not now anti. 'pate, render
ing a departure from it clear]) ju,titiable, lin- In regard to the mode of easement; end Opt.
hag duties ander a strictly revenue tariff.
der the imperative and overruling
law of ltdi- ; I hare loug entertained and ofteorexpressed
prnerration.
, the opinion, tsoun d po rtepaires this
The Island of Cubs, from its geographical
position, command, the mouth of the Mina- shoul d be do nn a
by aPaciii° licy
dull ". in capes
to which these can be properly applied. They
steed, sued the immense and annually-increas
ing trade, foreign and coastwise, from the val. a r e well ad apted to aoastooditielf "'bleb are
ley of that noble river, now embracing half usually sol d °.9 weight or by ostesure. SW
the sovereign States of the Union. With that which, from their nature, are the articles of
Lamed alder the dominion ofa distant foreign iron of different classes, raw sugar, and fur
power, this trade, of vital importance to these sign wines and spirits.
States, is exposed to the danger of being de- In my deliberate judgment, speeille duties
strayed in time of war, and it has hitherto been' are the best, if not the only twee* of se
subjected to perpetual Injury and annoyance ins curing the revenge against fel:wand freildulent
time of peace. Our relations with Spain,' itvoicee. and such has been the practice adopt
which ought to be of the most friendly cheese- ed for this purpose by other commereiel tas
ter, must always be placed in jeopardy, whilst lions. Besides, specific duties wirgid stood to
the existing colonial government over the the American manufeesimer the intidetatal ad-
Island shall female in its pertain condition. I vantages to which he is fairly entitled tinder a
Whilst the Pollevesioli of the Island would be' revenue tariff. The present system k a spri
nt vast importance to the United States, its' i n , w o e in his di on j eeinege . ti n d er it, w h en
value to Spain is, comparatively, unimportant. I an ars high and business prosperous, the
Such wee the relative situation of the parties, detim rise m amount w h en h e l east „ golfs ,
whoa the greet Napoleon transferred Louisiana '
, their aid. On the contrary, when piton fall,
to the United States. Jealous, as be ever was ,;
and he is itrugg'ing against advencity, the du
of the national honor and interests of France, ' tree ass diminished in the same proportion.
no person throughout the world, has imputed
blame to him, for accepting& pecuniary equiv.. g rea t l y to his injury. •
Meat for this cession. I Neither would there he danger that a higher
The publicity which has been 'given to our rate of duty than that inteuJed by Guagres
ns
g e Pec av i e tr ( rage dutilts. vat
former negotiations upon this subjeet, and the could
ww beea
o he levied y to ascertain
th
inthe formef
large appropriation which may be required to ,
effect the purpose, render It expedient, before , mot any imported article for a series of yearn:
making another attempt to renew the negotia-and. instead of sabjecting it to an ad mitering.
I
tiou, that I should lay the whole subject before duty at a certain rate per centutn. to 'Dhoti-
Congress. This is especially necessary, as it' tate in iteplace an equivalent specific daty.
may become indispensable to success, that II By such an arrangement the consumer
should be intrusted with the means of making , would not be injured. It is true, he Might
an advance to the Spanish government immil- / have to pay a little more duty on a given arti
niately after the signing of the treaty, wlthwit cis in one year ; but if so. be would pay a tit-
awaiting the ratification of it by the Senate.— tie lees in another, and in a series jo years/
lam encouraged to make this amegeetloo, by.. t h ese wou ld counter h e h etw each ot he r end
the example of Mr. Jefferson, previous to the . smortnt to the same thing. sofas as his intir
purchase of Louisiana from Franca, and by; est i s concerned. This inconvenience would
that of Mr. Polk la viw of the acquisition
sub- be o wes. when contrasted with the addition-
Jett to Congress , and comm territory from Mexico. e I refer the whole
pt to their care- i eteurity thus afforded against funds upon
im .n_ • . w e b .•
tul coseideration. me RUM. in w
-- every consumer is UP
ISISTSITISIL
I repeat the recommendation made In we , riet4l4,_ thrown out message of December last, in favor of as ap. . ii. " ' tame' suggestions se the '
proprietion "to be paid ta the Spasisb govern.. Tan of my own °baerMi°°. to which C'SIP
meat for the purpose of distribution amen rs. In their be t ter - J*4M". will give each
the claimants in the Andstad ease." Pretidest se is they may imdly deserve.
Polk first made a similar recommendation in report of the Secretary of the Treasury
December, 1847, and It was repeated by my, 1 1 01 explain in detail the operations of that
immediate predecessor In December t 1853. 1 '.lllllllsrtment of the government. The receipts
entertain no doubt that indeuroity is fairly due into the treasury from all sources during the
to these claimants under our treaty v.•ith Stain fiscal yearending 30th June. 18'1S, includiug
of the •ilth October. 111'5 ; and whilst dem Ind- the treasury tulles authorized by the set of
inn justice we ought to do justice. An appro- i December 21, 1.857, were seventy mitlinu
priation promptly wade foq this purpose, could two hundred and seventy-three thousand eight
not fail to exert a favorable influence on our' hundred and sixty-nine dollars and tifly-nme
negotiations with Spain. cents, ($70.273 869 5'J.) which antuu.u. with
(For want of space, wo aro compelled ' the balance of seventeen million seven bun
to omit to-day that, poi Lion of the Ides- dud and ten thousand one hnnilred an I Nur
ana
teen dollars aim twenty-seven cents (417.710.-
l) which relates to Central and ,South' -.114 27) remaining in the treamtry et the
American affairs. It will be given in
i commencement of' the year. n.ade an egg agate
our next issue.—Editor.] 1 kw the service of die year of engtrtyaseven mil-
When Congress met in Deeernber last, the lion nine hninhed and eighty-three thousand
business of the country had just been crushed, ; n i ne hundred
and eighty-three dollars and
by one of' there periodical revulsion., which eighty-six ants. (887.083,983 86.)
are the inevitable consequence Drone unsound /
public expenditures during the Neal
'rhe
and extravagant system of bank credits and
year ending June 30. 1858, amounted to sigh
lodated currency. With all the elements of
-, t million fire hundred d ' h fl
an etg ty- ve
national wealth In abundance , our saisaullati- ; h ose .
tans were suspended, Mr useful Piddle and i _....5t nasa l 51$ _ hti •- ndred ..... l" ,.:i!rre , tl , V V d 1 4. 0 , 1 .41 " s .
private enterprises were sweated, and darns.: al.. 77"17t ...c1.17. t". ' ~ci u." 7 ° Y.) of
ands of laborers were deprived et employnietst l i r atcO n u te mutto n six hu ndred an ti
, deter'
and reduced to want. Universal distress per.. fart thousand Are hundred and Ibtrittieveri
veiled awoag the commercial, inesatnettielqs, j dollars and ninety-nine cents (119.684.057 99)
aad mecheasical classes. This revulsion wasl were applied to the PAYISISSie of SW POINT
felt the more severely in the United Omar*, he.. debt, and the rWittoiPtioa of limnsry notes
cause similar canna bad praises' the like I with the interest thenetp leaving in the tree
deplorable eifircta throughout the oonunermfal ;nary on July 1. 1858. sing the continence
nations of Europe. All were eitherienel it
meat of the wane fittest year, six million
reverses at the same moment. Our merle ; these hundred and ninety-eight diatutand
turers everywhere suffered 'severely, not pr. j thre e hund re d an d s ixt een d o ll ars sad tee
cause of the recent redaction in the tariff of • wax. (86.198,316 10.)
duties on imports, Lott because there was SO I Th e rece ipt s into the treasury, d ur i ng t h e
demand at any price for their productions.- 1 fi rst quarter of the present Lis el year. eons-
The people were obliged to restrict themselves, menein4 the Ist July. 1858. including °ne
in their purchases, to articles of prime item- I half of the loan of twenty millions of chiller*.
sity. In the general prostration of business, with the premium upon it, au horised by dm
the iron marniliaturers in different States re a 1.- 1
1 ..... set of 14th June, IJ'3B, were twenty-live Ind
anti suffered more than an y naber‘e' an d ' lion two haudred and thirty thousand eitit
much destitution was the inevitable rouse-;
workmen' hundred and neventy-nine dollars and forty-14Z
queece, among the great number of ; Nu ts. .....
($25 0 10.a79 46,) and the estimated
who had been employed in this useful branch Itan
of our industry.
nn i, , veceiptafor the remaining dime quarters to the .'
where there was n T o il d e e re m.s c o o d u . ld T l4 o p n at o se s u n t rr- a . 'n ' 30th Jun e' 1859. ft °°' °'.'llnarY sources, I"
example,
gt
example, there could be no dynamiter railroad 1 thirty-eight million Jive hundred thousand
Iron, after our magnificent system of railroads, I dolints. (53A.500,0••0.) 'mart g , with the hale
extending Its benefit' to every portion of the i secs before stated. an tat pm of seventy
Union, had been brought to a dead pause.— million one hundred and twenty-nine Mona-
The same consequences have resulted from ' sad one hundred and ninety-hive dollars anal
similar causes to many other branches of use-' apsis cents. (r 0.129.195 561 .
tel nmanhatures. It is self-evident that 1 Tim expenditures. daring the first quarter
where there is so ability to purchase manatee-1 of the pima' fiscal year, were meaty-awe
beired sulkies; these cannot be sold. and eon- , million *even hundred and eight thowesed
"Eilitly mess cease to be produced. ' one hundred and niniety-eight dollars sod
ges-erunneat, and especially a eovernment ne e .e n e cents. ($21.70: 4 ,19,4 51 :j of whit*
of each limited powers as that of the United I one million and ten thousand one hondmdasd
„,__maaviCemata have tiraralamtd ` ll° I nt. revulsion- ' forty - two dollars and thirty-seven emits (111.-
IMPS whole sum eerciai world seemed for years' 010.142 37) were applied t o the payment or
to trues bee. nulling to thin catastrophe. The 1 the public debt and the todemptiOn of ase
same rulnons consequences would have follow-1 ..,„,..,„ma.„,, the in ......., . 1 ......... 0 . 5 ........
ail in the United States, whether the duties I ;;;4 1 ;
ex '""• pena r tures '"" ( T ring t r io
r e - in — e z e
epees keeling imports had remained as they '
three quartets to
30 du ring
June. 1 , 59, are fifty
were ands the tariff of 1846, or had been raised • 1 .
two milinin three benched and lifiyineleemi
m a mach higher staadard. The tariff of 1857 ,
thousand six hundred and ninety-eight dols
bad an agency le the result. The general , ~._r a and forty - right cen ts, (1162.357.894 4n;)
essess existing throughout the world, could • Ha
not have been controlled by the legislatlo nof making an aggregate of seventy-1w willies
SAT particular country. sixty-five thoshand eight hundred and whitey
the periodical revulsiona which have exist- Sir dollars and eille - oloe eente.014 1 .003.098.
ed in oar past history, must continue to re- 99 .) being no excess of expenditure. bararal
into the treaantjf hem
tars at intervals, so long as our present uns / the estimated swiss'
bostaisd system of bank credit* shall email- , ord inary imirena. during the "nal... year the -
They
. will, however, hrobably be the less so- , 30 th June. 1859, of threem'id'is ,
vent in future ; b e c ause it is not to be es- '
died and thirty-six thousand nosed h
petted, at least for many years to come,l and one dollars and bistretess eats,
that the commercial nations of Europe,' 9313,701 43.1 Bateuerillimultensame ,
(with whose interests our own are so ma. I by law within the einnamed . of the
Aerie" involved. will expose themselves of the Treasury, by the netemise . at.
Ito moiler calamities. But this subject , notes redeemed, sad by i n se " 111 &
I vas treated so moth at large in my t h e loan authorized br dm ad 'AIM*
scree of
..
Laflammel message that I shall not now pus- ' stane. Bs i;lllll . l t if e mi lten ised t 0 during
m ng
the
piss._
I see it further. Still, I respectfully renew l of d ol la rs, ,
, the recommendetion, in favor ea of the p a ssage of( t fie& per, will leave a betance i.,
tthe -
' a uniform bankrupt law, aril/cable to bank- i tneelleul. on the Asst day et July. Mint
1 • •
k t edinatnutkam . This is 0 the &vac: ri ll seven million sistythise.
dot
ni thosemisd and 410_ ,...... 11111i- .
, d ee d and nemety.aint
[over the subject which, I believe, theflay -Neil
-,
I gewarensent possesses. Sects a law would i cents. ) 11 7 . 0 ca. 2 ' 1 67 -1
ringers. thaws.% it might not vent the evil. The estimated neeipbtaligiiilhel, the west Simi.
Tin instinct at soli- pro- eel year ending WA Ulll3, am
doos a wholesome reetreint gen pro
two millions ot doldin. ff o ... , i
lag business. f f 'they knew IN oi=e. that a with the above ofeeren •
I .
attapestsiao at upon lenarits• /ion sietv- three ewe hash* •
*
i•ly pr &Wray= niastraight dollen end alibparraw
ghst Moises gun mown in new 1117.511111.116 57.1 ache est Illtagehl I* .."..-
Amy , dm sandy fersr. ill• isitli *vim of the asst lieni • o lon =1 0.14 ; ,
and scruples of oar win war sir taisilion sixty- th ree .
bounded newels. will, within the psrielillf greight Min -..: -
s another year, mare a seats of wholes ome av "WS 474 'rho
1 destrT and trade. Capital has again
p
illuresitt Illesat feat endine el %
fated in our large cities. The rate of Wine entmeirdstsit tiiiike me gt .
1 i• those very low. Confidence is agiagm l irohothim
Intoning. and so soon as it is discovered en dollen mid ihillired*
this aopital an be profitably employed he "I .147 46.1 Shish lawn. la
eqpuumvial and manufaetniutg settrierikethl estimated emu* ennerwe d w i th the seehm . ,
stadia the construction of railroads and Wm; tad anipeadimems ibr tint year, .. •-,
works of publie sod printe losprovement.l en the Ise *tiny, Md. at hew
. soilliter , ,, _ A
pannewity will again smile tbrooghont theal end wawesty4 re daseand sieisliondred
~,7
~.,„
soul
band: It is in vale, bantam to dimple, Ow; r- ht dollars and'sip letwaiso neilli. . a hen frau nnueleen, Out sepaealatin her fol tpis,l44 894
'WA'
den doer annuar • with a earresposelhei to 1 In *Min to this owit. the Positenolost
I in* in oder ossaniss wimp mundane* 1 ilesseal will nmpiselland Shy f ~,,,
nene
intro nempititionwin oft ow n..abeine to• 1 t o senne at * IliniVilli ....„....4.
, ,
iioi r • illoommul vouths to in sir
atiidixiiistro min*
Xo Aimaiie
-
poresidapmm.
rot linior vial) dor
.•
*Mad 1141116114 mei
1534.341111:6
I,
:a.
111121
lila