A
Br 11. J. STABLE
ge YEAR.
4'.OYRIES OF THIS PAPER.
IlarThe Bar thlien's Co DI piler brpublishod
arer Mondky morning. by ILAN RT J. STA H LI,
at 3,171 per annum if paid in advance-42,00
per annum if not paid in advance. No sulk
sari ptiosi diasoutinupd. unless at the option of
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flerAilvertisemcuts inserted at the usual
rates:
t tob Printing dune, neatly, cheaply,
and isi dispatch.
biesOlftee in South Baltimore street, direct
ly opposite WlMlpler's Tinning Estal.lish
nientoone sad a half squares from the Court
huusettl*Quitrtiss" on the sign
•
_
Oneaoliar& Seventy-five Cents,
PALO IX .1I) VA .17'E,
Will Secure the L'.•;;uLtr Y kit of
"De eoliVilei*,"
to the Ironic of any Family in the County
•ITS PERI:SA r, WILL
Afford Instruction and Amusement
FOR FATHER:4,
BROT II ERS ANI) SISTERS,
- tn.o AND Yorso,
"MALE AND FEMALE
21 - co family :chord', be without the (!wilpiler.
eim,,51,75 could he Klima iii no nit
profitable mantivr- than by sul 'seri hi ng
for the "Commt.Eß," Which Will furnish
you,with nil the news of the day, the
nuirketa, the marriage:4 and the deaths
oceartiug in the community, with choice
14electiana Of literature, poetry, wit and
humor, and all that will go to make up
a tirst.rate Family New,paper. Ad
dresa the Editor and Proprietor, HENRY
J. STAJILIS. May 1:4.
sH ERI ii , FA LTY.
T o tha Voters of .11ions rounty :—Enentir
alied by noimrolis friends. I offer myself
sx a cVdidate fur the otlice of SIIERI FF at the
Welt elution. (sultject to the deci-ion of the
Dettibeistie County Convention.) Sitonld Ibe
nominate!: and etectrol, I ple.fge myself to
dischsrgi the ditties of the office with prompt
max and-fidelity
ISAAC LIGUTNER.
Mountjoy tp— April 6, Irs;.
NIMERIIVFA urv.
I , l'o the Voters of Adam.: county t Eneourag
1. ed by ntligeroUS friend,. I ntrer myself RN
a candidate for the ufßre of SHERIFF at the
next election. (subjett. to the kinetic in Rept b
'bean County Cum enunn.) Should Ibe elect-
I pledge myself to discharge the ditties of
the uthce with promptness and fidelity.
ISA AC LEE:PER.,
Cumberland twp., April 13. 1857.
Pi IsEß:FEturr.
1 - 4 1 F LLOW-CITIZENS of Adams county
eitf,:r myself as a Candidate for the office
of SUMMIT at the Ootoher e l e ctio n , ( s nl t i et i
to thu Itemneratio nomination.) If I should
be !MI !tacky as to he nominated and be elect
ed, shall pledge myself to discharge the du
ties o f said °th ee with aohriety and fidelity.
SA Ml 7 EL SPA NG
Moitotplea \ sant tp., April 20. 1857.
REGISTER AND RECORDER..
nrio the Voters of Adams county :—Fellow-
I_ elitism's :—Estessuraged by the solicita
tions of unuterous friend-% I hereby announce
myself as a candidsite fur the office of Register
nits! "tawnier. ?subject to the decision of the
Union Csmuty Convention. Should Ihe hon
ored with 'your confidence and elected, I
pledge my best efforts to a faithful and im
partial adminirtzation of the duties of the
office. . DAVID McCREAItY.
trettysbarg, July G, 1837.
REGirsirEß ac RECORDER,.
fro the independent Voters of Adams
Fellow Wizens :—'f he undersigned offers
himself to.your eonsideration as s candidate
for the office of Register and Recorder of
Adams twenty. (subject to the decision of the
Deneaoratio Convention.) and respectfully so
licits your support and suffrages. Should Ihe
nominated and, elected. my endeavours shall
be to discharge vie dunes of the office with ft
ielity sod Impartiality.
JOIIN L. GUTIERNATO:L
Cooowago tp.. April 27, 1057.
It EI6,IBI I ER & RECORDER.
TO She , Voters of Adams county:—At the
,aolicitation of numerous friends, I offer
myself as a candidate for the office of Regis
ter & Recorder, at the next election, (subject
to the deciAiun of the Democratic County
Convention.) Should I be nominated ant
elected. I pledge myself to discharge the du
ties of the office to the best Of to ability.
\VIL OqatagEß.
Bendersville, June S,
, REGINMER A: RECORDER.
011,i) the Voters of Adams County.—Fellow
Aitizena Being encouraged by numer
.ousifejenda. I offer !myself to your consideration
Jas & candidate for the office of Register and
Recorder at the next elecuon, (subject to the
; action AO the Democratic County Convention.)
AtkillimAld [ receive the n - iminstion and be
. .j e ctS,o44mll duly appreciate your confidence,
iiii d:proakthe to discharge the duties of the
.onice.proopptly and with fidelity.
your obedi.•nt servant.
'L ICHARIAII MYERS. -
Tyrone tp., Apnl 27, 1057.
:PIROTIIONOTA HY.
_ l 'Z are authorized to announce that Dr.
~OC. E. COLDSIWItt..II"C: 11, of llunters
town, will be a cap:Hai:3e for the office of
Pr.A,lleiotary-_-4itbject to the decision of the
Democratic County Cunreution—at the en
'mink election.
Jutte4s, 1857.
CLERK., THE COURTS.
rrO THE VOTERS OF ADAMS COUN-
A, Ty.—Tbe undert•igned, at the fwlicita
- tionf of numerous friends, offers himself to
Jouroonsideration es a candidate fur the nfftee
of Citik of the Courts, at the next election,
(aniViet to decision of the Democratic
.ColsaityZonvention.) Should Ibe nominated.
A rid *key* the people may ralf upon a faith
ful **ow of duty on my part.
GEORGE BIJSEIMAIS%
Tru,sd (IT., June 29, 1857.
01SFINTS. Ribbons, Parasols and Shawls
B
aibe had very cheap at
FAHNESTOCK BROTHERS.
A DEMOCRATIC AND FAMILY JOURNAL.
~~~ ~ ~~~.
TILE M.II:TI.V.
There's music cheerful note,
There's freedom in his - wing,
Anil his simple, merry lays denote
The approach of gentle spring.
A welcome harbinger is he
Of mild and gentle weather,
Of rosy morns and balmy eves,
And fields of bloomine heather. •
A blithe companion is he to,
The son of toil and trade.
Who cannot leave the &sty etrCeta
To seek the forest shade, ••
But yet can hear the Mardn'acherp,
As from his attic height
Ije pours his merry carols forth,
-- -Frotn early dawn till nighe.
Then doom him not to prison wires,
The sky his cage shall be ; ►
The heart a merrier song sends forth
When tuned for liberty.
And let him sing thub—ever sing;
At sunribe or at even,
Ills merry, happy, grateful song
thankfulness to Ileaten.
411irirrilatrtit5.
rEZ•The prbforind theo'o.rical wisdom
of sonic of our Scriptural expository is
very amusing, or would Ire, if the sub
; jeet were not too Si•ri(otis tirr amusinent.
"A short time ranee,'' SO %%Tall
Yu Ilii
nois frit' I "i It the Universalist Sab
bath-school in Oquawka, in the Hoosier
State, the question was asked, what
the Savior meant when he said, Put
not new cloth Into an old garment:—
It passed all around the school, and no
one was prepared to answer, when the
Superititeinleot was called on to e xpl a in
it himself. With a countenance indi
eating deep reflection, and a very orae
nlar voice. he remarked : It is very
evident to my mind that our Lord meant
to teach this Lrreat truth, viz., a hole trill
last longer than a patehr"
-4- The late Dr. Knox, of Larhert,
while entertaining one day a few Of his
elerieal friends to dinner, happened
rather uneeremolibm.ly to help himself
to some vegetables upon the table by
using. his lingers, and was told by one
of his brethren that he remindedhim of
Nehnelunlnezzar; when the Doctor im
ntedi:.tely replied, "Oh yes; that was
when he was eating with the beasts."
15Eir.hulge Norton,oftlruntly comity,
is remarkable tier Li. dignity,
urbanity, and love of humor, the latter
of which three qualities he dispenses
fecely in perfect consistency with the
first.
"In the midst of Court the other
day," writes a Western friend, "the
howling
were interrupted by the
howling ofa do! , that hail been trodden
on by some one of the crowd in attend
ance. The J udge drew up with
great dignity, aud, in a full, distinct
voice, said :
"‘ Mr. Sheriff, we will excuse the
further attendance of that dog upon
this Court!'"
A Good Custom.—lt is a custom pre
valent in some parts of Germany to
plant choice apple and other fruit trees
by the road silo-, for the more sake of
aliging the hungry or finit loving pub
lie, all the members of which are wel
come to pluck and cat. In some places
every alternate tree is marked as a sign
that its produce is to he left for the
planter, and to the credit of the people
be it said, that (in regions were they
have not been corrupted by intercourse
with the rich and respectable travelers
of other races,) this compact is gener
ally very honestly kept.
" Go "Morry."—The most beautiful
Bowers are those that are double, such
as.double pinks, double roses, double
dahlias. What an argument is this
against the chilling deformity of single
kiedsteads "Go marry," is written on
everything beautiful that the eye rests
wins—beginning with the birds of pars
dise, and leaving off with apple-blos
soms.
tiiirA clergyman observing a poor
' man by the road breaking stones with
a pickaxe, and kneeling to get at his
work better, made the remark, "Ah,
John, I wish I could break the doll
larix of my 'towers as easily as you
are breaking these stone." The man
replied, "perhaps, master, you do not
work on your knees."
is told that when minister
_Miles prayed for rain he left nothing
uncertain. lie said, "Oh Lord, thou
knowest we do not want thee to send us
rain which shall Poor down in NTT and
swell our streams and sweep away our
haycocks, and fences and bridges; but,
Lord, WO want it to come drizzle, droz
zle, drozzle, for about a week—Amen."
Good, if True.—ln the Repertoire de
Pharmacies, M. Leperdriel advises to
conceal the disagreeable taste of cod
liver oil by the addition of about ten
per cent. of common salt. Not only
does the salt render the oil palatable,
but it causes the stomach to digest the
oil more completely.
,1(a-A fellow the other day purchased
some sausages, and held out a link to
his dog, but he refused to eat. "What
is the matter with them sausages?" in
quired the dealer. "0, nothing; only
dog won't eat dog."
GETTYSBURG, PENN'A.: MONDAY, AUG. 10, 1857.
A DuetSettledby Cask—A Frenchman
was to fight a duel with an American ;
the conditions were that bnt one shot
should be exchanged, and that the pre
cedence should go by lot. The French
man got the first chance, but Sailed to
hit his adversary. As the Yankee lift
ed his weapon, the other called out:
"hold, I will buy your shot ?" All
were astonished at this, but his oppo
nent answered, " what will -4:;iu give?"
" i
it ie
hundred pounds!" "Nonsense :"
e the Yankee, taking aim again.—
" aui a good marksman; yon set too
Joy 'a vette upon yourself!" "You esti
snifter's* at too high a prim; but I will
gitres‘thousand pounds :" " Agreed :"
Ord the Yankee and the duel was at
a t i 4to
n Old Ividel.—The lion. J.. IL Gid
di gs has written a chareteristie letter
torthe Tribune, in which he says that
the "UpdAf Abraham" is jot his God;
t h i p re ffepi.ies him and hcild
_pi him in
Cotempt ; that he is an idol- or the dei
ty, of the slave holders, and they are
right in worshipping him. Ile (Gid
dingqdou't worship nor believe in the
God of the Bible, but has one of his own
—that is, an anti-slavery God—a nigger,
we suppose, some odious creature who
winks at' pillage and theft. Seriously,
though, is it uot disgraceful that a wide
lyi cireuhttAxl newspaper should give
t•urreney to this old driveller's blas
phemy 1'
The Russian :lblleaium.-111 five years
front the present date Russia will have
attained the age of one thonsand vears,
an event to be celebrated by the erec
t'p
ti n of a monument. for which a sub-
s tion has just been net on foot. The
n nument is to be built in the city of
Novogorod, the capital of the tint ruler
of the empire, and voluntary contribu
tions in aid of its erection will be re
ceived by government officials through
out the empire until 1562..
REIr The llartford TihUlt Rays : "That
a special law ag-ainst the .4:tie of impure
and fraudulent !ignore., with the appoint
ment of an Inspector in every town,
would do more good than the Maine
TM' ever did or ever can do." That's
it. Protect us from nUX rorn iea and
rotten potato juice, and we can protect
ourselvtai against any effects of pure
hquots.
Another Spur9enc—A brother of the
celebrated Mr. Spurgeon hos cunuaenc•-
ed preaching in Burton, England. Ile
is said to be only 17 years old, and his
eloquence, while different in style, is
reported to be fully equal to that of his
brother.
ikit-In Lowell, a few days since, a
hard working, much neglected wife met
her husband on the street with a n►rte
inn, and gave the latter a thrashing on
the spot, for which she was fined three
dollars. If she will thrash her brute of
a husband, we will repay the fine and
all costs.
DerTo pickle green tomatoes, chop
the fruit fine, with two gr:en peppers,
add one teacup of fine salt to one gallon
of the tomato, let it stand twenty-four
hours, then drain it through a culender,
then add two tablespdons of black pep
per, three of fine mustard, two of cloves
and one of c►nnami►u. Put it ►n a small
jar and cover with cold vinegar.
An rufortunate Typo.—A young man
named Knox, a printer, hay met with it
sad boreavement; very. An uncle,
whom he had never seen, died the oth
er day, and left him $75,000. Mr.
Knox has the sympathies of the entire
craft.
sai—A gentleman who recently put
np at a log tavern in Wisconsin, was
awarlened by a young man, who com
meuced a serenade thus:
"Oh, Sally Rice,
I've called you twice.
And yet you lie and snore I
I pray you wake,
And see your Jake,
And opo to hint the door, or winder, I
Don't care much which, fur—
It makes but little difference
To either you or I—
. Big pig, little
Rout, hog, or diet"
ifirMaßter Gibbs is a phenomenon.
—Ho is only two years old, and yet
I.draws pictures of all possible kinds.
!He does it with a stmara of molasses on
his mother' s table cloth.
" country editor "who turned
out to a fire while visiting Chicago, had
his pocket picked, losing $4O in money,
and his free pass Row he got home
is not stattml.
/611 - A Nantucket paper denounces
hooped skirts, which considering the
relations of that community to whale
bone, the Boston Herald says, is the
height of ingratitude.
say -An exchange in speaking Cif a
celebrated singer, says : " Her voice is
delicious—pure as the moonlight, and
as tender as a three shilling shirt."
' arca Wood has made an arrange
ment with the Siamese Twins for tire
years, for exhibition in the principal
southern cities.
liiiirA lady in White county, Illinois,
has had sixteen children at seven births
—twins three times, triplets three times
and one the last time.
St. Paul's, Minnesota, board
is $l4 pet week; washing $1 2541 75
per dozen.
iiirThe United States mint at pre
sent employs about one hundred and
twenty-five persons, of whom thirty
five are females.
"TRUTH DI MIOIITY, AND WILL PREVAIL."
r , 4 c) 4
rW=
OF THE
DEMOCRATIC STATFI COMMITTEE
To the Citizens of Pennsylranin :—lt
has been usual for the State Committee
representing the Democratic party of
Pennsylvania, to address the people of
the State pending important elections.
In conformity with this usage, which
may be regarded as settled and sal
utary, we submit the following address :
The Democratic State Convention,
upon the second day of March tact, and
at its re-assembling in June, made nom
inations for the offices of Governor, ('a
nal Commissioner and Judges of the Su
preme Court.
For Governor, Gen. Packer, of lA%
coming, was named, after a spirited
contest, and his nomination a•as then
unanimously and rightfully confirmed.
He has been long well known through
out the State ; has filled a number of
responsible and important p sit ions in
the State government, and has estab
lished a public character which strong
ly recommends him to public eouti
tience. We conceive it to be a material
qualification for this high office, that
the incundient shall be well acquainted
with the practical workings of the gov
ernment—with the course aril charac
ter• of le! , islation—the details of busi
ness in the several executive depart
ments—and with the public men of the
Comtnnncc•ealth, who have tilled, or
may fill, the various positions created
by the Constitution and laws. The
contrast, in this respect, between our
candidate and the c•:tnalid:tte♦ of the op
position, is ton strongly marked to es
cape general notice. tune it is hut neces
sary to allu d e to it to show the vantage
ground held by our party in the pres
ent canvass. It may Ix• asserted that
the Convention have named the right
man for the right place," and that their
ninnination deserves popular endor,e
ment if regard is had to qualifications
and experience.
It is agreeable to add, that our candi
date has it solid and reputable diameter
in private life,.and that his estimable I
qualities have endeared him to a large
circle of friends who can enter upon his
support with feelings of enthusiasm 84
well as with convictions of duty. We
do not desire to draw strongly the con
trast which it is possible to draw, be
tea•een our candidate and his leading op•
poneet. Judge Wilmot has had a
career as a public man cc•hieh has given
him a notoriety. without inspiring con
fidence. Imperfectly acquainted with
the practical action of the State govern
ment ; witlang experience either is the
legislative or executive departments;
with but u limited knowledge of public
men and State affairs beyond his imme
diate locality,—he is presented upon a
comparatively remote national issue,
and as a candidate of a bitter sectional
party which received a merited defeat
at the recent Presidential election. It
is not believed that his career in Con
gress exhibited any high capacity to
promote the interests of the people of
•Pennsylvania. and it is Certain that his
recent coarse in the office be now holds,
has been calculated to lower the judicial
character by connecting it,with extreme
and violent partisan disputes.
Nimrod Strickland, ot' Chester coun
ty, was named by the Convention for
Canal Commissioner. lie needs no re
commendation at our hands, for his in
tegrity, firmness and capacity are not
disputed and are widely recognized.—
It will be a pleasure for those who be
long to our party and for all who desire
to consult fitness and merit in bestow
ing their suffrages, to give him their cor
dial support.
By reason of the declination of Chief
Justice Lewis, the re-nomination ten
dered him by the Convention, and the
calling of Judge Black to the post of
Attorney . General in the National Ad
ministration, the Convention upon its
re-assembling in June, found the duty
devolved upon it of nominating twe
candidates for the Supreme Bench.
Wm: - Strong, of Berke county, a distin
guished member of the bar, and former
ly a Member of' Congress, and James
Thompson, oflirie, also a former Mem
ber of Congress, once a President Judge
of the Common Pleas, an ex-member of
the Legislature, and a profound and
successfhl lawyer, were selected by the
Convention. "Their locutions aresuita
ble, giving both to the East and West a
representation upon the ticket, and
their learning and integrity well quali
fy them to discharge the arduous and re
sponsible duties of the highest judicial
position under the Constitution.
Such is the ticket formed by the dell
egates representing the Democratic par
ty, and support of it. is confidently ask
ed in view of the character of the nomi
nations. But confidence and support is
also invited upon the general ground of
principle upon which our party stands.
—Ours is no new, untried, vindicative,
sectional, or suspicious organization.
It has been tried; it is bold and open in
conduct ; it is magnanimous, patriotic
and national. Founded more than half
a century ago by the author of the Dee
laration of Independence, it has had a
distinguisned history, has ordinarily
given direction to the administration of
public affairs, and planting itself early,
and throughout its whole career, upon
3 strict construction of the Constitution,
and a sparing use of the powers of Gov
ernment, has preserved our American
system from degeneracy and failure.
The usefulness of organized parties
is sometimes denied and oftener doubt
ed. But in view of historical facts it
cannot well be questioned that they are
incident to free governments, and aria°
of necessity ander their operation. An
inquiry; however, into the nature of
political parties and the canoes which
produce them, can scarcely be expected
to constitute the subject of a fugitive
address. It will he sufficient for pres
ent purposes to assert the necessity of
oar party to check the evil and danger
ous influences to which our political
system is liable, and against which it is
impossihla that written constitutions
can sufficiently guard. Doubtless our
constitutions exhibit the wisdom of
those who framed them, and the
amendments to which they have been .
subjected have rendered them more
complete and perfect: than they were at
first. But a constitution can only be
an outline for the action <lf govern
' lent, (beside providing for its estab
lishment,) and by construction it may be
made to mean almost anything the po
litical authorities tbr the time being may
choose. It is a chart given to diroct
the vessel of State, which can have lit
tle effect upon the voyage unless those
in command choose to faithfully inter
pret and observe its mull- , 1. A party
organization, therefore, founded upon
right principles of constitutional eon
struction and powerfully and constant
ly influencing official action, may he re
garded as necessary. It is, in short,
absolutely required to give a just and
consistent direction to government,
both in eases depender.t upon eonstruc
tun] of the constitution and in cases
where the constitution is silent. Be
sides, the instability of political action
in republics is a reproach to Which they
have been often subjected, and is the
objection to them which has had great
est weight with profound independent
thinkers in the old world awl the um.
Pint this instability, which arises prin
cipally from individual ambition, the
selfishness of classes, and the fillet Ha
tion4 of opinion, is to a great extent
checked and prevented by time predomi
nancy of a party founded upon clear awl
sound principles of public policy, and
acting constantly with reference to
them.
Now, the Democratic. party is simply
the representative of a school of opin
ion, and its credit is given it by those
who founded and have subsequently
supported it. The great men who have
spoken and acted for it. and whose
names will remnin.stamped prominent
ly upon the history Dram country, have
been men of strong, clear, sound views
of our system of government, and of the
rules upon which its administration
should proceed. Our party is the pro
duet of their efforts; the instrument
for accomplishing the ends they pro
posed, and it remains a monument of
their sagaeity,foresight, and patriotism.
They held that over-action in govern
ment was a great evil—the most diffi
cult to be guarded against, and there
fore the most dangerous—and that both
within and without the Constitution
powerful guards against it were requir
ed. Proverbial language conveys the
idea in declaring that "the world is
governed too much," and that " that
government is best which governs
least," and philosophical reasoning at
tains the same result, in eonelnding
that government, being the creature of
necessity is limited by the necessities
which create it, and k not to be extend
ed beyond them. The Democratic par
ty has therefore held, and holds, that
Constitutions shall receive a strict con
struction ; that government shall exer
cise no pow era not clearly delegated to
it, and that in cases of doubt as to the
policy of a particular measure, the con
clusion shall be against it.—ln short,
that public power shall not be cx .rted
except whore a clear warrant and man
ifest utility authorize and justify it.
The powerful (and we think saluta
ry) operation of this doctrine appears
throughout the history of the National
and State governments, and occasional
departures from it stand as beacons
to warn, and not as examples to follow.
To illustrate our remarks, we will re
fer briefly to a number of measures of
public policy heretofore proposed to the
general or State Government, and upon
which divisions of opinion have existed
among public men and parties. They,
will afford data for judging the value of
the Democratic doctrine on the subject
of Government powers and policy, of
which we have spoken.
First—A bank Created by the Gener
al Government, owned. in part by it,
and intended for the regulation of the
currency, and to afford facilities to com
merce and business. This measure was
resisted, fled all recent attempts to re
establish such an institution have been
put down, upon the very grounds above
stated. '
Second—lnternal improvements to be
constructed at at charge of the nation
al treasury, to facilitate internal re
sources of particular sections. ANo
clear authority firr outlays of this de
scription appearing, and the manifest
dangers to which they lead being ap
parent, the action of our Federal Gov
ernment on this subject, has been right
fully and wisely arrested.
Thini—Excessivo duties upon im
ports, to the extent of prohibition upon
their importation, or to the production
of revenue beyond the legitimate wants
of government. The federal power of
imposing duties - being for the express
object of Government support and the
liquidation of publics indebtedness, its
exercise for an entirely differe,nt object
would' seem unwarranted, and would
be unjust to interests or individuals
against whom a discrimination is thus
produced. Theretlwe it is, that against
much mused iception and the opposition
of powerful interests, the doctrine of
limited and reasonable duties has been
sternly and, upon whole, successfully
upheld.
Fourth—The distribution of moneys
from the national treasury among the
States, believed to be eqaally unwar
ranted with the preceding measures,
and inevitably tending to the produc
tion of speculation and extravagances
in the States, has also been resisted,
and except upon a single occasion pre
vented.
Fiftl*--A bankrupt act, ditu4olving the
relations of debtor and creditor in a
manner and to an extent unauthorized
by the Constitution, disastrous to pri
vate rights, i injurious to morals, and to
the encouragement, mainly, of one of
the least meritorious classes of society
—the speculator and spendthrift. With
hot haste and under the lash of public
opinion, the very authors of such an
act in 1842 were coerced into its repeal.
SLrth—Appropriations of public mo
neys or lands, to objects of doubtful con
stitutionality or utility ; connected with
which, may ho mentioned the allowance
of claims, insufficiently established nr
unjust. The I)etn4cratie principle
strikes as decisively at nil projects for
assailing the treasury, by an individual,
a class, or a section, in the absence of
clear right to justify the demand, as it
does at other unwarranted or doubtful
measures.
&Tenth—The exereise of jurisdiction
by the General (lovernment over slave
ry in the territories, to the sxciusion of
local deeision thereon. Legislation by
rongruss upon slavery beyond the 'ex
press requirement as to the return of
fugitives, is to be doubted, and it' r e gard
is had to high judicial decision, express
ly denied, as a valid exercise of power.
And its inexpediency is yet more plain
ly manifest, in view of the dangerous
disputes whivh such net ion inevitably
produces. Most dearly therefore, is it
to be deprecated and opposed,•upon the
general doctrine of non-action by gov
ernment in doubtful eases.
Eighth—The establishment of eon}o
rations, either excessive as to nu n
or vested with inordinate powers or
privileges; and especially pursuits or
business within the reach of individual
means and skill. Under which head is
to be particularly noted, the chartering
of banks beyond the business wants of
the community, locating them itt points
without adequate commerce or 4exchan
ges to afford legitimate occupation and
failing' to impose upon them such guards
against abuse and fraud as are demand
ed by experience. The recent resolution
on the subject of our State Convention,
but indicates the well considered posi
tion of our party and its policy for the
future.
Xinth—The authorizing of municipal
subscriptions to railroads and other cor
porate bodies to the encouragement of
speculation, corruption and the accumn
lat ion of public debts. The proposition
now before the people for the amend
ment of the Con titration to prevent this
in the future, is but in affirmance of the
principle we have been considering ; for
the decision of a divided Court in favor
of legislative power to authorize snob
subscriptions has not removed all doubts,
and has left the powerful objections to
the system, upon grounds ofoxpediency,
untouched and irresistable.
Tenth—The sale or surrender hy Gov
ernment, in whole or in part, of any of
its constitutional powers confided to it
by the people. The attempt to. do this
in the late act for the sale of the Main
Line of the Public Works ; an attempt
which was denounced by the State Con
vention, and has since been pronounced
unconstitutional by the Supreme Court,
may be cited under this head, and de
served that reprobation which it has
generally received.
Eleventh--Sumptuary laws, by which
dress, food, drink, equipage, or other .
like concern of use, habit or fashion, is
coerced. The interference of law in
such cases would seem to be unuseful,
and is of doubtful authority.
Twelfth—Finally, measures directed
against a class or sect, and intended to
degrade them or limit their civil privi
leges. It is affirmed that neither re
ligions belief nor birth place will furnish
grounds for 'ostracism or a denial of
common right.
Such are some of the leading measures
npOn which politieal divisions have taken
place, and on their careful examination
it will be seen, that they can al( be re
solved into the general question whether
the powers and action_ of government
shall he extensive or limited. And if
we should pnrsue the subject further;
this view of the fundamental groand of
difference between public men and par
ties would be but eon tinned and strength
ened_ •
We are left then to choose sides in the
struggle between power and liberty—
between government that meddles and
one that abstains — between political
New Englandism and the Virginia doc
trines of 1798. Neptrality is not possi
ble, for almost every public question
that arises , compels us to a 'choice be
tween contending parties, and the
schools of opinion which they respec
tively represent.
It has been fashionable for apostates
from our party to claim that they re
tained their principles unchanged, and
even opposing parties occasionally ad
vance pretensions to the faith and doc
trines of Jefferson. How unfounded
such pretensions are, whether advanced
by apostate or party, will appear front
considering the measures of public poli
cy they propose and support. If we
tind them favoring new projects of
doubtful right or expediency, contend
ing for extensive jurisdiction for gov
ernment and scoff nig at constitutional
scruples as "abstractions," we may be
sure they are no disciples of the philan
thropist, philosopberand statesman who
founded our party, and who wrote to
Edward Livingston as late as 1824, to
endorse the sentiment, that "if sce,havr
a doubt relative to any power, we oigiat
• *.
TWO DOLLARS A-YEAR.
not to exercise it." Much more • wo
deny their discipleship; if we find their
measures connected with intolerance in
religion,proscription of adopted citizens,
or aggressions upon territorial or state
rights, which is manifestly a true- de
scription-at this moment of the parties
opposed to us.
The (so-called) .113syblican party
makes high pretensions and challenTert
their examination—hut there can be lit
tle difficulty in determining their char
acter and value, and assigning the party
which holds them to its true position
before the public. Especially wait bo
a work of ease, to explode its preten
sion to sound opinions as held by former
Republican Presidents, and to bring it
within the condemnation which they
direeted against the heretical move
ments of the times which they lived.
The resistance made about 1820, to
the admission of Missouri into the U
nion, was similar to the recent conduct,
of those who misdeseriben themselves;
as Republican's In both eases the pro
position was, that Congress should pro
hibit slavery in the territories (or eallSO
it to he prohibited) prior to their ml
mission as States. Theargnment against.
this was stated by Mr. Madisonsin _the
Walsh letters, under all the high sane
tions which his abilities und-his position
as the leading author of theNnstitutr,m
could confer upon it. And it is us welt
established as any historical 'et olio
be, that. Mr. Jefferson was oppose
the Missouri agitation throughout, and
to prohibitions of slavery by Congress
amid coercion as then proposed. llis
eelebrnted letter to John Helmets dated
22d April,, 1820, furnisher conclusive
i proof of this, and confirmntion of the
fact will be found in-other parts of Ills
published correspondence. In his letter
to John Adams or Deeemher - 10, 1819,
he says: that "from the battle of Bun
ker llill to the treaty of Paris, we never
had so ominous a question; it even.
dumps the joy with which 1 hear ofyour
high health and welcomes me to the ,
want °fir. I thank God, I shall not live
to witness its issue." In a letter to the
same, April 22, 18:21, ho asys—" what
does the Holy Alliance in and out of
Congress intend to do with us on the
Missouri question? And this by the ,
way, is but the name of the case ; it is
only the John Doe or Richard Roe of
the ejectment. The real question, as
seen.in the States afflicted with this un
fortunate population, is,
-are our slave(
to be presented with freedom and a
dagger." He says to - Mr. Monroe,
March 3, 1820—" the Missouri question
is the most portentous which has ever
yet threatened our Unidn. In the
gloomiest moment of the Revolutionary
war, I never had anyapprehension equal
to that which 1 felt from this source."
-To Mr. Short, April 18,1820—he writes
—"Although I had laid down as a law
to myself never to write, talk, or even
think of- politics • to know nothing of
public affairs . ; end therefore ceased to
read newspapers; yet the Missouri
question aroused and " filled me witoh
alarm. The old schism of Federal and
Republican threatened nothing, beemise
it existed in every State, and united
them together by the fratornism of par
ty. But the coincidence of a marked
principle, moral and political, with a
geographical line, on ca eeived, I
feared would never more be oeliterated
from the mind; that it would be recur
ring on every occasion, and receiving
irritations, until it would kindle such
mutual and mortal hatred as to render
separation preferable to eternal din
cord." He.says to Joseph C. Cable,
January 81, 1821—" how many. of our
youths, she (Ilaverd College) now has
' learning the lesson of Anti-Missouri-ism,
I know not, but a gentleman lately from
Princeton told me that ho saw a list of
students at that place, and that more
than half were Virginians. Thesetaill
return home no doubt deeply"imprewd
with the Sacred principles of the Holy Al
lionce of RestrictionLsts !" And to Gen.
' Breckeuridge he writes ' February 11,
18M—"The line of our division mark
ed out between different portions of our
confedracy is such as will not soon, I
fear, be obliterated; and we are now
trusting to those who arc against its in
position and principle, to fashion to their
own form the minds and affeetjons of
our youth. -If, as has been estimited,
we send three hundred thous:rod dollars;
a year to the northern seminaries for
the instruction of our own sons imbib
ing opinions and principles in discord with
their own country, this canker is eat
ing on the vitals of our existence, and,
if not arrested at once, will be beyond
remedy." In a letter to Mr. Madison."
in reference to the Missouri question,
he declared that Rufus King (a distin
guished federalist) was " ready to risk
the. Union fur any chance of restoring his
party to power, awl wriggling hiumlf to
the head of it." On another occasion,
he declared the question to be a mere
party trick, that the leaders of federal,-
eon defCattsl in their schemes of obtain
ins power * * have changed their tact
and thrown out anotlier barrel to the
whale. They are taking advantage of
the virtuous feeling of the people to effect
a dic:ision of parties by a genyraphiral line,
expelling dial this will insert them upon
local . principles of federalism." And
finally, his letter to Gen. La Fayette,
dated November 4, 1823, contains his
judgment of the whole movement, ex
pressed with his usual direetnesif and
vigor. He says:—" The 11 - ardent Ilik„
veution, the victory of Orkans,4.
-
peace of Ghent, prostrated thOnanleof
federalism, its votaries abandon) it
through shame and mortification - 'VD
NOW cAra, 'PH KM Salt*,
PUBLICANS. Bat the name 1 '
changed, the principles are
** * On the eclipse of federaiietn._
with us, though nut ita extinction, its
leaders got up the 'Missouri question,
NJ
XO. 46.