OF/10E .13F : THE STAR,. PELAXIAIRSOMM STREET, A Dooßit, WWI' OF MR. FOlillY l B TAVRRN.., ADVERTISEMENTS Conspicuously inserted FOUR times fbr ONZ DoLLAs per square—over four times, TWINTY.FI mall per square will be charged. ..v WV W:DW3aVt? \VsIQ At $ per annum, Itulf.yearly - In advance. The .President's. Message. JuaaaQatias FrOra the President of the United States to both Houses of Congress. at the First Session of the 2.2 d Congress, delivered on Tuesday last: Fellow-Citizens of the Senate :; - and - House of Representatives The representation of the people has been re newed for the twonty.socond Limo since the con stitution they formed has been in force. For near half a century, the chief magistrates, who have been successively chosen have made their annual communications of the state of the nation to its representatives. Conerally, these cominunica tiona have been of the most gratifying nature, tits tilting an advance in all the improvements of so. cial, and all the securities of political life. But frequently,lnd justly, as you have been called on to be grateful for the bounties of Providence, at firw periods have they been more abundantly or extensively bestowed than at the present; rarely, Weyer, have we had greater reason to congratu hte each other on the continued and increasing prosperity of our beloved couptry. Agriculture, the first and most important occu pation annul, has compensated the labors of, the husbandman with plentiful crops of all the varied froducte of our-extensive country. -Manuflictures have been established, in which the funds of the capitalist find a profitable investment, and which 'vet employment arid sid,a,teoec to a numerous and increasing body 01 industrious and dexterous mechanics. The laborer is rewarded by high wages, in the construction of works of mternul improvement, which are extending with•unproco. dented rapidity. Science is steadily penetrating the recessei of nature and disclosing her secrets, while the ingenuity of free minds is subjecting the elements to the power ut man, and snaking each new conquest auxiliary to his comfort. By I out mails, whose speed is rPgUlarly increased,and and whose routes are every year extended, the communication of public intelligence and private business is wudered frequent and safb—the inter. ((burs°. betweed4ilpiat cities, which it.lbrmerly required weeks to acicomplish, is now effected in afew days; and in the construction of rail-roa • end the application - of steam power, we have a treasonable urospect that the extreme parts of our *Ciuntry will be so much approximated, and- those imst isolated by the obstacles of nature, rendered a t ouccrnisible as to remove an apprehension some. titniiiiotertained,Aliat the great extent of the U. oion*buld endanger its permanent existence. If, t'Oin the satisfactory view of our agriculture, manufactures and internal improvements, we turn Laths sips*" our navigation and trade with fur. sign ruitionli'.,aud - between the States, we shall scarcely aid less cause for gratulation. A bene ficent PCPViIIOEICO has provided, for their exorcise and encopragement, an extensive coast indented by capachnis bays, noble rivers, inland seas, with a country prodnctive of every material for ship building; and every commodity for gainful corn_ mercy, and filled with a ptipulation, active, intals ligent, well informed, and fearless of danger.— These advantages are nut neglected; and an im. pulse has lately been given to commercial enter- P • rise which fills our ship yards with new con. atructions, encourages all the anti and branches of industry connected with them, crowds the wharves of our cities with vessels, and covers the sliest distant seas with our canvass. Let us he grateful for these blessings to the be. neticent Beim , b who has conferred them, and who coffers us to indulge a reasonable hope oftheir con tinuance and extension, while we neglect not the means by which they may be preserved. If we rimy dare to judge of His future designs by the manner in which his past favors have been be stowed, ho has made our national prosperity to depend on the preservation of our liberties—our national force on our tbderal union—and our in dividual happiness on the maintenance of our State rights and wise institutions. If we are pros kierous at home, and respected abroad, it is be cause we aro free, united, industrious and obedi ent to the laws. While we continue so, we shall, by.the blessing of !forwent - go on in the happy ca. seer wo have begun, and whiCh as brought us, in the short period of our politipuLexistence, fl . Olll o 'illation of three to thirteen millions—frow thirteen 'opera u o onus - • tad States—ifourweakness-to strength—from-a-rur --acarcelymarkea in the scale of Nations to a.:high .n the ir prAcei respect The last Ha - vantage is one thtit lifts resulted, ins a groat degree, fronillie grinciples which have juided our intercourse with Foreign Powers, "ince 'we have assumed an equal station among thorn: and hence, the annual account which the in which that brunch of lii.i duties have been ful filled, proves instructive and salutary. The pacific and wise policy ofourGoverninent .kept os in a state of neutrality during the wars that have, at different periods since our political existence, been carried on by other powers : but this policy while it gave activity and extent to our commerce, exposed it in the same proportion to injuries from belligerent nations. Hence have a risen delimit:if indemnity for those injuries. Eng land, France, Spain, Holland, Sweden, Denmark, Naples, and lately . Portugal, had all in a greater or less degree intringed our neutral rights. De mends' for reparation were made upon all: They have bad in all, and Continue to have in some oa ses, a leading influence on the nature of our rela tions with the powers on whom they are made. Of the claims upon England it is unnecessary •lo speak, further then to say, that the state of things to which - their prosecution and denial ave sise, has bait succeeded by arresgeineets,WX duedire of mutual good feeling and amicableriela- Cons between the two countries, which it is hoped Lenif not be interrupted. Ono of these arrange ts is that relating 'to the colonial trade, which communicated to Congress at the last session; and although the short period during whrelt it has been in game will not enable use to form an seed: - tote fudgment.of its operation, there is every rea son to believe that it will prove highly bebeficlal. The tradetherebv authorized has employed, to the 30th September Zest, upwards of 30,000 toils of A mericen, and 10,000 tons of Foreign vitipping in the outward voyages; and; in the inward, nearly snivel amount' of American, and 20,000 only of foretgn tonnage. Advantages, too, have resulted %o our agricultural interests tibia the state of the trade between Canada and our Territories and Moles bordering on the St. La w relics and the lakesaltich may prove more Oran eqpivident to the loss sustained by the - diserlintitatiliff pilule to favor the trade of the Noithern celonies with the ; I West Indiell, . . , Alter our transition from the state of co lonlue to ;Ina of nn independent nation, ma ny points were round necossary tope settled between Ats and .th Us itailL .i\ntojnf them, were the demereAtion Of boundaries; nOt'4l, l .. tertian{ with suf fi cient preeivion.m the Trtla- OW vf me a iatvo ahatics Crinot z 31iiptitblivats itattsttr. D LICIT AMOR P'ATRLE" PRODESSE crmus-- 6 .THit LOVE OF MY COUNTEY LEADS ME TO BR OF ADVANTAGE TO MY FELLOWCITIZZNS." 11401•ItalfiVP47169 aka.Q atrataaaa% ICI mattaisam ammo woacb etachairPock Whole Number, 86. Ity of Peace. • Some of the lines that divide (the States and Territories of The IT. S. from the British Provinces, have been definitive. ly fixed. That, s however, which separates us . from thirPriVinces of Cariada `and New Brunswick to the North & the East,vyaii in dispute when I came into office. Wit '1 found arrangements - made for-its settlement, over which I had no control. The com missioners who had been appointed under the provisions of the Treaty of Ghent, hav ing been unable to agree, a convention was made 'with Vreat Britain by my immediate predecessor in office, with 'the advice and consent of the Senate, by which it was a greed "that the points of difference which have arisen in the settlement of the bounda ry line between the American and British dominions, as described in the sth Article of the Treaty of Ghent, shall be referred as therein kovided, to sorte friendly sovereign or state, who shall be invited to investigate and inak'e a decision upon such points of dif ference:'' and the King of the Netherlands having, by the ,late President iiial his Bri tannic Majesty, been designated as such I friendly sovereign, it liecaine illy-duty- to carry, with good litith, the agreement so To_this_endkcauseil_ all the measures to be taken which were no ccssary to a full exposition of our case to the Sovereign Arbiter; and nominated a Mi nister Plenipotentiary to hiS court, a distin guished citizen of the State n interested in the question, and who haNteen one of the agents previously employed for settling the controversy. On the 10th day of Jan uary last, His Majesty the King of the Ne therlands, delivered to the Plenipotentiaries of the U. States, and ofG. Britain, tiis writ ten opinion on the case referred to him.— The papers in relation to the subject, will ire communicated, by a special messenger, to the proper brand . ; of the Government, with the perfect Confidence that its wisdom will adopt such measures as will secure an amicable settlement of the controversy, without infringing any constitution right of the States immediately interested. Itaffords me satisfaction to inform you that suggestions, made by my direction, to the Charge d'Affaires of His Britannic . Ma jesty, to this Government, have had their desired effect in producing the release of certain American citizens, who were impri soned for setting up the authority of the State of Maine, at a place in the disputed Territory under the actual jurisdiction of His B - ritannic Majesty. Fronithis, and thel assurances I have received, of the desire of the local authorities - to avoid any cause of collision, I have the best hopes that a good understandin4 will btokillPt up until it is con firmed by the final disposition of the subject: The amicable relatinns which now sub sist between the United States . and Great Britain, the increasing intercourse befween their citizens, and the rapid obliteration of •, unfriendly prejudices to which former events naturally gave rise---concurred to presept this us a fit period for renewing our endea vors to provide against the recurrence of causes of irritation, which, in the event of war between Great Britain and any other power, would inevitably endanger our peace. Animated by Cie sincerest desire to avoid such a state 'of things, add peacefully secure' under all possible circumstances, the rights arid honor of' the country, I have given such he Slinister lately sent to ilre Court of London, as will evince that desire; and if met by' a correspondent disposition, ivtiicli we -cannot doirbt,..4l put an end to causes of collision, which, without advan tage to either, tend to 'estrange from each other, two, nations who have every motive of duly 'Ram but an inter- instructions to course of the most amicable nature. In my Message at the opening of the fast Session of Congress, I expressed a confident hope that the justice of our claims upon France, urged as they were with persever ance and signal ability by our Minister there would finally be acknowledged. This hope has been realized. A Treaty hati been sign ed which will immediately be laid before the Senate for probation; and which containing stipula that require -Legisla tive acts, must have the concurrence of both houses before it 'can be carried into effect. By it, the French: Govemmont enga,ge", to pay a sum 1y.i4,11, if not quite equal to that which may biilbund• due to our citizens, will -yet, it is believed, under all circnmstanceri; be deenied satisfactory by those interested. The offer of a gross sum, instead of the sit. isfaction of . each , individual claim, was ac- . cepted, because the only altertnitiles were a rigorous exaction of the whole, amount sta ted to be due on each claim, which might, in some instances, be exaggerated by design in others overrated, through error, and which therefore it would have been both un gracious and unjust to have insisted on; or a settlement by a mixed commission, to whic h- 'the French negotiators were very averse, and which experience in other cases had shown to be dilatory, and often wholly inad equate to the end. A comparatively small sum is stipulated on l our part, to go to the extinction of all claims by .Frencli citizens • mon! Government.: and- a reduction: of du onr Cotton and their haa been agreed on;;as a consideration Ter the renun ciation of- an important claim -for eemmer , cial privileges; adder- the construotioit.tbey gave to the Treaty for the cessiitsraf Zion- M Should this Treaty , receive -the. proper sanction, .a source of irritation will be stop: ped, that has for so many years, in some degree alienated.from eacliother tweins whoiroin interest well as the `l•emem brar4et early iifooeititions, omglitto cherish .the most friendly , relatiims,—an encourage menewill be- given-for-perseverance in-the demands of justice, by this new proof, that, if steadily pursued, they will be listened to —and admonition will be oared to those Powers, if any, which may be inclined. Co evade them, that they will never be aband oned. Above all, a just confidence will be inspired ,mir fellow citizens, that their Government will exert all the powers with which they have invested it, in support of their just claims upon Foreign nations; at the same time hat the frank acknowledg 7 merit and provisibn fin• the payment of those which were addressed-hour equity, altho' unsupported by legal proof, alliirds a practi cal illustration of our submission to the di vine rule of doing to others what we desire they siirtdd do unto us. Sweden and Denmark having made com pensation Abr. the - liiTegularities committed bv their vessels, or in titbitports, to the per fect satisfaction of 'die parties concerned• and having renewed the Treutes of coin merce entered into with them, our political and commercial relations with those Powers continue on the most friendly tooting. - With Spatfi, our diftilrenees up to the 22d of February 0.81 9, were settled by the Trea t . ty of Washington of that date: but at a sub sequent perio;7,mir commerce with the States 6ffmeriv Colon ies of Spain; on the continent of America, was annoyed wid fiequently interrupted by her publid mid private armed ships. They captured many of our vessels prosecuting a lawful commerce, and sold them and their cargoes; and at one time, to oar demands for restoration an,i indemnity, opposed the allegation, that they were taken in the violation of a blockade of all the ports of those States. This bloCkade was declu tory Only, and the inadequacy of the force to maintain it, was so manifest, that this allegation was varied to a charge of trade in contraband of war. This, in its turn, was also found untenable; and the Minister whom I :writ with instructions to press for the reparation that was due to our injured. fellow citizens, has transmitted an answer to his demand, by which the captures are declared to have been legal, and are justified because the independence of the States of America never having been acknowledged by spain, she had a right to prohibit trade with them under her old colonial laws. This ground of defence was contradictory, not only to those which had formerly alleged, but to the uniform practice and established laws of nations; and had been aba:aloned by Spain herself in the convention which gran ted indemnity to British subjects for captures I made at the same time, under the same cir cumstances, and for the same afitgations with those of which we complain. I however indulge the hope that further reflection will lead to other views.' and feel confident that when His Catholic Majesty shall be conVinced of the justice, of the 'claim his desire to preserve friendly relations be tween the two countries, which it is my earnest endeavor to maintain; will induce him to accede our demand. I have there 43 fore despatche a special messenger with inStructions - te our Minister to .liring the case once more to his consideration; -to-the,- end that ii; which - _ . I cannot bring myself to - :believe;:the7same - dscisiow that cannot-but be deemed an unfriendly denial of justice, should be persisted in, the matter may, be fore your adjournment, be laid before you, the constitutional 'irdires -- of what is. to r to be done when negotiation for redress ° of injury fails. The conclusion of a Treaty for indemni ty with France seemed to present a• favora ble opportunity to renew our claims of a similar nature on other powers; and partic ularly in the case of those upon Naples, more especially, as in the course of former negotiations with that power, our failure induce France to render us justice, was used as an argument against us. The desires of the merchants who were the principal suf ferers have therefore been acceded to, and a mission. has been instituted for the special purpose of obtaining for them a reparation already to long , delayed. This . ; measure having bedwreSolved onf, it jtvas exe rcuti(in waiting for the meeting of Congress, heeause the state of Europe created an spy prehension of events that might have rem dered our application ineffectual. - Our demands upon tht Goverrunent of the Two Sicilies at e. of a peculiar nature: 'The injuries on wkich they are founded are net denied, nor are the atrocity and_ perfidy under which those injuries were perpetra ted attempted to be - extenuated. The sole ground on which indemnity hafbeen refirsed is the alleged - illegality of the tenure by which the monarch, who made the seizures hold his crown. This defence, always un founded in any principle of ihe.lauf of ,na tions--now. universally abandoned , Bien by powersbtliose .. upon when] the responsibility for acts of past rulers bore the most heavily, will unquestionably besiven up - by Hid Si 6ilian Majesty; whose camisole will i ece fie tut impulse from that hightiense - of 'honor. And regtra cirjusticq whieliarestiid to char• idolize him ;. and I feel the thlhset confi dence. 'that th; ,tatents 00140 cirm, missioned for that purposwill place be'fOre him the just claims of injured citizena, in such a light as will enable me, before your adjournment, to announce that, they .have Keen adjusted and secured. Preciieitk % structkins, to the effect tk*bringino the ne gotiation to a speedy issue, have been given and will be obeyed. ' In the late blockade of Terceira, some of the Portuguese fleet captured several of our vessels and committed other excesses for Which reparation was demanded; and I was on the point of despatching an armed- force, to prevent any recurrence of a similar vio lence and protect our• h citizens in the prose cution of, their lawful commerce, when offi cial assurances on which I relied, made the sailing of the ships unnecessary. Since that period frequent prprnises have been. made that full indemnity shall he given for the injuries inflicted and the losses sustained. In the performance there has been some, per haps unavoidable, delay;' but I have the full est' confidence that my earnest desire that this - business may at once be closed, which our Minister has been instructed strongly to _express, „will.very.soon be gratified. I.lave the better ground for this . hope, from the evidence . ofa disiosition which that Government has shewn by an actual reduc tion in the duty on rice, the produce of our Southern States, authorising the anticipation that this important article' of our export will soon be admitted on the same footing with that produced by the most favored nation. With the otherkfioners of Europe, we have fortunately had no cause of discussions for the redress of injuries. With the Em pire of the Russias, our political connexion is of the most friendly, and our commercial of the most liberal kind. We enjoy the ad \ vantages of navigation and trade, given to the most favored notion : but it has not yet suited their policy, or perhaps has not been found convenient from other considerations, to give stabilitygand reciprocity to those privileges, by a commercial Treaty. The ill'health of the Minister hist year charged with making a proposition for that arrange ment, did not permit him to remain at St. Petersburgh; and the attention of that Gov=- ernment, during the whole of the period since his departure, having been occupied by the war in which it was engaged, we have been assured that nothing could have been effected by his presence. A Minister will soon be nominated, as well to effect this important object, as to keel) up Ole rela tions of amity and good undpirstandii f ig of which we have received so'many aseurances and proofs from His Imperiat, Majesty and the Emperor his predecessor: The Treaty with Austrir is opening to us an important trade with!the hereditary dominions of the Emperor, the value of which has been hitherto little known, and of course not sufficiently; appreciated.-- While our commence finds an c •ce in to the South of Germany by means .f this Treaty, those we have formed with the Hanseatic Towns-and-Prussia, and others, now in negotiation, will open that vast coun try to the enterprising of our merchants on the North; a country abounding in all the materials 'for a mutually beneficial corn merce, filled with enlightened and industri ous inhabitants, holding an important place in the polities - of - Europe, and to which we owe so.many valuable citizens. The rati fication of the Treaty with the Porte was sent to be exchanged -by the gentleman t.ti pointed our Charm d'Affaires to that Court. Soule difficulties occurred' on dos arrtuatft but the at date of his last official despalch,he (~supposed they had been obviated, attg 'that there was every prospect of the exchange heirs s ieedit effected. This finishes the connected view I have thought it proper to give of our political and commercial relations in Europe. Ev ery ell:eft in my power will be continued to strengthen and extend theni by Treaties founded on principle of the most perfect -re ciprocity of interest, neither askingnor con ceding any exclusive advantage, but libera ting as far as it lies in my power the activ ity and industry of our fellow citizens from the shackles which foreign restrictions may impose. To China-and the East Tribes, our corn . - merce continues in its usual extent and with increased facilities, which the credit and capital of our . merr.hants-afford, by substifu tinebllwforfayments in specie. A daring outrage j haVing been committed in those seas brthe plunder, of one of our merchant. men engaged in the pepper trade at a port in Sumatra, , and 'the piratical perpetrators belonging to tribes in such a state of society, that the usual Course of proceedings between civilized nations could not' be pursued, I. forthwith despatched a Frigate with orders to require immediate satisfaction for the in jitry, and indemnity to the sufferers. Few ehanges have ,taken place in our con nexions with the independent States of . A merica since my last communication to Con gress. The ratification of a Coprnercial Treaty with,the United Republies of Mexico has been for Some tiro ' underdeliberation in their' Congress,. but was still undecided at, the date of , our last despittehes. ',The un happy civil. commotions that hake prevailed there; - were undoubtedly tide cause of the. de laY; ,but as the goverment is now said to be titquilized, we , hope tote) to receive tlie ratification nf tbo Treaty, arid an arrange: fttr ih‘; m areat ion of Op . houniiarks ' • • 'W=E ME between us. - Inlhe 'mean tillitratiltrifxm— tant trade has been opened, with. mutuht benefit, from Wit. Louis in the State of Mis souri, by caravans, to the interior provinces lof Mexico. This commerce is protected in, I its progress through the Indian countriesby the troops of the. United States, which haws been permitted to escort the eamvans, -be yond our boundaries to the settled part' or . the Mexican territory. From Central America I have received assurances of the most friendly kind, and a giutifying application for our good offices to • remove -a supposed indisposition towards that Government in a neighboring State: this application was immediately- -and suc cessfully complied with. They gave us al- so the pleasing intelligence that differences which had pVevailed in their-internal a , ire had been peaceably adjusted. Our Treaty with this Republic continues to be faithfully observed and prothises a great and beneficial commerce between the two countries: • a commerce of the greatest importance, if the magnificent project of a ship canal through: the dominions of that State, from tilt!' Atlan tic to_the_Pacific Ocean, now-in- seriousnen----- templation, shall be executed. I have greatsatisfactionin_commtufica,- ting the success which has attended theex. • ertions of our Minister in Colombi to pro cure a very considerable reduction in the duties of our flour in that Republic. In• demnity also, has been stipulated for injuries received by our merchants fror~e - eit- • urea; and renewed assurances are given that tliftTreaty between the two countries *Will be faithfully observed. • Chili and Peru seem to be still tluelitenea - - with civil commotions; and until they shall be settled disorders may naturally be appre.- hended, requiring the_constant presencenfa Naval force in the Pacific Ocean, to protect our fisheries and guard our commerce. The disturbances that took place in the Empire of Brazil, previously to, arid imme diately consequent upon, the abdication CI the late Emperor;riecessarilyerispen4ediey eflectual (Application for the redress of some past injuries sufferedly our citizens front that Government, while they have been the cause o 1 others, in which all #areigners scent to have participated. Instructions have been given to our Minister there, to prep for indemnity due for lows 'occasioned by these irregularities: and to take care that our fellow-citizens shall enjoy all the prlil leges stipulated in their favor, by thel'reaty lately made between the two powers, au. which, the good intelligence that prevails between our Minister at Rio Janeiro and the Regency, gives us the best reason to expect. I should have placed Buenos Ayres in the list of South American powers in respect to. which nothing of importance affecting NUI was to be communicated, but for occurrence* which have. latelftaken place at the Falk land Islands, in which the name of that m public has been used to cover with ashottot authority, acts injurious to our commerce, and to the property and liberty of our M- I low-citizens. In the course of the present year, one of our vessels engaged in the pur suit ofa trade'which we have always enjoy ed, without molestation, has been captured by a band acting, as they pretend, under the authority of the Government of Buenos Ay-- ten . . have therefore given order(' for the despatch of an armed • vessel, to join our- squadron in those seas, and aid in affording all lawfutonaection to otirtrade which shall be necssary; and iluifi of them- - cumstances, and also of the claim, if soy, that it rot up by that Government, to those islands. In , the mean ,rime I submit the case to the consideration of Co , • ress to the irermspirwo - Demmitor-vuisft payable' in adsitti*Attoillir scriptionstakeg for gesthiiiot "pd none discontinued until all arrea4m are ptid. —A failure to notify a diseontintuume o -nilt be considered a new engagement and , #t!) paper forwarded accoMingly. , end that they may clothe the Executive with such authority and means as they play deem necessary for providing a force adequate to the complete protection of our fellow-citizens • fishing and trading in 'those seas. This rapid sketch of our foreign relations it is hoped, fellow-citizens, may be of UMW use in so much of your legislation asmay bear on that important subject; while it af fords to the country at large a source of high gratification in the contemplation of our 00. litical and commercial connexion with the rest of the world. At peace with ing subjects of More difference with few, and those susceptible of easy adjustment-- extending our commerce gradually on all sides, and on none by any but the most lib eral and mutually beneficial means we rimy', by the blessing'of Providence, hope kor all that national prosperity which can be deriv ed from an intercourse with foreign nations, guided by those eternal principls”f luetice and reciprocarttrod will, which are landing as well upon • States, es the individuals of whom they are composed. I have great satisfaction in making this 'statement of our gifairs, because the course of our national policy enables me kid* it ' without any indiscreet exposure of what in • other governments is usually concealed from The people. Having none but-a straight forward open course to pursue—,guided by - a single principle that will pear the stront• est light—we have happily no political cam.) binations -to form, no ethane" to, entangle us, no complicated interests tokroisprilt; in eiibjectiexWorchave done tir the tome. Citizens, and to the oftlei world, we give TM advantags tw'Otbece.,). • nation', and lay moved oyes' too *ON • - Eitrgrx Lore insf; 14 NS
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