TI 4 '1 LOBE!. Circulation—the largest in the County HUNTINGDON, PA. Wednesdays ,Tune 11, 1856 FOR, PRESiDEN'T, JAMES. -BUCHANAN, OF PENNSYLVANIA. FOR VICE PRESIDENT, JOHN. C. BRECKENRIDGE, OF REIVTUCKY Democratic State Nominations CANAL COMMISSIONER, GEORGE SCOTT, of Columbia-county. AUDITOR GENERAL, JACOB FRY, Jr., of Montgomery county SURVEYOR GENERAL, TIMOTHY tVES, of Potter county. THE, DEMOCRATIC NOMINEES. Much of our space to-day is taken up with the proceedings of the Democratic Convention which placed in - nomination Hon. James Mt charism, for President, and Hon. Jno. C. Breck enridge for Vice President. It is well known to our readers that Gen. Lewis Cass was al ways our first choice; but we can and will give Mr. Buchanan a cordial support, and use every honorable means to give him Old Hun tingdon by a handsome majority. 'Mr. BUCHANAN was born in ,Fra.nklin Coun ty, Pennsylvania, on the 19th of April, 1791 ; and therefore 65 years old. , He served fits the State Legislature two years, in'the House of Congress ten years. Gen. Jackson sent hire to - RusSia as Minister in 1831; - Where he remained three years. in 1834 he was elect ed to the United States Senate, and remained there eight - years. He was Secretary of State under President Polk, and Minister to Eng land under President Pierce.' He has filled, therefore, nearly every civic station of dis tinction, the post to which he has just been nominated being the last and highest 'which the people of the country have to bestoW upon him. Mr. BEtCKENRIDGE ) of Kentucky, the can didate for Vice President, is 'comparatively a young man, and a. nephew of Rev. Robert J. Breckenridge, D. D., the distinguished Pres byterian clergyman, He is understood to be one of the progressive Young, American school; popular in his own State, 'and was offered the mission to Spain on the .resigna tion of Mr. Saute, but declined it. He serv ed two terms 'in Congress . DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVEN- TION. The Convention assembled at Cincinnati on Monday the 2d inst., and organized tem po:arily by calling Samuel Medary to the chair. On the second day the Convention• organi zed permanently with John E. Ward, of Geor gia as President, assisted by a number of Vice Presidents and Secretaries. Mr. Ward on taking the chair, said " that the summons to preside over the deliberations of the Convention was as unexpected as the honor was undeserved. The distinguished gentleman who yesterday presided, who was the connecting link between the past and the present, has carried them back to a period when the Democratic party was accustomed to assemble and go forth and do battle with a great, noble and gallant party, but that party with the issue that divided us' has passed away, and the great leaders of the party, have one by one stolen away to their silent resting-place filled with years and honors, mourned by political friends; for. "How sleep the brave who sink-to rest With all their country's honors blest !" Others of that noble ' v band, who still sur vive, are with us to-day to take part in our deliberations, and to go forth with us to battle for the Constitution and the Union. But this great, party having passed away, we find ourselves - surrounded by dangers be fore unknown, and our land from end end convulsed with factions. On one. side are men who will admit foreign born citizens among us only on condition of serfdom.— They would dictate laws that power should be held only by those who bow before the same shrine as .themselves ;. they hold that they only are fit for power who, approach the Throne of Grace; after the fashion they themselves prescribe. On the other side is a faction only more dangerous, because more numerous than the first, a faction with liber ty on their tongues, but with treason fester ing at their hearts, who profess love for the Union.only that they may bury- in the ruins of the Union the 'glorious memories of the past and - the hopes of the future. This fac tion is formidable only in case of its success to unite against the Democratic party with the first faction. The National Democratic party have met to day to appoint standard bearers to carry on the war against these fac; tions. Let us, then, come together like a band of brothers, to lay on -the altar of patriotism and of the Union a willing sacrifice of perSonal pre ferences, sec..ona:l feeling, snd, above all, pri vate dissensions. Let our deliberations and. actions be sanctioned by higher and purer motives. Let our preferences for persons be lost in a desire to protect and save the Consti tution of the country. Two sets of delegates from Missouri and New York appearing, their claims to seats occupied the attention of the Convention un til it adjourned. On the third day Mr. Hallet from the born mittee on resolutions presented the following which were adopted. - The first 'part of the report endorses and affirms the general prin ciples of the last National Convention held at Baltimore in - 2852. The report then proceeds as followis : • - And whereas, since the foregoing declara tion was unanimously adopted by•our prede 7 cessors in National Conventions, an adverse political and religious test has been secretly organized by a party claiming to be exclu sively Americans, and it is proper that the American Democracy should clearly define its relations thereto ; therefore Resolved, That the foundation of this Union of States having been laid in its, prosperity, expansion and pre-eminent example in, free government, built upon entire freedom in matters of religious concern, and no respect of persons in regard to rank or-place of birth, ao party can justly be deemed national, con stitutional, or in accordancewith American principles, which bases its exclusive organi zation::upon religions oßjnions and accidental birthplace... - That we reiterate with 'renewed energy of purpose the well : considered declarations: of former Codyentions updryithis sectional issue_, 'of domestiC slavery, and 'Concerning the" 're served rights of the States; and that we may more distinctly meet the issue on which a sectional party, subsisting exclusively on sla very agitation now relies, to test the fidelity of the people North and South, to the consti tution and the-Union— Resolved, That claiming fellowship with and desiring the co-operation of all who re gard the preservation of the Union, under the constitution, as the paramount issue, and repudiating'all sectional ‘parties and platforms concerning ddmestic slavery, which seek to embroil the States and incite to treason and -armed resistance to law in 'the Territories, and whose avowed purposes, if consummated' must end in civil war and disunion, the American Democracy recognize and adopt the principles contained in the organic laws establishing the Territories of Kansas and Nebraska, as embodying the only sound and safe solution of the slavery question upon , which the great national idea of the people of this whole country can repose in its determi ned conservatism -of the Union : non-inter ference by 'Congress with slavery -in States and Territories • that this was the'basis of the compromises of 1850, confirmed by both the Demociat:o and Whig parties in National 'Conventions, ratified by the people' in the election of 1852, and rightly applied to the organization of Territories in 1854 ; that by the uniform application 'of this Democratic principle to the -organization Of Territories and. the - Admission of new States, with or without domestic slavery e as they may elect, the equal-rights of all the States will-be pre served _intact, the original compacts of the constitution • maintained. inviolate, and the perpetuation and expansion of the Union en-, I sured to its utmost capacity of embracing, in peace and-harmony every future American State that may be constituted or annexed with a republican- form of government. -- Resolved, That-we recognize the right of the people of all the Territories, including Kansas and Nebraska, acting through the fairly expressed will of the majority of actual residents; and whenever the number of their inhabitants justifies it, to form-a constitution with or without domestic slavery, and be ad mitted into the union upon terms. of perfect equality with the other States. Resolved, finally, That in view of the , con dition of the popular institutions of the Old World, and the-dangerous tendencies of sec tional agitation, combined with the attempt to enforce civil' and -religious disabilities against the rights of acquiring-and enjoying citizenship in our own land, a high and sa cred duty has devolved an increased respon sibility upon the Democratic party of this' country, as the party of the Union, to uphold and maintain the rights of every State, and thereby the Union of the States ; and sustain the advance among us of constitutional lib erty -by continuing to resist all monopolies and all exclusive legislation for the benefit of the few at -the expense of the many and by a vigilant and constant adherence to those prin ciples and compromises of the Constitution, which are broad enough and strong enough to embrace and uphold the Union as it was, the Union as it is, and the Union as it shall be, in the full expansion e; the energies and ca pacity of this great and progressive people. 1. Resolved, That the questions connected with the foreign 'policy of the country are in ferior to no domestic question whatever.— The time has come for the people of the Uni ted States to declare themselves in ,favor of. free seas and a progressive free trade through out the world, and by solemn manifestations to place their moral influence by the side of their successful example. 2. Resolved, That our geographical and po litical position with reference to other States of the Continent, no less than the interests of our commerce and the development of our growing power, requires that we hold to the sacred principles involved in the Monroe doctrine. Their bearing and import, which admit of no misconstruction, should be ap-. plied with unbending rigidity. 3: Resolved, That the great highway which nature, as welt as the assent- of the States most immediately interested in its .maipten ance, has marked for a free communication between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, con stitutes one of the most important achieve ments realized by the spirit of modern times and the unconquerable energy of our people, and that this result should he -secured by timely and efficient exertion; the control which we have-the right to claim over it.— No power on earth should be suffered to im pede or clog its progress by any interference with the relations that may suit our policy to establish with the governments of States within whose dominions it lies. We can un der no circumstances surrender, our prepon derance, in the adjustment of all questions arising out of it. 4. Resolved, That in our view of so com manding an interest to :he people of the Uni ted States, that they cannot but sympathize with the efforts which are being made by the people of Central America to regenerate that portion of the Continent which covers the passage across the Oceanic lithmus 5. Resolved, That the 'Democratic party will expect from the next administration ev ery proper effort made to ensure our ascend ancy in the Gulf of Mexico; so as to maintain the permanent protection of the great outlets through which is emptied into its waters the products raised on the soil and the commodi ties created by the industry of the people of our western valleys and the Union at large. The folloWing is the Baltimore platform of 1852: Resolved, That the American Democracy place their trust in the intelligence,. the patri otism, and the discriminating justice of the American 'people. Resolved, That we regard this as a dis tinctive feature of our creed, which we are proud to rnaintain, before the world, as a great moral element in a form of government, springing from and upheldby a popular will; and we contrast it , with the creed , and prac tice of Federalism, under whatever name or form, which seeks to palsy the vote of the constituent, and which conceives no impos ture too monstrous for - the, popular credulity. Resolved, therefore, That entertaining these views, the democratic party of the Union, through their delegates assembled in a Gen eral Convention of the States, convening to gether in a spirit of concord, of devotion to _the doctrines and faith of a free representa tive government, and appealing to their fel low citizens for the rectitude of their inten- Lions, renew and reassert before the American people, the declarations of principles avowed by them, when, on former occasions in gen eral convention, they presented their candi dates for the popular suffrages. 1. That the federal governmeht is one of liberal powers, derived solely from the Con stitution, and the grants of power made there in.- Ought to be strictly construed by all the departments and agents of the government and that it is inexpedient and' dangerous to exercise doubtful constitutional powers. 2. That the Constitution does not confer upon the General Government the power to commence and carry on a general system of internal improvements. 3. That the Constitution does not confer authority upon the Federal Governrrient, di rectly or indirectly, to assume the debts of the several States, contracted for local internal improvements, or ether State purposes; nor would such assumption bejust or expedient. 4. That justice and sound policy forbid the Federal Government to fostet one 'branch of industry to the detriment of another, or to cherish the'interests of one portion to the in jury of another portion of our common coun try; that every citizen . and 'every section of the country has a right to demand and insist upon an equality of rights and privileges, and t. 9 complete an ample protection of persons and property from domestic violence and for eign aggression. 5. That it. is the duty of every branch of the Government to enforce and practice the • most rigid economy in conthicting our public affairs, and that no more revenue ought to be raised than is required to defray - the neces sary expenses of the.government, and for the gradual but certain extinction of -the public debt. 6.. That Congress has no power to charter a' National Bank ; that we believe such an in stitution one of deadly hostility to .the best interests of our country,,-dangerous to out re publican institution's and.the liberties of the people, and calculated to place the business of the country within the control of a con centrated money power, and above the laws and will of the people; and• that the results of Democratic legislation in this . and all other financial measures upen which issues have been made between the two political parties ,of the country, have demonstrated to practi cal men of all parties, their soundness, safety and utility, in all business pursuits. 7. That, the separation of the moneys of the Government from all banking institutions is indispensable for the safety of the funds of the ,Government and the. rights of the peOple. B. That the liberal principles advocated by Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence, and -sanctioned in the Constitution, which makes ours the land of liberty, and, the asylum of the oppressed of every nation, have ever been cardinal principles in the Democratic faith ; and every.attempt to abridge the priv ilege of becoming citizens and owners of soil among us, ought to be resisted with the same spirit which swept the alien arid. sedition laws from our statute book. 9. That Congress has no power, under the Constitution, to interfere with or control the domestic institutions of the several States, and that all such States are the sole and pro per judges of every thing appertaining to their own affairs not prohibited bythe Consti tution_ ; that all efforts of the Abolitionists or others made to induce Congress to inter fere with questions of slavery, or takeincipi ent steps ilftrelatior. thereto, are calculated, to lend to the most alarming and dangerous • consequences, that all such efforts- have an inevitable tendency to diminish •the happi ness of the people, and endanger the stabil ity and permanency of the Union, and ought not to be countenanced by any friend of, our political institutions. Resolved, That the foregoing proposition covers and was intended to embrace, the . whole subject Of slavery agitation in Con -gress, and therefore, the Democratic party of the Union standing on this national platform ; will abide by and adhere to a faithful execu tion of the acts known as the compromise measures settled by the last Congress, the act for reclaiming fugitives from service or labor included; which not being designed to carry out an express provision of .the constitution, 'cannot, with fidelity thereto,, be repealed, or so changed as to destroy or impair its effici ency. Resolved, That the democratic party will resist all attempts at renewing in Congress, or out of it, the agitation of the slavery ques tion, under whatever.shape, or color the at tempt may be made. Resolved, That the proceeds of the public. 'lands might to be sacredly applied to the na tional objects specified in the constitution, and - that we are opposed to any law for the dis tribution of such proceeds among the States as alike inexpedient in policy and repugnant to the constitution. Resolved, That we are decidedly opposed to taking from the PreSident the qualified Veto poiver, by which he is enabled, under restric tions and responsibilities, amply sufficient to guard the .public interests, to suspend the passage of a bill'whose merits cannot secure the approval of two thirds of the Senate and House of 'Representatives until the judg ment of the people can be obtained thefeon and' which has saved the American people from the corrupt and tyrannical do,rninton of the Bank of the United States, and from, a corrupting system of general Internal Im provements. . . Resolved, That the . Democratic party will faithfully abide by and uphold the principles laid down in the Kentucky and Virginia reso lutions of 1792 and 1798 and in the report of Mr Madison to the Virginia Legislature in 1799—that it adopts these principles as con stituting one Of the main foundation of its political creed, and is resolved to carry them out on their obvious meaning and- import. That in view of -the condition of the popu lar institutions in the Old World a• high and sacred duty is involved. with increased re-. sponsibility -upon the Democracy, of this country, as the party of the people, to up hold and maintain the right of every State, and thereby the union of the States—and to sustain and advance among them constitu tional liberty, ,by continuing to resist all mo nopolies and exclusive legislation for the ben efit of the few, at the expense of the many, and by_a vigilant and constant adherence to those principles and compromises of the Constitution—which are broad enough and strong enoug to embrace and uphold the Un ion as it is, and the Union as it should be—in the full expansion of the energies and capaci ty of this great and progressive people. The claims of the two sets of delegates were again discussed until the Convention adjourned. Fourth day—morning session. Both sets of delegates were admitted to seats with half • vote by each. Afternoon session." The convention then proceeded to ballot for a candidate for the Presidency when 14 ballots were had, result ing severally as folltilys - BUCHANAN. PIERGp. DOUGLAS. CASS. Ist ballot, 135 422. ' - .33.• _,5 2d, do. . 139 , ' 119 . 3 , 1 6 3d do. 139 119 , 32 • ;, 5 4th do. , 141 ll9 . 30 5 sth do. 140 119 31 .0- 5 .6th do. . 155 107 28 • 5 7th do. 143 89 58 5 Bth do. 147 , 87 56 5 89th do. 142 87 48 7 10th do.• 150 80 59 5 11th do. 147 80 63 5 12th do. 148 . 79 63 5 13th do. 150 ' 77 63 - 5 14th do. 152 - 79 - 63 5 The following is a detailed statement of the first ballot by-states : States. " Buchanan. Pierce. Douglas. Cass. Maine, 5 ' 3. N. Hampshire, • 5 Vermont, - -- 5 "- Massachusetts, 4 9 Rhode Island,', ' 4" -- -- Connecticut, • "6 -2- , -- New York, 17 18 . New Jersey, 7 Pennsylvania -27 ---- Delaware, -- . 3 ' -- —.- Maryland, 6 Virginia, 15 — N. Carolina , --- •10 • ...... . .. S. Carolina, 8 Georgia; "• • 10 ' Alabama ; "9 Mississippi, 7 -- Louisiana, • 6 , Ohio, 13 4 4 1 Kentucky, .4 5 _ 3 —7 Tennessee, •12 • —.— Indiana, - • .' 13 - Illinois, -7- - 11 - Missouri, . 9 Arkansas, _ — ' 4 - ' --.-- Michigan, - 6 - , - ,_- Florida, 3 - •- _ Texas, - 4 . --. lowa, Wisconsin, 3 EMI Fifth day. The - Convention re-assembled this morning and immediately resumed the _ ballotings. _ _ , . _ . • Buchanan. Pierce. Douglas. Cass. 15th ballot ; 168 • 3 118 4 16th do. 168 121 6 17th do. 296 - -- -- -- After the 15th Pierce was withdrawn.. Af ter- the 16th Douglas Was withdrawn. Gen. Cass was . not a candidate. , Afternoon session. The Convention pro ceeded to nominate a candidate fOr Vice Pres ident. The ballot resulted as follows : Breckenridge; 55 Fitzpatrick, 'll Quitman, 59 Brown, 29 Boyd, 33 H. M. Johnson, 31 Bayard, 31 Rusk, ' - 2 Dobbin 13 Trusen Polk, (Mo.) 5 After the ballot was announced Delaware withdrew the name of Senator Bayard. A. delegate from Connecticut begged to say that if thedelegates south of Mason' and Dix on's line could agree on a - candidate, Connec ticut would. go for her candidate, if not,' lie had the name of a distinguished son, 1:•aao Toucey, to propose. Another delegate said that was not so Connecticut reserve(' Toucey for higher game The name of Brown, of Tennessee, was withdrawn, and Tennessee cast her vote for Breckenridge, and several other States then changed their votes to Breckenridge, arid amidst great excitement Mississippi withdrew the name of Quitman, and recorded-her vote for Breckenridge. Judge Beardsley, for the New . York Hards, changed their votes from Butler to Brecken ridge. The vote was then announced as follow•s: John C. Breckenridge, of Ky-286 •The,nomination was then declared unani mous • and was received with immense ap plause. • Mr. 'Breckenridge, being loudly called for took the stand amid.. deafening cheers, 'and said the result was quite unexpected to him, And he bad no words to'express the' profound gratitude he felt for this mark of honor and confidence from the Democrats of the United States. He did not intend to make a speech, but only -to return thanks , from his heart for the honor done him. With- regard to the first nomination he -could only say that Mr. Buchanan had lived 'down detraction arid cal umny; and was now about to be • crowned with the highest honor that could be.conferred on an American citizen. He desired to say generally that he was a States Right delegate, and that he trusted, if elected, to the high office.fOr which he had beeri nominated he should never do acything to pervert the high trust reposed ih him. After several speeches by delegates the Convention adjourned sine An "American " Legislature The NeW York Herald has the following amusing exposition: ".A Nut for the Know Nothings.—We have before us a list of the members and officers of the last Assembly.of this State, with their places of birth, &c. There are 149 in all—a large portion of whom, it will be remembered, were elected as Know Nothings. Their con stituents will be amazed. to learn that the on ly Man out of the whole party who was of American parehtagp was Francis B. Spinola, whose father was an Irish man and mother an American. Not one of the others was Sprung from, natives either ()alba father's or mother's side. The fathers of the 149 were as follows.—Englishmen, 80; Germany, 10; France, 6; Holland, 14; Scotland, , l2; Ireland, 16; Wales, 9; Switzerland, 4; Italy, 1. .The Mothers were of foreign birth (w;th the ex ception of . Mrs. Spinola,) in about the same . proportion." WALKING UPON RAILROAD TRACK.S.-A person who walks 'upon a Railroad track but, slightly apprehends the danger „of his, posi tion. He Imagines that he can step out of the way upon the approach of 'a train, but there are now, unfortnnatelp,too - ma.nY instan ces upon record of the lallacy.of the supposi tion. A strong instance of this kind lately occurred upon a railroad running out of Bos ton. The engineer of the train running at the ordinary speed, discovered ahead a wo man upon' the track, with a child in her arms. The alarm whistle was blown, but she did not move from her position, 'and then the• brakes were so effectualiy applied that the train was brought to 'a stand-still at about ten feet from her. When she was reached, 'she was crouching down with her child clasped in her arms, and appeared to be as incapable of any effort for her own safety as if strucki suddenly with paralysis. 124 France and the United States A Washington correspondent of the New York Herald, in giving an account of the ef forts of M. de Sartides, the Francla Minister, to.inclube'thb Amer:lean GoVernment to ac cept the explanation of Mr., Crampton and Cord ClarehdOri as satisfactory, gives the sub joined account of an interview between the Minister and Mr. Marcy: He represented that the continuance ofpeace ful relations between England and the United States was the earnest wish of his master, the Emperor, who, since his acccession to the throne of France, had personally and through his representatives, evinced on every possible occasion a friendship to the Union. Mr. Marcy is said to_ have expressed , satisfaction at the assurance given, and remarked that it did not correspond withother official state ments which the United, States had received froai parties of reputable standing in their own . country. The Minister liromptly interposed,-and de nied in the firmest manner the, truth of any report adverse to the one which he had just made. ,The scene at this moment; according to representation, - must have been one of in terest; fer Mr. Marcy, rising from his seat, excused bis absence for a moment, when be returned ,an adjoining ,a adjoining room , .with "an original despatch in his hand, addressed, to the . Secretary. of War, Mr. Davis, which he opened, and by permission •of M. Sartiges, commenced reading an extract therefrom. "Now," said Mr. Marcy, closing the doc ument, "what I have just read to. you is from a report of .an army commission which, was sent out by this Government for the benefit of science; and am I to understand from the free assurance that you have given, that his Majesty, the Emperor,was ignorant of the.lan; guage used by his war Secretary to the officers of this mission, to whom he not only declined extending the courtesies solicited, but added to the refusal an expression hoping 'that when they next met it might be at the cannon's mouth.' ", Mr. Marcy continued: "This lan guage is further corroborated by a despatch to this department from our Minister at Paris." De Sartiges took a hurried leave. From the Washington Union Kansas and Nebraska. Abolition journalists and abolition orators insist with frantic pertinacity that the agita tion, disorder, violence, and evenbloodshed, which have marked the brief history of-Kan sas, are to be solely attributed- to the organic laws of the Territory, and that the murders, assassinations, house burnings, bogus -dele-. gates, bogus legislatures, and bogus senators, are the legitiinate fruits of the practical en forcement of the popular-sovereignty prine.i . ple. To each and all _of these assertions we have but one reply. It is opposition to, not acquiescence in, the great principle imbodi ed in the . Kansas-Nebraska bill, which has caused all the recent difficulties which patri otic men in every section- of the Union. have viewed with the deepest solicitude, and which have been fomented and heralded with fien dish exultation by•the abolitionists of New York and New England. In Nebraska, which has the same organic laws as her sis ter Territory of Kansas, and which has thus far been regarded as a profitless field for the nefarious agitations of abolitionism, the wis dom, patriotism, and sound republicanism of the popnlar-sovereigntk principle have - been fully and triumphantly illustrated. What the people of Kansas -want, in order to attain a degree of happiness and prosperity commen surate with their intelligence, enterprise, and the great natural advantages by which they are surrounded, is to be let alone—to be free from the traitorous influence of the New England Emigrant Aid Society—to be secure from the plots and -devices of men armed v;ititSharpe's rifles, and goaded to murder one mischief by the studied ravings 'of the New- York - Tribune and the blasphemous, fanatical exhortations of the Beechers, Park= ers, I)uttons, and the other reverend violators of the laws of God and their country. We make these hasty remarks by way of intro duction to the subjoined eloquent extracts from an article on this subject which appears in,a late number of the Albany Atlas and Argus : "While Kansas is torn and- disordered by civil commotioes, a prey to alien factions, a creature upon which the demagogues of the North and South are testing fatal experi ments,as chemists by their poisons upon some vile animal, its neighbor State of Nebraska enjoys profound repose. and uninterrupted prosperity. Nebraska is, compared with its twin-brother, a vast, cold, barren, inaccessible region,. menaced by Indians, and without the facilities for transportation or business that its neighbor enjoys. It has no soil like that which fills the rich valleys of Kansas, and no multitudinous stream, such as afford mill sites to its southern neighbor. Nature has done everything for Kansas—nothing for Ne braska; but why is it that the latter presents such a contrast of prosperity and domestic tranquillity to its neighbor 'The law to organize Nebraska is the same as that which gave existence to Kansas. it provided in like manner for legislative, exe cutive, and judicial departments. It gave, in like. manner, the appointment of governor and judges to thafederal executive, and left . the: legislative power in the -hands of - the people ; and in the organic law . in regard- to each it -declared it to be 'the true . intent and meaning of the act- not to legislate slavery into any Territory or State, or to exclude it therefrom, but to leave the people thereof perfectly free to form and regulate the do domesticinstitutions in their own way, sub ject only to the constitution of the United States.' In the organization of the State there was no discrimination, except that a I northern governor was chosen for Kansas, and a southern one for Nebraska. . "Why, then, we again ask, is there so much difference between the two Territories at this moment? Is it not to be found in the man ner in which the two populations.were trea ted by the people of the other States? "Nebraska was left to itself. The emigra tion that flowed to it was impelled by the natural laws of population. It flowed in an even and well-regulated stream. The people who made theit homes in Nebraska . desired to frame its institutions to suit their own principles and interests. They, have not as ked any one abroad what they should do, nor how they should do it. They have not invi ted borderers to rush to their polls. They have not depended on the alms of Aid Soci eties, oi- the contributions of fanatical meet ings. The philanthropists have sent no ri fles thither. The divines have counselled no bloodshed. Beecher has blessed no bullets for them. In a word, they have been let alone! "They are free, prosperous, and happy.— They have organized, under to act of Con gress, a territorial government, to which they are unanimously loyal and true. There is neither demonstration of violence, nor outrage, nor armed insurrection, nor the as sassination of dheiiffs, among them. Their course is, indeed, whol)) , undistinguished by any catastrophe or event. "Nebraska has according!) , fallen into great disrepute with - the politicians. It is unwor thy-of their consideration ! It does not call forth a single paragraph from the sectional presses, They have a sovereign contempt for - a Territory that has not yet produced a single outrage, and will never attain even to the rumor of a general massacre. Its name is never mentioned. "And yet does not the example of Nebras ka show that the question of self-govern ment may be safely left to a-terrritorial pop ulation, when acting for itself ? Would not Kansas, if left to the same influences, undis turbed by the sectional propaganda, have wrought out its own destiny, peacefully yet auspiciously. "We do not doubt it. Nor do we doubt that at any time the errors committed in the organization of Kansas could be'retrieved, if the question had been left to tbefree and un-: biased judment of the people; nor that, if this . rbitrament was to be regarded as deei-- sive, the affairs of the Torrritory could evert now be peacefully settled at once." THE CLAIM BlLL.—Governor Pollock has signed the Claim Bill, passed by the last Legis lature. The, 16th section makes provision for the 'adjustment and payment of- old claims against the State. The aggregate of these claims is large, and held by pers - ons all over the Commonwealth.. The Governor has ap pointed the Hon. Thos. E. Franklin, the At torney Gen eral, who, together with Mr. Banks, the Auditor General, and Mr. Magraw, the State Treasurer, constitutes the Board of Com missioners. The . Board will organize for business at Harrisburg, during the next month. Section 16th of the Claim Bill reads as fol lows: SEC. 16th. That the" Governor is hereby authorized to appoint a Commissioner, who, in conjunction`,with the Auditor General and State Treasurer, are hereby authorized to re-examine the claims certified to be due and unpaid on the main line of the Public Works, by the Commissioners appointed in pursu ance of the 29th section of the act of the 9th of May, one, thousand eight hundred and fif ty four, in their report dated seventh Decem ber, one thousand eight hundred and fifty four,—and may certify any clairwor claims they ifind to be just , and, legal, _to the Audi tor General, whereupon the same, shall be au dited and shall be paid by the State Treasurer out of any monies in the Treasury, not other wise appropriated. Provided, That said Board shall have power to send_ for persons and papers, and issue rules to take depositions in their investigation's of said claims. And provided further, That the said Board shall report their proceedings under this section with a statement of the claims- allowed by them to the next Legislature, and the sum of five hundred dollars, is' hereby appropriated to pay any expenses incurred in said investiga tion, to be paid by the State Treasurer upon warrants drawn by said Board, therefore, Pro vided further, That the whole amount of said claims so adjusted shall not exceed the sum of one hundred and forty-nine thousand three hundred and seventy-seven dollars and forty nine cents. Important to Postmasters To the Editor of the Republican : DEAR SIR : Will you favor me and the public by publishing the following letter in reply to an inquiry made by me of the department, in relation to tha duty of Postmasters in the transmission through the mails of newspa pers in which are enclosed, as in the instance referred to, pamphlets and other matter, as is getting to be too frequently the ease ? The duty of the Post-master in such case, and the liability incurred, is probably not understood by the public, and may not be. by Post-mas ters ; hence the request I make of you for the space which it will occupy in your , col umns. H. RAZEY, P. M. POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT, , Appointment Office, May 10, 1856.. Sra. : Yours of the Bth instant is received, accompanied by a copy of the "Cattaraugus Freeman," a weekly newspaper published in yonr village, having a pamphlet composed of a speech of the Hon. Wm. H. Seward, and a circular of Lewis Clephane enclosed, and sta ting that other copies of, that paper' with a similar pamphlet enclosed, done up in packa ges and directed to 'Subscribers have at the same time been brought'to the office to be mailed, the publisher of the paper claiming that the pamphlet was a supplement to it, and that you had rejected his claim arid refused to mail the papers, at the usual newspaper rates. In answer, Jam instructed bythe Postmas ter General to inform you that your action in the premises is approved. The specimen pamphlet which you transmit has no claim whatever to be regarded as a "supplement" to the newspaper in which it is enclosed.— On the contrary, its imprint, as well as the circular which forms a part of it, shows it to have been printed and published in the city of Washington. The enclosing it in a news paper was, therefore, illegal, and subjected nor only the particular newspaper, but the entire package of which it was a part, to let te) postage ; which postage—the fact having been discovered at the mailing office-should—should be prepaid before the paper or package is enti titled to be mailed. . Had the fact escaped your attention, and the papers in question had reached the of of delivery, it would have been the . duty of their respective postmasters to have charged. them with letter postage, and if that was re fused to be paid by those addressed, to have. returned them to the postmaster of the mail ing office, to prosecute those who caused them to be 'thus fraudulently mailed for the legal penalty of five dollars for each offence. Respectfully, &c:, HORATIO ,KING, • First Assistant Postmaster General. P. M., Ellicottsville, Cattaraugus co. N. Y, 132" Queen Victoria's eldest daughter--aged fourteen—is soon to be married to a prince of cassia—heir to the throne, aged twenty-five:: e British parliament are about to bestow on the youngprincess a life dowry, of no less than .£30D,000 sterling per annum; which, if she lives to the age of fifty, will amount to the small sum of only fifty mil/ions of dollars, almost as much as it takes to support the goverment of the United States, with one twenty-five millions of people for a-year,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers