Gulf plan may signal tilt toward Iraq By TIM AHERN Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON, D.C. The Reagan ad ministration's decision to protect Kuwaiti oil tankers signals a tilt toward Iraq in the Persian Gulf war and could lead to a poten tially disastrous conflict with Iran, two senior Democratic senators said yesterday. "The Kuwaiti flagging is a symbol of the absence of policy," said Sen. Sam Nunn, D- Ga., the chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee. Another key senator, Sen. Claiborne Pell, D-R.1., the chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee, said that "Iran is likely to see assistance tendered to Iraq's ally as provoca tive." Locals protest Herman and Letterman's votes on divestment evoke criticism By KARL HOKE Collegian Staff Writer Members of the Pennsylvania Pub lic Interest Coalition and the Commit tee for Justice in South Africa strongly criticized two area legis lators who last week voted against an amendment that would prohibit new state investments in South Africa. The two groups criticized state Reps. Lynn Herman, R-Centre, and Russell Letterman, D-Centre, for op posing an amendment to a bill which would have prevented any additional money from the State Employees Retirement System from being in vested in corporations doing business in South Africa. PennPlC and CJSA advocate the severence of all U.S. financial ties to South Africa. The lawmakers were also urged to vote for a package of bills in the state House next week that will call for a pullout of state funds from South Africa at Friday's press conference in the Paul Robeson Cultural Center. Proponents of divestment claim that every option short of strong economic pres'sure and violence have been tried and have failed to force the white minority government to allow the black majority basic economic, social and educational rights. Because American companies offer equal pay for equal work and have desegregated work facilities, oppo nents of divestment believe 'that con tinued corporate investment in South Africa can be a positive force for change. "Reps. Lynn Herman and Russell Letterman following trends set by the Pennsylvania State University and Pennsylvania's economic giants such as Mellon Bank Corportation have demonstrated with their no votes on Rep. Gordon Linton's Pope leaves Poland, returns to Vatican By KEVIN COSTELLOE Associated Press Writer WARSAW, Poland Pope John Paul II yesterday ended a weeklong pilgrimage to his homeland with a triumphant Roman Catholic march through Warsaw and a stern lecture about human rights to Poland's Com munist leader. Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski, in his own strongly worded farewell re marks, reminded the pontiff that while the pope would take fond mem ories of the visit back to the Vatican, Poland would have to seek a solution to its own problems. John Paul and his entourage ar rived in Rome at 9:25 p.m., where an Italian military helicopter took them on to the Vatican. During his visit, the pontiff repeat edly praised the outlawed Solidarity movement, while police_ detained scores of backers of the only indepen dent labor federation ever recognized in the Soviet bloc. The Polish-born pope and Jaruzelski held a hastily scheduled the daily "In devising a response to the gulf crisis, the administration should focus on ending the Iran-Iraq war and not on a course that risks an American-Iranian clash," Pell wrote in a commentary appearing in yesterday's edi tions of The New York Times. Nunn, interviewed on NBC-TV's, "Meet the Press," said the decision to fly the Stars and Stripes from 11 of Kuwait's 22 oil tankers, and to offer them U.S. Navy protection in the gulf, signals "that we have basically taken a strong tilt towards Iraq." Such a shift from the official neutrality Washington has observed since the war be gan in September 1980 "ought to be debated on its own merits and not on the illusion that we are really protecting the free flow of oil," Nunn said. amendment to H 8456 that they will side with the defenders of apartheid," Travis Parchman, vice president of CJSA, said. In an interview with WRSC radio, Letterman defended his vote against the amemdment. "I think I voted the right way . . . someone has to look after these pen sion funds." He said that he feels the federal government, not a state legis lator is better equipped to determine whether or not the blacks in South Africa are being hurt by U.S. invest ments. "Why hasn't the president of the United States taken it upon himself to divest all federal monies from South Africa?" Letterman asked. ' Herman was in Washington over the weekend and was unavailable for comment. "I must question Reps. Letterman and Herman's dedication to the pro tection of our freedoms if they are not willing to take a moral stand against the oppressive and racist regime that exists in South Africa today," said Tammy Peavler, regional director of PennPlC. "I urge every voter in Pennsylvania to raise the same ques tion with their representatives." Bob Allen, education director of District 1199 P of the National Union of Hospital and Health Care Employ ees, said state monies should be in vested in the state on repairing our infrastructure, retraining workers, and improving health care and edu cation, rather than upholding the apartheid system in South Africa. Parchman announced that a pro test will be held today at noon in front of Herman's office at 300 S. Burrowes St. to protest Herman's past voting record and publicize the upcoming diiestment legislation. one-hour private meeting at 'War saw's military airport before John Paul and his entourage departed in a LOT Polish Airlines Soviet-made TU -154M. There was no immediate word on what Jaruzelski and the pope dis cussed. In bidding him farewell, the Com munist leader reminded John Paul that while the pontiff would take recollections of his homeland back to Rome, "you can't take its real prob lems . . . We have our own path." As the general spoke, the white robed pope stood behind him on a small platform along the runway, frequently fidgeting and tugging on the gold chain around his neck that holds the papal crucifix. Jaruzelski, clad in a dark suit, called for the truth about Poland to be told, saying that: "In recent days, it (the truth) has been the victim of foreign manipulations." Poland's state-run news media complained that the Western press was biased in its coverage of the visit, Please see POPE, Page 7. one • ian Pell and Nunn urged joint action with Moscow to stop the fighting between Iran and Iraq, which has claimed an estimated 1 million casualties and spilled over into the so called "Tanker War" in the gulf. "Working with the Soviet Union is likely to contain the war and constrain the Soviet presence in the gulf," Pell said. "By contrast, a United States-Iran military clash could create opportunities for the Soviet Union in Iran and the region." Nunn said that while "the United States and the Soviet Union may have a conver gence of interests" in ending the ground war, "we do not have a convergence of interest in the Persian Gulf itself." Pell urged lawmakers to back his bill to block the reflagging plan. Nunn and other Research may revive coal industry By JEANNETTE GIBSON Collegian Science Writer Pennsylvania's depressed coal industry may be revived by the research and development of a new technology at the University, researchers say. Robert Jenkins, chairman of the University's fuel science program and program coordinator of a project at the Combustion Laboratory, said coal water fuel technology blends coal, water and additives to create a slurry a liquid that can be burned in boilers that currently use fuel oil or natural gas. Jenkins said the University is the world's lead ing center for coal-water fuel research, an area which some researchers hope will help stabilize the coal industry. He said funding for the project comes from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Students in Seoul vow to hold cathedra By RICHARD HERZFELDER Associated Press Writer SEOUL, South Korea Riot police encircling Seoul's Roman Catholic cathedral suddenly withdrew late yesterday, but militant students who have held the besieged complex for five days now vowed to stay put. About 300 students took over the Myongdong Cathedral compound in the center of the capital last Wednes day when anti-government protests' flared across South Korea. After police withdrew last night, astonished students rushed around asking what happened. The govern ment earlier demanded that they surrender and face charges. Priests told them they could go, though hours earlier riot police bat tled thousands of people who demon strated around the cathedral in support of the students. Many stu dents said they did not want to leave the compound, which they declared a "liberated zone." "We are here not because we don't have homes to live in. We want to fight until the military dictatorship is finished," one said. Leaders of the group said they would meet today with priests to discuss the situation. They denied which has provided about $1.5 million in operating funds and about $BOO,OOO for equipment. Alan Scaroni, associate professor of fuel sci ence, said the goal of the project is "to use coal as a substitute for fuel oils in boilers in business, industries and state institutions." Different types of coal are being tested and their combustion performance evaluated in the Com bustion Laboratory in the Academic Activities Building in order to find new applications for the burning of Pennsylvania coal, Scaroni said. Richard L. Gordon, professor of mineral eco nomics, said Pennsylvania has traditionally been a major producer of coking coal, which is used in the production of steel. However,, because Pennsylvania's coke-based steel mills are depressed, the need for coking coal has decreased, he said. reports they were offered amnesty by the government and said police wanted them to agree to end all anti government activity. The students demanded that the government release all prisoners de tained in connection with the unrest. More than 5,000 people have been arrested and hundreds remain in custody, but the government hasn't released exact figures.' • Catholic church officials, who re fused to be identified, said a deal was worked out with the government to end the siege. A government spokes man declined to comment on any deal. The dramatic turnaround appeared to be a government attempt to try to end violent clashes that over the weekend centered on showing sup port for the cathedral holdouts. Opposition groups launched nation wide demonstrations last week. They demand the fall of the government and replacement of an election sys tem they say ensures the continued rule of President Chun Doo-hwan's Democratic Justice Party when he steps down in February. They want direct presidential elections instead of the present electoral college. The protests produced the worst Please see KOREA, Page 7. senators have said that the administration Administration officials have declined to simply ought to deiay it, to avoid losing any say whether they would launch a pre-emptive more credibility in the region. strike against an estimated 20 Chinese-made "I think we're in a box now, having already Silkworm anti-ship missiles that are owned publicly promised to do it," Sen. John Glenn„ by Iran and could hit vessels passing through D-Ohio, said late last week, the mouth of the Persian Gulf. Administration officials agreed to reflag Concern about administration actions in the Kuwaiti vessels after the conservative the gulf sharpened after an Iraqi warplane, Arab state, which neighbors Iraq on the apparently by accident, fired two missiles at Persian Gulf, leased three Soviet oil tankers the Navy frigate Stark on May 17, killing 37 as a means to discourage Iranian attacks U.S. sailors. against its oil shipments. A further risk became apparent over the Although the first Kuwaiti tanker was weekend with a Lebanese newspaper report scheduled to fly the U.S. banner as early as that some of the American hostages taken in June 3, the reflagging has been delayed until Beirut have been moved to Iran and that a early next month while administration offi- leading Iranian religious figure wants them cials decide how they should respond to an to stand trial there. The Iranian Embassy in Iranian attack. Lebanon yesterday denied the report. . 1 % , %%%% 114 2.1 !! lie 111111k1, 1 , hog ....... :: -Mir.4 t0,.2 42., I r 41 .Tii I ' k co.t ~ - : a ~ ..4 ( ti _._.. . ..._ k .., . ...4--- .,... , . . AN ... . 0-- • ....., Ir Throngs gather in front of Myongdong Cathedral in Central Seoul in an anti. government protest as demonstrators wave South Korean National flags. Protests have been going on for five days and have been met by harshpunltive police action. Monday June 15, 1987 Vol. 88, No. 3 12 pages University Park, Pa. 16802 Published by students of The Pennsylvania State University ©1987 Collegian Inc. "Coal-water slurries appear best designed as a way of creating a new market for coal in the manufacturing industries, if it can be demon strated that coal will be competitive with gas and oil as a source of fuel," Gordon said. Jenkins said, "At this time, coal slurries are not less expensive than oil or natural gas to use in boilers, but the price of oil is likely to rise signifi cantly as it did in the '7os. "If this should happen, then the research will poise Pennsylvania in the forefront of an emerging energy technology and prepare the state to handle another energy crisis," he added. Scaroni said the conversion to the use of coal water fuel over natural gas or oil is not a difficult one. "Coal-water fuel can be stored in tanks that now hold oil and (the) technology is relatively Please see COAL, Page 7. AP Laserpho'llp
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