Reagan,
By MICHAEL PUTZEL
AP White House Correspondent
GENEVA President Reagan and
Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev con
cluded their extraordinarily personal
summit yesterday, claiming '‘broad
areas of agreement” but providing no
details on whether the superpowers
had resolved any major issues.
“The news is so good that we’re
going to hold it for tomorrow,” Rea
gan teased reporters after the formal
talks had ended. A joint farewell
ceremony was hastily scheduled for
this morning.
A U.S. source indicated that there
would be a joint statement to provide
impetus on arms control but that the
leaders would issue no specific
guidelines to help negotiators break
the current impasse.
Gorbachev said only, “I hope there
will be,” when asked if any joint
agreements would be signed.
- A State Department negotiator,
Raymond Benson, said the two sides
had approved cultural exchange pro
visions that call for exchange of stu
dents, ' performing arts groups,
exhibitions and sports teams. The
official who spoke on condition of
.anonymity said the agreement would
be signed to‘day.
* Reagan’s chief adviser on arms
control, Paul Nitze, was among ex
pferts who continued discussions fol
lowing the end of yesterday’s formal
negotiations. It was an indication that
the summit’s most contentious issue
remained unresolved as the leaders
adjourned for dinner.
The U.S. source, who spoke on
condition of anonymity, predicted at
least one surprise at today’s farewell
Prof: Nittany Valley a poor candidate for LLRW site
Editor's note: This is the fourth in a
five-part series dealing with Pennsyl
vania’s low level radioactive waste
problem. Today's segmentdetails the
technical problems surrounding
LLRW disposal.
By KATHI DODSON
Collegian Science Writer
As experts and legislators across
the state search for a low level radio
active waste site, one University ge
ology professor said Nittany Valley
should not be a storage site.
Robert Schmalzsaid the site is un
acceptable to house low level radioa
cative waste because it rests on a
limestone bedding.
A LLRW site should not be in an
area underlined by limestone,
Schmalz said because caves and pas
sages form in limestone making wa
ter difficult to contain.
Schmalz said limestone and other
geological formations must be con
sidered when choosing the location
for a low level radioactive waste
disposal site in Pennsylvania.
He said geological features deter
mine the way groundwater in the
area flows making it a major factor
when selecting a site.
“The big problem in radioactive
waste management is water,”
Schmalz said.
Water can dissolve contaminants
and carry them into drinking water
Man held on
drug charges
A State College man was arrested
Tuesday morning after about $22,000
worth of cocaine, hashish, marijuana
and Valium were seized from his
apartment, State College Bureau of
Police Services reported yesterday.
Timothy C. Foley, 29, of 331-D Ham
ilton Ave. was charged with four
counts of possessing controlled sub
stances and four counts of possessioh
with intent to deliver, State College
police said.
A large amount of cash and drug
paraphernalia were also confiscated,
but police would not provide further
details.
Foley was arraigned before Dis
trict Magistrate Clifford Yorks and
was taken to the Centre County Pris
on where he was released on $50,000
bail. A preliminary hearing is set for
Nov. 27.
—by Tom SchaHner
weather
Today, morning sunshine with
increasing high clouds. High
approaching 50 Heidi Sonen
the
daily
Gorbachev wrap up summit
and said plans for a follow-up summit
might await a post-summit decision.
White House spokesman Larry
Speakes declined to comment on
whether any significant agreements
were forged, adhering to the news
blackout established during Tues
day’s first summit session.
Speakes promised a briefing follow
ing the ceremony set for 10 a.m.
Geneva time (4 a.m. EST) and said it
would be clear to observers then
whether the summit could be consid
ered as success.
Speakes refused to say whether a
joint statement or communique
would be issued or whether the lead
ers would sign specific agreements.
He said neither Reagan nor Gorba
chev would take questions, but the
Soviets indicated Gorbachev would
hold a news conference after the
ceremony had ended.
Last night’s dinner was to have
been a social affair, but like the
formal negotiating sessions, the
agenda didn’t hold.
“The atmosphere at the dinner was
a good atmosphere,” Speakes said.
He added: “The president’s frame
of mind is very good. He will sleep
well tonight.”
At a reception before dinner, Gor
bachev confirmed he had been in
vited to visit the United States, but
did not say whether he had accepted.
Reagan, Gorbachev and both their
wives all have indicated that a visit
by the Soviet leader to the United
States within the next year or so has
been discussed here, and there are
indications that a reciprocal visit by
Reagan to the Soviet Union the fol
lowing year was likely.
supplies, he said, adding that water
can also erode surface soil and ex
pose the waste material allowing
burrowing animals to carry the waste
away.
Federal law madates that all states
must have their own LLRW site by
the end of the year or be a part of a
compact with other states. If Penn
sylvania does not comply to the law
by 1987, all low level radioactive
waste would have to be stored within
its borders.
.Richard J. Bord, University profes
sor of sociology who directed a public
survey on LLRW, defined LLRW as
First ladies meet to
discuss the issues
By EDITH Ml. LEDERER
Associated Press Writer
GENEVA Nancy Reagan and
Raisa Gorbachev agreed yester
day that their summit teas focused
on important issues and the Amer
ican first lady criticized reports of
■ a superpower fashion war as being
“a little silly.”
Prior to sitting down to a formal
Russian tea featuring cabbage pie
and caviar, the wives of President
Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail
Gorbachev insisted that their
meetings were not frivolous.
‘We don’t have much time and
we have things of substance to
discuss,” Raisa Gorbachev
shouted at photographers clamor
ing for pictures at the beginning of
their second afternoon tea in as
many days.
Inside the Soviet mission, the
two first ladies sat side-by-side on
a gold sofa in a drawing room,
looking very relaxed.
Raisa Gorbachev was asked
whether she and Nancy Reagan
could do anything together, apart
Collegian
Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev chats with President Ronald Reagan as both stand outside the villa Fleur D’Eau at
Versoix, near Geneva, Tuesday morning.
Gorbachev also said “I hope there
will be” agreements to announce at
the summit’s end.
In assessing the summit, Soviet
spokesman Leonid Zamyatin was
more cautious than Speakes, em
phasizing to reporters, “Believe me,
contaminated material that will be
come non-radioactive within 300
Bord said the public is primarily
concerned that LLRW will escape
into the environment particularly
into the water.
Schmalz said the minimum re
quirements for a LLRW disposal site
are: a water table between 60 and 100
feet below the surface, flat bedrock,
dry climate and impermeable soil.
These conditions will ensure that
water contacting the waste will not
migrate and end up in a lake, spring
or well, he said.
from their husbands, to promote
world peace.
“All we can do, we shall do,” the
Soviet first lady replied.
Their portrayal of the teas as
serious affairs came amid a furor
over comments, by White House
chief of staff Donald Regan, who
said women don’t understand such
weighty issues as arms control
and would prefer to read about
such things as the first ladies.
Nancy Reagan told reporters
she hadn’t seen Regan’s
statement. But answering a gener
al question on whether women
concerned themselves with sub
stantive issues, she replied: “I’m
sure they do.”
The tea lasted 50 minutes five
minutes longer than scheduled,
according to Elaine Crispen, Nan
cy Reagan press secretary.
She said the topics discussed
included the two women’s busy
lives, their husbands and children.
Earlier in the day, the 53-year
old Soviet first lady delivered a
brief speech at the cornerstone
laying ceremony for a new Red
Cross Museum.
in such a limited space of time the
enormous amount of difficult issues
that have accumulated cannot possi
bly be solved.”
He added, “Of course there are
disagreements. This doesn’t mean
the sides are not trying to come to
Also, the site should not be placed
where base rocks are severely bro
ken, he said.
Sedimentary rock found throughout
Pennsylvania is also an unfavorable
base rock because it can trap water
between layers or carry away water
quickly, Schmalz said.
Conditions for a favorable site in
clude low soil acidity, high organic
content, and a clay base to prevent
leaching leakage into nearby water
tables.
The site should cover 500 to 600
acres and will be state or federally
owned during operation and after
closure, Schmalz said.
“I think we’d be very generous if
we set off one square mile,” Schmalz
said. “We’re looking for a very small
piece of Pennsylvania, really.”
John Vincenti, director of the Uni
versity’s Public Involvement and Ed
ucation on Radiation Program, said
the LLRW hazard is determined by a
number of factors including the wast
e’s chemical and physical form, the
interactions of the material with
plants and animals and the materi
al’s half-life.
“Radiation ... is a health hazard
and that’s the bottom line,” Vincenti
said.
“We have to pick the site in such a
way that we are quite confident that
the radioactivity will be contained
safely for 300 years, even if we just
Federal ruling could reduce aid
By ALAN J. CRAVER
Collegian Staff Writer
The proposed $BOO million cut from
the federal Guaranteed Student Loan
program may reduce the amount of
financial assistance available for
University students during the next
three years, a spokesman for the
Pennsylvania Higher Education As
sistance Agency said.
Jay Evans, deputy for loans and
legislative affairs, said the House
version of the reconciliation bill
would cut $B2O million from the GSL
program while the Senate’s bill would
cut about $865 million.
Congress was ordered in August to
trim $BOO million from the program
over the next three years to comply
with the current federal budget.
The reconciliation process occurs
when federal funding for programs is
reduced to comply with the budget.
William D. Boyd, acting director of
the University’s Office of Student
Aid, said the House and Senate propo
sals will probably be changed once
the chambers meet to form a final
bill. •
“There are a lot of things that get
talked about but don’t survive,” Boyd
said.
The Senate completed its bill last
week and the House passed its bill
several weeks ago.
Larry Zaglaniczny, assistant direc-
Thursday, Nov. 21,1985
Vol. 86, No. 95 18 pages University Park, Pa. 16802
Published by students of The Pennsylvania State University
©1985 Collegian Inc.
terms on joint problems.”
Speakes said both sides agreed on
the content of his “good progress”
report that said, “There are broad
areas of agreement and other areas
on which further discussions must
take place.
dig a hole and dump it in. That’s the
worst possible (type of waste dispo
sal),” Schmalz said.
Vincenti, however, said (here is no
such thing as a perfect site. Once a
site is chosen, a specific type of
disposal facility will be matched to
the area conditions.
Bord said the PIER survey indi
cates the public favors some kind of
underground facility with man-made
barriers.
People believe this type of facility
provides two barriers separating
them from the waste, the soil and the
man-made wall, he said.
In the past, LLRW has been dis
posed of in concrete-lined trenches,
Schmalz said.
“(This method) seems to be among
the safest way of enhanced burial,”
Schmalz said.
An underground concrete vault a
variation of land burial is more
expensive, but is the type of facility
the governor wants, Schmalz said.
Earth-mounded bunkers are anoth
er successful option now used in the
Soviet Union and France, Schmalz
said.
Sweden buries its waste in deep
mines under the Baltic Sea, he said.
Germany puts its waste in deep salt
Canada, in addition to using under
Please see WASTE, Page 4.
tor for congressional liaisons with the
American Council on Education, said
current methods of administering
and collecting GSLs were changed to
save money.
Evans said the House’s plan would
reduce by 3 percent the amount of
each loan, in order to cover the costs
of distributing the loans. He said
PHEAA opposes the plan because it
would excessively reduce the amount
of loan money students receive.
Evans, who monitors state and
federal student aid matters for
PHEAA, said the House plan also
would divide the amount of a student
loan once given for one semester over
two semesters. For example, if a
student receives a $2,500 loan, $1,250
would be given out for each semester,
Evans said.
Students who attend institutions
with high tuitions may be hurt by this
measure because they would not re
ceive money they might need for one
semester.
Zaglaniczny said the Senate’s plan
is similar to the House plan except
that it includes a new loan consolida
tion plan.
The consolidation plan would en
able borrowers with more than $5,000
in several loans to combine their
payments into one holding at a 10
percent interest rate over 15 years, he
said.
Ordinance
on noise
discussed
By MELANIE MALINOWSKI
Collegian Staff Writer
The low number of official noise
ordinance complaints since July 1
indicates the ordinance has been ef
fective in reducing State College’s
noise problem, State College Munici
pal Councilman John Dombroski
said.
However, many fraternity mem
bers believe ordinance enforcement
has been unfair to greeks living off
campus.
Alan Hubbell, president of Delta
Tau Delta fraternity, said. “We never
had any problem in the past. This
year we have lots of problems. The
rule goes a little bit far. (The police)
have to give a little bit.”
Under the new noise ordinance
approved last May, there have been
14 complaints since July 1: one com
plaint was unfounded, six complaints
resulted in arrests and seven warn
ings were issued, said Cpl. James
Stuller of the State College Bureau of
Police Services.
When asked if he thought the noise
ordinance was working, Dombroski
said “Absolutely. (There is) a lot less
tension and less concern mentioned
b'y people.”
However Douglas Schmitt, presi
dent of Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity,
said there is tension in the commu
nity as a result of the ordinance and
its enforcement.
“The officers can be too subjective
if they want,” Schmitt said. “They
can come by and get you at will.
“The last thing we want to do is
disturb the neighbors,” Schmitt said.
“We encourage the neighbors to call
the house, not the police.” He said he
believes the noise ordinance is caus
ing a rift between the off-campus
students and permanent residents.
Dombroski admitted that when the
ordinance was first enacted in May,
there was a lot of tension in the
community, but now, this has abated.
“People are aware of regulations
and are making accommodations
within them,” Dombroski said.
The total number of noise and loud
party disorders recorded from
Aug. 23 to Oct. 7 was 374, which in
cludes the 14 noise ordinance com
plaints. Recent figures are
unavailable.
“The noise ordinance (is) a form of
disorderly conduct,” Dombroski
said, adding that there was a pre
vious noise ordinance, but it was re
written to lower the decibel level.
The results of a survey mailed to 1,-
000 borough residents in October
showed that one of the top six con
cerns of students was property noise,
said Chris Capozzi, president of the
Organization of Town Independent
Students.
“There is without a doubt a need to
control noise as is evidenced by the
borough survey,” Capozzi said. “But
the legislation enacted to control
noise places an unfair burden on
students rather than on the commu
nity as a whole.”
Police Lt. Jack S. Orndorf, com
mander of field services division,
State College police, said police issue
noise citations to fraternities, apart-
See NOISE, Page 4
The House and Senate plans also
propose several changes in adminis
trative duties and collection practices
of loans that would indirectly affect
students, Zaglaniczny said.
The House plan extends the amount
of time state agencies must wait
before they become eligible for insur
ance claims on defaulted loans, he
said. Agencies such as PHEAA now
must wait four months before filing a
claim. But with the new plan, these
agencies will have to wait seven
months.
Evans said this would give students
more time to repay their loans before
PHEAA and other state agencies
consider the loan defaulted.
The Senate plan also would reduce
the profits lenders receive for proc
essing loans from 3.5 to 2.5 percent,
Zaglaniczny said.
PHEAA is concerned the measure
would make lenders less willing to
provide student loans since there
would be less profit for them, Evans
said.
“Since lenders may have less en
thusiam to give loans,” Evans said,
“this may affect the availability of
funds.”
When programs such as this year’s
$3.8 billion GSL program grow large
and expensive, Congress looks to cut
GSL programs to balance the budget,
Zaglaniczny said.
Please see related story, Page 18.